語義場策略在詞匯教學(xué)中的運(yùn)用課件

《語義場策略在詞匯教學(xué)中的運(yùn)用---以Unit1Book3詞匯教學(xué)為例》浙江省遂昌中學(xué)彭素飛《語義場策略在詞匯教學(xué)中的運(yùn)用---以Unit1Book1、語義場的含義

語義場理論(TheTheoryofSemanticfields)由德國學(xué)者特雷爾(J.Trier)20世紀(jì)30年代提出。所謂語義場，指的是一個核心概念與其相關(guān)的具有共同語義特征的若干個詞，集合在一起，組成一個語義場,又叫詞匯場,是一個系統(tǒng)，它把相互關(guān)聯(lián)的詞匯和短語組織起來，顯示其間的相互關(guān)系，意義相關(guān)的W1、W2、W3……，構(gòu)成一個集合，稱為詞匯場，詞匯場F1、F2、F3……的集合構(gòu)成某一語言的詞匯總和V(vocabulary)。例如：在color這個核心概念下,yellow,purple,orange,pink等詞共同構(gòu)成一個語義場。在fruit這個核心概念下，appleorangepearlemonstrawberrygrapecoconutolivemango等詞共同構(gòu)成一個語義場。1、語義場的含義語義場理論(TheTheoryo2.語義場的分類中國學(xué)者賈彥德參照C.Leech在其《語義學(xué)》一中的描述，劃分了七種類型。1)分類義場2)順序義場3)關(guān)系義場4)反義義場5)兩極義場6)部分否定義場7)同義義場2.語義場的分類中國學(xué)者賈彥德參照C.Leech在其《語義學(xué)分類義場。這一分類包括了同類事物（現(xiàn)象，性質(zhì)，運(yùn)動，行為….）的各種對象。二元分類：如水田，旱田；自轉(zhuǎn)，公轉(zhuǎn)等；多元分類：如赤、橙、黃、綠、青、藍(lán)、紫；等。分類語義場可以是多層次的，大類之下可劃分出小類，小類之下又可分出更小的分支，動物可以分成禽獸和人，而禽獸下面又劃分出鳥、魚、昆蟲，哺乳動物；哺乳動物下又分出豬，狗、馬牛，狼….等等，而狗的下面又劃分成各種狗。

分類義場。這一分類包括了同類事物（現(xiàn)象，性質(zhì)，運(yùn)動，行為….animaldogsheepwolftigereweramlambanimaldogsheepwolftigereweraml順序義場。如January,February,March...Sunday，Monday,Tuesday,…舉凡數(shù)目，時序關(guān)系，軍銜，學(xué)位，考核名次等詞語都屬于這類語義場。順序義場。如January,February,March關(guān)系義場。關(guān)系義場的義位反映人與人，人與事物及事物及事物之間的關(guān)系。如二元的：teacher-student；exit，entrance；多元的：敵軍-友軍-我軍；哥哥-姐姐-弟弟-妹妹。關(guān)系義場。關(guān)系義場的義位反映人與人，人與事物及事物及事物之間反義義場。這通常包括意義剛好相反的詞語。如war-peace；construction-destruction反義義場。這通常包括意義剛好相反的詞語。如war-peace兩極義場。同反義義場相同，兩極義場都是二元的，意義上彼此相反。但兩個義位之間有過渡地帶。如“大”與“小”，rich與poor形成兩極，但“不大不小”及neitherrichnorpoor（不富也不窮）也有意義。兩極義場。同反義義場相同，兩極義場都是二元的，意義上彼此相反部分否定義場。所謂部分否定義場是不完全相反的否定，如inevitability（必然性）與possibility（可能性）,全體與部分兩組詞中二者在意義上不完全相反，多元部分否定的例子如hot,warm,cool,cold，進(jìn)攻-防御-退卻等等。部分否定義場。所謂部分否定義場是不完全相反的否定，如inev同義義場:兩個概念意義（conceptualmeaning）相同，但附加意義(內(nèi)涵意義，風(fēng)格意義，感性意義，聯(lián)想意義，搭配意義及主題意義）不同的義位構(gòu)成的義場。如《同義詞詞林》一書中關(guān)于“死”就有一百多種表達(dá)式。英語Roget’sInternationalThesaurass一書中表示死的同義場中也有百多種同義表達(dá)式。再如英語中模仿各種走獸，飛禽、昆蟲、爬蟲的鳴叫聲的擬聲詞也多得不可勝數(shù)，所以Franl.c.Flower說我們生活在不同動物鳴叫聲的“世界”里，語義學(xué)家A.Lehrer恰好說過一種語言的全部象聲詞也形成一個語義場。同義義場:兩個概念意義（conceptualmeanin語義場理論在詞匯教學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)中運(yùn)用的

主要策略1.大腦風(fēng)暴2.建立語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)3.建立概念圖語義場理論在詞匯教學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)中運(yùn)用的

主要策略1.大腦風(fēng)暴大腦風(fēng)暴大腦風(fēng)暴建立語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)建立語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)建立概念圖建立概念圖Unit1Book3詞匯教學(xué)Unit1Book3詞匯教學(xué)單詞表單詞表重點(diǎn)詞匯和短語（11+13）

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celebrationtheherdboytheweavinggirl(weavewovewoven)theGoddessofHeaventheMilkywaymagpieastoryofsadnessexchangegiftshavecandledinnerrose/card/chocolate/candylovering/watch/tie/lovebandcoffeeshop/turnup/rosebudholdhisbreath/keepherworddrownhissadnessinwine/apologize/smile/hugValentine’sDayDoubleSeventh輸出練習(xí):1.Readthepassage“BeingWithYourMother未能如愿的約會”

(摘自《海外英語》）2.Supposeyouweretheauthor,thewifeandthemother,retellthestoryinyourownwords,usingasmanynewwordsandphrasesaspossibleinthisunit.輸出練習(xí):1.ReadthepassageBeingWithYourMother

未能如愿的約會After21yearsofmarriage,mywifewantedmetotakeanotherwomanouttodinnerandamoviethisValentine’sDay.

