考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東藝術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東藝術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

ThelandscapeoftheAmericanWestwasdramaticallyalteredduringthe20thcenturyasaresultofthe_______constructionofdamsalongmajorrivers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.degenerative

B.widespread

C.advancing

D.extensive

【答案】B

【解析】degenerative退化的;widespread分布廣泛的;advancing前進(jìn)的;extensive廣泛的,一般指范圍和內(nèi)容寬泛。句意：由于沿主要河流修建了大量的水壩,美國(guó)西部的景色在20世紀(jì)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。這里強(qiáng)調(diào)分布廣泛,所以選項(xiàng)B更恰當(dāng)。

2.單選題

法律真正的意義,是要把一個(gè)自由而有理性的人導(dǎo)向正當(dāng)?shù)囊饬x上去,而不是對(duì)此加以限制的。

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Therealmeaningoflawisnotthelimitationasthedirectionofafreeandintelligentmantohisproperinterest.

B.Thetruenotionoflawisnotsomuchlimitedtothedirectionofafreeandintelligentmantohisproperinterest.

C.Law,initstruemotion,isnotsomuchthelimitationasthedirectionofafreeandintelligentmantohisproperinterest.

【答案】B

【解析】本句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“意義”，而不是“法律”，所以首先排除選項(xiàng)C；“真正的”這里用true比較好，real常用來(lái)指比較抽象的事物，所以選項(xiàng)B更準(zhǔn)確。

3.翻譯題

AlotoftheforeignerswhocometoBeijingarrivewithanxiety,thinkingthattheChinesearedistant.ButIthinktheyareveryaffable,muchliketheSpanish.Sure,theyspeakadifferentlanguage,havetheirownvaluesandcodesofbehaviorbutIdonotagreewiththeviewthattheyareverystand-offish.Onejusthastomakeanefforttoconnectandneverprejudge.

HasChinachangedmeasaperson?Well,Iwouldn’trememberhowIwasbeforebecauseIwassoyoungand30yearsisalongtime.ButIsupposecominghereopenedmyeyestoalotofthings.FromtheChineseIlearnttopersevereandtohavenolimitsforeffortandwork.I’vebeeninfectedbythat.ButIalsolearnttherelativityofthings:nothingiscompletelyandabsolutelygoodandnothingiscompletelyandabsolutelybad.And,yes,thevalueofwaiting,butalsothesenseofjumpingtowardsopportunity.IlearnedalotofthingsbutIcontinuetolearn.

EventhoughI’vebeenhereforalongtimeIwouldnotsayIhavetwoidentities,aSpanishoneandaChineseone.NaturallyIamSpanishbecauseIwasbornandraisedinBarcelona.Iamhereonlyasanobserver.AndIthinkitisgoodtobeassuch.Notasonewhodoesnotknowwherehisrightfulplaceisbutonewhoisinvolved.Ido,however,believeonecanbecomeChinesebecauseChinahasastrongforce.ButIdonotthinkI’deverbecomeChinese.IcanonlysaythatIcanarriveatunderstandingofwhatitistobeChinese.

【答案】很多初到北京的外國(guó)人覺(jué)得忐忑不安，認(rèn)為中國(guó)人不夠熱情。但我認(rèn)為他們非常友好，這點(diǎn)很像西班牙人。當(dāng)然他們說(shuō)著不同的語(yǔ)言，有他們自己的價(jià)值和行為準(zhǔn)則，但我不同意把他們看成是冷漠的人。一個(gè)人只是必須通過(guò)努力才能實(shí)現(xiàn)溝通，而絕不要武斷。

中國(guó)有沒(méi)有改變我的為人之道呢？噢，我都記不得我曾經(jīng)是個(gè)怎么樣的人，因?yàn)槟菚r(shí)我是那么年輕，而30年是一段很長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間。但我認(rèn)為，我來(lái)這里見(jiàn)識(shí)了許多事情。我從中國(guó)人身上學(xué)到了百折不撓和不遺余力地工作。我被這些精神感染了。但我也學(xué)會(huì)了事物的相對(duì)性：凡事沒(méi)有絕對(duì)的好，也沒(méi)有絕對(duì)的壞。此外，是的，我還學(xué)會(huì)了等待的價(jià)值，還有把握機(jī)遇的意義。我學(xué)到了很多但我還將繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)。

