2020屆上海市青浦區(qū)高三二模試卷

菁準(zhǔn)考整理菁準(zhǔn)考整理第第頁共19頁breakthroughsintheprocessinthelate1800s.Firstthebeansgothroughaprocessoffermentation（發(fā)酵）anddrying.Theyarethensortedbyhandbeforecleaningandthenroasting.Winnowing（風(fēng)揚(yáng)）followswhichremovesthehardouterlayersandleaveswhatisasthe“grains”.AcrushingandheatingprocessknownasHunte'sProcessisthenusedtoremovenearlyhalfofthecocoabutterfromthenibs.Thismakesunsweetenedchocolate.Basiceatingchocolateismadefromamixtureoftheunsweetenedchocolatewithsomeofthecocoabutteralongwithotheringredientssuchassugarandvanilla.Theresultingproductisthen“purified”andthispurifyinggiveschocolatethesilkytexturethatweknowsowell.Thefinishedresultisthenshaped,cooled,packagedbymachine,distributed,soldandofcourse,eaten!63.Whydidn'tColumbusbringbeansbacktoSpainatoncewhenhefoundcacao?A.Becausehecouldn'taffordtobuythecacaobean.Becausehedidn'tknowhowtoturncacaobeanintochocolate.C.Becausehewasnotawareofthemonetaryvalueofcacaobeanthen.BecauseSpaniardsthendidn'tfavourthechocolatethattheAztecsoriginallydrank.Theunderlinedword^palatableinparagraph2probablymeans.A.affordableB.agreeableC.patentD.portableWhichofthefollowingiscorrectaboutcacaotree?Cacaotreesneedalotoflookingaftertobeusedcommercially.Cacaotreesrequirehot,rainyclimatesandadequatesunlight.Cacaotreeswon'tproducefruituntilthefifthyear.Cacaotreescangrowwellinallcontinents.Whichisthecorrectorderofturningcocoaintochocolate?Thechocolateisreheatedtomeltit,putintopatternsandthencooledtomakeitsfinalshapes.Thebeansareharvestedonthefarm.SomecocoabutteristhenobtainedusingHunte'sProcesstomakecookingchocolate.Thecookingchocolateisthenmixedwithotheringredientstomakethevarioustypesofeatingchocolateavailabletoday.Thebeansarewinnowedafterfermentationanddryingandthesetwoprocessesproducethegrains.Thefinishedproductiswrapped,senttoshopsandthensold.A.②①③④⑤⑥B.②③①⑤④⑥C.②④⑤①③⑥D(zhuǎn).②⑤③④①⑥SectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Ifnothingelse,theworksuggeststheextraordinaryskillsofthedog.Thedogsweren'tabletoseeorsmellthedifferencebetweentheseobjects.Butdogs'thermaldetectionskillsmaynotbeusefulforlongdistancehunting.Mostmammalshavenaked,smoothskinonthetipsoftheirnosesaroundthenostrils（鼻孑L）.Dogstrackprey“notbysightorsoundorsmell,butbysomeotherandsubtlersense".Together,thetwoexperimentsshowthatdogs,likevampirebats,cansenseweakhotspots.Newsensediscoveredindognoses:theabilitytodetectheatDogs'nosesareamazing.Notonlyaretheyupto100milliontimesmoresensitivethanours,theycansenseweakthermalradiation—thebodyheatofmammalian（哺乳動(dòng)物的）prey,anewstudyreveals.Thefindhelpsexplainhowdogswithdamagedsight,hearing,orsmellcanstillhuntsuccessfully.“It'safascinatingdiscovery,”saysMarcBekoff,anexpertondogsniffing（嗅探）.“Itprovidesyetanotherwindowintothesensoryworldsofdogs'highlyevolvedcoldnoses.”Theabilitytosenseweak,radiatingheatisknowninonlysomeanimals:blackfirebeetles,certainsnakes,andonespeciesofmammal,thecommonvampirebat,allofwhichuseittohuntprey.67—.Butthetipsofdogs'nosesaremoist,colderthanthesurroundingtemperature,andrichlyendowedwithnerves—allofwhichsuggestsanabilitytodetectnotjustsmell,butheat.Totesttheidea,researchersatLundUniversitytrainedthreepetdogstochoosebetweenawarm（31°C）andasurrounding-temperatureobject,eachplaced