橋梁人工挖孔樁安全專項施工案

貴州省正習(xí)高速公路第五/r/n合同/r/n段/r/n/r/n/r/n橋/r/n梁/r/n人工挖孔樁專項施工方案/r/n/r/n0/r/n第一章/r/n工程簡介/r/n一、工程概況/r/n貴州省德江至習(xí)水高速公路正安至習(xí)水段第五合同段，/r/n位于貴州省遵義市桐梓縣水壩塘鎮(zhèn)/r/n境內(nèi)，合同段起訖樁號為：/r/nK42+120-K47/r/n+840，路線全長5.72KM。共有特大橋1/1182.6座/m，中大橋5/1888.9座/m，涵洞24/335.16座/m，互通立交3處，天橋0座/m；隧道1/1059座/m。我工區(qū)/r/n承建施工的段落起、止點(diǎn)里程/r/n樁號/r/n為/r/nYK42+120-YK45+280/r/n，路線全長3.16/r/nkm,其中/r/n有橋梁工程/r/n3/r/n座，共有樁基/r/n192根。/r/n二、水文地質(zhì)/r/n本合同段/r/n項目區(qū)屬長江流域-綦江水系-羊磴河支流，地下水類型為第四系松散土層空隙裂隙水、基巖（粉砂質(zhì)泥巖）風(fēng)化層裂隙水及巖溶裂隙水。地下水靠大氣降水補(bǔ)給，降水大部分以坡面流形式向場區(qū)標(biāo)高較低處排出，一部分下滲形成地下水沿巖體節(jié)理裂隙及巖層層面向地勢較低洼排泄。地下水受季節(jié)影響大，雨季基巖裂隙水及巖溶裂隙水較豐富，水量較大；枯水期補(bǔ)給差，水量相對較小。根據(jù)岸坡上鉆孔水位測量，孔內(nèi)未見穩(wěn)定地下水位，地下水埋藏較深。/r/n項目區(qū)覆蓋層為殘坡積層（Qel+dl）含碎石粉質(zhì)粘土、堆積體（Qc）塊石土，下伏基巖為志留系下統(tǒng)龍馬溪組(S1l)粉砂質(zhì)泥巖夾泥巖，層間夾透鏡狀灰?guī)r。/r/n根據(jù)區(qū)域水文地質(zhì)資料及水樣測試分析，場區(qū)水質(zhì)類型為[C]CaI型，為碳酸鹽鈣質(zhì)水，對混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)具有硫酸鹽，鎂鹽、氯鹽和侵蝕性CO/r/n2/r/n的微腐蝕性。/r/n項目區(qū)/r/n氣候?qū)賮啛釒Ъ撅L(fēng)濕潤氣候區(qū)，溫涼雨豐/r/n，/r/n四季不甚分明，水熱同季，雨量充沛，干、濕季明顯，無霜期長，春暖風(fēng)和，時有倒春寒，初夏多雨，盛夏多旱，熱而不酷，秋溫陡降有綿雨、/r/n“/r/n秋風(fēng)/r/n”/r/n，冬無嚴(yán)寒，多云寡照，偶有凝凍，垂直地域分布差異大，立體氣候顯著。/r/n年平均氣溫16.2/r/n℃/r/n，極低氣溫-7.1/r/n℃/r/n，低端最高氣溫38.7/r/n℃/r/n；年平均降水量1071.8mm，年最大降雨量1814.3mm，年最小降雨量995.6mm，多年最大日降雨量149.4mm，平均相對濕度80%，區(qū)內(nèi)多為東風(fēng)，平均風(fēng)速1.1m/s,年平均日照時數(shù)1077.8，年無霜期平均295天。/r/n三、主要技術(shù)指標(biāo)/r/n設(shè)計荷載：公司-I級/r/n設(shè)計速度：80km/h/r/n汽車荷載等級：公路-I級/r/n設(shè)計洪水頻率：1/100/r/n設(shè)計停車視距：110m/r/n地震動峰值加速度：0.05g/r/n四、/r/n周邊壞境及交通狀況/r/n本橋梁段/r/n位于貴州省遵義市桐梓縣水壩塘鎮(zhèn)/r/n境內(nèi)/r/n，/r/n地處黔北高原北部，場地隸屬桐梓縣水壩塘鎮(zhèn)所轄，鄉(xiāng)村公路離樁位較遠(yuǎn)，交通較差。擬建服務(wù)區(qū)非對稱布置，左右幅服務(wù)區(qū)連接斜跨山間溝谷，場區(qū)地形起伏變化較大。左幅縱坡相對較陡，植被較發(fā)育，右幅大部分占用農(nóng)田，土質(zhì)條件較差。場區(qū)海拔562.0~792.0m，相對高差230m。地貌類型為侵蝕~溶蝕低山地貌/r/n。/r/n新房子大橋左幅起訖樁號：ZK43+777.5至終點(diǎn)樁號ZK44+187，全長409.5米；右幅起訖樁號YK43+775.5至終點(diǎn)樁號YK44+149，全長373.5米。/r/n水壩塘/r/nⅠ/r/n號大橋?yàn)檎鶚蚱鹩櫂短枺篕44+200.8~K44+665.2，中心里程K44+453，橋長464.4m/r/n。水壩塘/r/nII號大橋橋梁為整幅橋起訖樁號：K44+709~K45+281，中心里程K44+995，橋長572m。/r/n五、工程重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)/r/n1、人工挖孔是用人工自上而下逐層用鎬、鍬進(jìn)行，遣堅硬土層由錘、釬破粹，棄上裝入活底吊桶或籮筐內(nèi)，垂直運(yùn)輸。在孔口安裝支架，用/r/n

/r/n1~2t慢速卷揚(yáng)機(jī)提升，吊出地面后，再用其他運(yùn)輸工具運(yùn)出。這看似簡單的作業(yè)過程，充滿高危險性。/r/n2、孔底挖孔作業(yè)人員始終處在吊物下面作業(yè)，孔底空間有限，極易受到物體打擊；挖孔作業(yè)人員上下樁孔容易失穩(wěn)發(fā)生墜落。/r/n3、可遇到無地下水或地下水較少的粘土、粉質(zhì)粘土、含少量的砂、砂卵石、姜結(jié)石的粘土層、黃土層，也會遇到地下水位較高、涌水量大的沖擊地帶及近代沉積的含水量高的淤泥、淤泥質(zhì)土層。挖孔過程中有時會突然出現(xiàn)涌水和涌泥。隨著孔深的增加還會出現(xiàn)缺氧或嚴(yán)重缺氧，有時還會遇到致命的有毒有害氣體。/r/n4、施工機(jī)具簡單種類繁多，易造成傷害，樁孔深度超過5m，或孔內(nèi)空氣含氧量不足時要配鼓風(fēng)機(jī)、輸風(fēng)管，有地下水還應(yīng)配潛水泵及膠皮軟管等。/r/n根據(jù)/r/n本段/r/n橋梁工程/r/n的/r/n特點(diǎn)，結(jié)合我公司以往類似工程的相關(guān)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，確定/r/n樁基/r/n采用/r/n人工挖孔樁/r/n進(jìn)行施工。/r/n樁基/r/n數(shù)量/r/n詳見下/r/n表：/r/n新房子大橋樁基數(shù)量表/r/n分幅/r/n分部/r/n樁號/樁徑/r/n樁長(m)/r/n砼(C30)/r/n聲測管/r/n鋼筋/r/n數(shù)量m/r/n3/r/n數(shù)量kg/r/n數(shù)量kg/r/n左幅/r/n1#墩/r/n樁基1-1（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n31/r/n78.875/r/n513.2518/r/n5956.15/r/n樁基1-2（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n31/r/n78.875/r/n513.2518/r/n5956.15/r/n樁基1-3（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n31/r/n78.875/r/n513.2518/r/n5956.15/r/n樁基1-4（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n31/r/n78.875/r/n513.2518/r/n5956.15/r/n2#墩/r/n樁基2-1（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n26/r/n66.167/r/n433.3518/r/n5025.37/r/n樁基2-2（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n26/r/n66.167/r/n433.3518/r/n5025.37/r/n樁基2-3（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n26/r/n66.167/r/n433.3518/r/n5025.37/r/n3#墩/r/n樁基3-1（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n32/r/n81.429/r/n532.2622/r/n6165.43/r/n樁基3-2（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n32/r/n81.429/r/n532.2622/r/n6165.43/r/n樁基3-3（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n32/r/n81.429/r/n532.2622/r/n6165.43/r/n4#墩/r/n樁基4-1（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n25/r/n95.033/r/n417.3718/r/n6007.25/r/n樁基4-2（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n25/r/n95.033/r/n417.3718/r/n6007.25/r/n樁基4-3（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n25/r/n95.033/r/n417.3718/r/n6007.25/r/n5#墩/r/n樁基5-1（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n24/r/n91.233/r/n401.3918/r/n5794.00/r/n樁基5-2（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n24/r/n91.233/r/n401.3918/r/n5794.00/r/n樁基5-3（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n24/r/n91.233/r/n401.3918/