考研考博-英語-應天職業(yè)技術學院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-應天職業(yè)技術學院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Somewomen______agoodsalaryinajobinsteadofstayinghome,buttheydecidednottoworkforthesakeofthefamily.

問題1選項

A.mustmake

B.shouldhavemade

C.wouldmake

D.couldhavemade

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：有些婦女本可以在工作中獲得高薪而不是呆在家里，但她們?yōu)榱思彝ザ鴽Q定不工作。mustdo“必須做某事”；shouldhavedone“過去本應該做某事卻未做”；woulddo“過去將會做某事”；couldhavedone“過去本能夠做某事卻未做”。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是過去本可以工作卻沒有去工作，D選項couldhavemade符合題意。因此D選項正確。

2.單選題

Theshipwas（

）inastormoffJamaica.

問題1選項

A.drowned

B.immerged

C.wrecked

D.submitted

【答案】C

【解析】drown淹死，溺死；immerge浸入，浸沒；wreck失事；submit使服從。句意：這艘船在離開牙買加的時候，在暴風雨中失事了。選項C符合句意。

3.單選題

America’sCongresspassedahousingbillthatincludesmeasurestoshoreupFannieMaeandFreddieMac,twotroubledmortgagegiants.

問題1選項

A.censure

B.imprecate

C.upbraid

D.bolster

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項censure“嚴厲斥責，正式譴責”；B選項imprecate“詛咒；祈求”；C選項upbraid“責罵；訓斥”；D選項bolster“支持，支撐；給（座位）加軟墊；改善，鞏固；增強，激勵”。句意：美國國會通過了一項住房法案，其中包括支持房利美和房地美這兩個陷入困境的抵押貸款巨頭的措施。shoreup“支持，支撐；加固”。D選項與該詞意思最相近，因此D選項正確。

4.單選題

TheSupremeCourt’sdecisionsonphysician-assistedsuicidecarryimportantimplicationsforhowmedicineseekstorelievedyingpatientsofpainandsuffering.

Althoughitruledthatthereisnoconstitutionalrighttophysician-assistedsuicide,thecourtineffectsupportedthemedicalprincipleof“doubleeffect”，acenturies-oldmoralprincipleholdingthatanactionhavingtwoeffects—agoodonethatisintendedandaharmfulonethatisforeseen—ispermissibleiftheactorintendsonlythegoodeffect.

Doctorshaveusedthatprincipleinrecentyearstojustifyusinghighdosesofmorphinetocontrolterminallyillpatients’pain,eventhoughincreasingdosageswilleventuallykillthepatient.

NancyDubler,directorofMontefioreMedicalCenter,contendsthattheprinciplewillshielddoctorswho“untilnowhavevery,verystronglyinsistedthattheycouldnotgivepatientssufficientmedicationtocontroltheirpainifthatmighthastendeath”.

GeorgeAnnas,chairofthehealthlawdepartmentatBostonUniversity,maintainsthat,aslongasgooddoctorprescribesadrugforalegitimatemedicalpurpose,thedoctorhasdonenothingillegalevenifthepatientusesthedrugtohastendeath.“It’slikesurgery,hesays.“Wedon’tcallthosedeathshomicidesbecausethedoctorsdidn’tintendtokilltheirpatients,althoughtheyriskedtheirdeath.Ifyou’reaphysician,youcanriskyourpatient’ssuicideaslongasyoudon’tintendtheirsuicide.”

Onanotherlevel,manyinthemedicalcommunityacknowledgethattheassisted-suicidedebatehasbeenfueledinpartbythedespairofpatientsforwhommodemmedicinehasprolongedthephysicalagonyofdying.

JustthreeweeksbeforetheCourt’srulingonphysician-assistedsuicide,theNationalAcademyofScience(NAS)releasedatwo-volumereport,ApproachingDeath:ImprovingCareattheEndofLife.Itidentifiestheundertreatmentofpainandtheaggressiveuseof“ineffectualandforcedmedicalproceduresthatmayprolongandevendishonortheperiodofdying”asthetwinproblemsofend-of-lifecare.

Theprofessionistakingstepstorequireyoungdoctorstotraininhospitals,totestknowledgeofaggressivepainmanagementtherapies,todevelopaMedicarebillingcodeforhospital-basedcare,andtodevelopnewstandardsforassessingandtreatingpainattheendoflife.

