考研考博-英語-合肥工業(yè)大學押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-合肥工業(yè)大學押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.單選題

Asmyexamsarecomingnextweek,I’lltakeadvantageoftheweekendto（

）onsomereading.

問題1選項

A.catchup

B.clearup

C.makeup

D.pickup

【答案】D

【解析】短語辨析。句意:下周就要考試了，我要利用周末時間好好看看書。

catchupon彌補不足、吸收，精通;clearup收拾，整理;makeup偽造，化妝;pickup提高（速度），加快（節(jié)奏）。因此D項符合句意。

2.填空題

Formostpeopletheseawasremote,andfortheexceptionofearlyintercontinentaltravelersorotherswhoearnedalivingfromthesea,therewaslittlereasontoaskmanyquestionsaboutit,letalonetoask

whatlaybeneaththesurface.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Afortheexceptionof改為withtheexceptionof

【解析】【考查點】固定搭配。

【解題思路】withtheexceptionof為固定搭配，意思為“除了……以外”，fortheexceptionof用法錯誤，因此A部分應為withtheexceptionof。

【句意】除了一些洲際旅行者和以大海為生的人，對于大多數(shù)人來說，大海遠在天邊，沒有什么必要問太多關于大海的問題，更別說思考海底的東西了。

3.單選題

Iintendtomovethatourcommittee（）Jimaschairman,andIhopethatyouwillsecondmymotion.

問題1選項

A.willappoint

B.appoints

C.appoint

D.appointed

【答案】C

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。Move在這里表示（在會上）提議、建議。在表建議、命令、要求和愿望的動詞后面，賓語從句要用虛擬語氣:should+動詞原形的用法，should可省略。選項C正確。句意：我提議委員會任命Jim為主席，我希望你能支持我的建議。

4.單選題

Thefactthattheyreactedsodifferentlywasareflectionoftheirdifferent（）.

問題1選項

A.performances

B.personalities

C.qualities

D.debut

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項performance“表現(xiàn)”，B項personality“人格，個性”，C項quality“質量”，D項debut“初次登臺，開張”。句意：他們的反應如此不同，反映了他們不同的個性。根據(jù)句意，該題選B正確。

5.單選題

Thetheoryof（

）wasdevelopedbyDarwinandisnowunderstoodbynearlyeverybodyintheworld.

問題1選項

A.determination

B.distribution

C.discipline

D.evolution

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。determination“決心”；distribution“分布”；discipline“學科；紀律”；evolution“演變，進化論”。句意：進化論由達爾文提出，現(xiàn)在幾乎世界上每個人都知道這個理論。選項D符合題意。

6.單選題

Teachersneedtobeawareoftheemotional,intellectualandphysicalchangesthatyoungadultsexperience.Andtheyalsoneedtogiveserious（1）tohowtheycanbest（2）suchchanges.Growingbodiesneedmovementand（3）butnotjustinwaysthatemphasizecompetition.（4）theyareadjustingtotheirnewbodiesandawholehostofnewintellectualandemotionalchallenges,teenagersareespeciallyself-consciousandneedthe（5）thatcomesfromachievingsuccessandknowingthattheiraccomplishmentsare（6）byothers.However,thetypicalteenagelifestyleisalreadyfilledwithsomuchcompetitionthatitwouldbe（7）toplanactivitiesinwhichtherearemorewinnersthanlosers,（8）andpublishingnewsletterswithmanystudent-writtenbookreviews,（9）studentartworkandsponsoringbookdiscussionclubs.Avarietyofsmallclubscanprovide（10）opportunitiesforleadership,aswellasforpracticeinsuccessful（11）dynamics.Makingfriendsisextremelyimportanttoteenagers,andmanyshystudentsneedthe（12）ofsomekindoforganizationwithasupportiveadult（13）visibleinthebackground.

Intheseactivities,itisimportanttorememberthattheyoungteenshave（14）attentionspans.Avarietyofactivitiesshouldbeorganized（15）participantscanremainactiveaslongastheywantandthengoonto（16）elsewithoutfeelingguiltyandwithoutlettingtheotherparticipants（17）.Thisdoesnotmeanthatadultsmustacceptirresponsibility.（18）theycanhelpstudentsacquireasenseofcommitmentby（19）forrolesthatarewithintheir（20）andtheirattentionspansandbyhavingclearlystatedrules.

