考研考博-英語-成都信息工程大學銀杏酒店管理學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-成都信息工程大學銀杏酒店管理學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.單選題

Asoneoftheyoungestprofessorsintheuniversity,Mr.Browniscertainlyonthe（

）ofabrilliantcareer.

問題1選項

A.porch

B.threshold

C.edge

D.course

【答案】B

【解析】考察介詞短語搭配。沒有ontheporch這個搭配，排除選項A；onthethreshold“即將開始”；ontheedgeof“在……的邊緣”；onthecourseof“在……的過程中”。句意：作為學校里最年輕的教授，布朗先生正處在輝煌事業(yè)的開始階段。選項B符合題意。

2.單選題

Theattorneywasanintelligentdebater;he（

）thecross-questioningoftheSupremeCourtJudgeonthecaseissueinquiry.

問題1選項

A.relished

B.estimated

C.interrupted

D.dreaded

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。relished玩賞，品味；estimated評估，判斷；interrupted中止，打斷；dreaded恐懼，擔心。句意：律師是一個非常有智慧的辯論者。他打斷了最高法院法官關于案件調查的盤問。C項符合句意。

3.單選題

14.

問題1選項

A.Thewomanistoooptimisticaboutthestocksmarket.

B.Thewomanwillevenlosemoremoneyatthestockmarket.

C.Thestockmarketbubblewillcontinuetogrow.

D.Thestockmarketbubblewillsoonmeetitsdemise.

【答案】A

【解析】W:IthinkIcouldrecoverthecoughattheendofthisyear.

M:I’msorrytoburstyourbubble,butthestockindexstillrangesbetween1900and2900afterayear.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

【解析】常用習語。女士認為今年年底該站穩(wěn)了（股市會反彈），男士說：I’msorrytoburstyourbubble，即認為女士過于樂觀。

4.單選題

Itriedveryhardtorestrainraylaughter,buttearsstartedflowingdownmycheeksandIbegan______.

問題1選項

A.proffering

B.defrauding

C.guffawing

D.deflecting

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.proffering遞上，提供；提出B.defrauding欺騙；詐騙

C.guffawing哄笑，大笑著說D.deflecting使轉向；使傾斜

【答案】C

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據句子意思“我努力抑制住自己的笑聲，但是眼淚開始順著我的臉頰流了下來，我開始______”可知，“我努力抑制笑聲，但是眼淚留下來了”，所以“我忍不住大笑起來”，空格處填入C項符合句子意思。

【干擾項排除】A、B、D項不符合句意。

【句意】我竭力想忍住笑聲，但眼淚開始從我的臉頰上流下來，我開始大笑起來。

5.單選題

Didyouknowthatyoucouldbestingonafortunewithoutevenrealizingit?Ifyou’relikemostpeople,youhavenoideathatyouprobablyhaveitemsofvalueputawaythatcouldputdollarsinyourpocket.

That’sexactlywhyTonyHyman,Ed.D.,oneofAmerican’stoptenauthoritiesoncollectibles(收藏品)andthehostofthe#1radioantiquesandcollectiblescall-inQ&Ashow,wrotehisbookTrashorTreasure.“Thisbookhasonlyonepurpose:tomakemoneyforitsreaders,”saysHyman,whohasauthored11otherbooksonsellingcollectibles,andhasappearedoneverymajorTVtalkshow.

“TrashorTreasurecanmakeyourich,”saysAnitaGold,oneofthecountry’sforemostcolumnistsoncollectibles.“It’sbetterthanbuyingalotteryticket—youcan’tlosewiththisbook.”

ElsieGordon,fromFlorida,made$250bygoingthroughthetrashafterherhusbandhadcleanedoutthegarage.Sheoriginallythoughtthattheoldcarpartsandoilymanualsshe’drescuedmightbeworth$10.

There’sonlyonewaytoknowyouifwhatyouhaveistrashortreasure.Youhavetoaskaqualifiedexpert.That’swhyDr.Hyman’sbookisinvaluable:Itleadsyoustraightto1,200specialtybuyerswhoareactivelylookingforyourdust-gatherers.

