考研考博-英語-廣州體育職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣州體育職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Successfulscientistsalwayscheckstatementsandmakenewexperimentscarefullyandobjectivelyto______them.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.infuse

B.verify

C.restore

D.refute

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.infuse灌輸；充滿B.verify核實(shí)，查證

C.restore恢復(fù)，還原；歸還D.refute反駁，駁斥

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句子意思“成功的科學(xué)家總是仔細(xì)地、客觀地檢查陳述，并進(jìn)行新的實(shí)驗(yàn)來______它們”可知，新的實(shí)驗(yàn)一般都是用來證實(shí)一些結(jié)果或者發(fā)現(xiàn)，所以B項(xiàng)符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】成功的科學(xué)家總是仔細(xì)地、客觀地檢查陳述，并進(jìn)行新的實(shí)驗(yàn)來驗(yàn)證它們。

2.單選題

Peopleinnately（）forsuperiorityovertheirpeersalthoughitsometimestakestheformofanexaggeratedlustforpower.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.strive

B.ascertain

C.justify

D.adhere

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。strive“努力；抗?fàn)帯?；ascertain“確定；查明”；justify“證明合法”；adhere“堅(jiān)持；依附”，根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)動(dòng)詞與for構(gòu)成詞組，根據(jù)后面的superiority，分析四個(gè)選項(xiàng)可知此處填入strive最為恰當(dāng)。句意：人天生會(huì)……去使自己比別人優(yōu)越，盡管這經(jīng)常以對權(quán)利極大的欲望來體現(xiàn)。故正確答案為選項(xiàng)A。

3.單選題

Hebelievesthat（

）thingsdon’tnecessarilymeantheydon’texist.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.intangible

B.indispensable

C.irresistible

D.visible

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。intangible意為“難以形容（或理解）的，無形的，觸不到的”；indispensable意為“不可缺少的”；irresistible意為“無法抗拒的”；visible意為“看得見的”。

句意：他認(rèn)為觸摸不到的東西并不一定意味著它們不存在。

4.單選題

Beinginnogreathurry,（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wewentthelongrouteandscenery

B.thelong,scenicroutewasourpreference

C.wetookthelong,scenicroute

D.ourpreferencewastakingthelong,scenicroute.

【答案】C

【解析】考查非謂語前半句為現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，其邏輯主語應(yīng)為we.采取……路線通常用take…route.故C項(xiàng)正確。句意：由于我們不趕時(shí)間，所以選了一條長的，風(fēng)景好的路線。

5.單選題

Hisguesswas______ofthemark.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.distant

B.far

C.broad

D.wide

【答案】D

【解析】8.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)distant“遙遠(yuǎn)的；不同的”；B選項(xiàng)far“遠(yuǎn)方的”；C選項(xiàng)broad“寬的；廣泛的”；D選項(xiàng)wide“寬闊的；寬度為……的”。D選項(xiàng)bewideofthemark“離題萬里，文不對題”，其余選項(xiàng)非固定搭配，用法錯(cuò)誤。句意：他猜得太離譜了。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Platosuggestedmemorywasanalogous[A]totheimpressionofmessagesonwax[B]writingtablets.ForPlato,writingonthetabletrepresentedlearningsomethingnew.Thetabletitselfwasthememorystore,andreadingthetabletslaterwasanalogousto[C]trytorecallthestoredinformation.Unfortunately,Plato’sanalogymissesanimportantcharacteristicofmemory,[D]namelythatitisselective.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.writing

C.trytorecall

D.namely

【答案】C

【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞用法。C選項(xiàng)前的beanalogousto“類似于……”，后面的to是介詞，后面應(yīng)接名詞、動(dòng)名詞或者代詞，應(yīng)將try改為trying。

7.單選題

Fordecades,armscontroltalkscenteredonnuclearweapons.Thisishardlysurprising,sinceasinglenuclearbombcandestroyanentire,city.Yet,unlikesmallerarms,theseimmenselypowerfulweaponshavenotbeenusedinwarinover50years.

RespectedmilitaryhistorianJohnKeeganwrites:“Nuclearweaponshave,sinceAugust9,1945,killednoone.The50,000,000whohavediedinwarsincethatdatehaveforthemostpart,beenkilledbycheap,mass-producedweaponsandsmallammunition,costinglittlemorethanthetransistorradiosanddry-cellbatterieswhichhavefloodedtheworldinthesameperiod.Becausesmallweaponshavedisruptedlifeverylittleintheadvancedworld,outsidetherestrictedlocalitieswheredrug-dealingandpoliticalterrorismflourish,thepopulationsoftherichstateshavebeenslowtorecognizethehorrorthatthispollutionhasbroughtinitstrain.”

