考研考博-英語-南京中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-南京中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Theteacherblamedhisstudentsforplayingpranksintheclassroom.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tricks

B.nudes

C.cribs

D.quips

【答案】A

【解析】句意：老師責(zé)備他的學(xué)生在教室里搞惡作劇。pranks指“惡作劇”。tricks詭計(jì)，騙局；nudes肉色針織物；cribs嬰兒床，柵欄；quips妙語，諷刺語。選項(xiàng)A與之意思相近。

2.翻譯題

許多人覺得跟計(jì)算機(jī)打交道比跟人打交道更自在。計(jì)算機(jī)更有耐心，不會對操作的人評頭論足。許多學(xué)生向教師請教的時(shí)候，總會感到緊張，他們樂于向計(jì)算機(jī)提問。有些病人更愿意向計(jì)算機(jī)而不是向醫(yī)生說明自己的病情，甚至出現(xiàn)了能夠解決心理問題的計(jì)算機(jī)程序，因?yàn)樵S多人覺得與別人討論自己的心理問題不太自在。

【答案】答：

Manypeoplefeelthatit’smorecomfortabletodealwithcomputersthanwithpeople.Theywillnotfeeljudgedbecausethecomputerismorepatient.Manystudentsfeelnervouswhentheyaskteachersforadvice,sotheyaremorewillingtoturntocomputers.Somepatientsprefertoexplaintheirillnesstoacomputerratherthanadoctor.Asaresult,thereareevencomputerprogramsthatcandealwithpsychologicalproblems,becausemanyfeeluncomfortablediscussingtheirpsychologicalproblemswithothers.

3.單選題

2.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Tuberculosis(肺結(jié)核).

B.Rhinitis(鼻炎).

C.Laryngitis(喉炎).

D.Flu.

【答案】D

【解析】W:Goodafternoon,doctor.Ihaveaterribleheadache.YesterdayIhadarunnynose.Nowmynoseisstuffedup.

M:Letmegiveyouanexamination.First,letmehavealookatyourthroat.Ok,nowletmeexamineyourchest.Doyouhaveahistoryoftuberculosis?

W:No,Idon’tthinkso.

M:Yourthroatisinflamedandyourtongueisthicklycoated.Youhaveallthesymtomsofinfluenza.

Q:Whatisthewomansufferingfrom?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。醫(yī)生說：Youhaveallthesymptomsofinfluenza，即他認(rèn)為女士有流感的所有癥狀。

4.單選題

Itwasnotuntilshereturnedhome（）sherealizedshehadalmostwastedtenofhervaluablehours..

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.and

B.when

C.then

D.that

【答案】D

【解析】本句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句,itis/wasnotuntil...that...強(qiáng)調(diào)的是直到她回到家的這個時(shí)候。句意：直到回到家,她才意識到她幾乎浪費(fèi)了她寶貴的十個小時(shí)。

5.單選題

Fiber-opticcablescancarryhundredsoftelephoneconversations____.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.simultaneously

B.spontaneously

C.homogeneously

D.contemporarily

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.simultaneously同時(shí)地B.spontaneously自發(fā)地；自然地

C.homogeneously同樣地D.contemporarily當(dāng)今；時(shí)下

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】副詞辨析。

【解題思路】句意：光纖電纜可以……傳輸數(shù)百個電話通話。光線電纜指的是利用光導(dǎo)纖維可進(jìn)行光纖通信。光纖通信與電波通信相比，光纖通信能提供更多的通信通路，可滿足大容量通信系統(tǒng)的需要。由此可推斷，根據(jù)邏輯，光線電纜能夠同時(shí)傳輸數(shù)個電話通話。因此選A。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)均無法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】光纖電纜可以同時(shí)傳送數(shù)百個電話。

6.單選題

EconomyTerrorizedFromWallStreettoMainStreet,Layoffs,Losses,andLittleHopeThepopularwordinbusinessbeforeSeptember11was“visibility”.Companyaftercompanycomplainedabouttheirgloomyfuturebecauseoftheworseningeconomy.Now,though,corporateAmericahasaclearvisionoftheimmediatefuture—andit’snotagoodone.“Theattackhasturnedthebusinessworldupsidedown,”saysDianeSwonk,chiefeconomistatBankOneinChicago.

