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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-徐州生物工程職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買!第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

TheSpaceAge(

)inOctober1957whenthefirstartificialsatellitewaslaunched,bytheSovietUnion.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.initiated

B.originated

C.embarked

D.commenced

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。initiate意為“開(kāi)始,發(fā)起,創(chuàng)始”,指首創(chuàng)某事,但并不意味著將某事進(jìn)行到底;originate意為“起源于,來(lái)自,產(chǎn)生”;embark意為“上船,著手,從事”一般開(kāi)始指新的、困難的會(huì)令人激動(dòng)的事;commence意為“開(kāi)始發(fā)生,開(kāi)始,著手”,尤指重大的事件及歷史時(shí)期的開(kāi)始。

句意:1957年10月蘇聯(lián)第一顆人造衛(wèi)星的發(fā)射開(kāi)啟了太空時(shí)代。

2.單選題

Inthenextcenturywe’llbeabletoalterourDNAradically,encodingourvisionsandvanitieswhileconcoctingnewlife-forms.WhenDr.Frankensteinmadehismonster,hewrestledwiththemoralissueofwhetherheshouldallowittoreproduce,“HadItheright,formyownbenefit,toinflictthecurseuponeverlastinggenerations?”Willsuchquestionsrequireustodevelopnewmoralphilosophies?

Probablynot.Instead,we’llreachagainforatimetestedincalledtheGoldenRuleandwhichKant,themillennium’smostprudentmoralist,conjuredupintoacategoricalimperative:Dountoothersasyouwouldhavethemdountoyou;treateachpersonasanindividualratherthanasameanstosomeend.

Underthismoralpreceptweshouldrecoilathumancloning,becauseitinevitablyentailsusinghumansasmeanstootherhumans’endsandvaluingthemascopiesofotherswelovedorascollectionsofbodyparts,notasindividualsintheirownright.Weshouldalsodrawaline,howeverfuzzy,thatwouldpermitusinggeneticengineeringtocurediseasesanddisabilitiesbutnottochangethepersonalattributesthatmakesomeoneanindividual(IQ,physicalappearance,genderandsexuality).

Thebiotechagewillalsogiveusmorereasontoguardourpersonalprivacy.AldousHuxleyinBraveNewWorld,gotitwrong:ratherthancentralizingpowerinthehandsofthestate,DNAtechnologyhasempoweredindividualsandfamilies.Butthestatewillhaveanimportantrole,makingsurethatnoone,includinginsurancecompanies,canlookatourgeneticdatawithoutourpermissionoruseittodiscriminateagainstus.

Thenwecangetreadyforthebreakthroughsthatcouldcomeattheendofthenextcenturyandthetechnologyiscomparabletomappingourgenes:plottingthe10billionormoreneuronsofourbrain.Withthatinformationwemightsomedaybeabletocreateartificialintelligencesthatthinkandexperienceconsciousnessinwaysthatareindistinguishablefromahumanbrain.Eventuallywemightbeabletoreplicateourownmindsina“dryware”machine,sothatwecouldliveonwithoutthe“wetware”ofabiologicalbrainandbody.The20thcentury’srevolutionininfotechnologywilltherebymergewiththe21stcentury’srevolutioninbiotechnology.Butthisissciencefiction.Let’sturnthepagenowandgetbacktorealscience.

1.Dr.Frankenstein'sremarksarementionedinthetext(

).

2.Itcanbeconcludedfromthetextthatthetechnologyofhumancloningshouldbeemployed(

).

3.Fromthetext,welearnthatAldousHuxleyisoftheopinionthat(

).

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

5.Whatdoestheword"it"inSentence2,Paragraph1referto(

).

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.togiveanepisodeoftheDNAtechnologicalbreakthroughs

B.tohighlighttheimportanceofameanstosomeeverlastingends

C.toshowhowhecreatedanewformoflifeathousandyearsago

D.tointroducethetopicofmoralphilosophiesincurredinbiotechnology

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.excessivelyandextravagantly

B.reasonablyandcautiously

C.aggressivelyandindiscriminately

D.openlyandenthusiastically

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.DNAtechnologyshouldbeplacedinthechargeofindividuals

B.governmentshouldassumelesscontroloverindividuals

C.peopleneedgovernmenttoprotecttheirDNDinformation

D.oldmoralpreceptsshouldbeabolishedonhumancloning

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thebiotechagewillgiveoutmorepersonalprivacy