r/n5794.00/r/n6#墩/r/n樁基6-1（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n24/r/n61.067/r/n401.3918/r/n4906.93/r/n樁基6-2（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n24/r/n61.067/r/n401.3918/r/n4906.93/r/n樁基6-3（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n24/r/n61.067/r/n401.3918/r/n4906.93/r/n樁基6-4（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n24/r/n61.067/r/n401.3918/r/n4906.93/r/n樁基6-5（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n24/r/n61.067/r/n401.3918/r/n4906.93/r/n樁基6-6（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n24/r/n61.067/r/n401.3918/r/n4906.93/r/n7#墩/r/n樁基7-1（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n30/r/n76.35/r/n497.2718/r/n4906.93/r/n樁基7-2（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n30/r/n76.35/r/n497.2718/r/n4906.93/r/n樁基7-3（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n30/r/n76.35/r/n497.2718/r/n4906.93/r/n樁基7-4（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n30/r/n76.35/r/n497.2718/r/n4906.93/r/n8#墩/r/n樁基8-1（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n23/r/n58.525/r/n382.3814/r/n4906.93/r/n樁基8-2（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n23/r/n58.525/r/n382.3814/r/n4906.93/r/n樁基8-3（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n23/r/n58.525/r/n382.3814/r/n4906.93/r/n樁基8-4（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n23/r/n58.525/r/n382.3814/r/n4906.93/r/n9#墩/r/n樁基9-1（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n18/r/n45.8/r/n302.4814/r/n3766.85/r/n樁基9-2（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n18/r/n45.8/r/n302.4814/r/n3766.85/r/n樁基9-3（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n18/r/n45.8/r/n302.4814/r/n3766.85/r/n樁基9-4（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n18/r/n45.8/r/n302.4814/r/n3766.85/r/n10#墩/r/n樁基10-1（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n20/r/n76.026/r/n334.4414/r/n4846.93/r/n樁基10-2（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n20/r/n76.026/r/n334.4414/r/n4846.93/r/n11#墩/r/n樁基10-2（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n20/r/n76.026/r/n334.4414/r/n4846.93/r/n樁基10-2（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n20/r/n76.026/r/n334.4414/r/n4846.93/r/n右幅/r/n0#臺/r/n樁基0-1（/r/nф/r/n1.2m）/r/n18/r/n20.347/r/n302.4814/r/n1702.23/r/n樁基0-2（/r/nф/r/n1.2m）/r/n18/r/n20.347/r/n302.4814/r/n1702.23/r/n樁基0-3（/r/nф/r/n1.2m）/r/n18/r/n20.347/r/n302.4814/r/n1702.23/r/n樁基0-4（/r/nф/r/n1.2m）/r/n18/r/n20.347/r/n302.4814/r/n1702.23/r/n1#墩/r/n樁基1-1（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n33/r/n83.95/r/n548.2422/r/n6336.20/r/n樁基1-2（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n33/r/n83.95/r/n548.2422/r/n6336.20/r/n2#墩/r/n樁基2-1（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n25/r/n63.6/r/n417.3718/r/n4816.10/r/n樁基2-2（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n25/r/n63.6/r/n417.3718/r/n4816.10/r/n3#墩/r/n樁基3-1（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n32/r/n81.429/r/n532.2622/r/n6165.43/r/n樁基3-2（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n32/r/n81.429/r/n532.2622/r/n6165.43/r/n樁基3-3（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n32/r/n81.429/r/n532.2622/r/n6165.43/r/n樁基3-4（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n32/r/n81.429/r/n532.2622/r/n6165.43/r/n4#墩/r/n樁基4-1（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n26/r/n98.84/r/n433.3518/r/n6267.50/r/n樁基4-2（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n26/r/n98.84/r/n433.3518/r/n6267.50/r/n樁基4-3（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n26/r/n98.84/r/n433.3518/r/n6267.50/r/n5#墩/r/n樁基5-1（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n25/r/n95.033/r/n417.3718/r/n6007.25/r/n樁基5-2（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n25/r/n95.033/r/n417.3718/r/n6007.25/r/n樁基5-3（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n25/r/n95.033/r/n417.3718/r/n6007.25/r/n6#墩/r/n樁基6-1（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n26/r/n66.167/r/n433.3518/r/n5171.93/r/n樁基6-2（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n26/r/n66.167/r/n433.3518/r/n5171.93/r/n樁基6-3（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n26/r/n66.167/r/n433.3518/r/n5171.93/r/n樁基6-4（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n26/r/n66.167/r/n433.3518/r/n5171.93/r/n樁基6-5（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n26/r/n66.167/r/n433.3518/r/n5171.93/r/n樁基6-6（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n26/r/n66.167/r/n433.3518/r/n5171.93/r/n7#