Companieshavebeenawareofthepossiblelossduetotheterrorattacks.Firmsdirectlyaffectedbythehorror,suchasBoeingandMarriott,warnedoflowerprofits.Airlinelayoffsalonewilltop100,000,pushingsomeanalyststosayasmanyasonemillionworkersmaylosetheirjobsbecauseofthepost-attackrepercussions.OnCapitolHill,LawmakersandtheBushadministrationbeganpreparinganeconomicemergencyresponse.“Thefoundationsofourfreesocietyremainsound,andIamconfidentthatwewillrecoverandprosperaswehaveinthepast,”FederalReserveChairmanAlanGreenspantoldCongress.

AchiefexecutiveofFrontierAirlinesinDenverlastweekannounceda20percentflightreductionandlargescalelayoffs.

OnWallStreet,marketstumbledamidthelikelihoodofrecessionandwar:TheDowJonesindustrialaveragefellnearly700pointsMonday.“It’snolongeraboutearningsortheeconomyorinterestratesanymore,”saysMorganStanleymarketstrategistPeterCanelo.“It’saboutfear.”

SomeobserversbelieveWashington’sresponsecouldbeeffectivetopreventfurthereconomydeterioration.“Therecoverycouldbemuchsmootherthanexpectedduetothefiscalandmonetarystimuluswe’reinstorefor,”saysRichardWeiss,chiefinvestmentofficerforCityNationalBank.

RestoringconsumerconfidenceisatoppriorityforGreenspanandCongress,giventhatconsumerspendingaccountsforabouttwothirdsofthenation’stotaloutput.Tothatend,theFedhasbeenfloodingthemarketswithcash.Congress,meanwhile,isawashinplanstospendmoney,drawingdownthe$153billionSocialSecuritysurplus.There’seventalkoffurthertaxcuts.

TheeconomicdevastationoftheworstdisasteronAmericansoilisfarandwide.Lastweek,individualindustriesbegantoestimatetheloss.

Airlines

While“recessionsarebadfortheairlineindustry,terrorismisworse,”saysaseniorvicepresidentataviationconsultantsAvitas.Nowbothareseriousproblemsforairliners,asheavilyindebtedandcash-poorcompaniesareseeingadrasticreductioninbookings.Someplanesareflyinglessthanhalffull.Expertspredictthatthiswillputsomeairlinersoutofbusinessandthetotalindustrylosseswillamountto$10billionbytheendofnextyear.

When—andif—theindustryrecovers,itwillhavebeenfundamentallychanged.Passengersmightfindfewerflightsoverallandlimitedservicetosmallerairports,asairlinesfocusonlarge,profitablehubs(交通樞紐).

Oil

AsU.S.navalforcesheadedoutfromNorfolktowardtheMiddleEast，theoilmarketwasnervousbutfocusedasmuchonrecessionasonthethreatofwar.Crudepricessliddownwardduetothepredictedeconomicslowdownandadropinairtravelwhichwouldreducedemand.Still,withtheprospectofarmedconflictveryreal,analystsseeconsiderableriskofhigherenergyprices,especiallywhenthewarmightinvolveIraq,anoil-producingcountry.

ButMichaelLynchoftheresearchfirmDRI-WEFAsaidthatdespitedecreasingdemand,theterrorattackhadproducedan“uncertaintyeffect”thatwouldpossiblydriveoilpriceshigherintheweeksahead.Lynchsaidthatoilcompaniesandlargeindustrialusersofoilverylikelywouldattempttobuildtheirinventoriesamiduncertainty.

Retailing

Manyshoppersstayedhomeduringtheweekoftheattack.FederatedDepartmentStores，whichownsBloomingdale’sandMacy’s,saidsalesduringtheweekwere$65million,orabout20percent,belowitsforecasts.Otherretailers,includingWal-MartStoresandbookstorechainsBordersGroupandBarnes&Noble,aswellasteenapparelretailerAmericanEagleOutfitters,reportedafastdecreaseinsalesbutsomereboundbylastweekend.“Forthemostpart,salesarestartingtocomeback,butthey’renotwherewewantthemtobe,”saysTracyMullin,presidentoftheNationalRetailFederation.

