考研考博-英語(yǔ)-三峽電力職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-三峽電力職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Thereareseveralpossibleexplanationsforthegreatjob（

）inJapanincontrasttothegreatjobmobilityintheUnitedStates.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.creativity

B.security

C.credibility

D.stability

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析題。creativity創(chuàng)造性；security安全性；credibility確實(shí)性；stability穩(wěn)定性。

句意：與美國(guó)巨大的工作流動(dòng)性相比，日本的工作穩(wěn)定性高是有一些合理的解釋的。根據(jù)下文的mobility可推測(cè)，兩者形成對(duì)比，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

2.單選題

Itisdevelopingaservicethatwillletyoucreateallonlineidentitythatcan（

）variousclaimsthatitwillbackup.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.plunge

B.assert

C.exert

D.insert

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)plunge“驟降；陷入”；B選項(xiàng)assert“維護(hù)，堅(jiān)持；斷言”；C選項(xiàng)exert“運(yùn)用，發(fā)揮”；D選項(xiàng)insert“插入；嵌入”。句意：它正在開發(fā)一項(xiàng)服務(wù)，可以讓你創(chuàng)建所有的在線身份，可以……各種聲明并將備份。由句意可知B選項(xiàng)更符合。

3.單選題

Manyinthebusinessworldacceptthatthesuccessofacommercialventureheavilydependentonthepeopleworkingwithinit.Peopleare（1）makeabusinesssuccessful,whetheritisthelowestpaidemployeeswithintheorganizationor（2）management.Engagedemployeesareusuallyhappyemployeeswhoaremore（3）astheyhaveanaturalandgenuineinterestinthe（4）oftheorganization.

Staffbecomesengagedbecauseofanumberofissuesanditisessentialthatbusinessownersandmanagers（5）theseemotions.However,thefirstpartofensuringthatpeopleareconnectedwithacommongoalistogetrecruitment

（6）.Recruitingshouldincludeanumberofquestions（7）atgettinganunderstandingofaperson'smotivationsanddesires.Oncerecruited,communicationiskeytoensuringthatlevelsofengagementdonotwane.Forinstance,changeisoften（8）withworkers.Howevertheyarefarmorelikelyto（9）intochangewhenthereasonsforitandthepotentialbenefitsareclearlylaidout.

Instillingasenseofprideandpassioninabrand,productorethosisvitalin（10）engagedemployees.Ifpeopleenjoywhattheydoandfeelempoweredtoshapethedirectionofacompany,theyarefarmorelikelytoproducebetterresultsandworktothebestoftheirability.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.who

B.how

C.that

D.what

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.senior

B.chief

C.high

D.tall

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.productive

B.effective

C.valid

D.available

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.estates

B.assets

C.fortunes

D.possessions

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.apply

B.utilize

C.execute

D.hire

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.well

B.over

C.right

D.up

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.aimed

B.focused

C.intended

D.engaged

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.addictive

B.unpopular

C.satisfying

D.rewarding

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.shift

B.fall

C.buy

D.revolve

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.bearing

B.raising

C.feeding

D.delivering

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:C

第7題:A

第8題:B

第9題:A

第10題:B

【解析】第1題:考查連詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知“（）makeabusinesssuccessful”為表語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，排除how與that，再根據(jù)句意“人是使企業(yè)成功的關(guān)鍵”，因此用what引導(dǎo)表示從句并在句中做主語(yǔ)。

第2題:考查上下文語(yǔ)義。or表示并列關(guān)系，由前面的thelowestpaidemployeeswithintheorganization（組織內(nèi)薪酬最低的員工）可知此處對(duì)應(yīng)的是“高級(jí)管理層”，因此選A。

第3題:考查形容詞辨析。productive意為“多產(chǎn)的”；effective意為“有效的”；valid意為“有根據(jù)的，有效的”；available意為“可獲得的”。此處表示有參與感的員工通常是多產(chǎn)的。

第4題:考查名詞辨析。estate意為“財(cái)產(chǎn)，遺產(chǎn)”；asset意為“資產(chǎn)，財(cái)產(chǎn)”；fortune意為“命運(yùn)”；possession意為“擁有”。此處表示關(guān)注組織的命運(yùn)。

第5題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。apply意為“應(yīng)用，運(yùn)用”；utilize意為“利用，使用”；execute意為“執(zhí)行”；hire意為“聘用”。此處表示企業(yè)主和管理者必須利用這些情緒。

第6題:考查副詞辨析。well意為“相當(dāng)，大大地”；over意為“穿過(guò)，落下”；right意為“合理地，正確地”；up意為“向上，在上面”；getrecruitment意為“招聘”，后面的內(nèi)容提到如何招聘，可推測(cè)此處指正確地招聘，因此選C。

第7題:考查固定搭配。aimat意為“旨在，目標(biāo)在于”。此句表示招聘應(yīng)包括一些問(wèn)題旨在了解一個(gè)人的動(dòng)機(jī)和愿望。

第8題:考查上下文語(yǔ)義。beunpopularwith意為“不受歡迎”，此處表示改變往往不受員工歡迎。

第9題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。shift意為“改變”；fall意為“落下”；buy意為“購(gòu)買”；revolve意為“旋轉(zhuǎn)，環(huán)繞”。此處表示當(dāng)明確說(shuō)明其原因和潛在利益時(shí)，他們更有可能發(fā)生改變。

