考研考博-英語-川北幼兒師范高等?？茖W(xué)校押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-川北幼兒師范高等?？茖W(xué)校押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Thesenatorwasaccusedofwafflingonmajorissues.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.vaguing

B.stiffening

C.vacillating

D.reshuffling

【答案】A

【解析】考查同義形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)vaguing“模糊的，含糊的，不明確的，曖昧的”；B選項(xiàng)stiffening“變硬，（使）變粘稠”；C選項(xiàng)vacillating“躊躇的，搖擺的”；D選項(xiàng)reshuffling“重新安排，重新排序”。句意：這位參議員被指責(zé)在重大問題上含糊其辭。Waffling“優(yōu)柔寡斷的，模糊不清的”，A選項(xiàng)與該詞意思最相近，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Amywaselectedchairmanofthecommitteebya（

）vote.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ambiguous

B.synonymous

C.simultaneous

D.unanimous

【答案】D

【解析】ambiguous模糊不清的；synonymous同義的；simultaneous同時(shí)發(fā)生的；unanimous全體一致的。句意:艾米經(jīng)全體一致投票當(dāng)選為委員會(huì)主席。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

3.翻譯題

1.Butisitreallythecase?TheinformationI’vecollectedoverlastfewyearsleadsmetobelievethatartisticandculturalprojectsmaybelessusefulthanmanygovernmentsthink.Infact,basicinfrastructureprojectsareplayingextremelyimportantroleandshouldbegivenpriority.

2.Thosewhoareinfavorofartisticandculturalprojectsadvocatethatculturalenvironmentwillattractmoretourists,whichwillbringhugeprofitstolocalresidents.Somepeopleevenequatethebuildingofsuchprojectswiththeimprovingofeconomicconstruction.

3.Thereisagrowingtendencythesedaysformanypeoplewholiveinruralareastocomeintoandworkincity.Thisproblemhascausedwidepublicconcerninmostcitiesallovertheworld.Aninvestigationshowsthatmanyemigrantsthinkthatworkingatcityprovidethemwithnotonlyahighersalarybutalsotheopportunityoflearningnewskills.

4.Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,Ifirmlybelievethattimewillprovethattraditionaltechnologyandmethodswoulddieoutwiththedevelopmentofmodernscienceandtechnology.Themaintenanceofthetraditionaltechnologyandmethodsisfutile.

5.Todayanincreasingnumberofpeoplehaverealizedthatlaweducationisofgreatimportance.Inordertokeeplawandorder,everyoneofusissupposedtogetalaweducation.

【答案】1.但這是真的嗎？這些年我收集的信息讓我相信這些文化、藝術(shù)項(xiàng)目并沒有許多政府想象的那么重要。事實(shí)上，基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)非常重要，應(yīng)該放在首位。

2.那些贊成建設(shè)文化藝術(shù)項(xiàng)目的人認(rèn)為文化環(huán)境會(huì)吸引更多的游客，這將給當(dāng)?shù)鼐用駧砭薮蟮睦?。一些人甚至把建設(shè)文化藝術(shù)項(xiàng)目與發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)等同起來。

3.農(nóng)民進(jìn)城打工正成為增長(zhǎng)的趨勢(shì)。這一問題在世界上大部分城市已引起普遍關(guān)注。一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示很多民工認(rèn)為在城市打工不但有較高的收入，而且能學(xué)到一些新技術(shù)。

4.通過以上討論，我堅(jiān)定地相信時(shí)間會(huì)證明傳統(tǒng)技術(shù)方法將會(huì)隨著現(xiàn)代技術(shù)的發(fā)展而消亡，堅(jiān)持傳統(tǒng)技術(shù)方法是徒勞的。

5.現(xiàn)在，越來越多的人認(rèn)識(shí)到了法制教育的重要性。為了維護(hù)社會(huì)治安，我們每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該接受法制教育。

4.單選題

Itishardtopredicthowscienceisgoingtoturnout,andifitisreallygoodscienceitisimpossibletopredict.Ifthethingstobefoundareactuallynew,theyarebydefinitionunknowninadvance.Youcannotmakechoicesinthismatter.Youeitherhavescienceoryoudon’t,andifyouhaveityouareobligedtoacceptthesurprisinganddisturbingpiecesofinformation,alongwiththeneatandpromptlyusefulbits.