Annassayslawyerscanplayakeyroleininsistingthatthesewell-meaningmedicalinitiativestranslateintobettercare.“Alargenumberofphysiciansseemunconcernedwiththepaintheirpatientsareneedlesslyandpredictablysuffering”，totheextentthatitconstitutes“systematicpatientabuse”.Hesaysmedicallicensingboards“mustmakeitclearthatpainfuldeathsarepresumptivelyonesthatareincompetentlymanagedandshouldresultinlicensesuspension”.

1.Welearnfromthepassagethat（

）

2.GeorgeAnnasmayagreethat（

）.

3.AccordingtotheNAS’sreport,oneoftheproblemsinend-of-lifecareis（

）.

4.What’sthepossiblemeaningof“aggressive”(Line3,Para.7)?

5.AccordingtoGeorgeAnnas，whichofthefollowingmedicalbehaviorsshouldbepunished?

問題1選項

A.doctorsneverincreasedrugdosagestocontroltheirpatients’pain

B.itisstillillegalfordoctorstohelpthedyingendtheirlives

C.theSupremeCourtstronglyopposesphysician-assistedsuicide

D.patientshavenoconstitutionalrighttocommitsuicide

問題2選項

A.adoctor’smedicationshouldn’tbejustifiedbyhisintentions

B.doctorscannotgivepatientslargedosagesofmedicationonanyaccount

C.high-dosagepain-relievingmedicationcanbeprescribed

D.doctorsshouldbeheldguiltyiftheyrisktheirpatients’death

問題3選項

A.prolongedmedicalprocedures

B.inadequatetreatmentofpain

C.systematicdrugabuse

D.insufficienthospitalcare

問題4選項

A.Bold.

B.Harmful.

C.Positive.

D.Energetic.

問題5選項

A.Treatingpatientimpatiently.

B.Givingpatientsmoremedicinethanneeded.

C.Reducingdrugdosagesforpatients.

D.Prolongingtheneedlesssufferingofthepatients.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.文章第一段和第二段的第一句話提到最高法院關于醫(yī)生協(xié)助自殺的裁決有重要的意義，最高法院支持流傳了幾個世紀的道德準則，這說明最高法院認為醫(yī)生沒有協(xié)助病人自殺的權利，所以選項B符合題意。

2.文章在第五段和最后一段提到了GeorgeAnnas。在第五段中，他認為只要醫(yī)生開藥是出于合理的醫(yī)療目的，即使這些藥會加速病人的死亡，醫(yī)生也沒有違法。最后一段最后一句他提出如果病人痛苦死去是醫(yī)生護理不好的表現(xiàn)，從兩段可以看出，他支持醫(yī)生大劑量用藥，所以選項C符合題意。

3.文章第七段第二句話提及臨終護理存在的問題，一個是theundertreatmentofpain(沒有對病人的疼痛采取有效的措施)，一個是ineffectualandforcedmedicalproceduresthatmayprolongandevendishonortheperiodofdying（強行使用無效的治療方法來延長病人的生命，使其失去最后的尊嚴）。選項B符合題意。

4.單詞出現(xiàn)的句子是：Itidentifiestheundertreatmentofpainandtheaggressiveuseof“ineffectualandforcedmedicalproceduresthatmayprolongandevendishonortheperiodofdying”asthetwinproblemsofend-of-lifecare.句意：對病人疼痛處理不力和_____無效的治療方法來延長病人的生命，使其失去最后的尊嚴。由這句話中的ineffectual，forced,dishonor這些詞推出這樣的治療是沒有效果的，是不積極的。選項A符合題意。harmful與use搭配不符合語意。

5.文章最后一段GeorgeAnnas否定了大量醫(yī)生無視病人的痛苦，用藥延長病人痛苦這些做法。選項D符合題意。

5.單選題

Theprimeminister’sproposalfornewtaxescreatedsucha(an)（

）thathisgovernmentfell.

問題1選項

A.sensation

B.upheaval

C.withdrawal

D.outbreak

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項sensation“轟動”；B選項upheaval“動亂，劇變”；C選項withdrawal“撤退”；D選項outbreak“爆發(fā)”。

句意：首相的新稅提案造成了如此大的動蕩，以至于他的政府垮臺了。根據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容可知，選項B更符合語境。

6.單選題

Althoughmany（modifications）havebeenmadeinit,thegameknownintheUnitedStatesasfootballcanbetraceddirectlytotheEnglishgameofrugby.