B.DNAtechnologyhasreducedthepowerofindividual

C.Inthe21stcentury,peoplecanchangetheirDNAslightly

D.Weshouldnotattempthumancloning

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Frankenstein

B.DNA

C.themonster

D.Themoralissue

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題目所問(wèn)的是“文中提到科學(xué)怪人的目的是什么?”文章第一段第二句提到“當(dāng)科學(xué)怪人制造出怪物,他就陷入是否該讓這個(gè)怪物繁衍下一代的倫理問(wèn)題的矛盾之中,‘為了我自身的利益,讓子子孫孫來(lái)承受這個(gè)詛咒?’這樣的問(wèn)題需要我們建立新的倫理觀嗎?”(WhenDr.Frankensteinmadehismonster,hewrestledwiththemoralissueofwhetherheshouldallowittoreproduce,“HadItheright,formyownbenefit,toinflictthecurseuponeverlastinggenerations?”Willsuchquestionsrequireustodevelopnewmoralphilosophies?),由以上可得出選項(xiàng)D“引出生物技術(shù)中的倫理問(wèn)題這個(gè)話題”符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。題目所問(wèn)的是“從文中可知人類克隆技術(shù)應(yīng)該使用的方法是什么?”文章第一段通過(guò)“科學(xué)怪人”這個(gè)例子引出生物科學(xué)中的倫理問(wèn)題;第二段提到哲學(xué)家康德的觀點(diǎn)Dountoothersasyouwouldhavethemdountoyou;treateachpersonasanindividualratherthanasameanstosomeend(將每個(gè)人當(dāng)作個(gè)體來(lái)對(duì)待,而不是作為一種手段);第三段提到在上文提到的準(zhǔn)則下,我們應(yīng)該放棄克隆技術(shù)(Underthismoralpreceptweshouldrecoilathumancloning);第四段提到生物科技的時(shí)代將給我們更多保護(hù)隱私的理由(Thebiotechagewillalsogiveusmorereasontoguardourpersonalprivacy)。由此可知,克隆技術(shù)的使用應(yīng)該是合理并且謹(jǐn)慎的。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目所問(wèn)的是“從文章中可知,AldousHuxley的觀點(diǎn)是什么?”文章第四段第二句提到“在他的作品《美麗新世界》中,赫胥黎犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤:DNA技術(shù)的主動(dòng)權(quán)在個(gè)人和家庭手中,而不是在權(quán)力集中的國(guó)家手中”(AldousHuxleyinBraveNewWorld,gotitwrong:ratherthancentralizingpowerinthehandsofthestate,DNAtechnologyhasempoweredindividualsandfamilies),因此,選項(xiàng)A“DNA技術(shù)應(yīng)該掌握在個(gè)人手中”是赫胥黎的觀點(diǎn),符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。題目所問(wèn)的是“下列說(shuō)法哪個(gè)正確?”文章第三段第一句提到“在這個(gè)道德準(zhǔn)則下,我們應(yīng)該放棄克隆技術(shù),因?yàn)樗鼤?huì)不可避免地讓一些人成為另一些人達(dá)到目標(biāo)的手段,而不是將每個(gè)人當(dāng)作個(gè)體來(lái)對(duì)待”(Underthismoralpreceptweshouldrecoilathumancloning,becauseitinevitablyentailsusinghumansasmeanstootherhumans’endsandvaluingthemascopiesofotherswelovedorascollectionsofbodyparts,notasindividualsintheirownright),選項(xiàng)D“我們不應(yīng)該進(jìn)行人類克隆”符合題意。

5.詞義題。題目所問(wèn)的是“‘it’指的是什么?”文章第一段第二句話提到“當(dāng)科學(xué)怪人制造出怪物,他就陷入是否該讓這個(gè)怪物繁衍下一代的倫理問(wèn)題的矛盾之中”(WhenDr.Frankensteinmadehismonster,hewrestledwiththemoralissueofwhetherheshouldallowittoreproduce),因此可知,這里的it指的是創(chuàng)造出來(lái)的怪物。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.翻譯題

ThenationsmeetinghereinShanghaiunderstandwhatitisstake.Ifwedonotstandagainstterrorismnow,everycivilizednationwillatsomepointbeitstarget.Wewilldefeattheterroristsbydestroyingtheirnetwork,whereveritisfound.Wewillalsodefeattheterroristsbybuildinganenduringprosperitythatpromisesmoreopportunityandbetterlivesforalltheworld'speople.

ThecountriesofthePacificRimmadethedecisiontoopenthemselvesuptotheworld,andtheresultisoneofthegreatdevelopmentsuccessstoriesofourtime.Thepeoplesofthisregionaremoreprosperous,healthier,andbettereducatedthantheywereonlytwodecadesago.Andthisprogresshasprovedwhatopennesscanaccomplish.