Nooneknowspreciselyhowmanysmallarmsandlightweaponsareincirculation,butexpertsestimatethatmilitary-stylefirearmsmaynumberabout500million.Inaddition,tensofmillionsofcivilian-typeriflesandpistolsareownedbyprivatecitizens.Whatismore,newweaponsareproducedandfedintothemarketeachyear:

Whyhavesmallarmsbecometheweaponsofchoiceinrecentwars?Partofthereasonliesintherelationshipbetweenconflictandpoverty.Mostofthewarsfoughtduringthe1990’stookplaceincountriesthatarepoor—toopoortobuysophisticatedweaponsystems.Smallarmsandlightweaponsareabargain.Forexample,50milliondollars,whichisapproximatelythecostofasinglemodernjetfighter,canequipanarmywith200,000assaultrifles.

Anotherreasonwhysmallweaponsaresopopularisthattheyarelethal.Asinglerapid-fireassaultriflecanfirehundredsofroundsaminute.Theyarealsoeasytouseandmaintain.Achildoftencanbetaughttostripandreassembleatypicalassaultrifle.Achildcanalsoquicklylearntoaimandfirethatrifleintoacrowdofpeople.

Theglobaltrafficingunsiscomplex.Hugesuppliesofgunspasslegallyfromnationtonation.AftertheColdWar,armiesinboththeEastandtheWestwerereduced,andgovernmentsgaveorsoldexcessequipmenttofriendsandallies.Accordingtoanestimatesince1995theUnitedStatesalonehasgivenawaymorethan800,000rifles,pistols,machineguns,andgrenadelaunchers.Itisreasonedthatgivingweaponsawayischeaperthandismantlingorstoringandguardingthem.

Theillegaltrade,however,maybemuchlarger.Black-marketweaponsusuallyhavetobepurchased.InsomeAfricanwars,paramilitarygroupshaveboughthundredsofmillionsofdollars’worthofsmallarmsandlightweapons,notwithmoney,butwithdiamondsseizedfromdiamond-miningareas.

Weaponsarealsolinkedtotheillegaltradeindrugs.Itisnotunusualforcriminalorganizationstousethesameroutestosmuggledrugsinonedirectionastheyuseexchangetosmugglegunsintheother.

1.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat____________.

2.Allofthefollowingarethereasonswhysmallarmshavebecomethechoiceinrecentwarsexcept____________.

3.WhydidUSgovernmentgiveawayalargenumberofsmallarms?

4.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat____________.

5.Thebesttitleforthispassageisprobably____________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.smallarmscontrolisevenmoreimportantthannucleararms-control

B.itishardlysurprisingthatthenucleararms-controltalkshavenotreachedanagreement

C.nuclearweapons’powertokillpeoplehasbeenexaggerated

D.nuclearweaponsarenotaspowerfulassmallweapons

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.smallarmsarecheap

B.Smallarmsarepowerfulantipersonnelweapons

C.smallarmsareeasiertouse

D.smallarmsareeasiertoget

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Becauseitwantstoarmtheirfriendsandallies.

B.Becauseitislessexpensivethankeepingthem.

C.Becauseitwantstosavetheresources.

D.Becauseitisbettertostoreandguardtheminothercountries.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.smallarmsarenotexpensiveintheblack-market

B.itisunfairtoexchangesmallarmsfordiamond

C.criminalsusethesamepassagetosmuggledrugsandsmallarms

D.wheretherearedrugs,therearesmallarms

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.SmallArmsTalks,NotNuclearArmsTalks

B.NeglectofSmallArmsControl

C.GlobalTrafficinSmallArms

D.SmallArms,BigProblems

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。文章第一段對人們對于核武器與小型武器的重視程度和各自使用頻率進(jìn)行對比，第二段對比兩種武器傷害的人的數(shù)量，可知這篇文章想要人們更重視小型武器，所以A選項(xiàng)“小型軍備控制甚至比核軍備控制更重要”正確，C選項(xiàng)“核武器殺傷力被夸大”和D選項(xiàng)“核武器不如小型武器強(qiáng)大”不是表達(dá)的重點(diǎn)，故錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“核軍備控制談判沒有達(dá)成協(xié)議不足為奇”：文章沒有涉及，故錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。A選項(xiàng)“小型武器很便宜”：根據(jù)第四段第四句Smallarmsandlightweaponsareabargain（小武器和輕武器很便宜。），所以便宜是小型武器運(yùn)用在近年戰(zhàn)爭的原因，故A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“小型武器殺傷性強(qiáng)”：根據(jù)第五段第一句Anotherreasonwhysmallweaponsaresopopularisthattheyarelethal.（小型武器如此流行的另一個(gè)原因是它們的是致命性。），故B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。所以C選項(xiàng)“小型武器使用更容易”：Theyarealsoeasytouseandmaintain.（它們也易于使用和維護(hù)。），故C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“小型武器更容易買到”：根據(jù)第六段第一句Theglobaltrafficingunsiscomplex.（全球槍支販運(yùn)很復(fù)雜。），可知小型武器不容易買，故正確。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

