考研考博-英語-廣西建設職業(yè)技術學院考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣西建設職業(yè)技術學院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Theunfortunatedeathofthegeniuspoetcaused（）losstothiscountry.

問題1選項

A.priceless

B.countless

C.incalculable

D.imaginable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項priceless“無價的”；B選項countess“無數的，數不盡的”；C選項incalculable“不可計算的”；D選項imaginable“可想象的”。句意：那位天才詩人的不幸死亡給國家?guī)砹瞬豢捎嬎愕膿p失。結合句意，只有C選項符合。

2.翻譯題

Americanpsychologistsholdthatthereareseveralcomponentstohavinghigh“emotionalintelligence.”Firstisself-awareness,becauseyoucanonlybeincontrolofyourlifeandyourrelationshipsifyouknowyourself.Secondisbeingabletoproperlymanageyouremotions,soyoucancontrolyourfeelingsratherthanlettingthemcontrolyou.Thirdisbeingself-motivated,andbeingabletogetthroughtoughtimesandstartover.Thefourthisbeingreceptivetootherpeople’semotions,whichiscrucialforeffectivecommunicationandhealthyrelationships.Thefifthisbeingabletomanageyourelationships,whichincludesleadershipandprofessionalmanagementskills.

【答案】美國心理學家認為，情商包括以下幾個方面的內容：一是認識自己的情緒，只有認識自己，才能成為自己生活的主宰。二是能妥善管理自己的情緒，即能調控自己。三是自我激勵，它能夠使人走出生命中的低潮，重新出發(fā)。四是認識他人的情緒，這是與他人正常交流順利溝通的基礎。五是人際關系的管理，即領導和管理能力。

3.單選題

Treesshouldonlybeprunedwhenthereisagoodandclearreasonfordoingsoand,fortunately,thenumberofsuchreasonsissmall．Pruninginvolvesthecuttingawayofovergrownandunwantedbranches,andtheinexperiencedgardenercanbeencouragedbythethoughtthatmoredamageresultsfromdoingitunnecessarilythanfromleavingthetreetogrowinitsownway.

First,pruningmaybedonetomakesurethattreeshaveadesiredshapeorsize．Theobjectmaybetogetatreeoftherightheight,andatthesametimetohelpthegrowthofsmallsidebrancheswhichwillthickenitsappearanceorgiveitaspecialshape．Secondly,pruningmaybedonetomakethetreehealthier．Youmaycutoutdiseasedordeadwood,orbranchesthatarerubbingagainsteachotherandthuscausingwounds．Thehealthofatreemaybeencouragedbyremovingthebranchesthatarelockingupthecenterandsopreventingthefreemovementofair.

Oneresultofpruningisthatanopenwouldisleftonthetreeandthisprovidesaneasyentryfordiseases,butitisawoundthatwillheal．Oftenthereisaracebetweenthehealingandthediseaseastowhetherthetreewillliveordie,orthatthereisaperiodwhenthetreeisatrisk．Itshouldbetheaimofeverygardenertoreducetheriskasfaraspossible．Itisessentialtomaketheareawhichhasbeenprunedsmoothandclean,forhealingwillbesloweddownbyroughness．Youshouldallowthecutsurfacetodryforafewhoursandthenpaintitwithoneofthesubstancesavailablefromgardenshopsproducedespeciallyforthispurpose．Pruningisusuallydoneinwinter,forthenyoucanseetheshapeofthetreeclearlywithouttheinterferencefromtheleavesanditis,too,veryunlikelythatthecutsyoumakewillbleed．Ifthisdoeshappen,itis,ofcourse,impossibletopaintthemproperly.

1.Pruningisprobablyusuallydoneto（）.

2.Treesbecomeunhealthyifthegardener().

問題1選項

A.makethesmallbranchesthicker.

B.getridofthesmallbranches.

C.improvetheshapeofthetree.

D.makethetreegrowtaller.

問題2選項

A.damagessomeofthesmallsidebranches.

B.forcesthemtogrowtooquickly.

C.doesnotprotectthemfromthewind.

D.allowstoomanybranchestogrowinthemiddle.

問題3選項

A.Tohelpawoundtodry.

B.Tocoveraroughsurface.

C.Topreventdiseaseenteringawound.

D.Tomakeawoundsmooth.

問題4選項

A.regularlyeverywinter.

B.occasionallywhennecessary.

C.asquicklyaspossible.

D.atintervalsthroughouttheyear.

問題5選項

A.Todiscussdifferentmethodsofpruning.

B.Toexplainhowtreesdevelopdisease.

C.Togiveageneraldescriptionofpruning.

