必修三課堂筆記

必修三課堂筆記必修三課堂筆記必修三課堂筆記xxx公司必修三課堂筆記文件編號：文件日期：修訂次數(shù)：第1.0次更改批準(zhǔn)審核制定方案設(shè)計，管理制度Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld1、orsatisfyandpleasetheancestors,whocouldreturneithertohelportodoharm.取悅祖先，使他們得到滿足，因為（祖先們）有可能回來幫助他，也有可能帶來危害。doharm（n.）tosb=harm（vt.）sb=beharmful（adj.）tosb=dodamagetosb對某人有傷害（危害）begoodtosb=begoodforsb對某人有好處bebadforsb對某人有壞處Smokingdoes（great）harmtoone’shealth.=Smokingharmsone’shealth.=Smokingisharmfultoone’shealth.抽煙對人體有害。2、ThefestivalsofHalloweenhaditsoriginasaneventinmemoryofthedead.萬圣節(jié)前夕的盛會也是源自紀(jì)念亡者的祭事。inmemoryofsb=tothememoryofsb為了紀(jì)念某人Thislibrarywasbuiltinmemoryof/tothememoryofthefamousscientist.這家圖書館是為了紀(jì)念那位著名的科學(xué)家而建的。3、Theydressupandtrytofrightenpeople.他們喬裝打扮去嚇唬人。dressv.穿衣；給某人穿衣n.衣服eveningdress晚禮服dressup；towearone’sbestclothes穿上盛裝①Dressquickly,oryou’llbelate.②Theboyisoldenoughtodresshimself.③Themiddle-agedwomanisdressedinalongcoat.④Theydressedupfortheirwedding.4、InChinaandJapantherearemid-autumnfestivals,whenpeopleadmirethemoonandgivegiftsofmooncakes.在中國和日本都有中秋節(jié)，這時，人們會賞月，并互贈月餅。admiresborsth欽佩（贊賞）某人或某物admiresbforsth羨慕某人的某物Tobehonest,weadmirehishandwritingverymuch.=Tobehonest,weadmirehimforhishandwritingverymuch.說實話，我們非常羨慕他的書法。admirern.贊賞者，敬慕者admirationn.贊賞，羨慕相關(guān)鏈接：praisesbforsth為某事表揚某人punishsbforsth為某事懲罰某人scoldsbforsth為某事責(zé)備某人5、Themostenergeticandimportantfestivalsaretheonesthatlookforwardtotheendofwinterandtothecomingofspring.最富有生氣而又最重要的節(jié)日就是告別冬天迎來春天的日子。4lookforwardtosthordoingsth盼望某事或盼望干某事ManypeoplelookforwardtovisitingtheGreatWall.很多人盼望參觀長城。這類短語還有：beusedto習(xí)慣于payattentionto注意stickto堅持leadto導(dǎo)致referto參閱devoteto貢獻；奉獻adaptto適應(yīng)6、Thecountryiscoveredwithcherrytreeflowerssothatitlooksasthoughitmightbecoveredwithpinksnow.整個國度處處都是櫻花盛開，看上去就像罩上了一層粉紅色的雪。asthough=asif似乎，好像①ThegirlspeaksEnglishsowellasif/asthoughshewereborninEngland.②Itlooksasifheweredrunk.（虛擬語氣，沒醉）③Itlooksasifheisdrunk.（真實語氣，醉了）語法：Modalverbs（Ⅰ）情態(tài)動詞Ⅰ情態(tài)動詞否定式縮略形式情態(tài)動詞否定式縮略形式cancannot/cannotcan’tshouldshouldnotshouldn’tcouldcouldnotcouldn’twillwillnotwon’tmaymaynotmayn’twouldwouldnotwouldn’tmightmightnotmightn’tneedneednotneedn’tmustmustnotmustn’tdaredarenotdaren’tshallshallnotshan’toughttooughtnottooughtn’tto重點：一、易混淆的情態(tài)動詞1、can，could/beabletocan，could表示“潛在的能力”、“許可”（不如may正式）、“可能性”等；用于一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時。beableto表示“已經(jīng)實現(xiàn)的能力”，可用于多種時態(tài)。①IhavebeenabletoswimsinceIwassixyearsold.（could/havebeenableto）②Sheisn’tgoodatmath,butshewasabletopasstheexamyesterday.