《國際結算（英文）》Chapter11 Examination of Documents under Letter of Credit

InternationalSettlementChapter11

ExaminationofDocumentsunderLetterofCredit

Chapter11ExaminationofDocumentsunderLetterofCredit

11.1ChecklistforExaminationofDocuments11.2DocumentsExaminationPrincipalandMethod11.3HandlingofDocumentsbyBanks11.4CommonDiscrepanciesofMainDocuments11.5InternationalStandardBankingPractice2022/11/1411.1ChecklistforExaminationofDocuments1.ChecklistforCoveringLetter Whenitcomestocoveringletter,thebankreceivingit,normallytheimporter’sbank,hastomakesurethat:itisaddressedtohim;ithasacurrentdate;itrelatestotheCreditnumberreferenced;thedocumentsenumeratedareattached;thevalueofthedocumentsandthevaluementionedinthecoveringletterarethesame;thebankremittingthedocumentsisactingasaPaying,Accepting,Negotiating,orRemittingBank,thepaymentinstructionsareclearandunderstood;whetheranydiscrepancyhavebeennotedandwhetherpayment,acceptance,ornegotiationwaseffectedagainstanindemnityorunderreserve.2022/11/142.ChecklistforLetterofCredit Forletterofcredit,thebankwhoreceivesit,normallytheexporter’sbank,hastoensurethat:itiseffective(withintheexpirydate);availableamountundercreditissufficient;requireddocumentsundercredithavebeenpresented;noquestionableamendmentorpreviousdrawing.2022/11/143.ChecklistforDraftFordraft,thebankhastoensurethat: ThedraftbearsthecorrectDocumentaryCreditreferencenumber;ithasacurrentdate; Thesignatureand/ornameofthedrawercorrespondstothenameofthebeneficiary;Thedraftisdrawnonthepartystatedinthecreditanddrawnbythebeneficiary;thedraftunderL/Cisnotdrawnontheapplicant;thenameofpayeeisidentified;2022/11/14 Theamountinwordsmustaccuratelyreflecttheamountinfigures,andindicatethecurrencyasstatedinthecredit;theamountmustagreewiththatoftheinvoice;theamountdrawndoesnotexceedthebalanceavailableintheCredit; Thetenorisaccordancewiththetermsofthecredit;ifadraftisdrawnatatenorotherthanatsight,orotherthanacertainperiodaftersight,itmustbepossibletoestablishthematuritydatefromthedatesinthedraftitself. Ifitrequiredanendorsement,itisproperlyendorsed;thereisnorestrictedendorsement;itcontainsanynecessaryclausesasrequiredbytheCredit;itisnotdrawn"withoutresource"unlessauthorizedbytheCredit.2022/11/144.ChecklistforInvoiceWhenitcomestoinvoice,thebankhastomakesurethat: Itisissuedbythebeneficiary,unlessotherwisestipulatedintheCredit;itismadeoutinthenameoftheapplicant; Theinvoiceisnottitled"Proforma"or"provisional"invoiceorthelike; Thedescriptionofthegoods,servicesorperformanceintheinvoiceiscorrespondwiththedescriptionintheCredit;2022/11/14 Aninvoiceevidencethevalueofthegoodsshippedorservicesorperformanceprovided; Thequantityofmerchandise,weightsandmeasurementsshownontheinvoicedonotconflictwiththesamequantitiesappearingonotherdocuments; Ifpartialrequirementisnotallowed,aninvoicecoveringthecompleteshipmentshouldbesigned,notarized,legalized,certified,etcasrequiredbytheCredit;theinformationrelativetoshipment,packing,weight,freightcharges,orotherrelatedchargesshouldcorrespondwiththatappearingontheotherdocument;thecorrectnumberoforiginal(s)andcopy(ies)ispresented.2022/11/145.ChecklistforTransportDocumentsTransportdocumentshowstherightandobligationofpartiesrelatedwithgoods.Fortransportdocuments,thebankhastoensurethat:

