考研考博-英語-吉林城市職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-吉林城市職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Whenevertwoormoreunusualtraitsorsituationsarefoundinthesameplace,itistemptingtolookformorethanacoincidentalrelationshipbetweenthem.ThehighHimalayasandtheTibetanplateaucertainlyhaveextraordinaryphysicalcharacteristicsandthecultureswhicharefoundtherearealsounusual,thoughnotunique.HoweverthereisnointentionofadoptingMontesquieuviewofclimateandsoilasculturaldeterminants.Theecologyofaregionmerelyposessomeoftheproblemsfacedbytheinhabitantsoftheregion,andwhiletheproblemsfacingacultureareimportanttoitsdevelopment,theydonotdetermineit.

TheappearanceoftheHimalayasduringthelateTertiaryPeriodandtheaccompanyingfurtherraisingofthepreviouslyestablishedrageshadamarkedeffectontheclimateoftheregion.Primarily,ofcourse,itblockedtheIndianmonsoonfromreachingCentralAsiaatall.Secondarily,airandmoisturefromotherdirectionswerealsoreduced.

PriortotheraisingoftheHimalayas,thelandnowformingtheTibetanuplandshadadry,continentalclimatewithvegetationandanimallifesimilartothatofmuchoftherestoftheregiononthesameparallel,butsomewhatdifferentthanthatoftheareasfarthernorth,whichwerealreadydrier.WiththecomingoftheHimalayasandtherelativelysuddendryingoutoftheregion,therewasaseverethinningoutoftheanimalandplantpopulation.TheensuingincompletePleistoceneglaciationshadafurtherthinningeffect,butsignificantlydidnotwipeoutlifeinthearea.Thusaftertheendoftheglaciationstherewereonlyafewvarietiesoflifeextantfromtheoriginalcontinentalspecies.IsolatedbytheKunlunrangefromtheTarimbasinandTurfandepression,specieswhichhadalreadyadaptedtothedrysteppeclimate,andwouldotherwisehavebeenexpectedtoflourishinTibetan,theremainingnativefaunaandfloramultiplied.ArmanddescribestheTibetanfaunaasnothavinggreatvariety,butbeing"striking*'intheabundanceoftheparticularspeciesthatarepresent.Theplantlifeissimilarlylimitedinvariety,withsomeobserversfindingnomorethanseventyvarietiesofplantsineventherelativelyfertileEasternTibetanvalleys,withfewerthantenfoodcrops.Tibetan"tea"isamajorstaple,perhapsreplacingtheunavailablevegetables.

Thedifficultiesoflivinginanenvironmentatoncedryandcold,andpopulatedwithspeciesmoreusuallyfoundinmorehospitableclimates,aregreat.Thesedifficultiesmaywellhaveinfluencedtheunusualpolyandrous(一妻多夫制)societiestypicaloftheregion.Lattimoreseesthemaintenanceofmultiple-husbandhouseholdsasbeingpreservedfromearlierformsbytheharshconditionsoftheTibetanuplands,whichpermittednoexperimentationand"froze"thecultureswhichcamethere.Kawakita,ontheotherhand,seesthepolyandryasawayofeasilypermittingthebesthouseholdertobecometheheadhusbandregardlessofage.HisdetailedstudiesoftheBhoteavillageofTsumjedoseemtosupportthisideaofpolyandryasamethodoftalentmobilityisasituationwhereeventhebesttalentisbarelyenoughforsurvival.

Insum,thoughargumentscanbemadethatapre-existingpolyandroussystemwasstrengthenedandpreserved(insofarasithasbeen)bytherigorsoftheland,itwouldcertainlybeanoverstatementtolaycausativefactorsofanystrongernaturetotheecologicalinfluencesinthiscase.

1.Whatarethe“unusualtraitsorsituations”referredtointhefirstsentence?

2.Thepurposeofthepassageisto（

）.