【答案】在上海的與會(huì)各國(guó)都意識(shí)到了目前的危機(jī)。如果我們現(xiàn)在不制止恐怖主義,每個(gè)文明國(guó)家都將在某一時(shí)刻成為其襲擊目標(biāo)。我們將摧毀恐怖分子的一切聯(lián)絡(luò),無(wú)論他在何地。我們還將通過(guò)建立持久的繁榮,為全世界人民帶來(lái)更多的機(jī)會(huì)和更好的生活,從而擊敗恐怖分子。

亞太地區(qū)各國(guó)決定向世界開(kāi)放,這是我們這個(gè)時(shí)代偉大的發(fā)展成就之一。與過(guò)去僅僅20年前相比,該地區(qū)人民的生活更繁榮,更健康,受教育程度更高。這樣的進(jìn)步證明了開(kāi)放的成果。

4.單選題

Themoodoftheeveningis___justasitiseveryyearwhenthistopicisbroughtup.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.destroyed

B.damaged

C.ruined

D.spoiled

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.destroyed破壞;摧毀B.damaged損害

C.ruined毀滅D.spoiled破壞;破壞……的興致

【考察點(diǎn)】近義詞辨析。

【解題思路】A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都有“破壞”的意思。空格處是一個(gè)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。空格處的動(dòng)詞用來(lái)說(shuō)明mood“心情”被怎么樣了。Mood做主語(yǔ),句意為每當(dāng)這個(gè)話題被提起時(shí),夜晚的心情就被破壞了。只有D選項(xiàng)spoil指破壞……的興致符合句子語(yǔ)境。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)destroy的基本意思是用任何力量“破壞,毀壞”,用于物時(shí),指破壞或毀壞有用的事物;用于人時(shí),指用武力或暴力“殺死”“毀滅”“消滅”敵人等;

B選項(xiàng)damage的基本意思是“損害,傷害”,主要指自然力或人為地在價(jià)值、完整性、效能等方面造成損害,一般是局部地、非徹底地、可修復(fù)地,可以用于有形物,也可以用于無(wú)形物,還可表示對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)信心等造成壞的結(jié)果或影響;

C選項(xiàng)ruin的基本意思是“破壞,毀掉”,常指因暴力、自然災(zāi)害或疏忽等外部原因而造成毀壞,強(qiáng)調(diào)倒塌成碎片,也可指健康、聲望、容貌、氣節(jié)、價(jià)值等受到嚴(yán)重?fù)p壞。

以上選項(xiàng)均不能和mood搭配。

【句意】就像每年提起這個(gè)話題一樣,整個(gè)晚上的氣氛都被破壞了。

5.單選題

IhaveenjoyedthestudyoftheSpanishlanguagenotonlybecauseofitsbeautybutalso().

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tomakeuseofitinbusiness

B.becauseofitsuseinbusiness

C.onaccountitisusefulinbusiness

D.oneneedsitinbusiness

【答案】B

【解析】考查連詞。由notonly...butalso...可以看出空格處和前文并列,由前文的becauseofitsbeauty可知B選項(xiàng)正確,表示原因。

6.單選題

TheBritishpeoplearenotsofamiliarwithdifferentculturesandotherwaysofdoingthings,()isoftenthecaseinothercountries.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.as

B.what

C.so

D.that

【答案】A

【解析】考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句在句中主要起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用,與主句之間往往由逗號(hào)隔開(kāi),獨(dú)立存在,確實(shí)也不會(huì)影響整個(gè)句子的意思。非限定定語(yǔ)從句一般由連接詞which和as引導(dǎo)。在本句中,空格處填入的關(guān)系代詞,既可以代替前面的一句話,又要在從句中做主語(yǔ),符合這一用法的只有as。句意:英國(guó)人對(duì)于不同的文化和做事情的方式不是很熟悉,在其他國(guó)家,這是常有的事。故本題的正確答案是A選項(xiàng)。

7.單選題

Thetrainingofhumanintelligencemustincludethesimultaneousdevelopmentoftheempatheticcapacity.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.simulated

B.coincident

C.instantaneous

D.similar

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。simultaneous表示“同時(shí)的,聯(lián)立的,同時(shí)發(fā)生的”;A項(xiàng)simulated“模擬的,模仿的,仿造的”,B項(xiàng)coincident“一致的,符合的,同時(shí)發(fā)生的”,C項(xiàng)instantaneous“瞬間的,即時(shí)的,猝發(fā)的”,D項(xiàng)similar“相似的”。句意:人類智力的訓(xùn)練必須包括移情能力的同時(shí)發(fā)展。根據(jù)句意可知,B項(xiàng)的意思符合句子。因此,該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Yourhelpis()forthesuccessoftheproject.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.indispensable

B.indicative

C.inevitable

D.inherent

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)indispensable“不可缺少的;絕對(duì)必要的”;B選項(xiàng)indicative“象征的;指示的”;C選項(xiàng)inevitable“必然的,不可避免的”;D選項(xiàng)inherent“內(nèi)在的;與生俱來(lái)的”。句意:你的幫助是這個(gè)項(xiàng)目成功不可缺少的。根據(jù)句中“thesuccessoftheproject這個(gè)項(xiàng)目成功”可知“不可缺少的”符合語(yǔ)境,因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

9.翻譯題

Youcan'tbuyhappiness.Butitlookslikeyoucanatleastinheritit.BritishandAustralianresearcherssaid.