Consumersalreadyplanningthepurchaseofanewcar,appliance,orotherbig-ticketitemmaygoahead,butforgetthosewhohadonlybeguntothinkaboutbuying,saysMarianFriestad,presidentoftheSocietyforConsumerPsychology.“Thiswouldbeatimewhenpeoplewouldnotbeparticularlyopentochangingtheirpurchasebehaviorortryingnewthings,”shesays.Frivolouspurchases,likeperfumeandfashion,willprobablydecline.

Media

OnMadisonAvenue,advertisingindustryexecutivesestimatedtheirlossesafternearlyaweekwithoutnetworkTVads.Butthatisnotall.ManycompaniesfeltitinappropriatetoadvertiseduringsuchatimeoftragedyandcanceledtheircommercialsonTV.

Thistrendislikelytomeanfurtherlossesforanindustryalreadysufferingfromasharpcutbackinspending.

Already,thesixTVnetworksreportanestimated$320millioninlostasrevenuesduetotheattack.Andfourofthecountry’snewspapergroupswarnedofashortfallinthird-quarterearningsbecauseofcanceledads.

Entertainment

ThemostpressingquestionrightnowiswhatwillhappeninTV,alreadysufferingfromabigdropinadvertising.Althoughthenewseasonhasbeenprettywellpurgedofanyreferencesthatmightbedeemedoffensiveinthewakeoftheattack,thereisseriousdoubtaboutviewers’tastesinthefuture.

Twobig-budgetfilms—BigTroubleandCollateralDamage—wereshelvedindefinitelylastweek.OthermovieswithNewYorkthemeswerepushedback.StillmoreweresimplyscrubbedcleanoftheirreferencestoterrorismandtheWorldTradeCenter.However,theentertainmentindustrymaynotsufferlong-termdamage,withlossesexpectedtoleveloffbythefirstquarterofnextyear,accordingtoanalysts.

Insurance

Alreadystunnedbyaplungeinprofitsandlossesfromstormsinthefirsthalfoftheyear,propertyandcasualtyinsurersnowfaceevenworse.“Allprofitswillbewipedout,”saysananalyst.Despitesomeloss,analystsareconfidentthattheindustrywillbeabletomeettheestimated$30billioninprojectedclaims,alossthatcouldescalateifcostlybusiness-interruptionandpersonalinjuryclaimsaccelerate.

Onethingiscertain:Therewillbehigherratesandmorelimitedcoverageforterroristorwar-relatedevents,especiallyforairlines.

8.Accordingtothepassage,whatisNOTthepossiblelossduetotheterrorattacksintheU.S.?

9.ThemostimportanttaskfortheBushAdministrationisto____.

10.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutairlineslossisWRONG?

11.ThetwoseriousproblemsforAmericanairlinementionedinthepassageare____.

12.Theeffectofthisattackontheoilpriceis____.

13.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutretailingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?

14.Already,thesixTVnetworksreportanestimated____inlostadrevenues.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Firmsdirectlyaffectedbythehorrorwillsufferlowerprofits.

B.Onemillionworkersmaylosetheirjobsbecauseofthepost-attackrepercussions.

C.TheDowJonesindustrialaveragefellabout700points.

D.Washingtonalsolosesitsconfidencetopreventfurthereconomydeterioration.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.estimateanexactloss

B.limitimmigration

C.cuttaxforallthecompanies

D.restoreconsumerconfidence

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Someairlinesareseeingadrasticreductioninbookings.

B.Someplanesareflyinglessthanhalffull.

C.Thetotalindustrylosseswillreach$10billionbytheendofthisyear.

D.Someairlinerswillbeputoutofbusiness.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.recessionsandterrorism

B.oilpriceandeconomydepression

C.airlineserviceandsafety

D.layoffsandfinance

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.uncertain

B.slim

C.clear

D.unprecedented

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.Manyshoppersstayedhomeduringtheweekoftheattack.

B.SomeretailersarestilloptimisticabouttheirsalesinthecomingChristmasseason.

C.Someretailersreportedafastdecreaseinsalesbutsomereboundbylastweekend.

D.Suchfrivolouspurchasesasperfumeandfashionwillprobablydecline.