第10題:考查上下文語(yǔ)義。bear意為“忍受”；raise意為“增加，提高”；feed意為“喂養(yǎng)”；deliver意為“發(fā)表，遞送”。由后面的producebetterresultsandworktothebestoftheirability（獲得更好的結(jié)果，并能最大限度地發(fā)揮他們的能力）可推測(cè)前面指提高員工的參與度，因此選B。

4.單選題

Tohisinquiryifshewerehurt,shemadesomeincoherentreply（）shedidnotknow.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tothepointthat

B.totheeffectthat

C.totheextentthat

D.tothesensethat

【答案】B

【解析】考查短語(yǔ)辨析。A選項(xiàng)tothepointthat“到….程度”；B選項(xiàng)totheeffectthat“大意是，意思是”；C選項(xiàng)totheextentthat“達(dá)到…的程度以致；就…來(lái)說(shuō)”；D選項(xiàng)tothesensethat沒(méi)有這種表達(dá)。句意：對(duì)于他問(wèn)她是否受傷了，她給出了一些語(yǔ)無(wú)倫次地回答，大意是她不知道。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

5.單選題

Thevisitingprofessorwasso（）inhisfieldthatmanyofourfacultymembersbecamenervousinhispresence.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.imminent

B.eminent

C.precedent

D.prudent

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)imminent“即將來(lái)臨的，迫近的”，B項(xiàng)eminent“杰出的，有名的”，C項(xiàng)precedent“在前的，在先的”，D項(xiàng)prudent“謹(jǐn)慎的，精明的”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞visitingprofessor（客座教授）可知，空格部分應(yīng)該修飾人，A、C選項(xiàng)排除；根據(jù)后面的從句manyofourfacultymembersbecamenervousinhispresence（許多教員一見到他就緊張起來(lái)）可知，D項(xiàng)不太符合句意，故B項(xiàng)正確。句意：這位客座教授在他的領(lǐng)域內(nèi)是如此的杰出，以至于我們的許多教員一見到他就緊張起來(lái)。故該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Manynovelsthatattempttomirrortheworldarereally（

）oftherealitythatthey

represent.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.reflections

B.demonstrations

C.illuminations

D.reproductions

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。reflection“反映”；demonstration“示范”；illumination“照明”；reproduction“繁殖”。句意：許多試圖向世界反映現(xiàn)實(shí)的小說(shuō)，都反映了他們所代表的現(xiàn)實(shí)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

7.單選題

Thisweektentopdesignerswill（

）theirautumncollectionsatthefashionfair.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.enhance

B.lubricate

C.hustle

D.unveil

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。enhance提高，增加；lubricate加潤(rùn)滑油，使?jié)櫥?；hustle推搡，硬擠；unveil揭去…的面罩。句意：這周十位頂級(jí)設(shè)計(jì)師將在時(shí)尚展上揭開她們秋季作品的面紗。D項(xiàng)符合句意，答案D

8.單選題

Afternewspaperreportsclaimedthecompanywasdumpingtoxicwasteillegally.Itcameunder（）fromtheauthorities.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.insult

B.solitude

C.nuisance

D.scrutiny

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)insult“侮辱”；B選項(xiàng)solitude“孤獨(dú)”；C選項(xiàng)nuisance“損害”；D選項(xiàng)scrutiny“詳細(xì)審查”。句意：在報(bào)紙報(bào)道這家公司非法傾倒有毒廢料之后，它受到了當(dāng)局的審查。本句表示公司受到審查。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

9.翻譯題

Putthefollowing3ChinesesentencesintoEnglishand3EnglishsentencesintoChinese.

事實(shí)上，與普通高校畢業(yè)生相比，名校畢業(yè)生由于享受更好的資源、受到更好的教育，所以他們也就更有創(chuàng)造力和生產(chǎn)力。而且，從知名高校畢業(yè)的學(xué)生會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己無(wú)論在心理上還是在學(xué)術(shù)上都更突出一些，因而也更加自信，這就形成了良性循環(huán)。

幾周以前，英國(guó)食品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)局(FSA)發(fā)表了一份報(bào)告。報(bào)告評(píng)估了有機(jī)生產(chǎn)的水果、蔬菜、肉類、蛋類和奶制品等與非有機(jī)生產(chǎn)的同類食品營(yíng)養(yǎng)水平的差異。這是一項(xiàng)完整而嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)难芯?。通過(guò)研究他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分上，有機(jī)和非有機(jī)食品間的差距可以忽略不計(jì)。

根據(jù)心理學(xué)家克里斯托弗?彼得森的觀點(diǎn)，自尊與幸福度和生活滿意度有關(guān)。我們尊心越強(qiáng)，幸福度和生活滿意度就越高。它要求我們對(duì)自己的自尊有清醒的認(rèn)識(shí)，但不要期待自己會(huì)十全十美。要原諒自己犯下的錯(cuò)誤，并盡快擺脫消極的態(tài)度。

Theobesityisanationalhealthcrisis,onethat—quiteliterally—weighsonusall.Itcostslives.Itcostsdollars.Andinthecontextofourcurrenthealth-reformdebateinWashington,it’stimewetookaction,asanationandasindividuals,toaddressthiscost.Whileinfectiousdiseasewasadisasterthreateningourgrandparents'generation,chronicdiseaseiskillingusandharmingourwell-being—andobesityistherootcause.Thegrowthinobesityisstronglylinkedtoheartdisease,hypertension,andtheexplosionofdiabetesthatourcountryiscurrentlyexperiencing.