盡管我在這里很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了，我不想說(shuō)我具有兩種身份，一個(gè)西班牙人和一個(gè)中國(guó)人。本質(zhì)上講我是西班牙人，因?yàn)槲以诎腿_那出生成長(zhǎng)。我在這里只是作為一個(gè)旁觀者。而我認(rèn)為這樣很好。不是作為一個(gè)不知自己確切身份的人，而是一個(gè)具有參與感的人。盡管我的確相信一個(gè)外國(guó)人有可能變成中國(guó)人，因?yàn)橹袊?guó)具有一種強(qiáng)大的力量。但我不認(rèn)為我曾一度成為中國(guó)人，我只能說(shuō)，我能夠理解怎樣才算是中國(guó)人。

4.單選題

AccordingtonewresearchofProf.RandolfMenzelfromtheFreeUniversityinBerlin,thepopularimageofbeesastheultimatehardworkerswasinaccurate.“Althoughweseebeesbuzzingaroundtirelesslyinspringandsummer,thecommonbeliefinabee’sbusynatureisbasedonamisconception,”hesaid.Peopleonlyreallyseebeeswhenthey’reoutflying,ortheylookatacolonyofbeesandseethousandsofthembuzzingaround.Theydon’tgettopickthemoutasindividuals.Theprofessor,whothismonthwonaGermanZoologicalSocietyawardforhisworkonbees,addedthatbeescompensatedfortheirapparentlazinesswithhighintelligence,advancedmemoryskillsandanabilitytolearnquickly.

ThesuggestionthatbeeswerenotpullingtheirweightmetwithskepticismfromBritishbeekeepers.GlynDavies,thePresidentoftheBritishBeekeepersAssociation,saidthatbeeswerenotlazybutefficient,“Atanyparticularstageinitsenergybydoingnothing.Eachbeehasaunitoflifeenergyandthefasteritworks,thefasteritdies.Theyarebeingverywiseandperhapshumansshouldtrytofollowtheirexampleinsteadofrunningaboutlikeheadlesschickens.”

Theideaofthebusybeeisseveralthousandyearsold.OnecurrentauthorwhohasnothingbutadmirationforthebeeisPaulTheroux,thenovelistandpart-timebeekeeper.”Ihaveneverseenabeesleeping.Mybeesneverstopworking,”hesaid.Mr.TherouxaddedthatProf.Menzel’sresearchcouldhavebeenaffectedbyhisnationalorigins.“PerhapsincomparisontotheGermanrateofwork,thebeedoeslooklazy,”hesaid.

Fewpeoplethinkthatthebusybeeideawillgoaway,despitetheeffortsofProf.Menzel.Itseemsabsurdtoapplytheword“l(fā)azy”toacolonyofcreaturescapableofproducingsomethingsoextraordinaryashoneycomb.Thetruthisthatbeesgiveusaninferioritycomplexthatisnotentirelyunjustified.Infact,theworshipofbeesseemstobeundergoingarenaissance.IBMrecentlyranaseriesofadsdrawingonthe“waggledance”ofbees,tellingbusinessmento“makeyourbusinesswaggle.”

1.Prof.RandolfMenzel’slatestresearch______.

2.Prof.RandolfMenzelwoulddisagreethat______.

3.AccordingtoGlynDavies,whatshouldwelearnfrombees?

4.ItcouldbeinferredfromParagraph3thattheGermans______.

5.TheIBMadsinthepassageareusedto______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.challengesourknowledgeoftherelationsamongbees

B.confirmsourknowledgeoftherelationsamongbees

C.challengesourperceptionofthenatureofbees

D.confirmsourperceptionofthenatureofbees

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.beesarehardworking

B.beesarequicklearners

C.beeshaveintelligence

D.beeshavegoodmemory

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Howtoworkfaster.

B.Howtolivelonger.

C.Howtocooperatewitheachother.

D.Howtoimproveworkefficiency.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.areeasilyaffectedbytheirnationalcharacters

B.areextremelybusyandhardworking

C.havemanythingsincommonwithbees

D.tendtolookdownuponlazypeople

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.showthepopularityoftheideaofbusybees

B.emphasizethenegativeimageofbusybees

C.initiatepublicdiscussionsonthebusybeeimage

D.questionthecomparisonofbusybeestohumans

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段第一句AccordingtonewresearchofProf.RandolfMenzelfromtheFreeUniversityinBerlin,thepopularimageofbeesastheultimatehardworkerswasinaccurate.（根據(jù)柏林自由大學(xué)蘭道夫?門澤爾教授的最新研究，蜜蜂廣為流傳的終極辛勤工作者形象是不準(zhǔn)確的。），說(shuō)明最新研究表明人們之前對(duì)蜜蜂的印象是不準(zhǔn)確的。因此C選項(xiàng)“挑戰(zhàn)我們對(duì)蜜蜂本性的認(rèn)識(shí)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“挑戰(zhàn)我們對(duì)蜜蜂之間關(guān)系的認(rèn)識(shí)”，B選項(xiàng)“證實(shí)了我們對(duì)蜜蜂之間關(guān)系的認(rèn)識(shí)”，本文討論的不是蜜蜂之間的關(guān)系，所以A,B錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“證實(shí)了我們對(duì)蜜蜂本性的認(rèn)識(shí)”和原文表述的意思相反，所以D錯(cuò)誤。