TrashorTreasure,whichhassoldnearly250,000copies,istheonlybookofitskind.Foritnotonlytellsyouwhatyouhavethatcouldbeofvalue,ittellsyouwhotosellitto,wherethey’relocated,andhowtohandlethetransaction.AllyouhavetodoisfilloutSell-A-Gramincludedwiththebook.

TrashorTreasuregivesyoualltheinformationyouneedtotradeinyourtrashforcash.Let’sfaceit.Youcan’taffordtopassupthatopportunity.

1.Whatdoes“authored”(Par.2,lastsentence)mean?

2.FromwhatAntaGoldsaidwecaninferthat________.

3.Whatdoes“dust-gatherers”(Par.5,lastsentence)mean?

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTincludedinthebook?

5.Thistextislikelytobe________.

問題1選項

A.Beenanauthorityon.

B.Authorized.

C.Givenuptherightto.

D.Written.

問題2選項

A.youmaylosealotteryticketbutyouwon’tlosethisbook

B.youmayspendmoneyandgetnothingbackwhenyoubuyalotterytickerbutyoucanalwaysgetsomethingbackwhenyoubuythisbook

C.youmaybelateforgettingmoneyfromalotteryticketbutyoucan’twhenyoubuythisbook

D.youmaynotdoaswellasotherswhenyoubuyalotteryticketbutyouwillbeasgoodasanybodyelsewhenyoubuythisbook

問題3選項

A.Thingsonwhichdustgathers.

B.Peoplehiredtohelpclearawaythetrash.

C.Peopleemployedtoemptythedustbin.

D.Thingsonecollectswhengatheringuptrash.

問題4選項

A.Wherethespecialtybuyersarelocated.

B.Whatmightbeofvalue.

C.Whenthespecialtybuyershandletransaction.

D.Whowouldbuyvaluablecollectibles.

問題5選項

A.aprefacetoabook

B.abookreview

C.adviceprovidedbythesocialservices

D.anadvertisement

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.語義推測題。authored意思為“寫作；編寫”。根據第二段最后一句whohasauthored11otherbooksonsellingcollectibles（寫了另外11本關于出售收藏品的書），這里authored搭配books，D選項“寫”比較符合語境，也和authored詞義相近。A選項“是某方面的權威”，B選項“批準，授權”和C選項“放棄權利”不符合題意。因此D選項正確。

2.推理判斷題。根據第三段“TrashorTreasurecanmakeyourich,”…“It’sbetterthanbuyingalotteryticket—youcan’tlosewiththisbook.”（“《垃圾還是寶藏》可以讓你變得富有，”……“這比買彩票好——你不會因為擁有這本書而失去什么?！保恼聦懙氖琴u廢品為財富，運用這本書的內容會讓人增加財富，更不會因為這本書失去什么，所以B選項“你可能花了很多錢買彩票，卻什么也得不到，但是如果你買這本書，總會得到些什么”正確。A選項“你可能會失去一張彩票，但不會失去這本書”，C選項“可能買彩票你來晚了，但是買這本書不會晚”和D選項“如果你買彩票，可能不會像他人一樣優(yōu)秀，但是如果你買這本書，就會和其他人一樣優(yōu)秀”不符合文章內容。因此B選項正確。

3.語義推測題。根據第五段最后一句That’swhyDr.Hyman’sbookisinvaluable:Itleadsyoustraightto1,200specialtybuyerswhoareactivelylookingforyourdust-gatherers.（這就是為什么海曼博士的書是無價的：它直接把你帶到1200個專業(yè)買家面前，而他們正在積極地尋找你的灰塵收集器。），這些專家專門收購垃圾，所以D選項“收集垃圾的東西”符合題意。A選項“積灰塵的東西”，B選項“受雇幫助清理垃圾的人”和C選項“被雇傭來清空垃圾箱的人”不符合題意。因此D選項正確。