Astudyofnearly1000pairsofidenticalandnon-identicaltwinsfoundgenescontrolhalfthepersonalitytraitsthatmakepeoplehappywhilefactorssuchasrelationships,healthandcareersareresponsiblefortherestofourwell-being.Wefoundthataroundhalfthedifferencesinhappinessweregenetic,'saidTimBates,aresearcherattheUniversityofEdinburghwholedthestudy."Itisreallyquitesurprising.*'

Theresearchersaskedthevolunteersranginginagefrom25to75aseriesofquestionsabouttheirpersonality,howmuchtheyworriedandhowsatisfiedtheywerewiththeirlives.

Becauseidenticaltwinssharethesamegenesandfraternaltwinsdonot,theresearcherscouldidentifycommongenesthatresultincertainpersonalitytraitsandpredisposepeopletohappiness.

Peoplewhoaresociable,active,stable,hardworkingandconscientioustendtobehappier,theresearchersreportedinthejournalPsychologicalScience."Whatthisstudyshowedwasthattheidenticaltwinsinafamilywereverysimilarinpersonalityandinwell-being,andbycontrast,thefraternaltwinswereonlyaroundhalfassimilar,"Batessaid,"Thatstrongimplicatesgenes.

Thefindingsareanimportantpieceofthepuzzleforresearcherstryingtobetterunderstanddepressionandwhatmakesdifferentpeoplehappyorunhappy,Batessaid.

Peoplewithpositiveinheritedpersonalitytraitsmay,ineffect,alsohaveareserveofhappinesstodrawoninstressfultimes,hesaid.’’Animportantimplicationisthatpersonalitytraitsofbeingoutgoing,calmandreliableprovidearesource,wecallediteffectivereservethatdrivesfuturehappiness"Batessaid.

【答案】快樂(lè)買不到,但英國(guó)和澳大利亞的研究人員稱,快樂(lè)至少可以遺傳得到。

一項(xiàng)對(duì)近千對(duì)同卵及異卵雙胞胎開(kāi)展的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在快樂(lè)的性格特征中,有一半是由基因控制的,而另一部分則受到人際關(guān)系、健康、職業(yè)等因素的影響。研究負(fù)責(zé)人愛(ài)丁堡大學(xué)的蒂姆?貝茨說(shuō):“我們發(fā)現(xiàn),研究對(duì)象在快樂(lè)方面的差異約有一半受到遺傳基因的影響。這個(gè)結(jié)果實(shí)在令人驚訝。”

研究人員向年齡在25歲至75歲之間的志愿者提出了一系列問(wèn)題,問(wèn)題涉及他們的性格特點(diǎn)、焦慮程度以及對(duì)目前生活的滿意度。

由于同卵雙生的雙胞胎基因完全相同,而異卵雙胞胎不完全相同,所以研究人員可以分辨出決定某些性格特征及使人容易快樂(lè)的共同基因。

研究報(bào)告在《心理科學(xué)》期刊上發(fā)表。研究人員指出,善于交際、活潑、踏實(shí)、勤奮、有責(zé)任心的人更加快樂(lè)。貝茨說(shuō):“該研究表明,同卵雙胞胎的性格特征和快樂(lè)程度十分相似,然而,異卵雙胞胎僅有約50%的相似度。這充分說(shuō)明了基因的作用?!?/p>

貝茨說(shuō),研究人員一直在努力尋找有關(guān)“人為什么會(huì)郁悶”的更為合理的解釋及影響不同的人快樂(lè)與否的因素,這一發(fā)現(xiàn)無(wú)疑為這一難題提供了一個(gè)重要解釋。

他說(shuō),具有積極遺傳性格特征的人實(shí)際上同時(shí)擁有一種“快樂(lè)儲(chǔ)備”,供他們?cè)谟魫灥臅r(shí)候“支取”。貝茨說(shuō):“這說(shuō)明了很重要的一點(diǎn),外向、冷靜和可靠的性格特點(diǎn)能形成一種“情感儲(chǔ)備”,為將來(lái)的快樂(lè)提供保障?!?/p>

10.單選題

Thoselivingincountrieswithlongdarkwintersareapttobelesstalkativeandlesssociablethaninhabitantsofcountrieswheretheclimateismore______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.excessive

