考研考博-英語(yǔ)-中央音樂(lè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-中央音樂(lè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Thebookshiftedheroutlookfromsocialtospiritual,foritsthemewasthatbeforeyouchangeotherpeopleyouhavetochangeyourself.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.viewpoint

B.vocation

C.prospect

D.preference

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這本書(shū)將她的……從社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)向精神方面，因?yàn)樗闹黝}是在改變他人之前，你必須先改變自己。viewpoint“觀點(diǎn)，視角”；vocation“職業(yè)”；prospect“前景，期望”；preference“偏愛(ài)，傾向”。根據(jù)“fromsocialtospiritual”可推測(cè)劃線(xiàn)單詞的意思是“觀點(diǎn)”，因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.單選題

Many（）cametothePresident’sreception.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.person

B.characters

C.people

D.notables

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。person“人”；character“性格，品質(zhì)”；people“人，人類(lèi)”；notable“名人，顯要人物”。句意：許多顯要人物前來(lái)參加總統(tǒng)的招待會(huì)。

3.單選題

TheBritishpoliticalsystemhasevolvedoverseveralcenturies.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.improved

B.developed

C.involved

D.survived

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)improved“改進(jìn)，增加”；B選項(xiàng)developed“發(fā)展，發(fā)達(dá)”；C選項(xiàng)involved“涉及，使參與”；D選項(xiàng)survived“幸存，存活”。句意：英國(guó)的政治制度是經(jīng)過(guò)幾個(gè)世紀(jì)的演變而成的。此處只有B選項(xiàng)可以最佳貼近“演變”這個(gè)含義，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.單選題

Canyouexplainthis（）oftenyearsinyourjobhistorywhichyouhavenotaccountedfor?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.interruption

B.gap

C.split

D.paring

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析題。interruption"中斷,干擾";gap"缺口,差距,間隔";split"劈裂,裂縫;paring"削皮"。選項(xiàng)中只有g(shù)ap可以表示時(shí)間的間隔。句意：你能解釋一下在你的工作經(jīng)歷中你沒(méi)有解釋的十年空白期嗎?選項(xiàng)B正確。

5.單選題

YangtzeRiverflowsatawidthofupto2kmandanaveragedepthofbetween6and15mthroughalargeplainwithmanylakes.Thisareais()toseverefloodingandaccumulationofriversediment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.object

B.particular

C.subject

D.prone

【答案】C

【解析】句意：長(zhǎng)江流經(jīng)一個(gè)有許多湖泊的大平原，這個(gè)平原寬達(dá)2公里，平均深度在6至15米之間。這個(gè)地區(qū)經(jīng)常發(fā)生嚴(yán)重的水災(zāi)和河流泥沙淤積。objectto對(duì)……反對(duì)；particular特別，尤其，不與to搭配；subjectto使遭受；proneto有……傾向的。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

6.單選題

Itwasnot（

）shetookoffherglasses（

）Irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.when;that

B.until;that

C.until;when

D.when;then

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定用法。notuntil…that表示“直到……才……”，放進(jìn)本句中表示“直到她摘下眼鏡，我才認(rèn)出她是著名影星”。

7.單選題

Manyboysandgirls______togetherroundthefireandsangsongs.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.clustered

B.clattered

C.clutched

D.cluttered

【答案】A

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。A項(xiàng)cluster“使聚集，聚集在某人的周?chē)?，B項(xiàng)clatter“發(fā)出嘩啦聲，喧鬧的談笑”，C項(xiàng)clutch“緊握，（因害怕或痛苦）突然抓住”，D項(xiàng)clutter“使凌亂，胡亂地填滿(mǎn)”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息togetherroundthefireandsangsongs“一起圍著火堆唱歌”可知，空格處填入A項(xiàng)符合句子語(yǔ)境。句意：許多男孩和女孩聚集在火堆周?chē)?。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Thoughhewheedledandthreatened,shedidn’t

anydetailsoftheplan.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.giveoff

B.giveaway

C.giveover

D.giveup

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。giveoff“發(fā)出（光）等”；giveaway“贈(zèng)送，喪失；泄露”；giveover“停止；交出”；giveup“放棄；交出”。句意：盡管他時(shí)而甜言蜜語(yǔ)，時(shí)而威脅，她沒(méi)有透露計(jì)劃的任何細(xì)節(jié)。

9.翻譯題

Itisalmostacommonplacethatsuccessfulforeignpolicymustgrowoutofdomesticpoliticalconsensus.CertainlythisistrueintheUnitedStateswithrespecttoenvironmentalissues,wherevirtuallyeverysuccessfulinternationalregimehashaditsrootsinU.S.domesticlaw.ThemostspectacularsuccesstheMontrealozoneagreementgrewoutoftheU.S.regulationofchlorofluorocarbons,thechiefculpritinthedestructionoftheozonelayer,beginningwithabanonaerosolspraycansinthelate1970s.Otherrelativelysuccessfulinternationalregimesforexampletolimitoilpollutionfromtankers,toregulatetradeinendangeredspecies,andtocontroldangerouspesticidesandchemicalsalsobuiltonU.S.efforts,ratherthanattemptingtoforcetheUnitedStatestochangeitswaysthroughthepressureofaninternationalregime.