4.事實細節(jié)題。根據第六段第二句Foritnotonlytellsyouwhatyouhavethatcouldbeofvalue,ittellsyouwhotosellitto,wherethey’relocated,andhowtohandlethetransaction.（因為它不僅告訴你你擁有什么可能有價值的東西，還告訴你把它賣給誰，他們在哪里，以及如何處理交易。），可知這本書的內容有A選項“專業(yè)買家的所在地”，B選項“可能有價值的東西”和D選項“誰會買有價值的收藏品”，C選項“專業(yè)買家什么時候處理交易”不包含在內。因此C選項正確。

5.主旨大意題。這篇文章介紹了TrashorTreasure這本書，也介紹了這本書的作者和內容，而沒有對這本書的評價，所以A選項“書的序言”正確。B選項“書評”、C選項“社會服務機構給的意見”和D選項“廣告”不符合題意。因此A選項正確。

6.單選題

Theearliestcontroversiesabouttherelationshipbetweenphotographyandartcenteredonwhetherphotography’sfidelitytoappearancesanddependenceonamachineallowedittobeafineartasdistinctfrommerelyapracticalart.Throughoutthenineteenthcentury,thedefenseofphotographywasidenticalwiththestruggletoestablishitasafineart.Againstthechargethatphotographywasasoulless,mechanicalcopyingofreality,photographersassertedthatitwasinsteadaprivilegedwayofseeing,arevoltagainstcommonplacevision,andnolessworthyanartthanpainting.

Ironically,nowthatphotographyissecurelyestablishedasafineart,manyphotographersfinditpretentiousorirrelevanttolabelitassuch.Seriousphotographersvariouslyclaimtobefinding,recording,impartiallyobserving,witnessingevents,exploringthemselves—anythingbutmakingworksofart.Inthenineteenthcentury,photography’sassociationwiththerealworldplaceditinanambivalentrelationtoart;lateinthetwentiethcentury,anambivalentrelationexistsbecauseoftheModernistheritageinart.Thatimportantphotographersarenolongerwillingtodebatewhetherphotographyisorisnotafineart,excepttoproclaimthattheirownworkisnotinvolvedwithart,showstheextenttowhichtheysimplytakeforgrantedtheconceptofartimposedbythetriumphofModernism:thebettertheart,themoresubversiveitisofthetraditionalaimsofart.

Photographers’disclaimersofanyinterestinmakingarttellusmoreabouttheharriedstatusofthecontemporarynotionofartthanaboutwhetherphotographyisorisnotart.Forexample,thosephotographerswhosupposethat,bytakingpictures,theyaregettingawayfromthepretensiousofartasexemplifiedbypaintingremindusofthoseAbstractExpressionistpainterswhoimaginedtheyweregettingawayfromtheintellectualausterityofclassicalModernistpaintingbyconcentratingonthephysicalactofpainting.Muchofphotography’sprestigetodayderivesfromtheconvergenceofitsaimswiththoseofrecentart,particularlywiththedismissalofabstractartimplicitinthephenomenonofPoppaintingduringthe1960’s.Appreciatingphotographsisarelieftosensibilitiestiredofthementalexertionsdemandedbyabstractart.ClassicalModernistpainting—thatis,abstractartasdevelopedindifferentwaysbyPicasso,Kandinsky,andMatisse—presupposehighlydevelopedskillsoflookingandafamiliaritywithotherpaintingsandthehistoryofart.Photography,likePoppainting,reassuresviewersthatartisnothard;photographyseemstobemoreaboutitssubjectsthanaboutart.

Photography,however,hasdevelopedalltheanxietiesandself-consciousnessofaclassicModernistart.Manyprofessionalsprivatelyhavebeguntoworrythatthepromotionofphotographyasanactivitysubversiveofthetraditionalpretensionsofarthasgonesofarthatthepublicwillforgetthatphotographyisadistinctiveandexaltedactivity—inshort,anart.

1.Inthepassage,theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith（

）.

2.Whichofthefollowingadjectivesbestdescribes‘theconceptofartimposedbythetriumphofModernism”astheauthorrepresentsitinPara.2?