thefullsetoforiginalsissuedispresentedunlessotherwisestipulatedinthecredit; itisnotacharterpartytransportdocumentunlessauthorizedintheCredit;thenameofconsigneeisasrequiredintheCredit; ifthetransportdocumentrequiresanendorsement,itisappropriatelyendorsed;itbearsthenameoftheshipperorhisagent;2022/11/14 thenameandaddress,ifany,ofthenotifyingpartyisasrequiredintheCredit; thedescriptionofthegoodsgenerallycorrespondstothedescriptionofthegoodsasstatedintheCredit; marksandnumbersaswellasotherspecifications,areidenticaltothoseappearingontheotherdocuments;theindicationof"freightprepaid"or"freighttocollect"asrequiredbythetermsoftheCredit; therearenoclausesonthetransportdocumentthatrenderit"foul"or"unclean";allotherconditionsstipulatedintheappropriatetransportArticlesofUCP600arecompliedwith.2022/11/146.ChecklistforInsuranceDocuments Whenitcomestoinsurancedocuments,thebankhastoensurethat: thepolicy/certificate/declarationasrequiredbytheCreditispresented; thefullsetoforiginalinsurancedocumentissuedmustbepresented; itisissuedandsignedbytheinsurancecompanyorunderwriterortheiragents; thedateofinsuranceordatefromwhichcoveriseffectiveisatlatestfromthedateofloadingonboardordispatchortakinginchargeasthecasemaybe;2022/11/14 thevalueofgoodsinsuredisasrequiredbytheCreditorasdefinedinUCP600Sub-Article28(f);itisinsuredinthesamecurrencyastheCredit,unlessotherwiseallowedintheCredit; thedescriptionofthegoodsoninsurancedocumentsgenerallycorrespondstothedescriptionofgoodsasstatedintheinvoice; itcoversmerchandisefromtheportofloadingorpointoftakinginchargetoportofdischargeorpointofdelivery; itcoversthespecifiedrisksasstatedintheCreditandthattherisksareclearlydefined; themarksandnumbers,etc.correspondwiththoseofthetransportdocuments;2022/11/14iftheinsuredisotherthantheconfirmingbank,issuingbank,orbuyer,itbearstheappropriateendorsement; allotherinformationappearingonthedocumentisconsistentwiththatoftheotherdocuments; ifanyalterationisnotedinthedocument,itisproperlyauthenticated.2022/11/147.ChecklistforOtherDocuments

(1)CertificateofOrigin(2)PackingListandWeightList(3)InspectionCertificate(4)CustomsInvoice(5)ConsularInvoice2022/11/1411.2DocumentsExaminationPrincipalandMethod1.Principalofdocumentexamination Inexaminationofdocument,therearetwokindsofcompliance:strictcomplianceandsubstantialcompliance.(1)Doctrineofstrictcompliancemeansthattheword,letterbetweendocumentsandletterorcreditandamongdocumentmustbeexactlythesame,evenspellingmistakeisnotallowed,whichisunabletoreachinpractice.(2)Principleofsubstantialcompliancereferstothatdifferencenotconstitutingsubstantialbreachwithtermsonletterofcreditisallowed,whichismorepractical..2022/11/142.Methodofdocumentexamination(1)Checkmemorecordsthetraceofdocuments,itbeginswhenrelevantdocumentsarereleasedbybeneficiaryandendswhendocumentsaresubmittedtotheissuingbank.Inpractice,thecheckmemoisusuallyputontherightside,documentsareinthemiddleandtheletterofcreditisinthelefttofacilitatetheprocessofexamination.2022/11/14(2) Examinationlaterallymeansthateachcontentsinletterofcreditshouldbeverifiedwiththatofrelevantdocuments. Ifanyamendmentisfoundinletterofcredit,firstofall,theverifiershouldcheckoutwhetherornotthebeneficiaryaccepttheamendment,andthencheckrelevantdocumentsastheamendedclauses. Theverifiershouldgothoughtheletterofcreditfrombeginningtoend.Whereitreferstoacertaindocument,theverifiershouldchecktherelevantinformationontheletterofcreditwiththatofthedocumentscarefullyandmakesuretheymatcheachother.Discrepancyshouldberecordedinthecheckmemoimmediatelyandrespectivelyifanydiscrepancyisfound.2022/11/14(3) Examinationlongitudinallyistheexaminationamongdocuments.Thepurposeforexaminationlongitudinallyistomakesuretherearenodiscrepanciesamongdocuments.Whenexaminingdocumentslongitudinally,theverifiershouldfocusoncommercialinvoiceandcheckthecommercialinvoicewithotherdocumentsonebyone.Theverifiershouldgothroughallthedocuments,andthenverifythemwiththecorrespondingcontentsofthecommercialinvoice.Afterverifyingcommercialinvoiceandotherdocuments,itmustbekeptinmindtoverifybillofladingandinsurancepolicy.2022/11/142022/11/143.InstanceforDocumentsExamination Step1:Acknowledgmentofdocuments.

