考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣西工程職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣西工程職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.填空題

Who（

）youhowtowriteChinesecharacters?Yourcalligraphyisreallyimpressive!

【答案】

taught

【解析】語(yǔ)義題。句意:誰(shuí)你寫(xiě)書(shū)法?你的書(shū)法真令人欽佩!因此空格處應(yīng)為“教”。而且此處應(yīng)為過(guò)去式,故填taught。

2.填空題

Businessandgovernmentleadersconsidertheinflationratetobeanimportantgeneralindicator.Inflationisaperiodofincreasedspendingthatcausesrapidrisesinprices.Whenyourmoneybuysfewergoodssothatyouget（1）forthesameamountofmoneyasbefore，inflationistheproblem.Thereisageneralrise（2）thepricesandservices.Yourmoneybuysless.Sometimespeopledescribeinflationasatimewhen“adollarisnotworthadollaranymore”.

Inflationisaproblemforallconsumers.Peoplewholiveonafixedincomearehurtthebest.Retiredpeople，forinstancecannotcount（3）anincreaseinincomeaspricesrise.Elderlypeoplewhodonotworkfaceseriousproblemsinstretchingtheirincomesto（4）theirneedsintimeofinflation.Retirementincomeoranyfixedincomeusuallydoesnotriseasfastasprices.Manyretiredpeoplemustcuttheirspendingtokeepupwithrisingprices.Inmanycasestheymuststop（5）somenecessaryitems，suchasfoodandclothing.Evenforworkingpeoplewhoseincomesaregoingup，inflationcanbeaproblem.Thecostoflivinggoes（6），too.Peoplewhoworkmusthaveevenmoremoneytokeepuptheirstandardofliving.Justbuyingthethingstheyneedcostsmore.Whenincomesdonotkeeppacewith（7）prices，thestandardoflivinggoesdown.Peoplemaybeearningthesame（8）ofmoney，buttheyarenotlivingaswellbecausetheyarenotabletobuyasmanygoodsandservices.

Governmentunitsgatherinformationaboutpricesinoureconomyandpublishitaspriceindexesfrom（9）therateofchangecanbedetermined.Apriceindexmeasureschangesinpricesusingthepriceforagivenyearasthebase.Thebasepriceissetat100，andtheotherpricesarereportedasapercentageofthebaseprice.Apriceindexmakes（10）possibletocomparecurrentpricesoftypicalconsumergoods，forexample，withpricesofthesamegoodsinpreviousyear.

【答案】1.less

2.in

3.on

4.meet

5.buying

6.down

7.rising

8.amount

9.which

10.it

【解析】1.考查前后邏輯。空格處所在句子的前一句解釋了什么是通貨膨脹：消費(fèi)需求增加，物價(jià)上漲，從而貨幣貶值。用同樣的錢(qián)買(mǎi)到的東西比以前要少，所以空格處填less。

2.考查固定搭配。在某些方面增加用介詞in。

3.考查固定搭配。counton“指望，依靠”，退休人員指望不上收入能夠隨著物價(jià)上漲而增加。

4.考查固定搭配。meetone’sneeds“滿足某人的需要”，老年人在通貨膨脹的時(shí)代無(wú)法讓自己的收入來(lái)滿足自己的需求。

5.考查動(dòng)詞用法?？崭裉幩诰渥拥那耙痪渚湟馐牵涸S多退休人員為了跟上上漲的物價(jià)，必須要縮減自己的開(kāi)支。由此可知他們放棄了很多需要購(gòu)買(mǎi)的東西，buying符合題意。

6.考查固定搭配。godown“下降”。由于通貨膨脹，導(dǎo)致了生活開(kāi)支水平下降。

7.考查前后邏輯。全文一直提到物價(jià)上漲，空格處需要填寫(xiě)的也是一個(gè)表示物價(jià)增長(zhǎng)的詞，rising符合題意。

8.考查固定搭配。thesameamountof“同等數(shù)量的”。

9.考查定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句用來(lái)修飾priceindexes（價(jià)格指數(shù)），which符合題意。