1.6metersaway」68一（Scientistscouldonlydetectthedifferencebytouchingthesurfaces.）Aftertraining,thedogsweretestedontheirskillindouble-blindexperiments;allthreesuccessfullydetectedtheobjectsemittingweakthermalradiation.Next,theresearchersscannedthebrainsof13petdogsofvariousbreedswhilepresentingthedogswithobjectsemittingneutralorweakthermalradiation.Theleftsomatosensorycortexindogs'brains,wasmoreresponsivetothewarmthermalstimulusthantotheneutralone.Thescientistsidentifiedagroupof14voxels（體素）inthisregionofthedogs'leftbrains,butdidn'tfindanyintheright,andnoneinanypartofthedogs'brainsinresponsetotheneutralstimulus.—69_.Also,aspecificregionoftheirbrainsisactivatedbythisinfrared（relatingtoatypeoflight）radiation,thescientistssay.Theysuspectdogsinheritedtheabilityfromtheirancestor,thegraywolf,whomayuseittosniffoutwarmbodiesduringahunt.“Thestudyisconsistentwithotherresearchthatdescribesthecombineddognoseandbrainasahighlycomplicatedplatformforprocessingabroadrangeofsignals,”saysGarySettles,aprofessorofmechanicalengineeringatPennsylvaniaStateUniversity.“Thedognosecandistinguishpatternsofhotandcoldobjectsatadistance,"hesaid.“_70_.Thatneedsfurtherstudy."SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.HowDoOurPhonesAffectOurParenting?Asapediatrici&兒科醫(yī)生),Ihaveresearchedhowmobilephoneuseaffectsfamilydynamics.Theparent-childrelationshipiscentraltochildren'ssocialandemotionalhealthandlifesuccess—yetIalsoseehowmoreandmorefamilyinteractionsinterruptedbymobiledevices…includingmyown.Myinterestinthetopicbeganin2010.IworkedforayearasapediatricianinthesuburbsoutsideofSeattle.Manyoftheparentsbringingintheirsickkidsworkedattechcompaniesandwereearlyadoptersofmobiledevices.Duringmytraining,Ihadgottenusedtochildrenplayingwithhandheldgamingdevices,butthiswasdifferent:parentstextedduringhealth-relatedconversations(weretheyreallyprocessingwhatIwassaying?);lookedupmedicalinformationonlinetocheckmyaccuracy(wasthisasignofparentanxiety?);andusedvideostostopchildrenfromcrying(thiswasprettyhelpfulduringearexams,butisitOKothertimes,Iwondered?).IwasfascinatedbytheculturalchangeAmericawasexperiencingwiththerapidadoptionofmobiledevices.Butasapediatrician,Ihadnoideawhattodoaboutit.SowhenImovedtoBostonfortraininginDevelopmentalBehavioralPediatrics,Idecidedtoexplorethetopicinmoredepth.Istartedmyresearchbyobservingfamiliesinfastfoodrestaurants—andtheresultswereprettyeye-opening:whenparents'attentionwashighlyabsorbedintheirsmartphones,parentstalkedlesstochildren;respondedslower(ornotatall)tochildbidsforattention;andsometimesoverreactedtochildbehavior.Ourmorerecentstudiesshowthatinthelong-run,parenttechnologyuseduringparent-childactivitiesleadstomoredifficultchildbehavior—whichinturnleadstomoreparenttechnologyusage.It'saviciouscycle:whenkidsstressusout,weoftengotoourphonesforescapeortoavoidinteraction,andthisinterruptstimewithkidsormakesthemannoyed,andtheymightreactwithdifficultbehavior,andsoon.Asaworkingmomoftwoyoungboys,Iknewhowthischild-phonemultitaskingfelttome,butIwantedtohearwhatothersthought.SoIinterviewed35parentsfromdiversebackgroundsinBostontounderstandtheirexperiences.Theytoldmetheyhaveneverfelttheirbrainssplitinsomanydirections—likeallthemattersoftheworldcouldintrudeuponhometimeand“l(fā)andintheirlap”.Theyexpressedbothreliefanddespairwhentheirphoneswerebrokenorlost,becausewhilethismadeiteasier“tosingle-task”ontheirkidsagain,theyalsofeltcutofffromfriendsandinformation.