TheonlysolidpieceofscientifictruthaboutwhichIfeeltotallyconfidentisthatweareprofoundlyignorantaboutnature.Indeed,Iregardthisasthemajordiscoveryofthepasthundredyearsofbiology.Itis,initsway,anilluminationpieceofnews.Itwouldhaveamazedthebrightestmindsofthe18thcenturyEnlightenment（啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)）tobetoldbyanyofushowlittleweknowandhowbewilderingseemsthewayahead.Itisthissuddenconfrontationwiththedepthandscopeofignorancethatrepresentsthemostsignificantcontributionofthe20thcenturysciencetothehumanintellect.Inearliertimes,weeitherpretendedtounderstandhowthingsworkedorignoredtheproblem,orsimplymadeupstoriestofillthegaps.Nowthatwehavebegunexploringinearnest,wearegettingglimpsesofhowhugethequestionsare,andhowfarfrombeinganswered.Becauseofthis,wearedepressed.Itisnotsobadbeingignorantifyouaretotallyignorant,thehardthingisknowinginsomedetailtherealityofignorance,theworstspotsandhereandtherethenot-so-badspots,butnotruelightattheendofthetunnelnorevenanytunnelsthatcanyetbetrusted.

Butwearemakingabeginning,andthereoughttobesomesatisfaction.Thereareprobablynoquestionswecanthinkupthatcan’tbeanswered,soonerorlater,includingeventhematterofconsciousness.Tobesure,theremaywellbequestionswecan’tthinkup,ever,andthereforelimitstothereachofhumanintellect,butthatisanothermatter.Withinourlimits,weshouldbeabletoworkourwaythroughtoallouranswers,ifwekeepatitlongenough,andpayattention.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,reallygoodscience（

）.

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatscientistsofthe18thcentury（

）.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueofscientistsinearliertimes?

4.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsscience?

5.Theauthorbelievesthat（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wouldsurprisethebrightestmindsofthe18thcenturyEnlightenment

B.willproduceresultswhichcannotbeforeseen

C.willhelppeopletomaketherightchoiceinadvance

D.willbringaboutdisturbingresults

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thoughtthattheyknewagreatdealandcouldsolvemostproblemsofscience

B.wereafraidoffacinguptotherealitiesofscientificresearch

C.knewthattheywereignorantandwantedtoknowmoreaboutnature

D.didmoreharmthangoodinpromotingman’sunderstandingofnature

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyinventedfalsetheoriestoexplainthingstheydidn’tunderstand.

B.Theyfalselyclaimedtoknowallaboutnature

C.Theydidnotbelieveinresultsfromscientificobservation

D.Theypaidlittleattentiontotheproblemstheydidn’tunderstand.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Heisdepressedbecauseoftheignoranceofscientists

B.Heisdoubtfulbecauseoftheenormousdifficultiesconfrontingit.

C.Heisconfidentthoughheisawareoftheenormousdifficultiesconfrontingit.

D.Heisdelightedbecauseoftheilluminatingscientificfinding.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.mancanfindsolutionstowhateverquestionsconcerningnaturehecanthinkup