3.TheauthorintroducesAbstractExpressionistpainters(Para.3)inorderto（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingbestexplainsthereactionofseriouscontemporaryphotographerstothequestionofwhetherphotographyisanart?

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthormostprobablyconsidersseriouscontemporaryphotographytobea（

）.

問題1選項

A.explaininghowphotographyemergedasafineartafterthecontroversiesofthenineteenthcentury

B.identifyingthewaysthatrecentmovementsinpaintingandsculpturehaveinfluencedthetechniquesemployedbyseriousphotographers

C.explainingtheattitudesofseriouscontemporaryphotographerstowardphotographyasartandplacingthoseattitudesintheirhistoricalcontext

D.definingthevariousapproachesthatseriouscontemporaryphotographerstaketowardtheirartandassessingthevalueofeachofthoseapproaches

問題2選項

A.Mechanical

B.Paradoxical

C.Superficial

D.Dramatic

問題3選項

A.provideanexampleofartistswho,likeseriouscontemporaryphotographers,disavowedtraditionallyacceptedaimsofmodemart

B.callattentiontoartistswhoseworksoftenbearaphysicalresemblancetotheworksofseriouscontemporaryphotographers

C.setforthananalogybetweentheAbstractExpressionistpaintersandclassicalModernistpainters

D.provideanexplanationofwhyseriousphotography,likeothercontemporaryvisualforms,isnotandshouldnotpretendtobeanart

問題4選項

A.Thephotographers*beliefthattheirrelianceonanimpersonalmachinetoproducetheirartrequiresthesurrenderoftheauthorityoftheirpersonalvision

B.Thephotographers'fearthatseriousphotographymaynotbeacceptedasanartbythecontemporaryartpublic

C.TheinfluenceofAbstractExpressionistpaintingandPopArtonthesubjectmatterofthemodemphotograph

D.Thephotographers'beliefthatthebestartissubversiveofartasithaspreviouslybeendefined

問題5選項

A.contemporaryartthatisstrugglingtobeacceptedasfineart

B.craftrequiringsensitivitybutbynomeansanart

C.modemartthatdisplaystheModernisttendencytotrytosubverttheprevailingaimsofart

D.modemartthatdisplaysthetendencyofallModernistarttobecomeincreasinglyformalandabstract

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.題目問作者的文章主要是關注什么。根據文章第一段首句Theearliestcontroversiesabouttherelationshipbetweenphotographyandartcenteredonwhetherphotography’sfidelitytoappearancesanddependenceonamachineallowedittobeafineartasdistinctfrommerelyapracticalart.最早的關于攝影與藝術的關系的爭論主要集中在攝影對于外表的保真度和對機器的依賴是否能夠允許它成為一門藝術，有別于僅僅實用的美術。后文主要通過討論攝影是否是一門藝術這個問題，然后分析了論點雙方對于這個問題的態(tài)度。綜合分析后可知主要是分析了攝影師對待藝術的態(tài)度，C選項“揭示了嚴肅的當代攝影師對于攝影作為藝術以及在歷史背景下的藝術態(tài)度”符合題意。A項意為“解釋了在十九世紀的爭議之后攝影是怎樣成作為美術出現(xiàn)的”；B項意為“鑒別在近期影響了被嚴肅的攝影師所采納的技術的繪畫和雕塑藝術中所用到的方式”；D項意為“定義嚴肅的當代攝影師對他們的藝術所采取的各種方法和評估這些方法的價值”不符合，排除。

2.theconceptofartimposedbythetriumphofModernism意為“被現(xiàn)代主義的勝利所強加的藝術的概念”。A項意為“呆板的，機械的”；B項意為“矛盾的”；C項意為“表面的，膚淺的”；D項意為“引人注目的”。本句所在句子意為“重要的攝影家們不再愿意辯論攝影是或者不是一種藝術，除了聲稱他們自己的作品不再涉及藝術，表明了在多大程度上他們簡單地認為“被現(xiàn)代主義的勝利所強加的藝術的概念是理所當然的”：藝術越好，越顛覆藝術的傳統(tǒng)目的。根據句意可知作者所表達的內容是‘矛盾的‘，B選項符合題意。