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.菁準(zhǔn)考整理菁準(zhǔn)考整理研學(xué)的興起讓公共文化服務(wù)成為新亮點(diǎn)。（rise）不出所料，這個(gè)養(yǎng)身講座吸引了社區(qū)眾多老年居民。（expect）“線上音樂會(huì)”不受時(shí)空的局限，為劇場未來發(fā)展提供了新機(jī)遇。（break）該是時(shí)候民眾在日常生活中通過具體行動(dòng)表達(dá)對(duì)自然的敬畏與呵護(hù)了，比如節(jié)約能源、保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物等。（It）GuidedWritingDirections:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假設(shè)你是明啟中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李青。史上最長的“寒假”結(jié)束后，?？e辦主題征文活動(dòng)，內(nèi)容是關(guān)于學(xué)生在這個(gè)“寒假”里發(fā)生的一個(gè)變化。請(qǐng)你結(jié)合自己的實(shí)際寫一篇文章投稿。你的文章必須包括：?簡述該變化的具體內(nèi)容；?闡述該變化對(duì)你的意義。注意：文中請(qǐng)不要出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的校名和人名）青浦區(qū)2019學(xué)年高三年級(jí)第二次學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量調(diào)研測試英語學(xué)科試卷聽力文字稿Q2020.05英語學(xué)科試卷聽力文字稿Q2020.05I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InsectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.W:Thisroomisfantastic.Howmuchistherent?M:It's$250amonthunfurnishedor$300furnished.Utilitiesare50extra.Q:Howmuchwillitcostthemantorentafurnishedroomincludingutilities?2.M:Hey,Mandy,aren'tyouandJeffgoingtoKoreainJuly?W:WehadthoughttogothereinAugust,butthetravelagencygaveusadiscountifwegothereinOctober.Q:WhenwillMandyprobablygotoKorea?3.W:Doyouhavesomemagictablets?Ihaveanexamtopasstomorrow.M:Insuchanemergency,youneedinjections.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?4.W:Excuseme.I'dliketoplaceanadvertisementforausedcarinyourpaper.M:OK,butyouhavetorunyouradvertisementallweek.Q:Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?5.W:Emily'svoicesoundsawful.Icouldbarelyhearher.M:Yes.She'sgotaterriblesorethroat.Thedoctorsaidsheshouldn'tevenattempttowhisper.Q:WhatcanwelearnaboutEmilyfromtheconversation?6.W:Iwasn'tsurewhetherthebookIlentyouwasthekindyouwouldhaveanyinterestin.M:Nonsense.Icanhardlytearmyselfawayfromit.Q:Whatdoesthemanthinkofthebook?7.M:Howdidthelecturego?W:Oh,youshouldhaveseenthoseyoungpeople.Thirstyforknowledge,drinkinginmywisdom.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?8.M:Afterhighschool,I'dliketogotocollegeandmajorinbusinessadministration.準(zhǔn)考整理準(zhǔn)考整理Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?M:Walktothepark?Youmustbekidding!Ittakesonlyfiveminutestodrivethere.W:IfIhadrememberedtochargemycar.Q:Whatcanbelearnedfromtheconversation?M:Thisoldtypewriterhasbeensittingonthesparedeskallsemester.It'sjustgatheringdustfromwhatIcansee.W:We'dbetterasksomeonetogetridofitsothatwecanusethisspace.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?SectionBDirections:InsectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedthreequestionsoneachofthepassagesandfourquestionsontheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Asaresultofrisinguniversitycosts,manystudentsarefindingitnecessarytotakeonparttimejobs.Tomakefindingthosejobseasier,theplacementservicesputtogetheralistingofwhat'savailablelocally.Forsomestudents,thesepart-timejobscouldleadtofulltimeworkaftergraduation,astheymayofferexperienceintheirownfields,whetheritisfinance,marketingorevenmanagement.Forexample,NationalSavingBankoffersajobonahalftimebasis.That'stwentyhoursaweek.Storesandrestaurantshavepositionsrequiringfewerhours.Evenlesstimeisexpectedofthoseprovidingchild-care.Wehaveanumberoffamiliesregisteredwithuswhowerelookingforbabysittersforasfewas4hoursaweek.Forstudentswhopreferoutdoorwork,thereareseasonalpositionsrightoncampus,workingwiththegardeningandlandscapingteams.Theseoftenrequirethemosttimeandaretheleastflexibleintermsofscheduling.Toseeacompletelistoftheseandotheravailablejobs,includingthesalaryofferedandthehoursrequired,stopbyouroffice.Oh,andbesuretobringaresumewithyou.Whenyoufindsomethingthatinterestsyou,we'llputyouintouchwiththepersonofferingit.Inaddition,ourcounselorswillgiveyouhintsaboutsuccessfulinterviewing.(Nowlistenagain.)Questions:Whichofthefollowingpositionrequiresthefewestworkinghours?Whatwillthecounselorsattheofficehelpstudentsdo?Whatisthepurposeofthespeech?Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.InSeptember,theU.S.scientificsatelliteMAVENenteredanorbitaroundMars,withthemissionoflearningwhathappenedontheRedPlanet'satmosphereandwater.MAVEN'sprincipalinvestigatorBruceJakoskysaysscientistsnowknowthatMarsoncehadamuchdenseratmosphereandthatithaschangedsignificantlyoverthelastfewbillionyears.Whattheystilldon'tknowishowandwhythathappened.Scientistshavebeenexperimentingwithfour-leggedrobotsforyears,tryingtoseeiftheycouldbeusedaspackanimalsforcarryingheavyloadsoveradifficultterrain.Butthemachine'spowerrequirementslimitedtheirpotential.That'schanged,witharunningrobotdesignedbyagroupofengineersatMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologythatoperatesonbatteriesratherthanheavygasoline-poweredengines.PeopleoftenblameHollywoodmovies,U.S.televisionshowsandfastfoodforspreadingAmericanculturearoundtheworld.Butacollegeentranceexam?SomepeoplearecriticizingplannedchangestotheScholasticAptitudeTest,orSAT,asanattempttospreadAmericanvaluestostudentsoverseas.Since2016,theSAThasrequiredtest-takerstoreadfrompartsoftheU.S.Constitution,theDeclarationofIndependenceorotherhistoricaldocuments.(Nowlistenagain.)Questions:WhywasscientificsatelliteMAVENsenttospace?Whatisscientists'latestresearchonrobots?WhatistheSATaccusedof?Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.M:Hi,Catherine.Comeonin.W:Uh,yeah,Istoppedbytoseeifyouwerestilllookingforaroommatetoshareyourhouse.M:Yep,Isuream.EversinceIreduceonmyworkinghourstogotoschool,Ihavebeenreallyshortoncash.Hey,letmeshowyouaroundtheplace.Uh,here'sthelivingroom.W:Oh,Itlookslikeyoucoulduseanewcarpet...andthosestains?M:Well.I'vehadafewproblemswithsomeformerroommates.Iknowitneedstobecleaned,butIjustdon'thavethemoneytodoitrightnow.W:Oh.Andwhataboutthekitchen?M:Rightthisway.Look.It'scompletelyfurnishedwithallthelatestappliances,except.Well,therefrigeratordoorisbroken.alittlebit.anditwon'tshutalltheway.Itneedsfixing,butdon'tworry.I'vepushedaboxagainstittokeepitshut.W:Hmm.Great.Well,howaboutthebathroom?No,no.Don'ttellme.Thetoiletisblockedorthesinkhasafewleaks.M:No,thoseworkwell.Well,there'sanotherslightproblem—thewindows.I'veputupapieceofcardboardtokeepouttherainandsnow,andifitgetsalittlecold,youcanalwaysturnuptheheat.W:Hey,IthinkI'vese