B.mancannotsolvealltheproblemshecanthinkupbecauseofthelimitsofhumanintellect

C.soonerorlatermancanthinkupallthequestionsconcerningnatureandanswerthem

D.questionsconcerningconsciousnessareoutsidethescopeofscientificresearch

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.文章第一段ifitisreallygoodscienceitisimpossibletopredict提到真正好的科學(xué)不可能被預(yù)測(cè)，所以選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.文章第二段Itwouldhaveamazedthebrightestmindsofthe18thcenturyEnlightenment（啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)）tobetoldbyanyofushowlittleweknowandhowbewilderingseemsthewayahead提到如果我們中任何一個(gè)去告訴18世紀(jì)啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)中那些最聰明的人，我們知道的很少并且前途迷茫，他們會(huì)對(duì)此表示驚訝。由此可知，這些科學(xué)家與我們的想法相反的，他們認(rèn)為他們知道的很多，并且能解決很多問題，所以選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.文章第二段Inearliertimes,weeitherpretendedtounderstandhowthingsworkedorignoredtheproblem,orsimplymadeupstoriestofillthegaps提到在早期我們要么假裝知道事物的工作原理，要么忽視問題，或者簡(jiǎn)單的編造一些故事來填補(bǔ)空白。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.文章最后一段提到我們遲早會(huì)解決包括人類意識(shí)在內(nèi)的所有我們能想到的問題，還表示只要我們堅(jiān)持、專注，就能想到答案?？梢钥闯鲎髡呤欠浅Ｓ行判牡?。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.文章最后一段theremaywellbequestionswecan’tthinkup,ever,andthereforelimitstothereachofhumanintellect,butthatisanothermatter.Withinourlimits,weshouldbeabletoworkourwaythroughtoallouranswers提到會(huì)有一些問題我們想不到，但是在我們的局限范圍內(nèi)，我們應(yīng)該能夠努力得到所有的答案，由此可知我們不能想到所有問題，但是可以解決能想到的問題，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.單選題

Whichhislackofexperienceandsmallerphysique,wedon'tthinkhe（

）achanceofwinningthefight.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.stands

B.gained

C.possessed

D.took

【答案】A

【解析】standachanceofdoingsth.為固定搭配，意為“有可能做某事”，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

6.翻譯題

教育很可能是現(xiàn)在爭(zhēng)議最大、爭(zhēng)議最多的一個(gè)題目。在一個(gè)國(guó)家未來的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)越來越依靠科學(xué)和技術(shù)的時(shí)候，教育在一個(gè)國(guó)家未來的前途中起著決定性的作用。今天，享受教育的特權(quán)已不再限于極少部分人。教育的發(fā)展是如此之快，它現(xiàn)在已成為一個(gè)大行業(yè)。事實(shí)上，它是最大的行業(yè)，其雇傭的人數(shù)和所付的工資比其他任何一個(gè)全國(guó)性企業(yè)的都要多。有一些教育機(jī)構(gòu)包裝得非常漂亮，借以提高知名度和吸引學(xué)生。在一定意義上講，教育已經(jīng)變成一種商品。從事教育的人對(duì)商業(yè)化這個(gè)說法會(huì)感到很不舒服，但是，恐怕除了少數(shù)例外，很多大學(xué)已經(jīng)陷入了演變成有利可圖的大規(guī)模制造廠的過程中。培養(yǎng)心智不再吃香；推銷可出售的技能成了時(shí)髦。這就是教育的悲劇。不用說，某種拯救教育以防其更加衰落的具有想象力的辦法和共同努力早就該出臺(tái)了。競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性的考試應(yīng)該由素質(zhì)教育取代，死記硬背應(yīng)該讓位于創(chuàng)造性和解決實(shí)際問題的能力的培養(yǎng)。只有這樣，我們才能迎來教育的真正進(jìn)步。

Directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphfromChineseintoEnglish.PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】Nowadayseducationisprobablyoneofthemostcontroversialandhotlycontestedtopics.Whenacountry'seconomicgrowthinthefuturedependsmoreandmoreonscienceandtechnology,educationplaysadecisiveroleinitsfuture.Todayenjoyingtheprivilegeofreceivingeducationisnotconfinedtoaverysmallnumberofpeople.Thedevelopmentofeducationissorapidthatithasnowbecomeahugeindustry.Asamatteroffact,itisthebiggestindustry,whichemploysmorepeopleandpaysmorewagesthananyothernationalenterprise.Someeducationalorganizationsareveryattractiveinpackingwherebytheycanenhancetheirpopularityandattractstudents.Inasense,educationhasbecomeacommodity.Educatorsmayfeeluncomfortablewiththeideaofcommercialization.Butexceptforsomeexceptions,mostcollegesanduniversitiesarealreadyinvolvedintheprocessofevolvingintolarge-scaleprofitablemanufacturers.Cultivatingmentalityisnolongersought-after;promotingsalableskillshasbecomeafashion,whichisthetragedyofeducation.Needlesstosay,acertainimaginativewaytorescueeducationfromitsdeclineandjointeffortsshouldhaveappearedlongago.Competitivetestsshouldbereplacedbyquality-orientededucation;learningbyroteshouldgivewaytocultivatingcreativityandabilitytosolvepracticalproblems.Onlyinthiswaycanwegreetagenuineprogressineducation.