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.$10million

B.$65million

C.$320million

D.$153million

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

第6題:B

第7題:C

【解析】8.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“根據(jù)文章，什么不是恐怖襲擊可能給美國造成的損失”，可定位到原文第2段第1句Companieshavebeenawareofthepossiblelossduetotheterrorattacks.（公司已經(jīng)意識到恐怖襲擊可能造成的損失。）A選項(xiàng)“直接受到恐慌影響的公司利潤會降低”，可定位到第2段第2句Firmsdirectlyaffectedbythehorror,…,warnedoflowerprofits.（直接受到恐怖襲擊影響的公司……都發(fā)出了利潤下降的警告。）由此可知，A選項(xiàng)是損失，排除；B選項(xiàng)“100萬工人可能會因?yàn)橐u擊后的影響而失去工作”，可定位到第2段第3句Airlinelayoffsalonewilltop100,000,pushingsomeanalyststosayasmanyasonemillionworkersmaylosetheirjobsbecauseofthepost-attackrepercussions.（僅航空公司的裁員人數(shù)就將超過10萬人，因此一些分析人士認(rèn)為，由于襲擊事件的影響，多達(dá)100萬名員工可能會失去工作。）由此可知，B選項(xiàng)是損失，排除；C選項(xiàng)“道瓊斯工業(yè)平均指數(shù)下跌約700點(diǎn)”，可定位到第4段第1句OnWallStreet,marketstumbledamidthelikelihoodofrecessionandwar:TheDowJonesindustrialaveragefellnearly700pointsMonday.（在華爾街，由于經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退和戰(zhàn)爭的可能性，市場下跌：道瓊斯工業(yè)平均指數(shù)周一下跌近700點(diǎn)。）由此可知，C選項(xiàng)是損失，排除；D選項(xiàng)“華盛頓對防止經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)一步惡化也失去信心”，可定位到第5段最后一句“Therecoverycouldbemuchsmootherthanexpectedduetothefiscalandmonetarystimuluswe’reinstorefor,”saysRichardWeiss,chiefinvestmentofficerforCityNationalBank.（花旗國民銀行首席投資官RichardWeiss表示：“由于我們準(zhǔn)備采取的財(cái)政和貨幣刺激措施，復(fù)蘇可能比預(yù)期要平穩(wěn)得多?！保┯纱丝芍?，政府并未對經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展失去信心，D符合題意。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為D。

9.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“布什政府最重要的任務(wù)是”,可定位到原文第6段第1句RestoringconsumerconfidenceisatoppriorityforGreenspanandCongress…（恢復(fù)消費(fèi)者信心是Greenspan和國會的首要任務(wù)……）由此可知，國會即政府最重要的任務(wù)是恢復(fù)消費(fèi)者的信心，D選項(xiàng)“重振消費(fèi)者的信心”表述正確。A選項(xiàng)“估計(jì)確切的損失”，可定位到原文第7段最后一句Lastweek,individualindustriesbegantoestimatetheloss.（上周，個別行業(yè)開始估算損失。）由此可知，估計(jì)損失并不是政府的工作，排除；B選項(xiàng)“限制移民”，原文并未提及，排除；C選項(xiàng)“為所有公司減稅”，可定位到原文第6段最后一句There’seventalkoffurthertaxcuts.（甚至還有關(guān)于進(jìn)一步減稅的討論。）由此可知，政府的確有減稅的打算，但是，結(jié)合本段主旨，政府打算減稅是為了恢復(fù)消費(fèi)者的信心，所以減稅不是最重要的任務(wù)，排除。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為D。

10.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“下列關(guān)于航空公司損失的陳述哪一項(xiàng)是錯誤的”，可定位到原文Airlines小節(jié)。A選項(xiàng)“一些航空公司的預(yù)訂量大幅減少”，可定位到本小節(jié)第1段第2句Nowbothareseriousproblemsforairliners,asheavilyindebtedandcash-poorcompaniesareseeingadrasticreductioninbookings.（如今，這兩種情況對航空公司來說都是嚴(yán)重的問題，因?yàn)樨?fù)債累累、現(xiàn)金匱乏的公司的預(yù)訂量大幅減少。）由此可知，A選項(xiàng)表述正確，排除；B選項(xiàng)“有些飛機(jī)的上座率還不到一半”，可定位到本小節(jié)第1段第3句Someplanesareflyinglessthanhalffull.（有些飛機(jī)的上座率還不到一半。）由此可知，B選項(xiàng)表述正確，排除；C選項(xiàng)“到今年年底，整個行業(yè)的損失將達(dá)到100億美元”，可定位到本小節(jié)第1段最后一句Expertspredictthat…thetotalindustrylosseswillamountto$10billionbytheendofnextyear.（專家預(yù)測，……到明年年底，整個行業(yè)的損失將達(dá)到100億美元。）由此可知，選項(xiàng)表述錯誤，不是今年年底，而是明年年底，該選項(xiàng)符合題意；D選項(xiàng)“一些航空公司將被淘汰”，可定位到本小節(jié)第1段最后一句Expertspredictthatthiswillputsomeairlinersoutofbusiness…（專家預(yù)測，這將使一些航空公司破產(chǎn)……），由此可知，D選項(xiàng)表述正確，排除。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

