考研考博-英語-云南司法警官職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-云南司法警官職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Withaneighty-hourweekandlittleenjoyment,lifemusthavebeenvery____forthenineteenth-centuryfactoryworkers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hostile

B.anxious

C.tedious

D.obscure

【答案】C

【解析】考查上下文語義。A選項(xiàng)hostile“敵對的；懷有敵意的”；B選項(xiàng)anxious“焦慮的；急切的”；C選項(xiàng)tedious“沉悶的，無聊的”；D選項(xiàng)obscure“模糊的，不清楚的”。句意：對于19世紀(jì)工廠的工人來說，每周工作80個(gè)小時(shí)，沒有什么樂趣，這種生活一定很____。從沒有l(wèi)ittleenjoyment“沒什么樂趣”可以看出，這種生活很無聊，C選項(xiàng)最符合句意。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

2.填空題

Theradioisn’tloud（1）.Couldyouturnit（2）please?

【答案】enough;up

【解析】1.語義題。句意:收音機(jī)的聲音還不夠大。請你調(diào)大一點(diǎn)，可以嗎？此空應(yīng)填一個(gè)后置定語,故填enough符合句意。

2.固定搭配。Turnup調(diào)大音量。

3.單選題

HesuddenlysawSue__theroom.Hepushedhisway____thecrowdofpeopletogettoher.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.across,across

B.over,through

C.over,into

D.across,through

【答案】D

【解析】考查介詞的用法。across表示從物體表面穿過，一般指穿過馬路，街道等沒有遮掩的地方；through表示從空間內(nèi)部穿過，一般指穿過森林等有遮掩的地方；over表示從上面越過；into表示進(jìn)入。句意：他突然看見Sue走到了房間那邊，他擠過人群向她走過去。

根據(jù)題意，只有D項(xiàng)符合。

4.單選題

Asageneralrule,privateindividualsarefreetorefusetobuygoodsorservicesfromabusiness（）thatthebusinesshastradinglinkswithacountrywhichisunderthecontrolofagovernmentofwhichtheydisapprove.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ontheground

B.onthegrounds

C.fortheground

D.forthegrounds

【答案】B

【解析】介詞詞組辨析。ontheground“在地上，在決斗”；onthegrounds“由于的原因”；for不能和ground搭配，所以排除C和D項(xiàng)。句意：一般來說，個(gè)人可以自由地拒絕從一個(gè)企業(yè)購買商品或者服務(wù)，原因是該企業(yè)與他們不贊成的政府控制的國家有貿(mào)易聯(lián)系。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.單選題

Between1974and1997,thenumberofoverseasvisitorsexpanded（

）27%.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.by

B.for

C.to

D.in

【答案】A

【解析】介詞辨析題。expandby“增加了”；expandfor“擴(kuò)展為”；expandto“增加到”；expandin“在……中增加”。

句意：在1974年到1997年間，海外游客的數(shù)量增加了27%。選項(xiàng)A符合語境。

6.單選題

Lifeinsuranceisfinancialprotectionfordependentsagainstloss（）thebread-winner'sdeath.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.atthecostof

B.onthevergeof

C.asaresultof

D.forthesakeof

【答案】C

【解析】atthecostof

以...為代價(jià)；onthevergeof瀕臨于,

接近于；asaresultof因此,

由于；forthesakeof為了。句意：人壽保險(xiǎn)為被保者的家屬提供經(jīng)濟(jì)保障,

以防止因養(yǎng)家糊口的人去世而造成的損失。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

7.單選題

Foreignbusinessmen（）hesitatetoinvestalargesumofmoneyinatime-consumingandhigh-costprojectifthecountryisunderpoliticaldisturbances.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.permanently

B.routinely

C.temporarily

D.unswervingly

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞辨析。permanently“永久地；長期不變地”；routinely“例行公事地，老一套地”；temporarily“臨時(shí)地”；unswervingly“堅(jiān)定不移地”。句意：如果一個(gè)國家政局不穩(wěn)，外商通常會(huì)猶豫是否投資耗時(shí)長、成本高的項(xiàng)目。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

8.單選題

Thereweretwowidelydivergentinfluencesontheearldevelopmentofstatisticalmethods.Statisticshadamotherwhowasdedicatedtokeepingorderlyrecordsofgovernmentalunitsandagentlemanlygamblingfatherwhoreliedonmathematicstoincreasehisskillatplayingtheoddsingamesofchance.Theinfluenceofthemotherontheoffspring,statistics,isrepresentedbycounting,measuring,describing,tabulating,ordering,andthetakingofcensuses,allofwhichledtomoderndescriptivestatistics.Fromtheinfluenceofthefathercamemoderninferentialstatistics,whichisbasedsquarelyontheoriesofprobability.

