C++程序設(shè)計(jì)基礎(chǔ)：7-運(yùn)算符重載

第7章運(yùn)算符重載

7.1運(yùn)算符重載規(guī)則

7.2用成員或友元函數(shù)重載運(yùn)算符

7.3幾個(gè)典型運(yùn)算符重載

7.4類類型轉(zhuǎn)換

小結(jié)

運(yùn)算符重載使得用戶自定義的數(shù)據(jù)以一種更簡潔的方式工作例如

intx,y ; y=x+y;matrixm1,m2;

//矩陣類對象

m1=Madd(m1,m2);

//調(diào)用函數(shù)計(jì)算兩個(gè)矩陣的和complexc1,c2; //復(fù)數(shù)類對象c1=Cadd(c1,c2); //調(diào)用函數(shù)計(jì)算兩個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)的和能表示為c1=c1+c2;

?能表示為m1=m1+m2;

?第7章運(yùn)算符重載定義運(yùn)算符重載函數(shù)7.1運(yùn)算符重載規(guī)則7.1.1重載運(yùn)算符的限制可以重載的運(yùn)算符

+ - * / % ^ & | ~! = < > += -= *= /= %^= &= |= << >> >>= <<= == !=<= >= && || ++ -- ->* ‘ ->[] () new delete new[] delete[]不能重載的算符

. :: .* ?: sizeof7.1運(yùn)算符重載規(guī)則7.1.1重載運(yùn)算符的限制重載運(yùn)算符函數(shù)可以對運(yùn)算符作出新的解釋，但原有基本語義不變：不改變運(yùn)算符的優(yōu)先級不改變運(yùn)算符的結(jié)合性不改變運(yùn)算符所需要的操作數(shù)不能創(chuàng)建新的運(yùn)算符7.1.2運(yùn)算符重載的語法形式

運(yùn)算符函數(shù)是一種特殊的成員函數(shù)或友元函數(shù)

成員函數(shù)的語法形式為：

類型

類名

::operatorop(參數(shù)表

) {

//相對于該類定義的操作 }

運(yùn)算符函數(shù)是一種特殊的成員函數(shù)或友元函數(shù)

成員函數(shù)的語法形式為：

類型

類名

::operatorop(參數(shù)表

) {

//相對于該類定義的操作 }7.1.2運(yùn)算符重載的語法形式函數(shù)返回類型

運(yùn)算符函數(shù)是一種特殊的成員函數(shù)或友元函數(shù)

成員函數(shù)的語法形式為：

類型

類名

::operatorop(參數(shù)表

) {

//相對于該類定義的操作 }7.1.2運(yùn)算符重載的語法形式重載該運(yùn)算符的類

7.1.2運(yùn)算符重載的語法形式

運(yùn)算符函數(shù)是一種特殊的成員函數(shù)或友元函數(shù)

成員函數(shù)的語法形式為：

類型

類名

::operatorop(參數(shù)表

) {

//相對于該類定義的操作 }被重載的運(yùn)算符

7.1.2運(yùn)算符重載的語法形式關(guān)鍵字

運(yùn)算符函數(shù)是一種特殊的成員函數(shù)或友元函數(shù)

成員函數(shù)的語法形式為：

類型

類名

::operator

op(參數(shù)表

) {

//相對于該類定義的操作 }7.1.2運(yùn)算符重載的語法形式函數(shù)名

運(yùn)算符函數(shù)是一種特殊的成員函數(shù)或友元函數(shù)

成員函數(shù)的語法形式為：

類型

類名

::operator

op(參數(shù)表

) {

//相對于該類定義的操作 }

運(yùn)算符函數(shù)是一種特殊的成員函數(shù)或友元函數(shù)

成員函數(shù)的語法形式為：

類型

類名

::operator

op(參數(shù)表

) {

//相對于該類定義的操作 }7.1.2運(yùn)算符重載的語法形式運(yùn)算符要求的操作數(shù)7.1.2運(yùn)算符重載的語法形式

一個(gè)運(yùn)算符被重載后，原有意義沒有失去，只是定義了相對一特定類的一個(gè)新運(yùn)算符

運(yùn)算符函數(shù)是一種特殊的成員函數(shù)或友元函數(shù)