3.語義推測題。根據(jù)第六段最后一句Itisreasonedthatgivingweaponsawayischeaperthandismantlingorstoringandguardingthem.（有理由認(rèn)為，交出武器要比拆除、儲存和看守它們便宜。），可知美國送出武器是因?yàn)榻?jīng)濟(jì)原因，所以B選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)檫@比保留它們更便宜”正確，C選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗牍?jié)約資源”和D選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)榉旁谄渌麌覂Υ婧捅Ｗo(hù)更好。”不具體，故錯(cuò)誤。A選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗胛溲b自己的朋友和盟友?！蔽恼聸]有提到，故錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.語義推測題。A選項(xiàng)“黑市上的小型武器并不貴”和B選項(xiàng)“用小武器交換鉆石不公平”：根據(jù)第七段最后一句notwithmoney,butwithdiamondsseizedfromdiamond-miningareas（不是用錢，而是用從鉆石礦區(qū)奪得的鉆石），用鉆石交換武器來說明在黑市小型武器很貴，沒有提到公平與否，故錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“罪犯利用同一途徑走私毒品和小型武器”和D選項(xiàng)“哪里有毒品，哪里就有小型武器”：Itisnotunusualforcriminalorganizationstousethesameroutestosmuggledrugsinonedirectionastheyuseexchangetosmugglegunsintheother.（犯罪組織利用走私毒品的途徑走私槍支的現(xiàn)象并不罕見。），可知C選項(xiàng)正確，不代表毒品走私和小型武器走私一定連在一起，故D選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.主旨大意題。文章在開頭點(diǎn)出人們對小型武器的忽視，再點(diǎn)出小型武器在殺傷力、生產(chǎn)、保存、販賣等各個(gè)方面帶來的問題，可知這篇文章主要講小型武器帶來的問題，要人們重視小型武器，所以D選項(xiàng)“小型武器，重大問題”正確，B選項(xiàng)“對小型武器控制的忽視”和C選項(xiàng)“全球小型武器販運(yùn)”是其中的一方面，不能概括全文，故錯(cuò)誤。A選項(xiàng)“小型武器談判，而非核武器談判”：文章沒有重點(diǎn)講談判，故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

8.寫作題

Directions:TwomonthsagoyougotajobasaneditorforthemagazineDesigns&Fashions.Butnowyoufindthattheworkisnotwhatyouexpected.Youdecidetoquit.Writealettertoyourboss,Mr.Wang,tellinghimyourdecision,statingyourreason(s),andmakinganapology.Writeyourletterwithnolessthan100words.WriteitneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter;useLiMinginstead.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.

【答案】【參考范文】

DearMr.Wang,

IamsorrytotellyouthatIdecidedtoquitmyworkasaneditorinyourcompanyafterseriousconsideration.IamapologizingfortheinconveniencewhichIwouldbringtoyou.

Duringtwomonths’workinginyourcompany,Ihavelearnedalotabouthowtoworkinaworld-famouscompany.However,IgraduallyfindoutthatIamnotverysuitableforthisjob.IthinkIshouldlookforanoccupationwhichcouldmakethemostuseofmytalentandability.

Thankyouagainforgivingmethisopportunity,andI’dliketoexpressmyregretagain.Finally,Iwishyourcompanywillachievegreatersuccessinthefuture.

Yourssincerely,LiMing9.單選題

Fearanditscompanionpainaretwoofthemostusefulthingsthatmenandanimalspossess,iftheyareproperlyused.Iffiredidnothurtwhenitburnt,childrenwouldplayituntiltheirhandswereburntaway.Similarly,ifpainexistedbutfeardidnot,achildwouldburnitselfagainandagain,becausefearwouldnotwarnittokeepawayfromthefirethathadburnthimorherbefore.Areallyfearlesssoldierandsomedoexist——isnotagoodsoldierbecauseheissoonkilled;andadeadsoldierisofnousetohisarmy.Fearandpainarethereforetwoguardswithoutwhichmenandanimalsmightsoondieout.

Inourfirstsentencewesuggestedthatfearoughttobeproperlyused.If,forexample,younevergooutofyourhousebecauseofthedangerofbeingknockeddownandkilledinthestreetbyacar,youarelettingfearruleyoutoomuch.Eveninyourhouseyouarenotabsolutelysafe;anairplanemycrashonyourhouse,orantsmayearawaysomeofthebeamsinyourroofsothatthelatterfallsonyou,oryoumaygetcancer!