問題1選項

A.thought

B.idea

C.opinion

D.advice

問題2選項

A.strengthen

B.accommodate

C.stimulate

D.enhance

問題3選項

A.care

B.nutrition

C.exercise

D.leisure

問題4選項

A.If

B.Although

C.Whereas

D.Because

問題5選項

A.assistance

B.guidance

C.confidence

D.tolerance

問題6選項

A.claimed

B.admired

C.ignored

D.surpassed

問題7選項

A.improper

B.risky

C.fair

D.wise

問題8選項

A.ineffect

B.asaresult

C.forexample

D.inasense

問題9選項

A.displaying

B.describing

C.creating

D.exchanging

問題10選項

A.durable

B.excessive

C.surplus

D.multiple

問題11選項

A.group

B.individual

C.personnel

D.corporation

問題12選項

A.consent

B.insurance

C.admission

D.security

問題13選項

A.particularly

B.barely

C.definitely

D.rarely

問題14選項

A.similar

B.long

C.different

D.short

問題15選項

A.ifonly

B.nowthat

C.sothat

D.evenif

問題16選項

A.everything

B.anything

C.nothing

D.something

問題17選項

A.off

B.down

C.out

D.alone

問題18選項

A.Onthecontrary

B.Ontheaverage

C.Onthewhole

D.Ontheotherhand

問題19選項

A.making

B.standing

C.planning

D.taking

問題20選項

A.capability

B.responsibility

C.proficiency

D.efficiency

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

第6題:B

第7題:D

第8題:C

第9題:A

第10題:D

第11題:A

第12題:D

第13題:B

第14題:B

第15題:C

第16題:D

第17題:B

第18題:A

第19題:C

第20題:A

【解析】1.考查名詞辨析。thought思想，思考；idea觀點；opinion意見，主張；advice建議，忠告；由上文beawareof知道，察覺到以及and可知此空應填與beawareof意思接近的單詞。idea和opinion與give連用時前面要加a；giveadvicetosb，to后面要接人，故A項正確。句意：老師也要認真思考….

2.考查動詞辨析。strengthen加強；accommodate容納，使適應；stimulate刺激；enhance增加。能與“changes變化”搭配的只有B項，accommodatesuchchanges適應這些變化。句意：老師應該認真思考如何讓學生更好地適應這些變化。

3.考查名詞辨析。care關心；nutrition營養(yǎng)；exercise鍛煉，練習；leisure閑暇，空閑。由and可知空格處所填詞應與movement意思接近，故C項正確。句意：成長中的身體需要運動和鍛煉。

4.考查邏輯連詞。theyareadjustingto…和teenagersareespeciallyself-conscious…之間是因果關系。句意：因為青少年正在適應新的身體狀況、心智和情感方面的諸多挑戰(zhàn)，所以他們的自我意識強…故D項正確。

5.考查名詞辨析。assistance幫助，援助；guidance指導，引導；confidence自信；tolerance容忍。由后面that引導的定語從句“thatcomesfromachievingsuccess”可知人獲得了成功，就會有自信，所以C項符合題意。

6.考查動詞辨析。claim聲稱，宣稱，要求；admire羨慕，欽佩，贊美；ignore忽視；surpass超越，勝過。由句意可推測這些學生希望他們的成就被別人欽佩。故B項符合題意。

7.考查形容詞辨析。improper不合適的；risky冒險的；fair公平的；wise明智的。句意：然而，由于典型的青少年生活方式充滿了競爭，以至于在策劃活動時，讓獲勝的人比輸?shù)舯荣惖母囡@然是（）。由前文可知，青少年自我意識強，希望能有獲得成功的自信，希望別人欽佩他們的成功，故在策劃活動時，讓贏者比輸者多會更適合青少年。所以這種策劃是明智的。

8.考查邏輯關系。下文是對上文中activities的舉例，故用forexample。

9.考查動詞辨析。display展示；describe描述；create創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)作；exchange交換，交流。此空與studentartwork搭配，只有A項符合句意“展示學生的藝術品”。

10.考查形容詞辨析。durable耐用的，持久的；excessive過度的；surplus剩余的，過剩的；multiple多重的，多樣的。由avarietyofsmallclubs可推知許多小俱樂部能給學生提供許多鍛煉領導力的機會。故D項正確。

11.考查名詞辨析。group團體；individual個人的；personnel人事部門，全體人員；corporation公司，法人。由上文leadership可推知此空應填group，只有在集體里才有機會發(fā)揮領導力，才能鍛煉自己。故A項正確。