（could/wasableto）2、must/havetomust表示“一定”，“必須”，表示說話人的主觀看法。而haveto表示客觀需要，是“不得不”的意思。①It’sgettingdarkeranddarker,soyoumusthurry.（must/haveto）②It’sgettingdarkeranddarker,sowehavetohurry.（must/haveto）3、will/shall征求他人意見時，will用于第二人稱，shall用于第一和第三人稱。①Everybodyishere.Shallwestartthemeeting（shall/will）②Therearetoomanypeopleinside.Will/Wouldyoupleasespeaklouder（will/would/shall）4、would/usedtodo都有“過去常常干”的意思，但usedtodo指“過去常干，現(xiàn)在不干了”，強調(diào)比較；而would不強調(diào)比較，帶有感情色彩。①Bobusedtoworkhere,buthehasmovedtoanotherplace.（would/usedto）②Theoldwomanwouldsitbythewindowforhours,missingherchildren.（would/usedto）5、dare/need這兩個動詞既可以作情態(tài)動詞，又可以作實意動詞。特點：need/dare后接動詞原形時是情態(tài)動詞；接動詞不定式或名詞時是實意動詞。①Theydarenotgothereagain,darethey（do/dare）②Youneedanewcomputer,don’tyou（needn’t/don’t）③Theboyneedstoseeadoctor,doesn’the（needn’t/doesn’t）二、問答中的情態(tài)動詞重點：否定回答中容易出錯mustneedn’t/don’thaveto重點詞匯1、takeplace/takeone’splace/taketheplaceof①Thistookplacethreedaysago.②Mr.Smithisillandanotherteacherhastotakehisplace.③Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourcountrysince1977.2、starve/gohungry①Intheolddaysmanypeoplewenthungryandstarvedtodeath.②Thehomelesschildrenwerestarvingforlove.（渴望得到）3、playatrickonsb=playajokeonsb①Heenjoysplayingtricksonstrangers.（plays/playing）②It’swrongofyoutoplayajokeonsuchalittlegirl.（toplay/play）4、custom/habit①You’dbettergiveupthebadhabitofsmoking.②It’scustomforChinesepeopletotakeofftheirshoeswhentheygetintoahall.5、award/prize①Thejudges（評委）awardedherthefirstprizeforherpicture.②Inthiscompetitionhehaswona（an）prize/awardof10,000dollars.6、cloth/clothing/clothes①Hiscoatismadeoffinecloth,soitisexpensive.②Areyougoingtotheclothingshoptobuytrousers③Putonmoreclothes,oryou’llcatchacold.7、permit/permission①Withmymother’spermission,Iboughtanewcomputer.②Ifmymotherpermits,I’llbuyanewcomputer.8、turnup/turndownturnup向上翻，出現(xiàn)；提高音量turndown降低音量；拒絕①Wewaitedandwaited,buthedidn’tturnup.②Turnuptheradiosothateveryonecanhearthenews.③Igavehimsomeadvicebutheturneditdown.（拒絕）9、lovely/lively①Theclasseshetaughtwerelivelyandinteresting.②Whatalovelydayitis!Let’sgoouting.Unit2Healthyeating1、Hisrestaurantoughttobefullofpeople.他的餐廳本來應(yīng)該賓客盈門的。befullof=befilledwith充滿，裝滿fill...with...用??把??裝滿（填滿）①Thebuswastoocrowdedbecauseitwasfullofpassengers.（=wasfilledwith）班車很擁擠，因為人太多。②Theroomisfilledwithlaughter.（=isfullof）房間里充滿了笑聲。③Willyoupleasefillmyglasswithwater,Tom湯姆，把我杯子里的水裝滿好嗎2、Whatcouldhavehappened發(fā)生了什么事“Nothingcouldhavebeenbetter,”hethought.他想，“再沒有什么比這更好吃的了?！盨omethingterriblemusthavehappenedifLichangwasnotcomingtoeatwithhimashealwaysdid.