2.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段最后一句beescompensatedfortheirapparentlazinesswithhighintelligence,advancedmemoryskillsandanabilitytolearnquickly.（蜜蜂以高智商、記憶力和快速學(xué)習(xí)能力來(lái)彌補(bǔ)它們明顯的懶惰。），說(shuō)明蘭道夫?門澤爾教授不同意蜜蜂很勤勞的觀點(diǎn)。因此A選項(xiàng)“蜜蜂是勤勞的”正確。B選項(xiàng)“蜜蜂的學(xué)習(xí)能力很強(qiáng)”，C選項(xiàng)“蜜蜂有高智商”，D選項(xiàng)“蜜蜂有良好的記憶力”都是教授認(rèn)同的蜜蜂的優(yōu)勢(shì)，所以B,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

3.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段GlynDavies,thePresidentoftheBritishBeekeepersAssociation,saidthatbeeswerenotlazybutefficient…andperhapshumansshouldtrytofollowtheirexampleinsteadofrunningaboutlikeheadlesschickens.（英國(guó)養(yǎng)蜂人協(xié)會(huì)的主席格林?戴維斯說(shuō)，蜜蜂不是懶惰而是有效率……也許人類應(yīng)該向它們學(xué)習(xí)，而不是像無(wú)頭雞一樣跑來(lái)跑去。），說(shuō)明格林?戴維斯認(rèn)為人類應(yīng)該向蜜蜂學(xué)習(xí)如何提高工作效率。因此D選項(xiàng)“如何提高工作的效率”正確。A選項(xiàng)“如何更快地工作”，B選項(xiàng)“如何活得更久”，C選項(xiàng)“如何相互合作”在文中均沒(méi)有提及，所以A,B,C錯(cuò)誤。

4.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段最后一句PerhapsincomparisontotheGermanrateofwork,thebeedoeslooklazy（也許與德國(guó)的工作效率相比，蜜蜂確實(shí)看起來(lái)很懶），說(shuō)明德國(guó)人很忙碌，工作很勤奮，蜜蜂和其對(duì)比起來(lái)就顯得比較懶惰。因此B選項(xiàng)“非常忙碌和努力工作”正確。A選項(xiàng)“容易受到民族性格的影響”，原文說(shuō)的是門澤爾教授的研究可能受到了民族性格的影響，而不是說(shuō)德國(guó)人，所以A錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“與蜜蜂有許多共同之處”，D選項(xiàng)“傾向于看不起懶惰的人”在文中沒(méi)有提及，所以C,D錯(cuò)誤。

5.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章最后一段，作者指出，雖然有最新研究的結(jié)果，但蜜蜂忙碌勤奮的形象還是很難改變，最后用IBM的廣告舉例表明人們?nèi)匀缓艹绨菝鄯淝趭^的特性。因此A選項(xiàng)“顯示了忙碌的蜜蜂這一觀念的流行”正確。B選項(xiàng)“強(qiáng)調(diào)了忙碌的蜜蜂的負(fù)面形象”，由原文可知，忙碌的蜜蜂不是一種負(fù)面形象，而是受人崇拜的正面形象，所以B錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“引發(fā)公眾對(duì)忙碌的蜜蜂形象的討論”，原文沒(méi)有描述其引發(fā)的討論，所以C錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“質(zhì)疑忙碌的蜜蜂與人類的比較”，原文沒(méi)有質(zhì)疑，所以D錯(cuò)誤。

5.單選題

Therearesomeearthphenomenayoucancounton,butthemagneticfield,somedayisnotofthem.Itfluctuatesinstrength,driftsfromitsaxis,andeveryfew100,000yearsundergo,dramaticpolarityreversal—aperiodwhenNorthPolebecomesSouthPoleandSouthPolebecomesNorthPole.Buthowisthefieldgenerated,andwhyisitsounstable?