11.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“文中提到的美國航空公司面臨的兩個嚴(yán)重問題是____”，可定位到原文Airlines小節(jié)第1段第1句While“recessionsarebadfortheairlineindustry,terrorismisworse,”saysaseniorvicepresidentataviationconsultantsAvitas.（航空咨詢公司Avitas的一位高級副總裁說：“經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退對航空業(yè)不利，恐怖主義則更糟?！保┯纱丝芍绹娇展久媾R的兩個嚴(yán)重問題是經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退和恐怖主義。A選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退和恐怖主義”表述符合題意。B選項(xiàng)“油價(jià)和經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條”、C選項(xiàng)“航空服務(wù)和安全”、D選項(xiàng)“裁員和金融”，原文均未提及。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為A。

12.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“這次襲擊對油價(jià)的影響是”，可定位到原文Oil小節(jié)。本小節(jié)第1段第2句Crudepricessliddownwardduetothepredictedeconomicslowdownandadropinairtravelwhichwouldreducedemand.（由于預(yù)期的經(jīng)濟(jì)放緩，以及航空旅行的減少導(dǎo)致的原油需求減少，原油價(jià)格下跌。）和第1段第3句…analystsseeconsiderableriskofhigherenergyprices,especiallywhenthewarmightinvolveIraq,anoil-producingcountry.（……分析人士認(rèn)為，能源價(jià)格上漲有相當(dāng)大的可能，尤其是當(dāng)戰(zhàn)爭可能涉及石油生產(chǎn)國伊拉克的時(shí)候。）綜合兩句可知，經(jīng)濟(jì)放緩和航空公司對原油的需求減少，可能導(dǎo)致原油價(jià)格下降，而可能發(fā)生在石油生產(chǎn)國的戰(zhàn)爭會導(dǎo)致原油價(jià)格上升，所以這次襲擊對油價(jià)的影響是不確定的。本節(jié)第2段第1句的“uncertaintyeffect（不確定的影響）”以及最后一句里的“amiduncertainty（在不確定的情況下）”都進(jìn)一步證明了這種影響的不確定性，A選項(xiàng)“不確定的”符合原文。B選項(xiàng)“很小的”、C選項(xiàng)“清楚的”、D選項(xiàng)“空前的”，表述都不正確。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為A。

13.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“下面哪個關(guān)于零售的陳述沒有在文章中提到”，可定位到原文Retailing小節(jié)。A選項(xiàng)“在襲擊發(fā)生的那一周，許多購物者都呆在家里”，可定位到本節(jié)第1段第1句Manyshoppersstayedhomeduringtheweekoftheattack.（在襲擊發(fā)生的那一周，許多購物者都待在家里。）選項(xiàng)表述與原文相符，排除；B選項(xiàng)“一些零售商對即將到來的圣誕季的銷售仍持樂觀態(tài)度”可定位到本節(jié)第1段最后一句“Forthemostpart,salesarestartingtocomeback,butthey’renotwherewewantthemtobe,”saysTracyMullin,presidentoftheNationalRetailFederation.（“在很大程度上，銷售開始回升，但還沒有達(dá)到我們的預(yù)期，”美國零售聯(lián)合會主席TracyMullin說。）由此可知，雖然銷售開始回升，但是還是沒有達(dá)到預(yù)期，無法得出“樂觀”的結(jié)論。另外原文沒有關(guān)于圣誕季銷售的表述，無從得知零售商們的態(tài)度。C選項(xiàng)“一些零售商報(bào)告稱銷售額迅速下降，但上周末有所反彈”，可定位到本屆第1段第3句Otherretailers,including…,reportedafastdecreaseinsalesbutsomereboundbylastweekend.（包括……在內(nèi)的其他零售商的銷售額都出現(xiàn)了快速下滑，但上周末出現(xiàn)了一些反彈。）選項(xiàng)表述與原文相符，排除；D選項(xiàng)“諸如香水和時(shí)尚等無關(guān)緊要的商品的購買可能會減少”，可定位到本節(jié)第2段最后一句Frivolouspurchases,likeperfumeandfashion,willprobablydecline.（諸如香水和時(shí)尚之類無關(guān)緊要的商品的消費(fèi)可能會減少。）選項(xiàng)表述與原文相符，排除。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為B。