D.Togivepracticalinstructionforpruningatree.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。第二段第一句指出：First,pruningmaybedonetomakesurethattreeshaveadesiredshapeorsize(首先，修剪可以確保樹有一個理想的形狀或大小)。由此可知，修剪通常是為了“改善樹的形狀”，故選C。

2.判斷推理題。第二段最后一句指出：Thehealthofatreemaybeencouragedbyremovingthebranchesthatarelockingupthecenterandsopreventingthefreemovementofair(修剪掉擋在中間而阻止了空氣自由流通的樹枝，可以讓樹更健康)。由此可知，如果園丁讓太多的樹枝在中間生長，樹就會不健康。D選項正確。

3.判斷推理題。最后一段第一句指出：Oneresultofpruningisthatanopenwouldisleftonthetreeandthisprovidesaneasyentryfordiseases,butitisawoundthatwillheal(修剪的一個后果是樹上留下一個缺口，這為疾病提供了一個容易的入口，但這是一個可以愈合的傷口)。因此樹被涂上一種特殊材料終究是為了“防止疾病通過修剪口侵入”。B項和D項都是干擾項，雖然后面提到：Itisessentialtomaketheareawhichhasbeenprunedsmoothandclean,forhealingwillbesloweddownbyroughness(修剪過的區(qū)域必須光滑干凈，因為粗糙會減緩愈合速度)。但它們并不是最終原因。因此本題選C。

4.判斷推理題。第一段指出：Treesshouldonlybeprunedwhenthereisagoodandclearreasonfordoingsoand…(只有在有充分和明確的理由時才應該修剪樹木)。由此推斷，B項“必要時偶爾修剪”正確。

5.主旨大意題。本文開頭講了修剪的原因，方法，后面講了修剪的后果極其處理方法，因此C項“概述修剪”比較能概括本文主旨。

4.單選題

Onlineschools,which（）theneedsofdifferentpeople,haveemergedasanincreasinglypopulareducationalternative.

問題1選項

A.consentto

B.stirup

C.switchon

D.caterto

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項consentto“同意；答應；贊成”；B選項stirup“激起；煽動；攪拌；喚起”；C選項switchon“接通，開啟”；D選項caterto“迎合；為……服務”。句意：滿足不同人群需求的網上學校已經成為一種日益流行的教育方式。由空格后的關鍵詞“theneedsof……的需求”可知“迎合”符合句意，因此D選項正確。

5.單選題

The（）ofthespringwaterattractsalotofvisitorsfromalloverthecountry.

問題1選項

A.clash

B.clarify

C.clarity

D.clatter

【答案】C

【解析】clash沖突；clarify澄清，闡明；clarity清澈，透明；clatter嘩啦聲，嘈雜聲。句意：清澈的泉水吸引了許多來自全國各地的游客。選項C符合句意。

6.單選題

SocialcircumstancesinEarlyModernEnglandmostlyservedtorepresswomen’svoices.Patriarchalcultureandinstitutionsconstructedthemaschaste,silent,obedient,andsubordinate.Atthebeginningof17thcentury,theideologyofpatriarchy,politicalabsolutism,andgenderhierarchywerereaffirmedpowerfullybyKingJamesinTheTrewLawofFreeMonarchieandtheBasilikonDoron;bythatideologytheabsolutepowerofGodthesupremepatriarchwasseentobeimagedintheabsolutemonarchofthestateandinthehusbandandfatherofafamily.Accordingly,awoman’ssubjection,firsttoherfatherandthentoherhusband,imagedthesubjectionofEnglishpeopletotheirmonarch,andofallChristianstoGod.Also,theperiodsawanoutpouringofrepressiveorovertlymisogynistsermons,tracts,andplays,detailingwomen’sphysicalandmentaldefects,spiritualevils,rebelliousness,shrewishness,andnaturalinferioritytomen.

Yetsomesocialandculturalconditionsservedtoempowerwomen.DuringtheElizabethanera(1558——1603)theculturewasdominatedbyapowerfulQueen,whoprovidedanimpressivefemaleexamplethoughsheleftscantculturalspaceforotherwomen.Elizabethanwomenwritersbegantoproduceoriginaltextsbutwereoccupiedchieflywithtranslation.Inthe17thcentury,however,variouscircumstancesenabledwomentowriteoriginaltextsinsomenumbers.Foronething,somecounterweighttopatriarchywasprovidedbyfemalecommunities—mothersanddaughters,extendedkinshipnetworks,closefemalefriends,theseparatecourtofQueenAnne(KingJames’consort)andheroftenop-positionalmasquesandpoliticalactivities.Foranother,mostofthesewomenhadareasonablygoodeducation(modernlanguages,history,literature,religion,music,occasionallyLatin)andsomeapparentlyfoundinromancesandhistoriesmoreexpansivetermsforimaginingwomen’slives.Also,representationofvigorousandrebelliousfemalecharactersinliteratureandespeciallyonthestagenodoubthelpedtoundermineanymonolithicsocialconstructofwomen’snatureandrole.