B.equivalent

C.equable

D.exquisite

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)excessive“過(guò)多的,極度的,過(guò)分的”,B項(xiàng)equivalent“(在價(jià)值、數(shù)量等方面)相等的,等價(jià)的,等效的”,C項(xiàng)equable“平靜的,變動(dòng)小的”,D項(xiàng)exquisite“精致的,細(xì)膩的,優(yōu)美的,劇烈的”。由longdarkwinters“漫長(zhǎng)黑暗的冬天”和than“比”可知前后是對(duì)比,故wheretheclimateismore______中填入exquisite符合語(yǔ)境。句意:那些生活在有漫長(zhǎng)而黑暗的冬天的國(guó)家的人往往比那些氣候更優(yōu)美的國(guó)家的居民更不愛(ài)說(shuō)話,更不愛(ài)交際。因此,該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

11.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.

歷史和個(gè)人的經(jīng)歷共同教育了那些處境不佳的人。他們?cè)趭^斗的道路上戰(zhàn)勝重重困難,跨越種種障礙。不少窮人自學(xué)成才,通過(guò)鼓足勇氣堅(jiān)忍不拔地前進(jìn),取得卓越成就而贏得了全世界的矚目和尊敬。

一生依賴別人幫助的人,在危機(jī)的時(shí)刻很少有所作為。當(dāng)不幸來(lái)臨時(shí),他會(huì)四處尋求依靠。如果沒(méi)有依靠,他將垂頭喪氣。一旦垂頭喪氣,他們就會(huì)像一只翻了身的烏龜,毫無(wú)辦法。許多男孩出人意料地成功了,僅僅是因?yàn)樗チ艘磺兄С侄坏貌蛔粤ⅰ?/p>

【答案】Historyandpersonalexperiencetogethereducatethepoor.Theyovercomemanydifficultiesandobstaclesinthecourseofstruggle.Manypoorpeoplehavebecometalentsbyself-study.Theyhaveachievedremarkableachievementsandwontheattentionandrespectfromtheworldthroughforgingaheadwithcourageandperseverance.

Themanwhodependsonothersforhislifeseldommakesadifferenceintimesofcrisis.Whenmisfortunecomes,hewillseektohelpeverywhere.Hewillbelowspiritswithoutsupport.Oncedepressed,they,likeaturtlethathasturnedover,havenothingtodowithit.Manyboysaresurprisinglysuccessfulsimplybecauseheloseallsupportandhastostandonhisownfeet.

12.單選題

Itwilltakeustwentyminutestogettotherailwaystation,()trafficdelays.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.acknowledging

B.affording

C.allowingfor

D.accountingfor

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。acknowledge表示“承認(rèn),答謝”;afford表示“提供,供應(yīng)得起”;allowfor“考慮到;顧及”;accountfor“對(duì)……負(fù)有責(zé)任”。句意:考慮到交通擁堵,我們到火車站可能需要20分鐘。

13.單選題

Thereisno(

)tothehousefromthemainroad.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.access

B.avenue

C.exposure

D.edge

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析題。access通道;avenue林蔭大道;exposure暴露;edge邊緣。

句意:從大路沒(méi)有通道通往這個(gè)房子。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

14.單選題

InthevillagesoftheEnglishcountrysidetherearestillpeoplewhorememberthegoodolddayswhennoonebotheredtolocktheirdoors.Theresimplywasn’tanycrimetoworryabout.

Amazingly,thesehappytimesappearstilltobewithusintheworld’sbiggestcommunity.AnewstudybyDanFarmer,agiftedprogrammer,usinganautomatedinvestigativeprogramofhisowncalledSATAN,showsthattheownersofwelloverhalfofallWorldWideWebsiteshavesetuphomewithoutfittinglockstotheirdoors.

SATANcantryoutavarietyofwell-knownhackingtricksonanInternetsitewithoutactuallybreakingin.Fannerhasmadetheprogrampubliclyavailable,amidmuchcriticism.Apersonwithevilintentcoulduseittohuntdownsitesthatareeasytoburgle.

ButFarmerisveryconcernedabouttheneedtoalertthepublictopoorsecurityand,sofar,eventshaveprovedhimright.SATANhasdonemoretoalertpeopletotherisksthancausenewdisorder.SoistheNetbecomingmoresecure?Farfromit.Intheearlydays,whenyouvisitedaWebsiteyourbrowsersimplylookedatthecontent.NowtheWebisfulloftinyprogramsthatautomaticallydownloadwhenyoulookataWebpage,andrunonyourownmachine.Theseprogramscould,iftheirauthorswished,doallkindsofnastythingstoyourcomputer.

Atthesametime,theNetisincreasinglypopulatedwithspiders,worms,agentsandothertypesofautomatedbeastsdesignedtopenetratethesitesandseekoutandclassifyinformation.Allthesemakewonderfultoolsforantisocialpeoplewhowanttoinvadeweaksitesandcausedamage.