3.Theauthor’sknowledgeofTibetisprobably

（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwouldprobablybethemostagreeabletoMontesquieu?

5.ThespeciesoffaunaandfloraremaininginTibetafterthePleistoceneglaciationscanproperlybecalledcontinentalbecausethey（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Patternsofanimalandplantgrowth.

B.FoodandfoodpreparationpatternsoftheuplandTibetans.

C.SocialandfamilialorganizationoftypicalTibetansociety.

D.Alloftheabove.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.analyzethepossiblecausallinksbetweenTibetanecologyandsociety

B.describethesocialorganizationoftypicalTibetanvillages

C.describeTibetanfaunaandflora

D.analyzethemysteriesofthesuddenappearanceoftheHimalayas

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.basedonfirsthandexperience

B.theresultoflifelongstudies

C.derivedfrombooksonly

D.limitedtogeologicalhistory

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Allregionshavedifferentsoilsandthus,differentcultures.

B.someregionswithsimilarclimateswillhavesimilarcultures.

C.Culturesinthesamearea,sharingsoilandclimate,willbeessentiallyidentical.

D.Theplantsofacountry,bybeingthefoodofitspeople,causethepeopletohavesimilarviewstooneanother.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.areoriginallyfoundincontinentalclimates

B.aretheonlylifeformsinTibet,whichisasbigasacontinent

C.havebeenfoundinotherpartsoftheAsiancontinent

D.arefoundinlandmassthatusedtobeaseparatecontinent

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題目提問‘第一句中提到的“不尋常的特征或情況”是什么？’根據(jù)第三段第一句“..thelandnowformingtheTibetanuplandshadadry,continentalclimatewithvegetationandanimallifesimilartothatofmuchoftherestoftheregiononthesameparallel,butsomewhatdifferentthanthatoftheareasfarthernorth,whichwerealreadydrier.青藏高原地帶是干燥的大陸性氣候，動物和植被與同緯度的相似，但是與更北的地區(qū)有些不同，那里更干燥?！笨梢酝浦狝項(xiàng)動植物生長模式‘’符合其特征。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句“Theplantlifeissimilarlylimitedinvariety,withsomeobserversfindingnomorethanseventyvarietiesofplantsineventherelativelyfertileEasternTibetanvalleys,withfewerthantenfoodcrops.Tibetan"tea"isamajorstaple,perhapsreplacingtheunavailablevegetables.這種植物的品種也同樣有限，一些觀察人士發(fā)現(xiàn)，即使是相對肥沃的東部藏谷，也不超過70種植物。只有不到10種糧食作物。藏文“茶”是主要的主食，也許可以取代不可缺少的蔬菜?！笨芍狟項(xiàng)‘高原藏人的食物和食物制作模式’符合。根據(jù)第四段中“Thesedifficultiesmaywellhaveinfluencedtheunusualpolyandroussocietiestypicaloftheregion.這些困難肯定對當(dāng)?shù)睾髞聿煌瑢こ５囊黄薅喾蛑频某霈F(xiàn)產(chǎn)生了影響”可知，可知C選項(xiàng)‘典型的藏族社會家庭組織’符合。所以ABC選項(xiàng)都談及到了這種不尋常的特征，所以D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.主旨大意題。題目提問‘這篇文章的目的是什么？’文章第一段最后一句‘Theecologyofaregionmerelyposessomeoftheproblemsfacedbytheinhabitantsoftheregion,andwhiletheproblemsfacingacultureareimportanttoitsdevelopment,theydonotdetermineit.一個(gè)地區(qū)的生態(tài)只造成該地區(qū)居民所面臨的一些問題，而一種文化所面臨的問題雖然對其發(fā)展很重要，但并不能決定它的發(fā)展?！赋錾鷳B(tài)會影響但不決定人文風(fēng)氣。最后一段尾句“Insum,thoughargumentscanbemadethatapre-existingpolyandroussystemwasstrengthenedandpreserved(insofarasithasbeen)bytherigorsoftheland,itwouldcertainlybeanoverstatementtolaycausativefactorsofanystrongernaturetotheecologicalinfluencesinthiscase.總而言之，盡管可以提出論點(diǎn)說，由于土地的嚴(yán)酷條件，已經(jīng)存在的一妻多夫制得到了加強(qiáng)和保護(hù)(就目前而言)，但在這種情況下，把任何性質(zhì)更強(qiáng)的原因因素都?xì)w罪于生態(tài)影響，那肯定是言過其實(shí)了?！闭劶爱?dāng)?shù)匾黄薅喾蛑频纳鐣M織結(jié)構(gòu)可能受到生態(tài)該環(huán)境的影響。因此，可推知A選項(xiàng)“分析青藏地區(qū)生態(tài)和社會之間的可能因果聯(lián)系”正確。