Thecontextofleadershipischanging,andthehistoricalemphasisonhardpowerisbecomingoutdated.Inmoderncompaniesanddemocracies,powerisincreasinglydiffusedandtraditionalhierarchiesarebeingundermined,makingsoftpowerevermoreimportant.Butthatdoesnotmeancoercionshouldnowtakeabackseattopersuasion.Instead,thereshouldbeasynthesisofthesetwoviews.TheconclusionofThePowertoLead,stressesacombinationofhardandsoftpower,whichiscalledsmartpower,isthebestapproach.

ForEmilyDickinsontherearethreeworlds,andshelivedinallofthem,makingthemthesubstanceofeverythingthatshethoughtandwrote.Therewastheworldofnature,thethingsandthecreaturesthatshesaw,heard,feltabouther;therewasthe"estate"thatwastheworldoffriendship;andtherewastheworldoftheunseenandunheard.Fromheryouthshewaslookeduponasdifferent.Shewasdirect,impulsive,original,andthedrollwitwhosaidunconventionalthingswhichothersthoughtbutdarednotspeak,andsaidthemincomparablywell.Thecharacteristics,whichmadeherinscrutabletothosewhoknewher,continuetobewilderandsurprise,forshelivedbyparadoxes.

【答案】Asamatteroffact,thegraduatesfromeliteschoolsaremorecreativeandproductivethanthosefromcommonschools,asbetterresourcesandeducationareavailablefortheformer.Furthermore,whatcontributestothebetterdevelopmentisthatthegraduatesfromeliteschoolsaremoreconfident,becausetheyfindthemselvesoutstandingbothinmentalityandinacademy.

Afewweeksago,theFoodStandardsAgency(FSA)intheUKissuedareportevaluatingnutrientlevelsinorganicversusnon-organicfoodslikefruits,vegetables,meats,eggs,anddairyproducts.Itisacomplete,rigorouspieceofresearch.Andtheyfoundthat,intermsofnutritionalcontent,thedifferencesbetweenorganicandnon-organicfoodsarenegligible.

Thepsychologist,ChristopherPeterson,suggestthatself-esteemisrelatedtohappinessandlifesatisfaction.Thestrongertheself-esteemis,themorehappinessandlifesatisfactionyouwillachieve.Wearerequiredtohaveareasonableunderstandingthatself-esteemdoesnotmeanalwaysbeingperfectandweshouldforgiveourmistakesandgetridofthenegativeattitudeassoonaspossible.

肥胖是一場(chǎng)全國(guó)性的健康危機(jī)，并且毫不夸張地說(shuō)，它對(duì)我們大家都很重要。它危險(xiǎn)生命、消耗金錢。目前在華盛頓進(jìn)行的醫(yī)療改革談?wù)撝?，現(xiàn)在是我們作為一個(gè)國(guó)家和個(gè)人采取行動(dòng)解決這一問(wèn)題的時(shí)候了。雖然傳染病曾威脅我們祖父母一代，但慢性疾病正在折磨著我們，侵蝕著我們的幸福，而肥胖是根本原因。肥胖的增長(zhǎng)與我國(guó)目前正在經(jīng)歷的心臟病、高血壓和糖尿病的爆發(fā)密切相關(guān)。

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力發(fā)揮作用的環(huán)境正在發(fā)生改變，因此過(guò)去強(qiáng)調(diào)硬實(shí)力的理論正逐漸過(guò)時(shí)。在現(xiàn)代企業(yè)和民主國(guó)家，權(quán)力日益擴(kuò)散，傳統(tǒng)的等級(jí)制度正在受到破壞，使軟實(shí)力變得更加重要。但是那并不意味著高壓政治現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該讓位于勸導(dǎo)手段。相反，應(yīng)該綜合這兩種觀點(diǎn)?！额I(lǐng)導(dǎo)的力量》這本書的結(jié)論強(qiáng)調(diào)稱為巧實(shí)力的軟硬實(shí)力的結(jié)合才是最好的方法。

對(duì)艾米麗?狄金森來(lái)說(shuō)，存在三種世界，她生活在這三種世界之中，使它們成為她思想和寫作的材料。一種是自然的世界，為她所看、所聽、所感受到的事物和生物；一種是友情的世界，是屬于“個(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn)”；還有一種看不見、聽不見的世界。從她年輕的時(shí)候起，人們就認(rèn)為她與眾不同。她直率、沖動(dòng)、獨(dú)樹一幟。另外，她還是一位愛打趣的才女，是那種能說(shuō)出別人想說(shuō)去敢說(shuō)說(shuō)的不合常規(guī)的想法，而且說(shuō)得非常好。這些使她不為所知曉她的人所理解的性格特征繼續(xù)令人迷惑和驚訝，因?yàn)樗钤诿苤小?/p>

10.單選題

Wewereborntolovingparentswho（）theimportanceoffamilybonds,education,hardwork,andcommitmenttoothers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.attach