14.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“六家電視網(wǎng)絡(luò)已經(jīng)報(bào)道了估計(jì)____的廣告收入損失”，可定位到原文Media小節(jié)第3段第1句Already,thesixTVnetworksreportanestimated$320millioninlostasrevenuesduetotheattack.（六家電視網(wǎng)已經(jīng)報(bào)告說，這次攻擊造成的收入損失估計(jì)為3.2億美元。）C選項(xiàng)“3.2億美元”符合原文。A選項(xiàng)“1000萬美元”、B選項(xiàng)“6500萬美元”、D選項(xiàng)“1.53億美元”表述不正確。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

7.單選題

She’salwaysbeenkindtome—Ican’tjustturn（

）onhernowthatsheneedsmyhelp.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.myback

B.myhead

C.myeye

D.shoulder

【答案】A

【解析】固定搭配。turnmybackonsomeone意為對某人不理睬。

8.單選題

8.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Oneminute.

B.Fifteenminutes.

C.Halfanhour.

D.Fiveminutes.

【答案】B

【解析】W:Howlongdoesthepainlast?

M:Justashortwhile.

W:Aminute,5minute,halfanhour?

M:Oh,nothalfanhour.

W:Howlongdoesitlast?

M:Aboutaquarterofanhour.

Q:Howlongdoesthemansaythepainlast?

【解析】男人最后說的是“aquarterofanhour”,即15分鐘。故選B。

9.單選題

Inlargepartasaconsequenceofthefeministmovement,historianshavefocusedagreatdealofattentioninrecentyearsondeterminingmoreaccuratelythestatusofwomeninvariousperiods.Althoughmuchhasbeenaccomplishedforthemodernperiodpremoderncultureshaveprovedmoredifficult:sourcesarerestrictedinnumber,fragmentary,difficulttointerpret,andoftencontradictory.ThusitisnotparticularlysurprisingthatsomeearlierscholarshipconcerningsuchcultureshassofargoneunchallengeD.AnexampleisJohannBaehofen’s1861treatiseonAmazons,women-ruledsocietiesofquestionableexistencecontemporarywithancientGreece.

Startingfromthepremisethatmythologyandlegendpreserveatleastanucleusofhistoricalfact,Bachofenarguedthatwomenweredominantinmanyancientsocieties.HisworkwasbasedonacomprehensivesurveyofreferencesintheancientsourcestoAmazonianandothersocietieswithmatrilinealcustoms—societiesinwhichdescentandpropertyrightsaretracedthroughthefemaleline.Somesupportforhistheorycanbefoundinevidencesuchasthatdrawnfrom

Herodotus,theGreek“historian”ofthefifthcenturyB.C.,whopeaksofanAmazoniansociety,theSauromatae,wherethewomenhuntedandfoughtinwars.Awomaninthissocietywasnotallowedtomarryuntilshehadkilledapersoninbattle.

Nonetheless,thisassumptionthatthefirstrecordersofancientmythshavepreservedfactsisproblematiC.IfonebeginsbyexaminingwhyancientsrefertoAmazons,itbecomesclearthatancientGreekdescriptionsofsuchsocietiesweremeantnotsomuchtorepresentobservedhistoricalfact-realAmazoniansocieties-butrathertooffer"morallessons"onthesupposedoutcomeofwomen'sruleintheirownsociety.TheAmazonswereoftencharacterized,forexample,astheequivalentsofgiantsandcentaurs,enemiestobeslainbyGreekheroes.Theircustomswerepresentednotasthoseofrespectablesociety,butastheveryantithesesofordinary-Greekpractices.