Mostimportant,perhaps,wastheradicalpotentialinherentintheProtestantinsistenceoneveryChristian’simmediaterelationshipwithGodandprimaryresponsibilitytofollowhisorherindividualconscience.ThereisplentyofsupportinStPaul’sepistlesandelsewhereintheBibleforpatriarchyandawife’ssubjectiontoherhusband,butsometexts(notablyGalatians3:28)inscribeaverydifferentpolitics,promotingwomen’sspiritualequality:“ThereisneitherJewnorGreek,thereisneitherbondnorfree,thereisneithermalenorfemale:foryearealloneinJesusChrist.”SuchtextsencouragedsomewomentoclaimthesupportofGodthesupremepatriarchagainstthevariousearthlypatriarchswhoclaimedtostandtowardtheminhisstead.

Thereisalsothegaporslippagebetweenideologyandcommonexperience.Englishwomenthroughoutthe17thcenturyexercisedagooddealofactualpower;asmanagersofestatesintheirhusbands’absencesatcourtoronmilitaryanddiplomaticmissions;asmembersofguilds;aswivesandmotherswhosometimesdominatedtheirmenbysheerforceofpersonalityoroutrightdefiance.TheirpowerreacheditsapexduringtheEnglishCivilWarandInterregnum(1640—60)astheexecutionoftheKingandtheattendantdisruptionofsocialhierarchiesledmanywomentoseizenewroles—aspreachers,asprophetesses,asdeputiesforexiledroyalisthusbands,aswritersofreligiousandpoliticaltracts.

1.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

2.WhatdidtheQueenElizabethdoforthewomeninculture?

3.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasareasontoenablewomentooriginaltexts?

4.Whatdidthereligiondoforthewomen?

5.Whatdoestheword“apex”meaninthelastparagraph?

問題1選項

A.Women’sPositioninthe17thCentury.

B.Women’sSubjectiontoPatriarchy.

C.SocialCircumstancesinthe17thCentury.

D.Women’sObjectioninthe17thCentury.

問題2選項

A.Shesetanimpressivefemaleexampletofollow.

B.Shedominatedtheculture.

C.Shedidlittle.

D.Sheallowedwomentotranslatesomething.

問題3選項

A.Femalecommunitiesprovidedsomecounterweighttopatriarchy.

B.QueenAnne’spoliticalactivities.

C.Mostwomenhadagoodeducation.

D.QueenElizabeth’spoliticalactivities.

問題4選項

A.Itdidnothing.

B.Ittooaskedwomentobeobedientexceptsometexts.

C.Itsupportedwomen.

D.ItappealedtotheGod.

問題5選項

A.thelowestpoint

B.theend

C.ultimate

D.summit

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.文章第一段主要是講17世紀初，英國的社會環(huán)境主要是壓制婦女的聲音；第二段主要講述17世紀，一些社會和文化條件賦予婦女權力；第三段講述整個17世紀，英國女性行使了大量實際權力，并在中期達到頂峰。所以本文主要是論述17世紀英國婦女的地位。選項A正確。

2.根據第二段的第二句“DuringtheElizabethaneratheculturewasdominatedbyapowerfulQueen,whoprovidedanimpressivefemaleexamplethoughsheleftscantculturalspaceforotherwomen.”伊麗莎白時代的文化由一個強大的女王統治，盡管她為其他女性沒有留下多少文化空間，但她本人卻樹立了一個令人印象深刻的女性榜樣。由此推斷，選項C符合原文。。

3.根據第二段后半部分的內容“Foronething,somecounterweighttopatriarchywasprovidedbyfemalecommunities...,theseparatecourtofQueenAnneandheroftenop-positionalmasquesandpoliticalactivities.Foranother,mostofthesewomenhadareasonablygoodeducation”只有選項D沒有提及。

4.根據第三段的第二句“Thereisplentyofsupport...,promotingwomen’sspiritualequality...”，在《圣保羅書信集》和《圣經》的其他地方都有很多支持父權制，認為妻子應該對丈夫的服從，但是一些文本(尤其是迦3:28章節(jié))卻記錄了一種完全不同的政治，提倡婦女的精神平等。所以選項B符合原文。

5.根據下文“TheirpowerreacheditsapexduringtheEnglishCivilWarandInterregnumastheexecutionoftheKingandtheattendantdisruptionofsocialhierarchiesledmanywomentoseizenewroles”當時國王被處決，隨之而來的社會等級制度被打破，導致許多女性獲得了新的角色。由此推斷，女性權力在英國內戰(zhàn)和過渡期達到了頂峰，選項D正確。thelowestpoint指最低點；theend指終點；ultimate指終極的。

7.單選題

The（

）ofthelakeiscoveredwithreedsandrushes.