7.單選題

VisitorstoIndiaareoftensurprisedtofindthatTajMahalisanalmost（

）topicofconversation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inexhausted

B.inexhaustible

C.inexhaustive

D.inexhausting

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A、D選項(xiàng)單詞不存在，B選項(xiàng)inexhaustible“用不完的”；C選項(xiàng)inexhaustive“不詳盡的、不徹底的”。句意為：到印度的旅行者通常都會(huì)驚訝的發(fā)現(xiàn)泰姬陵幾乎是一個(gè)談?wù)摬煌甑脑掝}，B選項(xiàng)符合題意，故答案選B。

8.單選題

HillaryClintononTuesdaystressedthatthebattlefor（）equalityandpreventingviolenceagainstwomenneedstobeapriorityforbothwomenandmen.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.scandal

B.gender

C.ego

D.asset

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。scandal丑聞；gender性別；ego自我；asset資產(chǎn)。由“andpreventingviolenceagainstwomen防止對(duì)婦女的暴力行為”可推知前半句是提倡男女平等。故B項(xiàng)正確。句意：希拉里?克林頓于本周二強(qiáng)調(diào)，男女平等和防止針對(duì)女性的暴力行為的斗爭(zhēng)應(yīng)該是男女雙方的首要任務(wù)。

9.單選題

Thefireman（）thebabyandcarriedhimoutoftheburninghouse.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.caughtup

B.seizedup

C.snatchedup

D.heldup

【答案】C

【解析】catchup趕上；seizeup中止，失靈；snatchup奪取，抓起；holdup舉起，阻擋。句意：消防隊(duì)員一把抓起孩子，把他從著火的房子里抱了出來。選項(xiàng)C符合語境。

10.單選題

Whenglobalwarmingfinallycame,itstuckwithavengeance.Insomeregions,temperaturesroseseveraldegreesinlessthanacentury.Sealevelsshotupnearly400feet,floodingcoastalsettlementsandforcingpeopletomigrateinland.DesertsspreadthroughouttheworldasvegetationshifteddrasticallyinNorthAmerica,EuropeandAsia.Afterdrivingmanyoftheanimalsaroundthemtonearextinction,peoplewereforcedtoabandontheiroldwayoflifeforaradicallynewsurvivalstrategythatresultedinwidespreadstarvationanddisease.Theadaptationwasfarming:theglobal-warmingcrisisthatgaverisetoithappenedmorethan10,000yearsago.

AsenvironmentalistsconveneinRiodeJaneirothisweektopondertheglobalclimateofthefuture,earthscientistsareinthemidstofarevolutioninunderstandinghowclimatehaschangedinthepast—andhowthosechangeshavetransformedhumanexistence.Researchershavebeguntopiecetogetheranilluminatingpictureofthepowerfulgeologicalandastronomicalforcesthathavecombinedtochangetheplanet’senvironmentfromhottocold,wettodryandbackagainoveratimeperiodstretchingbackhundredsofmillionsofyears.

Mostimportantly,scientistsarebeginningtorealizethattheclimaticchangeshavehadamajorimpactontheevolutionofthehumanspecies.Newresearchnowsuggeststhatclimateshiftshaveplayedakeyroleinnearlyeverysignificantturningpointinhumanevolution:fromthedawnofprimatessome65millionyearsagotohumanancestorsrisinguptowalkontwolegs,fromthehugeexpansionofthehumanbraintotheriseofagriculture.Indeed,thehumanhistoryhasnotbeenmerelytouchedbyglobalclimatechange,somescientistsargue,ithasinsomeinstancesbeendrivenbyit.