問題1選項

A.rules

B.changes

C.demands

D.leagues

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。modification表示“修改，修正”；A項rule“規(guī)則，建議，統(tǒng)治”，B項change“變化，改變，替代物”，C項demand“（堅決的或困難的）要求，（顧客的）需求”，D項league“聯(lián)盟，社團，范疇”。句意：盡管對其進行了許多修改，但在美國被稱為足球的比賽可以直接追溯到英國的橄欖球比賽。根據(jù)句意可知，B項符合語境。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

7.單選題

Thenumberofpeoplebuyingprivateautosisstillrisingrapidly,thereforetheeffectofthegovernment'songoingeffortstocutairpollutionremainsopentoquestion.

問題1選項

A.rapidly,therefore

B.ongoingeffortstocut

C.remainsopen

D.toquestion.

E.沒有問題

【答案】E

8.單選題

Thereissupposedtobeasafety（）whichmakesitimpossiblefortrainstocollide.

問題1選項

A.appliance

B.accessory

C.machine

D.mechanism

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項appliance“器具，器械”；B選項accessory“配件，附件”；C選項machine“機器”；D選項mechanism“機制，原理，途徑”。句意：應該有一種安全_____使火車不可能相撞。這里考查固定搭配safetymechanism“安全機制”，因此D選項符合題意。

9.單選題

Itissometimesdifficultto（）ahappymediuminlife.

問題1選項

A.adopt

B.make

C.reach

D.strike

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定短語搭配。A選項adopt“采取；接受；收養(yǎng)；正式通過”；B選項make“使得；進行；布置，準備，整理；制造；認為；獲得；形成”；C選項reach“達到；延伸；伸出手；傳開；范圍；延伸；河段；橫風行駛”；D選項strike“撞擊；打；踢（球等）；突擊；罷工；使打動；侵襲；罷工；抗拒；襲擊；毆打”。根據(jù)固定搭配strikeahappymedium“采取折中的辦法；采取中庸之道”可知該題選strike。句意：生活中有時很難找到折中的辦法。因此D選項正確。

10.單選題

13.

問題1選項

A.Themanisaliar.

B.ThemanisjealousofLisa.

C.Shedoesnotagreewiththemanonthat.

D.ShewillsurelydothesameasLisadoes.

【答案】C

【解析】M:Lisasaysthatthejobtakesthebackseattothefamilyaftersheismarried.Shemustbeagoodwife.

W:Thisisonlywhatshesaysnotwhatshedoes.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

【解析】女士說：Thisisonlywhatshesaysnotwhatshedoes，因此表明女士不同意男士的說法。

11.單選題

GreatBritainandFrancewillholda（）regardingsomeEuropeaneconomicproblems.

問題1選項

A.conference

B.reference

C.conversion

D.cooperation

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項conference“會議，討論，協(xié)商”；B選項reference“參考，涉及”；C選項conversion“轉(zhuǎn)換”；D選項cooperation“合作”。句意：英國和法國將就一些歐洲經(jīng)濟問題舉行會議。選項A符合語境。

12.寫作題

Directions:Presentyourperspectiveontheissuebelow,usingrelevantreasonsand/orexamplestosupportyourviews.

Writeacompositionofabout350wordsentitledAnOccupationthatCanBringMyCreativeDrivesandTechnicalKnowledgeintoFullPlay.

【答案】【略】

13.單選題

The________thatshesuggestedfordiscussionwerebasedonthemostrecentmedicalresearch.

問題1選項

A.contributions

B.occupations

C.expostulations

D.amendments

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項“contribution”，意為“貢獻，捐款”；B選項“occupation”,意為“占有權，職業(yè)”；C選項“expostulation”意為“勸導，忠告”；D選項“amendment”，意為“改善，修正建議”。句意：她建議討論的修正案是基于最新的醫(yī)學研究。因此，D選項符合題意。

14.單選題

Opinionpollsurveysshowthatthepublicseescientistsinaratherunflatteringlight.

Commonlythescientistisalsoseenasbeingmale.Itistruethatmostscientistsaremale,butthepictureofscienceasamaleactivitymaybeamajorreasonwhyfewergirlsthanboysoptforscience,exceptwhenitcomestobiology,whichisseenas"female".

Theimagemostpeoplehaveofscienceandscientistscomesfromtheirownexperienceofschoolscience,andfromthemassmedia_ScienceteachersthemselvesSeeitasaproblemthatsomanyschoolpupilsfindschoolscienceanunsatisfyingexperience,thoughoverthelastfewyearsmoreandmorepupils,includinggirls,haveoptedforsciencesubjects.