要是李昌不像往常那樣到他店里吃飯，那問題一定嚴(yán)重了。情態(tài)動詞+havedone表示對過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事進行推測。musthavedonesth一定已經(jīng)干了某事，must只能用于肯定；can’thavedonesth不可能已經(jīng)干了某事，can用于否定和疑問；may/mighthavedone可能（也許）干了某事，may/might用于肯定或否定。①Mr.Zhangisbusyinthenextroom.HeCtoAmerica.’thavegone’tgo’thavegonehavegone②Herunclecoughsdayandnight.HeCabadcold.havecaughtcatchhavecaughtcatch③Bobhasn’tcomebackyet.Bhehavegotintotrouble3、TiredofallthatfatWanttoloseweight肥膩的東西吃厭了吧想變瘦嗎betiredofsthordoingsth討厭、厭倦干某事betiredfromsthordoingsth因干某事而勞累有時介詞from也可換用with，但少用①Totellyouthetruth,I’mtiredoflisteningthiskindofmusic.實話實說，我討厭聽這種音樂。②LiDongissleepyinclass.Maybeheistiredfromplayingfootball.李東課堂上很疲倦，可能是踢足球踢累了。4、WangPengwasamazedatthisandespeciallyattheprices.王鵬對此感到吃驚，特別是對它的價格。beamazed/surprised/astonishedat對??感到吃驚。短語中的介詞at表示原因5、Hecouldn’thaveYongHuigettingawaywithtellingpeoplelies!他可不能讓雍慧哄騙人們！havesb/sthdoingsth允許或容忍某人/某事（繼續(xù)下去）havesb/sthdone讓別人干某事（自己不干）havesbdosth使某人干某事（=makesbdosth）Savewater!Don’thaveitrunningalldaylong.節(jié)約用水喲！不要讓水一天到晚地流。You’dbetterhaveyourbicyclerepairedassoonaspossible.你最好盡快請人把自行車修一下。③Theteachermademecopymycompositionagain.老師要我把作文再抄寫一遍。6、Itwasnotgivingitscustomersenergy-givingfood.它提供給顧客吃的食物沒有熱量。WangPengfollowedLiChangintoanewly-openedsmallrestaurantattheendofthestreet.王鵬跟著李昌來到街尾一家新開張的小餐館。energy-givingfood（復(fù)合詞，食物與提供是主動關(guān)系，用-ing）anewly-openedsmallrestaurant（復(fù)合詞，餐館和包辦是被動關(guān)系，用-ed）ahand-madebag手工制作的包（被動關(guān)系）meat-eatinganimals食肉動物（主動關(guān)系）練習(xí)：勤勞的工人hard-workingworkers；愛好和平的人們peace-lovingpeople；新生嬰兒anew-bornbaby、Perhapshewouldbeabletoearnhislivingafterallandnothavetoclosehisrestaurant.也許他仍然能夠謀生，而不必關(guān)閉自己的餐館。earna/one’sliving=makea/one’sliving=getmoneybydoingsth謀生Asyouknow,taxidriversmake/earntheirlivingbydriving.你是知道的，的士司機靠開車過活。練習(xí)：農(nóng)民靠種地過活。Farmersmakealivingbyfarming.8、Hedidnotlookforwardtobeingindebtbecausehisrestaurantwasnolongerpopular.他可不希望由于餐館不受歡迎而負(fù)債。indebt負(fù)債introuble在困難中indanger在危險中inneed需要=indemand這些短語中的介詞in表示狀態(tài)語法：表示推測的情態(tài)動詞（Ⅰ）“情態(tài)動詞”加上havedone，推測事情已經(jīng)完成；“情態(tài)動詞”加上bedoing，推測事情正在進行。表示推測的情態(tài)動詞（Ⅱ）musthavedonesth一定已經(jīng)干了某事may/mighthavedonesth也許已經(jīng)干了某事can’thavedonesth不可能已經(jīng)干了某事couldhavedonesth有可能已經(jīng)干了某事；本來有可能干但沒干某事should/oughttohavedonesth本來應(yīng)該干但沒干某事needn’thavedonesth本來不必干但干了某事重點詞匯1、balancen.v.平衡；權(quán)衡①Thereisanicebalancebetweenworkandplayinhislife.他把生活中的工作和娛樂控制得很平衡。②Shebalance（herself）ononefoot.她用一只腳站立。常用詞組：keepone’sbalance保持平衡；loseone’sbalance失去平衡；keepthebalanceofnature保持生態(tài)平衡③Weshoulddowhatwecantokeepthebalanceofnature.