Descriptivestatisticsinvolvestabulating,depicting,anddescribingcollectionsofdata.Thesedatamaybeeitherquantitative,suchasmeasuresofheight,intelligence,orgradelevel-variables，thatarecharacterizedbytheunderlyingcontinuumorthedatamayrepresentqualitativevariables,suchassex,collegemajor,orpersonalitytype.Largemassesofdatamustgenerallyundergoaprocessofsummarizationorreductionbeforetheyarecomprehensible.Descriptivestatisticsisatoolfordescribingorsummarizing,orreducingtocomprehensibleformthepropertiesofanotherwiseunwieldymassofdata.

Inferentialstatisticsisaformalizedbodyofmethodsforsolvinganotherclassofproblemsthatpresentgreatdifficultiesfortheunaidedhumanmind.Thisgeneralclassofproblemscharacteristicallyinvolvesattemptstomakepredictionsusingasampleofobservations.Forexample,aschoolsuperintendentwishestodeterminetheproportionofchildreninalargeschoolsystem,whocometoschoolwithoutbreakfasthavebeenvaccinatedforflu,orwhatever.Havingalittleknowledgeofstatistics,thesuperintendentwouldknowthatitisunnecessaryandinefficienttoquestioneachchild;theproportionfortheentiredistrictcouldbeestimatedfairlyaccuratelyfromasampleofasfewas100children.Thus,thepurposeofinferentialstatisticsistopredictorestimatecharacteristicsofapopulationfromaknowledgeofthecharacteristicsofonlyasampleofthepopulation.

31.Thepassageismainlyconcernedwith______.

32.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,countinganddescribingareassociatedwith______.

33.Whydoestheauthormention“mother”and“father”inthefirstparagraph?

34.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutdescriptivestatisticsisbestsupportedbythepassage?

35.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthepurposeofexaminingasampleorapopulation?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thedrawbacksofdescriptiveandinferentialstatistics

B.applicationsofinferentialstatistics

C.thedevelopmentanduseofstatistics

D.howtousedescriptivestatistics

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.inferentialstatistics

B.descriptivestatistics

C.unknownvariables

D.qualitativechanges

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Topointoutthatparentscanteachtheirchildrenstatistics.

B.Tointroduceinferentialstatistics.

C.Toexplainthattherearedifferentkindsofvariables.

D.Topresentthebackgroundofstatisticsinahumorousandunderstandableway.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itsimplifiesunwieldymassesofdata.

B.Itleadstoincreasedvariability.

C.Itsolvesallnumericalproblems.

D.Itchangesqualitativevariablestoquantitativevariables.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Tocomparedifferentgroups.

B.Topredictcharacteristicsoftheentirepopulation.

C.Toconsiderallthequantitativevariables.

D.Totabulatecollectionsofdata.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】31.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】主旨大意題。文章第一段介紹了統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)的誕生，接著介紹了兩種統(tǒng)計(jì)方法：描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)和推斷性統(tǒng)計(jì)可以解決的問題，說明本文主要講的是統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)的發(fā)展和應(yīng)用。因此C選項(xiàng)“統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)的發(fā)展和使用”正確。A選項(xiàng)“描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)和推斷性統(tǒng)計(jì)的缺點(diǎn)”，原文只介紹了這兩者的由來，沒有介紹它們的缺點(diǎn)，所以A錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“推斷性統(tǒng)計(jì)的應(yīng)用”，D選項(xiàng)“如何使用描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)”，原文介紹了描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)和推斷性統(tǒng)計(jì)兩者的應(yīng)用，所以B，D錯(cuò)誤。

32.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“countinganddescribing”可以定位到文章第一段第三句Theinfluenceofthemotherontheoffspring,statistics,isrepresentedbycounting,measuring,describing,tabulating,ordering,andthetakingofcensuses,allofwhichledtomoderndescriptivestatistics.（“母親”對其后代統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)的影響表現(xiàn)在計(jì)數(shù)、測量、描述、制表、歸類和人口普查，所有這些導(dǎo)致了現(xiàn)代描述統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)的誕生。），說明計(jì)數(shù)和描述與描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)相關(guān)。因此B選項(xiàng)“描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“推斷性統(tǒng)計(jì)”，C選項(xiàng)“未知變量”，D選項(xiàng)“質(zhì)變”均不符合題意，所以A，C，D錯(cuò)誤。

33.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。第一段中提到“母親”和“父親”用來說明統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)的誕生和起源，運(yùn)用擬人的手法使文章更加生動(dòng)幽默，有助于讀者理解。因此D選項(xiàng)“以幽默、易懂的方式介紹統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)的背景”正確。A選項(xiàng)“指出父母可以教孩子統(tǒng)計(jì)”，B選項(xiàng)“為了介紹推斷性統(tǒng)計(jì)”，C選項(xiàng)“說明變量有不同的種類”均不符合題意，所以A，B，C錯(cuò)誤。