10.考查固定用法。makeitpossible“使它成為可能”。

3.單選題

AbustookhimtotheWestEnd,where,amongthecrazycoloredfountainsofillumination,shatteringtheblueduskwithgreenandcrimsonfire,hefoundthecaféofhischoice,atea-shopthathadgonemadandturned.Babylonian,awhitepalacewithtenthousandlights.Itstoweredabovetheotherbuildinglikeacitadel,whichindeeditwas,theoutpostofanewage,perhapsanewcivilization,perhapsanewbarbarism;andbehindthethinmarblefrontwereconcreteandsteel,justasbehindthecarelessprofusionofluxuryweremillionsofpence,balancedtothelasthalfpenny.Somewhereinthebackground,hiddenaway,behindthetenthousandlightsandacresofwhitenaperyandbewilderingglitteringrowsofteapots,behindthethousandwaitressesandcash-boxgirlsandblack-coatedfloormanagersandtemperamentallong-hairedviolinists,behindthemoundsofcauldronsofstewedsteak,thevanloadsofices,wereafewmenwhowenttoworkjugglingwithfractionsofafarming,whoknewhowmanyunitsofelectricityittooktofinishasteak-and-kidneypuddingandhowmanyminutesandsecondsawaitress(fivefeetfourinheightandinaveragehealth)wouldneedtocarryatrayofgivenweightfromthekitchenlifetothetableinthefarcomer.Inshort,therewasawarm,sensuous,vulgarlifefloweringintheupperstoreys,andacoldscienceworkinginthebasement.Suchasthegigantictea-shopintowhichTurgismarched,insearchnotofmererefreshmentbutofalltheenchantmentofunfamiliarluxury.Perhapsheknewinhisheartthatmenhaveconqueredhalftheknownworld,lootedwholekingdoms,andneverarrivedinsuchluxury.Theplacewasbuiltforhim.

Itwasbuiltforagreatmanyotherpeopletoo,and,asusual,theywereallthere.Itseemedwithhumanity.Themarbleentrancehall,pileddizzilywithbonbonsandcakes,wasascrowdedandbustlingasarailwaystation.Thegloomandgrimeofthestreets,therawair,allNovember,wereatonceleftbehind,forgotten:theatmosphereinsidewasgolden,tropical,belongingtosomehighmid-summerofconfectionery.Disdainingthelifts,Turgis,oncemoreexcitedbythesight,sound,andsmellofitall,climbedthewidestaircaseuntilhereachedhisfavoritefloor,whereanorchestra,ledbyayoungJewishviolinistwithwanderinglustrouseyesandapassionfortremoloeffects,actedasamagnettoathousandgirls,scentedair,thesensuousclamorofthestrings;and,ashestoodhesitatingamoment,halfdazed,therecame,bowing,asleekgraveman,olderthanhewasandfarmoredistinguishedthanhecouldeverhopetobe,whomurmureddeferentially:“Forone,sir?Thisway,please,”Shyly,yetproudly,Turgisfollowedhim.

1.That“behindthethinmarblefrontwereconcreteandsteel”suggeststhat（）.

2.Thefollowingwordsorphrasesaresomewhatcriticalofthetea-shopEXCEPT（）.

3.Initscontextthestatementthat“theplacewasbuiltforhim”meansthatthecaféwasintendedto（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthesecondparagraphisNOTtrue?

5.ThefollowingarecomparisonsmadebytheauthorinthesecondparagraphEXCEPTthat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.modernrealisticcommercialismexistedbehindtheluxuriousappearance

B.therewasafundamentalfalsenessinthestyleandtheappealofthecafé

C.thearchitecthadmadeasensibleblendofoldandnewbuildingmaterials

D.thecaféwasbasedonphysicalfoundationsandrealeconomicstrength

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.“...turnedBabylonian”

B.“perhapsanewbarbarism”

C.“acresofwhitenapery”

D.“balancedtothelasthalfpenny”

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.pleasesimplepeopleinasimpleway

B.exploitgulliblepeoplelikehim

C.satisfyademandthatalreadyexisted

D.providerelaxationfortiredyoungmen

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thecaféappealedtomostsensessimultaneously.

B.Thecaféwasbothfullofpeopleandfullofwarmth.

C.Theinsideofthecaféwascontrastedwiththeweatheroutside.

D.Itstressedthecommercialdeterminationofthecaféowners.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.theentrancehalliscomparedtoarailwaystation

B.theorchestraiscomparedtoamagnet

C.Turgiswelcomedtheliftlikeaconqueringsoldier

D.theinteriorofthecaféiscomparedtowarmcountries

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題干：“behindthethinmarblefrontwereconcreteandsteel”，代表著_________。由引號(hào)部分的內(nèi)容，可以定位到文章第一段第三句話Itstoweredabovetheotherbuildinglikeacitadel,whichindeeditwas，theoutpostofanewage,perhapsanewcivilization，perhapsanewbarbarism;andbehindthethinmarblefrontwereconcreteandsteel,justasbehindthecarelessprofusionofluxuryweremillionsofpence,balancedtothelasthalfpenny.（它像城堡一樣高聳于其他建筑之上，確實(shí)是一個(gè)新時(shí)代的前哨，也許是一種新的文明，也許是一種新的野蠻；在薄大理石的后面是混凝土和鋼鐵，就像在奢侈的背后是數(shù)百萬(wàn)便士，平衡到最后的半便士。）。根據(jù)上下文，it指代的是上文的awhitepalace.“justas”引導(dǎo)一個(gè)比較狀語(yǔ)從句，把“behindthethinmarblefrontwereconcreteandsteel”與“behindthecarelessprofusionofluxuryweremillionsofpence,balancedtothelasthalfpenny”進(jìn)行比較。采用了象征的手法，“thinmarblefront”象征著外貌浮華，實(shí)則脆弱，“concreteandsteel”，象征著本質(zhì)現(xiàn)實(shí)，與商業(yè)無(wú)差。所以我們可以得出選項(xiàng)A“奢華外表的背后是現(xiàn)代現(xiàn)實(shí)主義的商業(yè)主義”，符合題意。B選項(xiàng)“咖啡館的風(fēng)格和魅力存在一個(gè)基本的虛偽”和D選項(xiàng)“咖啡館是基于物理基礎(chǔ)和真實(shí)的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力”，都是在說(shuō)咖啡館的特征，故不符合題意。C選項(xiàng)“建筑師將新舊建筑材料合理地混合在一起”，此處不是在講建筑材料，而是通過(guò)建筑材料引申出更深刻的含義，故C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是A選項(xiàng)。