GroundbreakingresearchbytwoFrenchgeophysicistspromisestoshedsomelightonthemystery.Using80metersofdeepseasediment（沉淀物）core,theyhaveobtainedmeasurementsofmagnetic-fieldintensitythatspan11polarityreversalsandfourmillionyears.Theanalysisrevealsthatintensityappearstofluctuatewithaclear,well-definedrhythm.Althoughthestrengthofthemagneticfieldvariesirregularlyduringtheshortterm,thereseemstobeaninevitablelong-termdeclineprecedingeachpolarityreversal.Whenthepolesflip—aprocessthattakesseveralhundredthousandyears—themagneticfieldrapidlyregainsitsstrengthandthecycleisrepeated.

Theresultshavecausedastiramonggeophysicists.Themagneticfieldisthoughttooriginatefrommolten（熔化的）ironintheoutercore,3,000kilometersbeneaththeearth'ssurface.Bystudyingmineralgrainsfoundinmaterialrangingfromrockstoclayarticles,previousresearchershavealreadybeenabletoidentifyreversalsdatingback170millionyears,includingthemostrecentswitch730,000yearsago.Howandwhytheyoccur,however,hasbeenwidelydebated.Severaltheorieslinkpolarityflipstoexternaldisasterssuchasmeteor（流星）impacts.ButPeterOlson,ageophysicistattheJohnsHopkinsUniversityinBaltimore,saysthisisunlikelyiftheFrenchresearchersareright.Infact,Olsonsays,intensitythatpredictablydeclinesfromonereversaltothenextcontradicts90percentofthemodelscurrentlyunderstudy.Iftheresultsprovetobevalid,geophysicistswillhaveanewtheorytoguidethemintheirquesttounderstandtheearth’sinnerphysics.Itcertainlypointsthedirectionforfutureresearch.

1.Whichofthefollowingtitlesismostappropriatetothepassage?

2.Theword“flip”(Line6,Para.2）mostprobablymeans（

）.

3.WhathavethetwoFrenchgeophysicistsdiscoveredintheirresearch?

4.TheFrenchgeophysicists'studyisdifferentfromcurrentlyprevailingtheoriesin（

）.

5.InPeterOslo'sopiniontheFrenchexperiment（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.PolarityReversal:AFantasticPhenomenonofNature.

B.MeasurementoftheEarth'sMagnetic-FieldIntensity.

C.FormationoftheTwoPolesoftheEarth.

D.ANewApproachtotheStudyofGeophysics.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.decline

B.intensify

C.fluctuate

D.reverse

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Someregularityinthechangesoftheearth'smagneticfield.

B.Somecausesofthefluctuationoftheearth'smagneticfield.

C.Theoriginoftheearth'smagneticfield.

D.Thefrequencyofpolarityreversals.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.itsidentificationoftheoriginoftheearth'smagneticfield

B.thewaytheearth'smagneticintensityismeasured

C.itsexplanationoftheshiftintheearth'spolarity

D.thewaytheearth'sfluctuationrhythmisdefined

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.islikelytodirectfurtherresearchintheinnerphysicsoftheearth

B.hassuccessfullysolvedthemysteryofpolarityreversals

C.iscertaintohelppredictexternaldisasters

D.hascausedgreatconfusionamongtheworld'sgeophysicists

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。文章在第一段最后提出問(wèn)題“磁場(chǎng)是怎么產(chǎn)生的，為什么會(huì)如此不穩(wěn)定？”（Buthowisthefieldgenerated,andwhyisitsounstable?）；緊接著第二段提到兩位法國(guó)地球物理學(xué)家進(jìn)行了開(kāi)創(chuàng)性的研究在一定程度上提供了線索；文章最后一段最后兩句話提到“如果這些結(jié)果被證明是正確的，地球物理學(xué)家將有一種新理論來(lái)指導(dǎo)他們?nèi)ヌ骄康厍騼?nèi)部物理學(xué)。它確實(shí)為將來(lái)的研究指明了方向?！保↖ftheresultsprovetobevalid,geophysicistswillhaveanewtheorytoguidethemintheirquesttounderstandtheearth’sinnerphysics.Itcertainlypointsthedirectionforfutureresearch），由此可知選項(xiàng)D“地球物理學(xué)的新的研究方法”符合題意。