墩/r/n樁基7-1（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n27/r/n68.7/r/n449.3318/r/n5457.72/r/n樁基7-2（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n27/r/n68.7/r/n449.3318/r/n5457.72/r/n樁基7-3（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n27/r/n68.7/r/n449.3318/r/n5457.72/r/n樁基7-4（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n27/r/n68.7/r/n449.3318/r/n5457.72/r/n樁基7-5（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n27/r/n68.7/r/n449.3318/r/n5457.72/r/n樁基7-6（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n27/r/n68.7/r/n449.3318/r/n5457.72/r/n8#墩/r/n樁基8-1（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n25/r/n63.617/r/n417.3718/r/n5077.68/r/n樁基8-2（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n25/r/n63.617/r/n417.3718/r/n5077.68/r/n樁基8-3（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n25/r/n63.617/r/n417.3718/r/n5077.68/r/n樁基8-4（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n25/r/n63.617/r/n417.3718/r/n5077.68/r/n樁基8-5（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n25/r/n63.617/r/n417.3718/r/n5077.68/r/n樁基8-6（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n25/r/n63.617/r/n417.3718/r/n5077.68/r/n9#墩/r/n樁基9-1（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n20/r/n50.9/r/n334.4414/r/n4146.83/r/n樁基9-2（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n20/r/n50.9/r/n334.4414/r/n4146.83/r/n樁基9-3（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n20/r/n50.9/r/n334.4414/r/n4146.83/r/n樁基9-4（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n20/r/n50.9/r/n334.4414/r/n4146.83/r/n樁基9-5（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n20/r/n50.9/r/n334.4414/r/n4146.83/r/n樁基9-6（/r/nф/r/n1.8m）/r/n20/r/n50.9/r/n334.4414/r/n4146.83/r/n10#墩/r/n樁基10-1（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n26/r/n98.84/r/n433.3518/r/n6267.50/r/n樁基10-2（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n26/r/n98.84/r/n433.3518/r/n6267.50/r/n11#墩/r/n樁基11-1（/r/nф/r/n1.5m）/r/n19/r/n33.583/r/n318.4614/r/n2660.03/r/n樁基11-2（/r/nф/r/n1.5m）/r/n19/r/n33.583/r/n318.4614/r/n2660.03/r/n水壩塘2號大橋樁基數(shù)量表/r/n分幅/r/n分部/r/n樁基/樁徑/r/n樁長(m)/r/n鋼筋/r/n砼(C30)/r/n聲測管/r/n數(shù)量kg/r/n數(shù)量m/r/n3/r/n數(shù)量kg/r/n左幅/r/n1#墩/r/n樁基1-1（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n20/r/n4842.90/r/n76.05/r/n334.4414/r/n樁基1-2（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n20/r/n4842.90/r/n76.05/r/n334.4414/r/n2#墩/r/n樁基2-1（/r/nф/r/n1.5m）/r/n20/r/n2794.65/r/n35.35/r/n334.4414/r/n樁基2-2（/r/nф/r/n1.5m）/r/n20/r/n2794.65/r/n35.35/r/n334.4414/r/n樁基2-3（/r/nф/r/n1.5m）/r/n20/r/n2794.65/r/n35.35/r/n334.4414/r/n樁基2-4（/r/nф/r/n1.5m）/r/n20/r/n2794.65/r/n35.35/r/n334.4414/r/n3#墩/r/n樁基3-1（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n21.5/r/n5160.80/r/n81.75/r/n358.4114/r/n樁基3-2（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n21.5/r/n5160.80/r/n81.75/r/n358.4114/r/n4#墩/r/n樁基4-1（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n25/r/n6003.20/r/n95.05/r/n417.3718/r/n樁基4-2（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n25/r/n6003.20/r/n95.05/r/n417.3718/r/n5#墩/r/n樁基5-1（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n22/r/n5316.10/r/n83.65/r/n366.4014/r/n樁基5-2（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n22/r/n5316.10/r/n83.65/r/n366.4014/r/n6#墩/r/n樁基6-1（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n21.5/r/n5160.80/r/n81.75/r/n358.4114/r/n樁基6-2（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n21.5/r/n5160.80/r/n81.75/r/n358.4114/r/n7#墩/r/n樁基7-1（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n22/r/n5316.40/r/n83.65/r/n366.4014/r/n樁基7-2（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n22/r/n5316.40/r/n83.65/r/n366.4014/r/n8#墩/r/n樁基8-1（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n21.5/r/n5160.80/r/n81.75/r/n358.4114/r/n樁基8-2（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n21.5/r/n5160.80/r/n81.75/r/n358.4114/r/n9#墩/r/n樁基9-1（/r/nф/r/n1.5m）/r/n18/r/n2538.95/r/n31.8/r/n302.4814/r/n樁基9-2（/r/nф/r/n1.5m）/r/n18/r/n2538.95/r/n31.8/r/n302.4814/r/n樁基9-3（/r/nф/r/n1.5m）/r/n18/r/n2538.95/r/n31.8/r/n302.4814/r/n樁基9-4（/r/nф/r/n1.5m）/r/n18/r/n2538.95/r/n31.8/r/n302.4814/r/n10#墩/r/n樁基10-1（/r/nф/r/n1.5m）/r/n20/r/n2794.65/r/n35.35/r/n334.4414/r/n樁基10-2（/r/nф/r/n1.5m）/r/n20/r/n2794.65/r/n35.35/r/n334.4414/r/n樁基10-3（/r/nф/r/n1.5m）/r/n20/r/n2794.65/r/n35.35/r/n334.4414/r/n樁基10-4（/r/nф/r/n1.5m）/r/n20/r/n2794.65/r/n35.35/r/n334.4414/r/n11#墩/r/n樁基11-1（/r/nф/r/n1.5m）/r/n22.5/r/n3096.08/r/n39.75/r/n374.3914/r/n樁基11-2（/r/nф/r/n1.5m）/r/n22.5/r