考研考博-英語(yǔ)-吉林師范大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-吉林師范大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.寫(xiě)作題

Directions:Writeashortessayofabout300wordsonthefollowingtopic.Doremembertoprovideatitleforyouressay.WriteyouressayontheANSWERSHEET.

Somepeoplebelievethatthebestwayoflearningaboutlifeisbylisteningtotheadviceoffamilyandfriends.Otherpeoplebelievethebestwayisthroughpersonalexperience.

Comparetheadvantagesofthesetwodifferentways.Whichdoyouthinkispreferable?Usespecificexamplestosupportyourpreference.

【答案】略

2.單選題

Withthesevereshortageofenergysupply,wearefacingthe（）ofaveryhardwinter.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.expectation

B.prospect

C.promise

D.damage

【答案】B

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。expectation“預(yù)料”;prospect“前景”；promise“承諾”;damage“毀壞”。句意：因?yàn)槟茉垂?yīng)的嚴(yán)重短缺，我們將面臨一個(gè)艱難的冬天。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.單選題

Ithasbeenknownformanydecadesthattheappearanceofsunspotsisroughlyperiodic,withanaveragecycleofelevenyears.Moreover,theincidenceofsolarflaresandthefluxofsolarcosmicrays,ultravioletradiation,andX-radiationallvarydirectlywiththesunspotcycle.Butaftermorethanacenturyofinvestigation,therelationoftheseandotherphenomena,knowncollectivelyasthesolar-activitycycle,toterrestrialweatherandclimateremainsunclear.Forexample,thesunspotcycleandthealliedmagnetic-polaritycyclehavebeenlinkedtoperiodicitiesdiscernedinrecordsofsuchvariablesasrainfall,temperature,andwinds.Invariably,however,therelationisweak,andcommonlyofdubiousstatisticalsignificance.

Effectsofsolarvariabilityoverlongertermshavealsobeensought.TheabsenceofrecordedsunspotactivityinthenoteskeptbyEuropeanobserversinthelateseventeenthandearlyeighteenthcenturieshasledsomescholarstopostulateabriefcessationofsunspotactivityatthattime(aperiodcalledtheMaunderminimum).TheMaunderminimumhasbeenlinkedtoaspanofunusualcoldinEuropeextendingfromthesixteenthtotheearlynineteenthCenturies.TherealityoftheMaunderminimumhasyettobeestablished,howeverespeciallysincetherecordsthatChinesenaked-eyeobserversofsolaractivitymadeatthattimeappeartocontradictit.Scientistshavealsosoughtevidenceoflong-termsolarperiodicitiesbyexaminingindirectclimatologicaldata,suchasfossilrecordsofthethicknessofancienttreerings.Thesestudies,however,failedtolinkunequivocallyterrestrialclimateandthesolar-activitycycleoreventoconfirmthecycle’spastexistence.

Ifconsistantandreliablegeologicalorarchaeologicalandclimatologicalevidencetracingthesolar-activitycycleinthedistantpastcouldbefound,itmightalsoresolveanimportantissueinsolarphysics:howtomodelsolaractivity.Currently,therearetwomodelsofsolaractivity.ThefirstsupposesthattheSun’sinternalmotions(causedbyrotationandconvection)interactwithitslarge-scalemagneticfieldtoproduceadynamo,adeviceinwhichmechanicalenergyisconvertedintotheenergyofamagneticfield.Inshort,theSun’slarge-scalemagneticfieldistakentobeself-sustaining,sothatthesolar-activitycycleitdrivesfromwouldbemaintainedwithlittleoverallchangeforperhapsbillionsofyears.ThealternativeexplanationsupposesthattheSun’slarge-scalemagneticfieldisaremnantofthefieldtheSunacquiredwhenitformed,andisnotsustainedagainstdecay.Inthismodel,thesolarmechanismdependentontheSun’smagneticfieldrunsdownmorequickly.Thus,thecharacteristicsofthesolar-activitycyclewouldbeexpectedtochangeoveralongperiodoftime.Modemsolarobservationsspantooshortatimetorevealwhetherpresentcyclicalsolar-activityisalong-livedfeatureoftheSun,ormerelyatransientphenomenon.

1.Theauthorfocusesprimarilyon（

）.

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthetwomodelsofsolaractivityisaccurate?

3.Accordingtothepassage,lateseventeenth-andearlyeighteenth-centuryChineserecordsareimportantforwhichofthefollowingreasons?