3.題目問作者介紹抽象表現(xiàn)主義畫家的目的。根據第三段第二句‘Forexample,thosephotographerswhosupposethat,bytakingpictures,theyaregettingawayfromthepretensionsofartasexemplifiedbypaintingremindusofthoseAbstractExpressionistpainterswhoimaginedtheyweregettingawayfromtheintellectualausterityofclassicalModernistpaintingbyconcentratingonthephysicalactofpainting.例如，那些假設的攝影師，通過拍照，他們越來越遠離以繪畫藝術的自命不凡提醒我們的抽象表現(xiàn)主義畫家想象他們擺脫古典現(xiàn)代主義繪畫的知識緊縮專注于繪畫的物理行為?！芍髡咧饕窍肱e出這樣的例子，A選項“是為了舉出像嚴肅的現(xiàn)代攝影師那樣的藝術家，否認傳統(tǒng)上公認的現(xiàn)代藝術的目的”符合題意。

4.題目問哪一項最好地解釋了嚴肅的當代攝影師對于攝影是否是一門藝術的反應。根據文章最后一句Manyprofessionalsprivatelyhavebeguntoworrythatthepromotionofphotographyasanactivitysubversiveofthetraditionalpretensionsofarthasgonesofarthatthepublicwillforgetthatphotographyisadistinctiveandexaltedactivity—inshort,anart.許多專業(yè)攝影人員私下里己經開始擔心，攝影作為藝術活動促進顛覆傳統(tǒng)的自命不凡已經走得太遠，引起公眾忘記攝影是一種獨特的高活動總之，是一種藝術。確定D選項“攝影師認為最好的藝術是對藝術的顛覆，就像之前定義的那樣”正確。

5.題目問作者很可能認為嚴肅的當代攝影是一種……。A項意為“一種正努力要被認可為美術的當代藝術”；B項意為“一種要求敏感性的工藝，但絕不是藝術”；C項意為“顯示了現(xiàn)代主義的傾向，試圖顛覆主流的藝術目標的現(xiàn)代藝術”；D項意為“顯示所有的現(xiàn)代主義藝術的趨勢變得越來越正式和抽象的現(xiàn)代藝術”。根據文章內容以及最后一段的闡述’thebettertheart,themoresubversiveitisofthetraditionalaimsofart.Manyprofessionalsprivatelyhavebeguntoworrythat...ofarthasgonesofar藝術越好，對傳統(tǒng)藝術目標的顛覆性就越大。許多專業(yè)人士私下里開始擔心……藝術已經走了這么遠’確定C選項“顯示了現(xiàn)代主義的傾向，試圖顛覆主流的藝術目標的現(xiàn)代藝術”正確。

7.單選題

Asprotectorofherfamily’shealth,thepioneerwomanconfrontedsituationssheneverimaginedbeforecrossingtheMississippi.Fewwomencamewestpreparedtodealwithdesertsunburn,rattlesnakebites,orarrowwounds.Evenwhendoctorswereavailable,theywereoftennomoreknowledgeablethantheirpatients.Andmostpatentmedicineswerenomorereliablethantheitinerantmerchantswhosoldthem.

Incertaincases,awomancoulddrawuponthefolkwisdomandremediesshehadlearnedbackhome;Westernmosquitoes,forexample,provedtobeasrepelledbyapasteofvinegarandsaltasweretheirEasterncousins.Moreoften,however,awomanwasguidedonlybyherowningenuityinconcoctingtonics,powders,poisons,andpolishesfromwhatevershehadathand;saltmadeapassabletoothpaste;gunpowderwasappliedtowarts,andturpentine(松節(jié)油)toopencuts;goosegrease,skunkoil,andtheever-presentlardwerebasicliniments;medicalteasandtonicswerebrewedfromsunflowerseedsandroots.