我們應(yīng)盡力保持生態(tài)平衡。2、energy精力；活力（能源，能量），force武力；暴力strength人力；體力，power權(quán)力；能力；電力①Youngpeopleusuallyhavemoreenergythantheold.年輕人通常比老年人有活力。②Electricity（power）isakindofenergy.電力是一種能源。③Thethieftookthemoneyfromtheoldmanbyforce.那盜賊用暴力搶走了老人的錢。④Heisbadlyillandhasnostrengthtogetoutofbed.他病得厲害，連下床的力氣都沒有。⑤Manisonlyanimalthathasthepowerofspeech.（=ability）人是唯一能說話的動物。⑥Herfatherisapowerinthistown.她父親是這個鎮(zhèn)上有權(quán)勢的人。⑦I’msureChinawillbeoneofthepowersintheworld.我確信中國將成為世界強國之一。3、getaway（from）離開，逃離getawaywith拿??潛逃；（做了壞事卻逃避責(zé)罰；逍遙法外）①I’mafraidIcan’tgetawayfromthemeeting.我恐怕難從會議中抽身。②Howdidhegetawaywithcheating（不用被動語態(tài)）他欺騙人怎么未受懲罰呢③Youwillnevergetawaywithit.你永遠(yuǎn)也逃不掉懲罰。4、getridof擺脫；除去；排除=ridofgetoutof逃避；躲掉；改掉=getridof①Youmustgetridofyourbadhabit.=Youmustridyourselfofthebadhabit.你必須克服這些壞習(xí)慣。②HowcanIgetridofthefliesinthekitchen我怎樣才能把廚房的蒼蠅消滅掉③ItwasraininghardwhenIwasgettingoutoftheclassroom.我從教室出來的時候正下大雨。④Ican’tgetoutofwakingatsixinthemorning.=Ican’tgetridofwakingatsixinthemorning.我早晨六點鐘醒的習(xí)慣改不了。5、lookat看；眺望stareat注視；盯著看glareat怒視；炫耀①Helookedangrilyatme.他憤怒地看著我。②It’srudetostareatpeople.盯著人看是不禮貌的。Theydidn’tfight,butstoodthereglaringatoneanother.他們并沒有動手，只是站在那里怒目相視。Unit3TheMillionPoundBankNote1、Arichpersongivesyoualargeamountofmoneytouseasyoulike.Whatwillyoudowithit一個有錢人給了你一大筆錢讓你隨意花，你會拿它做些什么dowith對待；處理；處置（與what連用）dealwith對待；處理；與??交易（與how連用）Thenewteacherdidn’tknowwhattodowiththeclass.=Thenewteacherdidn’tknowhowtodealwiththeclass.那位新老師不知道如何對付他班上的學(xué)生。②Idon’tknowwhat（Ishould）todowiththewastepaper.=Idon’tknowhow（Ishould）todealwiththewastepaper.我不知道如何處理這些廢紙。2、HaveyouevermadeabetwithafriendIfso,whatdidyoubeton你和朋友打過賭嗎如果打過，賭的是什么makeabeton=betonbet-bet-betorbet-betted-betted-betting①Theymadea5-dollarbetonwhowouldwinthegame.=Theybet5dollarsonwhowouldwinthegame.他們押了5元賭金賭誰會在比賽中獲勝。②win/loseabet賭贏（輸）了相關(guān)鏈接makeachoice=choosemakeafoolofsb=foolsbmakeadecision=decidedmakeareplytosb=replytosbmakeanapologytosbforsth=apologisetosbforsth3、Nowladiesandgentleman,you’reabouttohearthemostincredibletale.女士們，先生們，你們將要聽到一個最令人難以置信的故事。sbwas/were（just）abouttodo...when...某人正要干??這時??=sbwas/wereonthepointofdoing...when...Wewere（just）abouttostartwhenitbegantorain.=Wewereonthepointofstartingwhenitbegantorain.我們正要出發(fā)，這時下起雨來了。相關(guān)鏈接sbwas/weredoing...when...某人正在干??這時??sbhadjustdone...when...某人剛剛干了??這時??Ihadjustlaindownwhenthetelephonerang.我剛剛躺下，這時電話鈴響了。4、HeislostinLondon.他在倫敦迷路了?！懊月贰钡娜N表達(dá)方法他們在森林里迷路了。①Theywerelostintheforest.②Theylostthemselvesintheforest.③Theylosttheirwayintheforest.5、Permitmetoleadtheway,sir.先生，請讓我來帶路吧。注意permitsbtodosth=permitdoingsthallowsbtodosth=allowdoingsthadvisesbtodosth=advisedoingsthforbid（禁止）sbtodosth=forbiddoingsth①Wedon’tallowanybodytosmokeinourroom.=Wedon’tallowsmokinginourroom.我們不允許任何人在我們房間抽煙。Headvisedustodomorereadinginoursparetime.=Headviseddoingmorereadinginoursparetime.他建議我們業(yè)余時間多讀書。6、Asamatteroffact,IlandedinBritainbyaccident.事實上，我在英國上岸是偶然的。asamatteroffact=infact=ineffect=inpractice事實上byaccident=bychance=accidentally偶然地Infact,Imethiminthestreetbychance.=Asamatteroffact,Icameacrosshiminthestreet.=Ineffect,Ihappenedtomeethiminthestreet.我在街上碰巧遇見了他。7、Well,tobehonest,Ihavenone.哦，老實說，我一分錢都沒有了。tobehonest=totellyouthetruth老實說；說實話none一個（件）也沒有（指人或物，可與of連用）noone一個也沒有（只能指人，不能與of連用）①Tobehonest,noonewasontheplayground.=Totellyouthetruth,therewasnoneontheplayground.實話實說，操場上一個人也沒有。②Tohonest,noneofthedesksisnew.（此處不能用noone）說實話，沒有一張桌子是新的。語法：賓語從句和表語從句（Nounclauseastheobjectandpredicative）賓語從句的特點是注意四個字：語序，時態(tài)；賓語從句常位于及物動詞、介詞或少數(shù)形容詞之后。①Idon’tknowhowoldheis.（動詞之后，語序變化）我不知道他多大了。②Iwasinterestedinwhathesaid.（介詞之后，時態(tài)變化）我對他說的很感興趣。③I’msure（that）youwillsucceed.我確信你會成功。形容詞后接賓語從句常見的有：’mafraid...；I’mglad...和I’msure...等句型。表語從句位于系動詞之后，常見的系動詞有be，look，seem等，表語從句的語序也是陳述句語序。①Thequestioniswheresheworks.問題是她在哪工作。②Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.看起來要下雨了。重點詞匯1、account認(rèn)為；說明accountfor導(dǎo)致；做出解釋（accountvi.）onaccountof=becauseof因為（accountn.）①Iaccounthimlucky.=Iaccounthimaluckyman.我認(rèn)為他很幸運。②Howcanyouaccountforthisaccident你如何說明這個事故③Thetrainwaslateonaccountofsnow.=Thetrainwaslatebecauseofsnow.火車因下雪延誤了。2、berudetosb對某人粗魯It’srudeofhimtospeaktohisfatherthatway.=It’sbadmannersforhimtospeaktohisfatherthatway.他那樣與他的父親講話是不禮貌的。相關(guān)鏈接becrueltosb對某人殘忍；befriendlytosb對某人友好bekindtosb對某人善良；bepolitetosb對某人有禮貌bestrictwithsb對某人嚴(yán)格；bepatientwithsb對某人耐心behardonsb對某人苛刻3、evenif=eventhough即使；縱使兩者的意思差不多，但evenif引導(dǎo)的從句含有很強的假設(shè)性；而eventhough引導(dǎo)的只是一個條件。①Evenifheisverypoor,sheloveshim.=Hemaybeverypoor,yetsheloveshim.即使他很窮，她還是愛他。（再窮也愛他）②Eventhoughheisverypoor,sheloveshim.=Hisverypoor,yetsheloveshim.盡管他很窮，但她還是愛他。（窮已是事實）4、manner禮貌；風(fēng)格；方式①Theydealtwiththeprobleminaverydifferentmanner.他們處理問題的方式很不一樣。②Holdyourknifeandforkinthismanner.這樣拿刀叉。（用這種方式拿）③Everybodylikesaboywithgoodmanners.大家都喜歡講禮貌的男孩。相關(guān)鏈接bythis/thesemeans用這種（這些）方法；teaching/learningmethods教（學(xué)）法5、servev.當(dāng)仆人；服務(wù)；服役；供職；招待；供應(yīng)servicen.服務(wù)；服役servantn.仆人①Heservedthefamilyasacookforfifteenyears.他在那戶人家當(dāng)了15年之久的廚師。②Thewaiterserveduswithwine.=Thewaiterservedwinetous.