3.推理判斷題。題目提問‘作者對西藏的了解可能是什么？’本文并未談及作者自己的經(jīng)歷和研究，而是分別引述了Montesquieu’sview和Armand的描述，以及Lattimore和Kawakita的觀點(diǎn)，因此，作者對青藏高原的了解是C選項(xiàng)‘源于書本’。

推理判斷題。題目提問‘根據(jù)文章，下列哪項(xiàng)最可能是Montesquieu同意的？’文章第一段介紹了青藏高原的地理特征和文化，然后提出“HoweverthereisnointentionofadoptingMontesquieuviewofclimateandsoilasculturaldeterminants.然而，不打算采用孟德斯鳩關(guān)于氣候和土壤的觀點(diǎn)作為文化決定因素?！币虼耍梢酝浦系滤锅F是環(huán)境決定論支持者，即外部環(huán)境決定人文風(fēng)氣’，C選項(xiàng)“在共享土地和氣候的同一個(gè)地方，文化基本上是相同的”符合他的觀點(diǎn)。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目提問‘更新世冰蝕以后，仍然存在于西藏的動植物群可以成為大陸性的動植物群，是因?yàn)槭裁?？’根?jù)第三段中“Thusaftertheendoftheglaciationstherewereonlyafewvarietiesoflifeextantfromtheoriginalcontinentalspecies.因此，在冰川期結(jié)束后，原始大陸物種中僅存少數(shù)種類的生物?！彼裕鼈儽环Q為大陸性動植物群是因?yàn)锳選項(xiàng)‘它們原來是在大陸性氣候中被發(fā)現(xiàn)的’。

2.單選題

Herinterestinredecoratingthebighousekepther（

）forawholeweek.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.constrained

B.dominated

C.restricted

D.occupied

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。constrained“被強(qiáng)迫的”；dominated“占主導(dǎo)地位的”；restricted“受限制的’；occupied“使用中的；無空閑的”。句意：她熱衷于給這個(gè)大房子重新裝修，為此她會忙碌整個(gè)星期。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.單選題