Fromthebeginning,however,U.S.climatechangepolicyfollowedadifferentpath,focusingoninternationalratherthandomesticmeasures.

Tosomedegree,thisreflectedtheunderstandablereluctanceofmanygovernmentstotakedomesticactionwithoutanassurancethatotherswouldfollowsuit.Giventheglobalcausesofclimatechange,ifacountryactsalone,itsimplydrivesupitsowncostswithoutmakingameaningfuldentinsolvingtheproblem.Internationalactionisnecessarytomakedomesticclimatepolicieseffective.Toagreaterdegree,however,theinternationalfocusofU.S.climatepolicyreflectedalackofdomesticpoliticalwill.AlthoughpollsconsistentlyindicatethatAmericansareconcernedaboutclimatechange,climatechangehasuntilnowneveremergedasamajorpoliticalissueintheUnitedStates.Comeelectiontime,education,socialsecurityandtaxeshavetakeprecedenceinvoters’minds.Indeed,climatechangeusuallydoesnotevencrackthetopthreeenvironmentalconcernscleanwater,cleanairandurbansprawl.Asaresult,climateactivistshavetendedtoviewtheinternationalarenaasapotentiallymorefavorableforum.TheonlyrealattempttoenactbindingdomesticmeasuresrelatedtoclimatechangeoccurredearlyintheClintonAdministration,whenClintonproposedabroad-basedenergytaxaspartofhisfirsteconomicplan.

AlthoughClintonbilledthetaxprimarilyasarevenueratherthanaclimatechangemeasureandmadeitapplicabletoallenergysources,notjustthosethatproducegreenhousegases,thetaxwouldhavediscouragedgreenhouseemissionsbyraisingenergypricesandsomeclimatechangeactivistssawitinthatlight.Inpart,thefocusontheinternationalnegotiationswasdrivenbytheinexorablemomentumoftheinternationalclimateagendaitself,withmajormeetingspracticallyeveryyear,whichkeptclimatechangeonthefrontburner.Ironically,theseregularmeetingswhichareusuallyseenasameansofkeepingpressureonstatestoacthelpedgiveClintonacomparativelyeasywayoutpolitically.AstherepresentativeoftheUnitedStatesininternationalaffairs,theadministrationcouldtemporarilysatisfyitsenvironmentalconstituencybyacceptingstrongnationalpolicies,withouthavingtoundertaketheextremelydifficultpoliticalworkofconvincingaconservativeCongresstoenactdomesticlegislationtoreduceemissions.

Ofcourse,thisapproachcouldnotworkindefinitely,sinceinternationalpoliciestocombatglobalwarmingeventuallyrequiredomesticimplementation.Butgiventhecomplexityandseeminglynever-endingcharacterofthenegotiations,theinternationalapproachwasabletobuyconsiderabletimeforanadministrationreluctanttoexpendsignificantpoliticalcapitalathometocombatclimatechange.

Indoingso,administrationofficialscouldcomfortthemselveswiththeargumentthattheyweremakingprogressintheonlywaypossible,byputtinginplaceaninternationalsystemthatwouldbereadytousewhenAmericabecameseriousaboutclimatechange.

【答案】當(dāng)然，美國(guó)在環(huán)境問(wèn)題上也是如此，幾乎每一個(gè)成功的國(guó)際制度都植根于美國(guó)的國(guó)內(nèi)法。

在某種程度上，這反映出許多國(guó)家政府在不確定其他國(guó)家是否會(huì)效仿的情況下，不愿意采取國(guó)內(nèi)行動(dòng)，這是可以理解的?？紤]到全球氣候變化的原因，如果一個(gè)國(guó)家單獨(dú)行動(dòng)，只會(huì)導(dǎo)致成本增加，而不會(huì)取得實(shí)質(zhì)性的進(jìn)展。

在選舉期間，選民會(huì)優(yōu)先考慮到教育、社會(huì)保障和稅收。

盡管克林頓將該稅主要宣傳為一項(xiàng)稅收，而不是一項(xiàng)氣候變化措施，并使其適用于所有能源，而不僅僅對(duì)于溫室氣體，但是本可以通過(guò)提高能源價(jià)格使稅收抑制溫室氣體排放，而一些氣候變化積極參與者正是從這個(gè)角度看問(wèn)題的。

在某種程度上，對(duì)國(guó)際談判的關(guān)注是由國(guó)際氣候日常工作本身不可阻擋的勢(shì)頭所趨使的，幾乎每年都會(huì)召開(kāi)大型會(huì)議，這使氣候變化問(wèn)題處于首要地位。