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheargumentinfavorofthefirstmodelwouldbestrengthenedifwhichofthefollowingwerefoundtobetrue?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.presentingtwocompetingscientifictheoriesconcerningsolaractivityandevaluatinggeologicalevidenceoftencitedtosupportthem

B.givingabriefoverviewofsomerecentscientificdevelopmentsinsolarphysicsandassessingtheirimpactonfutureclimatologicalresearch

C.discussingthedifficultiesinvolvedinlinkingterrestrialphenomenawithsolaractivityandindicatinghowresolvingthatissuecouldhaveanimpactonourunderstandingofsolarphysics

D.outlinethespecificreasonswhyaprobleminsolarphysicshasnotyetbeensolvedandfaultingtheoverlytheoreticalapproachofmodernphysicists

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Inbothmodelscyclicalsolaractivityisregardedasalong-livedfeatureoftheSun,persistingwithlittlechangeoverbillionsofyears.

B.Tobothmodelsthesolar-activitycycleishypothesizedasbeingdependentonthelarge-scalesolarmagneticfield.

C.ToonemodeltheSun'smagneticfieldisthoughttoplayaroleincausingsolaractivity,whereasintheothermodelitisnot.

D.Inonemodelsolaractivityispresumedtobeunrelatedtoterrestrialphenomena,whereasintheothermodelsolaractivityisthoughttohaveobservableeffectsontheEarth.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.TheysuggestthatthedataonwhichtheMaunderminimumwaspredicatedwereincorrect.

B.TheysuggestthattheMaunderminimummightbevalidonlyforEurope.

C.Theyestablishtheexistenceofaspanofunusuallycoldweatherworldwideatthetimeofthefounderminimum.

D.TheyestablishthatsolaractivityatthetimeoftheMaunderminimumdidnotsignificantlyvaryfromitspresentpattern.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Episodesofintensevolcaniceruptionsinthedistainpastoccurredincycleshavingverylongperiodicities.

B.Atthepresenttimethegloballevelofthunderstormactivityincreasesanddecreasesincycleswithperiodicitiesofapproximately11years.

C.Inthelastcenturythelengthofthesunspotcyclehasbeenknowntovarybyasmuchas2yearsfromitsaverageperiodicityof11years.

D.Hundredsofmillionsofyearsago,solar-activitycyclesdisplayedthesameperiodicitiesasdopresent-daysolar-activitycycles.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。A選項(xiàng)“指出有關(guān)太陽(yáng)活動(dòng)的兩種相對(duì)的科學(xué)理論并對(duì)其各自的地質(zhì)依據(jù)進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)”，B選項(xiàng)“簡(jiǎn)要概述近期科學(xué)在太陽(yáng)物理學(xué)方面的發(fā)展并且就他們對(duì)未來(lái)氣候研究的影響做出評(píng)價(jià)”，C選項(xiàng)“討論將地球上的各種現(xiàn)象與太陽(yáng)活動(dòng)聯(lián)系起來(lái)的困難性并指出問(wèn)題的解決方法影響著我們對(duì)太陽(yáng)物理活動(dòng)的理解”，D選項(xiàng)“概述有關(guān)太陽(yáng)物理的問(wèn)題之所以一直沒(méi)解決的原因并且對(duì)現(xiàn)代物理學(xué)家過(guò)度理論化的方法進(jìn)行指責(zé)”，根據(jù)文章大意可以推斷出C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。文章對(duì)太陽(yáng)活動(dòng)的兩種模式的介紹主要集中在文章的第三段。根據(jù)第三段中的“Inshort,theSun’slarge-scalemagneticfieldistakentobeself-sustaining,sothatthesolar-activitycycleitdriveswouldbemaintainedwithlittleoverallchangeforperhapsbillionsofyears.”“簡(jiǎn)而言之，太陽(yáng)大范圍的磁場(chǎng)是自給自足的，因此與之相關(guān)的太陽(yáng)活動(dòng)周期將會(huì)在幾十億年內(nèi)維持基本不變”可知在第一種模式中，太陽(yáng)活動(dòng)的周期是與太陽(yáng)大范圍的磁場(chǎng)相關(guān)的并且太陽(yáng)活動(dòng)周期是可以長(zhǎng)期維持基本不變的。根據(jù)第三段中的“Inthismodel,thesolarmechanismdependentontheSun’smagneticfieldrunsdownmorequickly.Thus,thecharacteristicsofthesolar-activitycyclewouldbeexpectedtochangeoveralongperiodoftime.”“在這種模式中，與太陽(yáng)磁場(chǎng)相關(guān)的太陽(yáng)機(jī)制變化更快，因此，太陽(yáng)活動(dòng)周期的特點(diǎn)也會(huì)在很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間后有所變化”可知在第二種模式中太陽(yáng)活動(dòng)的周期也是和太陽(yáng)磁場(chǎng)相關(guān)的，但是太陽(yáng)活動(dòng)周期是會(huì)有所變化的。所以A選項(xiàng)‘在這兩個(gè)模型中，周期性的太陽(yáng)活動(dòng)被認(rèn)為是太陽(yáng)的一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期特征，在數(shù)十億年的時(shí)間里幾乎沒(méi)有變化?！虲選項(xiàng)‘在一個(gè)模型中，太陽(yáng)磁場(chǎng)被認(rèn)為是導(dǎo)致太陽(yáng)活動(dòng)的一個(gè)因素，而在另一個(gè)模型中則不是?！礤e(cuò)誤，D選項(xiàng)文章中沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)，所以B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“TherealityoftheMaunderminimumhasyettobeestablished,howeverespeciallysincetherecordsthatChinesenaked-eyeobserversofsolaractivitymadeatthattimeappeartocontradictit.”“太陽(yáng)活動(dòng)極小期的真實(shí)性還有待考證，特別是中國(guó)當(dāng)時(shí)肉眼觀察到的太陽(yáng)活動(dòng)的記錄又與其相矛盾”確定A選項(xiàng)‘他們認(rèn)為,蒙德極小期的數(shù)據(jù)是建立不正確的?！项}意。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Inshort,theSun’slarge-scalemagneticfieldistakentobeself-sustaining,sothatthesolar-activitycycleitdriveswouldbemaintainedwithlittleoverallchangeforperhapsbillionsofyears.”“簡(jiǎn)而言之，太陽(yáng)大范圍的磁場(chǎng)是自給自足的，因此與之相關(guān)的太陽(yáng)活動(dòng)周期將會(huì)在幾十億年內(nèi)維持基本不變”確定D選項(xiàng)“數(shù)億年前太陽(yáng)活動(dòng)的周期性特征和如今太陽(yáng)活動(dòng)的周期性相同”是對(duì)第一種模式的支持。