ThenewresearchhasprofoundimplicationsfortheenvironmentalsummitinRio.Amongotherthings,thefindingsdemonstratethatdramaticclimatechangeisnothingnewforplanetEarth.Thebenignglobalenvironmentthathasexistedoverthepast10,000years—duringwhichagriculture,writing,citiesandmostotherfeaturesofcivilizationappeared-isamerebrightspotinamuchlargerpatternofwidelyvaryingclimateovertheages.Infact,thepatternofclimatechangeinthepastrevealsthatEarth’sclimatewillalmostcertainlygothroughdramaticchangesinthefuture—evenwithouttheinfluenceofhumanactivity.

1.Farmingemergedasasurvivalstrategybecausemanhadbeenobliged______.

2.Scientistsbelievethathumanevolution______.

3.Evidenceofpastclimaticchangesindicatesthat______.

4.Themessagetheauthorwishestoconveyinthepassageisthat______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.togiveuphisformerwayoflife

B.toleavethecoastalareas

C.tofollowtheever-shiftingvegetation

D.toabandonhisoriginalsettlement

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.hasseldombeenaccompaniedbyclimaticchanges

B.hasexertedlittleinfluenceonclimaticchanges

C.haslargelybeeneffectedbyclimaticchanges

D.hashadamajorimpactonclimaticchanges27.Evidenceofpastclimaticchangesindicatesthat______.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.humanactivitieshaveacceleratedchangesofEarth’senvironment

B.Earth’senvironmentwillremainmilddespitehumaninterference

C.Earth’sclimateisboundtochangesignificantlyinthefuture

D.Earth’sclimateisunlikelytoundergosubstantialchangesinthefuture28.Themessagetheauthorwishestoconveyinthepassageisthat______.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.humancivilizationremainsgloriousthoughitisaffectedbyclimaticchanges

B.mankindisvirtuallyhelplessinthefaceofthedramaticchangesofclimate

C.manhastolimithisactivitiestoslowdowntheglobalwarmingprocess

D.humancivilizationwillcontinuetodevelopinspiteofthechangesofnature

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:B

【解析】1.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“農(nóng)業(yè)作為一種生存策略出現(xiàn)是因?yàn)槿祟惐黄取?。根?jù)第一段最后兩句Afterdrivingmanyoftheanimalsaroundthemtonearextinction,peoplewereforcedtoabandontheiroldwayoflifeforaradicallynewsurvivalstrategythatresultedinwidespreadstarvationanddisease.Theadaptationwasfarming.（在把周圍的許多動(dòng)物逼到瀕臨滅絕的邊緣后，人們被迫放棄原有的生活方式，轉(zhuǎn)而采取一種全新的生存策略，這導(dǎo)致了大范圍的饑餓和疾病；這種適應(yīng)就是農(nóng)業(yè)。）可知，A項(xiàng)“放棄他以前的生活方式”正確；B項(xiàng)“離開沿海地區(qū)”、C項(xiàng)“跟隨不斷變化的植被”和D項(xiàng)“放棄他原來的居住地”都屬于導(dǎo)致人類被迫放棄原有生活方式的原因。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“科學(xué)家認(rèn)為人類進(jìn)化……”。由第三段第一句Mostimportantly,scientistsarebeginningtorealizethattheclimaticchangeshavehadamajorimpactontheevolutionofthehumanspecies.（最重要的是，科學(xué)家們開始意識(shí)到氣候變化已經(jīng)對(duì)人類物種的進(jìn)化產(chǎn)生了重大影響）可知，科學(xué)家認(rèn)為人類進(jìn)化受到了氣候變化的重大影響，C項(xiàng)“很大程度上受到了氣候變化的影響”正確；由此也可知，A項(xiàng)“很少伴有氣候變化”錯(cuò)誤；B項(xiàng)“對(duì)氣候變化影響不大”和D項(xiàng)“對(duì)氣候變化有重大影響”文中沒有提到。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“過去氣候變化的證據(jù)表明……”。根據(jù)文章最后一段Infact,thepatternofclimatechangeinthepastrevealsthatEarth’sclimatewillalmostcertainlygothroughdramaticchangesinthefuture—evenwithouttheinfluenceofhumanactivity.（事實(shí)上，過去的氣候變化模式表明，即使沒有人類活動(dòng)的影響，地球的氣候幾乎肯定會(huì)在未來經(jīng)歷劇烈的變化）可知，C項(xiàng)“地球的氣候在未來必然會(huì)發(fā)生顯著變化”正確；A項(xiàng)“人類活動(dòng)加速了地球環(huán)境的變化”、B項(xiàng)“盡管有人類的干擾，地球的環(huán)境仍將保持溫和”和D項(xiàng)“地球的氣候在未來不太可能發(fā)生重大變化”都與原文內(nèi)容不符合。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“作者希望在文章中傳達(dá)的信息是……”。通讀全文可知，文章在第一段就闡述了氣候的變化導(dǎo)致人類放棄原有的生活方式而進(jìn)行遷徙，尋求新的生存策略，接下來兩段就氣候的變化是如何改變?nèi)祟惿婧瓦M(jìn)化進(jìn)行的闡述，最后一段總結(jié)根據(jù)過去的氣候變化模式，即使沒有人類的活動(dòng)影響，地球的氣候依然會(huì)經(jīng)歷劇烈變化，所以文章傳達(dá)的信息是人類在面對(duì)氣候的變化時(shí)，是無能為力的，故B項(xiàng)“面對(duì)氣候的急劇變化，人類實(shí)際上是無能為力的”正確；A項(xiàng)“盡管受到氣候變化的影響，人類文明依然輝煌”和D項(xiàng)“盡管自然發(fā)生了變化，人類文明還是會(huì)繼續(xù)發(fā)展的”沒有提到；C項(xiàng)“人類必須限制自己的活動(dòng)，以減緩全球變暖的進(jìn)程”與文意相反。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