B.stress

C.stretch

D.ascribe

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。attach“使依附，貼上”；stress“強(qiáng)調(diào)；使緊張”；stretch“伸展，拉緊”；ascribe“歸因于；歸咎于”。句意：慈愛的父母將我們養(yǎng)育長(zhǎng)大，他們教給我們親情、教育、勤勉和恪守承諾。根據(jù)句意可知選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

11.翻譯題

Inacalmseaeverymanisapilot.Butallsunshinewithoutshade,allpleasurewithoutpain,isnotlifeatall.Evendeathitselfmakeslifemoreloving.Mencomeclosesttotheirtrueselvesinthesobermomentsoflife,undertheshadowsofsorrowandloss.Intheaffairsoflifeorofbusiness,itisnotintellectthattellssomuchascharacter,notbrainssomuchasheart,notgeniussomuchasself-control,patience,anddiscipline,regulatedbyjudgment.Ihavealwaysbelievedthatthemanwhohasbeguntolivemoreseriouslywithinbeginstolivemoresimplywithout.Inanageofextravaganceandwaste,IwishIcouldshowtotheworldhowfewtherealwantsofhumanityare.Toregretone'serrorstothepointofnotrepeatingthemistruerepentance.Thereisnothingnobleinbeingsuperiortosomeotherman.Thetruenobilityisinbeingsuperiortoyourpreviousself.

【答案】在風(fēng)平浪靜的大海上，每個(gè)人都是領(lǐng)航員。但只有陽(yáng)光沒(méi)有陰影，只有快樂(lè)沒(méi)有痛苦，這樣根本不是真正的生活。甚至死亡本身都使得生命更加可愛。在人生清醒的時(shí)刻，在悲傷與失落的陰影之下，人們與真實(shí)的自我最為接近。在生活和事業(yè)的種種事務(wù)之中，性格比才智更能指導(dǎo)我們，心靈比頭腦更能引導(dǎo)我們，而由判斷所控制的自制、耐心和紀(jì)律比天分更能讓我們受益。我一向認(rèn)為，內(nèi)心生活一開始就更為嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)娜?，他的外在生活也?huì)變得更為簡(jiǎn)樸。在物欲橫流的年代，但愿我能向世人表明，人類的真正需求是何其少。后悔自己的過(guò)錯(cuò)以致不重蹈覆轍才是真正的悔悟。優(yōu)于別人，并不高貴，真正的高貴應(yīng)該是優(yōu)于過(guò)去的自己。

12.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish

隨著年歲的增長(zhǎng)，精力日減，效率漸低，作風(fēng)漸延：激情有失，理智有增?？磥?lái)，這樣的互易不可能總是得失相當(dāng)?shù)?。但是，一定的年齡總有一定的長(zhǎng)處。因此，可以告慰的是，即使你已度過(guò)了部分盛年，在未來(lái)的經(jīng)歷中，依然會(huì)有另一種盛年期的出現(xiàn)。某些重要的盛年期似乎在人生后期才達(dá)到頂峰。

原始人一旦由于周圍的許多令人愉快的情景而第一次開口大笑了，又由于笑對(duì)周圍所產(chǎn)生的那些明顯的愉快的效果，笑就開始具有了人類社會(huì)所特有的價(jià)值。具有用爽朗的笑聲來(lái)傳播愉快能力的人，開始比他的較為嚴(yán)肅、古板的同事更能享受到社會(huì)的優(yōu)惠，從而使自己處于有利的地位。他成了個(gè)“善于交際的人”，在社交方面成了大家所推舉的人，受到社會(huì)的喜愛。

當(dāng)今的世界，即非絲綢之路的吋代，亦非馬可波羅(MarcoPolo)吋代。從上海去東京，只需兩個(gè)多小時(shí)。從中國(guó)區(qū)地球另一端的美國(guó)，也能在日歷的同一天到達(dá)。昔日遙遠(yuǎn)的地理距離，被現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)一下縮短到令人難以置信的程度。這是人類文明的共同成果。

【答案】Asweage,wetradestrengthforingenuity,speedforthoroughnessandpassionforreason.Theseexchangesmaynotalwaysseemfair,butateveryage,therearesomeadvantages.Soitisreassuringtonotethatevenifyou’vepassedsomeofyour“primes”,youstillhaveotherprimeyearstoexperienceinthefuture.Itseemsthatsomeprimeperiodwillreachitspeaklaterinourlife.

Oncetheprimitivemenburstoutlaughingforthefirsttimebecauseofsomethingpleasantaroundthem,andthenthelaughbringstheobviouslypleasanteffectaround,thelaughhashadvaluethatthehumanbeingsisholding.Thepersonwhopossessestheabilitytospreadhappinessbybrightandclearlaughwillgetmoresocialbenefitsthanhisseriousandstuffycolleagues,whichgetshiminanadvantageousposition.Thushebecomesa“goodmixer”whoiscommendedbyothers,especiallygiftedsocially.

TheworldtodayisneithertheeraofSilkRoad,northeageofMarcoPolo.ItjusttakesabouttwohoursfromShanghaitoTokyo.Onthesamedayonthecalendar,youalsocanarriveintheUnitedStatesontheothersideoftheearthfromChina.Thefargeographicdistanceoftheolddayshasbeenshortenedtoanunbelievableextentbymodernscienceandtechnology.It’sthecommonachievementsbroughtaboutbytheprogressofhumancivilization.