Eventoday,whenairandroadtravelhasmadeAfricasoreadilyaccessibletoEuropeansandAmericans,thereareinnumerableaspectsofAfricanlifewhichtendtotakeonebysurprise.Theunfamiliarlieshiddeneverywhere,andthepresenceofWesterncultureseemsmerelytoemphasizethisunfamiliarity.Basically,theessenceofourreac?tiontothestrange,theunfamiliar,isasenseoffear.Everycountrycontainslandscapesthatarouseunease—whetheritbesomeremoteAlpinevalley,thewildlavenderfieldsofUpperProvince,oralonelyNorwegianfjordattwilight.ButinmyownexperienceWestAfricacontainsmoreweirdandeerieregions—rain-forest,mangroveswamp,parchedplainsofredearth—thananyotherplacethatIhaveseen.Itisnotonlyintheforeignerthattheselandscapesevokefear.AlargepartofalloldAfricanreligionsisdevotedtosoothingtheunknownandtheunseen—evilspiritswhichliveinaparticulartreeoraparticularrock,athousandvarietiesofghostsandwitches,theever-presentspiritsofdeadancestorsorrelatives.IhavemyselfbeenkeptawakeatnightinCalabarbyafriendfromLagoswhowascon?vincedthatthewitchesoftheeastwereouttogethim,orthathewasabouttobekidnappedandeaten.DuringfourandahalfhoursinacanoealongthecreeksoftheNigerdella,glidingoverthestillandcolorlesswaterbeneathanequallystillandcolorlessbutburningsky,I,too,haveexperiencedasenseoffear,oratleastasenseofawe.Ex?ceptforthetickingofthelittleoutboardenginethesilencewascomplete.Oneitherhandstretchedthesilver-whiteswampsofmangrove,seeming,withtheirawkwardexposedroots,tobestandingknee-deepinthewater.Wherethecreeknarrowedyoucouldpeerdeepintothesethicketsofmangroves—vistassecret,interminableandsomehowmeaningless.Therewasnosignoflifeexceptfortheshrillscreechofsomeunseenbird.

IwasonmywaytotheancientslavingportofBonny,whichwereachedinlateafternoon.Scramblingupsomederelictstonesteps(slitherywithslimeandwhichhadmanagedtodetachthemselvesfromthelanding-stagesothatyouhadtojumpatwo-footgaptoreachwetland),1foundmyselfinanareaofblackmudandtumbledblocksofstone.

1.TherearefeaturesofWesternculturewhicharepresentinWestAfrica（）.

2.AlotoftheoldAfricanreligionhastodowith（）

3.Theauthorwaskeptawakeby（）.

4.“Mangrove”means（）

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ThisfactmakesiteasiertoaccepttheunfamiliarityofWestAfrica,

B.ThisfactmakesWestAfricaseemevenstranger.

C.ThisfactmakesnodifferencetoourreactiontoWestAfrica.

D.Thisfacthasbeengreatlyoveremphasized.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.kidnappingpeople

B.keepingthespiritsawake

C.humansacrifice

D.keepingthespiritshappy

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.aghost

B.hisfriend

C.thewitches

D.eeriefeelings

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.asortofbird

B.asortofman

C.asortoftree

D.asortofanimal

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第一段第二句，“thepresenceofWesterncultureseemsmerelytoemphasizethisunfamiliarity”，推斷出西非文化似乎表現(xiàn)出得更加陌生，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.根據(jù)文章第一段第七句，“tosoothingtheunknownandtheunseen—evilspirits”，可推斷一些宗教是為了撫慰那些未知的死去的靈魂。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.根據(jù)文章第一段，“IhavemyselfbeenkeptawakeatnightinCalabarbyafriendfromLagos”，可推斷我是因?yàn)榕笥讯荒苋胨?。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.根據(jù)文章第一段，“withtheirawkwardexposedroots,tobestandingknee-deepinthewater.”句意：它們的根暴露出來，站立在齊膝深的水中。可推斷出mangrove應(yīng)該是一種樹，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.單選題

Intoday'sworld,insuranceplaysavitalroleintheeconomicandsocialwelfareoftheentirepopulation.Thewishtoguardagainstdangerstolifeandpropertyisbasictohumannature.Byusingvariouskindsofinsurance,societyhasbeenabletoreducetheeffectsofsuchhazards.

Nowhereisinsurancemoreimportantthaninthemanagementofabusiness.Inmanyinstanceslossesinasmallfirmcanmeanthedifferencebetweengrowthandfailure,vitalityandstagnation.Veryfewsmallbusinesseshaveevenaportionofthefinancialsourcesavailabletolargerenterprises.Frequentlytheymustoperateonaveryslightmarginiftheyhopetostayinbusiness.Andthus,theyareparticularlysensitivetounexpectedlosses.