11.翻譯題

人和人之間沒什么大的差別。任何人都是偉大與渺小、善良與邪惡、高尚與低俗的混合體。有的人個(gè)性比較堅(jiān)毅，或者機(jī)會(huì)比較好，所以能在某個(gè)方而更自由地發(fā)揮自己的稟賦，但是人的潛能都是相同的。就拿我來說，我認(rèn)為自己并不比大多數(shù)人更好或更差，但是我知道，假如我記下我生命中每一個(gè)舉動(dòng)和每一個(gè)掠過腦海的想法的話，世人將會(huì)把我視作一個(gè)邪惡的怪物。每個(gè)人都會(huì)有這些怪念頭，認(rèn)識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)，人們就更能包容自己、包容他人。認(rèn)識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)，我們就能以同情的態(tài)度看待同伴，即便他們是最優(yōu)秀最值得尊敬的人：認(rèn)識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)，我們也就不會(huì)把自己太當(dāng)一回事了。

【答案】Thereislittledifferencebetweenpeople.Everymanisahotchpotchofgreatnessandlittleness,ofvirtueandvice,ofnobilityandbaseness.Somepeoplehavemorestrengthofcharacter,orbetteropportunities,sotheycanusetheirgiftsmorefreelyinonedirectionoranother,butpeople’spotentialisthesame.Formypart,Idon’tthinkI’mbetterorworsethanmostpeople,butIknowifIwritedowneveryactioninmylifeandeverythoughtthatcrossesmymind,otherpeoplewillregardmeasanevilmonster.Everyonehasthesewhims,andbyrecognizingthatpeoplearemoretolerantofthemselvesandothers.Byrecognizingthis,wecanviewourfellowmenwithcompassion,eveniftheyarethebestandmostrespectable.Byrecognizingthis,wedon’ttakeourselvestooseriously.

12.單選題

Thedictatorreliedonabuseofitsopponents（

）onsoundingreasoning.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.morethan

B.ratherthan

C.otherthan

D.betterthan

【答案】B

【解析】詞組辨析題。morethan不僅僅；ratherthan而不是；otherthan除了...不同于...；betterthan超過，好于...。句意：這個(gè)獨(dú)裁者依靠的是辱罵反對(duì)者，而不是有力的說服。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

13.單選題

A（

）examinationisonewhichisinpreparationforsomething.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.predominant

B.premature

C.perfectible

D.preliminary

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)predominant“卓越的，支配的”；B選項(xiàng)premature“不成熟的”；C選項(xiàng)perfectible“可完成的”；D選項(xiàng)preliminary“初步的，開始的”。句意：初步的測(cè)試是為某事做準(zhǔn)備的考試。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