13.單選題

Unfortunately,hisdamagingattacksontheramificationsoftheeconomicpolicyhavebeen（

）byhiswholeheartedacceptanceofthatpolicy’sunderlyingassumptions.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.supplemented

B.undermined

C.diverted

D.redeemed

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)的supplement“增補(bǔ)，補(bǔ)充”；B選項(xiàng)的undermine“漸漸破壞，授掘地基”；C選項(xiàng)的divert“使轉(zhuǎn)向，使繞道，轉(zhuǎn)移（某人）的注意力，使分心”；D選項(xiàng)的redeem“履行，補(bǔ)償，贖回”。根據(jù)句意‘不幸的是，他對(duì)這個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)政策后果的致命攻擊被破壞了，因?yàn)樗耆邮芰诉@個(gè)政策暗含的假設(shè)’確定B選項(xiàng)正確。

14.翻譯題

Monetarypolicy

Itiswellknownthattherehasneverbeenaboomthatisnotlinkedwithexcessivemoneysupply.Easymonetarypoliciesconsistentlyleadtoboomsandthentobustssimplybecausetheyreduceinterestrates,thecostofborrowing,forboth(naive/noisy)investorsandgovernmentsthat,inrum,raiseprivate(i.e.durablegoods,realestate)andgovernmentspendingbeyondtheirabilitytomeettheirdebtobligations.

Thepracticeofexpansionarymonetarypolicyleadstocapitalmisallocationasitfavorsshort-termspendingattheexpenseoflong-termspending(investinglessinlong-termprojects).Thatis,itcreatesasavings-investmentgapthatreducesthecapitalformationrequiredfortheeconomytogrow,whichrendersahighfractionofitsexistingcapitalstockobsolete.Thislowinterestratepolicy,anoutcomeofquantitativeeasing,inTurn,hasanadverse,effectonproductivityforcingcapitaltomigrateinforeign/emergingmarketsinordertorealizehigherreturns.Inotherwords,excessivemoneysupplyfailstoincreaserealeconomicactivitybecauseitraisesthelaborcostwhileitlowersthecostofcapital.Depressingyieldsathome,asaresultofquantitativeeasing,inanopeneconomysetting,leadsyield-seekinginvestorsintohigher-riskinvestmentssuchasemergingmarkets.

【答案】貨幣政策

眾所周知，從來(lái)沒(méi)有一次經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮不與過(guò)渡發(fā)行貨幣有關(guān)。寬松的貨幣政策總是會(huì)先促使經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮，但最后導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退——因?yàn)槔式档?，就為（天?聒噪）投資者和政府節(jié)省了借貸的成本，而反過(guò)來(lái)促進(jìn)他們會(huì)以超出能力之外的水平來(lái)擴(kuò)大個(gè)人（比如耐用品、房地產(chǎn)）和政府的消費(fèi)，以此滿足債券的發(fā)行。

擴(kuò)張性的貨幣政策會(huì)導(dǎo)致資本的配置不當(dāng)，因?yàn)樗鼉A向于短期支出，而犧牲長(zhǎng)期支出(減少對(duì)長(zhǎng)期項(xiàng)目的投資)。也就是說(shuō)，擴(kuò)張性的貨幣政策會(huì)產(chǎn)生儲(chǔ)蓄-投資之間的鴻溝，繼而減少經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)所需要的資本積累，這呈現(xiàn)出既有的資本存放過(guò)時(shí)的信息。作為量化寬松的結(jié)果，低利率政策反過(guò)來(lái)對(duì)生產(chǎn)力產(chǎn)生反作用力，迫使資本遷入國(guó)外/新興市場(chǎng)，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)更高的回報(bào)。換句話說(shuō)，過(guò)度發(fā)行貨幣不能增加真正的經(jīng)濟(jì)活力，因?yàn)樗鲩L(zhǎng)了勞動(dòng)力成本而降低了資本成本。在一個(gè)開放的經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境下，量化寬松的另一結(jié)果是國(guó)內(nèi)的效益不佳，導(dǎo)致尋求效益投資者進(jìn)入高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資，比如新興市場(chǎng)。

15.單選題

Playsareanimportantformofentertainmentinmostcountries.TwokindsofdramauniquetoJapanareNohandKabuki.Musicisusedinbothtypesofdrama.Originally,menperformedbothmen'sandwomen'spartsinNohandKabukiplays.Butthesimilaritiesendthere.

Kabukicostumesarefancy,bright,andheavy.Realgoldisusedonthem.Ontheotherhand,Nohcostumesarequitesimple.Kabukistagesarehuge.Thestagesetsareelaborate.Nohstagesareonly18feet(5.4meters)square.Theonlysceneryusedisbackgroundwallwithatreepaintedonit.AscenechangeswhentheNohactorschangetheirplaces.Theaudiencemustusealotofimaginations.

Nohplaysstartedinthefourteenthcenturytoentertaintheupperclass.Theformoftheplayhasnotchangedmuchsincethattime.AllpartsofaNohplaymustfollowacertainsetofrules.ToapersonunfamiliarwithNohdrama,aNohactormaylookasifheissleepwalking.Theactionoftheplayisslow.Everymovementiscontrolled.Certainactionsstandforcertainthings.Forexample,afewstepsforwardmeantheendofajourney.AnimportantpartofaNohplayisthechorusthatchantsmuchofthestory.