當(dāng)然，這種方法不可能無(wú)限地發(fā)揮作用，因?yàn)閷?duì)抗全球變暖的國(guó)際政策最終需要國(guó)內(nèi)采取一些措施。

這樣一來(lái)，政策實(shí)施人員就可以安慰自己，說(shuō)道他們正在以唯一可能的方式-建立一個(gè)國(guó)際體系的方法取得進(jìn)展。一旦美國(guó)開(kāi)始嚴(yán)肅對(duì)待氣候變化問(wèn)題時(shí)，就可以隨時(shí)使用這個(gè)體系。

10.單選題

Theclothesapersonwearsmayexpresshis（

）orsocialposition.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.curiosity

B.status

C.determination

D.significance

【答案】B

【解析】名詞詞義辨析題。A選項(xiàng)curiosity“好奇心，求知欲”;B選項(xiàng)status“地位，身份”;C選項(xiàng)determination“決心，果斷，堅(jiān)定”；D選項(xiàng)significance“（尤指對(duì)將來(lái)有影響的）重要性，意義”。根據(jù)表示并列的連詞or和后面的名詞“socialposition社會(huì)地位”確定B選項(xiàng)正確。

11.翻譯題

TheChinesepresenceinthecoloniesstirredmanyAustraliananxieties.AustraliancolonistslikedtothinkofthemselvesasBritish,buttheybegantoseetheywereBritishinstrangegeo-politicalsurroundings.TheysuspectedAustraliamightbeonagreatChinesefloodplain.ItwasclearlywellwithinreachofChineseinfluence.California,anothergoldrushsociety,hadalsoexperiencedasubstantialinfluxofChinese.TherealizationgrewthatAustraliashouldnotlookjusttoBritain.ItsharedstrategicinterestswithotherwhitecommunitiesinthePacific,especiallywithAmerica.Butthepacificwasacontestedocean.Fromthe1880s,itwasincreasinglyapparentthatChinaandJapanwerealsonearbyPacificnations.

(1)ThepresenceofsomanyChineseintensifieddebateonthepotentialcharacterofAustraliansociety.Potentconcernshaddevelopedaboutcivicvaluesingoldrushcommunities,concernsaggravatedbyAustralia'sconvictorigins.Goldwasaseductive,richlymythologizedsubstance.ItsdiscoveryintheAustraliancoloniespublicizedtheirpotentialmorethananythingelsehadyetdone.Goldattractedayoung,cosmopolitan,ambitious,predominantlywhitemalepopulation,oftenimbuedwithadvanceddemocraticviews.YetasDavidGoodmanhasshown,thisinfluxstirredanxietiesaboutthemoralstabilityofthesegold-seekingcommunities.Agold-obsessedsocietyappearedapoorfoundationforastableculturedsociety.Manysocialcommentatorsfoundtheprospectthatworkingmencouldgainsuddenwealthinthiswayverydisturbing.Wouldpeoplestillvalueachievementswroughtbysteadylabourandindustrioushabits?Whatwouldhappentomoralvalues?(2)Therewasanothermoredisturbingthought.IfAustraliacouldproduceonlytheserough,uncivilizedcommunities,mightitnotlosethemoralauthoritybywhichAustralians,claimingtherightsofasuperiorculture,soughtexclusiveaccesstothecontinent?WereAustraliansstillworthyoftheirimmenseopportunities?

QuestionsoftenureandentitlementwereintensifiedbythedispossessionoftheAustralianAborigines.OneofthemainjustificationsusedatthattimefortakingoverAboriginallandcamefromthebeliefthattheywereaprimitive,nomadicpeoplewithnofixedsettlementsorhabitsofagriculture.Itwasthoughtthattheydidnotvaluetheirlandandhadnocapacitytodevelopit(3)Oneofthetroublingparadoxesofgoldseekingpopulationswasthattheyalsowereahighlymobilewanderingtribe,insomewayssimilartotheAboriginestheysoughttodisplace.AnxietiesaboutthecontinuityofwhitesettlementinAustraliaintensifiedimpulsestovilifyAboriginesandtokeepAsiansout.Themajorquestionrevolvedaroundentitlementtotheland.(4)Inthebluntlanguageofthelatenineteenthcentury,ifwhitehadreplacedblackbecauseblackwasnotdevelopingthecontinent,whyshouldyellownotreplacewhiteonpreciselythesamegrounds?IfEuropeancommunitiesinAustraliawerenotseentobecivilizedandproductive,thecaseforsoletenureofAustraliabywhitesmightbeseriouslyweakened.