4.單選題

Questions22to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ItisnowthebiggestandbusiestairportinEurope.

B.ItistheworstmanagedairportinGermanhistory.

C.IthasbecomeatypicalsymbolofGermanefficiency.

D.IthasbecomesomethingofajokeamongGermans.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thecitywantedtoattractmoretourists.

B.Thecitywantedtoboostitseconomy.

C.Thecityhadjustbeenreunified.

D.Thecity’sairportareoutdated.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Problemsofdifferentkindskeptpoppingup.

B.Shortageoffundingdelayeditsconstruction.

C.Theconstructionfirmbreachedthecontract.

D.Themunicipalgovernmentkeptchanginghands.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Complaintsbylocalresidentsincrease.

B.Hugemaintenancecostsaccumulate.

C.Allkindsofequipmentgetsrusted.

D.TourismindustryinBerlinsuffers.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

【解析】RecordingThree

TodayI’mgoingtotalkaboutGermany’sdreamairportinBerlin.TheairportlooksexactlylikeeveryothermajormodernairportinEurope,exceptforonebigproblem:morethansevenyearsafteritwasoriginallysupposedtoopen,itstillstandsempty.Germanyisknownforitsefficiencyandrefinedengineering,butwhenitcomestoitsnewghostairportthisreputationcouldnotbefurtherfromthetruth.Plaguedbylongdelays,perpetualmismanagementandever-soaringcosts,[22]theairporthasbecomesomethingofajokeamongGermans—andasourceoffrustrationforlocalpoliticians,businessleadersandresidentsalike.

Planningforthenewairportbeganin1989.Atthetime,itbecameclearthat[23]thenewly-reunifiedBerlinwouldneedamodernairportwithfargreatercapacitythanitsexistingairports.Thecitybrokegroundonthenewairportin2006.Thefirstmajorsignofproblemscameinsummer2010,whentheconstructioncorporationpushedtheopeningfromOctober2011toJune2012.In2012,thecityplannedanopeningceremonybutlessthanamonthbeforehand,inspectorsfoundsignificantproblemswiththefiresafetysystemandpushedtheopeningbackagainto2013.

Itwasn’tjustthesmokesystem:[24]manyothermajorproblemssubsequentlyemerged.Morethan90metresofcablewereincorrectlyinstalled;4,000doorswerewronglynumbered;escalatorsweretooshort,andtherewasashortageofcheck-indesks.

Sowhy,withsomanyproblemsdiscovered,didn’ttheairportcorporationdecidetogiveupontheprojectandstartover?Thereasonissimple:peopleareoftenhesitanttoterminateaprojectwhenthey’vealreadyinvestedtimeorresourcesintoit,evenifitmightmakelogicalsensetodoso.