Butlet’slookonthebrightside.Giventhelackoflocks,theInternetissurelytheworld’sbiggest(almost)crime-freesociety.Maybethatisbecausehackersarefundamentallyhonest.Orthattherecurrentlyisn’tmuchtosteal.Orbecausevandalismisn’tmuchfununlessyouhaveapeculiardislikeforsomeone.

Whateverthereason,let’senjoyitwhilewecan.Butexpectitalltochange,andsecuritytobecomethenumberoneissue,whenthemostinfluentialinhabitantsoftheNetaresellingservicestheywanttobepaidfor.

46.Bysaying“...ownersofwelloverhalfofallWorldWideWebsiteshavesetuphomewithoutfittinglockstotheirdoors”(Lines3-4,Para.2),theauthormeansthat______.

47.SATAN,aprogramdesignedbyDanFarmercanbeused______.

48.Farmer’sprogramhasbeencriticizedbythepublicbecause______.

49.Theauthor’sattitudetowardSATANis______.

50.Theauthorsuggestsinthelastparagraphthat______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thosehappytimesappearstilltobewithus

B.theresimplywasn’tanycrimetoworryabout

C.manysitesarenotwell-protected

D.hackerstryouttricksonanInternetsitewithoutactuallybreakingin

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.toinvestigatethesecurityofInternetsites

B.toimprovethesecurityoftheInternetsystem

C.topreventhackersfrombreakingintowebsites

D.todownloadusefulprogramsandinformation

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.itcausesdamagetoNetbrowsers

B.itcanbreakintoInternetsites

C.itcanbeusedtocausedisorderonallsites

D.itcanbeusedbypeoplewithevilintent

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.enthusiastic

B.critical

C.positive

D.indifferent

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.weshouldmakefulluseoftheInternetbeforesecuritymeasuresarestrengthened

B.weshouldalertthemostinfluentialbusinessmentotheimportanceofsecurity

C.influentialbusinessmenshouldgiveprioritytotheimprovementofNetsecurity

D.netinhabitantsshouldnotletsecuritymeasuresaffecttheirjoyofsurfingtheInternet

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】46.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“通過(guò)提到‘…ownersofwelloverhalfofallWorldWideWebsiteshavesetuphomewithoutfittinglockstotheirdoors’(第2段第3-4行),作者的意思是……”。根據(jù)第二段第二句中的usinganautomatedinvestigativeprogramofhisowncalledSATAN,showsthattheownersofwelloverhalfofallWorldWideWebsiteshavesetuphomewithoutfittinglockstotheirdoors.(用他自稱為“撒旦”的自動(dòng)調(diào)查程序所做的一項(xiàng)最新研究表明,超過(guò)一半以上的萬(wàn)維網(wǎng)網(wǎng)站主人建立的家都沒(méi)有上鎖)可知,許多網(wǎng)站沒(méi)有得到很好的保護(hù);A項(xiàng)“那些快樂(lè)的時(shí)光似乎還在我們身邊”,B項(xiàng)“根本沒(méi)有什么犯罪需要擔(dān)心”,D項(xiàng)“黑客們?cè)诰W(wǎng)站上嘗試各種技巧,但實(shí)際上并沒(méi)有入侵網(wǎng)站”都不是作者在這里想表達(dá)的。因此C項(xiàng)“許多網(wǎng)站沒(méi)有得到很好的保護(hù)”正確。

47.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“撒旦,一個(gè)由DanFarmer設(shè)計(jì)的程序可以被用來(lái)……”。根據(jù)第二段第二句usinganautomatedinvestigativeprogramofhisowncalledSATAN(用他自稱為‘撒旦’的自動(dòng)調(diào)查程序)和第三段的第一句SATANcantryoutavarietyofwell-knownhackingtricksonanInternetsitewithoutactuallybreakingin.(“撒旦”可以對(duì)網(wǎng)站試驗(yàn)一系列眾所周知的黑客攻擊而不用真正闖入)可以推斷出“撒旦”這個(gè)程序是用來(lái)檢驗(yàn)網(wǎng)站是否安全,B項(xiàng)“完善互聯(lián)網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的安全性”,C項(xiàng)“阻止黑客闖入網(wǎng)站”,D項(xiàng)“下載有用的程序和信息”都不是“撒旦”的功能,因此A項(xiàng)“檢驗(yàn)網(wǎng)站是否安全”正確。