31.Accordingtothepassage,whyweredoctorsinthewestsometimesunabletohelptheirpatients?

32.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassageaboutpatentmedicines?

33.ItcanbeinferredthatmostofthepioneersreferredtointhepassagewereoriginallyfromwhereintheUnitedStates?

34.AllofthefollowingwerementionedinthepassageasbeingencounteredbythepioneersEXCEPT（）.

35.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatinordertosurviveintheWest,thepioneershadtobe（）.

問題1選項

A.Theydidnotknowhowtotreattheunfamiliarillnesses.

B.Theyweremoreinterestedinestablishingpracticesinthecities.

C.Theyweremoreconcernedwithdoingresearchthanwithtreatingpatients.

D.Theywereoftenovercomebydiseasescaughtfromtheirpatients.

問題2選項

A.Theydonotcostmuch.

B.Theyhelpedhealsnakebites.

C.Theydidnotworkverywell.

D.Theyhasastrongtaste.

問題3選項

A.Thedesert

B.TheWest

C.ThestateofMississippi

D.TheEast

問題4選項

A.arrowwounds

B.severefrostbite

C.desertsunburn

D.rattlesnakebites

問題5選項

A.sincere

B.young

C.resourceful

D.rich

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】31.客觀細節(jié)題。根據原文Evenwhendoctorswereavailable,theywereoftennomoreknowledgeablethantheirpatients.（即使有醫(yī)生，他們也常常像他們的病人一樣缺乏知識。）故A選項“他們不知道如何治療他們不熟悉的疾病”正確。B選項“他們對在城市建立業(yè)務更感興趣”，C選項“他們更關心做研究而不是治療病人”，D選項“他們經常對他們病人的疾病無可奈何”不符合原文。因此A選項正確。

32.客觀細節(jié)題。根據原文Andmostpatentmedicineswerenomorereliablethantheitinerantmerchantswhosoldthem.（大多數專利藥和賣專利藥的流動商人的藥品一樣，都不可靠。）所以我們可以推理出專利藥的效果難以保證。C選項“它們的效果不太好。”正確。A選項“它們不貴”，B選項“它們對治療蛇咬傷有幫助”，D選項“它們味道很重”都不符合原文。故選C。

33.推理判斷題。定位在第二段第一句，提示詞learnbackhome（從家學習到的），可以在下半句找到答案，theirEasterncousins（她們東部的表兄弟們）可推理出她們來自美國的東部地區(qū)。A選項Thedesert“沙漠”；B選項Thewest“西部”；C選項ThestateofMississippi“密西西比州”，首句Asprotectorofherfamily’shealth,thepioneerwomanconfrontedsituationssheneverimaginedbeforecrossingtheMississippi.Fewwomencamewestpreparedtodealwithdesertsunburn,rattlesnakebites,orarrowwounds.（作為她家庭健康的守護者，這位開拓者在穿越密西西比州之前遇到了她從未想象過的情況。很少有婦女來西部就準備好了應對沙漠曬傷、響尾蛇的咬傷或箭傷的。）由此可排除AB選項，C選項為干擾項，文中只說了穿越了密西西比并沒有直接說明來自那里。故選D。

34.客觀細節(jié)題。根據原文Fewwomencamewestpreparedtodealwithdesertsunburn,rattlesnakebites,orarrowwounds.（很少的婦女來到西部，就能夠準備應對沙漠曬傷、響尾蛇咬傷或者箭傷的。）A選項“箭傷”，C選項“沙漠曬傷”，D選項“響尾蛇咬傷”在句中都有提及，而B選項“嚴重的凍傷”并未涉及，故選B。

35.語義推測題。A選項sincere“真誠的”；B選項young“年輕的”；C選項resourceful“有策略的，足智多謀的”；D選項rich“富有的”。從第一段我們知道西部地區(qū)是比較艱苦的，定位到第二段awomancoulddrawuponthefolkwisdomandremediesshehadlearnedbackhome.(女人可以借鑒自己在家里學到的民間智慧和療法。)由此我們可知先鋒者在西部艱苦的地方生存下來是需要有一定技巧的，故選C。

8.單選題

Yesterdayafternoonamultitudeofpeopleattendedthefundraisingpresentationinthemall

問題1選項

A.smallnumber

B.specialgroup

C.hugecrowd

D.youthfulteam

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。amultitudeof許多的，大批的。只有C項“hugecrowd大群人”正確。句意：昨天下午，許多人參加了在商場舉行的募捐活動。

9.單選題

Thefiremen（

）theabandonedwarehouseforpotentialfirehazards.