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage,andthentranslatetheunderlinedpartsnumberedfrom(1)to(4),fromEnglishintoChinese.PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】（1）這么多中國(guó)人的出現(xiàn)加劇了這場(chǎng)關(guān)于澳大利亞社會(huì)潛在性格的爭(zhēng)論。淘金社區(qū)的公民價(jià)值觀引起了人們強(qiáng)烈的關(guān)注,這種關(guān)注又因澳大利亞人原本就是罪犯的后裔而變得更為嚴(yán)重。黃金是一種充滿(mǎn)誘惑而又富有神話(huà)色彩的物質(zhì)。

（2）還有另一種更令人不安的思想。如果澳大利亞只能形成這些粗俗而又不文明的社區(qū),那么對(duì)于聲稱(chēng)享有優(yōu)等文化權(quán)利的澳大利亞人來(lái)說(shuō),難道不會(huì)丟失他們建立在找到通往澳洲大陸的獨(dú)有途徑上的那份道德權(quán)威嗎？澳大利亞人仍然值得擁有巨大的機(jī)遇嗎？

（3）淘金社區(qū)的人們有一個(gè)令人煩惱的悖論,即他們也是高度漂移的部落,這在某些方面類(lèi)似于他們?cè)噲D取代的土著居民。因?yàn)閾?dān)憂(yōu)白人殖民者在澳大利亞定居的連續(xù)性,促使他們對(duì)土著居民進(jìn)行誹謗和驅(qū)逐亞洲人。

（4）用十九世紀(jì)末生硬的語(yǔ)言來(lái)講,如果白人取代黑人是因?yàn)楹谌藳](méi)有發(fā)展澳洲大陸,那么為什么依據(jù)同樣的理由黃色人就不應(yīng)該去取代白人呢？如果在澳大利亞的歐洲社區(qū)不被看作是文明并富有成效的,完全由白人統(tǒng)治澳大利亞的狀況就有可能被嚴(yán)重削弱。

12.寫(xiě)作題

WritealettertothedeanofadepartmentofauniversityintheUnitedStates,applyingforadmittancetothedepartmentasavisitingscholar.

1.Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.

2.Thecontentsincludewhatyouaregoingtodointhedepartment,andtheexplanationofthesourceofyourlivingexpenses.

3.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“LiMing”instead.

4.Donotwritetheaddress.

【答案】DearSirorMadam,

MynameisLiMing.IamayoungteacherofEnglishfromWuhanUniversityofTechnology.IhavebeendevotingmyselftotranslationfromChineseintoEnglishandviceversaforquitealongtimeandhavepublishedalargenumberoftranslatedtexts.Butinmyowneyes,theyarefarfromperfect.Whyaretheyimperfect?Ithinktheyresultfromalackoftheguidanceoftranslationtheories,especiallyWesternones,whichwillundoubtedlydogoodtomyteachingcareerinChina.Undersuchcircumstances,IwishtofurthermyresearchbybeingavisitingscholarofyouruniversitybecauseIthinkhighlyofitsexcellentacademicatmosphere.Whenitcomestofinancialsupport,ChinaScholarshipCouncilhasdecidedtoprovidemewithscholarshipneededtostudyabroad.

IwouldappreciateitverymuchifyoucouldacceptmeasavisitingscholarandIamlookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon.

Yoursrespectfully

LiMing

13.單選題

Inmanycountriesnow,smokingisnot______inpublicplaces.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.permissive

B.permutable

C.pernicious

D.permissible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)permissive“寬容的”；B選項(xiàng)permutable“可排列的；能交換的”；C選項(xiàng)pernicious“有害的；惡性的；致命的；險(xiǎn)惡的”；D選項(xiàng)permissible“可允許的；獲得準(zhǔn)許的”。句意：在許多國(guó)家，吸煙在公共場(chǎng)所是不……。結(jié)合句意，A，B，C選項(xiàng)可以排除，D選項(xiàng)permissible（可允許的；獲得準(zhǔn)許的）最符合語(yǔ)意，吸煙在公眾場(chǎng)合是不被允許的，因此選項(xiàng)D正確。

14.單選題

Discontentwiththecostandsometimesimpersonaldeliveryofhealthcarehasfueled

A

B

growthinalternativemedicine,nowa$14billions-a-yearindustry.

C

D

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sometimes

B.hasfueled

C.alternative

D.$14billions-a-year

【答案】B

【解析】考查主謂一致。主語(yǔ)為discontentwiththecost（對(duì)成本的不滿(mǎn)）和impersonaldeliveryofhealthcare（非個(gè)人醫(yī)療服務(wù)的提供）表示的是兩件不同的事，因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

試題答案：B;havefueled

15.單選題

Changingfromsolidtoliquid,watertakesinheatfromallsubstancesnearitandthis_______producesartificialcoldsurroundingit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.absorption

B.transition

C.consumption

D.interaction

【答案】A

【解析】absorption吸收;transition過(guò)渡,轉(zhuǎn)變;consumption消費(fèi),消耗;interaction相互作用。句意：水從固體變成液體,會(huì)吸收附近所有物質(zhì)的熱量,這種吸收會(huì)在周?chē)a(chǎn)生人工寒潮。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