Shesaid,“Iloveyou,butIknowthisotherwomanlovesyouandwouldLovetospendsometimewithyou.”

TheotherwomanthatmywifewantedmetovisitwasmyMother,whohasbeenawidow(寡婦）for19years,butthedemandsofmyworkandmythreechildrenhadmadeitpossibletovisitheronlyoccasionally.

ThatnightIcalledtoinvitehertogooutfordinnerandamovie.

"What'swrong,areyouwell?"sheasked.

Mymotheristhetypeofwomanwhosuspectsthatalatenightcallorasurpriseinvitationisasignofbadnews.BeingWithYourMother

未能如愿的約"Ithoughtthatitwouldbepleasanttospendsometimewithyou,"Iresponded."Justthetwoofus."

Shethoughtaboutitforamomentandthensaid,"Iwouldlikethatverymuch.“Shewaitedinthedoorwithhercoaton.Shehadcurledherhairandwaswearingthedressthatshehadworntocelebrateherlastweddinganniversary.Shesmiledfromafacethatwasasradiantasanangel's.

"ItoldmyfriendsthatIwasgoingtogooutwithmysonandtheywereimpressed,"shesaid,asshegotintothecar."Theycan'twaittohearaboutourmeeting."

Wewenttoarestaurantthat,althoughnotelegant,wasveryniceandcozy.MymothertookmyarmasifsheweretheFirstLady."IthoughtthatitwouAfterwesatdown,Ihadtoreadthemenu.Hereyescouldonlyreadlargeprint.Half-waythroughtheentrees,IliftedmyeyesandsawMothersittingtherestaringatme.Anostalgicsmilewasonherlips.

"ItwasIwhousedtohavetoreadthemenuwhenyouweresmall,"shesaid.

"Thenit'stimethatyourelaxandletmereturnthefavor,"Iresponded.

Duringthedinner,wehadanagreeableconversationnothingextraordinarybutcatchinguponrecenteventsofeachother'slife.Wetalkedsomuchthatwemissedthemovie.

Aswearrivedatherhouselater,shesaid,"I'llgooutwithyouagain,butonlyifyouletmeinviteyou."

Iagreed.Afterwesatdown,Ih“Howwasyourdinnerdate?”askedmywifewhenIgothome.

“Verynice,muchmoresothanIcouldhaveimagined,”Ianswered.

Afewdayslater,mymotherdiedofamassiveheartattack.IthappenedsosuddenlythatIdidn‘thaveachancetodoanythingforher.

Sometimelater,Ireceivedanenvelopewithacopyofarestaurantreceipt（發(fā)票）fromthesameplaceMotherandIhaddined.Anattachednotesaid:"Ipaidthisbillinadvance.Iwasn'tsurethatIcouldbethere;but,nevertheless,Ipaidfortwoplates-oneforyouandtheotherforyourwife.Youwillneverknowwhatthatnightmeantforme.Iloveyou,son."“HowwasyourdinnerdAtthatmoment,Iunderstoodtheimportanceofsayingintime:'IloveYOU'andtogiveourlovedonesthetimethattheydeserve.

Nothinginlifeismoreimportantthanyourfamily.Givethemthetimetheydeserve,becausethesethingscannotbeputofftillsome"other"time.Atthatmoment,IunderstoodtFromtheWife

Ihavebeenmarriedfor21yearsandIlovemyhusband,Hariverymuch.ButthisValentine’sDay,Igavehimthepermissiontodateanotherwoman,whowasactuallyhismother,forIknewshealsolovedhimandwouldlovetospendsometimewithhim.ThatFridayafterwork,myhusbandwentoutwithhismotherandIcouldn’twaittoknowmoreaboutthismeeting.Itseemedtheyhadgreatfunwitheachotherandevenmadeanotherdate.ButMotherdiedseveraldayslater.Whenweweredrowningourselvesinthesadness,aletterfromMothercame,tellinguswhatthatnightmeanttoher.Iwassoglad.Wecangaingreatawardifspendalittletimewithourfamily.FromtheWifeIhavebeenFromtheauthor

ThisValentine’sDay,mywife,Carlaaskedmetotakemymotherouttodinnerandamovie.ThatnightIdidgiveMotheracallandsheacceptedit,thoughalittlesurprised.ThatFridayafterwork,Isetofftopickmymotherup,whoobviouslyhaddressedup.Wewenttoaniceandcozyrestaurant.MymothertookmyarmasthoughsheweretheFirstLady.ThedatewassogoodthatMotherevensuggestedasecondone.Butshe