34.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段最后一句Descriptivestatisticsisatoolfordescribingorsummarizing,orreducingtocomprehensibleformthepropertiesofanotherwiseunwieldymassofdata.（描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)是一種工具，它對極其龐雜的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行描述、概括或簡化，使之成為可理解的東西。），說明描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)可以將龐雜的數(shù)據(jù)簡單化。因此A選項(xiàng)“簡化了繁雜的大量數(shù)據(jù)”正確。B選項(xiàng)“導(dǎo)致了變異性的增加”，C選項(xiàng)“可以解決所有的數(shù)值問題”，D選項(xiàng)“把定性變量變?yōu)槎孔兞俊痹谖闹芯鶝]有提及，所以B，C，D錯(cuò)誤。

35.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段最后一句Thus,thepurposeofinferentialstatisticsistopredictorestimatecharacteristicsofapopulationfromaknowledgeofthecharacteristicsofonlyasampleofthepopulation.（因此，推理性統(tǒng)計(jì)的目的就是通過了解整個(gè)群體中一部分樣本的特征，來預(yù)測和估計(jì)整個(gè)群體的特征。），說明考察樣本目的是預(yù)測和估計(jì)整個(gè)群體的特征。因此B選項(xiàng)“預(yù)測整個(gè)群體的特征”正確。A選項(xiàng)“為了比較不同的群體”，C選項(xiàng)“考慮所有的定量變量”，D選項(xiàng)“將數(shù)據(jù)集合制成表格”在文中均沒有提及，所以A，C，D錯(cuò)誤。

9.問答題

Thoseofyouwhoapprovethedeathpenaltymightbeabletogive91.

NewJerseysomeadviceonthatyouthinkthebestwayistoexecutesome-92.

one.It’soneofthestatesthatcan’tdecide.Everyoneisalwayslookingfor

themosthumanemethod,butifyouareamongthepeoplewhothinkthe

deathpenaltyisadeterrentcrime,puttingsomeonetodeathinthemost93.

humanemannerisn’tthebestwaytogetwhatyouaregoingafter.Ifyou94.

wanttoscarecriminalsoffmurder,maybeyou’dwanttoconsideralaw

thatcouldcalluptorturingthemtodeath.95.

Howaboutburyingtheminsanduptotheirchinsandleavethemin96.

thehotsun?I’vereadthattheydoitthatwayinsomeMiddleEastcoun-97.

tries.Thatwouldsurelydeteranywould-bemurdererwhocan’ttakethe

heat,Ishouldthink.

Anotherthingyoushouldconsideradeterrentisthefiringsquad.It’s98.

dramatic,it’slong-drown-out,andunlessyoualsomakeitmandatoryfor99.

thetelevisionnetworkstoshowitontheeveningnews,everyonewould

watchandthinkoftwiceorperhapseventhreeorfourtimesbeforemur-100.

deringanyone.

【答案】91.might→must。

92.that→why。

93.crime→punishment

94.after→for

95.up→upon

96.leave→leaving

97.在thatway前加in

98.在consider后加as

99.在it’s前加上but

100.去掉off

【解析】91.語義題。句意應(yīng)為:你們當(dāng)中贊成死刑的人應(yīng)該給新澤西州說說你們?yōu)槭裁从X得最好的辦法就是處死一個(gè)人。

92.語法分析?？疾橘e語從句。句意應(yīng)為:你們當(dāng)中贊成死刑的人應(yīng)該給新澤西州說說你們?yōu)槭裁从X得最好的辦法就是處死一個(gè)人。

93.語義題。句意：根據(jù)常識(shí)我們也應(yīng)知道，死刑是一種懲罰而不是罪行。

94.固定搭配。goafter追逐,追求;gofor選擇,努力爭取。

95.固定搭配。callupsth.使回憶起，調(diào)出備用;callupon邀請,請求,要求。

96.語法分析。leave和bury一樣，都是about的賓語，故都用ing形式。

97.固定搭配。inthatway以那種方式。

98.固定搭配。considersth.assth.把…看作…。

99.邏輯關(guān)系。兩個(gè)句子間缺乏連接詞，long-drown-out意為“曠日持久的”與前面形成轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系，故加but。

100.固定搭配。thinktwice三思而后行。

10.單選題

We’reinanerawhencomputerhackersarestealingcredit-cardnumbersandothertechnologicallyadeptcriminalsare（）nationalborders.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.transplanting

B.transgressing

C.transforming

D.transmitting

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。transplanting“移植”；transgressing“違反，違法，越界”；transforming“轉(zhuǎn)化，轉(zhuǎn)變”；transmitting“傳遞，傳送”。句意：我們處在電腦黑客盜取信用卡密碼，其他技術(shù)犯罪不斷侵犯國界的一個(gè)時(shí)代。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