Kabukiplaysweredevelopedintheseventeenthcenturyforthecommonpeople.Theatrewasthemainamusementofthemerchantsofthattime.Kabukiplaysgiveaclearpictureofthosemerchants'tastesandideas.Thecolorfulcostumesreflecttheirgaymoods.Theheroesareoftenwarriorswhoperformdaringfeats.Theplayerswearthickmakeup.Theyexaggeratetheirmovementsandfacialexpressionstocommunicatefeeling.

MusicisveryimportanttoKabukiplays,Kabukiactorssing,dance,andspeaktheirlineswhilethemusicisplayedinthebackground.Themusicmaysoundstrangeatfirst,butitmakestheactiononthestagemoreexciting.Musiciansplayinstrumentssuchasflutes,drums,andgongs.Theyalsousethesamisen,athree-stringedinstrumentshapedsomewhatlikeabanjo.Anotherinstrumenthastwosmallblocksofwoodthatarebangedonthefloor.

1.WhatdoNohandKabukishareincommon?

2.WhichstatementistrueabouttheKabukiplays?

3.OneofthedifferencesbetweenNohandKabukiplaysisthat（

）.

4.Kabukiplayscaninformusabout

（

）.

5.WhatmusicalinstrumentsareusedinKabukiplays?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Musicisusedinbothtypesofdrama.

B.Womenperformedbothmen'sandwomen'spartsinthebeginning.

C.Bothmen'sandwomen'spartswereplayedbymalesintheearlierperiod.

D.BothAandC.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Costumesarefunny,lightandrough.

B.Stagesare18feetsquare.

C.Abackgroundwithatreepaintedonitistheonlyscenery.

D.Theperformersmustusealltheirimaginations.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Nohisslower

B.Nohissimpler

C.Nohismorecolorful

D.Nohismoreexciting

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.likesanddislikesofthe17thcenturycommonpeople

B.thetastesofthe17thcenturyJapanesemerchants

C.thelifestyleoftherulingclass

D.thecourageousdeedsofthesoldiers

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Flutes,gongsandtwoblocksofwood.

B.Drumsandsamisens.

C.Gongs,drumsandwoodenhammers.

D.AandB.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段的三四句“Musicisusedinbothtypesofdrama.Originally,menperformedbothmen'sandwomen'spartsinNohandKabukiplays.”兩種戲劇都使用音樂(lè)。最初，男性在能劇和歌舞伎劇中同時(shí)扮演男性和女性角色。選項(xiàng)A和C均正確，所以本題選D。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Kabukicostumesarefancy,bright,andheavy.”可知選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤；選項(xiàng)B和C都是描述能劇的，所以只有選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后三段的內(nèi)容可知，選項(xiàng)C和D是描述歌舞伎劇，首先排除；選項(xiàng)B在文中沒(méi)有提及；選項(xiàng)A符合原文，所以正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的第三句“Kabukiplaysgiveaclearpictureofthosemerchants'tastesandideas.”歌舞伎劇清楚地展現(xiàn)了這些商人的品味和思想。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段的最后幾句“Musiciansplayinstrumentssuchasflutes,drums,andgongs.Theyalsousethesamisen,athree-stringedinstrumentshapedsomewhatlikeabanjo.Anotherinstrumenthastwosmallblocksofwoodthatarebangedonthefloor.”可知選項(xiàng)A和B都有提及，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

16.單選題

Hismemoryseemsto（

）withage.Therearealotofthingshecouldn'trememberclearly.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.lessen

B.diminish

C.decrease

D.reduce

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都可以表示“減少”。lessen指數(shù)目、程度、價(jià)值、實(shí)力等的減少；diminish指某事物對(duì)照原本基礎(chǔ)上數(shù)量或質(zhì)量少了很多；decrease指各種事物逐漸減少、逐漸衰弱的過(guò)程；reduce指縮小事物的范圍、強(qiáng)度、數(shù)量等，也可指級(jí)別、地位或經(jīng)濟(jì)條件的降低。此處表示他的記憶力隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)而減弱，記憶力變得比原來(lái)差，因此選B。

句意：他的記憶力似乎隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)而減弱，有很多事情他記不清了。

17.單選題

（

）isknowntotheworld,MarkTwinisagreatAmericanwriter.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.That

B.Which

C.As

D.It

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定用法。Asisknownto…“眾所周知”。句意：眾所周知，馬克吐溫是一位偉大的美國(guó)作家。故C項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

TheclashbetweenRealMadridandArsenalisbeing（）asthematchoftheseason.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.harbinger

B.allured

C.congested

D.lodged

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。harbinger“先驅(qū)，預(yù)兆”；allured“引誘；誘惑”；congested“充塞，充滿”；lodge“寄宿，臨時(shí)住宿”。句意：皇家馬德里和阿森納之間的沖突是這個(gè)賽季的前奏。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

19.單選題

Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinions

_____

theyaredifferentfromyourown.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.until

B.evenif

C.unless

D.asthough

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)“直到”；B項(xiàng)“盡管”；C項(xiàng)“除非”；D項(xiàng)“似乎”；句意：允許孩子有發(fā)言的空間，盡管他們的意見和你自己的有所不同。因此選B。