Inspiteofexcellentdocumentaries,andsomegoodpopularsciencemagazines,scientificmodesinthemediastillusuallyalternatebetweenmiracleandscientificthreat.Thepopularstereotypeofscienceislikethemagicoffairytales:ithaspotentialforenormousgoodorawfulharm.Popularfictionisfullof“good”scientistssavingtheworld,and"mad"scientiststryingtodestroyit.

Fromallthemanyscientificstorieswhichmightbegivenmediatreatment,thosewhicharechosenareusuallythosewhichcanbeframedintermsoftheusualnewsangles:novelty,threat,conflictorthebizarre.Theroutineandoftentediousworkofthescientistslipsfromview,tobereplaced:withapictureofscientistsforeveroffendingpublicmoralsensibilities(asinembryoresearch),threateningpublichealth(asinweaponsresearch),orfightingitoutwitheachother(ingivingevidenceatpublicenquiriessuchasthoseheldontheissuesconnectedwithnuclearpower).

Themassmediaalsolendstoover-personalizescientificwork,depictingitastheproduct

ofindividualgenius,whileneglectingthesocialorganizationwhichmakesscientificworkpossible.Afurthereffectofthisisthatsciencecomestobeseenasathinginitself:akindofunpredictableforceatideofscientificprogress.

Itisnosuchthing,ofcourse.Scienceiswhatscientistsdo;whattheydoiswhataparticularkindofsocietyfacilitates,andwhatisclonewiththeirworkdependsverymuchonwhohasthepowertochangetheirdiscoveriesintotechnology,andwhattheirinterestsare.

1.Accordingtothepassage,ordinary-peoplehaveapooropinionofscienceandscientistspartlybecause（

）.

2.Fewergirlsthanboysstudysciencebecause

（

）.

3.Mediatreatmentofsciencetendstoconcentrateon

（

）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor,over-personalizationofscientificworkwillleadscience

（

）.

5.Accordingtotheauthor,whatascientistdoes（

）.

問題1選項

A.ofthemisleadingofthemedia

B.opinionpollsareunflattering.

C.scientistsareshownnegativelyinthemedia

D.science,isconsideredtobedangerous

問題2選項

A.theythinkthatscienceistoodifficult

B.theyareoftenunsuccessfulinscienceatschool

C.scienceisseenasaman’sjob

D.scienceisconsideredtobetedious

問題3選項

A.theroutineeverydayworkofscientists

B.discoveriesthatthepublicwillunderstand

C.themoresensationalaspectsofscience

D.thesatisfactionsofscientificwork

問題4選項

A.isolationfromtherestoftheworld

B.improvementsonschoolsystem

C.associationwith"femaleness"

D.troubleharecruitingyoungtalent

問題5選項

A.shouldbeattributedtohisindividualgenius

B.dependsonthecoordinationofthesociety

C.showshisindependentpower

D.isunpredictable

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.文章第三段提到人們對于科學的認知大多來源于他們在學校關于最科學的學習以及大眾媒體。文章第五段和第六段講述了大眾媒體對科學工作的負面描述和夸大（Themassmediaalsolendstoover-personalizescientificwork），因而導致了人們對科學和科學家們有誤解，選項A符合題意。

2.文章第二段第二句Itistruethatmostscientistsaremale,butthepictureofscienceasamaleactivitymaybeamajorreasonwhyfewergirlsthanboysoptforscience,exceptwhenitcomestobiology,whichisseenas"female"提到看為什么大部分科學家是男性，女性很少的原因，因為她們認為科學就是男性的工作，因此選項C符合題意。

3.文章第五段Theroutineandoftentediousworkofthescientistslipsfromview,tobereplaced:withapictureofscientistsforeveroffendingpublicmoralsensibilities,threateningpublichealth,orfightingitoutwitheachother提到媒體關注的重點不再是科學實驗這些繁瑣的工作，而是將關注點放在科學家們沒有公共道德情感、危害公眾健康或者相互爭斗等等，選項C符合題意。

4.文章第六段第一句Themassmediaalsolendstoover-personalizescientificwork,depictingitastheproductofindividualgenius,whileneglectingthesocialorganizationwhichmakesscientificworkpossible提到大眾媒體將科學工作過分私人化。作者認為如果脫離了社會組織，科學工作將無法進行。選項A符合題意。

5.文章最后一段提到科學家們的工作是為了促進社會的進步whattheydoiswhataparticularkindofsocietyfacilitates，因此他們依靠的是整個社會的協(xié)作，選項B符合題意。

15.單選題

______isknowntoall,gasesexpandandcontractwiththeincreaseanddecreaseoftemperature.

問題1選項

A.Which

B.As

C.That

D.It

【答案】B

【解析】考查非限制性定語從句。句意：眾所周知，氣體隨著溫度的升高和降低而膨脹和收縮。C選項符合題意。B選項as關系代詞，引導非限制性定語從句，指代主句內(nèi)容；其引導從句比較靈活，可以放句首，也可以放句中或句末；asisknowntoall可以看作asweallknow的被動式。因此B選項正確。

16.單選題

Plasticbagsareusefulforholdingmanykindsoffood（）theircleanness,toughnessandlowcost.