14.單選題

Thenormalhumandailycycleofactivityisofsome7-8hours’sleepalternatingwithsome16-17hours’wakefulness.Broadlyspeaking,thesleephoursnormally（）withthehoursofdarkness.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.conform

B.coincide

C.collide

D.comply

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。conformwith符合，與...一致；coincidewith符合，與...一致（強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間上的一致性）；collidewith沖突；complywith遵守。句意：人類正常的日?；顒?dòng)周期是7-8小時(shí)的睡眠和16-17小時(shí)的清醒交替進(jìn)行。廣義上說，睡眠時(shí)間通常與黑暗的時(shí)間相一致。選項(xiàng)B正確。

15.單選題

Iamafraidthatyouhavetoalteryour（

）viewsinlightofthetragicnewsthathasjustarrived.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.distressing

B.optimistic

C.indifferent

D.pessimistic

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。distressing意為“使人痛苦的，令人苦惱的”；optimistic意為“樂觀的，樂觀主義的”；indifferent意為“漠不關(guān)心的”；pessimistic意為“悲觀的，厭世的”。

句意：鑒于剛剛傳來的悲慘消息，我恐怕你要你改變你樂觀的想法了。

16.單選題

Essentially,atheoryisanabstract,symbolicrepresentationof（）reality.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.whatitisconceivedto

B.thatisconceived

C.whatisconceivedtobe

D.thatisconceivedof

【答案】C

【解析】語法題。句意：在本質(zhì)上,

理論是對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)的一種抽象和符號(hào)化的表達(dá)。關(guān)系代詞在從句中充當(dāng)主語,

可以用what或that,

且that不可省略。選項(xiàng)A中主語重復(fù),

不正確；beconceivedtobe為固定搭配,

意為被認(rèn)為是...,

所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

17.問答題

Heiswarm-hearted,butthisdoesn’tmeanthatheisbright.(follow)

【答案】Heiswarm-hearted,whichisnotusuallyfollowedbybrightness.

18.單選題

Heknowsmuchaboutstylistics,（

）aboutliterature.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.stillless

B.rathermore

C.letalone

D.ofcourse

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。stillless“更何況”；rathermore“更加”；letalone“更不用說”；ofcourse“當(dāng)然”。句意：他對(duì)文體學(xué)很了解，更不用說文學(xué)了。stillless常用于否定句，不合題意。故C項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Despitehis____planning,theexpositionturnedouttobeafailure.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exquisite

B.exhausted

C.elaborate

D.insufficient

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.exquisite精美的；精致的B.exhausted筋疲力盡的；疲憊不堪的

C.elaborate詳盡的；精心制作的D.insufficient不充分的；不足的

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】句意：盡管他……的計(jì)劃，博覽會(huì)還是以失敗告終。根據(jù)邏輯，這里存在一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，后半句講博覽會(huì)是失敗的，則可以推測(cè)前半句中他的計(jì)劃應(yīng)該是精心制作的，但是博覽會(huì)以失敗告終。因此選C。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D選項(xiàng)均無法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】盡管他精心策劃，博覽會(huì)還是失敗了。

20.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Whileit’swidelyacceptedthatdrinkingtoomuchisbadforyou,conventionalwisdom—andthegovernment’sdietaryguidelines—saythatalcoholcanbeconsumedinmoderation.TheUSgovernmentdefinesthatasonedrinkadayforwomenandtwoformen.Thisstudy,publishedintheBMJonTuesday,findsthatdrinkingaroundtheselevels—8to12drinksaweek—isassociatedwithafewmeasuresofcognitivedeclinethatshoweduponbrainscans.

Researchersbrought550LondonerstoOxfordandranthemthroughanMRImachine.Buttheseweren’tjustanyLondoners—theyweregovernmentemployeeswho,abouteveryfiveyearssince1985,hadbeenfillingoutsurveysabouttheirhealthregimens,includinghowmuchalcoholtheyconsumed.Thisenabledtheresearcherstolookforrelationshipsbetweentheindividuals’drinkinghabitsandwhatshowedupontheirbrainscans.