2.推理判斷題。題干：以下單詞除了______，都是在批判茶館。A選項(xiàng)的單詞可以定位到文章第一段第一、二句atea-shopthathadgonemadandturned.Babylonian,awhitepalacewithtenthousandlights.（一家已經(jīng)瘋了，變了樣的茶館。巴比倫，一座有萬(wàn)盞燈的白色宮殿），Babylonian用于限定茶館，是一處用典，表示罪惡的、富麗的與critical意義一致，故排除A選項(xiàng)。B選項(xiàng)的單詞可以定位到文章第一段第三句話Ittoweredabovetheotherbuildinglikeacitadel,whichindeeditwas,theoutpostofanewage,perhapsanewcivilization,perhapsanewbarbarism;（它像城堡一樣高聳于其他建筑之上，確實(shí)是一個(gè)新時(shí)代的前哨，也許是一種新的文明，也許是一種新的野蠻），此處barbarism和civilization是對(duì)比關(guān)系，僅表達(dá)中性?xún)r(jià)值，故B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)的單詞定位到文章第一段第四句Somewhereinthebackground,hiddenaway,behindthetenthousandlightsandacresofwhitenaperyandbewilderingglitteringrowsofteapots（在背后的某個(gè)地方，隱藏在萬(wàn)盞燈、大片的白色桌布和一排排令人眼花繚亂的閃閃發(fā)光的茶壺后面），此處體現(xiàn)了鋪張浪費(fèi)，表達(dá)作者的批評(píng)，故排除C選項(xiàng)。D選項(xiàng)的單詞可以定位到文章第一段第三句話justasbehindthecarelessprofusionofluxuryweremillionsofpence,balancedtothelasthalfpenny.（就像在奢侈的背后是數(shù)百萬(wàn)便士，平衡到最后的半便士。），此處象征著奢華外表的背后是現(xiàn)代現(xiàn)實(shí)主義的商業(yè)主義，也是批判的含義，故排除。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是B選項(xiàng)。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：文中的“theplacewasbuiltforhim”意味著咖啡館的目的是________。根據(jù)題干定位到第一段最后兩句話Suchasthegigantictea-shopintowhichTurgismarched,insearchnotofmererefreshmentbutofalltheenchantmentofunfamiliarluxury.Perhapsheknewinhisheartthatmenhaveconqueredhalftheknownworld,lootedwholekingdoms,andneverarrivedinsuchluxury.Theplacewasbuiltforhim.（比如Turgis建造的巨大的茶館，不僅僅是為了尋找茶點(diǎn)，而是為了尋找所有不熟悉的奢侈品的魅力。也許他心里知道，人類(lèi)已經(jīng)征服了半個(gè)已知的世界，掠奪了整個(gè)王國(guó)，卻從未有過(guò)這樣的奢侈。這地方是為他建造的），咖啡館的性質(zhì)是它富麗堂皇，鋪張浪費(fèi)如宮殿，商業(yè)性強(qiáng)。本文全文都是對(duì)他的批判。A選項(xiàng)“以簡(jiǎn)單的方式愉悅?cè)藗儭保Х瑞^并不簡(jiǎn)單，而是奢侈，所以A選項(xiàng)不正確。B選項(xiàng)“利用像他這樣容易上當(dāng)?shù)娜恕保项}目對(duì)咖啡館批判的性質(zhì)，故B選項(xiàng)符合題意。C選項(xiàng)“滿足已經(jīng)存在的需求”，和D選項(xiàng)“為疲憊的年輕人提供放松”，在文中并未提及。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是B選項(xiàng)。

4.推理判斷題。題干：以下關(guān)于第二段的陳述，不正確的是？文章第二段提到當(dāng)走到咖啡館內(nèi)部時(shí)，分別從視覺(jué)，嗅覺(jué)，聽(tīng)覺(jué)的方面描述了內(nèi)部的情景，所以A選項(xiàng)“咖啡館同時(shí)吸引了大多數(shù)感官”，符合題意。B選項(xiàng)“咖啡館既充滿了人，又充滿了溫暖”，第二段并沒(méi)有提及咖啡館里面有沒(méi)有人，而溫暖也是由于其奢侈的裝修帶來(lái)的視覺(jué)感受，是一種諷刺，所以B選項(xiàng)不正確。第二段第三句話Thegloomandgrimeofthestreets,therawair,allNovember,wereatonceleftbehind,forgotten:theatmosphereinsidewasgolden,tropical,belongingtosomehighmid-summerofconfectionery.（整個(gè)11月，街道上的陰暗、污濁和空氣都立刻被拋在腦后，遺忘了。屋里的氣氛是金黃的、熱帶的，像是糖果店的盛夏時(shí)節(jié)。），可知，C選項(xiàng)“咖啡館的內(nèi)部與外面的天氣形成了鮮明的對(duì)比”，正確。通過(guò)第二段整個(gè)的描述，都是在說(shuō)咖啡館內(nèi)部的奢華，故D選項(xiàng)“它強(qiáng)調(diào)了咖啡館老板的商業(yè)決心”，也是正確的。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是B選項(xiàng)。