/n3096.08/r/n39.75/r/n374.3914/r/n樁基11-3（/r/nф/r/n1.5m）/r/n22.5/r/n3096.08/r/n39.75/r/n374.3914/r/n樁基11-4（/r/nф/r/n1.5m）/r/n22.5/r/n3096.08/r/n39.75/r/n374.3914/r/n12#墩/r/n樁基12-1（/r/nф/r/n1.5m）/r/n20/r/n2794.65/r/n35.35/r/n334.4414/r/n樁基12-2（/r/nф/r/n1.5m）/r/n20/r/n2794.65/r/n35.35/r/n334.4414/r/n樁基12-3（/r/nф/r/n1.5m）/r/n20/r/n2794.65/r/n35.35/r/n334.4414/r/n樁基12-4（/r/nф/r/n1.5m）/r/n20/r/n2794.65/r/n35.35/r/n334.4414/r/n13#墩/r/n樁基13-1（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n21/r/n5056.20/r/n79.85/r/n350.4214/r/n樁基13-2（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n21/r/n5056.20/r/n79.85/r/n350.4214/r/n右幅/r/n1#墩/r/n樁基1-1（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n22/r/n5316.40/r/n83.65/r/n366.4014/r/n樁基1-2（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n22/r/n5316.40/r/n83.65/r/n366.4014/r/n2#墩/r/n樁基2-1（/r/nф/r/n1.5m）/r/n20/r/n2794.65/r/n35.35/r/n334.4414/r/n樁基2-2（/r/nф/r/n1.5m）/r/n20/r/n2794.65/r/n35.35/r/n334.4414/r/n樁基2-3（/r/nф/r/n1.5m）/r/n20/r/n2794.65/r/n35.35/r/n334.4414/r/n樁基2-4（/r/nф/r/n1.5m）/r/n20/r/n2794.65/r/n35.35/r/n334.4414/r/n3#墩/r/n樁基3-1（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n21/r/n5056.20/r/n79.85/r/n350.4214/r/n樁基3-2（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n21/r/n5056.20/r/n79.85/r/n350.4214/r/n4#墩/r/n樁基4-1（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n26/r/n5956.15/r/n98.78/r/n433.3518/r/n樁基4-2（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n26/r/n5956.15/r/n98.78/r/n433.3518/r/n5#墩/r/n樁基5-1（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n22/r/n5316.40/r/n83.65/r/n366.4014/r/n樁基5-2（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n22/r/n5316.40/r/n83.65/r/n366.4014/r/n6#墩/r/n樁基6-1（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n21.5/r/n5789.95/r/n91.25/r/n358.4114/r/n樁基6-2（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n21.5/r/n5789.95/r/n91.25/r/n358.4114/r/n7#墩/r/n樁基7-1（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n23.5/r/n5634.30/r/n89.35/r/n393.4018/r/n樁基7-2（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n23.5/r/n5634.30/r/n89.35/r/n393.4018/r/n8#墩/r/n樁基8-1（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n23.5/r/n5634.30/r/n89.35/r/n393.4018/r/n樁基8-2（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n23.5/r/n5634.30/r/n89.35/r/n393.4018/r/n9#墩/r/n樁基9-1（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n18.5/r/n4474.05/r/n70.3/r/n310.4714/r/n樁基9-2（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n18.5/r/n4474.05/r/n70.3/r/n310.4714/r/n10#墩/r/n樁基10-1（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n20/r/n4842.90/r/n76.05/r/n334.4414/r/n樁基10-2（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n20/r/n4842.90/r/n76.05/r/n334.4414/r/n11#墩/r/n樁基11-1（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n25/r/n6003.20/r/n95.05/r/n417.3718/r/n樁基11-2（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n25/r/n6003.20/r/n95.05/r/n417.3718/r/n12#墩/r/n樁基11-1（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n21/r/n5056.20/r/n79.85/r/n350.4214/r/n樁基11-2（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n21/r/n5056.20/r/n79.85/r/n350.4214/r/n13#墩/r/n樁基12-1（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n23/r/n5529.65/r/n87.45/r/n382.3814/r/n樁基12-2（/r/nф/r/n2.2m）/r/n23/r/n5529.65/r/n87.45/r/n382.3814/r/n水壩塘1號橋樁基數(shù)量表/r/n樁號/r/n樁徑m/r/n樁長/r/n砼C30m/r/n3/r/n砼C35m/r/n3/r/n聲測管kg/r/n鋼筋kg/r/n左幅1號墩-1/r/n2.2/r/n30/r/n114.04/r/n9.02682/r/n6857.3/r/n左幅1號墩-2/r/n2.2/r/n30/r/n114.04/r/n9.02682/r/n6857.3/r/n左幅2號墩-1/r/n2.2/r/n30/r/n114.04/r/n9.02682/r/n6857.3/r/n左幅2號墩-2/r/n2.2/r/n30/r/n114.04/r/n9.02682/r/n6857.3/r/n左幅3號墩-1/r/n2/r/n30/r/n94.32/r/n9.02682/r/n8264.1/r/n左幅3號墩-2/r/n2/r/n30/r/n94.32/r/n9.02682/r/n8264.1/r/n左幅3號墩-3/r/n2/r/n30/r/n94.32/r/n9.02682/r/n8264.1/r/n左幅3號墩-4/r/n2/r/n30/r/n94.32/r/n9.02682/r/n8264.1/r/n左幅4號墩-1/r/n3/r/n38/r/n268.64/r/n4403.654852/r/n24040.3/r/n左幅4號墩-2/r/n3/r/n38/r/n268.64/r/n4403.654852/r/n24040.3/r/n左幅4號墩-3/r/n3/r/n38/r/n268.64/r/n4403.654852/r/n24040.3/r/n左幅4號墩-4/r/n3/r/n38/r/n268.64/r/n4403.654852/r/n24040.3/r/n左幅5號墩-1/r/n3/r/n42/r/n296.92/r/n4866.281716/r/n26481.9/r/n左幅5號墩-2/r/n3/r/n42/r/n296.92/r/n4866.281716/r/n26481.9/r/n左幅5號墩-3/r/n3/r/n42/r/n296.92/r/n4866.281716/r/n26481.9/r/n左幅5號墩-4/r/n3/r/n42/r/n296.92/r/n4866.281716/r/n26481.9/r/n左幅6號墩-1/r/n2/r/n30/r/n94.32/r/n9.02682/r/n8264.1/r/n左幅6號墩-2/r/n2/r/n30/r/n94.32/r/n9.02682/r/n8264.1/r/n左幅6號墩-3/r/n2/r/n30/r/n94.32/r/n9.02682/r/n8264.1/r/n左幅6號墩-4/r/n2/r/n30/r/n94.32/r/n9.02682/r/n8264.1/r/n左幅7號墩-1