11.單選題

Wehaveateamofprofessionalconsultantswhowillpartnerwithourclientstodevelop（）trainingcourses.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.regularized

B.unified

C.specified

D.customized

【答案】D

【解析】句意:我們有一個(gè)專業(yè)的顧問團(tuán)隊(duì),其將與我們的客戶合作開發(fā)定制的培訓(xùn)課程。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為對應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的過去分詞形式。Regularized使有規(guī)則(regularize的過去式和過去分詞),使有秩序,調(diào)整;unified使聯(lián)合(unify的過去式和過去分詞),使相同,使一致;specified指定(specify的過去式和過去分詞),詳述;提出…的條件;customized定制,定做(customize的過去式和過去分詞)。故D符合句意。

12.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingpassageintoChinese

Itiswellthatyoungmenshouldbeginatthebeginningandoccupythemostsubordinatepositions.ManyoftheleadingbusinessmenofPittsburghhadaseriousresponsibilitythrustuponthemattheverythresholdoftheircareer.Theywereintroducedtothebroom,andspentthefirsthoursoftheirbusinesslivessweepingouttheoffice.Inoticewehavejanitorsandjanitressesnowinoffices,andouryoungmenunfortunatelymissthatsalutarybranchofbusinesseducation.Butifbychancetheprofessionalsweeperisabsentanymorning,theboywhohasthegeniusofthefuturepartnerinhimwillnothesitatetotryhishandatthebroom.ItdoesnothurtthenewestcomertosweepouttheofficeifnecessaryIwasoneofthosesweepersmyself.

【答案】年輕人從頭做起，擔(dān)任基層職位，這是件好事。匹茲堡很多有名望的商人在創(chuàng)業(yè)之初都身負(fù)重任。他們拿過掃把，最初都是清掃辦公室。我注意到我們辦公室清潔工人，這使得我們的年輕人不幸失去了一個(gè)受良好商業(yè)教訓(xùn)的機(jī)會(huì)。但是如果某天早晨碰巧那位清潔工人沒有來，某位用于未來合伙人氣質(zhì)的年輕人會(huì)毫不猶豫地拿起掃把。如果有必要，新來的員工在辦公室打掃并沒有什么損失。我就一度自己打掃過。

13.單選題

Howwelookandhowweappeartoothersprobablyworriesusmorewhenareinourteensorearlytwentiesthanatanyothertimeinourlife.Fewofusarecontenttoacceptourselvesasweare,andfewarebraveenoughtoignorethetrendsoffashion.

MostfashionmagazinesorTVadvertisementstrytopersuadeusthatweshoulddressinacertainwayorbehaveinacertainmanner.Ifwedo,theytellus,wewillbeabletomeetnew

peoplewithconfidenceanddealwitheverysituationconfidentlyandwithoutembarrassment.

Changingfashion,ofcourse,doesnotapplyjusttodress.Abarbertodaydoesnotcutaboy’shairinthesamewayasheusedto,andgirlsdonotmakeupinthesamewayastheirmothersandgrandmothersdid.Theadvertisersshowusthelatestfashionablestylesandweareconstantlyunderpressuretofollowthefashionincaseourfriendsthinkweareoddordull.

Whatcausesfashionstochange?Sometimesconvenienceorpracticalnecessityorjustthefancyofaninfluentialpersoncanestablishafashion.Takehatsforexample.Incowclimates,earlybuildingswerecoldinside,sopeopleworehatsindoorsaswellasoutside.Inrecenttimes,thelatePresidentKennedycausedadepressionintheAmericanhatindustrybynotwearinghats:acyclicalpatterninfashion.Inthe1920sinEuropeandAmerica,shortskirtsbecamefashionable.AfterWordWarTwo,theydroppedtoanklelength.Thentheygotshorterandshorteruntiltheminiskirtwasinfashion.Afterafewmoreyears,skirtsbecamelongeragain.

Today,societyismuchfreerandeasierthanitusedtobe.Itisnolongernecessarytodresslikeeveryoneelse?Withinreason,youcandressasyoulikeordoyourhairthewayyoulikeinsteadofthewayyoushouldbecauseitisthefashion.Thepopularityofjeansandthe“untidy”lookseemstobeareactionagainsttheincreasinglyexpensivefashionofmetopfashionhouses.

Atthesametime,appearanceisstillimportantincertaincircumstancesandthenwemustchooseourclothescarefully.Itwouldbefoolishtogotoaninterviewforajobinalawfirmwearingjeansandasweater;anditwouldbediscourteoustovisitsomedistinguishedscholarlookingasifweweregoingtothebeachoranightclub.

However,youneedneverfeeldepressedifyoudon’tlooklikethelatestfashionphoto.Lookaroundyouandyou’llseethatnooneelsedoeseither!