5.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：以下是作者在第二段所做的類(lèi)比，除了_________。由題干定位到文章第二段第一句話Itwasbuiltforagreatmanyotherpeopletoo,and,asusual,theywereallthere.Itseemedwithhumanity.Themarbleentrancehall,pileddizzilywithbonbonsandcakes,wasascrowdedandbustlingasarailwaystation.（它還為許多其他的人建造，像往常一樣，他們都在那里。這似乎是人性的表現(xiàn)。大理石門(mén)廳里堆滿了令人眼花繚亂的糖果和蛋糕，擁擠得像火車(chē)站一樣。），可知A選項(xiàng)“入口大廳被比作一個(gè)火車(chē)站”，是作者做的比較，排除A選項(xiàng)。文章第二段第五句話whereanorchestra,ledbyayoungJewishviolinistwithwanderinglustrouseyesandapassionfortremoloeffects,actedasamagnettoathousandgirls（一個(gè)年輕的猶太小提琴家?guī)ьI(lǐng)著一支管弦樂(lè)隊(duì)，他有著明亮的眼睛，對(duì)顫音的熱情，像磁鐵一樣吸引著無(wú)數(shù)女孩），可知B選項(xiàng)“管弦樂(lè)隊(duì)被比作一塊磁鐵”，也是作者用的比喻，排除B選項(xiàng)。由文章第二段第四句話theatmosphereinsidewasgolden,tropical,belongingtosomehighmid-summerofconfectionery（里面的氣氛是金黃色的，充滿了熱帶氣息，像是糖果店的盛夏時(shí)節(jié)），可知D選項(xiàng)“咖啡館的內(nèi)部被比作溫暖的國(guó)家”，也是作者的比喻，故排除D選項(xiàng)。由第二段第五句話Disdainingthelifts,Turgis,oncemoreexcitedbythesight,sound,andsmellofitall,climbedthewidestaircaseuntilhereachedhisfavoritefloor（Turgis對(duì)電梯不屑一顧，他再一次為這一切的景象、聲音和氣味而興奮，爬上寬大的樓梯，一直走到他最喜歡的樓層），可知B選項(xiàng)“Turgis像一名勝利的士兵一樣歡迎電梯的到來(lái)”，不正確。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是B選項(xiàng)。

4.單選題

AgriculturalprogressprovidedthestimulusnecessarytosetoffeconomicexpansioninmedievalFrance.Aslongasthosewhoworkedthelandwerebarelyabletoensuretheirownsubsistenceandthatoftheirlandlords,allotheractivitieshadtobeminimal,butwhenfoodsurplusesincreased,itbecamepossibletoreleasemorepeopleforgovernmental,commercial,religiousandculturalpursuits.

However,notallthefundsfromtheagriculturalsurpluswereactuallyavailableforcommercialinvestment.Muchofthesurplus,intheformoffoodincreases,probablywenttoraisethesubsistencelevel;anadditionalamount,intheformofcurrencygainedfromthesaleoffood,wentintotheroyaltreasurytobeusedinwagingwar.AlthoughLouisVIIofFranceleviedalesscrushingtaxburdenonhissubjectsthandidEngland’sHenryII,LouisVIIdidspendgreatsumsonanunsuccessfulcrusade,andhisvassals—bothlayandecclesiastic—tookoverspendingwheretheirsovereignstopped.SurplusfundswereclaimedbothbytheChurchandbyfeudallandholders,whereuponcathedralsandcastlesmushroomedthroughoutFrance.

Thesimultaneousprogressofcathedralbuildingand,forinstance,vineyardexpansioninBordeauxillustratestheveryrealcompetitionforavailablecapitalbetweentheChurchandcommercialinterests;theformerproducedinestimablemoralandartisticriches,butthelatterhadastrongerimmediateimpactupongrossnationalproduct.Moreover,thoughallwarsbydefinitionaredefensive,thefrequentcrossingsofarmiesthatlivedoffthelandandimpartiallyburnedallthehutsandbarnsontheirpathconsumedconsiderableresources.