Theimportantthingsarenottoletfearruleyou,butinsteadtousefearasyourservantandguide.Fearwillwarmyouofdangers;thenyouhavetodecidewhatactiontotake.Inmanycases,youcantakequickandsuccessfulactiontoavoidthedanger.Forexample,youseeacarcomingstraighttowardsyou;fearwarnsyou;youjumpoutoftheway,andalliswell.

Insomecases,however,youdecidethatthereisnothingthatyoucandotoavoidthedanger.Forexample,youcannotpreventanairplanecrashingontoyourhouse.Inthiscase,fearhasgivenyouitswarning;youhaveexamineditanddecidedonyourcourseofaction,sofearofthisparticulardangerisnolongerofanyusetoyou,andyouhavetotrytoovercomeit.

1.Childrenwouldplaywithfireuntiltheirhandswereburntawayif（）.

2.Areallyfearlesssoldier（）..

3.Fearshouldbeusedproperlybecause（）.

4.Peoplesometimessucceedintimelyavoidingdangerbecause（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisimpliedbutnotstated?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theyweregivennowarningbeforehand

B.theyhadneverburntthemselves

C.theyhadnosenseofpain

D.theywerefearfulofthefire

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.isoflittleusetothearmy

B.iswithoutequal

C.isnothingbutadeadsoldier

D.easilygetskilledinabattle

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.anairplanemaycrashonyourhouse

B.youmaygetcancer

C.fearcanonlybeusedasaservantandguide

D.menarenowlettingfearrulethemtoomuch

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theyhavegainedexperience

B.theyjumpoutofthewayintime

C.theyarecalminfaceofdanger

D.theyarewarnedofthedangerandcantakequickaction

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Fearisalwayssomethinghelpful

B.Toomuchfearisharmful.

C.Fearoughttobeusedasservantandguide.

D.Fearissomethingunprofitable.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意為:什么情況下，孩子們會(huì)玩火直到手被燒掉？第一段指出:Iffiredidnothurtwhenitburnt,childrenwouldplayituntiltheirhandswereburntaway(如果火在燃燒時(shí)，沒有受傷，小孩子會(huì)玩火，直到手被燒掉)。因此，在“沒有受傷”即“他們沒有疼痛感”的情況下，小孩子會(huì)玩火直到手被燒掉。因此C項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干為:真正無畏的戰(zhàn)士是怎么樣的？根據(jù)題干定位至第一段:Areallyfearlesssoldierandsomedoexist——isnotagoodsoldierbecauseheissoonkilled;andadeadsoldierisofnousetohisarmy（真正無畏的戰(zhàn)士確實(shí)有些存在——不一定是好戰(zhàn)士，因?yàn)樗芸毂粴⒌?；逝去的?zhàn)士對于軍隊(duì)是無濟(jì)于事的）。對比四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，D項(xiàng)“在戰(zhàn)場上容易被殺”正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干為:為什么恐懼應(yīng)該被恰當(dāng)使用？第二段指出:如果因?yàn)閾?dān)心被車撞倒或撞死而不出門，那么，恐懼就過分統(tǒng)治了你。因?yàn)?，即使在家里，也不絕對安全，可能飛機(jī)會(huì)撞毀你的房屋，可能你會(huì)得癌癥等。因此D選項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在人們被恐懼過分控制了”正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干為:人們有時(shí)會(huì)及時(shí)避開危險(xiǎn)，是因?yàn)槭裁?第三段指出:Fearwillwarmyouofdangers;thenyouhavetodecidewhatactiontotake(恐懼會(huì)警告你處于危險(xiǎn)中，然后你得決定采取何種措施)。Inmanycases,youcantakequickandsuccessfulactiontoavoidthedanger(有些情況下，你可以采取迅速而且成功的措施以避開危險(xiǎn))。因此“他們被警告處于危險(xiǎn)中，并能采取緊急措施”正確。

5.判斷推理題。題干意為:下列哪項(xiàng)是從文中暗示得出而不是直接陳述出來的？A:恐懼總是有幫助的。B:過分的恐懼有害。C:恐懼應(yīng)該被利用為仆人所知道。D:恐懼是無益的。文章提倡要恰當(dāng)使用恐懼，這樣它就會(huì)對我們有用，但是，不要讓恐懼過分地統(tǒng)治我們。因此，A選項(xiàng)跟D選項(xiàng)過于絕對。C項(xiàng)已經(jīng)在第三段明確提出。B項(xiàng)可以被推斷出，而且正確。