Thelongerthedelayscontinued,themoreproblemsinspectorsfound.Leadershipoftheplanningcorporationhaschangedhandsnearlyasmanytimesastheopeningdatehasbeenpushedback.Initially,ratherthanappointingageneralcontractortoruntheproject,thecorporationdecidedtomanageitthemselvesdespitelackofexperiencewithanundertakingofthatscale.

Tocompoundthedelays,[25]theunusedairportisresultinginmassivecosts.Everymonthitremainsunopenedcostsbetween9and10millioneuros.

Assumingallgoeswell,theairportshouldopeninOctober2020.Butthestill-emptyairportstandsasthebiggestembarrassmenttoGermany’sreputationforefficiency—andacontinuingdrainoncityandstateresources.

22.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutthedreamairportinBerlin?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)說(shuō)話(huà)者如何評(píng)價(jià)柏林的夢(mèng)想機(jī)場(chǎng)？說(shuō)話(huà)者提到該機(jī)場(chǎng)成了德國(guó)人的笑話(huà)，因此D選項(xiàng)“這在德國(guó)人中成了一個(gè)笑話(huà)”與錄音原文表述一致。A選項(xiàng)“它現(xiàn)在是歐洲最大最繁忙的機(jī)場(chǎng)”錄音中并沒(méi)有信息提及，并且這個(gè)機(jī)場(chǎng)尚未竣工，所以A選項(xiàng)可排除；B選項(xiàng)“它是德國(guó)歷史上管理最差的機(jī)場(chǎng)”利用錄音中perpetualmismanagement設(shè)干擾，錄音只是提到機(jī)場(chǎng)長(zhǎng)期管理不善，但無(wú)法知道是不是德國(guó)歷史上最差的，因此排除B選項(xiàng)；C選項(xiàng)“它已經(jīng)成為德國(guó)效率的典型象征”，錄音提到德國(guó)因?yàn)樾识劽?，但現(xiàn)在這個(gè)機(jī)場(chǎng)錯(cuò)漏百出，竣工日期一拖再拖，因此C選項(xiàng)明顯錯(cuò)誤。

23.WhywasthereaneedforanewairportinBerlin?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)為何柏林需要一個(gè)新機(jī)場(chǎng)？錄音提到，重新統(tǒng)一后的柏林需要一個(gè)比現(xiàn)有機(jī)場(chǎng)容量大得多的現(xiàn)代機(jī)場(chǎng)，說(shuō)明現(xiàn)有機(jī)場(chǎng)的容量對(duì)重新統(tǒng)一后的柏林來(lái)說(shuō)是不夠的，無(wú)法匹配新時(shí)期的需求，也就是說(shuō)“這個(gè)城市的機(jī)場(chǎng)已經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)”，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“這個(gè)城市想吸引更多游客”和B選項(xiàng)“這個(gè)城市想要發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)”在錄音中均未提及；C選項(xiàng)“這個(gè)城市剛剛重新統(tǒng)一”是對(duì)錄音中newly-reunified的斷章取義，“重新統(tǒng)一”只是當(dāng)時(shí)的時(shí)代背景，表明進(jìn)入了一個(gè)新的時(shí)期，但并非計(jì)劃興建新機(jī)場(chǎng)的原因。

24.WhydidBerlinpostponetheopeningofitsdreamairportagainandagain?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)為什么柏林一再推遲其夢(mèng)想機(jī)場(chǎng)的開(kāi)放？錄音提到，發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題第一次推遲之后，又發(fā)現(xiàn)消防安全系統(tǒng)存在重大問(wèn)題，接著再推遲，隨后又出現(xiàn)了許多其他的主要問(wèn)題，拖延的時(shí)間越長(zhǎng)，檢查發(fā)現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題就越多。因此A選項(xiàng)“各種各樣的問(wèn)題不斷涌現(xiàn)”正確。B選項(xiàng)“資金短缺延誤了工程建設(shè)”和C選項(xiàng)“建筑公司違反了合同”在錄音中沒(méi)有信息提及；D選項(xiàng)“市政府不斷更換”利用錄音中的changedhands設(shè)干擾，更換的是規(guī)劃公司的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層，并不是市政府，因此D選項(xiàng)不正確。

25.Whathappenswhiletheairportremainsunused?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)機(jī)場(chǎng)閑置時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)生什么？錄音提到，閑置的機(jī)場(chǎng)造成了巨大的成本，因此B選項(xiàng)“巨大的維護(hù)成本會(huì)積累起來(lái)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦谋г乖黾印?，錄音中只是提到居民?duì)于機(jī)場(chǎng)的態(tài)度是frustration“沮喪”，并沒(méi)有提到居民的抱怨在增加，因此排除A選項(xiàng)。C選項(xiàng)“所有設(shè)備都生銹”和D選項(xiàng)“柏林的旅游業(yè)受到影響”在錄音中均沒(méi)有信息提及。

5.單選題

Oneairlinechiefexecutiveofficer(CEO)wasthemasterofthepersonaltouch.Spendinghourswithhisemployeesandgettingtoknowtheirjobs,hepersuadedthemtoacceptpaycutsinreturnforanownershipstake.TheconcessionputthecompanysosolidlyintheblackthattheCEOwasabletosellitfor$860million.AnotherCEOscoldedmanagersinfrontofothers,cutonethirdoftheworkforceandsoembitteredthesurvivorsthathisairlinebegantolosemoney,andtheboardofdirectorsfiredhim.