Sincedemandsontheagriculturalsurpluswouldhavevariedfromyeartoyear,wecannotpreciselycalculatetheirimpactonthecommercialgrowthofmedievalFrance.Butwemustbearthatimpactinmindwhenestimatingtheassetsthatwerelikelytohavebeenavailableforinvestment.Nodoubtcastleandcathedralbuildingwasnottotallybarrenofprofit(forthebuilders,thatis),anditproducedintangibledividendsofmaterialandmoralsatisfactionforthecommunity.Evenwarshandedbackafragmentofwhattheytook,atleasttoafew.Still,wecannotplaceonthesameplaneaprimarilydestructiveactivityandaconstructiveone,norexpectthesameresultsfromanewbelltowerasfromanewwatermill.Aboveall,medievalFrancehadlittleroomforinvestmentoverandabovethepreservationoflife.Grantedthatwarcostmuchlessthanitdoestoday,thattheChurchrenderedallsortsofeducationalandrecreationalservicesthatwereunobtainableelsewhere,andthatgovernmentwasfarlessdemandingthanisthemodernstate—nevertheless,formedievalmenandwomen,supportingcommercialdevelopmentrequiredconsiderableeconomicsacrifice.

1.Accordingtothepassage,agriculturalrevenuesinexcessoftheamountneededforsubsistencewereusedbymedievalkingsto（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwasanimportantsourceofrevenueinmedievalFrance?

3.ThepassagesuggeststhatwhichofthefollowingwouldhavereducedtheassetsimmediatelyavailableforcommercialinvestmentinmedievalFrance?

I.Renovationofalargecathedral

II.Asharpincreaseinthebirthrate

III.AninvasionofFrancebyHenryII

4.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatmorepeoplecouldentergovernmentandtheChurchinmedievalFrancebecause（

）.

5.Theauthorimpliesthatthereasonwecannotexpectthesameresultsfromanewbelltowerasfromanewwatermillisthat（

）.

6.Theauthorofthepassagemostprobablybaseshiscentralargumentonwhichofthefollowingtheoreticalassumptionsoftenmadebyeconomists?

7.TheauthorsuggeststhatcommercialexpansioninmedievalFrance“requiredconsiderableeconomicsacrifice”(lines59-60)primarilyforwhichofthefollowingreasons?

8.Thepassageimpliesthatwhichofthefollowingyieldedthelowestdividendtomedievalmenandwomenrelativetoitscost?

9.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthecentralideaofthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.patronizethearts

B.sponsorpublicrecreation

C.wagewar

D.buildcathedrals

E.fundpubliceducation

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Cheese

B.Wine

C.Wool

D.Oliveoil

E.Veal

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.IIIonly

B.IandIIonly

C.IandIIIonly

D.IIandIIIonly

E.I,II,andIII

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thenumberofindividuallandholdingsinheavilyagriculturalareaswasbeginningtoincrease

B.anincreaseinthevolumeofinternationaltradehadbroughtanincreaseinthepopulationofcities

C.adecreaseinwarfarehadallowedthekingtodecreasethesizeofthearmy

D.foodproducerscouldgrowmorefoodthantheyandtheirfamiliesneededtosurvive

E.landlordswereprosperingandthusweredemandingasmallerpercentageoftenants’annualyields

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.belltowersyieldanintangibledividend

B.belltowersprovidematerialsatisfaction

C.watermillscostmoretobuildthanbelltowers

D.watermillsdivertfundsfromcommerce

E.watermillsmightwellbedestroyedbywar

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.Differentpeopleshouldbetaxedinproportiontothebenefittheycanexpecttoreceivefrompublicactivity.

B.Perfectcompetitionexistsonlyinthecasewherenofarmer,merchant,orlaborercontrolsalargeenoughshareofthetotalmarkettoinfluencemarketprice.

C.Apopulationwealthyenoughtocutbackitsrateofconsumptioncanfunneltheresultingsavingsintothecreationofcapital.

D.Afull-employmenteconomymustalways,toproduceonegood,giveupproducinganothergood.

E.Thereisauniversaltendencyforpopulation,unlesscheckedbyfoodsupply,toincreaseinageometricprogression.

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.Cathedralscostmoretobuildandrebuildthandidcastles.

B.Thenumerouswarsfoughtduringtheperiodlefttheroyaltreasurybankrupt.

C.LouisVIIleviedamorecrushingtaxburdenonhissubjectsthandidHenryII.

D.Althoughmuchoftheavailablesurplushadbeendivertedintovineyardexpansion,thevineyardshadnotyetbeguntoproduce.

E.Althoughmorefoodwasbeingproduced,thesubsistencelevelwasnotveryfarabovetheminimumrequiredtosustainlife.

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.Warfare

B.Vineyardexpansion

C.Watermillconstruction

D.Castlebuilding

E.Cathedralbuilding

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.CommercialgrowthinmedievalFrancemaybeaccuratelycomputedbycalculatingthenumberofcastlesandcathedralsbuiltduringtheperiod.

B.CompetitionbetweentheChurchandthefeudalaristocracyforfundscreatedbyagriculturalsurplusdemonstrablyslowedtheeconomicgrowthofmedievalFrance.