48.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“Farmer的項(xiàng)目受到了公眾的批評(píng),因?yàn)椤?。根?jù)第三段第三句Apersonwithevilintentcoulduseittohuntdownsitesthatareeasytoburgle.(一個(gè)有邪惡意圖的人可以用它來(lái)搜索容易被盜竊的網(wǎng)站)可知D項(xiàng)“它可以被惡意的人利用”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“它會(huì)對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)瀏覽器造成損害”,和B項(xiàng)“它可以侵入互聯(lián)網(wǎng)站點(diǎn)”不是“撒旦”造成的后果,也不是這個(gè)項(xiàng)目受到公眾批評(píng)的真正原因;根據(jù)第四段第二行SATANhasdonemoretoalertpeopletotherisksthancausenewdisorder.(“撒旦”做的更多的是提醒人們注意風(fēng)險(xiǎn),而不是引起新的混亂)可知,C項(xiàng)“它可以用來(lái)在所有的網(wǎng)站上造成混亂”錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

49.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】作者態(tài)度題。題干意思是“作者對(duì)‘撒旦’的態(tài)度是……”。倒數(shù)第二段第一句提到Butlet’slookonthebrightside.Giventhelackoflocks,theInternetissurelytheworld’sbiggest(almost)crime-freesociety.(但我們也要看到光明的一面,不考慮安全因素,因特網(wǎng)幾乎是世界上最大的沒(méi)有犯罪的社會(huì))和最后一段第一句說(shuō)道Whateverthereason,let’senjoyitwhilewecan.(不管是什么原因,讓我們?cè)谶€能享受的時(shí)候盡情享受吧),由此可推斷作者對(duì)“撒旦”的態(tài)度是積極的,因此C項(xiàng)“積極的”正確。A項(xiàng)“熱心的”,B項(xiàng)“批評(píng)的”和D項(xiàng)“漠不關(guān)心的”都不符合。因此選C正確。

50.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“文章最后一段……”。倒數(shù)第二段第一句提到Butlet’slookonthebrightside.Giventhelackoflocks,theInternetissurelytheworld’sbiggest(almost)crime-freesociety.(但我們也要看到光明的一面,不考慮安全因素,因特網(wǎng)幾乎是世界上最大的沒(méi)有犯罪的社會(huì))和最后一段第一句說(shuō)道Whateverthereason,let’senjoyitwhilewecan.(不管是什么原因,讓我們?cè)谶€能享受的時(shí)候盡情享受吧),由此可推斷作者對(duì)“撒旦”的態(tài)度是積極的,因此C項(xiàng)“積極的”正確。A項(xiàng)“熱心的”,B項(xiàng)“批評(píng)的”和D項(xiàng)“漠不關(guān)心的”都不符合。因此選C正確。

15.單選題

Whenbusinessis(

)thereisusuallyanobviousincreaseinunemployment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.degraded

B.depressed

C.reduced

D.lessened

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)degrade“貶低,降低”;B選項(xiàng)depress“壓抑,使沮喪,使蕭條”;C選項(xiàng)reduce“減少,降低”;D選項(xiàng)lessen“減少,減輕”。句意:當(dāng)商業(yè)蕭條的時(shí)候,失業(yè)率通常會(huì)明顯上升。選項(xiàng)B更符合邏輯。

16.單選題

Thetopmanagersarefullof()towardthesalesvolumeofmobilephonesnextyear.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.curiosity

B.optimism

C.passion

D.attitude

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)curiosity“好奇心,求知欲”,B選項(xiàng)optimism“樂(lè)觀,樂(lè)觀主義”,C選項(xiàng)passion“激情,熱情”,D選項(xiàng)attitude“態(tài)度,看法”,句意:高級(jí)經(jīng)理們對(duì)明年的手機(jī)銷量非常樂(lè)觀。因此,B選項(xiàng)符合句意。

17.單選題

Withthe()ofMary,allthegirlstudentsareeagertogototheparty.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exhibition

B.exception

C.except

D.reception

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。exhibition“展覽”;exception“例外,異議”;except“除…之外”;reception“接待,接收”。句意:除了Mary外,所有女學(xué)生都很渴望去參加聚會(huì)。B項(xiàng)符合題意。

18.單選題

Accuracyis______totheprogrammingofcomputer.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.elemental

B.base

C.fundamental

D.inherent

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)elemental“基本的;主要的;自然力的;四大要素的(土、水、氣、火)”(強(qiáng)調(diào)屬于事物的基礎(chǔ)或本質(zhì));B選項(xiàng)based“基地在……的;在……居?。ɑ蚬ぷ鳎?;(以某事)為基礎(chǔ),為根據(jù)”;C選項(xiàng)fundamental“基本的,根本的”(強(qiáng)調(diào)重要性,根基作用等,指重要程度即非常重要);D選項(xiàng)inherent“固有的;內(nèi)在的;與生俱來(lái)的,遺傳的”。句意:準(zhǔn)確性是計(jì)算機(jī)編程的基礎(chǔ)。befundamentalto...“基礎(chǔ)的;基本的”。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Ifthatdeskisatleast100yearsold,itisanauthenticantiqueandvaluable.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.real