Withoutenoughinsurance,whathappenstosuchafirmwhentheownerdiesorissuddenlydisabled?Whenafirebreaksoutanddestroysthefirm’sbuildingorstock?Whenanemployeeisfoundtohavestolencompanyfunds?Whenacustomerisawardedaliabilityjudgmentforanaccident?Toooften,thebusinessisforcedtothewall;itsfutureoperationsdrasticallycurbed;sometimes,itisdamagedbeyondrepair;itsabilitytocontinuecompletelycrushed.

Almostalways,asmallbusinessmanwouldfinditimpossibletohandlethefullburdenofhispotentialrisk.Theamountofmoneyhewouldhavetosetasidetocoverpossiblelosseswouldleavehimnothingoralmostnothingtorunhisbusinesswith.Iflossesweretooccurwhichhecouldrepairbyusinghisreservefund,whatassurancewouldhehavethatanotherloss-thesamekindordifferent——mightnotoccurnextweek,nextmonth?Butthenhewouldhavenoreservefundandlittlelikelihoodofstayinginbusinessatall.

1.Thisselectiondealsmainlywith（

）.

2.InParagraph3,“forcedtothewall”means“（

）.

3.Theauthorthinksthat

（

）.

4.AdequateinsurancewilldoallofthefollowingEXCEPTthatitwill

（

）.

5.Theword“curbed”inParagraph3isnearestinmeaningto（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.therelationbetweeninsuranceandsociety

B.accidentsandlosses

C.businessfailures

D.theimportanceofinsurancetobusiness

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.driventodespair

B.stayinginastrongposition

C.doingwell

D.climbingup

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.accidentsalwayshappen

B.abusinessmanshouldtakerisk

C.businessesshouldhaveadequateinsurance

D.insuranceisasocialwelfareproject

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.freesomebusinessfunds

B.addtobenefitsforemployees

C.relievesomemanagementproblems

D.provideforunexpectedincidents

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.checked

B.advanced

C.expanded

D.disturbed

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。文章開篇就提到保險(xiǎn)在整個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會福利中起著至關(guān)重要的作用，第二段講述了保險(xiǎn)在企業(yè)管理中是最重要的，第三、四段講述了沒有足夠保險(xiǎn)的企業(yè)會面臨怎樣的后果。因此D選項(xiàng)“保險(xiǎn)對企業(yè)的重要性”符合題意。

第2題:詞義題。driventodespair意為“陷入絕望”；stayinginastrongposition意為“保持強(qiáng)勢”；doingwell意為“經(jīng)營盈利”；climbingup意為“上升”。由后面的itisdamagedbeyondrepair;itsabilitytocontinuecompletelycrushed可知前面表示不好的結(jié)果，因此選A。

第3題:觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。文章主要講述了保險(xiǎn)對企業(yè)的重要性，因此C選項(xiàng)“企業(yè)應(yīng)該有足夠的保險(xiǎn)”符合作者的觀點(diǎn)。

第4題:推理判斷題。文章第三四段提到了如果沒有足夠的保險(xiǎn)，那么企業(yè)將遇到資金、意外事故、管理方面等問題，沒有提到會增加員工福利，因此選B。

第5題:詞義題。checked意為“選定的，有方格圖案的”；advanced意為“先進(jìn)的”；expanded意為“擴(kuò)大的”；disturbed意為“擾亂的，心理失常的”。由前面的thebusinessisforcedtothewall可知此處表示不好的結(jié)果，itsfutureoperationsdrasticallycurbed（它未來的運(yùn)營受到了極大的……），因此選D。

5.單選題

Aninterestingtheoryineconomicsis（1）bytheHeadManofasmallmountaintribe.Itseemsthatthistribewasverygoodatmakingstrawmatsthathadgreatsales

（2）

inthe

（3）

market.TherepresentativeofanAmericancompanywenttovisitthetribeandtriedtomakeagoodbusinessdeal.He

（4）

totheHeadManand

（5）

thathiscompanywouldliketo

（6）

severalthousandpieces.