C.Despitesuchburdensaswarandcapitalexpansionbylandholders,commerceinmedievalFranceexpandedsteadilyastheagriculturalsurplusincreased.

D.FundsactuallyavailableforcommerceinmedievalFrancevariedwiththedemandsplacedontheagriculturalsurplus.

E.ThesimultaneousprogressofvineyardexpansionandbuildinginmedievalFrancegivesevidenceofarapidlyexpandingeconomy.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:E

第4題:D

第5題:A

第6題:C

第7題:E

第8題:A

第9題:D

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“inexcessoftheamount”“subsistence”,將信息點(diǎn)定位到原文第二段第二句?！癕uchofthesurplus,intheformoffoodincreases,probablywenttoraisethesubsistencelevel;anadditionalamount,intheformofcurrencygainedfromthesaleoffood,wentintotheroyaltreasurytobeusedinwagingwar.（以糧食增長(zhǎng)形式出現(xiàn)的大部分盈余，很可能用于提高生活水平；又有因賣(mài)糧所得的銀錢(qián)，用以打仗。）”即可得出本題答案。

2.

細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。定位原文第三段。根據(jù)“vineyardexpansioninBordeauxillustratestheveryrealcompetitionforavailablecapitalbetweentheChurchandcommercialinterests（波爾多葡萄園的擴(kuò)張表明，教會(huì)和商業(yè)利益之間對(duì)可用資本的爭(zhēng)奪非常激烈）”即可得出本題答案。

3.

事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“commercialinvestment”“medievalFrance”，將信息點(diǎn)定位到原文第三段。根據(jù)“theformerproducedinestimablemoralandartisticriches”“thoughallwarsbydefinitionaredefensive,thefrequentcrossingsofarmiesthatlivedoffthelandandimpartiallyburnedallthehutsandbarnsontheirpathconsumedconsiderableresources.”從而得出本題答案。

4.事實(shí)推斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“entergovernmentandtheChurch”,將信息點(diǎn)定位到原文第一段最后一句?！癆slongasthosewhoworkedthelandwerebarelyabletoensuretheirownsubsistenceandthatoftheirlandlords,allotheractivitieshadtobeminimal,butwhenfoodsurplusesincreased,itbecamepossibletoreleasemorepeopleforgovernmental,commercial,religiousandculturalpursuits.（只要那些耕種土地的人勉強(qiáng)能夠保證他們自己和他們的地主的生存，所有其他活動(dòng)都必須盡量減少，但是，當(dāng)糧食盈余增加時(shí)，就有可能釋放更多的人從事政府、商業(yè)、宗教和文化活動(dòng)。）”即可得出本題答案。

5.

事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“newbelltower”“newwatermill”,將信息點(diǎn)定位到原文第四段第五句。根據(jù)第四段第三句，“Nodoubtcastleandcathedralbuildingwasnottotallybarrenofprofit(forthebuilders,thatis),anditproducedintangibledividendsofmaterialandmoralsatisfactionforthecommunity.（毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，城堡和大教堂的建設(shè)并不是完全沒(méi)有利潤(rùn)（也就是說(shuō)，對(duì)建筑者來(lái)說(shuō)），它為社會(huì)帶來(lái)了無(wú)形的物質(zhì)和道德滿足的紅利。）”即可得出本題答案。

6.

細(xì)節(jié)推理題。通讀全文，可知作者的核心觀點(diǎn)與選項(xiàng)C的表述最為吻合。從而得出本題答案。

7.

細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“requiredconsiderableeconomicsacrifice”,將信息點(diǎn)定位到原文最后一段最后一句，“Grantedthatwarcostmuchlessthanitdoestoday,thattheChurchrenderedallsortsofeducationalandrecreationalservicesthatwereunobtainableelsewhere,andthatgovernmentwasfarlessdemandingthanisthemodernstate—nevertheless,formedievalmenandwomen,supportingcommercialdevelopmentrequiredconsiderableeconomicsacrifice.”即可得出本題答案。

8.

細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。通讀全文，能發(fā)現(xiàn)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)（戰(zhàn)事）對(duì)中世紀(jì)人們的影響最大。從而得出本題答案。

9.

主旨大意題。通讀全文，發(fā)現(xiàn)本文多次提及的關(guān)鍵詞為“agriculturalsurplus”“Fundsavailableforcommerce”“medievalFrance”，從而得出本題的答案。

5.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Theideahasreignedforyearsthattheagingbrain’sneuronsdieoffbyasmanyas100,000aday—takingwiththemlife’scherishedmemories.But,infactneuron-biologistssuchasAlanPetersofBostonUniversityhaveshowninrecentstudiesthat,whilebraincellsmayshrinkinoldage,theydon’tdieoffinlargenumbers.