Thenominatedbankinexporter’scountryshouldacknowledgereceipttheletterofcreditandallsetofdocumentsthatsubmittedbyexporter.Itshouldfirstcheckthatwhetherdocumentsareinduetypesandduecopies,theapplicantindicatesthereceivingdateandthenexaminethedocumentinduetime.Whensubmittingdocuments,theexporternormallyhastofillinachecklistforacknowledgeddocumentsinduplicate,andthebankacknowledgesreceiptthedocumentsaccordingtothechecklist.2022/11/14Step2:examinethedocuments.(1)listalldocumentsinafixedsequence.(2)examinethedocumentslaterallyandlongitudinallyincomprehensiveanddetailedmanner,recordthefoundproblem,discrepanciesandhandlesuggestionsontheworksheetandinformtheexporteroftheinformationonworksheet.(3)makenotationsonthebackofletterofcredit.Thedate,totalamount,remainingsumandthebank’snameshouldbeindicated.2022/11/14 Step3:calculatefeesandcommissions.Countthereceivablefeesandcommissionsasstipulatedtermsandratios. Step4:makeoutanegotiationadviceandsenddocuments.Thenominatedbankshouldsendallsetofdocumentstoissuingbank.Fornegotiatingbank,aftercompletingtheexamination,ifthedocumentsareasrequired,ithastonegotiatethedocuments.2022/11/144.PresentationofDocumentTherearetwicepresentationsofdocumentsunderletterofcredit.a.Beneficiarysubmitsthedocumenttonominatedbank,b.Nominatedbanksubmitsdocumentstoconfirmingbankorissuingbank.(1)Effectivedateforpresentation Allcreditsmustsetupaeffectivedateandplaceforpresentation.Iftheeffectiveplaceforpresentationisinexporter’slocation,thenbeneficiarycanpresentthedocumentsonthelastdayofeffectivedateatthelastminuteofbank’soperationhours,2022/11/14(2)Lastdayforpresentation

Underletterofcredit,therearethreeeffectivedates. Thefirstoneisthetenorforbeneficiarypresentingdocumentstobank,thesecondisatenoraftershippingdateontransportdocument,withinwhichbeneficiaryshouldpresentthefullsetofdocumentsincludingtransportdocuments.(3)Effectiveplaceforpresentation

Effectiveplaceforpresentationislinkedcloselytopresentingperiod.Duetotimedifference,presentingperiodcanbedeterminedonlywhenplaceforpresentationisfixed.2022/11/14