InanytestofknowledgeorIQ,thetwoCEOscouldhavedueledtoadraw.Thedifferencewastheabilitytohandlerelationships,arguesDanielGolemaninhisnewbook,workingwithEmotionalIntelligence.Buildingonhis1995bestseller,EmotionedIntelligence,GolemannowprobeshowEIrelatestotheworldofwork.Ashedidinhisearlierbook,GolemanmasterfullyexplainshowalowEIhinderspeople’sfullintellectualpotentialbyfloodingthebrainwithstresshormonesthatimpairmemory,learningandthinking.Theheartofthebook,though,isananalysisofdatacollectedfrommorethan150firmsonwhatdistinguishesso-soperformersfromsuperstars.Goleman’sfindings:conventionalintelligencetakessecondpositiontoemotionalintelligenceindeterminingjobperformance.Injobsrangingfromrepairmantoscientist,IQaccountsfornomorethan25percentofthedifferencebetween,say,asuccessfulhigh-techentrepreneurandafailedone.Inanothersurprise,thecontributionofIQshrinksandthecontributionofEIriseswithdifficultyofajobandhowhighitranksinanorganization.Basedontraitsthatcompaniessaydistinguishwinnersfromlosers,GolemanconcludesthatEIcarriesmuchmoreweightthanIQindeterminingsuccessatthetop.

However,themanyexamplesofCEOsandotherpeopleintoppositionswhohavetheemotionalintelligenceofasnake-butstillwereCEOs-underminethecaseforEPSindispensabilityinbusiness.ButevenifyouacceptthatEIdetermineswhoexcels,youhavetowonderifitshould.Golemandescribeshow112entry-levelaccountantswerejudgedmoreorlesssuccessful(bytheirbosses)accordingtotheirlevelofEIratherthantheiractualskills.Nowondersomanyauditorsfailtonoticecookedbooks.

1.AccordingtoGoleman,thebiggestdifferencebetweenthetwoCEOsdescribedinthefirstparagraphliesin______.

2.Goleman’snewbookWorkingwithEmotionalIntelligenceischieflyabout

______.

3.AccordingtoGoleman,whichofthefollowingpersonsowesthemosttoEIforhis/hersuccess?

4.Thephrase“cookedbooks”inthelastsentencemostprobablymeans______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theirattitudetowardtheiremployees