服務(wù)生為我們倒酒。③Themanonceservedinthearmy,butlaterheservedasentenceforfiveyears（inprison）.這人當(dāng)過兵，但后來又經(jīng)服刑5年。④Thisservantiswell-knownforgoodservice.這個仆人（公務(wù)員）以優(yōu)質(zhì)服務(wù)而聞名。Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars1、Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock,theywereintimetoproducethewatervapor,...地球猛烈的爆炸噴出了烈火和巖石，最終產(chǎn)生了水蒸氣、??intime=soonerorlater遲早=notlateorwithoutdelay（ontime準(zhǔn)時）Goodlucktohim,thedoctorarrivedthereintimeandtheboywassaved.幸運的是，醫(yī)生及時趕到，男孩得救了。②You’llunderstanditintime.（=soonerorlater）你遲早會明白這件事的。*betodo常用來表示不可避免將要發(fā)生的事或必須要做的事。①Thisdiscoverywastohaveamajoreffectonthetreatmentofheartdisease.這個發(fā)現(xiàn)對心臟病的治療產(chǎn)生了重大影響。②Mr.Clarksaidtohisdaughter,“Youaretobehomeby10o’clockatthelatest.”克拉克先生對他的女兒說，“你必須在10點以前到家?！雹跧was（about）toleavewhenmyunclecamein.（此時betodo=beabouttodo）我正要出發(fā)，這時叔叔進來了。2、Itallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgases,whichhadbecomepartoftheearth’satmosphere,intotheoceansandseas.它使地球把曾經(jīng)存在于大氣層中的有害氣體溶解在海洋里。allowsbtodo允許某人做某事allowdoing準(zhǔn)許做某事①Wedon’tallowanybodytosmokeinourbedroom.=Wedon’tallowsmokinginourbedroom.我們不允許（任何人）在我們寢室抽煙。②Herparentswon’tallowherCoutmorethan11:00intheevening.AstayBwillstayCtostayDstayingpermitsbtodo=permitdoing允許（某人）干advisesbtodo=advisedoing建議（某人）干forbidsbtodo=forbiddoing禁止（某人）干3、Theyproducedyounggenerallybylayingeggs.它們一般是通過孵蛋來繁衍后代的。bydoingsth=bymeansofdoingsth用于說明做某事的手段、方法。①Wehavenochoicebuttomakealivingbyworkinghardeveryday.=Wehavenochoicebuttomakealivingbymeansofworkinghardeveryday.我們別無選擇，只有靠每天拼命工作來謀生。②Idon’tthinkshecanhelphimbyjustgivinghimmoney.我認(rèn)為光靠給錢，她是幫不了他的。相關(guān)鏈接：bythismeans靠這種方法bythesemeans靠這些方法4、Theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,whichpreventheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace.它們把過多的二氧化碳釋放到大氣層中，這使得地球上的熱不能釋放到太空中去。prevent...（from）doing=stop...（from）doing=keep...fromdoing這三個短語都有“阻止某人做某事”的意思，但要注意介詞from的省略用法。keep...fromdoing不能省略介詞from，因為keepsbdoingsth的意思是“讓某人連續(xù)（持續(xù)）做某事”。①Theheavyraincouldn’tBChimgoingthere.（多項選擇）AkeepBstopCpreventDprotect②I’msorryIhaveCyouwaitingforsolongtime.（單項選擇）AstoppedBpreventedCkeptDmade5、Whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.在未來的數(shù)百萬年中，生命能否在地球上延續(xù)取決于這個問題能否解決。dependon取決于；決定于①—Willyougoswimmingthisafternoon—Well.ItallAD.（哪兩個答案不對）AdependsonBdependsCdependsontheweatherDdependstheweather②我們年齡夠大了，要靠我們自己。Weareoldenoughtodependonourselves.6、Icheeredupimmediatelyfloatedweightlesslyaroundinourspaceshipcabinwatchingtheearthbecomesmallerandthemoonlarger.