(4)Thetransferofriskindeliveryofdocument

Whennominatedbankexaminesthedocumentssubmittedbybeneficiaryandacceptsornegotiatesletterofcredit,ifdocumentsarelostwhendelivering,theriskistakenbybeneficiarybeforenegotiationbutbyissuingbankafternegotiation.2022/11/14(5)BeneficiarypresentsdocumentstoissuingbankdirectlyBeneficiarypresentsdocumentstoissuingbankdirectlymayoccurinfollowingsituations: ①theletterofcreditisastraightletterofcredit; ②theletterofcreditisafreelynegotiableoneandbeneficiarycannotorunwillingtogotonegotiationbank; ③amountofletterofcreditisgreat.Ifbeneficiarypresentsdocumentstoissuingbankdirectly,hehastotaketheriskoflosingdocumenthimself,andifsomethinghappentodocument,beneficiarycannotmakeanyamendmenttodocument.2022/11/1411.3HandlingofDocumentsbyBanks1HandlingofDiscrepantDocumentsbyNominatedBank Ifthebeneficiarysubmitsaunqualifieddocuments,thenominatedbankcanhandleitwithoneofthefollowingways:

1).ReturnallthedocumentstothepresenterforcorrectionandresubmissionwithinthevalidityoftheCreditandwithinthelatestdateforpresentation.

2).Returnjustthediscrepantdocumentasinaboveandsafe-keeptheremainingdocumentsfortheaccountofandonbehalfofthepresenter.

3).Uponauthorizationbythepresenter,forwardthediscrepantdocumentson"anapproval"basistotheIssuingBankforreviewandapproval.2022/11/14

4).ReturnallthedocumentstothepresenterfordirectactionbyhimtoremitdocumentstotheIssuingBank.

5).Ifauthorizedbythepresenter,cable,telex,ortelecommunicatewiththeIssuingBankforauthoritytopay,accept,ornegotiateagainstsuchdiscrepantdocuments.

6).Callforanindemnityfromthebeneficiarythatundertakingofanypayment,acceptance,ornegotiationmade,willberefundedbythepartygivingsuchIndemnitytogetherwithinterestandrelatedcharges,iftheIssuingBankrefusestoprovidereimbursement.

2022/11/147).BasedonpracticalexperienceandwiththeagreementoftheBeneficiary,pay,accept,ornegotiate“underreserve”,i.e.ThebankretainstherightofrecourseagainsttheBeneficiaryiftheIssuingBankrefusestoprovidereimbursementagainstdocumentsthatdonotmeettheCreditrequirements.

8).Remittanceofdocumentsforcollection.ItmeansthatitisnotsubjecttoUCP600buttoURC522,inthiscase,issuingbankbecomescollectingbank,whetheritpaysornotdependsontheapplicant.2022/11/142022/11/142ExaminationofDocumentsbyIssuingBank

Issuingbankmustexaminedocumentsonthebasisofthestandardforexaminationofdocuments: a.Theissuingbankmustexamineapresentationtodetermine,onthebasisofthedocumentsalone,whetherornotthedocumentsappearontheirfacetoconstituteacomplyingpresentation. b.Theissuingbankshallhaveamaximumoffivebankingdaysfollowingthedayofpresentationtodetermineifapresentationiscomplying. c.Apresentationincludingoneormoreoriginaltransportdocumentsmustbemadebyoronbehalfofthebeneficiarynotlaterthan21calendardaysafterthedateofshipment,butinanyeventnotlaterthantheexpirydateofthecredit.2022/11/14 d.Datainadocumentneednotbeidenticalto,butmustnotconflictwiththecredit,thedocumentitselfandinternationalstandardbankingpractice. e.Indocumentsotherthanthecommercialinvoice,thedescriptionofthegoodsmaybeingeneraltermsnotconflictingwiththedescriptionsinthecredit. f.Ifacreditrequirespresentationofadocumentotherthanatransportdocument,insurancedocumentorcommercialinvoice,withoutstipulatingbywhomthedocumentistobeissuedoritsdatacontent,bankswillacceptthedocumentaspresented.2022/11/14