問題1選項

A.beach

B.shore

C.coast

D.bank

【答案】B

【解析】句意:湖岸上覆蓋著蘆葦與雜草。

考查近義詞辨析。Beach海岸(主要指接近海水較為平坦的地方，其上往往覆蓋有沙子或碎石);shore水與陸地交界的“岸”（如：海岸、湖岸、河岸等）;coast海岸,海岸線（通常只能指“海岸”，不指湖岸或河岸）;bank大多指江河之岸,特別是高處水平以上的岸或堤岸。根據題干中的reedsandrushes(蘆葦和雜草)可知B項正確。

8.單選題

She’salwaysbeenkindtome—Ican’tjustturn（

）onhernowthatsheneedsmyhelp.

問題1選項

A.myback

B.myhead

C.myeye

D.shoulder

【答案】A

【解析】固定搭配。turnmybackonsomeone意為對某人不理睬。

9.單選題

Tomdoesn’tthinkthatthe______situationhereisasgoodashishometown’s.

問題1選項

A.economics

B.economic

C.economy

D.economical

【答案】B

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。A選項economics“n.經濟學；國家的經濟狀況”；B選項economic“adj.經濟的，經濟上的；經濟學的”；C選項economy“n.經濟；節(jié)約；理財”；D選項economical“經濟的；節(jié)約的；合算的”。economic用以指與貿易、工業(yè)或財富等有關的“經濟上的”或“有關經濟學方面”的意義，一般用作定語；economical則指與“節(jié)約”同義的“經濟”，相當于notwasteful，既可指人也可指物，既可作表語也可作定語。句意：湯姆認為這里的經濟狀況不如家鄉(xiāng)。因此B選項正確。

10.單選題

A1994WorldBankreportconcludedthat_______girlsinschoolwasprobablythesinglemosteffectiveanti-povertypolicyinthedevelopingworldtoday.

問題1選項

A.enrolling

B.assigning

C.involving

D.consenting

【答案】A

【解析】enrolling招收,參加;assigning指派,分配;involving牽涉,使參與;consenting允許,贊成。句意：世界銀行1994年的一份報告得出結論：招收女童入學可能是當今發(fā)展中世界最有效的反貧困政策。選項A符合句意。

11.單選題

Manythingsmakepeoplethinkartistsareweird.Buttheweirdestmaybethis:artists’onlyjobistoexploreemotions,andyettheychoosetofocusontheonesthatfeelbad.

Thiswasn’talwaysso.Theearliestformsofart,likepaintingandmusic,arethosebestsuitedforexpressingjoy.Butsomewherefromthe19thcenturyonward:moreartistsbeganseeinghappinessasmeaningless,phonyor,worstofall,boring,aswe-wentfromWordsworth’sDaffodilstoBaudelaire’sFlowersofEvil.

Youcouldarguethatartbecamemoreskepticalofhappinessbecausemoderntimeshaveseensomuchmisery.Butit’snotasifearliertimesdidn’tknowperpetualwar,disasterandthemassacreofinnocents.Thereason,infact,maybejusttheopposite:thereistoomuchdamnhappinessintheworldtoday.

Afterall,whatistheonemodernformofexpressionalmostcompletelydedicatedtodepictinghappiness?Advertising,theriseofanti-happyartalmostexactlytrackstheemergenceofmassmedia,andwithit,acommercialcultureinwhichhappinessisnotjustanidealbutanideology.

Peopleinearliererasweresurroundedbyremindersofmisery:Theyworkeduntilexhausted,livedwithfewprotectionsanddiedyoung.IntheWest,beforemasscommunicationandliteracy,themostpowerfulmassmediumwasthechurch,whichremindedworshipersthattheirsoulswereindangerandthattheywouldsomedaybemeatforworms.Givenallthis,theydidnotexactlyneedtheirarttobeabummertoo.