第2題:詞義題。文章第二段倒數(shù)第二句話提到“雖然磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度變化短時(shí)間內(nèi)沒(méi)有規(guī)律，但是好像在每一次兩極逆轉(zhuǎn)之前，都有一個(gè)不可避免的下降過(guò)程”（Althoughthestrengthofthemagneticfieldvariesirregularlyduringtheshortterm,thereseemstobeaninevitablelong-termdeclineprecedingeachpolarityreversal），polarityreversal的意思是“兩極逆轉(zhuǎn)”，可推測(cè)“polesflip”與之同義，flip有“翻轉(zhuǎn)”的意思。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第二段第三句話提到“分析顯示，強(qiáng)度的波動(dòng)看起來(lái)有明顯、準(zhǔn)確的節(jié)奏”（Theanalysisrevealsthatintensityappearstofluctuatewithaclear,well-definedrhythm），由此可知選項(xiàng)A“地球磁場(chǎng)變化有一些規(guī)律”符合題意。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第三段提到“然而，這種轉(zhuǎn)換是怎樣發(fā)生的？原因是什么？爭(zhēng)論激烈。幾種理論把兩極轉(zhuǎn)換同流星碰撞這類的外部災(zāi)難聯(lián)系起來(lái)。但是奧爾森認(rèn)為如果法國(guó)研究者是正確的話，這幾種理論就不能成立了”（Severaltheorieslinkpolarityflipstoexternaldisasterssuchasmeteor（流星）impacts.ButPeterOlson,ageophysicistattheJohnsHopkinsUniversityinBaltimore,saysthisisunlikelyiftheFrenchresearchersareright），選項(xiàng)C“地球兩極的解釋”符合題意。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章最后一段最后兩句話提到“如果這些結(jié)果被證明是正確的，地球物理學(xué)家將有一種新理論來(lái)指導(dǎo)他們?nèi)ヌ骄康厍騼?nèi)部物理學(xué)。它確實(shí)為將來(lái)的研究指明了方向?！保↖ftheresultsprovetobevalid,geophysicistswillhaveanewtheorytoguidethemintheirquesttounderstandtheearth’sinnerphysics.Itcertainlypointsthedirectionforfutureresearch），選項(xiàng)A“指導(dǎo)地球內(nèi)部物理學(xué)的進(jìn)一步研究”符合題意。

6.翻譯題

B:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

ThisnewnormaloftheChineseeconomywillcontinuetobringmoreopportunitiesoftrade,growth,investmentandcooperationforothercountriesinAsiaandbeyond.Inthecomingfiveyears,ChinawillimportmorethanUS$10trillionofgoods,ChineseinvestmentabroadwillexceedUS$500billion,andmorethan500millionoutboundvisitswillbemadebyChinesetourists.Chinawillsticktoitsbasicstatepolicyofopeningup,improveitsinvestmentclimate,andprotectthelawfulrightsandinterestsofinvestors.Ibelievethattogether,thepeopleofAsiancountriescoulddrivethistrainofAsia’sdevelopmenttotakeAsiatoanevenbrighterfuture.

【答案】中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展進(jìn)入新常態(tài)，將繼續(xù)給包括亞洲國(guó)家在內(nèi)的世界各國(guó)提供更多市場(chǎng)、增長(zhǎng)、投資、合作機(jī)遇。未來(lái)5年，中國(guó)進(jìn)口商品將超過(guò)10萬(wàn)億美元，對(duì)外投資將超過(guò)5000億美元，出境旅游人數(shù)將超過(guò)5億人次。中國(guó)將堅(jiān)持對(duì)外開(kāi)放的基本國(guó)策，不斷完善國(guó)內(nèi)投資環(huán)境，保護(hù)投資者合法權(quán)益。我相信，亞洲各國(guó)人民能夠共同推動(dòng)亞洲發(fā)展的這一列車，把亞洲帶向更加光明的未來(lái)。

7.單選題

Onecommon-sensereason（）childrenlearntospeakisthattheyimitatethosearoundthem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.which

B.what

C.that

D.ofwhich

【答案】D

【解析】reason做先行詞,后面一般接why引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句,選項(xiàng)中的ofwhich=why,表示孩子們學(xué)會(huì)說(shuō)話的原因。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

8.翻譯題

AsApplepreparestoreportwhat(analystsproject)maybethecompany’sfirstyear-over-yearquarterlyearningsdeclineinadecadeonTuesday,itisalsograpplingwithjitteryinvestorsandarecentshare-priceplungethathaswipedabout$280billionoffitsmarketcapitalizationsinceitsstockreachedahighof$702.10lastSeptember.

（1）MuchoftheinvestornervousnessisrootedinhowWallStreetistreatingandvaluingtheCupertino,Calif.,companyasatraditionalhardwaremaker.OnecampofanalystsandsomeinvestorssaidthereisstrongevidencethatAppleshouldbeviewedinadifferentlight:asasoftware–hardwarehybrid.