20.單選題

Duanejumpedintothepoolimmediatelyafterlunch,determinedto______theideathatonemustwait30minutesbetweeneatingandswimming.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.concede

B.debunk

C.placate

D.dupe

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.concede承認(rèn)，讓步B.debunk批判，駁斥，揭穿……的真相

C.placate撫慰，使和解D.dupe欺騙，愚弄

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)后面的同位語(yǔ)從句內(nèi)容“一個(gè)人必須在吃飯后30分鐘才能游泳”，結(jié)合主句意思“杜安飯后立即跳進(jìn)游泳池”可知，______theidea表示的是“反駁這個(gè)說(shuō)法”。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】杜安飯后立即跳進(jìn)游泳池，決心要反駁這個(gè)說(shuō)法，即一個(gè)人必須在吃飯后30分鐘才能游泳。

21.單選題

（

）this,everythingisorder.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Except

B.Besides

C.Exceptfor

D.but

【答案】C

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。這個(gè)題主要考查except和exceptfor的用法。二者均表示“除······以外”。Except后面接的詞與主語(yǔ)一般是同類型；exceptfor后接的詞與句子主語(yǔ)不是同類。從題目中可以分析出前后不是同一種類的事物，所以選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

22.單選題

Mrs.Deborahcouldnothelpexclaimingagainstthe（）ofhermaster,andespeciallyagainsthissufferinghertoconcealthefatherofthechild.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.bias

B.clemency

C.mildness

D.justice

【答案】B

【解析】句意:Deborah夫人忍不住指責(zé)丈夫的寬容，特別是允許她對(duì)孩子父親隱瞞的做法。

考查名詞辨析。bias偏見，偏愛；clemency仁慈，溫和，寬容，寬厚；mildness溫和,溫暖;justice司法，法律制裁，正義，法官。根據(jù)后半句句意可知B符合句意。

23.單選題

EnglishTestinDoctorialentranceexaminationisdesignedtoobservetheexaminees’English（

）

inreading,writing,andtranslating.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.proficiency

B.persistency

C.consistency

D.sufficiency

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查同形詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)proficiency“精通，熟練”；B選項(xiàng)persistency“持續(xù)，固執(zhí)”；C選項(xiàng)consistency“一致性”；D選項(xiàng)sufficiency“足量，充足”，根據(jù)文中關(guān)鍵詞“test考試”和“observe觀察，評(píng)論”可知proficiency最合適，句意為：博士英語(yǔ)入學(xué)考試旨在測(cè)試受測(cè)者的讀寫和翻譯的熟練度。故正確答案選A。

24.單選題

Theirdefenderssaytheyaremotivated,versatileworkerswhoarejustwhatcompaniesneedinthesedifficulttimes.Toothers,however,themembersofGenerationY—thoseborninthe1980sand1990sotherwiseknownastheNetGeneration—arespoiled,narcissisticidlerswhocannotspellandwastetoomuchtimeoninstantmessagingandFacebook.Ah,replytheNetGenres,butallthatmessingaroundonlineprovesthatwearecomputer-literatemulti-taskerswhoareskillfulusersofonlinecollaborativetoolsandnaturalteamplayers.And,while,youareonthesubjectofme,Ineedamonth’svacationtoreconsidermypersonalgoal.

Thiscultureclashhasbeengoingoninmanyorganizationsandhaslatelyseepedintomanagementbooks.TheNetGenershavegrownupwithcomputers;theyarebrimmingwithself-confidence;andtheyhavebeenencouragedtochallengereceivedwisdom,tofindtheirownsolutionstoproblemsandtotreatworkasaroutetopersonalfulfillmentratherthanmerelyawayofputtingfoodonthetable.Notallofthismakesthemeasytomanage.Bossescomplainthatafterachildhoodofbeingspoiledandpraised,NetGenersdemandfarmorefrequentfeedbackandanover-precisesetofobjectivesonthepathofpromotion.InanewreportfromPriceewaterhouseCoopers,aconsultancy,61%ofchiefexecutivessaytheyhavetroublerecruitingandintegratingyoungeremployees.

Forthosehard-to-pleaseoldermanagers,thecurrentrecessionisthejoyfulequivalentofhidinganalarmclockinasleepingteenagers'bedroom.Onceagain,thetouchy-feelymanagementfashionsthatalwaysspringupinyearsofplentyarebeingditchedinfavorofmorebrutalcommand-and-controlmethodsHavinggrownupingoodtimes,NetGenershavelaboredundertheillusionthattheworldowedthemaliving.Buthoppingbetweenjobstofindonethatmeetsyourinnerspiritualneedsisnotsoeasywhentherearenojobstohopto.Andasforthatvacation:here'sapermanentone,sunshine.

Infact,compromisewillbenecessaryonbothsides.NetGenerswillcertainlyhavetolowersomeoftheirexpectationsandtaketheworldasitis,notastheywouldlikeittobe.Buttheirolderbossesshouldalsobepreparedtomakeconcessions.Theeconomywilleventuallyrecoveranddemographictrendsinmostrichcountrieswillmakecleveryoungworkersevenmorevaluable.Besides,manyofthethingsthatKeepNetGenershappyareworthdoinganyway.Butforthemomentatleast,theFacebookersareunderheavycriticism.