TodaythemessagestheaverageWesternerissurroundedwitharenotreligiousbutcommercial,andforeverhappy.Fast-foodeaters,newsanchors,textmessengers,allsmiling,smiling,smiling.Ourmagazinesfeaturebeamingcelebritiesandhappyfamiliesinperfecthomes.Andsincethesemessageshaveanagenda—tolureustoopenourwallets—theymaketheveryideaofhappinessseemunreliable,“Celebrate!”commandedtheadsforthearthritisdrugCelebrex,beforewefoundoutitcouldincreasetheriskofheartattacks.

Butwhatweforget—whatoureconomydependsonusforgetting—isthathappinessismorethanpleasurewithoutpain.Thethingsthatbringthegreatestjoycarrythegreatestpotentialforlossanddisappointment.Today,surroundedbypromisesofeasyhappiness,weneedarttotellus,asreligiononcedid,Mementomori:rememberthatyouwilldie,thateverythingends;andthathappinesscomesnotindenyingthisbutinlivingwithit.It’samessageevenmorebitterthanaclovecigarette,yet,somehow,abreathoffreshair.

51.BycitingtheexamplesofpoetsWordsworthandBaudelaire,theauthorintendstoshowthat______.

52.Theword“bummer”(Line5,paragraph5)mostprobablymeanssomething______.

53.Intheauthor’sopinion,advertising______.

54.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthattheauthorbelieves______.

55.Whichofthefollowingistrueofthetext?

問題1選項

A.poetrynotasexpressiveofjoyaspaintingormusic

B.artgrowsoutofbothpositiveandnegativefeelings

C.poetstodayarelessskepticalofhappiness

D.artistshavechangedtheirfocusofinterest

問題2選項

A.religious

B.unpleasant

C.entertaining

D.commercial

問題3選項

A.emergesinthewakeoftheanti-happyart

B.isacauseofdisappointmentforthegeneralpublic

C.replacesthechurchasamajorsourceofinformation

D.createsanillusionofhappinessratherthanhappinessitself

問題4選項

A.happinessmoreoftenthannotendsinsadness

B.theanti-happyartisdistastefulbutrefreshing

C.miseryshouldbeenjoyedratherthandenied

D.theanti-happyartflourisheswheneconomybooms

問題5選項

A.Religiononcefunctionedasareminderofmisery.

B.Artprovidesabalancebetweenexpectationandreality.

C.Peoplefeeldisappointedattherealitiesofmodernsociety.

D.Massmediaareinclinedtocoverdisastersanddeaths.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】51.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干的意思是“通過引用詩人華茲華斯和波德萊爾的例子，作者想表明……”。根據第一段andyettheychoosetofocusontheonesthatfeelbad（但他們卻選擇關注那些感覺糟糕的情感）和第二段Theearliestformsofart,likepaintingandmusic,arethosebestsuitedforexpressingjoy.Butsomewherefromthe19thcenturyonward:moreartistsbeganseeinghappinessasmeaningless,phonyor,worstofall,boring,aswe-wentfromWordsworth’sDaffodilstoBaudelaire’sFlowersofEvil.（最早的藝術形式，如繪畫和音樂，是最適合表達快樂的。但從19世紀開始，越來越多的藝術家開始認為快樂是無意義的、虛假的，或者是最糟糕的，無聊的，就像我們從華茲華斯的水仙花到波德萊爾的惡之花。）可知，藝術家開始關注那些令人不快的情感，但最早的藝術形式都適合表達快樂，只是19世紀的某個時候，當我們從華茲華斯的水仙花轉向波德萊爾的惡之花時，越來越多的藝術家開始把快樂看成是乏味的，虛假的，甚至是令人厭倦的；因此，可推斷出“藝術家已經改變了興趣的焦點”。故D項“藝術家們已經改變了他們的興趣焦點”符合題意。A項“詩歌不像繪畫或音樂那樣能表達快樂”，文中沒有將詩歌、繪畫和音樂對于快樂的表現力進行比較，因此不選；B項“藝術產生于積極和消極的情感”，這個選項沒有錯誤，但不是文章引用詩人Wordsworth和Baudelaire的例子所要表達的內容，所以不選；C項“今天的詩人較少懷疑幸?！?，文中沒有提到詩人，該項錯誤；故該題選D。