1.Theauthorthinksthatpeopleare（

）.

2.FashionmagazinesandTVadvertisementsseemtolinkfashionto

（

）.

3.Causesoffashionsare

（

）.

4.Present-daysocietyismuchfreerandeasierbecauseitemphasizes

（

）.

5.Whichisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.satisfiedwiththeirappearance

B.concernedaboutappearanceinoldage

C.farfromneglectingwhatisinfashion

D.reluctanttofollowthetrendsinfashion

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.confidenceinlife

B.personaldress

C.individualhairstyle

D.personalfuture

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.uniform

B.varied

C.unknown

D.inexplicable

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.uniformity

B.formality

C.informality

D.individuality

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Careaboutappearanceinformalsituations

B.Fashioninformalandinformalsituations

C.Ignoringappearanceininformalsituations

D.Ignoringappearanceinallsituations

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第一段指出:Howwelookandhowweappeartoothersprobablyworriesusmorewhenweareinourteensorearlytwentiesthanatanyothertimeinourlife.Fewofusarecontenttoacceptourselvesasweare,andfewarebraveenoughtoignorethetrendsoffashion(十多歲或二十出頭的時(shí)候，會(huì)比一生當(dāng)中任何其他時(shí)期都關(guān)注自己的外表。極少人滿意自己的本來面貌，少數(shù)人足夠勇敢忽視時(shí)尚潮流),故選C(完全不忽視時(shí)尚潮流)。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞magazineandTV定位至第二段:MostfashionmagazinesorTVadvertisementstrytopersuadeusthatweshoulddressinacertainwayorbehaveinacertainmanner.Ifwedo,theytellus,wewillbeabletomeetnewpeoplewithconfidenceanddealwitheverysituationconfidentlyandwithoutembarrassment(大多數(shù)時(shí)尚雜志或電視廣告總是告訴我們應(yīng)該穿什么或者應(yīng)該有什么行為。如果我們照做了，他們會(huì)告訴我們，我們可以有信心的交新朋友，充滿信心的處理事情，不會(huì)尷尬)。故選A。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞cause定位至第三段:Whatcausefashionstochange?Sometimesconvenienceorpracticalnecessityorjustthefancyofaninfluentialpersoncanestablishafashion(什么導(dǎo)致了時(shí)尚變化呢？有時(shí)候便利，實(shí)用必須，或是一個(gè)有影響力的人的愛好都可以造就時(shí)尚)。故選B。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由關(guān)鍵詞freerandeasier定位至第五段:Today,societyismuchfreerandeasierthanitusedtobe.Withinreason,youcandressasyoulikeordoourhairthewayyoulikeordoyourhairthewayyoulikeinsteadofthewayyoushouldbecauseitisthefashion(當(dāng)今社會(huì)比曾經(jīng)更為自由和舒適。只要合情合理，或者做你喜歡的發(fā)型，而不是你應(yīng)該按照時(shí)尚去穿去做)。因此選D(個(gè)性)

5.主旨大意題。文章最后一段主要講的是在某些場合，尤其是正式場合，外觀是很重要的。故選A(關(guān)注正式場合的外觀)。

14.單選題

Farmersinthedevelopingworldhatepricefluctuations.Itmakesithardtoplanahead.Butmostofthemhavelittlechoice:theysellatthepricethemarketsets.FarmersinEurope,theUSandJapanareluckier:theyreceivemassivegovernmentsubsidiesintheformofguaranteedpricesordirecthandouts.LastmonthU.S.PresidentBushsignedanewfarmbillthatgivesAmericanfarmers$190billionoverthenext10years,or$83billionmorethantheyhadbeenscheduledtoget,andpushesU.S.agriculturalsupportclosetocrazyEuropeanlevels.Bushsaidthestepwasnecessaryto“promotefarmerindependenceandpreservethefarmwayoflifeforgenerations”.ItisalsodesignedtohelptheRepublicanPartywincontroloftheSenateinNovember’smid-termelections.

Agriculturalproductioninmostpoorcountriesaccountsforupto50%ofGDP,comparedtoonly3%inrichcountries.Butmostfarmersinpoorcountriesgrowjustenoughforthemselvesandtheirfamilies.ThosewhotryexportingtotheWestfindtheirgoodswhackedwithhugetariffsorcompetingagainstcheapersubsidizedgoods.In1999theUnitedNationsConferenceonTradeandDevelopmentconcludedthanforeachdollardevelopingcountriesreceiveinaidtheyloseupto$14justbecauseoftradebarriersimposedontheexportoftheirmanufacturedgoods.It’snotasifthedevelopingworldwantsanyfavors,saysGeraldSsendwula,Uganda'sMinisterofFinance.“Whatwewantisfortherichcountriestoletuscompete.”