Undoubtedly,hesaid,thebusiness

（7）

wouldbe

（8）

tothetribe.Aftersomethoughts,theHeadMan

（9）

,butannouncedthatthepriceperpiecewouldbe

（10）

insucha

（11）

orderthanitwouldbeif

（12）

asmallorderwereplaced.Therepresentativewas

（13）

thanalittleshocked

（14）

thebusinesssenseoftheHeadMan,

（15）

insistedthatthepriceshouldbe

（16）becauseofthelargevolume,and

（17）

nothigher.No,repliedtheheadofthetribe

（18）

.Butwhynot?askedtheAmerican.Because

（19）

issotiresometomakethe

（20）

articleoverandover,answeredtheHeadMan.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.illustrated

B.appreciated

C.demonstrated

D.anticipated

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.capacity

B.potential

C.ability

D.fortune

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.straw

B.global

C.world

D.earth

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.addressed

B.spoke

C.asked

D.told

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.declared

B.confirmed

C.demanded

D.gestured

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.order

B.sell

C.dispose

D.make

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.treaty

B.pact

C.matter

D.deal

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.effective

B.efficient

C.valuable

D.profitable

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.agreed

B.accepted

C.refused

D.received

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.lower

B.higher

C.expensive

D.cheaper

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.small

B.big

C.vast

D.high

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.certainly

B.really

C.only

D.simply

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.greater

B.stronger

C.less

D.more

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.from

B.of

C.at

D.since

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.who

B.and

C.then

D.therefore

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.lower

B.higher

C.little

D.raised

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.never

B.really

C.certainly

D.yet

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.weakly

B.happily

C.stubbornly

D.hesitatingly

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.he

B.it

C.what

D.work

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.similar

B.beautiful

C.alike

D.same

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:A

第7題:D

第8題:D

第9題:A

第10題:B

第11題:B

第12題:C

第13題:D

第14題:C

第15題:C

第16題:A

第17題:C

第18題:C

第19題:B

第20題:D

【解析】（1）動詞辨析題。illustrate舉例說明，闡述；appreciate欣賞，感激；demonstrate展示，證明；anticipate預(yù)料，預(yù)期。句意：一個(gè)小山村部落的首領(lǐng)一個(gè)有趣的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)理論。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“theory”可知選項(xiàng)C“證實(shí)....理論”最為恰當(dāng)。

（2）近義詞辨析題。capacity能力；potential潛力；ability能耐；fortune財(cái)富，運(yùn)氣。根據(jù)下文“一家美國公司的代表去拜訪這個(gè)部落，試圖達(dá)成一筆好生意?！闭f明這些草席是有銷售潛力的，所以選項(xiàng)B更恰當(dāng)。

（3）考查固定用法。worldmarket為固定用法，表示“國際市場，世界市場”。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

（4）近義詞辨析題。根據(jù)句意可知，這里是想表達(dá)美國公司的代表對部落首領(lǐng)說....。選項(xiàng)A太正式，一般用于書信表達(dá)；選項(xiàng)C意為請求，要求；選項(xiàng)D后面直接接sb.，不用介詞to，所以只有選項(xiàng)B正確。

（5）動詞辨析題。declared宣稱，斷言；confirmed證實(shí)，批準(zhǔn)；demanded要求；gestured做手勢。根據(jù)下文可知，這里指宣稱他的公司將要訂購幾千個(gè)草席這件事件，所以選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

（6）動詞辨析題。order訂購；sell售賣；dispose處理；make制造。根據(jù)上文可知，這里是訂購草席，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

（7）考查固定搭配。businessdeal為固定搭配，意為“交易，生意”。選項(xiàng)D正確。

（8）形容詞辨析題。effective有效的；efficient有效率的；valuable有價(jià)值的；profitable有利可圖的。根據(jù)原文可知，這里涉及到達(dá)成交易，所以對于部落來說應(yīng)該是有利可圖的，所以選項(xiàng)D符合語境。