10.單選題

Theovercrowdedlivingconditions（）aheavystrainonthefamily.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.set

B.put

C.made

D.pressed

【答案】B

【解析】putaheavystrainonsb.為慣用搭配,指對某人來說是一個(gè)沉重的負(fù)擔(dān)。這里指：過度擁擠的生活條件給這個(gè)家庭造成了沉重的負(fù)擔(dān)。

11.單選題

Nobodyknowswhattriggeredtheevent,which（）amillioncubicmetersofwaterpersecond,obliteratingthebarrierbetweenBritainandFrance.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.relieved

B.released

C.restored

D.retained

【答案】B

【解析】形近詞詞義辨析。relieve“解除,減輕”;release“釋放,發(fā)射”;restore“恢復(fù),修復(fù)”;retain“保持,記住”。句意:誰也不知道是什么引發(fā)了這次事件,它每秒釋放一百萬立方米的水,沖毀了英法之間的屏障。選項(xiàng)B符合此處語境。

12.單選題

Galileoabstainedfromdiscussingtheforcethatcausesaccelerationwhenanobjectfallstowardstheearth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.evolvedfrom

B.protectedfrom

C.refrainedfrom

D.derivedfrom

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)evolvedfrom“進(jìn)化”；B選項(xiàng)protectedfrom“保護(hù)”；C選項(xiàng)refrainedfrom“避免”；D選項(xiàng)derivedfrom“衍生”。句意：伽利略沒有討論物體落向地球時(shí)引起加速度的力。劃線部分abstainedfrom是回避的意思。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Onecanunderstandothersmuchbetterbynotingtheimmediateandfleetingreactionsoftheireyesand（）toexpressedthoughts.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.dilemmas

B.countenances

C.concessions

D.junctions

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“進(jìn)退兩難的局面，困難的選擇”；B選項(xiàng)“面容，臉色”，如：asadcountenance（愁容）；C選項(xiàng)“讓步”；D選項(xiàng)“連接處，匯合處”，句意：通過觀察別人眼睛的即時(shí)和短暫的反應(yīng)和（）來表達(dá)思想，我們可以更好地理解他們。題干想表達(dá)的含義是“短暫的反應(yīng)和臉色來表達(dá)思想”，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

14.翻譯題

我一直以為大學(xué)校長是高瞻遠(yuǎn)矚、指導(dǎo)學(xué)術(shù)與教育大方向的決策人，而不是管饅頭稀飯的保姆。這一類型的教育者的用心，毋庸置疑，當(dāng)然是善意的。問題是，我們論“事”的時(shí)候，用心如何根本不重要，重要的是實(shí)際后果，而教育的后果何其嚴(yán)重！在這種過度呵護(hù)的幼稚教育下成長的大學(xué)生，遇事時(shí)，除了“眼淚汪汪”之外又能做些什么呢？

【答案】參考譯文：

Ihavealwaysconsidereduniversitypresidentstobefar-sighteddecision—makerswhoconductacademicresearchandguidemaindirectionsofeducationratherthanbabysitterswhoareinchargeofstudents’dailylife.Ofcourse,thereisnodoubtthatsucheducatorshaveverygoodintentions.Theproblemis,whenwemakejudgmentsonsomething,whatmatterarenotintentionsbuttheactualconsequences.Andhowserioustheconsequencesofeducationare!Whatcanyouexpecttheuniversitystudentswhoarebroughtupinaneducationalsystemwhichtreatthemlikebabiestodoexceptforseeingthemtoshedtearsinfaceofanactualhardshipproblem?

15.單選題

Thefounders,aswasthecaseofalmostalltheirsuccessors,werelongonexhortationandrhetoricregardingthevalueofciviceducation,buttheyleftittothetextbookwriterstodistilltheessenceofthosevaluesforschoolchildren.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.infuse

B.disseminate

C.extract

D.demonstrate

【答案】C

【解析】劃線詞的賓語是theessenceofthosevaluesforschoolchildren，從那些價(jià)值觀中……本質(zhì)。A選項(xiàng)infuse“灌輸；浸漬”；B選項(xiàng)disseminate“宣傳；散步”；C選項(xiàng)extract“提取；提煉”；D選項(xiàng)demonstrate“證明；展示”。聯(lián)系句意可知“從那些價(jià)值觀中提取本質(zhì)”邏輯通順，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

16.問答題

ThefounderofAlibabaoncesaid“Singles’Day(November11)shoppingfestivalactivatedonlyatinypartofChina’sdomesticdemand,andhasstillalongwaytogotofullyunleashthegreatpotentialoftheChinesemarket.”Headdedthat:“AlibabawillholdSingles’Dayshoppingfestivalforatleast100years,andmakeSingles’DayashoppingfestivalfornotonlyChineseconsumersbutalsopeoplearoundtheworld.ThefestivalwilllastevenlongerthanAlibabaitself.”