AgricultureisoneofthefewareasinwhichtheThirdWorldcancompete.Landandlaborarecheap,andasfanningmethodsdevelop,newtechnologiesshouldimproveoutput.Thisisnopie-in-the-skyspeculation.ThebiggestsuccessinKenva’seconomyoverthepastdecadehasbeentheboominexportsofcutflowersandvegetablestoEurope.Butthatmayallchangein2008,whenKenyawillbeslightlytoorichtoqualifyforthe“l(fā)east-developedcountry”statusthatallowsAfricanproducerstoavoidpayingstiffEuropeanimportdutiesonselectedagriculturalproducts.Withtradebarriersinplace,thehorticultureindustryinKenyawillshrivelasquicklyasdiscardedrose.Andwhileagricultureexportsremainthegreathopeforpoorcountries,reducingtradebarriersinothersectorsalsoworks:AfricanGrowthandOpportunityAct,whichcutsdutiesonexportsofeverythingfromhandicraftstoshoes,hasprovedaboontoAfrica’smanufacturers.Thelesson:theThirdWorldcanprosperiftherichworldgivesitafairgo.

ThisiswhatmakesBush’sdecisiontoincreasefarmsubsidieslastmonthallthemoredepressing.Poorcountrieshavelongsuspectedthattherichworldurgestradeliberalizationonlysoitcanwangleitswayintonewmarkets.SuchsuspicionscausedtheSeattletradetalkstobreakdownthreeyearsago.ButlastNovembermembersoftheWorldTradeOrganization,meetinginDoha.Qatar,finallyagreedtoanewroundoftalksdesignedtoopenupglobaltradeinagricultureandtextiles.Richcountriesassuredpoorcountriesthattheirconcernswerefinallybeingaddressed.Bush’shandoutlastmonthmakesalieofAmerica’scommitmenttothesetalksandhispersonaldevotiontofreetrade.

1.Bycomparison,farmers（

）receivemoregovernmentsubsidiesthanother.

2.Inadditiontotheeconomicconsiderations,thereisa（

）motivebehindBush’ssigningofthenewbill.

3.Themessagethewriterattemptstoconveythroughoutthepassageisthat（

）.

4.Thewriter’sattitudetowardsnewfarmsubsidiesintheU.S.is（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inthedevelopingworld

B.inJapan

C.inEurope

D.inAmerica

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.partisan

B.social

C.financial

D.cultural

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.poorcountriesshouldbegivenequalopportunitiesintrade

B.“theleastdevelopedcountry”statusbenefitsagriculturalcountries

C.poorcountriesshouldremovetheirsuspicionsabouttradeliberalization

D.farmersinpoorcountriesshouldalsoreceivethebenefitofsubsidies

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.favorable

B.ambiguous

C.critical

D.reserved.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第三句“LastmonthU.S.PresidentBushsignedanewfarmbillthatgivesAmericanfarmers$190billionoverthenext10years,or$83billionmorethantheyhadbeenscheduledtoget,andpushesU.S.agriculturalsupportclosetocrazyEuropeanlevels.上個(gè)月，美國總統(tǒng)布什簽署了一項(xiàng)新的農(nóng)業(yè)法案，將在未來10年向美國農(nóng)民提供1900億美元的資金，比原計(jì)劃多出830億美元，并將美國的農(nóng)業(yè)援助提高到接近歐洲的瘋狂水平?！庇纱丝芍?，歐洲農(nóng)民得到的政府補(bǔ)貼比其他國家都多，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“ItisalsodesignedtohelptheRepublicanPartywincontroloftheSenateinNovember’smid-termelections.該法案還旨在幫助共和黨在11月中旬的選舉中贏得參議院的控制權(quán)?！庇纱丝芍?，選項(xiàng)A“黨派的”正確。

3.作者意圖題。本題可采用排除法。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“It’snotasifthedevelopingworldwantsanyfavors,saysGeraldSsendwula,Uganda'sMinisterofFinance.‘Whatwewantisfortherichcountriestoletuscompete.’烏干達(dá)財(cái)政部長GeraldSsendwula說，發(fā)展中國家并不需要任何幫助?！覀兿Ｍ辉易屛覀儏⑴c競爭。’”由此可知，選項(xiàng)A“應(yīng)該給貧窮國家平等的貿(mào)易機(jī)會(huì)”符合原文；根據(jù)第三段第四句“但這一切可能在2008年發(fā)生改變，屆時(shí)肯尼亞將略微富裕到?jīng)]有資格獲得“最不發(fā)達(dá)國家”的地位，而“最不發(fā)達(dá)國家”的地位允許非洲生產(chǎn)商對某些農(nóng)產(chǎn)品免征高額的歐洲進(jìn)口稅。”由此可知，選項(xiàng)B“‘最不發(fā)達(dá)國家’的地位有利于農(nóng)業(yè)國家”不符合原文；根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Bush’shandoutlastmonthmakesalieofAmerica’scommitmenttothesetalksandhispersonaldevotiontofreetrade.布什上個(gè)月的農(nóng)業(yè)補(bǔ)貼使得美國對這些會(huì)談的承諾以及布什個(gè)人對自由貿(mào)易的熱愛成為一個(gè)謊言?！庇纱丝芍?，選項(xiàng)C“窮國應(yīng)該消除對貿(mào)易自由化的懷疑”不正確；根據(jù)第二段“1999年，聯(lián)合國貿(mào)易和發(fā)展會(huì)議的結(jié)論是，發(fā)展中國家每獲得1美元的援助，就會(huì)損失多達(dá)14美元，原因僅僅是對其制成品出口設(shè)置了貿(mào)易壁壘?！庇纱丝芍?，貧窮國家的農(nóng)民并沒有得到補(bǔ)貼的好處，所以選項(xiàng)D錯(cuò)誤。只有選項(xiàng)A表述是正確。