/r/n2.2/r/n30/r/n114.04/r/n9.02682/r/n6857.3/r/n左幅7號墩-2/r/n2.2/r/n30/r/n114.04/r/n9.02682/r/n6857.3/r/n右幅1號墩-1/r/n2.2/r/n30/r/n114.04/r/n9.02682/r/n6857.3/r/n右幅1號墩-2/r/n2.2/r/n30/r/n114.04/r/n9.02682/r/n6857.3/r/n右幅2號墩-1/r/n2.2/r/n30/r/n114.04/r/n9.02682/r/n6857.3/r/n右幅2號墩-2/r/n2.2/r/n30/r/n114.04/r/n9.02682/r/n6857.3/r/n右幅3號墩-1/r/n2/r/n30/r/n94.32/r/n9.02682/r/n8264.1/r/n右幅3號墩-2/r/n2/r/n30/r/n94.32/r/n9.02682/r/n8264.1/r/n右幅3號墩-3/r/n2/r/n30/r/n94.32/r/n9.02682/r/n8264.1/r/n右幅3號墩-4/r/n2/r/n30/r/n94.32/r/n9.02682/r/n8264.1/r/n右幅4號墩-1/r/n3/r/n38/r/n268.64/r/n4403.654852/r/n24040.3/r/n右幅4號墩-2/r/n3/r/n38/r/n268.64/r/n4403.654852/r/n24040.3/r/n右幅4號墩-3/r/n3/r/n38/r/n268.64/r/n4403.654852/r/n24040.3/r/n右幅4號墩-4/r/n3/r/n38/r/n268.64/r/n4403.654852/r/n24040.3/r/n右幅5號墩-1/r/n3/r/n42/r/n296.92/r/n4866.281716/r/n26481.9/r/n右幅5號墩-2/r/n3/r/n42/r/n296.92/r/n4866.281716/r/n26481.9/r/n右幅5號墩-3/r/n3/r/n42/r/n296.92/r/n4866.281716/r/n26481.9/r/n右幅5號墩-4/r/n3/r/n42/r/n296.92/r/n4866.281716/r/n26481.9/r/n右幅6號墩-1/r/n2/r/n30/r/n94.32/r/n9.02682/r/n8264.1/r/n右幅6號墩-2/r/n2/r/n30/r/n94.32/r/n9.02682/r/n8264.1/r/n右幅6號墩-3/r/n2/r/n30/r/n94.32/r/n9.02682/r/n8264.1/r/n右幅6號墩-4/r/n2/r/n30/r/n94.32/r/n9.02682/r/n8264.1/r/n右幅7號墩-1/r/n2.2/r/n30/r/n114.04/r/n9.02682/r/n6857.3/r/n右幅7號墩-2/r/n2.2/r/n30/r/n114.04/r/n9.02682/r/n6857.3/r/n六、施工對策/r/n/r/n/r/n1、利用先進(jìn)的測量儀器對橋梁各樁基控制點(diǎn)進(jìn)行精密測控，確保結(jié)構(gòu)物的幾何、線型滿足設(shè)計要求。/r/n2、加強(qiáng)全員安全防護(hù)工作教育，提高職民工的安全防護(hù)意識，隨著墩柱的升高，上下墩柱采用安全塔梯，塔梯安裝隨著墩柱施工進(jìn)度，逐步加高，塔梯四周設(shè)置安全防護(hù)網(wǎng)并設(shè)置醒目的標(biāo)識標(biāo)牌，提醒作業(yè)人員注意施工安全。/r/n七、/r/n施工要求及技術(shù)保證條件/r/n/r/n1、/r/n本工程開工前，由項目總工組織全體技術(shù)人員，包括測量、質(zhì)檢、試驗(yàn)、物資及相關(guān)人員，熟悉施工圖紙，了解施工內(nèi)容。由工程技術(shù)部負(fù)責(zé)人向施工隊技術(shù)人員進(jìn)行技術(shù)交底。組織技術(shù)培訓(xùn)會，使操作工人對結(jié)構(gòu)型式等熟悉掌握，做到心中有數(shù)，使工人充分了解施工工藝，做到施工中忙而不亂，保證現(xiàn)場施工在受控、有序進(jìn)行。提前對施工機(jī)械、人員、材料等進(jìn)行籌劃。/r/n2/r/n、由項目技術(shù)負(fù)責(zé)人組織有關(guān)人員認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)和研究圖紙，并進(jìn)行自審、會審等工作，以便熟練、準(zhǔn)確地施工。/r/n3/r/n、通過學(xué)習(xí)，熟悉圖紙內(nèi)容，了解設(shè)計上要求施工達(dá)到的技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，明確工藝流程。/r/n4/r/n、進(jìn)行自審，組織施工管理人員對有關(guān)圖紙進(jìn)行審查，掌握和了解圖紙中的細(xì)節(jié)。/r/n5/r/n、組織各施工班組共同學(xué)習(xí)施工圖紙，商定施工配合事宜。/r/n6/r/n、組織圖紙會審，由設(shè)計方進(jìn)行交底，理解設(shè)計意圖及施工質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，準(zhǔn)確掌握設(shè)計要求。/r/n第二章/r/n編制/r/n說明/r/n一、/r/n編制范圍、目的/r/n本施工技術(shù)方案編制范圍為/r/nYK42+120-YK45+280/r/n段內(nèi)橋梁/r/n樁基/r/n的施工，/r/n本著/r/n“/r/n安全第一，合理優(yōu)化/r/n”/r/n的原則，根據(jù)設(shè)計圖紙、工程勘察資料和施工規(guī)范的要求，結(jié)合/r/n樁基/r/n工程的特點(diǎn)、規(guī)模和現(xiàn)場實(shí)際情況，就施工安全、質(zhì)量管理和現(xiàn)場施工組織制定切實(shí)可行的施工方案，為工程提供實(shí)施性的技術(shù)文件，指導(dǎo)現(xiàn)場施工組織與管理，從而確保安全、優(yōu)質(zhì)地完成南沙紅河特大橋工程的施工任務(wù)，最終實(shí)現(xiàn)工程目標(biāo)。/r/n二、/r/n編織依據(jù)/r/n（/r/n1/r/n）/r/n《/r/n貴州省德江/r/n至/r/n習(xí)水/r/n高速公路（/r/n正安至習(xí)水段/r/n）/r/n建設(shè)項目工程招標(biāo)文件》；/r/n（/r/n2/r/n）/r/n《/r/n貴州省德江/r/n至/r/n習(xí)水/r/n高速公路（/r/n正安至習(xí)水段/r/n）工程兩階段施工圖設(shè)計》；/r/n（/r/n3/r/n）/r/n《公路工程技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》（JTGB01-2003）/r/n（4）/r/n《公路橋涵施工技術(shù)規(guī)范》（JTG/TF50-2011）/r/n/r/n（/r/n5/r/n）/r/n《公路橋涵施工技術(shù)規(guī)范》（JTG/TF50-2011）/r/n/r/n（/r/n6/r/n）/r/n《公路鋼筋混凝土及預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土橋涵設(shè)計規(guī)范》（JTG/D62-2012）/r/n（/r/n7/r/n）/r/n《公路橋涵通用規(guī)范》（JTGD60-2004）/r/n/r/n（/r/n8/r/n）/r/n《公路鋼筋混凝土及預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土設(shè)計規(guī)范》（JTGD62-2004）/r/n（/r/n9/r/n）/r/n《混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)工程施工質(zhì)量驗(yàn)收規(guī)程》（GB50204-2002）/r/n（/r/n10/r/n）/r/n《鋼筋混凝土用熱軋帶肋鋼筋》（GB1499.2-2007）/r/n（/r/n11/r/n）/r/n《鋼筋機(jī)械連接通用技術(shù)規(guī)程》（JGJ107-2003）/r/n（/r/n12/r/n）/r/n《鋼筋焊接及驗(yàn)收規(guī)程》（JGJ18-2012）/r/n（/r/n13/r/n）/r/n《公路工程質(zhì)量檢驗(yàn)評定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》（JTGF80/1-2004）/r/n（/r/n14/r/n）/r/n《公路工程施工安全技術(shù)規(guī)程》（JGJ18-2012）/r/n（/r/n15/r/n）/r/n《施工現(xiàn)場臨時用電安全技術(shù)規(guī)范》（JGJ46-2005）/r/n（/r/n16/r/n）/r/n《爆破安全規(guī)程》（GB6722-2011）/r/n/r/n（/r/n17/r/n）/r/n《建筑樁基檢測技術(shù)規(guī)范》（JGJ106-2014）/r/n/r/n（/r/n18/r/n）/r/n《建筑機(jī)械使用安全技術(shù)規(guī)程》（JGJ33-2012）/r/n三、編制原則/r/n/r/n根據(jù)招標(biāo)文件、施工圖紙以及國家現(xiàn)行有關(guān)規(guī)范、規(guī)程的有關(guān)要求，/r/n遵照建設(shè)單位對/r/n元蔓高速/r/n公路建設(shè)的安全、質(zhì)量、工期等控制的原則，結(jié)合工程實(shí)際編制。/r/n1、嚴(yán)格遵守執(zhí)行國家和當(dāng)?shù)卣挠嘘P(guān)政策、法規(guī)規(guī)定/r/n、現(xiàn)行有關(guān)規(guī)范和行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；/r/n2、合理安排施工順序，做到布局合理、突出重點(diǎn)、全面展開、文明作業(yè)、科學(xué)組織、均衡生產(chǎn)以保證施工連續(xù)均衡地進(jìn)行。