B.ancient

C.eminent

D.obsolete

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.real真的B.ancient古老的

C.eminent杰出的D.obsolete廢棄的

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析

【解題思路】劃線詞修飾的是antique“古董”,原詞authentic“真的”,并且原句得出該結(jié)論的條件是“如果那張桌子至少有100年的歷史”,由此原句表達(dá)的是該古董是真品而非贗品。因此,A選項(xiàng)real“真的”與原詞詞義最接近,符合原句句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)不符合原詞詞義。

【句意】如果那張桌子至少有100年的歷史,那它就是一件真正的古董,并且價(jià)值不菲。

20.單選題

BruceStephengrippedthe____wheelhardasthecarbouncedupanddown.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.stirring

B.driving

C.steering

D.revolving

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析與上下文語(yǔ)義。A選項(xiàng)stirring“激動(dòng)人心的,活躍的;攪動(dòng)(stir的ing形式)”;B選項(xiàng)driving“起推動(dòng)作用的;有巨大影響力”;開(kāi)車(drive的ing形式);C選項(xiàng)steering“駕駛,掌舵(stir的ing形式)”;D選項(xiàng)revolving“旋轉(zhuǎn)的;旋轉(zhuǎn)(revolve的ing形式)”。句意:在汽車上下顛簸的時(shí)候,BruceStephen緊緊地抓住方向盤。steeringwheel表示方向盤,C選項(xiàng)最符合句意。

21.單選題

Shewasdeeply

bytheamountofcriticismherplayreceived.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.deported

B.deprived

C.involved

D.frustrated

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞criticism“批評(píng)”可知,選項(xiàng)D符合題意。句意:她的劇本受到了諸多批評(píng),這使她很沮喪。

22.單選題

EventhoughCochranbeatMcDanielbymore6,000votesinthenationalelection,thelatterdidn’t(),complainingthatAfricanAmericansvotingforCochranlosthimtherace.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tangle

B.concede

C.torment

D.stalk

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)tangle表示“(和……)爭(zhēng)吵;打架;使纏結(jié)在一起”;B選項(xiàng)concede表示“讓步,承認(rèn),退讓”;C選項(xiàng)torment表示“折磨,痛苦,捉弄”;D選項(xiàng)stalk表示“追蹤,偷偷接近”。根據(jù)eventhough可判斷前后兩句為讓步關(guān)系,由后文“complainingthatAfricanAmericansvotingforCochranlosthimtherace”可知,McDaniel抱怨是非洲裔美國(guó)人投票給Cochran才導(dǎo)致他輸?shù)袅烁?jìng)選,說(shuō)明他依然對(duì)這件事耿耿于懷,可見(jiàn)他并不承認(rèn)失敗。因此,本題正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

23.問(wèn)答題

Inthe1920sdemandforAmericanfarmproductsfell,asEuropeancountriesbegantorecoverfromWorldWarIandinstitutedausterity(緊縮)programstoreducetheirimports.Theresultwasasharpdropinfarmprices.Thisperiodwasmoredisastrousforfarmersthanearliertimeshadbeen,becausefarmerswerenolongerself-sufficient.Theywerepayingformachinery,seedandfertilizer,andtheywerealsobuyingconsumergoods.Thepricesoftheitemsfarmersboughtremainedconstant,whilepricestheyreceivedfortheirproductsfell.ThesedevelopmentsweremadeworsebytheGreatDepression,whichbeganin1929andextendedthroughoutthe1939s.

In1929,underPresidentHerbertHoover,theFederalFarmBoardwasorganized.Itestablishedtheprincipleofdirectinterferencewithsupplyanddemand,anditrepresentedthefirstnationalcommitmenttoprovidegreatereconomicstabilityforfarmers.

PresidentHoover’ssuccessorattachedevenmoreimportancetothisproblem.OneofthefirstmeasuresproposedbyPresidentFranklinD.Rooseveltwhenhetookofficein1933wastheAgriculturalAdjustmentAct,whichwassubsequentlypassedbyCongress.ThislawgavetheSecretaryofAgriculturethepowertoreduceproductionthroughvoluntaryagreementswithfarmerswhowerepaidtotaketheirlandoutofuse.Adeliberatescarcityoffarmproductswasplannedinanefforttoraiseprices.ThislawwasdeclaredunconstitutionalbytheSupremeCourtonthegroundsthatgeneraltaxeswerebeingcollectedtopayonespecialgroupofpeople.However,newlawswerepassedimmediatelythatachievedthesameresultofrestingsoilandproviding,flood-controlmeasures,butwhichwerebasedontheprincipl

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