16.翻譯題

環(huán)境與我們的生存息息相關(guān)。越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境污染影響了我們的生活，我們理當(dāng)應(yīng)該更加重視環(huán)境保護(hù)問(wèn)題。

近年來(lái)，由于車(chē)輛和工廠不斷增加，空氣和生活品質(zhì)也不斷惡化。此外，許多人缺乏公德心，亂丟垃圾，以致污染了湖泊和河流。更重要的是，農(nóng)民大量使用化學(xué)藥物使食物中毒事件一再發(fā)生。長(zhǎng)此下去，我們將呼吸不到新鮮的空氣，喝不到純凈的水，吃不到營(yíng)養(yǎng)的食物了。

正因?yàn)閱?wèn)題很?chē)?yán)重，環(huán)境污染受到了各個(gè)國(guó)家政府的關(guān)注。就拿中國(guó)政府為例，2001年，全國(guó)環(huán)境污染治理投資為1106.6億元，比上年增加4.3%，人民也會(huì)公開(kāi)談?wù)撜畬?duì)于環(huán)境污染的新舉措?？偟膩?lái)說(shuō)，環(huán)境污染加劇的情況得到了一些控制。

畢竟，我們只有一個(gè)地球可以居住，保護(hù)環(huán)境非常重要。我們主張嚴(yán)格控制環(huán)境以保護(hù)環(huán)境。同時(shí)，不僅僅是政府，每一個(gè)人，不管你住在哪里，都應(yīng)該盡力保護(hù)環(huán)境。以免其惡化。

【答案】Theexistenceofhumansisdirectlyboundwiththeenvironmentinwhichwelive.Weshouldpaymoreattentiontoenvironmentalprotectionbecauseoftheinfluenceofmoreandmoreseriousenvironmentalpollutiononourliving.

Inrecentyears,withtheincreasingnumberofcarsandfactories,thequalityofairandlivingisworsening.Inaddition,lackingofsocialmorality,somepeoplelitterrubbishatwill,whichcontaminateslakesandrivers.What’sworse,farmer’soverusingchemicaldrugsleadtorepeatedincidentsoffoodpoisoning.Ifthesituationgoesonlikethis,wewon’thavefreshairtobreathe,purewatertodrink,ornourishingfoodtoeat.

Differentgovernmentsattachgreatimportanceonenvironmentalpollutionduetotheseverityofthesituation.TakeChinesegovernmentasanexample,in2011,theinvestmentforenvironmentalpollutiontreatmentcometo110.66billionyuan,anincreaseof4.3percentcomparedwiththepreviousyear.Andpeopletalkedopenlyaboutthegovernment’snewmeasuresagainstenvironmentalpollution.Inshort,thetendencytoworseningenvironmentalpollutionhasbeencontrolled.

Afterall,thereisonlyoneearth.Itisveryimportanttoprotectenvironment.Weadvocatestrictcontrolofpollutiontoprotectenvironment.Meanwhile,everyone,besidesthegovernment,nomatterwhereyouare,shouldtryone’sbesttopreventtheenvironmentfromdeteriorating.

17.單選題

ThoughEnglishwasonthewholeprosperousandhopeful,thoughcomparisonwithherneighborssheenjoyedinternalpeace,shecouldnotevadethefactthattheworldofwhichsheformedapartwastombyhatredandstrifeasfierceasanyinhumanhistory.Menwerestillfarfromrecognizingthattworeligionscouldexistsidebysideinthesamesociety;theybelievedthatthetolerationofanotherreligiondifferentfromtheirown,andhencenecessarilyfalse,mustinevitablydestroysuchasocietyandbringthesoulsofallitsmembersintodangerofhell.Sothestrugglewentonwithincreasingfurywithineachnationtoimposeasinglecreeduponeverysubject,andwithinthegeneralsocietyofChristendomtoimposeituponeverynation.InEnglandtheReformers,orProtestants,aidedbythepoweroftheCrown,hadatthisstagetriumphed,butoverEuropeasawholeRomewasbeginningtorecoversomeofthegroundithadlostafterMartinLuther’srevoltintheearlierpartofthecentury.Itdidthisintwoways,bytheactivitiesofitsmissionaries,asinpartsofGermany,orbythemilitarymightoftheCatholicPowers,asintheLowCountries,wheretheDutchprovincesweresometimesneartheirlastextremityunderthepressureofSpanisharms.AgainstEngland,themostimportantofalltheProtestantnationstoreconquer,militarymightwasnotyetpossiblebecausetheCatholicPowersweretoooccupiedanddivided:andso,inthe1570’sRomebentherefforts,asshehaddoneathousandyearsbeforeinthedaysofSaintAugustine,towinEnglandbackbymeansofhermissionaries.