4.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Bush’shandoutlastmonthmakesalieofAmerica’scommitmenttothesetalksandhispersonaldevotiontofreetrade.布什上個(gè)月的農(nóng)業(yè)補(bǔ)貼使得美國對這些會(huì)談的承諾以及布什個(gè)人對自由貿(mào)易的熱愛成為一個(gè)謊言。”由此可知，作者的態(tài)度是批判的。選項(xiàng)C正確。

15.單選題

Parentsoftenfacedthe______betweendoingwhattheyfeltwasgoodforthedevelopmentofthechildandwhattheycouldstandbywayofundisciplinednoiseanddestructiveness.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.paradox

B.junction

C.dilemma

D.premise

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)paradox“悖論，反論；似是而非的論點(diǎn)；自相矛盾的人或事”；B選項(xiàng)junction“連接，接合；交叉點(diǎn)；接合點(diǎn)”；C選項(xiàng)dilemma“困境；進(jìn)退兩難；兩刀論法”；D選項(xiàng)premise“前提，假定；（常復(fù)數(shù)）商店、餐館、公司等使用的房屋及土地；（常復(fù)數(shù)）上訴各項(xiàng)”。句意：父母們經(jīng)常面對這樣的兩難處境，是選擇做他們認(rèn)為的對孩子發(fā)展好的事情呢，還是選擇對其放任自流。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Hehasbeen______ofmurderingtheJapanesevisitor.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.blamed

B.charged

C.accused

D.arrested

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.blamed責(zé)怪；指責(zé)B.charged收（費(fèi)）；控訴

C.accused控告；控訴D.arrested逮捕；拘留

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息murderingtheJapanesevisitor（謀殺日本游客）可推知，空格處應(yīng)該填入“指控、控訴”，而由介詞of可知，beaccusedof是固定用法，表示“被指控”，故該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)不符合句意；

B項(xiàng)要與with搭配，chargesb.withsth.表示“控告某人某事”；

D項(xiàng)要與for搭配使用，arrestsb.forsth.表示“因某事逮捕某人”。

【句意】他被指控謀殺了那名日本游客。

17.單選題

Inthemovieheplaysalovingand（）fathertryingtobringuptwoteenagechildrenonhisown.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sensitive

B.senseless

C.sensual

D.sensuous

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。sensitive“敏感的”；senseless“愚蠢的，無知的”；sensual“感覺的；肉欲的”；sensuous“感覺上的，感官的”。句意：在電影中他扮演了一個(gè)有愛而又敏感的父親，他要獨(dú)自一人撫養(yǎng)兩個(gè)孩子。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

18.翻譯題

TheOlympicGamesareadisplayofinternationalgoodwill.Theceremonies,withtheiremphasisuponbothnationalismandinternationalism,areathrillingsighttosee.Atthestart,thekingorpresidentofthecountryinwhichtheOlympicGamesarebeingheldispresented.Thenationalanthemofhiscountryissung.Thenfollowsaparadeofallthecontestants,eachbearinghiscountry’sflagandshield.Thismarchisaccompaniedbyafanfareoftrumpets.WhentheOlympicflagisraised,gunsfireasalute.Doves,symbolsofpeace,arereleased.Finallythensacredfireislit.TheOlympicflameissetalightbyatorchthathasbeencarriedbyrelayrunnersallthewayfromOlympia,Greece.ThesacredfirethenburnsthroughouttheentireOlympicGames.