我立刻感到很高興，由于失重我在太空艙里飄來飄去，我望著（身后）地球越來越小，而月球在逐漸變大。cheerup歡呼；喝彩；高興watchsbdosth觀看某人做某事（強調(diào)全過程或經(jīng)常性動作）watchsbdoingsth觀看某人正在做某事①Wecheeredupwhenwesawourwomen’svolleyballteamwinthefinalgame.當(dāng)我們看到中國女排最終贏得決賽時高興得不得了（歡呼雀躍）。②Everydayastheywatchedtheplantgrow,theirheartswerefilledwithhope.他們每天都在觀察這棵植物的生長，心里充滿了希望。（表示經(jīng)常與全過程）③Thelittlegirlcouldn’thelpjumpingwhenshesawhermothercoming.當(dāng)女孩看到她媽媽到來時，禁不住跳了起來。（正在進行）相關(guān)鏈接hearsbdosth聽見某人做某事hearsbdoingsth聽見某人正在做某事seesbdosth看見某人做某事seesbdoingsth看見某人正在做某事noticesbdosth注意到某人做某事noticesbdoingsth注意到某人正在做某事listentosbdosth聽見某人做某事listentosbdoingsth聽見某人正在做某事lookatsbdosth看到某人做某事lookatsbdoingsth看到某人正在做某事7、“Oh,dear,”Icried,“walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenowthatgravityhaschanged.”“天哪，”我大聲地說，“重力改變了，看來走路也的確需要練一練了?！眓ow（that）既然；由于=since/becauseofthefactthat①Now（that）everybodyishere,let’sbeginourmeeting.既然大家都到了，我們開會吧。②Now（that）you’vegrownup,youcandecideityourself.既然你已經(jīng)長大了，可以自己決定（它）了。語法：主語從句（Nounclausesasthesubject）主語從句的特點是：整個句子作主語。①Whatyousaidisquiteright.②Whentheywillarrivehereisunknown.但是，如果主語從句太長，可以用it作形式主語而主語從句后移。③Thatourmonitoroftenhelpsanoldladyeveryafternoonistrue.=Itistruethatourmonitoroftenhelpsanoldladyeveryafternoon.重點詞匯1、harmful有害的harmvt.&n.有害；害處doharmtosb對某人有害Smokingisharmfultoourhealth.=Smokingharmsourhealth.=Smokingdoesharmtoourhealth.抽煙對我們的身體有害。2、developvt.&n.發(fā)展；開發(fā)；沖洗（底片）developedadj.發(fā)達(dá)的developingadj.發(fā)展中的①Hebelievesthatsportscandevelopmindandbody.他相信運動有益于身心發(fā)展。②Inmyopinion,developedcountriesoughttohelpdevelopingcountries.我認(rèn)為，發(fā)達(dá)國家應(yīng)該幫助發(fā)展中國家。③Withthedevelopmentofagriculturalandindustry,welivebetterandbetter.隨著工農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展，我們的生活越來越好。3、presencen.出席；當(dāng)場presentadj.出席；當(dāng)場；禮物；贈送（讀音有別）①IattendedthediscussionbutIdidn’tnoticeherpresence.我參加了討論會，但沒有看到她。②Allthepeoplepresentagreedtoourplan.（作形容詞時放在被修飾的詞后面）所有當(dāng)場的人都同意我們的計劃。③Almosteverybodywhowaspresentatyesterday’smeetinggotapresent.差不多所有參加昨天會議的人都得到了一份禮物。4、disappointvt.使失望disappointmentn.失望disappointedadj.失望的disappointingadj.令人失望的①Toourgreatdisappointment,ourfootballteamfailedagain.使我們特別失望的是，我們的足球隊又輸了。②Thisnewswasdisappointingandwewereverydisappointed.這個消息令人失望，我們（感到）失望極了。=Thisnewsdiddisappointallofus.這個消息的確使我們大失所望。5、forcen.力量；暴力vt.強制；逼迫forcesbtodosth強迫某人做某事byforce靠武力；強迫airforce空軍①Theyforcedhimtosignthepaper.=Theymadehimsignthepaperbyforce.他們強迫他在文件上簽字。②Shewasforcedoutoftheracebyakneeinjury.由于膝蓋受傷，她被迫離開比賽。