問題1選項

A.byvirtueof

B.bymeansof

C.atsightof

D.bywayof

【答案】A

【解析】介詞詞義辨析。byvirtueof"由于,憑借";bymeansof"用,依靠";atsightof"一看見";bywayof"經(jīng)由,當作"。句意：塑料袋可用來裝各種食品,因為它清潔、耐用又價廉。選項A符合句意。

17.翻譯題

Beginninginchildhood,parentsencourageorlimitfutureromanticliaisonsbyelectingcertainneighborhoodsandschools.

【答案】從童年開始，父母就通過選擇特定的社區(qū)和學校來鼓勵或限制未來的戀愛關系。

18.填空題

Directions:Findoutoneerroroneachunderlinedpartofthepassage,andcorrectitinyourANSWERSHEET.

Therearecertainbasicrulesofphotographywhich,evenifyouareaveryinexperiencingphotographerwith(1)littlemoreknowledgethanhowtoloadyourcamera,willpreventyoutomakingtheclassicmistakesandgive(2)youquiteacceptableresults.

Beforeyousetoffonyourphotographicexpedition,andmakesureyourcameraisloadedandyouhaveaspare(3)reeloffilminyourpocket.Thereisnothingmoreinfuriatingthanrunningoutofafilmwhenareally(4)interestingsubjectpresentsitself.

Beforeyouactuallytakethepicture,checkthefocusandexposuresettingonyourcamera.Ablurredphotoisworsethannothingatallandifyouhaven’tgottheexposureright,yoursubjectwillneitherbeblackorhavevanished(5)intowhitehaze.Doremembertotakethelenscapoffbeforeyoushoot.Somanypeopleforget.

Whenyouactuallytakingyourphotograph,keep(6)thecameraabsolutelysteady.Tuckyourarmsintoyoursidestosteadyourhands.Don’tstickyour(7)elbowsout.Ifyouaretakingalongexposureandyouhaven’tgotatripod,wedgethebodyofthecameraagainstawall,apieceoffurniture,thebranchoftree,etc.(8)squeezetheshutterreleasegently;don’tpressithardbecausethatwilljerkthecameraandyouwillgetblurredresults.

Myfinalpieceofadviceappliedtoallphotographers.(9)Ifyouwanttotakeapictureofpeopleandyoucan’tdoitwithoutdisturbingthem,askingthemiftheymindfirst.(10)Lotsofpeopledon’tlikehavingtheirphotostakenforavarietyofreasons,religiousorotherwiseandyoucancauseagreatdealofhardfeelingwithoutmeaningto.

【答案】1.–ing一般用來修飾物，-ed一般用來修飾人，這里攝影師是人所以inexperience要用-ed形式。

2.固定搭配preventsbfromdoingsth，這里是固定搭配不能用介詞to代替。

3.冠詞誤用，句子前半句講到確保你的相機內(nèi)有膠卷，所以這里的備用膠卷應該是另一卷膠卷，所以冠詞a應該改為another。

4.將“afilm”改成“film”，a是泛指一卷膠卷，但是film是不可數(shù)名詞，所以不能用a修飾，描述數(shù)量應該用arollof。

5.固定搭配neither…nor“既不是……也不是”或者either…or“要么……要么”，這里根據(jù)上下文應該把neither改為either。

6.when引導的時間狀語中沒有謂語動詞，應該在taking前面加個be動詞are。

7.ourhands前后的物主代詞都是第二人稱，所以這里的第一人稱our應該改為第二人稱your。

8.該句中存在并列結(jié)構，前面兩個冠詞都是不定冠詞a，最后一個應該和前面保持一致用a（a是泛指文中第一次出現(xiàn)的詞，the是特指前文中出現(xiàn)過的事物，這里根據(jù)語法也應該把the改為a）。

9.全文都是用一般現(xiàn)在時，但是這里的謂語動詞卻用的是一般過去時，所以這里的applied應該改為applies。

10.If引導條件句，and后面也是由if引導的條件句，所以ask不能用非謂語形式否則會造成句子沒有主句，ask得用原形構成祈使語句。如果你想拍人并且不能在不打擾他的情況下做到的話，那么你得先去問問他是否介意。

19.寫作題

TherearemanyreasonsforapersonplanningtodoPhDresearch(forexample,newexperiences,careerpreparation,andincreasedknowledge).Whydoyouthinkpeopleshouldpursueadoctoraldegree?Writeanessayofnolessthan200wordsaboutyouropiniononthistopic.