ChineseshoppershavespentbigovertheSingles’Dayshoppingfestival,showingthecountry’sstrongeconomicrecoveryfollowingtheCovid-19epidemic.SalesonAlibaba’se-commerceplatformTmallexceeded372.3billionyuan(56.29billionU.S.dollars)betweenNov.1and12:30a.m.onNov.11.Attheshoppingpeak,583,000ordersweremadeinasinglesecondonTmall,settinganewonlineshoppingrecord.Morethan800millionshoppers,250,000brandsand5millionmerchantshaveparticipatedin2020Singles’Dayshoppingspree,accordingtoTmall.

SomeAmericaninvestorshavealreadybeguntodoubtifthefestivalwouldcomeattheexpenseoflowspendingpowerofChineseconsumersduringtherestoftheyear,whileotherinvestorsseemedtobemuchmoreworriedifAlibabawassellingfakeproductstoconsumers.Ananalystfurtherexplainedthat:“ThemajorreasonwhyinvestorsbegintocastdoubtontheeffectofSingles’Dayshoppingfestivalisthattheyworriedthatthisworld’shugest,biggestandcraziestshoppingdayoftheyearmightunderminebothconsumers’spendingpowerandbusinessowners’marketingability.”

Indeed,thelarge-scalediscountactivitiesonSingles’Daymightinterruptsomeconsumers’purchaseplanbeforeandaftertheshoppingfestival,otherconsumerswhoshoppedonlineslightlybeforethe“bigday”mighthavetowaitforextratimetohavetheirgoodsdeliveredtothem,andstillothersmightshopirrationallyandgetoverdrawn,thusregretfullyreturningmostoftheirgoods.BusinessownerswerealsoforcedtoseizetheopportunityonSingles’Dayanddoeverythingtheycould,includingpreparingenoughgoodsbeforethebigday,placingfakeordersonthebigday,onlytoattractconsumers’attentionandsellasmanygoodsaspossibleonthebigday.

ThefounderofanothermajorChineseonlineretailingplatformoncestatedtothemedia,saying,“Ithasalreadybecomeacommonpracticeforbusinessownerstoplacefakeordersononlineretailingplatforms,sinceboththeseplatformsandconsumersarewillingtorankabrandbasedonitssales.”

“Sincesomeonlineretailingplatformswouldlowerthepriceagreatdealtocompetewithotherplatformsinthepricebattle,wewouldevenbuybacktheproductsweprovidedtotheseplatformswithalowerpriceandthensoldthemwitharegularpriceontraditionalsaleschannels,”aseniorsalespersonnelofatraditionalbrandoncesuggested,“Wearealmostforcedtoplacefakeorderssincemanyconsumersprefertobuyproductswithhighersales.”

Nevertheless,mostbusinessownersseemednottobemakingmuchprofitoutoftheshoppingspreeoneverySingles’Day.Foronething,theyhadtospendmuchmoneyinplacingfakeordersandpromotingthemselves;foranother,theyhadtolowerthepricealotandmakeprofitmerelybylargesales,whichcouldbehighlyriskywhenthehighreturnratesistakenintoconsideration.

Answerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtotheabovetext.

1)WhycannotwebetotallyoptimisticabouttheenormouslyhugesalesvolumeofAlibaba’sSingles’Dayshoppingfestival?(10points)

2)HowdoestheSingles’Dayshoppingspreeinfluenceconsumersandbusinessowners?(10points)

【答案】1)Therearetworeasonscanbelisted.ThefirstoneisthatSingles’Day(November11)shoppingfestivalactivatedonlyatinypartofChina’sdomesticdemand,andhasstillalongwaytogotofullyunleashthegreatpotentialoftheChinesemarket.Thesecondreasonisthatthisworld’shugest,biggestandcraziestshoppingdayoftheyearmightunderminebothconsumers’spendingpowerandbusinessowners’marketingability.

2)Singles’Daymightinterruptsomeconsumer’purchaseplanbeforeandaftertheshoppingfestival,otherconsumerswhoshoppedonlineslightlybeforethe“bigday”mighthavetowaitforextratimetohavetheirgoodsdeliveredtothem,andstillothersmightshopirrationallyandgetoverdrawn,thusregretfullyreturningmostoftheirgoods.BusinessownerswerealsoforcedtoseizetheopportunityonSingles’Dayanddoeverythingtheycould,includingpreparingenoughgoodsbeforethebigday,placingfakeordersonthebigday,onlytoattractconsumers’attentionandsellasmanygoodsaspossibleonthebigday.Atthesametime,mostbusinessownersseemednottobemakingmuchprofitoutoftheshoppingspreeoneverySingles’Day.