Unit5Canada—“ThetrueNorth”1、Ratherthantaketheaeroplanealltheway,theydecidedtoflyfromChinatoVancouverandtotakethetrainfromwesttoeastacrossCanadainSeptember.她們不想一路乘飛機，她們決定九月從中國飛到溫哥華，再從西海岸乘火車橫穿加拿大到達(dá)東海岸。ratherthanprep.而不是（=insteadof）①Ithoughtwecouldgotothecinemathiseveningratherthanstayathome.=Ithoughtwecouldgotothecinemathiseveninginsteadofstayingathome.我認(rèn)為今晚我們可以看電影而不是呆在家里。②Hewasbusywritingaletterratherthanreadinganewspaper.他在忙著寫信而不是看報紙。相關(guān)鏈接：①woulddo...ratherthando...寧愿干??而不干??=wouldratherdo...thando...Iwouldgotoseeafilmratherthanstayathome.=Iwouldrathergotoseeafilmthanstayathome.我寧愿去看一場電影也不呆在家里。②prefertodo...ratherthan（to）do...寧愿干??而不干??Iprefertogothemovieratherthan（to）stayathome.請比較以上句子，它們意思一樣，但搭配不同。2、Itisthesecondbiggestcountryintheworldandasyougoeastward,youwillseemountains,andpassthousandsoflakes,forestsandwideriversaswellaslargecities.它是世界上第二大國家，一路向東行，你們會經(jīng)過一座座山脈、上千個湖泊、森林、還有寬闊的河流和許多大城市。aswell也；另外也（位于句末）aswellas也；（除??之外）還有；與??一樣好（位于句中）①Hesentmealetterandsomemoneyaswell.他寄給我一封信，外加一些錢。②HespeaksSpanishaswellasEnglishandFrench.他不但會講英語和法語，還會講西班牙語。③Mr.Smith,aswellashischildrenhascometoChina.(謂語依前不依后)史密斯先生及其孩子已經(jīng)來到中國。④HespeaksChineseaswellasweChinese.他講中文和我們中國人講的一樣好。3、Thatafternooninthetrainthecousinssettleddownintheirseats.那天下午姐妹倆才在火車上落了座。settledown安穩(wěn)坐下；使某人安定下來；定居下來①Theteachertriedtosettlethestudentsdown.那位老師想使學(xué)生安靜下來。②Hesettleddowninhishometown.他在故鄉(xiāng)安頓下來。相關(guān)鏈接：settlevt.商定；決定；解決；定居①Let’ssettlethedateofthenextmeeting.（商定日期）②Hesettledtobuyacar.（決定）③Thequestionhasn’tbeensettledyet.（解決）④TheygotmarriedandsettledinCanada.（定居）4、Manyofthemhaveagiftforworkingwithanimalsandtheycanwinthousandsofdollarsinprizes.他們中許多人都有與獸共舞的才能，他們能贏得幾千美元的獎金。haveagiftforsthorfordoingsth在某方面有天賦（天分）①Thegirlhasagiftformusicandshewillbecomewell-knownsoonerorlater.這女孩有音樂天賦,遲早會出名的。②Hehasagiftforlearninglanguages.他有學(xué)語言的天賦。5、Theywentthroughawheat-growingprovinceandsawfarmsthatwerethousandsofsquarekilometersinsize.火車穿過一個種植小麥的省份，她們看到了面積有數(shù)千平方公里的農(nóng)場。insize（尺寸）大小上；面積上相關(guān)鏈接：inlength長度上inheight高度上inwidth寬度上incolour顏色上①Thesetworoomsarequitedifferentinsize.這兩個房間大小完全不一樣。②Thisbridgeisthreehundredmetersinlength.=Thisbridgeisthreehundredmeterslong.這座橋有三百米長。③Youlookpaleincolourtoday,why你今天氣色不太好，什么原因④Thisstreetisaswideasthatone.=Thisstreetisthesameasthatoneinwidth.這座橋與那座橋一樣寬。6、Inthedistance,theycouldseemistycloudthatrosefromthegreatNiagaraFalls,whichisonthesouthsideofthelake.遠(yuǎn)處，她們可以看到在湖的南邊尼亞加拉大瀑布上方升騰著的霧霜。inthedistance在遠(yuǎn)方；atadistance隔一段距離（空間，時間）①Isawsomesmokeinthedistance.我看到遠(yuǎn)處有些煙。②Hewasrunningafterme,atadistanceofabou