f.Ifacreditrequirespresentationofadocumentotherthanatransportdocument,insurancedocumentorcommercialinvoice,withoutstipulatingbywhomthedocumentistobeissuedoritsdatacontent,bankswillacceptthedocumentaspresented.g.Adocumentpresentedbutnotrequiredbythecreditwillbedisregardedandmaybereturnedtothepresenter. h.Adocumentmaybedatedpriortotheissuancedateofthecredit,butmustnotbedatedlaterthanitsdateofpresentation.2022/11/14 i.Whentheaddressesofthebeneficiaryandtheapplicantappearinanystipulateddocument,theyneednotbetothesameasthosestatedinthecreditorinanyotherstipulateddocument,butmustbewithinthesamecountryastherespectiveaddressesmentionedinthecredit.j.Theshipperorconsignorofthegoodsindicatedonanydocumentneednotbethebeneficiaryofthecredit. k.Atransportdocumentmaybeissuedbyanypartyotherthanacarrier,owner,masterorchartererprovidedthatthetransportdocumentmeetstherequirementsinUCP600.2022/11/142022/11/14

Ifdiscrepancyisfoundwhenexaminingdocuments,issuingbankcanturntoapplicantofletterofcreditforadvice. Ifapplicantagreestoacceptthediscrepancy,thenissuingbankcanpaytobeneficiaryaccordingtotheletterofcredit. Ifapplicantdoesnotacceptdiscrepancy,issuingbankcandeclinedocumentandsendanoticeofdishonor. DishonorofissuingbankshouldfollowsregulationsofUCP600.AccordingtoUCP600Article16,thedishonornoticemuststate:2022/11/14 A.thebankisrefusingtohonorornegotiate; B.eachdiscrepancyinrespectofwhichthebankrefusestohonorornegotiate; C.thebankisholdingthedocumentspendingfurtherinstructionsfromthepresenter; D.theissuingbankisholdingthedocumentsuntilitreceivesawaiverfromtheapplicantandagreestoacceptit,orreceivesfurtherinstructionsfromthepresenterpriortoagreeingtoacceptawaiver; E.thebankisreturningthedocuments; F.thebankisactinginaccordancewithinstructionspreviouslyreceivedfromthepresenter.2022/11/1411.4CommonDiscrepanciesofMainDocuments1CommonDiscrepanciesofLetterofCreditThecommondiscrepanciesofletterofcreditareasfollows:1).Thecreditisexpired;2).Theamountofcreditisinsufficienttoaffordpaymentforgoods;3).Theamendedcreditisnotattachedwithfullsetofamendmentletter(修改書);4).Thenameofgoodsandunitpriceonthecreditisincorrect;2022/11/145).ThetermsofpriceisCIForCFR,whilethedestinationportisalandlockedcountrywithoutseaport;6).Thenameand/oraddressofbeneficiaryarenotdetailed;7).Theclausesofcreditarecontradictorywithoneanother.Forinstance,thetermofpriceisCFRbutfreightiscollected;Thewayoftransportisairwaybutinsuranceclauseiscoveringoceanrisk;Theamountthatquantitymultipliedbyunitpriceisnotthesamewithamountofcredit;thepricetermisCIFbutinsurancedocumentisnotrequiredetc.8).Thesignatureortestkeyisunmatched;2022/11/149).Thewordsandfiguresofcreditamountdiffer;10).Therequireddocumentsofcreditisunreasonable,e.g.therequirementssuchascategories,copies,endorsementconditionsaretoodifficultforexportertomeetoragainstwithinternationalpracticeandrelevantinternationallaw;11).Whencredithasbeenfulltransferred,thefirstbeneficiaryisrequestedforsubmittingdocumentitself,whileitshouldbethesecondbeneficiarytosubmitdocuments;12).Whencredithasbeenparttransferred,thefirstbeneficiaryarbitrarilyaskstosubmitdocumentsitselfbeforeexchangingdocumentswiththesecondbeneficiary.2022/11/142CommonDiscrepanciesofDraftThecommondiscrepanciesofdraftareasfollows:1).Draftispresentedafterexpiringdate;2).Draftispayableonanindeterminabledate;3).Tenorofdraftisnotasshownoncredit;4).Draftisnotdrawnbybeneficiaryofcredit;5).Draftisnotdrawnonbankofpartyspecifiedoncreditoronthewrongparty;6).Draftisnotdrawnonthespecifiedcurrency;2022/11/147).Draftisnotendorsedbypayee;8).Thesignatureofdrawerismissing;9).Draftisdrawnforanamountdisproportionatetotheamountofthecredit;10).Theamountshownontheinvoiceandbillofexchangediffer.11).Requiredinterestclauseismissing;12).Drawnclauseismissing;13).Letterofcreditnumberisabsentorincorrect;2022/11/143CommonDiscrepanciesofCommercialInvoiceThecommondiscrepanciesofcommercialinvoiceareasfollows:1).Thecommercialinvoiceisnotissuedbybeneficiary;2).Thecommercialinvoiceisdatedlaterthanexpirydate;3). Merchandisedescriptiononinvoiceisnotidenticalwiththatoncredit: A.descriptionofgoodsoninvoicedifferfromthatinthecredit;2022/11/14B.marksandnumberarenotconsistentwithbillofladingandotherdocuments; C.weightsontheinvoicedifferfromthoseshowninotherdocuments; D.grossweightisshownasnetweightwhennotexpresslypermittedbycreditterms; E.quantityofgoodsisnotwithinpermittedleeway.