成員函數(shù)的語法形式為：

類型

類名

::operator

op(參數(shù)表

) {

//相對于該類定義的操作 }#include<iostream>#include<cstdlib>usingnamespacestd;classCalculator{public:Calculator(){value=0;};voidoperator++();voidoperator--();unsignedintoperator()();private:unsignedintvalue;};intmain(){CalculatorCounter;inti;for(i=0;i<5;i++){++Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}for(i=0;i<=5;i++){--Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}}voidCalculator::operator++(){if(value<65535)value++;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}voidCalculator::operator--(){if(value>0)value--;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}unsignedintCalculator::operator()(){returnvalue;}

例7-1設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)安全計(jì)數(shù)器

7.1.2運(yùn)算符重載的語法形式#include<iostream>#include<cstdlib>usingnamespacestd;classCalculator{public:Calculator(){value=0;};voidoperator++();voidoperator--();unsignedintoperator()();private:unsignedintvalue;};intmain(){CalculatorCounter;inti;for(i=0;i<5;i++){++Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}for(i=0;i<=5;i++){--Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}}voidCalculator::operator++(){if(value<65535)value++;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}voidCalculator::operator--(){if(value>0)value--;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}unsignedintCalculator::operator()(){returnvalue;}

重載了3個(gè)算符7.1.2運(yùn)算符重載的語法形式例7-1設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)安全計(jì)數(shù)器

#include<iostream>#include<cstdlib>usingnamespacestd;classCalculator{public:Calculator(){value=0;};voidoperator++();voidoperator--();unsignedintoperator()

();private:unsignedintvalue;};intmain(){CalculatorCounter;inti;for(i=0;i<5;i++){++Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}for(i=0;i<=5;i++){--Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}}voidCalculator::operator++(){if(value<65535)value++;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}

voidCalculator::operator--(){if(value>0)value--;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}unsignedintCalculator::operator()(){returnvalue;}重載了3個(gè)算符7.1.2運(yùn)算符重載的語法形式例7-1設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)安全計(jì)數(shù)器

#include<iostream>#include<cstdlib>usingnamespacestd;classCalculator{public:Calculator(){value=0;};voidoperator++();voidoperator--();unsignedintoperator()

();private:unsignedintvalue;};intmain(){CalculatorCounter;inti;for(i=0;i<5;i++){++Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}for(i=0;i<=5;i++){--Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}}voidCalculator::operator++(){if(value<65535)value++;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}

voidCalculator::operator--(){if(value>0)value--;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}unsignedintCalculator::operator()(){returnvalue;}voidCalculator::

operator++

(){if(value<65535)value++;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}7.1.2運(yùn)算符重載的語法形式例7-1設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)安全計(jì)數(shù)器

#include<iostream>#include<cstdlib>usingnamespacestd;classCalculator{public:Calculator(){value=0;};voidoperator++();voidoperator--();unsignedintoperator()

();private:unsignedintvalue;};intmain(){CalculatorCounter;inti;for(i=0;i<5;i++){++Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}for(i=0;i<=5;i++){--Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}}voidCalculator::operator++(){if(value<65535)value++;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}

voidCalculator::operator--(){if(value>0)value--;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}unsignedintCalculator::operator()(){returnvalue;}voidCalculator::

operator++

(){if(value<65535)value++;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}使用系統(tǒng)預(yù)定義版本7.1.2運(yùn)算符重載的語法形式例7-1設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)安全計(jì)數(shù)器

#include<iostream>#include<cstdlib>usingnamespacestd;classCalculator{public:Calculator(){value=0;};voidoperator++();voidoperator--();unsignedintoperator()

();private:unsignedintvalue;};intmain(){CalculatorCounter;inti;for(i=0;i<5;i++){++Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}for(i=0;i<=5;i++){--Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}}voidCalculator::operator++(){if(value<65535)value++;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}voidCalculator::operator--(){if(value>0)value--;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}unsignedintCalculator::operator()(){returnvalue;}voidCalculator::operator--(){if(value>0)value--;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}7.1.2運(yùn)算符重載的語法形式例7-1設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)安全計(jì)數(shù)器

#include<iostream>#include<cstdlib>usingnamespacestd;classCalculator{public:Calculator(){value=0;};voidoperator++();voidoperator--();unsignedintoperator()