問題1選項

A.scanned

B.inspected

C.scrutinized

D.audited

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。scan“瀏覽，掃視”；inspect“檢查，仔細挑剔”；scrutinize“細看，仔細閱讀，仔細挑剔地檢查”；audit“審計，查賬”。句意：消防員檢查了廢棄倉庫是否存在潛在的火災隱患。B項符合題意。

10.單選題

Asisthecaseinmanycultures,thedegreetowhichaminoritygroupwasseenasdifferentfromthecharacteristicsofthedominantmajoritydeterminedtheextentofthatgroup'sacceptance.Immigrantswhowereliketheearliersettlerswereaccepted.ThelargenumbersofimmigrantswithsignificantlydifferentcharacteristicstendedtobeviewedasathreattobasicAmericanvaluesandtheAmericanwayoflife.

Thiswasparticularlytrueoftheimmigrantswhoarrivedbythemillionsduringthelatenineteenthandearlytwentiethcenturies.Mostofthemcamefrompoverty-strickennationsofsouthernandeasternEurope.TheyspokelanguagesotherthanEnglish,andlargenumbersofthemwereCatholicsorJews.

Americansatthetimewereveryfearfulofthisnewfloodofimmigrants.TheywereafraidthatthesepeopleweresoaccustomedtolivesofpovertyanddependencethattheywouldnotunderstandsuchbasicAmericanvaluesasfreedom,self-relianceandcompetition.Thereweresomanynewimmigrantsthattheymightevenchangethebasicvaluesofthenationinundesirableways.

AmericanstriedtomeetwhattheysawasathreattotheirvaluesbyofferingEnglishinstructionforthenewimmigrantsandcitizenshipclassestoteachthembasicAmericanbeliefs.Theimmigrants,however,oftenfeltthattheirAmericanteachersdisapprovedofthetraditionsoftheirhomeland.Moreover,learningaboutAmericanvaluesgavethemlittlehelpinmeetingtheirmostimportantneedssuchasemployment,food,andaplacetolive.

Farmorehelpfultothenewimmigrantswerethe"politicalbosses"ofthelargercitiesofthenortheasternUnitedStates,wheremostoftheimmigrantsfirstarrived.Thosebossessawtoomanyofthepracticalneedsoftheimmigrantsandweremoreacceptingofthedifferenthomelandtraditions.Inexchangefortheirhelp,thepoliticalbossesexpectedtheimmigrantstokeeptheminpowerbyvotingfortheminelections.

Inspiteofthis,manyscholarsbelievethatthepoliticalbossesperformedanimportantfunctioninthelatenineteenthandearlytwentiethcenturies.TheyhelpedtoassimilatelargenumbersofdisadvantagedwhiteimmigrantsintothelargerAmericanculture.ThefactthattheUnitedStateshadarapidlyexpandingeconomyatthebeginningofthecenturymadeitpossibleforthesenewimmigrants,oftenwiththehelpofthebosses,tobettertheirstandardoflivingintheUnitedStates.Asaresultofthesenewopportunitiesandnewrewards,immigrantscametoacceptmostofthevaluesofthelargerAmericancultureandwereacceptedbythegreatmajorityofAmericans.Forwhiteethnicgroups,therefore,itisgenerallytruethattheirfeelingofbeingapartofthelargerculture,thatis,"American"ismuchstrongerthantheirfeelingofbelongingtoaseparateethnicgroup—Irish,Italian,Polish,etc.