Thedistinctionmatters.Ifitcontinuestobeseenasahardwarebusiness,Apple’sstreak—drivenbyproductsliketheiPhoneandiPad—couldrunoutquicklyassmartphonesandtabletsgetcommoditizedandconsumertasteschange.（2）ItisalessonlearnedbycompanieslikeBlackBerry-makerResearchInMotionLtd.,whosetechhardwarewasquicklyeclipsedbyproductsfromAppleitself.

IfAppleisclassifiedasasoftware-hardwarehybrid,thecompanycouldbevaluedmorelikeInternetandsoftwaremakersthathaverecurringrevenuestreamsandthatoftentradeathigherprice-to-earningsratiosthanhardwarefirms.

“ThemarketviewsAppleasaconsumerhardwarecompanytiedtoproductcyclesthatdrivevolatilerevenueandearningsstreams,’’saysMorganStanleyanalystKatyHuberty.（3）Butthatviewisn’tcomplete,shesays,since“ApplecustomersbuyintoabrandthatofferseaseofusesimilartocompanieslikeAorenterprisecompanieslikeNetApp.”

AnApplespokesmandeclinedtocommentaheadofTuesday’searningreport.

WithWallStreetcategorizingAppleasahardwaremaker,investorsvaluethecompany—whichmadeanastounding$13billioninprofitsinthequarterendedinDecember—at8.6timesexpectedearningspershareforthenext12months.InvestorsarecurrentlyvaluingHewlett-PackardCo.,whichmade$1.2billioninprofitsduringitsmostrecentquarter,ataprice-to-earningsratioof5.6.TroubledPCmakerDellInc.,whosestockpriceinflatedaftersigningabuyoutdealearlierthisyear,tradesataP/Eratioof8.5.

Apple’sgrossmarginsarearound40%,animportant-measureofthecompany’sefficiencyatmakingmoney.ThatisroughlytwiceashighasH-P’sandDell’s.Applehascharacteristicsthatdifferfrommanyotherhardwarebusinesses.（4）ItscustomersoftenupgradetheirAppleproductsannually,farmorefrequentlythanthefour-yearPCupgradecyclestypicallyfoundattechhardwarebusinessesincludingHewlett-PackardorDell.WhileH-PandDellhavetriedbeefinguptheenterprisesoftwaresideoftheirbusiness,Apple’soperatingsystemandiTunessoftwareisalreadyubiquitous.（5）Applealsohasmorethan500millionaccountsforitsAppStoretiedtocreditcards—andacustomerbasetosellnewservicesto—givingitarecurringsoftwareandservicesrevenuestream.Appletookinrevenueof$3.7billionfromiTunesandothersoftwareandservicesinitslastquarter,or7%ofitstotalrevenue.

【答案】1.大部分投資者的緊張情緒源于華爾街將加州庫(kù)比蒂諾的（蘋果）公司定位和評(píng)價(jià)為傳統(tǒng)硬件制造公司。

2.很多公司例如藍(lán)莓制造商RIM公司都受到了教訓(xùn)，他們的硬件技術(shù)很快就被蘋果自主研發(fā)的產(chǎn)品淘汰。

3.但是這種觀點(diǎn)是不全面的，她說(shuō)，因?yàn)椤疤O果用戶購(gòu)買的是一個(gè)品牌，它可以為他們提供類似于亞馬遜或者NetAPP這樣的企業(yè)所提供的便捷服務(wù)”。

4.該公司的用戶經(jīng)常會(huì)每年都更新他們的蘋果產(chǎn)品，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)了包括惠普或戴爾在內(nèi)的技術(shù)硬件企業(yè)中普遍存在的四年更新一次個(gè)人電腦的頻率。

5.在它的APP商店里，蘋果擁有超過(guò)5億個(gè)綁定了信用卡的賬戶，以及一個(gè)可以銷售新服務(wù)的客戶群，這給它帶來(lái)一個(gè)循環(huán)性軟件和服務(wù)的收入流。

9.單選題

Fromhisdirections,itshouldn'tbedifficultto（

）thebeachhouseinthemap,eventhoughyouhaveneverbeentherebefore.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.determine

B.locate

C.unearth

D.ascertain

【答案】B

【解析】考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。determine“確定某事物，決定”；locate“找出;使坐落于”；unearth“發(fā)掘，掘出”；ascertain“確定，查明”。句意：根據(jù)他的指示，你不難在地圖上找到那棟海濱別墅的地點(diǎn)，即使你從來(lái)沒(méi)有去過(guò)那個(gè)地方。

10.單選題

Thecapitalintendedtobroadentheexportbaseand（

）efficiencygainsfrominternationaltradewaschanneledinsteadintouneconomicimportsubstitution.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.secure