();private:unsignedintvalue;};intmain(){CalculatorCounter;inti;for(i=0;i<5;i++){++Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}for(i=0;i<=5;i++){--Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}}voidCalculator::operator++(){if(value<65535)value++;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}voidCalculator::operator--(){if(value>0)value--;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}unsignedintCalculator::operator()(){returnvalue;}voidCalculator::operator--(){if(value>0)value--;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}使用系統(tǒng)預(yù)定義版本7.1.2運(yùn)算符重載的語法形式例7-1設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)安全計(jì)數(shù)器

#include<iostream>#include<cstdlib>usingnamespacestd;classCalculator{public:Calculator(){value=0;};voidoperator++();voidoperator--();unsignedintoperator()

();private:unsignedintvalue;};intmain(){CalculatorCounter;inti;for(i=0;i<5;i++){++Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}for(i=0;i<=5;i++){--Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}}voidCalculator::operator++(){if(value<65535)value++;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}voidCalculator::operator--(){if(value>0)value--;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}unsignedintCalculator::operator()(){returnvalue;}++Counter;調(diào)用重載版本voidoperator++();7.1.2運(yùn)算符重載的語法形式例7-1設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)安全計(jì)數(shù)器

#include<iostream>#include<cstdlib>usingnamespacestd;classCalculator{public:Calculator(){value=0;};voidoperator++();voidoperator--();unsignedintoperator()

();private:unsignedintvalue;};intmain(){CalculatorCounter;inti;for(i=0;i<5;i++){++Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}for(i=0;i<=5;i++){--Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}}voidCalculator::operator++(){if(value<65535)value++;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}voidCalculator::operator--(){if(value>0)value--;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}unsignedintCalculator::operator()(){returnvalue;}調(diào)用重載版本7.1.2運(yùn)算符重載的語法形式例7-1設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)安全計(jì)數(shù)器

++Counter;voidoperator++();#include<iostream>#include<cstdlib>usingnamespacestd;classCalculator{public:Calculator(){value=0;};voidoperator++();voidoperator--();unsignedintoperator()

();private:unsignedintvalue;};intmain(){CalculatorCounter;inti;for(i=0;i<5;i++){++Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}for(i=0;i<=5;i++){--Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}}voidCalculator::operator++(){if(value<65535)value++;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}voidCalculator::operator--(){if(value>0)value--;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}unsignedintCalculator::operator()(){returnvalue;}調(diào)用重載版本Counter.operator++()；7.1.2運(yùn)算符重載的語法形式例7-1設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)安全計(jì)數(shù)器

voidoperator++();#include<iostream>#include<cstdlib>usingnamespacestd;classCalculator{public:Calculator(){value=0;};voidoperator++();voidoperator--();unsignedintoperator()

();private:unsignedintvalue;};intmain(){CalculatorCounter;inti;for(i=0;i<5;i++){++Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}for(i=0;i<=5;i++){--Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}}voidCalculator::operator++(){if(value<65535)value++;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}voidCalculator::operator--(){if(value>0)value--;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}unsignedintCalculator::operator()(){returnvalue;}--Counter;調(diào)用重載版本voidoperator--();7.1.2運(yùn)算符重載的語法形式例7-1設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)安全計(jì)數(shù)器

#include<iostream>#include<cstdlib>usingnamespacestd;classCalculator{public:Calculator(){value=0;};voidoperator++();voidoperator--();unsignedintoperator()

();private:unsignedintvalue;};intmain(){CalculatorCounter;inti;for(i=0;i<5;i++){++Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}for(i=0;i<=5;i++){--Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}}voidCalculator::operator++(){if(value<65535)value++;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}voidCalculator::operator--(){if(value>0)value--;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}unsignedintCalculator::operator()(){returnvalue;}調(diào)用重載版本7.1.2運(yùn)算符重載的語法形式例7-1設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)安全計(jì)數(shù)器

--Counter;voidoperator--();#include<iostream>#include<cstdlib>usingnamespacestd;classCalculator{public:Calculator(){value=0;};voidoperator++();voidoperator--();unsignedintoperator()