/r/n3、堅持技術(shù)先進(jìn)性、科學(xué)合理性、經(jīng)濟(jì)適用性相結(jié)合及實(shí)事求是的原則。/r/n4、遵守招標(biāo)文件及合同各項條款要求，認(rèn)真貫徹建設(shè)單位，設(shè)計單位和監(jiān)理工程師及其授權(quán)或批示、指令和技術(shù)文件。/r/n5、精心進(jìn)行場地規(guī)劃，節(jié)約施工用地，盡量不占或少占用地，嚴(yán)格施工組織管理，開展文明施工活動，創(chuàng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化施工工地。/r/n6、嚴(yán)格遵守招標(biāo)文件的設(shè)計規(guī)范，施工規(guī)范和質(zhì)量制定驗(yàn)收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。/r/n7、堅持以人為本的原則制定方案，文明施工，安全施工，確保每一個施工人員的人身安全。/r/n8、尊重和保護(hù)/r/n貴州/r/n人民多年來形成的民俗風(fēng)情和行為準(zhǔn)則。/r/n第三章施工計劃/r/n一、施工進(jìn)度計劃/r/n二、/r/n施工用電/r/n本項目沿線生產(chǎn)、生活用電線路齊全，已建有國家電力網(wǎng)，可就近引用。用電需求大的地方，可引用國家電網(wǎng)，同時施工現(xiàn)場還設(shè)有配電房800KVA配備，并配備滿足施工要求的發(fā)電機(jī)500KW配備，作為備用電源。/r/n三、施工機(jī)械設(shè)備計劃/r/n1、根據(jù)總體施工進(jìn)度計劃及設(shè)備資源狀況，結(jié)合本工程實(shí)際情況，施工主要機(jī)械設(shè)備如下表/r/n：/r/n序號/r/n機(jī)械名稱/r/n型號/r/n單位/r/n數(shù)量/r/n備注/r/n1/r/n挖掘機(jī)/r/nPC220-6/r/n臺/r/n3/r/n2/r/n壓路機(jī)/r/n18T/r/n臺/r/n1/r/n3/r/n裝載機(jī)/r/nLG855DC/r/n臺/r/n2/r/n4/r/n空壓機(jī)/r/nVY-12/7/r/n套/r/n48/r/n5/r/n鋼筋砂輪切割機(jī)/r/nJ3GY-LD-400A/r/n臺/r/n3/r/n6/r/n鋼筋切斷機(jī)/r/nGQ40-Y112-2/r/n臺/r/n3/r/n7/r/n鋼筋彎曲機(jī)/r/nGW40/r/n臺/r/n3/r/n8/r/n電焊機(jī)/r/nBX1-500/r/n臺/r/n12/r/n9/r/n吊車/r/n35T汽車吊/r/n臺/r/n6/r/n10/r/n發(fā)電機(jī)組/r/n500KW/r/n臺/r/n3/r/n11/r/n砼運(yùn)輸車/r/n10m/r/n3/r/n臺/r/n10/r/n12/r/n圓盤鋸/r/nModel/r/n臺/r/n3/r/n13/r/n手拉葫蘆/r/n5~10T/r/n個/r/n10/r/n14/r/n離心泵/r/nIS-50-32-200/r/n臺/r/n20/r/n15/r/n鋼筋直螺紋滾絲機(jī)/r/nHGS-40B/r/n臺/r/n1/r/n16/r/n風(fēng)鎬/r/nG20/r/n臺/r/n2/r/n17/r/n插入式振動器/r/nFZ-50/r/n臺/r/n12/r/n18/r/n手推斗車/r/nRf瑞發(fā)/8899/r/n臺/r/n3/r/n19/r/n天泵/r/n三一重工/r/n臺/r/n2/r/n20/r/n平板車/r/n一氣/r/n臺/r/n3/r/n21/r/n提升機(jī)/r/nTH型/r/n臺/r/n96/r/n22/r/n串筒/r/n350/r/n組/r/n3/r/n23/r/n對講機(jī)/r/n鴻達(dá)HD-Q9/r/n臺/r/n200/r/n24/r/n導(dǎo)管/r/nф/r/n260/r/n套/r/n3/r/n2、/r/n試驗(yàn)儀器配備/r/n儀器設(shè)備名稱/r/n型號規(guī)格/r/n產(chǎn)地/r/n制造年份/r/n備注/r/n震擊式標(biāo)準(zhǔn)篩析儀/r/nZBSX-92/r/n上虞/r/n2016/r/n恒溫干燥箱/r/n101-2A/r/n上?？德?r/n2016/r/n電子天平/r/n2000/r/nɡ/r/n0.1/r/nɡ/r/n金諾/r/n2016/r/n機(jī)械秒表/r/n504型/r/n上海/r/n2015/r/n游標(biāo)卡尺/r/n0-300/r/n上海/r/n壓碎值測定儀/r/n直徑150/r/n浙江/r/n2014/r/n針片狀規(guī)準(zhǔn)試驗(yàn)儀/r/n//r/n浙江/r/n水泥凈漿攪拌機(jī)/r/nNJ-160/r/n無錫/r/n水泥膠砂試件成型振實(shí)臺/r/nZT-96/r/n無錫/r/n電液式壓力試驗(yàn)機(jī)/r/nTYE-2000/r/n無錫/r/n電動抗折試驗(yàn)機(jī)/r/nKZJ-5000B/r/n天津/r/n數(shù)控水泥砼標(biāo)準(zhǔn)養(yǎng)護(hù)箱/r/nSHBY-40B/r/n上海華南/r/n2016/r/n水泥稠度凝結(jié)時間測定儀/r/nZKS-100/r/n無錫/r/n雷氏夾測定儀/r/nLD-50/r/n上海路康/r/n沸煮箱/r/nFZ-31/r/n上海/r/n水泥負(fù)壓篩析儀/r/nFSY-150A/r/n浙江上虞/r/n電子天平/r/n500g0.01/r/nɡ/r/n余姚/r/n勃氏透氣比表面積/r/nDBT-127/r/n無錫/r/n標(biāo)準(zhǔn)養(yǎng)護(hù)室恒溫恒濕設(shè)備/r/n三件套/r/n上海/r/n2015/r/n坍落度筒/r/n//r/n//r/n2016/r/n電液壓力試驗(yàn)機(jī)/r/nTYE-300KN/r/n無錫/r/n混凝土貫入阻力入/r/nHG-80/r/n上虞/r/n混凝土強(qiáng)制攪拌機(jī)/r/nSJD-60L/r/n上虞/r/n混凝土振動臺/r/n1m/r/n2/r/n浙江/r/n電動脫摸機(jī)/r/nDTM-150/r/n上海路達(dá)/r/n液壓式萬能材料試驗(yàn)機(jī)/r/nWE-600B/r/n上海路達(dá)/r/n鋼尺/r/n50m/r/n云南/r/n2016/r/n鋼卷尺/r/n5m/r/n云南/r/n2016/r/n四、施工材料/r/n計劃/r/n/r/n1、采用/r/n工地/r/n混凝土拌合站生產(chǎn)的混凝土，電腦計量系統(tǒng)和控制，所有計量系統(tǒng)通過專業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行標(biāo)定，由工地試驗(yàn)室派專人前后場進(jìn)行監(jiān)控。/r/n/r/n2、所有物資機(jī)械均通過/r/n鄉(xiāng)/r/n道進(jìn)入新建的施工便道/r/n在/r/n進(jìn)入施工現(xiàn)場。/r/n/r/n3、根據(jù)施工組織設(shè)計安排及設(shè)計圖紙，主要材料供應(yīng)計劃見下表/r/n：/r/n部位/r/n材料/r/n單位/r/n計劃進(jìn)場數(shù)量/r/n新房子大橋/r/n鋼筋/r/nt/r/n420/r/n聲測管/r/nt/r/n30.5/r/n水壩塘1號橋/r/n鋼筋/r/nt/r/n618/r/n聲測管/r/nt/r/n70.4/r/n水壩塘2號橋/r/n鋼筋/r/nt/r/n280/r/n聲測管/r/nt/r/n20.2/r/n第四章施工/r/n工藝/r/n一、/r/n施工/r/n準(zhǔn)備/r/n在正式施工前，項目部必須收集完善以下工程資料。主要包括建筑物場地的工程地質(zhì)和必要的地下水位資料；孔樁施工圖紙會審紀(jì)要；主要施工機(jī)械及其配套設(shè)備的技術(shù)性能資料；樁基鋼筋混凝土所用建材（水泥、砂石、鋼筋）的質(zhì)檢報告。/r/n施工前要制定周詳?shù)馁|(zhì)量安全管理措施。在施工平面圖上應(yīng)標(biāo)明樁位、編號、施工順序；指定施工工序檢查程序；制定不良天氣（雨季）施工的技術(shù)措施。人工挖孔樁施工中安全措施非常重要，必須高度重視，應(yīng)做到以下措施保障：孔內(nèi)設(shè)應(yīng)急爬梯供人員上下井；施工人員進(jìn)入孔內(nèi)必須戴安全帽；使用吊籠、卷揚(yáng)機(jī)等應(yīng)有安全可靠的自動卡緊保險裝置；開挖深度超過10m時應(yīng)配有通風(fēng)設(shè)備；挖出的土石方應(yīng)及時運(yùn)離孔口，不得堆放在孔口四周5m范圍內(nèi)，機(jī)動車輛的通行不得對井壁造成安全影響；要注意安全用電，井下照明應(yīng)采用12V以下安全燈。/r/n1/r/n、技術(shù)準(zhǔn)備/r/n根據(jù)實(shí)際情況編制施工方案，上報上級部門及單位進(jìn)行審批。/r/n項目部組織對項目部人員及施工隊班組長進(jìn)行/r/n三/r/n級交底，施工班班組長或技術(shù)員對施工人員進(jìn)行三級交底。/r/n管理人員熟悉掌握設(shè)計圖紙、《公路橋涵施工技術(shù)規(guī)范》、《公路工程質(zhì)量檢驗(yàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》及施工方案，建立施工臺賬，弄清需要填寫的資料表格，明確報檢程序，掌握現(xiàn)場控制要點(diǎn)。/r/n2/r/n、物質(zhì)準(zhǔn)備/r/n根據(jù)/r/n“/r/n主要/r/n材料供應(yīng)計劃表”組織材料進(jìn)場，及時通知試驗(yàn)室對進(jìn)場材料進(jìn)行取樣報檢，檢驗(yàn)合格后方可使用，對于不合格的材料試驗(yàn)室必須及時通知物資部清退。/r/n3/r/n、/r/n機(jī)械設(shè)備準(zhǔn)備/r/n根據(jù)/r/n“/r/n施工機(jī)械設(shè)備計劃表”組織施工機(jī)械進(jìn)場，及時通知技術(shù)部門及安環(huán)部門對進(jìn)場設(shè)備進(jìn)行報驗(yàn)，確定性能、數(shù)量是否滿足施工要求。