12.考查名詞辨析。consent準許，同意；insurance保險；admission承認；security安全。句意：一些害羞的學生需要一些機構給予…，而且需要一個成年人在幕后給予支持。由后半句句意可推知害羞的學生需要安全感。故D項正確。

13.考查副詞辨析。particularly特別是；barely僅僅；definitely清楚地；rarely很少地，難得。此空修飾visible,只有B項符合句意，表示“僅僅是在幕后的支持者?！?/p>

14.考查形容詞辨析。similar相似的；long長的；different不同的；short短的。根據(jù)常識可以判斷青少年的能夠集中注意力的時間比較短。故B項正確。

15.考查邏輯關系。由下文“participantscanremainactive…參與者只要想?yún)⑴c就可以積極地參與…”可知這是該活動所達到的效果，故用sothat引導結果。

16.考查代詞辨析。句意：只要他們想?yún)⒓幽稠椈顒?，他們就可以去參加而沒有負罪感。此空指的是某一種活動，而不是特定的活動，故D項正確。

17.考查固定搭配。letoff放出，排放；letsbdown使…失望；letout放出，泄露；letalone更不用說。此空句意為“不會擔心讓其他參與者感到失望”。

18.考查詞組辨析。onthecontrary相反；ontheaverage一般來說；onthewhole總體上；ontheotherhand另一方面。由上文“這并不意味著成年人沒有無責任”以及空格后的“他們可以幫助學生獲得一種責任感”可知這兩句構成對比的關系，故A項正確。

19.考查固定搭配。makefor向…方向走；standfor代表，表示；planfor為做計劃；takefor以為。句意：相反，他們可以通過為學生設計或安排角色來幫助學生獲得一種責任感。只有C項符合句意。

20.考查名詞辨析。capability能力；responsibility責任；proficiency精通，熟練；efficiency效率，效能。由下文的andtheirattentionspans可知此空應填與之相似的詞匯。句意：設計一些在他們（）和注意力周期之內的角色。由于活動對象是青少年，他們的能力還有限，所以設計活動時要考慮到他們的能力水平以及注意力時間長短。故A項正確。

7.單選題

Healways______hisfailureinobtainingajobtobadluck.

問題1選項

A.ascribes

B.transcribes

C.inscribes

D.prescribes

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.ascribes歸因于，歸咎于B.transcribes轉錄，抄寫

C.inscribes題寫；銘記D.prescribes開藥方；規(guī)定

【答案】A

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句子意思“他把失敗______于運氣不好”可知，空格處表示“歸因于”符合句意，且ascribeto表示“把……歸結于”。故本題選擇A項正確。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D項不符合句意。

【句意】他總是把沒能找到工作歸咎于運氣不好。

8.單選題

Anothertrendofthe1990sinthecomputerindustryistowardmultimediaformats,asthemarketforconventionaltypesofcomputer—thosethathavecomputationanddataprocessingastheirmajorfunctions—hasbeguntobecomesaturated.Multimediacomputersaresystemsthatcanprocessgraphics,sound,video,andanimationinadditiontotraditionaldataprocessing,Videocassetterecorders,televisions,telephones,andaudiocassetteplayershaverecentlyundergoneachangeintechnologyfromanalogtodigitalformats.Televisionimages,forexample,canbeprocessedbycomputerprogramsoncetheyhavebeenconvertedtodigitalsignals,whilethoseinconventionalanalogsignalscannot.Inotherwords,digitalvideoimagescanbezoomedupordown,reshaped,orrearrangedbytheappropriatesoftware.Also,duetoadvancesinvideo-signalcompressiontechnology,thememoryspacerequiredforstoringavideoprogramhasbeengreatlyreduced.

Multimediahasimportantapplicationsforconsumerproductsandforbusinessneeds.Videoscenesthatarecapturedbycamcorderscanbecombinedwithtext,sound,anddataandcanbeviewedontelevisionsetsinhomes,schools,oroffices.Thesemultimediapresentationsarebecomingusefuleducationalandcommercialtools.Forexample,thereareavailableencyclopediasthatcontainvideoprogramsdepictinganimalbehavior,geoinorphicprocessing,andothernaturalphenomena.Automobilemechanicscanwatchvideosthatdemonstratehowtorepairnewmodels.Inbusinessapplications,documentscanbeannotatedwithvoiceorvideo.Newconsumerproductscanbemoreeffectivelymarketedbydemonstratinghowtheycanbeused.CD-ROMsofnumerousothersubjectshavebeenrecentlypublished;allofthemcanbeviewedonTVmonitorsusingmultimediacomputers.Thesemultimediacomputersystemscan,inturn,beincorporatedintocomputernetworks,enhancingtheeffectivenessofcommunication.