();private:unsignedintvalue;};intmain(){CalculatorCounter;inti;for(i=0;i<5;i++){++Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}for(i=0;i<=5;i++){--Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}}voidCalculator::operator++(){if(value<65535)value++;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}voidCalculator::operator--(){if(value>0)value--;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}unsignedintCalculator::operator()(){returnvalue;}調(diào)用重載版本Counter.operator--()；7.1.2運(yùn)算符重載的語法形式例7-1設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)安全計(jì)數(shù)器

voidoperator--();#include<iostream>#include<cstdlib>usingnamespacestd;classCalculator{public:Calculator(){value=0;};voidoperator++();voidoperator--();unsignedintoperator()

();private:unsignedintvalue;};intmain(){CalculatorCounter;inti;for(i=0;i<5;i++){++Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}for(i=0;i<=5;i++){--Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}}voidCalculator::operator++(){if(value<65535)value++;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}voidCalculator::operator--(){if(value>0)value--;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}unsignedintCalculator::operator()(){returnvalue;}Counter();調(diào)用重載版本voidoperator()();7.1.2運(yùn)算符重載的語法形式例7-1設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)安全計(jì)數(shù)器

#include<iostream>#include<cstdlib>usingnamespacestd;classCalculator{public:Calculator(){value=0;};voidoperator++();voidoperator--();unsignedintoperator()

();private:unsignedintvalue;};intmain(){CalculatorCounter;inti;for(i=0;i<5;i++){++Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}for(i=0;i<=5;i++){--Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}}voidCalculator::operator++(){if(value<65535)value++;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}voidCalculator::operator--(){if(value>0)value--;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}unsignedintCalculator::operator()(){returnvalue;}7.1.2運(yùn)算符重載的語法形式例7-1設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)安全計(jì)數(shù)器

Counter();voidoperator()();被重載的運(yùn)算符#include<iostream>#include<cstdlib>usingnamespacestd;classCalculator{public:Calculator(){value=0;};voidoperator++();voidoperator--();unsignedintoperator()

();private:unsignedintvalue;};intmain(){CalculatorCounter;inti;for(i=0;i<5;i++){++Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}for(i=0;i<=5;i++){--Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}}voidCalculator::operator++(){if(value<65535)value++;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}voidCalculator::operator--(){if(value>0)value--;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}unsignedintCalculator::operator()(){returnvalue;}Counter();Counter.operator()()；7.1.2運(yùn)算符重載的語法形式例7-1設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)安全計(jì)數(shù)器

voidoperator()();函數(shù)參數(shù)表#include<iostream>#include<cstdlib>usingnamespacestd;classCalculator{public:Calculator(){value=0;};voidoperator++();voidoperator--();unsignedintoperator()

();private:unsignedintvalue;};intmain(){CalculatorCounter;inti;for(i=0;i<5;i++){++Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}for(i=0;i<=5;i++){--Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}}voidCalculator::operator++(){if(value<65535)value++;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}voidCalculator::operator--(){if(value>0)value--;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}unsignedintCalculator::operator()(){returnvalue;}7.1.2運(yùn)算符重載的語法形式例7-1設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)安全計(jì)數(shù)器

#include<iostream>#include<cstdlib>usingnamespacestd;classCalculator{public:Calculator(){value=0;};voidoperator++();voidoperator--();unsignedintoperator()

();private:unsignedintvalue;};intmain(){CalculatorCounter;inti;for(i=0;i<5;i++){++Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}for(i=0;i<=5;i++){--Counter;cout<<"\nCounter="<<Counter();}}voidCalculator::operator++(){if(value<65535)value++;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;exit(0);}}voidCalculator::operator--(){if(value>0)value--;else{cout<<"\nDataoverflow!"<<endl;

exit(0);}}unsignedintCalculator::operator()(){returnvalue;}7.1.2運(yùn)算符重載的語法形式例7-1設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)安全計(jì)數(shù)器

運(yùn)算符函數(shù)可以重載為成員函數(shù)或友元函數(shù)關(guān)鍵區(qū)別在于成員函數(shù)具有this指針，友元函數(shù)沒有this指針不管是成員函數(shù)還是友元函數(shù)重載，運(yùn)算符的使用方法相同。但傳遞參數(shù)的方式不同，實(shí)現(xiàn)代碼不同，應(yīng)用場合也不同7.2用成員或友元函數(shù)重載運(yùn)算符重載為成員函數(shù)，解釋為：Object.operatorop()操作數(shù)由對象Object通過this指針隱含傳遞重載為友元函數(shù)，解釋為：operatorop(Object)