ThesewereyoungEnglishmenwhohadeithernevergivenuptheoldfaith,orhavingdoneso,hadreturnedtoitandfeltcalledtobecomepriests.Therebeing,ofcourse,noCatholicseminariesleftinEngland,theywentabroad,atfirstquiteeasily,laterwithdifficultyanddanger,tostudyintheEnglishcollegesatDouaiorRome:theformerestablishedforthetrainingofordinaryorsecularclergy,theotherforthemembertheSocietyofJesus,commonlyknownasJesuits,anewOrderestablishedbySt.IgnatiusLoyolasomethirtyyearsbefore.Thesecularscamefirst;theyachievedasuccess,whicheventhemosteagercouldhardlyhaveexpected.Cool-mindedandwell-informedmen,likeCecil,hadlongsurmisedthattheconversionoftheEnglishpeopletoProtestantismwasfarfromcomplete;many-Cecilthoughteventhemajority-hadconformedoutoffear,self-interestor-possiblythecommonestreasonofall-sheerbewildermentattherapidchangesindoctrineandformsofworshipimposedontheminsoshortatime.Thusithappenedthatthemissionariesfoundawelcome,notonlywiththefamilieswhohadsecretlyofferedthemhospitalityiftheycame,butwithmanyotherswhomtheirfirsthostsinvitedtomeetthemorpassedthemonto.Theywouldandattheportsindisguise,asmerchants,courtiersorwhatnot,professingsomeplausiblebusinessinthecountry,andmakebydeviouswaysfortheirfirsthouseofrefuge.TheretheywouldadministertheSacramentsandpreachtothehouseholdsandtosuchoftheneighborsastheirhoststrustedandpresentlygoontosomeotherlocalitytowhichtheyweredirectedforfromwhichtheyreceivedacall.

1.Themainideaofthispassageis（

）.

2.Thereligiousstrifementionedinthepassageisbetween（

）.

3.WhatwasMartinLuther'sreligion?

4.ThroughwhatwaydidtheRomerecoversomeofthelostland?

5.Whatdidthesecondparagraphmainlydescribe?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thecontinuityofthereligiousstruggleinBritaininnewways

B.theconversionofreligioninBritain

C.thevictoryofthenewreligioninBritain

D.Englandbecameprosperous

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.ReformersandProtestants

B.CatholicpoursandJesuits

C.Catholicpowersandprotestants

D.MartinLutherandSt.Augustine

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Buddhism

B.Protestantism

C.Catholicism

D.Orthodox

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Civilandmilitaryways

B.Propagandaandaback,

C.Persuasionandcriticism

D.Religiousandmilitaryways

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.TheactivitiesofmissionariesinBritain.

B.TheconversionofEnglishpeopletoProtestantismwasfarfromcomplete.

C.TheyounginBritainbegantoconverttoCatholicism.

D.Mostfamiliesofferedhospitalitytomissionaries.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.這篇文章的中心思想是“英國(guó)宗教斗爭(zhēng)以新的方式繼續(xù)進(jìn)行，所以A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)‘英國(guó)宗教的轉(zhuǎn)變’、C選項(xiàng)‘新教在英國(guó)的勝利’和D選項(xiàng)‘英國(guó)變得繁榮’都是文章談到具體事情，不是主題思想。

2.根據(jù)文章第一段：InEnglandtheReformers,orProtestants,aidedbythepoweroftheCrown,hadatthisstagetriumphed,butoverEuropeasawholeRomewasbeginningtorecoversomeofthegroundithadlostafterMartinLuther’srevoltintheearlierpartofthecentury在英國(guó)，改革者，或新教徒，在國(guó)王權(quán)力的幫助下，在這個(gè)階段取得了勝利，但是在整個(gè)歐洲，羅馬開(kāi)始收復(fù)在本世紀(jì)早期馬丁?路德起義后失去的部分失地。和Itdidthisintwoways,bytheactivitiesofitsmissionaries,asinpartsofGermany,orbythemilitarymightoftheCatholicPowers,它通過(guò)兩種方式做到了這一點(diǎn)，通過(guò)傳教士的活動(dòng)，比如在德國(guó)的部分地區(qū)，或者通過(guò)天主教強(qiáng)國(guó)的軍事力量，確定C選項(xiàng)‘天主教勢(shì)力與新教的勢(shì)力’正確。

3.因?yàn)榱_馬教皇推行的是天主教。這在第一段第四句InEnglandtheReformers,orProtestants,aidedbythepoweroftheCrown,hadatthisstagetriumphed,butoverEuropeasawholeRomewasbeginningtorecoversomeofthegroundithadlostafterMartinLuther’srevoltintheearlierpartofthecentury.“在英國(guó)，宗教改革者，或者說(shuō)基督教，在英國(guó)皇權(quán)的協(xié)助下，此時(shí)己取得勝利；而作為整個(gè)歐洲來(lái)說(shuō)，羅馬教皇已經(jīng)開(kāi)始恢復(fù)世紀(jì)初馬丁?路德反叛后所失去的一些地盤(pán)?！瘪R丁?路德是改革者，也就是基督教。所以B選項(xiàng)‘新教‘正確。