【答案】WhydopeoplegoforaPh.D.?Thedisinterestedreasonmostoftengivenissatisfyingtheirthirstforknowledge.Ph.D.studentsarethosewithhighdegreeofinternalmotivationthatstemsfromtheirinborncuriosityandloveofintellectualpursuits.Theyexpectthatafterobtainingtheirdegreetheywillmetamorphoseintoscholars.Forthosethetemptationofresearchingnewandexcitingsubjectsisalsoirresistible,oratleastpreferabletoallotherchoices.

So,aPhDmeansthatyouhavealotofknowledgeandinformationaboutyourfield.Yourknowl-edgeisnotonlytheoretical,butalsoofpracticaluse,andyoucanshareitwithothersforproblem-solving.Youareanexpertandspecialistinyourareaofstudy,andyoureducatedopinionwillbehighlyvaluedamongfriends,colleaguesandeventhemedia.

WithaPhDdegree,youmayhavemorecareerchoices.Atthesametime,youcangainahighersalaryandpositionwithinthecompanycomparedtocandidateswhodonothavethesameeducationallevelasyou.Furthermore,yourexpertiseinthefieldalsogivesyoutheopportunitytoacquireteach-ingpositionsatacollegeoruniversity.

TherearealsootherreasonsforpursuingaPh.D.,whicharemorepragmatic.GoingthroughyearsofstudyforaPhDdegreealsomeansthatyouwillhavebuiltupareliableanddiversesetofprofessionalnetworks.Youwillhaveworkedwithrenownedexpertsandscholarsinthefieldandwillhavemadeimportantcontactsduringconferences,allofwhomcanserveasexcellentcareerreferencesforanyjobpositions.

Inthissense,thedoctoraldegreeisnotonlyapassporttoaworldofresearchandnewknowl-edge,butalsoavaluableassetthatincreasesone’schancesforobtaininghigherpaid,moresatisfyingjobs.Itisseenasaninvestmentinone’slifeforfuturesuccessfulcareer,acertificateprovingone’sspecialabilitiesthatgivesadvantagesoftheownerinthejobmarket.

WhateverreasonsapersonmayhavewhenplanningtodoPh.D.research,theultimategoalistoenjoyabetterlife.APhDprograminvolveshardwork,rigorouscriticalthinkingskillsandalotofin-vestedtime,moneyandresearch.However,youreceivemanybenefitsandrewardsforhavingadoc-toratedegree,whetheritisforpersonalsatisfaction,socialstatus,andemploymentorforthesakeofeducationandknowledgeitself.

20.單選題

Economicandfinancialglobalizationhaslentimportant（）toeconomicgrowthinrecentdecades,especiallyinemergingmarkets.

問題1選項

A.motive

B.impulse

C.impetus

D.promotion

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項motive“動機，原因，目的”，B選項impulse“沖動，心血來潮”，C選項impetus“動力，推動力，促進因素”，D選項promotion“提升，晉級”，句意:近幾十年來，經(jīng)濟和金融全球化為經(jīng)濟增長提供了重要的推動力，特別是在新興市場。因此，C選項符合句意。

21.單選題

ThenewtechnologicalrevolutioninAmericannewspapershasbroughtincreased（），awiderrangeofpublicationsandanexpansionofnewspaperjobs.

問題1選項

A.Circulation

B.reproduction

C.manipulation

D.penetration

【答案】A

【解析】句意：美國報紙的新技術革命帶來了（）、覆蓋面拓寬和新聞工作的增加。A選項circulation發(fā)行量；B選項reproduction復制；生殖；C選項manipulation操縱，控制；D選項penetration滲透，A符合句意。

22.單選題

Tosomepeople,thegreatestpleasureoflifeistospendtheirtimeathomewatchingTVand（）theirpets.

問題1選項

A.stroking

B.desiring

C.modeling

D.flattering

【答案】A

【解析】動詞辨析題。stroke"輕撫,撫摸";desire"希望,渴望";model"做模特;制作模型";flatter"奉承;諂媚"。句意：對某些人來說，生活中最大的樂趣是花時間在家里看電視和撫摸他們的寵物。選項A符合句意。

23.單選題

Sucheuphemismsmaybestylistically"permissible'"iftheyarekeptwithin.