17.單選題

Ispentmostofmymoneyinthefirstweekand（）hadverylittletoeatduringthelastfewdaysoftheholiday.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.afterall

B.consequently

C.otherwise

D.anyhow

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。afterall“畢竟”；consequently“因此，結(jié)果”；otherwise“否則，不然”；anyhow“無論如何，總之”。句意：我第一周就花掉了大部分的錢，因此在假期的最后幾天只能吃一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)東西。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

18.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

沒有改革開放，就沒有今天的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。

祖國的地下到處都是埋藏著豐富的礦產(chǎn)資源。

弄得不好，就會(huì)前功盡棄。

不經(jīng)一事，不長一智。

青年人和老年人不同，女青年和老太太也不同，不考慮這些情況，恐怕就解決不好“代溝”問題。

【答案】Withoutthereformandopening-up,theeconomicwillnotbewelldevelopedliketoday.

Therearerichmineralresourcesatundergroundofourmotherland.

Ifscrewup,you'llbacktosquareone.

Afallinthepit;againinthewit.

Theyoungdiffersfromtheoldwhiletheyoungwomenandoldladyvaryalot,withoutattentiontothis,it'shardtosolvethe“generationgap”.

19.單選題

HowareNikeandStarbucksconnected?Botharebrands,perhapsNikebeingmorewell-known.Botharelifestyleproducts.BothhaveUSorigins.AndbothhavebenefitedfromtheexpertiseofbrandexpertScottBedbury.

WhenBedburyjoinedNikein1987,thecompanywasaUS$750millionbusiness.HedirectedNike’sworldwideadvertisingcampaignandlaunchedthe“Justdoit”theme.Whenheleftin1994,NikewasaUS$4billioncompany.

NowBedburyisseniorvicepresidentofmarketingatStarbucksCoffee,responsibleforbuildingtheUS$700millionSeattle9basedcompanyintoaglobalbrand.

Bedburyhassomebrand-buildingprinciples.

PrincipleOne:Agreatbrandisinitforthelonghaul.Thismeansthatcompaniesneedtorealizethatagreatbrandisanecessity,notluxury.Itmeansthatcompaniescannotfocusjustonshorttermfinancialreturnsandsacrificelong-termbrand-buildinginvestments.

PrincipleTwo:Agreatbrandcanbeanything.Nikedoesnotsimplyhavetobeshoesandapparels(服裝).Nikecantakeadvantageofthedeepemotionalconnectionthatpeoplehavewithsportsandfitness.Starbuckshastheopportunityforemotionalleverageascoffeehaswovenitselfintothefabricofpeople’slives.

PrincipleThree:Agreatbrandknowsitself.Thismeansfindingoutwhatneedtoenergizeandre-energizethebrandthroughsurprising,intriguingcampaignsrelatedtothebrand’scorepositioning.

PrincipleFour:Agreatbrandinvestorinventsorreinventsanentirecategory.AccordingtoBedbury,greatbrandaimstobeaprotagonist—itaddsagreatersenseofpurposetotheexperienceconsumershavewiththebrand.Nikehasaninformedopiniononwheresportsaregoing.

PrincipleFive:Agreatbrandtapsemotions.Productperformanceisgoodbutitistheemotionalconnectionthatmattersmost.There’salwaystheemotionalelementbehindeverychoice.Abrandthathelpsconsumersconnectwiththeirdreamsandaspirationsisboundtohavemorepowerfulemotionalbonding.

What’simportanttorememberisthatagreatbrandcantravelworldwide,transcendculturalbarriers.

1.Thispassageismainlyfocusedon（）.

2.TheattempttheauthormentionsNikeandStarbucksisto（）.

3.ThemainideaofPrincipleFiveisthat（）.

4.Thesentence“agreatbrandcanbeanything”inparagraph6impliesthat（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.howtobuildagreatbrand

B.theimportanceofbuildingabrand

C.thedevelopmentofNike

D.howtomakeadvertisementappealing

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.indicatetheachievementofBedbury

B.takethemassuccessfulexamples,ofbrandbuilding

C.pointimportanceofthesetwocompaniesinAmerica

D.comparethedifferencebetweenthem

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.itisnotnecessarytopayattentiontoproductperformance

B.greatbrandsaresoimpressivetoconsumersthattheyappearintheirdreams

C.greatbrandswillinfluenceconsumers’emotions

D.emotionalappealingofaproductismorepowerfulthantheproductitself

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.agreatbrandismoreimportantthananythingelse