4.第一段第五句Itdidthisintwoways,bytheactivitiesofitsmissionaries,asinpartsofGermany,orbythemilitarymightoftheCatholicPowers,asintheLowCountries,wheretheDutchprovincesweresometimesneartheirlastextremityunderthepressureofSpanisharms.教皇用兩種辦法進(jìn)行恢復(fù)，一種就像在部分德國(guó)地區(qū)進(jìn)行的那樣通過(guò)傳教士的活動(dòng)，另一種象在低地國(guó)里進(jìn)行的，通過(guò)天主教國(guó)家的軍事力量。那里荷蘭的幾個(gè)省份在西班牙的軍事壓力下，常常是被逼迫得幾乎走投無(wú)路的。所以D選項(xiàng)‘宗教和軍事方式’正確。

5.第二段講到：這些英國(guó)青年或者根本沒(méi)有放棄老的信仰，或者放棄以后又重新歸返舊教，應(yīng)召成為牧師。英國(guó)當(dāng)然沒(méi)有剩下天主教神學(xué)院，他們就出國(guó)，開(kāi)始很容易，后來(lái)，有困難甚至有危險(xiǎn)，到杜?；蛄_馬英文學(xué)院就讀。前者專(zhuān)為培養(yǎng)一般或修道院外的牧師而建。后者是培養(yǎng)耶酥會(huì)教士，通稱(chēng)天主耶酥會(huì)會(huì)士，是約三十年前圣?羅拉創(chuàng)建的一種神職。在杜埃學(xué)習(xí)的牧師先回來(lái)，他們?nèi)〉昧肆钊艘庀氩坏降某晒?。頭腦冷靜，信息靈通人士，像西塞爾這種政治家，長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，一直猜度，英國(guó)人歸返基督教新教的過(guò)程遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有完成。許多人--西塞爾甚至認(rèn)為是大多數(shù)的人，因出于恐懼、利己或者可能是其它原因——他們被在那么短的時(shí)期內(nèi)強(qiáng)加到他們身上的信仰形式，飛快變更的教義搞糊涂了。所以A選項(xiàng)‘傳教士活動(dòng)在英國(guó)‘正確。B選項(xiàng)‘英國(guó)人歸反基督教的事情遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有完成’和C選項(xiàng)‘在英國(guó)青年開(kāi)始?xì)w反天主教’都是傳教活動(dòng)開(kāi)始的原因，不是第二段主要內(nèi)容。D選項(xiàng)‘大多數(shù)家庭禮待傳教士‘是第二段最后幾行談到這些傳教士秘密來(lái)到英國(guó)后的情況。

18.單選題

Hetopsamongthebestcarracingofthepastfiftyyears.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.projects

B.shows

C.displays

D.rates

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)projects“計(jì)劃；設(shè)計(jì)”；B選項(xiàng)shows“展示，表演”；C選項(xiàng)displays“顯示”；D選項(xiàng)rates“比率；等級(jí)”。句意：他在過(guò)去五十年最好的賽車(chē)比賽中名列前茅。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵短語(yǔ)thebestcarracing（最好的賽車(chē)比賽），B，C選項(xiàng)意思相近可以排除，A選項(xiàng)projects（設(shè)計(jì)）也可排除，D選項(xiàng)rates（等級(jí)）最符合詞義。

19.單選題

Ifyouworkunderacarwhenrepairingit,youoftengetvery（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.waxy

B.slippery

C.sticky

D.greasy

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。waxy“蠟制的，柔軟的”；slippery“狡猾的，不穩(wěn)定的”；sticky“粘的，粘性的”；greasy“油膩的，油脂的，諂媚的”。句意：如果你在車(chē)底下修車(chē)，你通常會(huì)沾滿(mǎn)油脂。D項(xiàng)符合題意。

20.單選題

Itisa（

）thatinsucharichcountrythereshouldbesomanypoorpeople.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.debate

B.dispute

C.dilemma

D.paradox

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)debate“辯論，討論”；B選項(xiàng)dispute“辯論，爭(zhēng)吵”；C選項(xiàng)dilemma“困境，進(jìn)退兩難”；D選項(xiàng)paradox“悖論，自相矛盾的人或事”。句意：在如此富裕的國(guó)家竟然有那么多窮人，這是一個(gè)多么矛盾的事情。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

21.單選題

IhavedevotedfourweekendstowritingpapersandnowIfeelI（

）arest.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.deserve

B.preserve

C.conceive

D.receive

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。deserve“應(yīng)得，應(yīng)受”；preserve“保存”；conceive“設(shè)想‘懷孕”；receive“收到”。句意：我花了四個(gè)周末寫(xiě)論文，現(xiàn)在覺(jué)得我應(yīng)該休息一下了。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

22.翻譯題

42.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.(15’)