52.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】語義猜測題。題干的意思是“第五段第五行的‘bummer’是指某件事情……”。根據題干定位到第五段Peopleinearliererasweresurroundedbyremindersofmisery:Theyworkeduntilexhausted,livedwithfewprotectionsanddiedyoung.IntheWest,beforemasscommunicationandliteracy,themostpowerfulmassmediumwasthechurch,whichremindedworshipersthattheirsoulswereindangerandthattheywouldsomedaybemeatforworms.Givenallthis,theydidnotexactlyneedtheirarttobeabummertoo.（早期時候的人，生活被苦難包圍著。他們工作到筋疲力盡，生活幾乎沒有保障，壽命很短。在西方，在大眾傳媒和識字之前，最強大的大眾媒體是教堂時刻提醒信徒，他們的靈魂處于危險之中，他們總有一天會成為蟲子的食物。考慮到這一切，他們并不需要他們那些藝術也能令人掃興。），前面提到了早期人們生活的苦難，從最后too這個詞語可知他們不再需要增加一個令他們不快樂的事物；因此這里的“bummer”是表示不快樂的事情，即somethingunpleasant。A項“宗教的”，文章提到教堂只是舉例說明早期人們生活的苦難；C項“令人愉快的”與文章不符；D項“商業(yè)的”這一段沒有提到；故該題選B項“不愉快的”正確。

53.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干的意思是“在作者的觀點中，廣告……”。第四段第二句提到Advertising,theriseofanti-happyartalmostexactlytrackstheemergenceofmassmedia,andwithit,acommercialcultureinwhichhappinessisnotjustanidealbutanideology.（廣告和反快樂藝術的興起幾乎完全跟隨著大眾媒體的出現，并伴隨著它的出現，在這種商業(yè)文化中，幸福不僅僅是一種理想，而是一種意識形態(tài)），由此可知，作者認為廣告并沒有創(chuàng)造幸福，而是創(chuàng)造了幸福的意識形態(tài)；因此D項“創(chuàng)造幸福的幻覺，而不是幸福本身”符合題意；A項“是在反快樂藝術之后出現的”，文章說到了Advertising,theriseofanti-happyartalmostexactlytrackstheemergenceofmassmedia（廣告和反快樂藝術的興起幾乎完全跟隨著大眾媒體的出現），所以它們是同時出現的，因此該項錯誤；B項“是導致公眾失望的原因”和C項“取代教會作為主要的信息來源”文中沒有提到；故該題選D。

54.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干的意思是“從文章最后一段我們可以知道作者相信……”。最后一段作者講述的是在今天這樣一個快樂唾手可得的年代，我們必須記住一點，那就是，只有在面臨巨大的失敗和失望的風險后取得的才是真正的快樂；而今天我們需要藝術告訴我們死亡的象征，就像宗教曾經告訴我們的那樣，那就是反快樂文化。作者在最后提到It’samessageevenmorebitterthanaclovecigarette,yet,somehow,abreathoffreshair.（這是一個比丁香香煙更苦澀的信息，但不知怎的，卻是一股新鮮空氣），由此可以推斷作者是想表達反快樂的藝術是令人不悅但卻令人耳目一新；故B項“反快樂的藝術是令人不快的，但令人耳目一新”為正確選項。A項“幸福往往以悲傷告終”故意混淆了作者引用宗教的意圖，作者只是說宗教提醒人們各種痛苦的存在，而不是說幸福都會以悲傷告終；C項“痛苦應該被享受，而不是被拒絕”，文章中作者只是說人們需要接受痛苦，而不是說享受痛苦；D項“當經濟繁榮時，反快樂的藝術繁榮起來”過度解讀，故該題選B。

55.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細節(jié)判斷題。題干的意思是“下列哪一項是正確的？”。根據文章第五段第二句IntheWest,beforemasscommunicationandliteracy,themostpowerfulmassmediumwasthechurch,whichremindedworshipersthattheirsoulswereindangerandthattheywouldsomedaybemeatforworms.（在西方，在大眾傳媒和識字之前，最強大的大眾媒體是教堂時刻提醒信徒，他們的靈魂處于危險之中，他們總有一天會成為蟲子的食物）可知A項“宗教曾經起到提醒痛苦的作用”正確；B項“藝術提供了期望和現實之間的平衡”，文章提到藝術表達的往往是糟糕的情感或者反快樂，作者表達人們正是需要這種反快樂去時刻提醒自己真正的快樂是什么，并沒有提到藝術能夠提供現實和期望的平衡，有點過度曲解；C項“人們對現代社會的現實感到失望”沒有提到，所以不選；D項“大眾媒體傾向于報道災難和死亡”，文章倒數第二段第一句提到TodaythemessagestheaverageWesternerissurroundedwitharenotreligiousbutcommercial,andforeverhappy.（今天，普通西方人周圍的信息不是宗教的，而是商業(yè)的，永遠快樂），所以大眾媒體傳達的是一種幸福的思想，因此該項錯誤。故該題選A。

12.單選題

Themedicine（

）hispainbutdidnotcurehisillness.