（9）上下文推斷。根據(jù)下文“butannouncedthat...”可知，說明首領(lǐng)同意達(dá)成這筆交易，但是有一個(gè)條件。所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

（10）上下文推斷。根據(jù)下文的“shocked”可知，這里提出來的條件應(yīng)該是不合理的。所以填空處應(yīng)表示價(jià)格高，再根據(jù)后面的than可知，這里應(yīng)填入比較級，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

（11）上下文推斷。根據(jù)下文“than...asmallorder”可知，相對于小訂單來說，這里應(yīng)該是大筆的訂單，兩者形成比較。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

（12）副詞辨析題。根據(jù)句意：如果僅僅只是下小訂單的話，那么大筆訂單中每件的價(jià)格要更高。選項(xiàng)C和D都有“僅僅”的意思，但simply強(qiáng)調(diào)簡單，所以選項(xiàng)C更恰當(dāng)。

（13）考查固定用法?！癿orethanalittle”為固定用法，意為“十分，非常”。選項(xiàng)D正確。

（14）考查固定搭配?！癰eshockedat”為固定搭配，意為“對…感到震驚”。選項(xiàng)C正確。

（15）考查邏輯連詞。根據(jù)原文可知，美國公司的代表先是感到震驚，然后堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為價(jià)格應(yīng)該更低。選項(xiàng)C更符合語境。

（16）上下文推斷。上文提到，部落首領(lǐng)認(rèn)為大訂單的單價(jià)要高于小訂單的單價(jià)，美國公司的代表感到震驚，顯然是覺得這個(gè)價(jià)格不合理，他覺得大訂單的單價(jià)要低于小訂單的單價(jià)，所以這里應(yīng)填入“l(fā)ower”，選項(xiàng)A正確。

（17）副詞辨析題。never從未，絕不；really真正地；certainly當(dāng)然，必定；yet還，已經(jīng)。根據(jù)句意：因?yàn)閿?shù)量大，當(dāng)然價(jià)格不能更高。所以選項(xiàng)C符合語境。

（18）副詞辨析題。weakly虛弱地，無力地；happily快樂地；stubbornly固執(zhí)地；hesitatingly踟躇地。根據(jù)首領(lǐng)的回答“No”可知，他固執(zhí)的拒絕了，選項(xiàng)C符合語境。

（19）考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句真正的主語是后面的不定式，所以填空處應(yīng)填入it做形式主語。選項(xiàng)B正確。

（20）詞組辨析題。similar和alike都表示相似的；same相同的；根據(jù)下文“overandover重復(fù)，一遍又一遍”可知，這里指重復(fù)做同樣的事情，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

6.單選題

Themostimportantpartsofthecollectionareinaccessibletoscholar.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.notuseful

B.notattractive

C.notclear

D.notavailable

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。inaccessible表示“難接近的，難達(dá)到的”；A項(xiàng)notuseful“沒有用的”，B項(xiàng)notattractive“不吸引人的”，C項(xiàng)notclear“不清楚的”，D項(xiàng)notavailable“難以獲得的，不能利用的”。句意：學(xué)者們無法看到收藏的最重要的部分。因此D項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Fortunetellersaregoodatmaking（

）statementssuchas“Yoursorrowswillchange”.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.philosophical

B.literal

C.ambiguous

D.invalid

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。philosophical意為“哲學(xué)上的”；literal意為“字面的”；ambiguous意為“含糊的，不明確的”；invalid意為“無效的”。

句意：算命先生擅長發(fā)表諸如“你的悲傷會改變”這樣的模糊的陳述。

8.單選題

Historybeforetheemergenceofwritingaround3,000B.C.receivesbrieftreatment,（）itconstitutes99.9%ofthefive-million-yearhistoryofthehumanspecies.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.because

B.although

C.that

D.when

【答案】B

【解析】語法題?？崭袂熬涮岬綍鴮懹诠?000年左右的歷史知識得到了簡短的稱述，空格后句提到這個(gè)時(shí)間的歷史構(gòu)成了人類500萬年歷史的99.9%，所以前后兩句是讓步關(guān)系，選用讓步連詞although，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

9.單選題

Alltherows,alltheethicalproblemsandallthemoneyspentinpursuingthehumancodeforlifewillhavebeenwellworthitifitfulfilsevensomeofitsmedicalpromise.