問題1選項

A.boundaries

B.ranges

C.borders

D.limits

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項boundariesn.界限，分界線，邊界；B選項rangesn.里程，范圍；C選項bordersn.邊界，邊緣地區(qū)；D選項limitsn.范圍，限制，領土。句意：這樣的委婉用法在文體結(jié)構上是可以的，但前提是要在有限范圍內(nèi)使用。根據(jù)句意可知，D項符合題意。因此，D項是正確答案。

24.單選題

LastSundayshecametovisitusoutoftheblue.Theitalicizedphrasemeans（）.

問題1選項

A.unexpectedly

B.unhappily

C.untidily

D.unofficially

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項unexpectedly“出乎意料地；意外地”；B選項unhappily“不幸地；遺憾地”；C選項untidily“不整潔地；凌亂地”；D選項unofficially“非正式地；非公認地”。句意：上星期天她突然來看我們。這個斜體短語的意思是……。outoftheblue“突然地，意外地”，與A選項詞義相符。

25.單選題

Ifeltmyself（）andmyhandstrembledasIread:Wehaveyourson.Heissafesofar.Ifyouobeyordershewillbesoonbebackwithyou.

問題1選項

A.begrowingcold

B.growcold

C.havegrowncold

D.togrowcold

【答案】B

【解析】感官動詞如feel,see,watch,hear后面接動詞原形或動名詞,

首先排除選項A和D。根據(jù)句意：當我讀到:“你的兒子在我們手里,

他目前很安全,

只要你遵守約定,

他將很快回到你身邊”時,

我感到不寒而栗,

手也開始顫抖。這里用一般現(xiàn)在時即可,

選項B正確。

26.單選題

InWarTimes,manyweaknationswere（

）bythepowerfulones.

問題1選項

A.monopolized

B.absorbed

C.combined

D.engaged

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項monopolize“完全控制”；B選項absorb“吸收；吸引；掌握”；C選項combine“聯(lián)合，結(jié)合”；D選項engage“參與；吸引（興趣）”。填入過去分詞構成被動語態(tài)，由weaknations和thepowerfulones的關系可知monopolize“完全控制”的分詞monopolized符合題意，句意為：在戰(zhàn)爭時期，許多弱小的國家都被強大的國家控制。故答案選A。

27.不定項選擇題

Afinalistinayouthoratoricalcontest,Cecile’sspeechfocusesonahistoryofAmericansandtheworldturningtheirbacksoninjustice,losingsightof“ourhumanitarianobligation.”Theunconscionableactsofhistoryarerepeating,buttheworldis“bickeringovertheterminologythatisusedtodescribewhatDarfurisfacing,”shesaid,withaswingofherhipandanindignantglare.

HowcouldtheUnitedStatesthatbondedafterSept.11,2001,leavepeopleonrooftopssurroundedbyfloodwatersalmostfouryearslater,shequestioned.Itallcomesdownto“peopleneglectingpeople,”shesaidmatter-of-factly.

“EverybodyispartofGod’screation.Everybodydeserveshelp.Weallaregoingtoneediteventuallyinourlifetime,andforustoneglectanyonefromanywhereisjusthorrible,”Cecilesaid,shakingherhead.

EmonidrawsparallelsbetweentheHolocaustandcurrenteventsinAfricabycitingalackofguidance,understandingandcompassion.

“Howcanwesayhopeforthoseunseenwhenwedonothelpthemhavehopeorbelievethereishopebecausewecan’tseethem?”theGodwinMiddleSchoolstudentasked,nearlymakingthewallsshakewithheremphasisontheword“we”.

Theworldhasahistoryofgreatleaderswhobroughtinternationalwrongstolight,shesaid,jabbingherindexfingerintotheairinfrontofher.ThesituationinDarfurhasprimarilybeenignoredbecausetheworldlacksapowerfulleadertogetthatmessageout,shesaid,furiouslypacingtheclassroomfloor.

“Ithinkifpeoplelearnaboutitandtheyhearaboutit…iftheyunderstoodit,thenwecanmakeadifference,”Emonisaid,gettingtotheheartofherargument.

Allthreestudentsunderstanditcouldbetheirvoicethatmotivatesthemassestomorrow.Theirspeechescouldbringtheissuesintothelightastheyfollowthetraditionofgreatoratorsbeforethemonthedayhonoringoneofthegreatest.