4).Totalamountofmoneyoninvoiceexceedsorisnotwithinpermittedleeway;5).Theamountsshownontheinvoiceanddraftdiffer;6).Theinvoiceisnotvisaedwhenrequiredbycredit;7).Thesubmittedinvoicesareinsufficientincopies;2022/11/148.Theinvoiceismadewithpartialshipmentswhenpartialshipmentisforbiddenbycredit;9）.Pricetermininvoiceisnotasspecifiedinthecredit;10）.Thereisnobreakdownofchargeswhenrequiredbythecredit;11）.Referencenumberoninvoiceisnotinaccordancewithcredit;12）.Invoiceisnotmadeouttoapplicant’snameasshowincredit.2022/11/144CommonDiscrepanciesofBillofLadingThecommondiscrepanciesofbillofladingareasfollows:1）.Fouloruncleanbillsofladingarepresented;2）.Undertheseatransportation,inlandwaterwaytransportdocumentsarepresentedinsteadofoceanbillsoflading;3）.Notifypartyonbillofladingdiffersfromthatoncreditorconsignee’snameisnotasshownincredit;4）.Thereisnoevidenceofgoodsactually“shippedonboard”or“Onboard”notationisnotdatedordatedafterlatestshipmentdateoncredit;2022/11/145）.Descriptionofgoodsisnotconsistentwithcredit;6）.Shippingdocumentsisnotpresentedbeforetheexpirydate;7）.Billofladingisendorsedincorrectly;8）.Charterpartybillofladingisusewhichbreaksthestipulationofcredit;9）.Portofloadingandportofdischargeonbillofladingisnotaspercredit;10）.Billofladingdoesnotevidencewhetherfreightispaidornot;2022/11/1411）.“Ondeck”notationisonbilloflading;12）.Transshipmentiseffectedwhenforbiddenbycredit;13）.Absenceof“freightprepaid”statementonbillofladingwherethecreditcallforCIForCFRshipment;14）.NonefullestofbillofladingpresentedwhenrequiredbyL/C;15）.Billofladingmadeouttoorderwherecreditstipulates“straight”billoflading;16）.Endorsementismissingwhenrequiredbycredit;17）.No“onboard”dateonthereceivedforshipmentbillofladingpresented;2022/11/145CommonDiscrepanciesofInsurancePolicyThecommondiscrepanciesofinsurancepolicyareasfollows:1）.ThetypeofinsurancedocumentpresentedisnotasrequiredbyL/C;2）.InsurancecoverexpressedinamountandcurrencyotherthanthatofL/C;3）.Underinsured;4）.GoodsdescriptionconflictswiththeL/C;5）.InsuranceriskscoveredlessthanthosespecifiedintheL/C;6）.PortofladingordischargenotasshownontheL/C;2022/11/147）.Insurancedocumentdatedlaterthanshippedonboarddate;8）.Insurancedocumentendorsedincorrectly;9）.Endorsementmissing,whenpolicyispayabletotheorderofthebeneficiary;10）.TowhominsurancepolicyorcertificatemadeoutdiffersfromwhereasL/Cstipulates;11）.Marksandnumbersareunconformabletothoseonbilloflading;12）.FullsetsofinsurancedocumentsnotpresentedwhenrequiredbyL/C;13）.Correctionsintheinsurancedocumentsarenotauthenticated.2022/11/146CommonDiscrepanciesofotherdocumentsCertificateofOrigin1）.Nameofcommodityoncertificateoforigindiffersfromthatinthecredit;2）.Certificateoforiginnotsigned;3）.Fullsetofcertificateoforiginnotpresented;4）.Maker’snamenotshown;5）.Certificateoforigindatedlaterthanexpirydateinthecredit;2022/11/14CustomsInvoice1）.Thename,marks,codeofgoodsdiffersfromthatonthecredit;2）.ThecountryorregionoforigindiffersfromL/C;3）.Thenameand/oraddressofexporterand/orimporterdifferfromL/C;4）.Specialclauseisnotlistedasthecreditrequired;5）.Relevantitemsongoodsdescriptiondifferfromthatoncommercialinvoice2022/11/14Packinglist1）.Theweight,volume,number,nameofgoodsdifferfromthatonotherdocuments;2）.Packingmethodsdiffersfromthatofcommercialinvoice;Weightlist1）.Irregularshippingmarks;2）.Notindicatetheweightofeachpacking;3）.Notcomplywiththespecificconditionsenumeratedinotherdocuments;2022/11/14Inspectioncertificates1）.Thepresentationisnottherequiredinspectioncertification;2）.Issuerdiffersfromthestipulationonthecredit;3）.Thelistedcontentdiffersfromthatofotherdocuments;2022/11/14Otherdiscrepancies1）.Documentsnotdisposedofasspecifiedbythecredit;2）.Absenceofdocumentscalledforunderthecredit;3）.AbsenceofsignaturesondocumentswhenrequiredbyL/C;4）.Marksandnumbersdifferbetweendocuments;5）.Creditamountexceeded;6）.Irregularityofshippingschedule.2022/11/1411.5InternationalStandardBankingPractice ISBPhas200articlesandinvolving11aspectsofusingpractice.Nowtakingpartofcontentsasfollows:1.Explanationaboutcomplianceofdocumentswiththetermsoflettersofcredit ISBP681article6:Theuseofgenerallyacceptedabbreviations,forexample“Ltd.”insteadof“Limited”,“Co.”insteadof“Company”,“kgs”or“kos.”insteadof“kilos”,“Ind”insteadof“Industry”,“mfr”insteadof“manufacturer”or“mt”insteadof“metrictons”–orviceversa–doesnotmakeadocumentdiscrepant.Theabbreviationmustbegenerallyaccepted.2022/11/14 2.Explanationaboutdateofdocument ISBP681article14:Anydocument,includingacertificateofanalysis,inspectioncertificateandpre-shipmentinspectioncertificate,maybedatedafterthedateofshipment.Arequirementforan“inspectioncertificate”doesnotconstitutearequirementtoevidenceapre-shipmentevent.Documentsmustnotindicatethattheywereissuedafterthedatetheyarepresented.ISBP681article18:Datesmaybeexpresse