【答案】答：

奧運(yùn)會(huì)是一個(gè)展現(xiàn)國際友好的平臺(tái)。這些強(qiáng)調(diào)民族主義和國際主義的儀式是一種令人激動(dòng)的景象。儀式一開始出現(xiàn)的是舉辦國的國王或者總統(tǒng)，并伴隨著該國國歌的奏起。然后是各個(gè)國家的運(yùn)動(dòng)員隊(duì)伍高舉自己國家的國旗和國徽，依次列隊(duì)入場。伴隨著這些游行隊(duì)伍的是聲勢浩大的喇叭聲。當(dāng)奧林匹克會(huì)會(huì)旗升起時(shí)，鳴炮敬禮，象征和平的鴿子被放飛。最后，奧運(yùn)圣火由從希臘奧林匹亞山脈一路傳遞過來的火炬來點(diǎn)燃。神圣的奧運(yùn)會(huì)火焰將會(huì)照亮整個(gè)比賽進(jìn)程。

19.單選題

Peoplemaygetverseswrong,buttheyalsomangleplentyofwell-knownbiblicalstoriesaswell.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.spoil

B.imitate

C.formulate

D.violate

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)spoil“溺愛；糟蹋；破壞”；B選項(xiàng)imitate“模仿；仿造”；C選項(xiàng)formulate“規(guī)劃；用公式表示；明確地表達(dá)”；D選項(xiàng)violate“違反；侵犯”。句意：人們可能會(huì)讀錯(cuò)經(jīng)文，但他們也會(huì)……許多著名的圣經(jīng)故事。由關(guān)鍵信息getverseswrong“讀錯(cuò)經(jīng)文”只是常見問題，后一句會(huì)加深問題的嚴(yán)重性。因此可以排除B，C選項(xiàng)。D選項(xiàng)一般是指違反規(guī)則，這里的承受對象是biblicalstories“圣經(jīng)故事”，不能適用。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

20.填空題

Directions:Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Ftofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Thereisoneextrachoice,whichdoesnotfitinanyoftheblanks.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

ManypeopleseemtothinkthatcreativityisproducingtheBigIdea—anideafromnowheresocleverandsoprofoundthatitdefinescreativity.(41)Oneofthekeylessonsofthisbook,andaclearmessagetotheprospectiveclientwhorejectedmyproposals,isthis:theinstantBigIdeadoesnotexist.

(42)Ideascomethroughaseriesofsmallstepsormoves.Theybuildupeachothertoproducethefinalidea.Lookbackonanyideayouhavecomeupwith;thinkbacktopreciselyhowtheideagrew,andtraceitslineage.(43)Ratherthanthecreativeideabeinganinstantrevelation,itwillmorelikelybecharacterizedbyahaphazardseriesofmoves,stepsandlinkages.

(44)(Astudyoftheremaining5percentofpatentswould,Isuspect,revealthattheyaretheproductsofincrementalthought.)Anytrulygreatidea(possessingsignificantaddedvalue)willgenerallyhaveemergedasaresultofaseriesofincrementalsmallstepsingeneratingit,withmuchofitsinherentaddedvaluegainedinthesubsequentimplementation,orinhowitwassold.

Examineanyfieldofactivitywherecreativeideasaregeneratedandused,whetheritistheworldofmanagement,thearts,ortelevisioncomedy.(45)Indeed,themanagementguruTomPetersdescribesinhisbookAPassionforExcellence(Peters,1996)severalcasestudieswhereorganizationsmadedecisionstopursueaBigIdea:“Inallofhistoryitseems,fromFrenchfryseasoningatMcDonald’stoIBM’sSystem/360computer,thefirstandsecondprototypesdon’twork.”O(jiān)ftenthekeypeopleinaprojectweresimplyintenton“makingitwork”;throughtrialanderrortheyeventuallysucceeded.NoBigIdeabroughtaninstantsolution.

A.Creativity,anditstaskofgeneratingideas,isessentiallyincremental.

B.Theirideasarecreatedthroughanumberofmini-steps,notviaaninstant,earth-shatteringmomentofinspiration.

C.Theblindingflashofinspirationwill,ifyouarehonestenough,belinkedtoanearlierideaorelementthatyoumayhavebeendealingwith.

D.Inpublicrelationsworkitmaybethenewcampaignideathatnooneelsehasthoughtof,whichwillachievesignificantpublicity,orthephotocallgimmickthatshowstheproductinanewlightandgeneratesextensivemediacoverage.

E.ItismuchmoreconvenienttobelievegreatcreativepeoplesomehowintuitivelyandinstantlyarriveatBigIdeasratherthanrecognizethatcreativitycanbeamessy,unglamorousandprotractedprocess.

F.ThisincrementalnatureofcreativityisconfirmedbytheUK’sPatentOffice,whichreportsthat95percentofnewpatentsaremerelyadaptationsofexistingones.

【答案】41.E

42.A

43.C

44.F

45.B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.Creativity,anditstaskofgeneratingideas,isessentiallyincremental.A.創(chuàng)造力及其產(chǎn)生想法的任務(wù)本質(zhì)上是遞增的。

B.Theirideasarecreatedthroughanumberofmini-steps,no