問題1選項

A.activated

B.alleviated

C.mediated

D.deteriorated

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。activate“刺激，激活”；mediate“調?！保籨eteriorate“惡化”，alleviate“減輕”。句意：這種藥物減輕了他的痛苦，但是沒有治愈他。選項B符合題意。

13.單選題

Thelion'sferociousbehaviorwasattributedtoitslackofedibleflesh.

問題1選項

A.tame

B.relaxed

C.savage

D.fable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。題目中ferocious表示“殘忍的；驚人的；兇殘的”；A選項為“馴服的；順從的；平淡的”；B選項為“放松的，寬松的”；C選項為“野蠻的；荒涼的；兇猛的”；D選項為“寓言，童話”，不是形容詞。根據句意可知，獅子的殘暴行為源于缺少食用肉。因此，正確答案是C項。

14.單選題

Thegangster（）athishelplessvictimandputacigarettejustoutofreach.

問題1選項

A.sneered

B.scorned

C.grinned

D.glared

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項sneered“嘲笑，冷笑”；B選項scorned“輕蔑”；C選項grinned“露齒而笑，咧著嘴笑”；D選項glared“怒目而視，瞪眼看”。句意：歹徒對他那無助的受害者（），并把一支煙放在剛好夠不到的地方。根據歹徒后面的行為可以看出，歹徒對這個受害者發(fā)出冷笑，因此A選項符合題意。

15.單選題

People'stastesinrecreationdifferwidely.Atarecentfestivalofpop-musicintheIsleofWight,crowdsofteenagersflockedtolistentotheirfavoritesingersandmusicians.Theywentwithsinglerailwayticketsandsleptintheopen,averyriskythingtodointheclimateofBritain,eveninAugust.Theywerepackedtogetherlikesardinesforfourdays.Therewereinnumerablethieves,agangofroughstriedseveraltimestobreakthingsupandpolicewereeverywhere.Attheendofthefestivalmanyyoungfansfoundthemselvesbroke,withnomoneyleft,andtheyhaddifficultyingettingbackhome.Mostpeoplewouldconsidertheseconditionsanightmareofdiscomfort,thefansappearedtoenjoyitallenormously.

EvenintheovercrowdedUnitedKingdomtherearelargetractsofopenun-spoiltcountry,wherepeoplewithmoretraditionaltastescangoforquiet,andforthesenseoffreedomtheyderivefromcontactwithnature.Inthenationalparksespecially,moderndevelopmentofhousingandindustryisstrictlycontrolled.Visitorsmaywalkformilesthroughlandscapeofthegreatestbeautyandwildness,andoftenofconsiderablehistoricorscientificinterest.Alongthecoastsofsomeofthemaritimecounties,publicpathwayshavebeencreated,thesepathsstretchformanymilesalongcliffsthatlookoutontheAtlanticOceanortheEnglishChannel.Anotherpath,lyinginland,goesalongtherangeofmountainsinthenorthofEngland.ItiscalledthePennineWay.Here,thelong-distancewalkerandthenature-lovercanfindmuchtoenjoy,withoutfeelingdisturbedbylargenumbersoftheirfellows.

Yetfewpeoplemakefulluseofthenationalparksestablishedforeveryone'sbenefit.Thecommonestthingnowadaysisforfamilygroupstomotorouttoabeautifulspotandparktheircarsinalay-by（路旁停車處）.Apicnicbasketisproduced,alongwithafoldingtableandchairs,akettleandaportablestove.Theythensettledowntoapicnicinthelay-bybesidethecar.Apparentlytheirideaofenjoymentistogetintothefreshairandamongstthecountrysightsandsoundswithouthavingtowalkayard.Theyseemalmosttoliketohearandtosmellthetraffic.

1.InBritain,accordingtothepassage,itisveryriskyto（

）.

2.Attheendofthefestival,manyyoungfans

（

）.

3.EvenintheovercrowdedUnitedKingdomtherearelarge

（

）.

4.Publicpathwaysarecreatedforpeopleto

（

）.

5.Familygroupsnowadaysliketo（

）.