Thismultitudeofnewproductsandcapabilitieshasbeenmadepossiblebythetremendousprogressofmicroprocessortechnology.Becauseoftheadvancesinthisarea,personalcomputershavebecomemorepowerful,smaller,andlessexpensive,whichhasenabledcomputernetworkstoproliferate.Manyofthetasksthatweretraditionallyperformedbymainframeshavebeentransferredtopersonalcomputersconnectedtocommunicationsnetworks.Althoughthemainframe,continuestobeproducedandservesausefulpurpose,ithasbeenusedmoreoftenasoneofmanydifferentcomputersandperipheraldevicesconnectedtocomputernetworks.Inthisnewrole,thefunctionofmainframesaspowerfulprocessorsofdatabasesystemsisbecomingimportant,and,asaresult,massivelyparallelcomputerswithhundredsorthousandsofmicroprocessorsarebeingproduced.Inadditiontobeingpowerful,themicroprocessorsusedforthispurposemustbeinexpensivebutlowcostscanbeachievedonlyiftheyaremass-produced.Throughouttheworld,morethan100,000,000personalcomputersand500,000workstationsareinuse,whereasonlyseveralhundredsupercomputersareinoperation;thenumbersofmainframesandminicomputersfallsomewherebetweenthoseofsupercomputersandworkstations.Becauseofsuchhigh-volumeproduction,microprocessorsforpersonalcomputersorworkstationstendtobeinexpensiveandareavailableforuseinmassivelyparallelcomputersaswell.

1.Multimediacomputers（

）.

2.Theunderlinedword“annotated”inthesecondparagraphmostprobablymeans（

）.

3.Accordingtothispassage,

（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingisapropertitleforthispassage?

問題1選項

A.canprocessanythingbutdigitaldata

B.canevenprocesstelevisionimages

C.arerarelyusedineducation

D.havefewbusinessapplications

問題2選項

A.explained

B.forwarded

C.prepared

D.presented

問題3選項

A.themarketformultimediacomputershasbecomesaturated

B.mostmainframeshavebeentransformedintopersonalcomputers

C.mostpersonalcomputershavebecomemuchmorepowerfulthanmainframes

D.thelowcostsofmicroprocessorshavebeenachievedthankstothehigh-volumeproduction

問題4選項

A.MultimediaComputers

B.MicroprocessorTechnology

C.ComputerNetworks

D.ChangingRoleofComputers

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題目問的是“多媒體計算機……”。文章第一段提到“例如，電視畫面一旦被轉化成數(shù)字信號，那么它就能被電腦程序處理，但是傳統(tǒng)模擬信號不可以”（Televisionimages,forexample,canbeprocessedbycomputerprogramsoncetheyhavebeenconvertedtodigitalsignals,whilethoseinconventionalanalogsignalscannot），因此選項B符合題意。

2.詞義題。題目問的是“第二段劃線詞annotated的意思是……”。文章第二段提到“新的消費產(chǎn)品可以通過展示它們如何使用這種方法來更有效地營銷”(Newconsumerproductscanbemoreeffectivelymarketedbydemonstratinghowtheycanbeused)，由此可推測annotated有“解釋”的意思，選項A符合題意。

3.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“通過這篇文章……”。文章最后一段提到“由于這種大批量生產(chǎn)，用于個人計算機或工作站的微處理器往往比較便宜，也可以用于大規(guī)模并行計算機中”（Becauseofsuchhigh-volumeproduction,microprocessorsforpersonalcomputersorworkstationstendtobeinexpensiveandareavailableforuseinmassivelyparallelcomputersaswell），因此選項D“微處理器的低成本得益于大批量生產(chǎn)”符合題意。

4.主旨大意題。題目問的是“最適合本文的題目是……”。文章由第一段提出“多媒體電腦”（multimediacomputers）這個話題，隨后對其應用和開發(fā)進行了敘述，因此選項A“多媒體電腦”符合題意。

9.單選題

Whenprehistoricmanarrivedinnewpartsoftheworld,somethingstrangehappenedtothelargeanimals.Theysuddenlybecameextinct.Smallerspeciessurvived.Thelarge,slow-growinganimalswereeasygame,andwerequicklyhuntedtoextinction.Nowsomethingsimilarcouldbehappeningintheoceans.