Thepotentialprizescertainlyglitter.Inthefarfuture,itmaybepossibletopreventgeneticdiseasesfrombeinginheritedbycuttingthemoutofthegenepoolonceandforall,so-calledgeneengineering.Atthenearerendofthetimescale,genetictestsareallowingpeopletochoosesuitabletherapiesandlifestylestobeatdisease.Andinbetween,liefurthertantalizingprospects:thousandsofnewdrugsforpreviouslyuntreatablediseases;drugstailoredtoindividuals,sowithfarfewersideeffects,theabilitytoreplacefaultygenes,short-circuitingdiseasesatsource.

Buttheworkofturningthebasepairdataintothegoldofnewtreatmentshasalreadybegun,accordingtoDr.FrancisCollins,headoftheUSNationalHumanGenomeResearchinstitute.Ikeepatallyofthegenesthatareresponsibleforhumandiseasesthatareidentifiedoverthecourseofyear.Inagoodyear,intimesgoneby,theremighthavebeentwoorthree.Lastyear,therehavebeen29discovered.

Privatecompanieshavealsocombedthedatatofindgenesthatplayrolesindiabetes,asthma,psoriasisandmigraines.ThemostextremesuggesteduseforthehumangenomedataiseditingtheDNAinheritancepasseddownfromonegenerationtothenext.Suchascenarioinvolvesidentifyinganabnormalgeneandthencorrectingitinthecellswhichareusedtopassgeneticinformationtooffspring.Nosubsequentgenerationwouldthenbeaffectedbytheirancestors’genedefect.However,suchirreversibleinterventiongenerationwouldthenbeaffectedbytheirancestors’genedefect.However,suchirreversibleinterventionwiththecodeforlifewillonlybeallowedaftermajorethicalreservationsandsafetyconcernsoverpossibleunexpectedresultsofthechangesareaddressed.

Thereislittledoubtthattherevelationofhumangenomewillbenefithealthcareintheshortandlongterm.Butmanyofthetreatmentswillbeexpensiveandwilldonothingtoavoidthedamagecausedbyviralandbacterialdiseases.IthasbeensuggestedthatabravenewworldawaitsusinwhichallailmentscanbemonitoredfromadailymouthswabinsertedintoaDNAreaderinourbathroomcabinets.ButDr.IanPurvissays,“Itcouldbethatlike,alongtimeinthefuture,butthatisbasedontheratherarrogantviewhumanityhasthatitwillunderstandeverythingwefind—andweneverhaveinthepast.”

1.Bysayingthatthe“potentialprizescertainlyglitter”,theauthormeansthat______.

2.Thechiefpurposeofgeneengineeringisto______.

3.Fromthefirstsentenceofthethirdparagraphwelearnthat______.

4.Theauthorwarnsthatintryingtoalterhumangenes,specialattentionshouldbepaidto______.

5.AccordingtoDr.Purvis,humanbeings______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pursuingthehumancodeforlifecertainlyprovokesmuchdebate

B.geneengineeringfailstofulfilsomeofitsmedicalpromises

C.geneengineeringwillcertainlyprovetobeafruitfulresearch

D.potentialprizesforgeneresearchhaveactuallyprovedtobesmall

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.developdrugssuitedtoeachindividualwithfewersideeffects

B.preventfaultygenesfrompassingontothenextgeneration

C.developdrugsforpreviouslyuntreatablediseases

D.workoutthebesttherapyfortheterminallyill

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.actu