Aftercareful,quietconsideration,SethsaidthecontestandcelebrationwouldhavemovedKing.

“Itisthelittlepeopletryingtomakeadifference,recitingspeechesandallofthis.Hecanfeelhappythathiswork,like,whatheleftbehind,isstillgoingonasifhewasheretoday,”hesaid.

“Andhowdidhestartit?Hestarteditthroughhisvoice,youknow.Throughjustspeakingupforwhatisright.Andnotbeingafraidofwhatpeoplethinkofyou,butknowingwhatisrightandsettingasideallotherthings,”anexcitedandboisterousCecilesaid.

53.Theword“boisterous”inthelastparagraphcanbesubstitutedby（）.

54.Inherspeech,Cecile,afinalistinayouthoratoricalcontestaccusesAmericaof（）.

55.Emoni,anothercontestant,comparedtheHolocausttocurrenteventsinAfricabynotciting（）.

56.Emonisaidtheworldlacks（）.

57.Emoni’smainpointsdidnotinclude（）.

58.Seth,anothercontestant,saidifDr.MartinLutherKing,Jr.werethere,hewould（）.

問題1選項

A.loud

B.quite

C.nice

D.noisy

問題2選項

A.fulfillinghumanitarianobligations

B.promotingjusticeworldwide

C.neglectingpeople

D.usingterminologytodescribewhatDarfurisfacing

問題3選項

A.lackoffood

B.lackofguidance

C.lackofunderstanding

D.lackofcompassion

問題4選項

A.apowerfulleadertocrushwrong

B.apowerfulleadertobringinternationalwrongtolight

C.someonewhounderstandstheproblem

D.someonewhocaresaboutinjustice

問題5選項

A.onlylisteningandlearning

B.hearingandlearning

C.understanding

D.makingadifference

問題6選項

A.beafraidofwhatpeoplewouldthink

B.notknowwhatisrightintoday’sworld

C.feelhappythathisworkwasstillgoingon

D.wantthestudenttostudyharder

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:C

【解析】53.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】詞義辨析題。根據(jù)題干，可以定位到文章最后一段最后一句anexcitedandboisterousCecilesaid（興奮而喧鬧的塞西爾說），文章開頭就提到了文章是辯論賽的決賽，那么辯論賽的現(xiàn)場應該是興奮而又喧鬧的，所以可推測boisterous指的應該是“喧鬧的”。D選項“嘈雜的；喧鬧的”，符合文章詞義，D選項正確。A選項“大聲的”，跟“喧鬧”有一定的區(qū)別，可排除。B選項“相當”，不符合文章內(nèi)容，可排除。C選項“精密的，美好的”，不符合文章內(nèi)容，可排除。因此D選項正確。

54.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。文章第一段theworldturningtheirbacksoninjustice,losingsightofourhumanitarianobligation.Theworldis“bickeringovertheterminologythatisusedtodescribewhatDarfurisfacing,”（全世界對不公正置之不理，忽視了我們的人道主義義務。世界正在為描述達爾富爾所面臨的問題的術語而爭吵）這是Cecile對整個世界的控訴，不是對美國的控訴。第二段的內(nèi)容才是對美國的控訴，即Itallcomesdowntopeopleneglectingpeople.（這一切都歸結(jié)于人們忽視他人），C選項“忽視人民”符合文章內(nèi)容，C選項正確。A選項“履行人道主義義務”，文章提到，忽視了我們的人道主義義務，A選項可排除。B選項“促進全球正義”，不符合文章內(nèi)容，可排除。D選項“用術語來描述達爾富爾所面臨的問題”，文章提到世界正在為描述達爾富爾所面臨的問題的術語而爭吵，并沒有用術語解決問題，D選項可排除。因此C選項正確。

55.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第四段EmonidrawsparallelsbetweentheHolocaustandcurrenteventsinAfricabycitingalackofguidance,understandingandcompassion.（Emoni以缺乏指導、理解和同情為例，將大屠殺和非洲的當前事件進行了對比），A選項“食物的缺乏”，沒有提及，可排除。B選項“缺乏指導”、C選項“缺乏理解”，D選項“缺乏同情心”，文章提到，Emoni以缺乏指導、理解和同情為例。可排除B、C、D選項。因此A選項正確。

56.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第六段第二句ThesituationinDarfurhasprimarilybeenignoredbecausetheworldlacksapowerfulleadertogetthatmessageout（達爾富爾的局勢基本上被忽視