Thattheseasarebeingoverfishedhasbeenknownforyears.WhatresearcherssuchasRansomMyersandBorisWormhaveshownisjusthowfastthingsarechanging.Theyhavelookedathalfacenturyofdatafromfisheriesaroundtheworld.Theirmethodsdonotattempttoestimatetheactualbiomass(theamountoflivingbiologicalmatter)offishspeciesinparticularpartsoftheocean,butratherchangesinthatbiomassovertime.AccordingtotheirlatestpaperpublishedinNature,thebiomassoflargepredators(animalsthatkillandeatotheranimals)inanewfisheryisreducedonaverageby80%within15yearsofthestartofexploitation.Insomelong-fishedareas,ithashalvedagainsincethen.

Dr.Wormacknowledgesthatthesefiguresareconservative.Onereasonforthisisthatfishingtechnologyhasimproved.Today’svesselscanfindtheirpreyusingsatellitesandsonar,whichwerenotavailable50yearsago.Thatmeansahigherproportionofwhatisintheseaisbeingcaught,sotherealdifferencebetweenpresentandpastislikelytobeworsethantheonerecordedbychangesincatchsizes.Intheearlydays,too,longlineswouldhavebeenmoresaturatedwithfish.Someindividualswouldthereforenothavebeencaught,sincenobaitedhookswouldhavebeenavailabletotrapthem,leadingtoanunderestimateoffishstocksinthepast.Furthermore,intheearlydaysoflonglinefishing,alotoffishwerelosttosharksaftertheyhadbeenhooked.Thatisnolongeraproblem,becausetherearefewersharksaroundnow.

Dr.MyersandDr.Wormarguethattheirworkgivesacorrectbaseline,whichfuturemanagementeffortsmusttakeintoaccount.Theybelievethedatasupportanideacurrentamongmarinebiologists,thatofthe“shiftingbaseline”.Thenotionisthatpeoplehavefailedtodetectthemassivechangeswhichhavehappenedintheoceanbecausetheyhavebeenlookingbackonlyarelativelyshorttimeintothepast.Thatmattersbecausetheorysuggeststhatthemaximumsustainableyieldthatcanbecroppedfromafisherycomeswhenthebiomassofatargetspeciesisabout50%ofitsoriginallevels.Mostfisheriesarewellbelowthat,whichisabadwaytodobusiness.

1.Theextinctionoflargeprehistoricanimalsisnotedtosuggestthat______.

2.WecaninferfromDr.MyersandDr.Worm’spaperthat______.

3.Bysayingthesefiguresareconservative(line1,inparagraph3),Dr.Wormmeansthat______.

4.Dr.Myersandotherresearcherholdthat______.

5.Theauthorseemstobemainlyconcernedwithmostfisheries’______.

問題1選項

A.largeanimalwerevulnerabletothechangingenvironment

B.smallspeciessurvivedaslargeanimalsdisappeared

C.largeseaanimalsmayfacethesamethreattoday

D.slow-growingfishoutlivefast-growingones

問題2選項

A.thestockoflargepredatorsinsomeoldfisherieshasreducedby90%

B.thereareonlyhalfasmanyfisheriesastherewere15yearsago

C.thecatchsizesinnewfisheriesareonly20%oftheoriginalamount

D.thenumberoflargepredatordroppedfasterinnewfisheriesthanintheold

問題3選項

A.fishingtechnologyhasimprovedrapidly

B.thencatch-sizesareactuallysmallerthanrecorded

C.themarinebiomasshassufferedagreaterloss

D.thedatecollectedsofarareoutofdate

問題4選項

A.peopleshouldlookforabaselinethatcan’tworkforalongertime

B.fisheriesshouldkeeptheyieldbelow50%ofthebiomass

C.theoceanbiomassshouldrestoreitsoriginallevel

D.peopleshouldadjustthefishingbaselinetochangingsituation

問題5選項

A.managementefficiency

B.biomasslevel

C.catch-sizelimits

D.technologicalapplication

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.【試題解析】細節(jié)推斷題。題干意思是“大型史前動物的滅絕暗示什么？”。第一段最后一句Nowsomethingsimilarcouldbehappeningintheoceans（現(xiàn)在類似的事情可能正在海洋中發(fā)生），由此推斷，文中提到史前動物的滅絕是暗示海洋生物也會面臨同樣的問題。A項“大型動物很容易受到環(huán)境的影響”，B項“小物種幸存下來而大物種消失了”和D項“生長緩慢的魚比生長迅速的魚更長壽”都不是大型動物滅絕暗示的現(xiàn)象，所以該題C項正確。