中央電視臺(tái)春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會(huì)（簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)“春晚”）自1983年開(kāi)辦以來(lái)，已成為中國(guó)人文化生活中不可缺少的文化消費(fèi)品和一個(gè)揮之不去的文化符號(hào)。雖然眾口難調(diào)，但必須承認(rèn)的是，“春晚”已成為公眾所不可缺少的“新民俗”。春晚不僅是一臺(tái)晚會(huì)，更是一種儀式與象征，一種文化與標(biāo)簽，一種情感與寄托。隨著時(shí)代發(fā)展及新媒體的出現(xiàn)，觀眾的選擇和需求日漸多樣化，“春晚”也在與時(shí)俱進(jìn)，以滿(mǎn)足大眾日益增長(zhǎng)的文化需求。

【答案】【參考譯文】

TheCCTVSpringFestivalGala(SpringFestivalGalaforshort),whichwasstartedin1983,hasbecomeanindispensableculturalconsumerproductandaculturalsymbolintheculturallifeoftheChinesepeople.Thoughit’shardtosatisfythetastesofallthepeople,ithastobeadmittedthattheSpringFestivalGalahasbecomea“newcustom”forthepublicthattheycan’tlivewithout.TheSpringFestivalGalaismorethanagala;itisaritualandasymbol,acultureandalabel,andanemotionandaplacewherepeopleentrusttheirheartsto.Withthedevelopmentofthetimesandtheemergingofnewmedia,theaudiencesarehavingmorediversifiedchoicesanddemands.Corresponding,theSpringFestivalGalaisalsoadvancingwiththetimestosatisfythegrowingculturalneedsofthepeople.

23.單選題

Californiaisalandofvarietyandcontrast.Almosteverytypeofphysicallandfeaturesortofarcticicefieldsandtropicaljunglescanbefoundwithinitsborders.Sharplycontrastingtypesoflandoftenlieveryclosetooneanother.PeoplelivinginBakersfield,forinstance,canvisitthePacificOceanandthecoastalplain,thefertileSanJoaquinValley,thearidMojaveDesert,andthehighSierraNevada,allwithinaradiusofabout100miles.

Inotherareasitispossibletogosnowskiinginthemorningandsurfingintheeveningofthesameday,withouthavingtotravellongdistance.

ContrastaboundsinCalifornia.ThehighestpointintheUnitedStates(outsideAlaska)isinCalifornia,andsoisthelowestpoint(includingAlaska).MountWhitney,14,494feetabovesealevel,isseparatedfromDeathValley,282feetbelowsealevel,byadistanceofonly100miles.

Thetwoareashaveadifferenceinaltitudeofalmostthreemiles.Californiahasdeep,clearmountainlakeslikeLakeTahoe,thedeepestinthecountry,butitalsohasshallow,saltydesertlakes.IthasLakeTulainyo,12,020feetabovesealevel,andthelowestlakeinthecountry,theSaltonSea,236feetbelowsealevel.Someofitslakes,likeOwensLakeinDeathValley,arenotlakesatall:theyaredried-uplakebeds.Inadditiontomountains,lakes,valleys,desertsandplateaus,CaliforniahasitsPacificcoastline,stretchinglongerthanthecoastlinesofOregonandWashingtoncombined.

1.WhichofthefollowingisthelowestpointintheUnitedStates?

2.WhereisthehighestpointintheUnitedStateslocated?

3.HowfarawayisDeathValleyfromMountWhitney?

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassageasbeingwithinaradiusofabout100milesofBakersfield?

5.WhichstatementbeatdemonstratesthatCaliforniaisalandofvarietyandcontrast?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.LakeTulainyo

B.MojaveDesert

C.DeathValley

D.TheSaltonSea

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.LakeTahoe

B.SierraNevada

C.MountWhiney

D.Alaska

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.About3miles

B.Only100miles

C.282feet

D.14,494feet

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.ThePacificOcean

B.SanJoaquinValley

C.MojaveDesert

D.OregonandWashington

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.ThehighestlakeinCaliforniaisLakeTulainyo.

B.ItispossibletogosurfingandsnowskiinginsomepartsofCaliforniawithouthavingtotravellongdistance.

C.SierraNevada,SanJoaquinValley,MojaveDesertandthePacificOceanallliewithinaradiusofabout100miles.

D.OwensLake,inDeathValley,isnotreallyalakeatall.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第三段中ThehighestpointintheUnitedStates(outsideAlaska)isinCalifornia,andsoisthelowestpoint(includingAlaska).MountWhitney,14,494feetabovesealevel,isseparatedfromDeathValley,282feetbelowsealevel,byadistanceofonly100miles.可知美國(guó)的最高點(diǎn)（阿拉斯加以外）和最低點(diǎn)（包括阿拉斯加）都在加利福尼亞，MountWhitney（惠特尼峰）為最高點(diǎn)，海拔14,494英尺，DeathValley（死谷）為最低點(diǎn)，海拔低于海平面282英尺。

第2題:推理判斷題。由文章第三段中ThehighestpointintheUnitedStates(outsideAlaska)i