B.extend

C.defend

D.possess

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)secure“保護(hù)（使免受危險(xiǎn)或失?。?，提供保證；獲得，取得”；B選項(xiàng)extend“延伸，擴(kuò)大”；C選項(xiàng)defend“防護(hù)，辯護(hù)，防衛(wèi)”；D選項(xiàng)possess“占有，擁有；纏住，迷住”。句意：本打算用來(lái)擴(kuò)大出口基地從而有效地從國(guó)際貿(mào)易中獲得效益的資金卻用到了沒(méi)有經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的進(jìn)口貿(mào)易中去了。根據(jù)句意可知，且選項(xiàng)中能與gains搭配的只有secure，故A選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Givingagiftcanconveyawealthofmeaningaboutyourappreciationoftheir（

）andtheimportanceyouplaceupontherelationship.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.solidarity

B.priority

C.superiority

D.hospitality

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)solidarity“團(tuán)結(jié)”；B選項(xiàng)priority“優(yōu)先”；C選項(xiàng)superiority“優(yōu)越，優(yōu)越性”；D選項(xiàng)hospitality“熱情”，句子的主語(yǔ)是“givingagift贈(zèng)送禮物”，about介詞，意思是“關(guān)于”，根據(jù)空格前后是一個(gè)of短語(yǔ)的所有格結(jié)構(gòu)，這里判斷空格部分單詞意思為“熱情，好客”，句意為：贈(zèng)送禮物能表達(dá)你對(duì)別人盛情款待的感激之情和你對(duì)別人的重視。和選項(xiàng)D意思接近。

12.單選題

Poetsdieyoung—youngerthannovelist,playwrightsandotherwriters,aU.S.researchersays.Itcouldbebecausepoetsaretorturedand__21__toself-destruction,oritcouldbethatpoetsbecomefamousyoung,sotheirearlydeathsare__22__,saidJamesKaufmanoftheLearningResearchInstituteatCaliforniaStateUniversity.Forthereport,__23__intheJournalofDeathStudies,Kaufmanstudies1987deadwritersfrom__24__centuriesfromtheUnitedStates,China,TurkeyandEasternEurope.He__25__thewritersasfictionwriters,poets,playwrights,andnon-fictionwriters.Hedidnotstudythecausesofdeath.“AmongAmerican,ChineseandTurkishwriters,poetsdied__26__youngerthannonfictionwriters,”Kaufmanwroteinthereport.“Amongthe__27__sample,poetsdieyoungerthanbothfictionwritersandnon-fictionwriters.”BecauseKaufmanstudiedsomewriterswholivedhundredsofyearsago,itis__28__tocomparetheiraverageageofdeath__29__thatofthegeneralpopulation.“__30__,poetslived62years,playwrights63years,novelists66yearsandnon-fictionwriterslived68years,”Kaufmansaid.

Kaufmanhasalsostudiedpoetsandmentalillness.“WhatIfoundwaspretty__31__withtheactualdeathfindings.Femalepoetsweremuchmore__32__tosufferfrommentalillness(e.g.__33__suicide)thananyotherkindofwritersandother__34__women,”hesaid.“I’vedubbedthisthe‘SylviaPlathEffect’.”

Therecouldalsobeamorebenign__35__forpoets’earlydeath,‘‘Poetsproducetwiceasmuchoftheirlifetime__36__intheirtwentiesasnovelistsdo,”hesaid.Sowhena__37__novelistdiesyoung,fewpeoplemaynotice.“Agreatnovelistornon-fictionwriterwhodiesat28maynothaveyetproducedherofhismasterpiece.”Kaufmansaidpoetsshouldnotworry,butshouldperhaps__38__health.“ThefactthataSylviaPlathmaydieyoungdoesnot__39__meananIntroductiontoPoetryclassshouldcarryawarningthatpoemsmaybe__40__toone’shealth,”hesaid.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.favorable