1.IntheeyesofthecriticsoftheNetGeneration,theNetGenersarecharacterizedas（）.

2.AccordingtoPara.2,NetGenersarenoteasytomanageinthat（）.

3.Theword“touchy-feely"inPara.3mostprobablymeans（）.

4.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthattheauthorbelieves（）.

5.Whatistheauthors’attitudetowardsNetGeners?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.accomplishedandcompetent

B.smartandflexible

C.self-centeredandindulged

D.selfishanduncooperative

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.they'veattachedtoomuchimportancetothepersonalfulfillment

B.they'vebeencourageousenoughtochallengetheirbosses

C.they’vehadexcessiveconfidenceinthemselves

D.they'verequiredexcessiveresponsesandgoals

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.sensitiveandcaring

B.coldandbloody

C.lazyandreckless

D.funnyandinteresting

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.NetGenersshouldgiveuptheirexpectations

B.olderbossesshouldgivetheNetGenerswhatevertheywant

C.bothNetGenersandbossesshouldfacethereality

D.bothNetGenersandbossesshouldlearntoconcede

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Supportive.

B.Objective.

C.Biased.

D.Pessimistic.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:1.推理判斷題。由第一段“Toothers,however,themembersofGenerationY—thoseborninthe1980sand1990sotherwiseknownastheNetGeneration-arespoiled,narcissisticidlerswhocannotspellandwastetoomuchtimeoninstantmessagingandFacebook.然而，對(duì)另一些人來(lái)說(shuō)，y一代(出生于80年代和90年代的人，也被稱為網(wǎng)絡(luò)一代)是被寵壞的、自戀的游手好閑者，他們不會(huì)拼寫，在即時(shí)通訊和Facebook上浪費(fèi)了太多時(shí)間。”可知在批判者眼中，網(wǎng)絡(luò)一代是被寵壞的，并且是自戀的游手好閑者。故C項(xiàng)正確。且在批判者眼中，網(wǎng)絡(luò)一代自然是有缺點(diǎn)的，故應(yīng)該用貶義詞，排除AB兩項(xiàng)。D項(xiàng)“自私的和不配合的”與文中所述內(nèi)容不符。

第2題:2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第二段“Notallofthismakesthemeasytomanage.Bossescomplainthatafterachildhoodofbeingspoiledandpraised,NetGenersdemandfarmorefrequentfeedbackandanover-precisesetofobjectivesonthepathofpromotion.并不是所有這些都使它們易于管理。老板們抱怨說(shuō)，在經(jīng)歷了被寵壞和表?yè)P(yáng)的童年后，網(wǎng)絡(luò)一代要求在晉升的道路上有更頻繁的反饋和一套過(guò)于精確的目標(biāo)。由此可知網(wǎng)絡(luò)一代難于管理的原因在于他們?cè)诼殘?chǎng)晉升之路上要求更頻繁的反饋并且需要精確的目標(biāo)。故D項(xiàng)正確，D項(xiàng)的response和goals是對(duì)原文中的feedback以及objectives的同義轉(zhuǎn)換。

第3題:3.詞義題。由Onceagain,thetouchy-feelymanagementfashionsthatalwaysspringupinyearsofplentyarebeingditchedinfavorofmorebrutalcommand-and-controlmethods.再一次，在經(jīng)濟(jì)充裕的年份里總是涌現(xiàn)出的____的管理潮流正在被拋棄，取而代之的是更為殘酷的命令與控制方式。由“morebrutalcommand-and-control更為殘酷的命令和控制”可推知被拋棄的“touch-feelymanagement”的意思應(yīng)與其相反，應(yīng)為“人性化”的管理。再?gòu)膖ouchy-feely單詞本身也可猜測(cè)出該詞與感覺(jué)有關(guān)。故A項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由最后一段Infact,compromisewillbenecessaryonbothsides.NetGenerswillcertainlyhavetolowersomeoftheirexpectationsandtaketheworldasitis,notastheywouldlikeittobe.Buttheirolderbossesshouldalsobepreparedtomakeconcessions.事實(shí)上，雙方都有必要妥協(xié)。網(wǎng)絡(luò)一代應(yīng)該降低他們的一些期望，接受世界的現(xiàn)狀，而不是他們所希望的樣子。但是他們的老上司也應(yīng)該做好讓步的準(zhǔn)備?？芍髡哒J(rèn)為雙方都應(yīng)該做一些讓步。故D項(xiàng)正確，concede是concessions的同義詞。

第5題:5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。縱觀全文，本文開頭作者提到了贊成者和批判者對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)一代的看法，接著作者列舉了網(wǎng)絡(luò)一代的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)，最后提出解決措施。故作者的態(tài)度應(yīng)當(dāng)是客觀的。supportive支持的；objective客觀的；biased有偏見的；pessimistic悲觀的。B項(xiàng)正確。

25.單選題

Inplanningforthehealthneedsoftheseimmigrantfamilies,FrancescaWeissman,ahealthcarepractitioner,askedtwoquestions:(1)“Whatarethemosturgentneedsofthispopulation?”and(2)“Howcanthispopulationbeinducedtousethehealthservicesthatareavailable?”Insomerespects,