Theresearchersfoundthatmoderatedrinkingoverthose30-plusyearswasassociatedwithdegenerationandshrinkingofthehippocampus,aregionofthebraininvolvedinmemoryandnavigation,anddegenerationofthebrain’swhitematter.Consumingonemorealcoholicdrinkperweekwasassociatedwitha0.01percentdecreaseinthesizeofthehippocampus.Forcomparison,agingoneyearisassociatedwitha0.02percentdecrease.

ThestudyonlylookedatafewhundredLondoners,mostlywell-educatedandmiddle-class,soitmaynotberepresentativeofawiderpopulation.Topiwala,apsychiatryprofessorattheUniversityofOxford,pointedouttheremighthavebeen“selectionbias”inthesample—individualshadtogetfromLondontoOxfordinordertoundergotheMRIscansandthenspendanhourinabrainscanningmachineandundergoothermemorytests—whichindividualswhowerealcoholdependentorhadsufferedbraindamagefromalcoholusemightbelesslikelytodo.

Inanaccompanyingeditorial,KillianWelch,aneuropsychiatristatahospitalinScotland,wrotethatthestudymightchangewhatwethinkconstitutesahealthylevelofdrinking.“Thefindingsstrengthentheargumentthatdrinkinghabitsmanyregardasnormalhaveadverseconsequencesforhealth,”Welchwrote.Thisisimportant.Wealluserationalizationstojustifypersistencewithbehaviorsnotinourlong-terminterest.Withthepublicationofthispaper,justificationofmoderate’drinkingonthegroundsofbrainhealthbecomesalittleharder.

48.TheUSgovernmentwouldprobablyagreethat________.

49.Thesubjectsoftheresearch________.

50.AccordingtoParagraph3,hippocampus________.

51.Thestudyisquestioned,because________.

52.WhatcanweinferfromWelch’scommentary?

53.Thispassagecouldbebesttitled________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.8to12drinksaweekisanacceptablelevel

B.dietaryguidelinesshouldbemodified

C.moderatedrinkingcanleadtobraindamage

D.thefindingsoftheBMJstudyhavebeenconfirmed

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.donotliveinLondonpermanently

B.regularlyreportedtheirdrinkinghabits

C.wereskepticaloftheMRIresults

D.believedinthenegativeeffectofdrinkingonhealth

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.coordinatesbrainfunctions

B.remainsstableinsizewithoutdrinking

C.getssmallerwhenpeopledrinkmore

D.resultsintheshrinkingofthewhitematter

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thesubjectsareunderstresswhentakingMRI

B.thesamplingprocessisnotscientificenough

C.thememorytestsarenotfromauthoritativesources

D.thealcoholicsarelikelytosufferbraindamage

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Ahealthylevelofdrinkingisimportant.

B.Brainhealthwillimproveifdrinkingisonlymoderate.

C.Evenmoderatedrinkingisharmfultohealth.

D.Thesalesofalcoholwilldecreaseafterthispublication.

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.DrinkingHabitsShouldBeAbandoned

B.ModerateDrinkingCouldCauseBrainDecline

C.GovernmentalGuidelinesShouldBeFollowed

D.AgingProcessAffectstheSizeofHippocampus

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

第6題:B

【解析】48.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

TheUSgovernmentwouldprobablyagreethat________.美國(guó)政府可能會(huì)同意________。

A.8to12drinksaweekisanacceptablelevelA.每周喝八至十二杯是一個(gè)可接受的水平

B.dietaryguidelinesshouldbemodifiedB.飲食指南應(yīng)該被修改

C.moderatedrinkingcanleadtobraindamageC.適度飲酒會(huì)導(dǎo)致腦損傷

D.thefindingsoftheBMJstudyhavebeenconfirmedD.BMJ的研究結(jié)果已被證實(shí)

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞USgovernment可以定位到文章第一段第一、二句“盡管人們普遍認(rèn)為飲酒過量對(duì)身體有害，但傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)和政府的飲食指南（government’sdietaryguidelines）都認(rèn)為，飲酒可以適度（inmoderati