操作數(shù)由參數(shù)表的參數(shù)Object提供7.2用成員或友元函數(shù)重載運(yùn)算符1．一元運(yùn)算符Object

op

或op

Object重載為成員函數(shù)，解釋為：ObjectL.operatorop(ObjectR)

左操作數(shù)由ObjectL通過this指針傳遞，右操作數(shù)由參數(shù)ObjectR傳遞重載為友元函數(shù)，解釋為：operatorop(ObjectL,ObjectR)

左右操作數(shù)都由參數(shù)傳遞

7.2用成員或友元函數(shù)重載運(yùn)算符

2．二元運(yùn)算符ObjectL

op

ObjectR

當(dāng)一元運(yùn)算符的操作數(shù)，或者二元運(yùn)算符的左操作數(shù)是類的對象時(shí)，定義重載算符函數(shù)為成員函數(shù)

7.2.1用成員函數(shù)重載運(yùn)算符例7-2

建立一個(gè)描述3維坐標(biāo)的類Tri_Coor，重載運(yùn)算符“+”、“++”、和“=”

，實(shí)現(xiàn)簡單的算術(shù)運(yùn)算

7.2.1用成員函數(shù)重載運(yùn)算符7.2.1用成員函數(shù)重載算符7.2.1用成員函數(shù)重載算符#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classTriCoor{public:TriCoor(intmx=0,intmy=0,intmz=0){x=mx;y=my;z=mz;}TriCooroperator+(TriCoort){TriCoortemp;temp.x=x+t.x;temp.y=y+t.y;temp.z=z+t.z;returntemp;}TriCooroperator=(TriCoort){x=t.x;y=t.y;z=t.z;return*this;}TriCooroperator++(){x++;y++;z++;return*this;}voidshow(){cout<<x<<","<<y<<","<<z<<"\n";}voidassign(intmx,intmy,intmz){x=mx;y=my;z=mz;}private:intx,y,z; //3_dcoordinates};

intmain(){TriCoora(1,2,3),b,c;a.show();b.show();c.show();for(inti=0;i<5;i++)++b;b.show();c.assign(3,3,3);c=a+b+c;c.show();c=b=a;c.show();}

例7-2#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classTriCoor{public:TriCoor(intmx=0,intmy=0,intmz=0){x=mx;y=my;z=mz;}

TriCooroperator+(TriCoort){TriCoortemp;temp.x=x+t.x;temp.y=y+t.y;temp.z=z+t.z;returntemp;}

TriCooroperator=(TriCoort){x=t.x;y=t.y;z=t.z;return*this;}TriCooroperator++(){x++;y++;z++;return*this;}voidshow(){cout<<x<<","<<y<<","<<z<<"\n";}voidassign(intmx,intmy,intmz){x=mx;y=my;z=mz;}private:intx,y,z; //3_dcoordinates};

intmain(){TriCoora(1,2,3),b,c;a.show();b.show();c.show();for(inti=0;i<5;i++)++b;b.show();c.assign(3,3,3);c=a+b+c

;c.show();c=b=a;c.show();}

TriCooroperator+(TriCoort){TriCoortemp;temp.x=this->x+t.x;temp.y=this->y+t.y;temp.z=this->z+t.z;returntemp;}c=a+b+c;

a+b

a.operator+(b)

↓

Object1通過匿名對象Object1返回運(yùn)算結(jié)果7.2.1用成員函數(shù)重載算符例7-27.2.1用成員函數(shù)重載算符#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classTriCoor{public:TriCoor(intmx=0,intmy=0,intmz=0){x=mx;y=my;z=mz;}

TriCooroperator+(TriCoort){TriCoortemp;temp.x=x+t.x;temp.y=y+t.y;temp.z=z+t.z;returntemp;}

TriCooroperator=(TriCoort){x=t.x;y=t.y;z=t.z;return*this;}TriCooroperator++(){x++;y++;z++;return*this;}voidshow(){cout<<x<<","<<y<<","<<z<<"\n";}voidassign(intmx,intmy,intmz){x=mx;y=my;z=mz;}private:intx,y,z; //3_dcoordinates};

intmain(){TriCoora(1,2,3),b,c;a.show();b.show();c.show();for(inti=0;i<5;i++)++b;b.show();c.assign(3,3,3);c=a+b+c