/r/n二、工藝流程/r/n /r/n施工工藝流程圖/r/n1、工藝原理/r/n人工挖孔樁分節(jié)開挖，分節(jié)支護(hù)。圍護(hù)樁穿越地層由上至下依次為：壓粘土層、強(qiáng)風(fēng)化變質(zhì)砂巖、弱風(fēng)化變質(zhì)砂巖/r/n。對于土層開挖采用人工持鐵鍬、尖鎬開挖；風(fēng)化層、/r/n弱/r/n風(fēng)化層巖質(zhì)硬，采用鉆爆開挖/r/n，開挖順序如下圖：/r/n說明：群樁采用隔孔開挖法，分兩次開挖：/r/n第一次開挖1、3、5、7、9號孔樁。/r/n第二次開挖2、4、6、8號孔樁。/r/n2、/r/n定位及鎖口/r/n開挖前，應(yīng)按工程樁軸線（中心線）向四周引出樁心控制點(diǎn)，用牢固的木樁標(biāo)定，工程樁定位后，開始挖第一節(jié)樁孔土方，安裝第一節(jié)樁孔護(hù)壁模板時，必須用樁心點(diǎn)效正模板位置（由專人負(fù)責(zé)），支護(hù)牢固，并檢查護(hù)壁厚度、位置正確、質(zhì)量符合要求后方能澆搗護(hù)壁。第一節(jié)護(hù)壁軸線偏差不大于2厘米，高出現(xiàn)場地面30厘米，壁厚比下面井壁厚度增加10～15cm。當(dāng)?shù)谝还?jié)護(hù)壁拆模后應(yīng)及時將中心軸線引到護(hù)壁上，作為控制樁心軸線的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)依據(jù)，并把標(biāo)高引到護(hù)壁內(nèi)，用以控制樁底的標(biāo)高。井圈高出地面防止地表水在施工過程中進(jìn)入井內(nèi)/r/n，/r/n人工挖孔樁鎖/r/n口/r/n圈示意圖/r/n如下：/r/n說明：鎖扣圈厚度30cm，并高出地面以上20/r/ncm/r/n，寬35cm，在孔口位置，護(hù)壁主筋呈放射狀向孔外彎曲，并折向地面，深入土層10/r/ncm/r/n，作為錨固長度，同時緊貼折入土層主筋內(nèi)側(cè)，增設(shè)一根A6的圈筋，以增加主筋受力。鎖扣圈既能防水，又可避免墜落雜物。/r/n3、/r/n土層人工開挖/r/n1、欄桿2、限位器3、提升井架4、電動卷揚(yáng)機(jī)/r/n5、提升吊桶/r/n6、鎖口圈/r/n人工挖孔樁示意圖/r/n1、欄桿2、限位器3、提升井架4、電動卷揚(yáng)機(jī)/r/n5、提升吊桶/r/n6、鎖口圈/r/n人工挖孔樁示意圖/r/n/r/n⑵/r/n挖孔作業(yè)采用人工逐層開挖，由人工逐層用鎬、鍬進(jìn)行，遇堅硬土層用錘、釬或風(fēng)鎬破碎，挖土次序?yàn)橄韧谥虚g部分后周邊，允許誤差為/r/n30mm。/r/n/r/n⑶/r/n挖土一般情況下每層挖深/r/n1.0m左右，及時用鋼模現(xiàn)澆砼護(hù)壁。每天進(jìn)尺為一節(jié)，當(dāng)天挖的孔樁當(dāng)天澆筑完護(hù)壁砼。樁護(hù)壁上段堅向筋每隔一根伸入下段護(hù)壁內(nèi)，伸入長度不小于設(shè)計要求的長度。上下節(jié)護(hù)壁的搭接長度不得小于50mm。/r/n/r/n⑷/r/n開挖中若出現(xiàn)淤泥質(zhì)土層時，應(yīng)縮短開挖進(jìn)尺。/r/n當(dāng)孔深大于10m以上時，每天開工前采用通風(fēng)機(jī)向井下通風(fēng)至少5分鐘，加強(qiáng)空氣對流，防止有毒氣體危害。上下人員輪換作業(yè)，樁孔上人員密切注意觀察樁孔下人員情況，預(yù)防安全事故發(fā)生。下孔施工前，先用有毒氣體檢測儀或經(jīng)常吊放小動物至孔底，觀察有無異常反應(yīng)。/r/n通風(fēng)及安全設(shè)備平面布置示意圖/r/n如下：/r/n提升機(jī)主要技術(shù)參數(shù)/r/n型號/r/nYB1008/r/n、電壓380v、電動機(jī)功率/r/n3/r/n000w、重量52Kg、提升度7-14m/min、提升高度1-100m、起重500-1000kg，多功能電動提升機(jī)抗傾覆計算：/r/n/r/n鋼絲繩拉力計算：/r/n直徑10毫米，面積5*5*3.14=78/r/n./r/n5mm2，承受拉力約為78/r/n./r/n5*65=5102/r/n./r/n5kg/r/n

/r/n公式f=ks/r/n

/r/nk為每平方毫米承受的拉力/r/n

/r/ns為截面積/r/n鋼絲繩起重的安全系數(shù)為5/r/n5102.5/5=1020.5kg/r/n鋼絲繩滿足要求。/r/n/r/neq\o\ac(/r/n○/r/n,/r/n2/r/n)/r/n配重要求：/r/n提升機(jī)尾部采用長/r/n0.85/r/nm，寬0.6m，高0.2/r/n7/r/nm鋼筋網(wǎng)框，放C20混凝土塊(每方2450kg)，配重M=（/r/n0.85/r/nm/r/n×/r/n0.6/r/nm/r/n×/r/n0.2/r/n7/r/nm）/r/n×/r/n2/r/n×/r/n2450kg=/r/n674.73/r/nkg/r/n計算：/r/n900/t2=800/t3/r/nt3=800*t2/900/r/n/r/n（1）/r/n900*t3>900*t1/r/n/r/n（2）/r/n把（1）式代入（2）式得/r/n（800*t2/900）*900>900*t1/r/n /r/n800*t2>900*t1/r/n/r/n同時除以1000/r/n/r/n/r/n0.8*t2>0.9*t1/r/n/r/n/r/nt2>0.9*t2/0.8/r/n/r/n/r/nt2>1.125t1/r/n因此，符合力學(xué)要求。/r/n電動提升機(jī)示意圖/r/n4、/r/n巖層爆破開挖/r/n圍護(hù)樁經(jīng)過的巖石強(qiáng)風(fēng)化帶、巖石弱風(fēng)化帶采用錘釬破除困難，為了保證施工進(jìn)度，采用爆破施工，通過爆破參數(shù)設(shè)計達(dá)到最優(yōu)效果，加快施工進(jìn)度。按有關(guān)規(guī)定爆破需由有爆破資質(zhì)的單位施工，編制專門的爆破施工方案。/r/n（/r/n1/r/n）/r/n初步爆破設(shè)計/r/n爆破設(shè)計原則:爆破區(qū)為為山坡斜面上，且樁位較密集，為確保施工安全，采用控制預(yù)裂/r/n爆破，以控制爆破飛石及爆破震動。/r/n預(yù)裂/r/n爆破要保證孔樁輪廓的平整及巖體完整，必須保證以下兩點(diǎn)：一是提高炮眼的利用率；二是控制開挖輪廓及減小爆破震動對圍巖的擾動?？刹扇∫韵录夹g(shù)措施來達(dá)到目的：/r/n⑴/r/n掏槽眼采用圓錐形布置；/r/n⑵/r/n合理的裝藥長度；/r/n⑶/r/n采用延期爆破網(wǎng)路；/r/n⑷/r/n炮眼布設(shè)采取淺孔密眼；/r/n⑸/r/n用小棍固定藥包位置；/r/n⑹/r/n每次進(jìn)尺控制在1m以內(nèi)。/r/n根據(jù)上述原則，在密集炮孔、分散裝藥、規(guī)?？刂啤⑽⒉疃喾侄魏透采w防護(hù)的基礎(chǔ)上，采用淺眼松動爆破方案。孔樁爆破深度每次不超過1米，以防止爆破震壞上節(jié)護(hù)壁，避免產(chǎn)生坍孔等現(xiàn)象/r/n，/r/n人工挖孔樁爆破開挖施工流程圖/r/n如下：/r/n施工準(zhǔn)備/r/n施工準(zhǔn)備/r/n炮眼定位/r/n開鉆/r/n清孔/r/n裝藥、堵孔/r/n布置導(dǎo)爆線路/r/n疏散人群、設(shè)置警示牌/r/n點(diǎn)炮/r/n通風(fēng)排除炮煙/r/n檢查孔內(nèi)氣體/r/n出碴/r/n設(shè)置防護(hù)裝置/r/n下一循環(huán)/r/n樁井爆破主要參數(shù)/r/n設(shè)計樁芯直徑D;有/r/n4/r/n種成孔直徑，即D=1500,1800，2/r/n2/r/n00,/r/n30/r/n00/r/n井桶爆破直徑D1;DA=D+2t/r/n式中t=al+a2=225mm/r/n炮眼直徑/r/nφ/r/n=40mm/r/n單循環(huán)爆破深度；h/r/n≤/r/n1.Om/r/n炮眼深度l=h+/r/n△/r/nh米/r/n式中底板超深一般/r/n△/r/nh=0.3～0.4m/r/n炸藥單耗；特堅石普堅石井直徑越小，單耗越大/r/n裝藥量；Q=qv〔kg〕/r/n式中V-成井的爆破體積〔m3〕/r/n孔距：根據(jù)孔數(shù)排定；/r/n裝藥與回填/r/n炮孔裝藥；選用/r/nφ/r/n25或/r/nφ/r/n32筒裝乳化炸藥，孔底連續(xù)柱狀裝藥，起爆藥包裝于裝藥段中下部。/r/n炮孔回填；裝藥后剩余孔段全部回填，回填料用巖粉或黃泥，樁井爆破回填長度L0/r/n≤/r/n0.5m，將有較好的松動爆破效果，既不會產(chǎn)生上拋飛石，也不會產(chǎn)生大塊。/r/n（/r/n2/r/n）/r/n爆破開挖流程及參數(shù)/r/n施工采用中空楔形掏槽，炮眼成環(huán)行布置，炮眼傾角；周邊眼/r/n為了便于鉆眼，通常向外傾斜一定角度，一般不得大于4°/r/n。/r/n輔助眼一般/r/n與周邊眼平行/r/n。/r/n掏槽眼/r/n炮眼/r/n擴(kuò)大頭時張開角為10度左右大頭時張開角為30度/r/n左右，/r/n炮眼布置和裝藥結(jié)構(gòu)/r/n示意圖如下：/r/n掏槽眼/r/n：/r/n采取直孔螺旋掏槽形式，掏槽眼共5個，中心孔為空眼，作自由面，不裝藥。其余4個為裝藥眼，起爆順序呈螺旋展開行。經(jīng)驗(yàn)證明，該掏槽形式用于硬巖掘進(jìn)，其炮眼利用率高。/r/n周邊眼/r/n：/r/n眼井筒周邊布置周邊眼，根據(jù)爆破成井的底圓周的大小，按周邊眼孔間距600～700毫米布孔/r/n輔助眼/r/n：/r/n在掏槽眼和周邊眼之間增加輔助眼，使爆破成井的底圓上保持炮孔的孔間距和排距為600～700毫米/r/n起爆/r/n：/r/n起爆方法暴區(qū)距離縣道較近，暴區(qū)以采用非電起爆法。既每個炮孔裝一發(fā)毫秒非電導(dǎo)暴雷管，孔外連成非電導(dǎo)暴管回路，引出倒安全地點(diǎn)，用電雷管起爆器起爆非電導(dǎo)管系統(tǒng)。/r/n采用1段、3段、5段三個段別的非電微差毫秒雷管進(jìn)行爆破作業(yè)。