1.Aminoritygroup'sacceptancetothecountrywasdeterminedby（）.

2.Theimmigrants'flushinginwasconsideredathreattoAmericanvaluemainlybecause（）.

3."Citizenshipclasses"(Para.4)wereofferedbecauseAmericans（）.

4.Thepoliticalbosseshelpedthenewimmigrantsforthemainpurposeof（）.

5.Thelivingstandardsofthenewimmigrantswereimprovedinthelatenineteenthandearlytwentiethcenturiesmainlybecause（）.

問題1選項

A.thedifferencetheyshowedfromthemajority

B.thetimewhentheyarrivedatthenewland

C.thebackgroundconditionstheycamefrom

D.thereligionsgrouptowhichtheybelonged

問題2選項

A.theimmigrantscamefrompoverty-strickennationsofsouthernandeasternEurope

B.theimmigrantshadbeenaccustomedtopovertyanddependence

C.theimmigrantshaddifferenthomelandtraditionsandotherparticularcharacteristics

D.theimmigrantsdidnotspeakEnglish

問題3選項

A.wantedtohelptheimmigrantstosolvetheirpracticalneeds

B.wouldnotacceptanygroupswithdifferenttraditions

C.wantedtheimmigrantstodealwiththethreattotheAmericanvalues

D.wantedtheimmigrantstolearnaboutandtokeeptheAmericanvalues

問題4選項

A.showingofftheirpoliticalpowersandadvantages

B.gettingsupportinelections

C.assimilatingtheminorityintothemajority

D.showingtheirgenerosity

問題5選項

A.theykeptthepoliticalbossesinpower

B.thepoliticalbossesgavethemalotofpracticalhelp

C.theyhadamuchstrongerfeelingofbeingapartofthelargerculture

D.therewasarapidgrowthinAmericaneconomyatthattime

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據第一段的第一句“...aminoritygroupwasseenasdifferentfromthecharacteristicsofthedominantmajoritydeterminedtheextentofthatgroup'sacceptance.”少數群體因其不同于占主導地位的多數群體的特征的程度決定了該群體被接受的程度。選項A符合原文。

2.根據第一段的最后一句“ThelargenumbersofimmigrantswithsignificantlydifferentcharacteristicstendedtobeviewedasathreattobasicAmericanvaluesandtheAmericanwayoflife.”大量具有明顯不同特征的移民往往被視為對美國基本價值觀和美國生活方式的威脅。選項C正確。

3.根據第四段的第一句“AmericanstriedtomeetwhattheysawasathreattotheirvaluesbyofferingEnglishinstructionforthenewimmigrantsandcitizenshipclassestoteachthembasicAmericanbeliefs.”為移民提供公民課程是因為美國希望移民們了解并保持美國的價值觀。選項D符合原文。

4.根據第五段的最后一句“Inexchangefortheirhelp,thepoliticalbossesexpectedtheimmigrantstokeeptheminpowerbyvotingfortheminelections.”作為對他們幫助的回報，政治領袖們希望移民們在選舉中投票支持他們，從而使他們繼續(xù)掌權。所以選項B正確。

5.根據第六段的第三句“ThefactthattheUnitedStateshadarapidlyexpandingeconomyatthebeginningofthecenturymadeitpossibleforthesenewimmigrants,oftenwiththehelpofthebosses,tobettertheirstandardoflivingintheUnitedStates.”20世紀的移民生活水平提高主要原因還是美國經濟的快速發(fā)展，所以選項D正確。

11.單選題

It’sour______ifthecarisdamaged,wemustpay.

問題1選項

A.capacity

B.capability

C.cavity

D.liability

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項capacity“能力，容量”，B項capability“才能”，C項cavity“腔，洞，凹處”，D項liability“責任，債務”。根據句子后半部分的意思“如果汽車損壞了，我們必須賠償”可知，空格處填入“責任”符合句意。句意：汽車損壞是我們的責任，我們必須賠償。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

12.寫作題

WriteonANSWERSHEETaletterofabo