問題1選項

A.gowithasinglerailwayticket

B.listentopop-musicatthefestival

C.sleepintheopen

D.packtogetherincrowds

問題2選項

A.werearrestedbythepolice

B.hadspentmostoftheirmoney

C.weresleepingout

D.becamequitepenniless

問題3選項

A.tracksthroughtheopencountry

B.areasofcountrywithoutsoil

C.areasofcountrysidenotdeveloped

D.expansesoflandwherenobodyworks

問題4選項

A.commutetowork

B.enjoylong-distancewalking

C.walktomaritimecounties

D.visitthehistoricorscenicsites

問題5選項

A.havemealsoutofdoorsbytheroad-side

B.goforawalkawayfromhome

C.driveoutpastthebeautifulplaces

D.hearandsmelltheanimals

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:細節(jié)事實題。由文章第一段中Theywentwithsinglerailwayticketsandsleptintheopen,averyriskythingtodointheclimateofBritain,eveninAugust.（他們帶著單程火車票，睡在露天，這在英國的氣候下是非常危險的事情，即使在八月也是如此）可知選C。

第2題:細節(jié)事實題。由文章第一段中Attheendofthefestivalmanyyoungfansfoundthemselvesbroke,withnomoneyleft,andtheyhaddifficultyingettingbackhome.（在節(jié)日結束時，許多年輕的粉絲發(fā)現自己破產了，沒有錢，他們很難回家）可知D選項“變得身無分文”符合題意。

第3題:細節(jié)事實題。由文章第二段中EvenintheovercrowdedUnitedKingdomtherearelargetractsofopenun-spoiltcountry（即使在過于擁擠的英國，也有大片未被破壞的鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)）可知C選項“未開發(fā)的農村地區(qū)”符合題意。

第4題:細節(jié)事實題。由文章第二段中Here,thelong-distancewalkerandthenature-lovercanfindmuchtoenjoy,withoutfeelingdisturbedbylargenumbersoftheirfellows.（在這里，長距離步行者和大自然愛好者可以找到更多的樂趣，而不會受到大量同伴的打擾）可知B選項“享受長途步行”符合題意。

第5題:細節(jié)事實題。由文章最后一段中Thecommonestthingnowadaysisforfamilygroupstomotorouttoabeautifulspotandparktheircarsinalay-by.（現在最常見的事情是，全家人一起開車去一個美麗的景點，把汽車停在路邊的停車帶）可知C選項“開車經過美麗的地方”符合題意。

16.單選題

Theriverwas（）withindustrialwastefromthenearbyfactory.

問題1選項

A.Irradiated

B.contaminated

C.corrupted

D.fragmented

【答案】B

【解析】動詞辨析。句意:這條河被來自附近的工業(yè)廢料（）。

irradiate輻射；contaminate污染；corrupt使腐敗，使墮落；fragment分裂，使成碎片。由題意可知這條河被工業(yè)廢料污染了，B選項“污染”符合句意。

17.單選題

Intime，thewomanwaspersuadedtotrythisnewformofdisciplineandto（）afailuretogototimeoutbythewithdrawalofsomeprivilege.

問題1選項

A.backoff

B.backup

C.backdown

D.backwith

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。backoff“后腿；卸下”；backup“支持；承認；證實”；backdown“放棄，讓步”；backwith，無此短語用法。句意：后來,這個女的被說服去試著接受這項新處罰，……自己的過錯,并被撤銷了一些特權暫停了工作。因此B選項符合題意。

18.單選題

Inthefinalanalysis,itisour______ofdeathwhichdecidesouranswerstoallthequestionsthatlifeputstous.

問題1選項

A.conception

B.deception

C.reception

D.presentation

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項conception“理解；懷孕”；B選項deception“欺騙”；C選項reception“接待”；D選項presentation“戰(zhàn)士”。句意：說到底，是我們對死亡的______決定了我們對生命所提出的所有問題的答案。根據語境，這里指如何看待死亡決定我們如何看待生命中的問題，所以conception“理解”符合題意。因此A選項正確。

19.單選題

Sharkshaveanundeservedreputationforbeingbloodthirstykillersthatroutinelymakesnacksoutoftourists.Althoughtheriskofgettingeatenbyasharkisextremelysmall,thesamecannotbesaidforunderwaterfiber-opticcablesthatcarrydataaroundtheworld.

Itseemssharkshaveamightycravingforthesevitalintercontinentalcommunicationlinks,whichhassetGoogleonamissiontoreinforceitstrans—PacificcablesbywrappingtheminaKevlar—likematerial.GoogleproductmanagerDanBelcherrevealedtheirshark-proofingeffortsatamarketingmeetinginBoston,NetworkWorldreports.

Butwhyaresharkszeroinginonourglobalcommunicationnetworks?SharkshaveanuncannyabilitytosenseelectromagneticfieldsinthewaterusingtinydetectorsintheirsnoutscalledampullaofLorenzini.Theorgans,whichlooklikefreckles,senseevenminutechangestoelectricalfieldsinthewater,helpingsharksfindprey,navigateorlocatefiber-opticcables.

“Nodoubttheelectromagneticfel