/r/n孔樁開挖過程中，如遇單孔需要起爆，及時通知其它井內(nèi)作業(yè)人員遠(yuǎn)離群樁區(qū)域。多孔需要起爆時，所有井內(nèi)作業(yè)人員遠(yuǎn)離起爆區(qū)域，每次起爆一個井筒，/r/n以避免爆破地震波疊加對井筒造成破壞/r/n，/r/n起爆順序/r/n：/r/n周邊眼(/r/n5段/r/n)/r/n→/r/n輔助眼(/r/n3段/r/n)/r/n→/r/n掏槽眼(/r/n1段/r/n)/r/n樁井爆破飛石防護(hù)/r/n：/r/n由于部分樁孔進(jìn)入巖層較早，樁孔身短，該類樁孔爆破容易產(chǎn)生飛石。因此，淺井爆破時降低炸藥單耗，采取小進(jìn)尺，少裝藥，強(qiáng)覆蓋的原則。裝井爆破飛石的一般覆蓋方法是；首先在井沿上放墊塊，墊塊上放鋼筋防護(hù)網(wǎng)，鋼筋網(wǎng)上壓1～2層竹排，竹排上堆壓一層沙土袋。/r/n/r/n/r/n/r/n安全距離核算/r/n（a）爆破震動/r/nV=K〔QM/R〕a〔cm/s〕/r/n式中v-觀測點(diǎn)〔樓房的質(zhì)點(diǎn)震動速度cm/s〕/r/nQ/r/n—/r/n微差爆破時同段最大藥量，淺眼爆破時Q/r/n≤/r/n100Kg/r/nR/r/n—/r/n測點(diǎn)與爆破中心的距離按R=100m計/r/nK/r/n—/r/n與場地有關(guān)的系數(shù)，參照取值K=180/r/na/r/n—/r/n地震波衰減指數(shù)，參照取值a=1.6m-指數(shù)m=1/3/r/n（b）爆破個別飛石警戒半徑RF/r/n在控制爆破和覆蓋防護(hù)前提下，樁孔爆破時RF/r/n≥/r/n50M，淺井爆破RF要適當(dāng)加大。/r/n（/r/n3/r/n）爆破防護(hù)措施/r/n爆破作業(yè)嚴(yán)格遵守《爆破安全規(guī)程》，爆破作業(yè)人員堅守崗位。在裝藥過中認(rèn)真驗(yàn)收炮眼參數(shù)、驗(yàn)算裝藥量，做好爆破原始資料的收集和整理工作。/r/n爆破后有足夠的等待時間（不得小于15分鐘）。確認(rèn)炮煙已充分稀釋，工作面具備安全條件后，人員才能進(jìn)入工作面進(jìn)行下一步作業(yè)。/r/n盲炮處理由專職爆破員進(jìn)行處理：能夠重新引爆的加大警戒范圍，重新加入起爆體引爆；不能重新引爆的炮孔，采用周邊重新布眼法（新眼離盲眼20cm）引爆；嚴(yán)禁采用木棒搗起爆藥卷。/r/n嚴(yán)禁利用殘眼打孔，以免鉆爆殘殘留炸藥。/r/n起爆信號統(tǒng)一，且大家均知，宜采用口哨。/r/n火工品管理和使用由持證專業(yè)爆破員負(fù)責(zé)。/r/n作業(yè)完成后清走所有爆破器材，立即退還庫房，杜絕帶入宿舍和放在作業(yè)場地內(nèi)。/r/n/r/n（/r/n4/r/n）/r/n爆破施工注意事項/r/n裝藥與鉆孔不宜平行作業(yè)。/r/n裝藥前檢查爆破工作面附近的護(hù)壁是否牢固；炮眼內(nèi)的泥漿，石粉吹洗干凈；剛打好的炮眼熱度過高，不得立即裝藥。如果遇有照明不足，發(fā)現(xiàn)流砂、流泥未經(jīng)妥善處理，或可能有大量涌水時，嚴(yán)禁裝藥爆破。/r/n為防止點(diǎn)炮時發(fā)生照明中斷，爆破工隨身攜帶手電筒。嚴(yán)禁用明火照明。/r/n裝炮時使用木質(zhì)炮棍裝藥，嚴(yán)禁火種。無關(guān)人員與機(jī)具等均撤至安全地點(diǎn)。/r/n/r/n（/r/n5/r/n）/r/n爆破安全技術(shù)措施/r/n/r/n（a）/r/n爆破作業(yè)嚴(yán)格遵守爆破安全規(guī)程，做到有組織，有領(lǐng)導(dǎo)有明確分工，爆破工程技術(shù)人員，爆破員，爆破安全員等爆破作業(yè)人員持證上崗。/r/n（b）爆破作業(yè)時有爆破工程技術(shù)人員在場驗(yàn)收炮孔參數(shù)，進(jìn)行裝藥量計算，做好爆破原始資料收集，整理和技術(shù)總結(jié)。/r/n（c）爆后認(rèn)真檢查和及時按規(guī)定處理盲炮。/r/n/r/n（d）做好爆破清場和警戒工作，各進(jìn)口均有人把守。/r/n5、/r/n護(hù)壁施工/r/n護(hù)壁采用/r/nC/r/n3/r/n0現(xiàn)澆砼，厚度0.15m，護(hù)壁的結(jié)構(gòu)形式設(shè)為內(nèi)八字搭接，搭接長度不小于0./r/n0/r/n5m。護(hù)壁模板采用工具式鋼模板，模板由四塊組成，模板間用插銷連接。/r/n護(hù)壁之間的連接，采用預(yù)埋/r/nф/r/n10/r/n鋼筋，并焊接連接鋼筋/r/n，/r/n護(hù)壁結(jié)構(gòu)如/r/n下/r/n圖所示/r/n：/r/n孔樁開挖護(hù)壁結(jié)構(gòu)示意圖/r/n灌注護(hù)壁混凝土?xí)r，可用小型振動棒插搗或附壁式振搗器。不得在樁孔水淹沒模板的情況下灌注護(hù)壁混凝土。護(hù)壁應(yīng)在當(dāng)日連續(xù)施工完畢，模板拆除宜在24h后進(jìn)行。拆模后，對蜂窩、漏水、漏泥、露筋處及時用早強(qiáng)砼修補(bǔ)，防止孔外水通過護(hù)壁流入樁孔內(nèi)。/r/n孔樁開挖護(hù)壁結(jié)構(gòu)示意圖/r/n6、/r/n出渣/r/n及孔內(nèi)排水/r/n樁孔開挖兩節(jié)后，在孔口安裝經(jīng)特種設(shè)備檢驗(yàn)合格的提升系統(tǒng)，利用鋼絲繩和吊桶進(jìn)行出渣。安裝時，應(yīng)使吊桶鋼絲繩中心與樁孔中心線一致，以作挖孔時粗略控制中心線用。當(dāng)支架安裝完成后現(xiàn)場技術(shù)員和專職安全員應(yīng)對支架的穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行檢查，經(jīng)檢查合格后方可使用。/r/n挖孔過程中如遇較小滲水，采取隨挖隨吊，將泥水、土渣一起吊出。滲水較大時，可在滲水一側(cè)挖集水井，用高揚(yáng)程潛水泵排出樁孔外。當(dāng)出現(xiàn)孔壁滲水嚴(yán)重時可采用小圓管將水導(dǎo)入集水坑內(nèi)集中排水，待澆筑護(hù)壁后封堵管眼。/r/n7、/r/n孔內(nèi)通風(fēng)與照明/r/n孔深超過/r/n10/r/nm或者孔內(nèi)的空氣污染物超過現(xiàn)行《環(huán)境空氣質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》（GB-3095）規(guī)定的三級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)濃度限值時，地面配備空壓機(jī)向孔內(nèi)送風(fēng)?？變?nèi)設(shè)100W防水帶罩燈泡照明，電壓為12V低電壓，電纜為防水絕緣電纜。風(fēng)管、水管及電纜均采用護(hù)壁處的預(yù)埋鋼筋（在護(hù)壁澆筑時預(yù)埋/r/nΦ/r/n12/r/n鋼筋）固定。/r/n有害氣體檢測/r/n/r/n采用QB2000T型有毒有害氣體探測儀，對開挖深度/r/n≥/r/n10米的孔樁，每次作業(yè)前必須進(jìn)行檢測。/r/n檢測方法：/r/n下孔施工前，先用有毒有害氣體/r/n探測儀/r/n吊放至孔底，觀察有無異常反應(yīng)。探測儀的響應(yīng)時間必須滿足設(shè)備要求及規(guī)范要求（響應(yīng)時間大于等于60s）。/r/n檢測設(shè)備及方法必須符合《作業(yè)場所環(huán)境氣體檢測報警儀通用技術(shù)要求》/r/n檢測誤差及報警誤差標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，必須符合表1、表2規(guī)范要求：/r/n9、/r/n成孔檢查/r/n樁/r/n孔開挖至離終孔標(biāo)高20～50cm時，由現(xiàn)場設(shè)計代表、監(jiān)理工程師確認(rèn)入巖深度是否符合設(shè)計要求，并由專業(yè)檢測公司對樁底以下5米范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行不良地質(zhì)探測，如無需變更樁長，采用非爆破方法開挖至設(shè)計標(biāo)高，以確保樁底基巖的完整性。/r/n開挖至設(shè)計標(biāo)高后，對孔底進(jìn)行清理，經(jīng)監(jiān)理工程師對樁孔進(jìn)行驗(yàn)收后方可進(jìn)行下道工序作業(yè)。人工挖孔樁樁孔各檢查項目/r/n應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定：/r/n鉆（挖）孔灌注樁質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)/r/n項目/r/n規(guī)定值或允許偏差/r/n鉆（挖）孔樁/r/n樁孔中心位置（mm/r/n）/r/n群樁：100；單排樁：50/r/n孔徑（mm/r/n）/r/n不小于設(shè)計樁徑/r/n傾斜度（%）/r/n鉆孔：＜1；挖孔＜0.5/r/n孔深（m/r/n）/r/n摩擦樁：不小于設(shè)計規(guī)定/r/n支撐樁：比設(shè)計深度超深不小于0.05/r/n10、/r/n鋼筋籠制作、安裝/r/n/r/n（1）鋼筋籠的分節(jié)及下料/r/n鋼筋籠的分節(jié)長度應(yīng)根據(jù)施工現(xiàn)場的實(shí)際情況確定，施工時應(yīng)盡量減少鋼筋籠的分節(jié)數(shù)量，加快施工進(jìn)度，下料前應(yīng)將鋼筋調(diào)直并清理污銹，鋼筋表面應(yīng)平直，無局部彎折。鋼筋籠下料后采用切割機(jī)將鋼筋的兩頭切平，再用砂輪打磨，以保證鋼筋連接的順利進(jìn)行。/r/n（2）鋼筋的連接/r/n直徑大于等于25mm的主筋采用滾扎直螺紋套筒連接，直徑小于25mm的主筋采用焊接連接。/r/n非主筋的連接采用閃光對焊、搭接焊或幫條焊；焊接前應(yīng)根據(jù)施工條件進(jìn)行試焊，合格后方可進(jìn)行正式施焊。/r/n鋼筋接頭應(yīng)設(shè)置在承受應(yīng)力較小處，并應(yīng)分散布置。配置/r/n在/r/n內(nèi)受力鋼筋接頭的截面面積，占受力鋼筋總截面面積的