Thus,IwouldarguethepurposeofaccountsoftheAmazonsfortheirmaleGreekrecorderswasdidactic,toteachbothmaleandfemaleGreeksthatallfemalegroups,formedbywithdrawalfromtraditionalsociety,aredestructiveanddangerous.MythsabouttheAmazonswerenotforthemale-dominatedstatusquo,inwhichgroupscomposedexclusivelyofeithersexwerenotpermittedtosegregatethemselvespermanentlyfromsocietyBachofenwasthusmisledinhisrelianceonmythsforinformationaboutthestatusofwomen.Thesourcesthatwillprobablytellcontemporaryhistoriansmostaboutwomenintheancientworldaresuchsocialdocumentsasgravestones,willsandmarriagecontracts.Studiesofsuchdocumentshavealreadybegunto,showhowmistakenwearewhenwetrytoderiveourpictureoftheancientworldexclusivelyfromliterarysources,especiallymyths.

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（）.

2.AllofthefollowingarestatedbytheauthorasproblemsconnectedwiththesourcesforknowledgeofpremodernculturesEXCEPT（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingispresentedinthepassageasevidencesupportingtheauthor'sviewoftheancientGreeks'descriptionsoftheAmazons?

4.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheprobablereactionsofmanymalesinancientGreecetotheideaofasocietyruledbywomencouldbestbecharacterizedas（）.

5.TheauthorsuggeststhatthemainreasonforthepersistinginfluenceofBachofen'sworkisthat（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.comparecompetingnewapproachestounderstandingtheroleofwomeninancientsocieties

B.investigatetheramificationsofBachofen'stheoryaboutdominanceofwomeninancientsocieties

C.explaintheburgeoninginterestamonghistoriansindeterminingtheactualstatusofwomeninvarioussocieties

D.criticizethevalueofancientmythsindeterminingthestatusofwomeninancientsocieties

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.partialcompleteness

B.restrictedaccessibility

C.difficultyofinterpretation

D.limitedquantity

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.TherequirementthatSauromataewomenkillinbattlebeforemarrying

B.Thefailureofhistorianstoverifythatwomenwereevergovernorsofancientsocieties

C.TheclassingofAmazonswithgiantsandcentaurs

D.Thewell-establishedunreliabilityofHerodotusasasourceofinformationaboutancientsocieties

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.confusedanddismayed

B.waryandhostile

C.cynicalanddisinterested

D.curiousbutfearful

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.feministshaveshownlittleinterestisancientsocieties