;c.show();c=b=a;c.show();}

TriCooroperator+(TriCoort){TriCoortemp;temp.x=this->x+t.x;temp.y=this->y+t.y;temp.z=this->z+t.z;returntemp;}c=a+b+c;

a+ba.operator+(b)↓

Object1②

a+b+c

Object1+c

Object1.operator+(c)通過匿名對象Object2返回運(yùn)算結(jié)果

↓

Object2例7-2#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classTriCoor{public:TriCoor(intmx=0,intmy=0,intmz=0){x=mx;y=my;z=mz;}

TriCooroperator+(TriCoort){TriCoortemp;temp.x=x+t.x;temp.y=y+t.y;temp.z=z+t.z;returntemp;}

TriCooroperator=(TriCoort){x=t.x;y=t.y;z=t.z;return*this;}TriCooroperator++(){x++;y++;z++;return*this;}voidshow(){cout<<x<<","<<y<<","<<z<<"\n";}voidassign(intmx,intmy,intmz){x=mx;y=my;z=mz;}private:intx,y,z; //3_dcoordinates};

intmain(){TriCoora(1,2,3),b,c;a.show();b.show();c.show();for(inti=0;i<5;i++)++b;b.show();c.assign(3,3,3);c=a+b+c

;c.show();c=b=a;c.show();}

TriCooroperator+(TriCoort){TriCoortemp;temp.x=this->x+t.x;temp.y=this->y+t.y;temp.z=this->z+t.z;returntemp;}c=a+b+c;

a+ba.operator+(b)↓

Object1②

a+b

+c

Object1+c

Object1.operator+(c)↓

Object2③

c=

a+b+c;

c=

Object2;7.2.1用成員函數(shù)重載算符例7-2#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classTriCoor{public:TriCoor(intmx=0,intmy=0,intmz=0){x=mx;y=my;z=mz;}

TriCooroperator+(TriCoort){TriCoortemp;temp.x=x+t.x;temp.y=y+t.y;temp.z=z+t.z;returntemp;}

TriCooroperator=(TriCoort){x=t.x;y=t.y;z=t.z;return*this;}TriCooroperator++(){x++;y++;z++;return*this;}voidshow(){cout<<x<<","<<y<<","<<z<<"\n";}voidassign(intmx,intmy,intmz){x=mx;y=my;z=mz;}private:intx,y,z; //3_dcoordinates};

intmain(){TriCoora(1,2,3),b,c;a.show();b.show();c.show();for(inti=0;i<5;i++)++b;b.show();c.assign(3,3,3);c=a+b+c

;c.show();c=b=a;c.show();}

TriCooroperator=(TriCoort){this->x=t.x;this->y=t.y;this->z=t.z;return*this;}c=b=a;b=ab.operator=(a)②c=bc.operator=(b)返回調(diào)用函數(shù)的對象

7.2.1用成員函數(shù)重載算符例7-2#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classTriCoor{public:TriCoor(intmx=0,intmy=0,intmz=0){x=mx;y=my;z=mz;}

TriCooroperator+(TriCoort){TriCoortemp;temp.x=x+t.x;temp.y=y+t.y;temp.z=z+t.z;returntemp;}

TriCooroperator=(TriCoort){x=t.x;y=t.y;z=t.z;return*this;}

TriCooroperator++(){x++;y++;z++;return*this;}voidshow(){cout<<x<<","<<y<<","<<z<<"\n";}voidassign(intmx,intmy,intmz){x=mx;y=my;z=mz;}private:intx,y,z; //3_dcoordinates};

intmain(){TriCoora(1,2,3),b,c;a.show();b.show();c.show();for(inti=0;i<5;i++)++b;b.show();c.assign(3,3,3);c=a+b+c

;c.show();

c=b=a;c.show();}

TriCooroperator++(){this->x++;this->y++;this->z++;return*this;}++b;++bb.operator++()沒有參數(shù)7.2.1用成員函數(shù)重載算符例7-2#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classTriCoor{public:TriCoor(intmx=0,intmy=0,intmz=0){x=mx;y=my;z=mz;}TriCooroperator+(TriCoort){TriCoortemp;temp.x=x+t.x;temp.y=y+t.y