What’smore,sayneuroscientists,it’sprimarilythebrain’s“hardware”—thebillionsoftelephone-line-likeconnectionsandrelayswitcheswhichactasprocessingequipment—thatisvulnerabletowearingoutwithage.Thebrain’s“software”—theactualinformationthatfillsupthemindoveralifetime—doesn’tnecessarilydeteriorate.Ifanything,itcangrowmoresophisticated.So,justasrunningthelatestsoftwareprogramonanoldcomputerwilltakemoretimeandmayinvolvesometrouble,onecarstillpossessafirst-rateintelligencewhilelosingsomecognitivespeedlaterinlife.

Whenmentalabilitiesdopasstheirpeak,memoryisn’tthefirsttogo,Powellandotherssay.It’susuallythebrain’scapacitytomakesenseofspatialrelationships—map-readingorfindingyourcaratthemall—whichmaybegintogetdifficultinyour40s.

Adecadelater,theabstractreasoningrequiredtomakeanalogiesdipsdownward.Nexttodropis“verbalmemoryafterdelay”—rememberingdetailsofastoryafterhavingturnedattentiontoothertasks.Butsomementalskills,suchastheabilitytoconcentrateorcalculatemath,seemtoremainsturdylongintooldage.And“procedural”memory—howtoplaygolforrideabike—isusuallynottouchedbyaging.

Even“common”memoryloss,however,shouldn’tbeconsiderednormal.Itcouldbetreatable.NeurologistsatHarvardarefindingthat,laterinlife,thebrainoftenproduceslessacetylcholine(乙酰膽堿),aneurotransmitterinvolvedinmemory.Tentativeresultssuggestthatdrugscouldmimicthemissingchemical.Atleastadozenothersubstancesarealsobeingstudiedaspotentialmemoryboosters.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whenweareold________.

2.Accordingtotheneuroscientists,theinformationinourmind________.

3.Theneuroscientistscompareourbrainwithcomputertoshowthat________.

4.Accordingtothepassage,atwhatagedoourbrainsworkbest?

5.Whatmighthappenwhenweareinour50s?

6.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthispassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ourbrainneuronsdieoffveryquickly

B.ourbrainneuronsdonotdieatall

C.ourbrainneuronsmaybecomesmaller

D.ourbrainneuronstakeawayourcherishedmemories

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.iseasytobelostatoldages

B.doesnotchangeatoldages

C.wearsouteasilywithage

D.canbemorecomplicatedatoldages

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.whenpeoplegetold,theirbrainsworkslowlyasoldmachines

B.humanbeingsareasintelligentascomputers

C.thestructureofourbrainsisverycomplicated

D.agreatdealofinformationcanbestoredinourbrains

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Whenweareyoungerthanthirty.

B.Whenweareaboutforty.

C.Whenweareoverfifty.

D.Whenweareveryold.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Webegintoforgetwherewehaveputourthings.

B.Webegintohavedifficultyinexplainingwhytwothingsarealike.

C.Webegintoforgetthemessagethatwehavebeentold.

D.Webegintoforgethowtooperateamachine.

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.HowToKeepOurMemoriesAtOldAges

B.MemoriesGoesFirstWhenWeAreOld

C.ExploringTheMythOfOurMemory

D.HowToStayMentallyAlert

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:B

第6題:C

【解析】第1題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第一段最后一句...whilebraincellsmayshrinkinoldage,theydon’tdieoffinlargenumbers.（……雖然我們的腦細(xì)胞會(huì)在晚年萎縮，但是并不會(huì)出現(xiàn)大量死亡的現(xiàn)象）從這句可知腦細(xì)胞不會(huì)很快速地死亡，也不是不會(huì)死亡只是小范圍地死亡，所以A選項(xiàng)“我們的腦細(xì)胞會(huì)很快的死亡”和B選項(xiàng)“我們的腦細(xì)胞完全不會(huì)死亡”錯(cuò)誤；D選項(xiàng)“我們的腦細(xì)胞帶走珍貴的會(huì)議”不符合邏輯，因?yàn)槭悄X細(xì)胞的死亡才會(huì)造成記憶缺失并不是腦細(xì)胞帶走我們的記憶。萎縮的細(xì)胞會(huì)要比普通細(xì)胞小。所以答案是C選項(xiàng)“我們的腦細(xì)胞可能會(huì)變小”。

第2題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。從題干定位到第二段倒數(shù)第二三句話Thebrain’s“software”—theactualinformationthatfillsupthemindoveralifetime—doesn’tnecessarilydeteriorate.Ifanything,itcangrowmoresophisticated.（大腦的“軟件”——一生中裝滿了大腦的實(shí)際信息——并不一定會(huì)退化。如果要說(shuō)有什么的話，那就是它（腦細(xì)胞）變得更加復(fù)雜了）從這句話可知儲(chǔ)存著大腦信息的“軟件”不會(huì)退化，所以“軟件”里面的信息也不會(huì)輕易丟失，A選項(xiàng)“我們腦海的信息在老年的時(shí)候容易忘記”；B選項(xiàng)“我們腦海的信息在老年的時(shí)候也不會(huì)改變”C選項(xiàng)“我們腦海的信息在老年的時(shí)候容易磨損”錯(cuò)誤；D選項(xiàng)“我們腦海的信息在老年的時(shí)候會(huì)變得復(fù)雜”正確。