B.Bachofen'sknowledgeofAmazoniancultureisunparalleled

C.reliableinformationabouttheancientworldisdifficulttoacquire

D.ancientsocietiesshowthebestevidenceofwomeninpositionsofpower.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章提及古代文化研究婦女在各歷史時(shí)期的地位受到資料限制而且相互矛盾，之后談及神話和傳說對這一問題的分析，最后作者認(rèn)為，對這類文獻(xiàn)資料的研究早已開始證明，當(dāng)我們通過神話來獲取對古代世界的理解，是十分失誤的。因此，綜合考慮，這篇文章的主要目的是選項(xiàng)D。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。通過題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到原文“Althoughmuchhasbeenaccomplishedforthemodernperiodpremodemcultureshaveprovedmoredifficult:sourcesarerestrictedinnumber,fragmentary,difficulttointerpret,andoftencontradictory.”，中文翻譯：雖然在現(xiàn)代時(shí)期己經(jīng)完成了很多，但前現(xiàn)代文化被證明是更困難的：來源受到限制，數(shù)量有限，不完整，難以解釋，而且常常是矛盾的。因此最佳答案為B選項(xiàng)，只有B沒有提及。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文“IfonebeginsbyexaminingwhyancientsrefertoAmazons,itbecomesclearthatancientGreekdescriptionsofsuchsocietiesweremeantnotsomuchtorepresentobservedhistoricalfact-realAmazoniansocieties-butrathertooffer"morallessons"onthesupposedoutcomeofwomen'sruleintheirownsociety.”，中文翻譯：如果我們先研究一下為什么古人會提到亞馬遜人，下面的一點(diǎn)就變得清晰了，那就是古希臘對于這種社會的廟睡不是太多的被用來表達(dá)觀察的歷史事實(shí)一一真正的亞馬遜社會的_——而是為了對于婦女在其社會中的統(tǒng)治的預(yù)期后果提供一種“道德教導(dǎo)”。以及原文中“TheAmazonswereoftencharacterized,forexample,astheequivalentsofgiantsandcentaurs,enemiestobeslainbyGreekheroes.Theircustomswerepresentednotasthoseofrespectablesociety,butastheveryantithesesofordinary-Greekpractices.”，原文翻譯為：例如，亞馬遜人經(jīng)常被描述為巨人和馬人的等份物，被希臘英雄殺死的敵人。他們的習(xí)俗并不是作為受人尊敬的社會的習(xí)俗來呈現(xiàn)的，而是作為普通希臘習(xí)俗的真實(shí)對照。由此可以推斷出答案選擇C。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文“...toteachbothmaleandfemaleGreeksthatallfemalegroups,formedbywithdrawalfromtraditionalsociety,aredestructiveanddangerous.MythsabouttheAmazonswerenotforthemale-dominatedstatusquo,Linwhichgroupscomposedexclusivelyofeithersexwerenotpermittedtosegregatethemselvespermanentlyfromsociety.”.”。中文翻譯為：是教誨古希臘的男性和女性這樣一個道理，即那些脫離了傳統(tǒng)社會而形成的純女性群體是破壞性的和危險(xiǎn)的。有關(guān)亞馬遜人的神話是用作論據(jù)來為男人統(tǒng)治的現(xiàn)狀做辯護(hù)的，在這種現(xiàn)狀下，純粹地由任一性別構(gòu)成的群體是不允許與社會永久性地隔絕開來的。由此可知，B項(xiàng)符合題目描述。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到原文“Althoughmuchhasbeenaccomplishedforthemodernperiodpremoderncultureshaveprovedmoredifficult:sourcesarerestrictedinnumber,fragmentary,difficulttointerpret,andoftencontradictory.ThusitisnotparticularlysurprisingthatsomeearlierscholarshipconcerningsuchcultureshassofargoneunchallengeD.AnexampleisJohannBaehofen’s1861treatiseonAmazons,women-ruledsocietiesofquestionableexistencecontemporarywithancientGreece.”中文翻譯為：雖然對現(xiàn)當(dāng)代的研究成就斐然，但是古代文化的研究要證明更為困難：資料來源數(shù)量有限，支離破碎，難以解釋且經(jīng)?；ハ嗝堋Ｒ虼?，人們并不特別驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，有關(guān)這些古代文化的早期學(xué)術(shù)研究迄今為止聽?wèi){其流傳下來，而未遭到質(zhì)疑。其中一個實(shí)例就是約翰?巴霍芬1861年論述亞馬遜人的論文，而所謂亞馬遜人，即那些由女性統(tǒng)治的社會，其難置可否的存在與古希臘同期。綜合可知。C選項(xiàng)是其主要原因。

10.單選題

Attheweddingceremony,thebridegroomandhisbrideexchangedringsasa______oftheirlove.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.present

B.token

C.mark

D.sign

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.present禮物；禮品B.token象征；標(biāo)志

C.mark污點(diǎn)；污漬D.sign跡象；征兆

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)thebridegroomandhisbrideexchangedrings（新郎和新娘交換了戒指）可推知，交換戒指是愛情的象征，故該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】在婚禮上，新郎和新娘交換了戒指作為他們愛情的象征。

11.單選題

Opponentsofaffirmativeactionsaythebattleovertheuseofraceincollegeadmissionsishardlyover,despitetheSupremeCourt’srulingMondayupholdingthegoalofadiversestudentbody.Highereducationleadersoverwhelminglyhailedthedecision,sayingitreaffirmedpoliciesusedbymostselectivecollegesanduniversities.Butsomecriticsraisedthepossibilityofmorelawsuits,andpromisedtocontinuepressuringtheDepartmentofEducation’sOfficeofCivilRightstoinvestigatequestionablepolicies.“We’retalkingaboutadmissionsprograms,scholarships,anyprogram,onlyforminoritiesorinwhichthestandardsusedtojudgeadmissionsaresubstantiallydifferent.”saysLindaChavez,founderandpresidentoftheCenterforEqualOpportunity,aconservativenon-profitgroup.

Otherssaythey'lltaketheircasetovoters.“Wehavetoseriouslycontestallthisattheballotbox.”SaysUniversityofCaliforniaregentWardCannerly,whohelpedwinvoterapprovalofCalifornia'sProposition209,whichprohibitsconsideringrace