B.likely

C.preferable

D.prone

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.ignored

B.admitted

C.noticed

D.denied

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.discharged

B.published

C.released

D.delivered

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.subsequent

B.various

C.latest

D.previous

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.simplify

B.identify

C.classify

D.verify

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.significantly

B.similarly

C.slightly

D.simply

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.complete

B.intact

C.total

D.entire

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.impossible

B.likely

C.possible

D.unlikely

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.on

C.in

D.by

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.Withaverage

B.Inaverage

C.Onaverage

D.Byaverage

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.consistent

B.associated

C.constant

D.related

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.likely

B.possibly

C.probably

D.necessarily

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.fulfilling

B.committing

C.conducting

D.performing

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.predominant

B.magnificent

C.prominent

D.passionate

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.reason

B.explanation

C.contribution

D.relation

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.outbreak

B.outset

C.output

D.outlet

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.blooming

B.prospering

C.flourishing

D.budding

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.lookafter

B.lookinto

C.lookover

D.lookout

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.necessarily

B.properly

C.appropriately

D.accurately

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.beneficial

B.painful

C.creative

D.hazardous

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:C

第6題:A

第7題:D

第8題:A

第9題:A

第10題:C

第11題:A

第12題:A

第13題:B

第14題:C

第15題:B

第16題:C

第17題:D

第18題:A

第19題:A

第20題:D

【解析】21.考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)favorable“贊成的；有利的”；B選項(xiàng)likely“（belikelytodosth）可能的”；C選項(xiàng)preferable“更合心意的”；D選項(xiàng)prone“（bepronetosth/todosth）有……傾向的”。句意：這可能是因?yàn)樵?shī)人飽受折磨并____自我毀滅。根據(jù)句意，A、C選項(xiàng)不符合語(yǔ)境，排除；原文to后面接的是名詞self-destruction“自殺”，根據(jù)用法，排除B選項(xiàng)。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為D。

22.考查上下文語(yǔ)義。A選項(xiàng)ignored“被忽視”；B選項(xiàng)admitted“被承認(rèn)”；C選項(xiàng)noticed“被注意到”；D選項(xiàng)denied“被否認(rèn)”。句意：詩(shī)人可能很年輕就出名了，所以他們的早逝_(tái)___。根據(jù)句意，詩(shī)人很年輕就出名，即被很多人認(rèn)識(shí)，那么他們的早逝也會(huì)被很多人知道，C選項(xiàng)noticed“被注意到”最符合語(yǔ)義。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

23.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)discharged“（氣體或液體）排放，流出”；B選項(xiàng)published“（在報(bào)刊）發(fā)表”；C選項(xiàng)released“釋放；公布（信息）”；D選項(xiàng)delivered“發(fā)表（演說(shuō)）；宣布（裁決）”。句意：這篇報(bào)告____于《死亡研究雜志》……。根據(jù)句意，指報(bào)告在雜志上發(fā)表，并不是發(fā)表演說(shuō)，也不是公布某些信息，B選項(xiàng)published“（在報(bào)刊）發(fā)表”最符合句意。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為B。

24.考查上下文語(yǔ)義。A選項(xiàng)subsequent“隨后的”；B選項(xiàng)various“不同的”；C選項(xiàng)latest“最新的；最近的”；D選項(xiàng)previous“以前的”。句意：Kaufman研究了來(lái)自美國(guó)、中國(guó)、土耳其和東歐，來(lái)自____世紀(jì)的1987個(gè)去世的作家。根據(jù)句意，Kaufman研究的是已故的作家，排除A選項(xiàng)；后文Kaufmanstudiedsomewriterswholivedhundredsofyearsago（Kaufman研究的一些作家生活在幾百年前），由此推測(cè)，Kaufman研究的作家來(lái)自不同的世紀(jì)，有的是幾百年前的，有的可能是比較近的。另外，做研究本就應(yīng)該選取豐富的有代表性的樣本數(shù)據(jù)，B選項(xiàng)various“不同的”最符合句意。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為B。

25.考查上下文語(yǔ)義。A選項(xiàng)simplify“簡(jiǎn)化”；B選項(xiàng)identify“辨別出”；C選項(xiàng)classify“分類”；D選項(xiàng)verify“核實(shí)”。句意：他____作家為小說(shuō)作家、詩(shī)人、劇作家和非小說(shuō)作家。根據(jù)句意，他應(yīng)該是把所研究的作家分成了小說(shuō)作者、詩(shī)人、劇作家、非小說(shuō)作家4類，C選項(xiàng)classify“分類”最符合句意。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

26.考查上下文語(yǔ)義。A選項(xiàng)significantly“明顯地”；B選項(xiàng)similarly“相似地”；C選項(xiàng)slightly“些微”；D選項(xiàng)simply“簡(jiǎn)單地；僅僅”。句意：“在美國(guó)、中國(guó)和土耳其的作家之中，詩(shī)人比非小說(shuō)作家____死得更早?！备鶕?jù)句意，排除B、D選項(xiàng)；由上下文可知，詩(shī)人比非小說(shuō)家死得更早的現(xiàn)象很普遍，引起了研究者的注意，而對(duì)此進(jìn)行研究，A選項(xiàng)significantly“明顯地”最符合句意。C選項(xiàng)slightly“些微”，代入得到的句意