B.marketingagreatbrandaloneisenough

C.agreatbrandcanbethebrandofanyproduct

D.thefunctionofagreatbrandisveryimportant

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。本文圍繞“如何打造品牌”展開敘述。開頭說到Nike和Starbucks都是受益于ScottBedbury才成為世界著名品牌的，重點(diǎn)講述了他對建立品牌有一些原則，文章最后再指出品牌的重要性。因此A選項(xiàng)“如何打造一個(gè)偉大的品牌”正確，符合題意。B選項(xiàng)“打造品牌的重要性”，只是小部分陳述，不能作為本文的主旨。C選項(xiàng)“耐克的發(fā)展”，文中不僅僅只談耐克的發(fā)展，可排除。D選項(xiàng)“如何使廣告具有吸引力”與題意不符。故選A。

2.推理判斷題。定位到第一段HowareNikeandStarbucksconnected?Botharebrands,perhaps…（耐克和星巴克是如何聯(lián)系在一起的？也許這兩個(gè)都是品牌。）AndbothhavebenefitedfromtheexpertiseofbrandexpertScottBedbury.（耐克和星巴克都是受益于斯科特?貝德伯里才成為世界著名品牌。）緊接著用第二段和第三段的數(shù)據(jù)說明了這點(diǎn)。第四段開始進(jìn)入文章主題——貝德伯里建設(shè)品牌的幾大原則。由此可推理作者提出品牌耐克和星巴克的目的是作為成功“品牌建設(shè)”的好的例子，從而引出文章的主題。因此B選項(xiàng)“把它們作為品牌建設(shè)的成功范例”正確，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“指出貝德伯里的成就”，C選項(xiàng)“指出這兩家公司在美國的重要性”，D選項(xiàng)“比較它們的差異”均不符合題意。故選B。

3.推理判斷題。由關(guān)鍵信息PrincipleFive定位到第九段Agreatbrandtapsemotions.Productperformanceisgoodbutitistheemotionalconnectionthatmattersmost.（一個(gè)偉大的品牌觸動(dòng)情感。產(chǎn)品性能好，但最重要的是情感聯(lián)系。）There’salwaystheemotionalelementbehindeverychoice.（每個(gè)選擇的背后總是有情感元素。）Abrandthathelpsconsumersconnectwiththeirdreamsandaspirationsisboundtohavemorepowerfulemotionalbonding.（品牌，幫助消費(fèi)者連接他們的夢想和愿望，一定要有更強(qiáng)大的情感聯(lián)結(jié)。）第五原則主要談?wù)摰氖钱a(chǎn)品的情感吸引力對于品牌的重要意義。由此可推理產(chǎn)品的情感號召力比產(chǎn)品本身更重要。因此D選項(xiàng)“產(chǎn)品的情感吸引力比產(chǎn)品本身更強(qiáng)大”正確，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“不必注意產(chǎn)品性能”；B選項(xiàng)“偉大的品牌給消費(fèi)者留下了深刻的印象，以至于他們出現(xiàn)在他們的夢想中”，C選項(xiàng)“偉大的品牌會(huì)影響消費(fèi)者的情緒”均不符合題意。故選D。

4.根據(jù)提示定位到第六段PrincipleTwo:Agreatbrandcanbeanything.原則二：一個(gè)偉大的品牌可以是任何東西。給出一個(gè)總結(jié)，然后結(jié)合耐克與星巴克進(jìn)行論證。Nikedoesnotsimplyhavetobeshoesandapparels.（耐克不僅僅是鞋子和衣服。）Nikecantakeadvantageofthedeepemotionalconnectionthatpeoplehavewithsportsandfitness.（耐克可以利用人們的運(yùn)動(dòng)和健身，從而建立深厚的情感聯(lián)系。）隨著咖啡成為人們生活的必需，星巴克就有了情感影響力的機(jī)會(huì)。由此可知一個(gè)偉大的品牌，它的影響力是可以從內(nèi)向外，非常大的。因此D選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)偉大品牌的作用是非常重要的”正確，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)偉大的品牌比任何其他都重要”，B選項(xiàng)“僅靠營銷一個(gè)偉大的品牌就足夠了”，C選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)偉大的品牌可以是任何產(chǎn)品的品牌”均不符題意。故選D。

20.單選題

SpecialistMusicSchoolsHowtocopewithachildwhoshowsoutstandingmusicalability?It'snotalwaysclearhowbesttodevelopandencouragetheirgift.Manyparentsmayevenfailtorecognizeandrespondtotheirchild'sneeduntilfrustrationexplodesintodifficultoruncooperativebehavior.Andwhilemostschoolsareequippedtodealwithchildrenwhoareespeciallyableinacademicsubjects,themusicallygifted