第3題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第二段前面三句話it’sprimarilythebrain’s“hardware”—thebillionsoftelephone-line-likeconnectionsandrelayswitcheswhichactasprocessingequipment—thatisvulnerabletowearingoutwithage.Thebrain’s“software”—theactualinformationthatfillsupthemindoveralifetime—doesn’tnecessarilydeteriorate.Ifanything,itcangrowmoresophisticated.（主要是大腦的“硬件”——數(shù)十億充當(dāng)處理設(shè)備的像電話線一樣的連接和繼電器開(kāi)關(guān)（的細(xì)胞）——很容易隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)而磨損。大腦的“軟件”——在一生中裝滿了大腦的實(shí)際信息——并不一定會(huì)退化。如果要說(shuō)有什么的話，那就是它（腦細(xì)胞）變得更加復(fù)雜了。）隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)腦細(xì)胞里儲(chǔ)藏的信息變得復(fù)雜了，但是處理信息的細(xì)胞卻隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)老化，這一現(xiàn)象就很像一臺(tái)舊電腦運(yùn)行著最新的軟件，所以A選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)人們變老之后，我們大腦的工作會(huì)如同一臺(tái)舊電腦般運(yùn)行得緩慢”正確。B選項(xiàng)“人類(lèi)像電腦一樣聰明”，這個(gè)說(shuō)法不符合我們生活邏輯；C選項(xiàng)“我們大腦結(jié)構(gòu)非常復(fù)雜”和D選項(xiàng)“大量信息可以?xún)?chǔ)存在我們腦海中”文章沒(méi)有提及。

第4題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段Whenmentalabilitiesdopasstheirpeak,memoryisn’tthefirsttogo,Powellandotherssay.It’susuallythebrain’scapacitytomakesenseofspatialrelationships—map-readingorfindingyourcaratthemall—whichmaybegintogetdifficultinyour40s.（鮑威爾和其他生物學(xué)家說(shuō)，當(dāng)腦力達(dá)到頂峰時(shí)，記憶力并不是最先消失的。（最先消失的）通常是大腦理解空間關(guān)系的能力——看地圖或在商場(chǎng)里找到你的車(chē)——在你40多歲的時(shí)候，這可能開(kāi)始變得困難。）從beginto（開(kāi)始）這個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞可知40歲的時(shí)候，我們的大腦開(kāi)始走下坡路了，所以40歲時(shí)，我們大腦就處于巔峰狀態(tài)，因而答案選B。

第5題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第四段第二句話Adecadelater,theabstractreasoningrequiredtomakeanalogiesdipsdownward.（十年后，進(jìn)行類(lèi)比所需要的抽象推理能力下降了。）分析兩件事的異同需要我們的抽象邏輯能力，所以B選項(xiàng)“我們解釋某兩件事的相似之處開(kāi)始變得困難”正確，定位到最后一段第一句話Even“common”memoryloss,however,shouldn’tbeconsiderednormal.Itcouldbetreatable.（然而，即使是“普通的”失憶也不應(yīng)該被視為正常。它是可以治療的。）失憶不是正常現(xiàn)象而且是可以治愈的，而A選項(xiàng)“我們開(kāi)始忘記把東西放哪了”，C選項(xiàng)“我們開(kāi)始忘記別人告訴我們的信息”，D選項(xiàng)“我們開(kāi)始忘記怎么操作機(jī)械了”，這些都是關(guān)于失憶的現(xiàn)象的，所以A，C，D不選。

第6題:主旨大意題。文章全文都是在客觀地描述我們腦細(xì)胞隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)會(huì)出現(xiàn)什么情況，沒(méi)有告訴我們應(yīng)該去什么措施，所以A選項(xiàng)“怎么在老年的時(shí)候保持記憶”，以及D選項(xiàng)“怎樣保持機(jī)警”不選。B選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)我們老了，記憶排在第一位”雖然文中有提及，但是不是主題，而且這句話和文章內(nèi)容相對(duì)的，所以排除。文章內(nèi)容是根據(jù)記憶來(lái)展開(kāi)的，第一段以人們的錯(cuò)覺(jué)開(kāi)頭，然后介紹了生物學(xué)家相關(guān)的實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證腦細(xì)胞和記憶的關(guān)系，然后描述隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，記憶出現(xiàn)什么樣的情況，所以答案選C選項(xiàng)“探尋我們記憶之謎”。

6.單選題

Thepostofficeisnot（

）fordamagetoaparcelsentbymailunlessitisinsured.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.qualified

B.liable

C.guilty

D.jealous

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。qualified“合格的，有資格的”；liable“有責(zé)任的，有義務(wù)的”；guilty“有罪的，內(nèi)疚的”；jealous“妒忌的，猜疑的”。beliablefor“有……責(zé)任，有……義務(wù)”。由unless…可知郵局對(duì)沒(méi)投保的包裹的損壞不承擔(dān)責(zé)任。故B項(xiàng)正確。句意：郵