2.【試題解析】細節(jié)推斷題。題干意思是“我們從Dr.MyersandDr.Worm’s的論文中可以推測出什么？”。根據(jù)本題關鍵詞“Dr.MyersandDr.Worm’spaper”定位到本文第二段最后一句AccordingtotheirlatestpaperpublishedinNature,thebiomassoflargepredators(animalsthatkillandeatotheranimals)inanewfisheryisreducedonaverageby80%within15yearsofthestartofexploitation.Insomelong-fishedareas,ithashalvedagainsincethen（根據(jù)他們在《自然》雜志上發(fā)表的最新論文，在新漁場開始捕撈的15年內，大型捕食動物（殺死并吃掉其他動物的動物）的生物量平均減少了80%。在一些長期捕魚的地區(qū)，從那時起，它又減少了一半），由此推斷，文中提到大型捕食動物平均減少80%，所以可以推測出在一些老的漁場，已經(jīng)減少了90%。B項“這里的漁場數(shù)量只有15年前的一半”說法錯誤，文中沒有漁場數(shù)量15年之間的對比；C項“新漁場的漁獲量只有原來的20%”說法錯誤，是指平均下降80%，沒有說就只有20%，該說法過于絕對；D項“新漁場的大型捕食者的數(shù)量比舊漁場下降得更快”說法錯誤，根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知，應該是舊漁場下降得更快。所以該題A項正確。

3.【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“通過說這些數(shù)字是保守的（第三段第一行），Worm博士的意思是？”。根據(jù)本題直接定位到本文第三段第四句Thatmeansahigherproportionofwhatisintheseaisbeingcaught,sotherealdifferencebetweenpresentandpastislikelytobeworsethantheonerecordedbychangesincatchsizes（這意味著更高比例的海洋生物正在被捕撈，所以現(xiàn)在和過去之間的真正差異可能比捕撈規(guī)模變化所記錄的更糟糕），由此可知因為科技的進步給捕魚帶來的巨大的方便，但是這些數(shù)字是保守估計是因為海洋生物遭受了更大的破壞。A項“捕魚技術進步很快”是給捕魚帶來了方便，但不符合本題題意；B項“捕魚量實際上比記錄的要小”該說法沒有原文依據(jù)，原文只提到海洋生物遭受了更大的破壞；D項“到目前為止收集到的日期已經(jīng)過時了”與本題無關。所以該題C項正確。

4.【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“邁爾斯博士和其他研究人員認為？”。根據(jù)本題關鍵詞“Dr.Myers”定位到本文最后一段第一句Dr.MyersandDr.Wormarguethattheirworkgivesacorrectbaseline,whichfuturemanagementeffortsmusttakeintoaccount（邁爾斯和沃姆博士認為，他們的工作給出了一個正確的基線，未來的管理工作必須加以考慮），由此可知應該要調整捕魚的基線來改變當前的狀態(tài)。A項“人們應該尋找一個長期不起作用的基準”說法錯誤，是要尋找一個有效的基線；B項“漁業(yè)應將產(chǎn)量保持在生物量的50%以下”，該說法錯誤，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二句可知應當是保持在50%，而不是50%之下；C項“海洋生物量應該恢復到原來的水平”說法不全面，是要恢復到原始水平的50%。所以該題D項正確。

5.【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“作者似乎主要關注大多數(shù)漁業(yè)的什么？”。A項“管理效率”；B項“生物量水平”；C項“捕獲的大小限制”；D項“技術應用”。整篇文章都是圍繞海洋生物的量展開的，而且文章中反復出現(xiàn)了“biomass”，所以可知，作者大多關注海洋生物總量的變化。所以該題B項正確。

10.單選題

Isthishappeninginyourneighborhood?Children,notebookcomputersstuckundertheirarms,awaittheyellowbusforthetriptomiddleschool.Onthesurface,thequestionofcomputersinschoolsisano-brainer.Itwouldbestrangetoinsistthattoday’stechnologyshouldn’tbeusedtomaketheclassroomexperiencemoreindividualized,moreeffective,moreimmediate,moreexciting.Computershavebeeninschoolsmorethan20years—andprobablyevendonesomegood.