B.theiremotionalintelligence

C.theirconventionalintelligence

D.theirbusinessstrategy

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thedifferencebetweenIQandEI

B.therelationshipbetweenEIandjobperformance

C.theroleofEIinaperson’ssuccess

D.theimportanceofhandlingpersonalrelationships

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Presidentofacompany

B.Managerofthepersonneldepartment

C.Managerofthesalesdepartment

D.Plumber

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.falsifiedaccountbooks

B.bookscontaininginformationforpreparationoffood

C.damagedbooks

D.piratedbooks

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干，可以定位到文章第一段，文章提到兩個(gè)CEO對(duì)待他們的員工有不同的方法。B選項(xiàng)“他們的情商”，關(guān)于兩位CEO的比較結(jié)果在第二段段首體現(xiàn)，兩位CEO最主要的區(qū)別是處理各種關(guān)系的能力，也就是下文討論的情商，故本題答案應(yīng)為B。A選項(xiàng)“他們對(duì)員工的態(tài)度”，在第一段提到，但它只是情商的具體表現(xiàn)形式。C選項(xiàng)“他們的傳統(tǒng)智慧”，第二段首句指出兩位CEO的知識(shí)或智商水平都幾近持平，可排除。D選項(xiàng)“他們的業(yè)務(wù)策略”，原文沒(méi)有提到此內(nèi)容，可排除。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段第二句Thedifferencewastheabilitytohandlerelationships,arguesDanielGolemaninhisnewbook,workingwithEmotionalIntelligence.（丹尼爾?戈?duì)柭谒男聲?shū)《如何處理情商》中指出，差異在于處理人際關(guān)系的能力）。這里解釋了本書(shū)的內(nèi)容，本書(shū)主要探討情商和工作的關(guān)系，因此B選項(xiàng)“EI與工作績(jī)效的關(guān)系”正確。A選項(xiàng)“IQ和EI之間的區(qū)別”，雖在書(shū)中有提及，但不是主要內(nèi)容。C選項(xiàng)“EI在一個(gè)人的成功中所起的作用”，雖在書(shū)中有提及，但不是主要內(nèi)容，可排除。D選項(xiàng)“處理人際關(guān)系的重要性”，雖在書(shū)中有提及，但不是主要內(nèi)容，可排除。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干，可以定位到文章第三段倒數(shù)第二句Golemandescribeshow112entry-levelaccountantswerejudgedmoreorlesssuccessful(bytheirbosses)accordingtotheirlevelofEIratherthantheiractualskills.（戈?duì)柭枋隽?12名初級(jí)會(huì)計(jì)師（他們的老板）是如何根據(jù)他們的EI水平而不是他們的實(shí)際技能來(lái)判斷他們是否成功的）。從該句可推測(cè)：工作性質(zhì)越重要，EI的作用就越大。A選項(xiàng)“公司總裁”，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)“人事部經(jīng)理”，文章沒(méi)有提到這一點(diǎn)，因此可排除。C選項(xiàng)“銷(xiāo)售部經(jīng)理”，文章沒(méi)有提到這個(gè)內(nèi)容，可排除。D選項(xiàng)“水管工”，文章沒(méi)有提到此內(nèi)容，可排除。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】語(yǔ)義理解題。由題干可以定位到文章最后一段最后一句N(xiāo)owondersomanyauditorsfailtonoticecookedbooks.（難怪這么多審計(jì)師沒(méi)有注意到造假的賬目）。這里談的是審計(jì)員的情況，因此可推測(cè)cookedbooks和cook的基本意思“做飯”無(wú)關(guān)，book的意思不是“書(shū)”，而是和審計(jì)會(huì)計(jì)有關(guān)的意思“賬簿”。A選項(xiàng)“偽造會(huì)計(jì)賬簿”符合句意，A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)“載有烹調(diào)食物資料的書(shū)籍”，可排除。C選項(xiàng)“破損圖書(shū)”，文章沒(méi)有提到這個(gè)內(nèi)容，可排除。D選項(xiàng)“盜版書(shū)”，不符合文章內(nèi)容，可排除。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Apersonmustsatisfyhisphysiologicalneeds,suchasfood,clothingandshelter,before（）anyotherobjective.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.recovering

B.searching

C.chasing

D.pursuing

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)recovering“恢復(fù)，再生”；B選項(xiàng)searching“查找，思索”；C選項(xiàng)chasing“追趕；追求（事業(yè)、金錢(qián)、異性）”；D選項(xiàng)pursuing“追趕；追問(wèn)；努力實(shí)現(xiàn)（目標(biāo)）”。句意：一個(gè)人必須先滿(mǎn)足生理需要，如衣食住行，才能（）任何其他的目標(biāo)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，pursuing“努力實(shí)現(xiàn)（目標(biāo)）”搭配objective“目標(biāo)”比較合理。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Althoughcatscannotseeincompletedarkness,theireyesaremuchmore（

）tolightthanhumaneyes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.glowing

B.brilliant

C.gloomy

D.sensitive

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。glowing意為“灼熱的，灼熾的”；brilliant意為“明亮的”；gloomy意為“黑暗的”；sensitive意為“敏感的”。

句意：雖然貓無(wú)法在完全黑暗中看到，但是它們的眼睛比人類(lèi)的眼睛對(duì)光敏感得多。

8.單選題

There’sasimplepremisebehindwhatLarryMyersdoesforaliving:Ifyoucansmellit,youcanfindit.

MyersisthefounderofAuburnUniversity’sInstituteforBiologicalDetectionSystems,themaintaskofwhichistochasetheultimateindetectiondevices—anartificialnose.Fornow,thesubjectoftheirresearchislittlemorethanastackofgleamingchipstuckedawayinalaboratorydrawer.Butsoon,suchatoolcouldbehangingfromthebeltsofpolice,arsoninvestigatorsandfood-safetyinspectors.

Thetechnologythattheyareworkingonwouldsuggestquitereasonablythat,withinthreetofiveyears,we’llhavesomeworkablesensorsreadytouse.Suchdevicesmightfindwideuseinplacesthatattractterrorists.Policecoulddetectdrugs,bodiesandbombshiddenincars,whilefoodinspectorscouldeasilytestfoodandwaterforcontamination.

Theimplicationsforrevolutionaryadvancesinpublicsafetyandthefoodindustryareastonishing.Butso,too,arethepossibilitiesforabuse.Suchmachinescoulddeterminewhetherawomanisovulating,withoutaphysicalexam—orevenherknowledge.