ButtheideaofapersonalcomputerasanecessarydailytoolforeveryAmericangrammarschoolpupilisaltogetherdifferentthing.Bewarethesuperficiallyattractivevisionof10-year-oldsdoingmostoftheirwork—andhomework—onacomputer.Itisanotherillusorysilverbulletthatpromisestosolveallofsociety’sillsthroughtechnology.Regardlessofwhetherparentsortaxpayersbuythemachinery,it’sbadpolicy.

Determiningtheproperroleofcomputersinschoolsistooimportanttobelefttocomputersuppliersandeducators.Aneducatedpublicwithclearandrealisticexpectationsneedstohelpdeterminetherighttrackfortechnology.

EducatorsforeverseemtoseektheultimateincurricularorteachingtoolsTheyarealwayspreoccupiedwithinnovation—juniorhighschool,newmath,wholelanguage,openclassrooms,andmasterylearning,tonameafew.Someideasturnedoutwellandovertimehaveearnedpermanentpositionsinoureducationsystems.Otherreflectedchangeforchanges’sakeandwoundupinthetrashbin,wheretheybelong.

Exactlywhatistobesolvedwithcomputersinschools?Arewelookingtoimproveinstructionalcapacityandflexibility?Arewetryingtomaketeachersandaidsmoreproductivebylettingstudentstakeadvantageofprogrammedlearningtools?Thisallsoundsgood,andmuchhasbeenaccomplishedwithcomputer-assistedinstruction.

Butthat’snotthesameasmakingthecomputerasymbolofwell-temperededucationalpolicy.There’sdangerinthemessagethatachildisnotfullyeducatedifheorshecan’tsurftheWorldWideWedskillfully,movearoundinWindowsortheFounder,useawordprocessingprogram,orprograminLogoorBasic.

Theseskillscanbelearnedoutsidetheclassroom.Worse,thetimeittakesstudentstoacquirethemistimestolenfromthelegitimateteachingschedule—andthat’sabadtrade.

Andwhatkindofcomputersshouldbepurchased?We’renottalkingbrandnames.Mostschoolsystemsdon’thavethemoneytoreplacePCsorMacsonthetwo-to-three-yearcyclethatshiftingtechnologiesdemand.Ontheotherhand,$2500—thecostofjustonecomputer—investedinbooksfortheschoollibraryproducesanassetthathas,shallwesay,alongershelflife.

Andwhochangesthefactorycultureofschoolroomstoallowcomputerstobemoreeffective?Andwhoteachestheteachers?Thesearethereallytoughissues—theonesthatmorehardwarewon’tsolve.

Childrenarebestservedwhenschoolscontributetoshapingthesolidfoundationsonwhichtheirfuturewillbebuilt.Thestudentwhocanreadwithcuriosityandunderstanding,whohasmasteredbasicmathematicalconcepts,whocanevaluateideascritically,istheoneschoolsshouldaimtoproduce.

1.A“no-brainer”inthethirdsentenceofthefirstparagraphprobablymeans（）.

2.Whocandeterminetheproperroleofcomputersinschools?

3.Accordingtotheauthor,teachingcomputerintheschoolclassroomisbadpracticebecause（）.

4.Inthelastparagraphtheauthorimpliesthat（）.

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsthepresentwayofteachingcomputersinschoolsis（）.

問題1選項

A.somethingthatistakenforgranted

B.anideathatisbrainlessandfoolish

C.aproposalthatisnotworthyofseriousconsideration

D.amachinethatcannevertaketheplaceofhumanbrain

問題2選項

A.Computersuppliers

B.Computeeducate

C.Theeducatedpublic

D.Alloftheabove

問題3選項

A.thecomputeristooexpensivealuxuryforschoolpupils

B.thepupilsarenotintelligentlymatureenoughtomastertheskills

C.ittakestoomuchtimewhichmighthavebeenspentonregularcourses

D.thepupilscanlearnnothingfromcomputer-assistedinstruction

問題4選項

A.computerskillscontributenotingtoapropereducation

B.computerteachingisanindispensablepartofaneducation