OneofthetraditionalprotectorsofAmericanlibertyisthatithasbeenimpossibletosearcheveryone.That’sgettingnottobethecase.

ArtificialbiosensorscreatedatAuburnworktotallydifferentlyfromanythingeverseenbefore.AromaScan,forexample,isadesktopmachinebasedonabankofchipssensitivetospecificchemicalsthatevaporateintotheair.Asairissuckedintothemachine,chemicalspassoverthesensorsurfacesandproducechangesintheelectricalcurrentflowingthroughthem.Thosecurrentchangesareloggedintoacomputerthatsortsoutodorsbasedontheirelectricalsignatures.

Myerssaystheyexpecttoloadasinglefingernail—sizechipwiththousandsofodorreceptors,enoughtocreateasensorthat’snearlyassensitiveasadog’snose.

1.Whichofthefollowingiswithinthecapacityoftheartificialnosebeingdeveloped?

2.Apotentialproblemwhichmightbecausedbytheuseofanartificialnoseis____.

3.Theword“l(fā)ogged”(Para.6)mostprobablymeans“____”.

4.Toproduceartificialnosesforpracticaluse,itisessential____.

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsLarryMyers’workis____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Performingphysicalexaminations.

B.Locatingplaceswhichattractterrorists.

C.Detectingdrugsandwatercontamination.

D.Monitoringfoodprocessing.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.negligenceofpublicsafety

B.anabuseofpersonalfreedom

C.ahazardtophysicalhealth

D.athreattoindividualprivacy

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.preset

B.entered

C.processed

D.simulated

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.todevelopmicrochipswiththousandsofodorreceptors

B.toinventchipssensitivetovariouschemicals

C.todesignacomputerprogramtosortoutsmells

D.tofindchemicalsthatcanaltertheelectricalcurrentpassingthrough

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.cautious

B.approving

C.suspicious

D.overenthusiastic

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Whichofthefollowingiswithinthecapacityoftheartificialnosebeingdeveloped?下列哪項(xiàng)在正在研制的人造鼻子的能力范圍內(nèi)？

A.Performingphysicalexaminations.A.進(jìn)行體格檢查。

B.Locatingplaceswhichattractterrorists.B.找出吸引恐怖分子的地方。

C.Detectingdrugsandwatercontamination.C.檢測(cè)藥物和水污染。

D.Monitoringfoodprocessing.D.監(jiān)控食品加工。

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第三段最后“而食品檢查員可以很容易地檢測(cè)食品和水的污染?！币簿褪钦f(shuō)能檢測(cè)到污染。因此選C。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“進(jìn)行體格檢查?！保闹袥](méi)有提及該機(jī)器可以進(jìn)行體格檢查，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“找出吸引恐怖分子的地方?！?，文中第三段提到“這種裝置可能會(huì)在吸引恐怖分子的地方廣泛使用。”也就是說(shuō)這種機(jī)器是在吸引恐怖分子的地方使用而不是找出能吸引恐怖分子的地方，該選項(xiàng)屬于偷換概念；

D選項(xiàng)“監(jiān)控食品加工?！?，文中提到“而食品檢查員可以很容易地檢測(cè)食品和水的污染?！?，只是說(shuō)能夠檢測(cè)食品污染，并不是能夠監(jiān)控食品加工，該選項(xiàng)屬于過(guò)度推斷。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Apotentialproblemwhichmightbecausedbytheuseofanartificialnoseis____.一個(gè)可能由使用人工鼻子引起的潛在問(wèn)題是____。

A.negligenceofpublicsafetyA.公共安全過(guò)失

B.anabuseofpersonalfreedomB.濫用個(gè)人自由

C.ahazardtophysicalhealthC.對(duì)身體健康的危害

D.athreattoindividualprivacyD.對(duì)個(gè)人隱私的威脅

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第四段“但濫用的可能性也是如此。這種機(jī)器可以在不需要體檢甚至不需要女性知情的情況下，就能確定女性是否在排卵?！庇纱丝芍?，這種人工鼻子在個(gè)人不知情的情況下檢查別人的隱私。以及第五段“美國(guó)自由的傳統(tǒng)保護(hù)者之一是不可能搜查每一個(gè)人。但事實(shí)并非如此。”由此可知，這種機(jī)器可能在人們不知情的情況下對(duì)人們進(jìn)行搜查。綜上可推斷，人工鼻子可能侵犯?jìng)€(gè)人隱私。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“公共安全過(guò)失”，文中沒(méi)有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“濫用個(gè)人自由”，文中沒(méi)有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“對(duì)身體健康的危害”，文中提到“但濫用的可能性也是如此。這種機(jī)器可以在不需要體檢甚至不需要女性知情的情況下，就能確定女性是否在排卵。”由此可知，是會(huì)侵犯?jìng)€(gè)人隱私而不是身體健康，該選項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Theword“l(fā)ogged”(Para.6)mostprobablymeans“____”.“l(fā)ogged”（第6段）很可能是“____”的意思。

A.presetA.預(yù)設(shè)

B.enteredB.進(jìn)入

C.processedC.加工

D.simulatedD.模擬

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)出處提示詞Paragraph6與題干信息可定位到第六段最后“當(dāng)空氣被吸入機(jī)器時(shí)，化學(xué)物質(zhì)通過(guò)傳感器表面，并在流經(jīng)它們的電流中產(chǎn)生變化。這些電流的變化會(huì)被記錄到電腦中，電腦會(huì)根據(jù)氣味的電子特征對(duì)其進(jìn)行分類(lèi)?！备鶕?jù)上下文可推斷，logged意為“輸入；進(jìn)入”，因此B選項(xiàng)entered“進(jìn)入”與之意思相近，選B。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

根據(jù)解題思路，A、C、D選項(xiàng)都屬于曲解原文。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Toproduceartificialnosesforpracticaluse,itisessential____.為了制造出實(shí)際使用的人造鼻子，必須____。

A.todevelopmicrochipswiththousandsofodorreceptorsA.開(kāi)發(fā)出含有數(shù)千個(gè)氣味感受器的微芯片

B.toinventchipssensitivetovariouschemicalsB.發(fā)明對(duì)各種化學(xué)物質(zhì)敏感的芯片

C.todesignacomputerprogramtosortoutsmellsC.設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)程序來(lái)分類(lèi)氣味

D.tofindchemicalsthatcanaltertheelectricalcurrentpassingthroughD.找到能改變電流的化學(xué)物質(zhì)

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到最后一段“他們希望在一個(gè)指甲大小的芯片上裝入數(shù)千個(gè)氣味感受器，足以制造出一個(gè)幾乎和狗的鼻子一樣靈敏的傳感器?！币虼诉xA。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“發(fā)明對(duì)各種化學(xué)物質(zhì)敏感的芯片”，文中提到“奧本公司制造的人工生物傳感器的工作原理與以前所見(jiàn)過(guò)的完全不同。例如，AromaScan是一種基于一組對(duì)蒸發(fā)到空氣中的特定化學(xué)物質(zhì)敏感的芯片的臺(tái)式電腦?！保纱丝芍@個(gè)人工生物傳感器是含有芯片的臺(tái)式電腦，但是文章并沒(méi)有說(shuō)要發(fā)明各種對(duì)化學(xué)物質(zhì)敏感的芯片，該選項(xiàng)屬于過(guò)度推斷；

C選項(xiàng)“設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)程序來(lái)分類(lèi)氣味”，文中沒(méi)有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“找到能改變電流的化學(xué)物質(zhì)”，文中提到“當(dāng)空氣被吸入機(jī)器時(shí)，化學(xué)物質(zhì)通過(guò)傳感器表面，并在流經(jīng)它們的電流中產(chǎn)生變化?！笔腔瘜W(xué)物質(zhì)在電流中發(fā)生變化，而不是電流發(fā)生變化，該選項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Theauthor’sattitudetowardsLarryMyers’workis____.作者對(duì)拉里?邁爾斯工作的態(tài)度是____。

A.cautiousA.謹(jǐn)慎的

B.approvingB.贊成的

C.suspiciousC.懷疑的

D.overenthusiasticD.過(guò)分熱情的

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。

【解題思路】綜合全文，文章主要介紹了人工鼻子的積極用途比如“這種裝置可能會(huì)在吸引恐怖分子的地方廣泛使用。警察可以發(fā)現(xiàn)隱藏在汽車(chē)中的毒品、尸體和炸彈，而食品檢查員可以很容易地檢測(cè)食品和水的污染。”但是對(duì)于人工鼻子的消極影響只提出會(huì)侵犯隱私，因此作者對(duì)拉里?邁爾斯的工作持贊成態(tài)度，因此選B。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“謹(jǐn)慎的”，曲解原文，屬于過(guò)度推斷；

C選項(xiàng)“懷疑的”，與作者態(tài)度相反，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

D選項(xiàng)“過(guò)分熱情的”，曲解原文，屬于過(guò)度推斷。

9.單選題

Asseriousassheisaboutthebullfight,shedoesnotallowrespectto（

）hersenseofwhimsywhenpaintingit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inspire

B.provoke

C.suppress

D.satisfy

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