考研考博-英語-四川輕化工大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川輕化工大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Thesenationalparksareveryimportantforpreservingmanyanimals,whowould（）runtheriskofbecomingextinct.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.instead

B.nevertheless

C.therefore

D.otherwise

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)instead“代替；反而；相反”；B選項(xiàng)nevertheless“然而，不過”；C選項(xiàng)therefore“因此；所以”；D選項(xiàng)otherwise“否則；另外”。句意：這些國家公園對保護(hù)許多動物非常重要，否則這些動物將面臨滅絕的危險。前后部分為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此D項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Opinionpollssuggestthattheapprovalrateofthepresidentisontheincrease.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.agreement

B.consensus

C.permission

D.support

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。approval表示“批準(zhǔn)，認(rèn)可”；A項(xiàng)agreement“協(xié)議，同意”，B項(xiàng)consensus“一致，合意”，C項(xiàng)permission“允許，許可”，D項(xiàng)support“支持”。句意：民意調(diào)查顯示，總統(tǒng)的支持率在上升。根據(jù)句意可知，approval在句子中表示“支持”，四個選項(xiàng)中只有D項(xiàng)符合。故該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Someoftheonlineservicesarefree,whileothers（

）acharge.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.carry

B.cashier

C.coincide

D.collect

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)carry“拿，運(yùn)送，攜帶”；B選項(xiàng)cashier“開除，解雇”；C選項(xiàng)coincide“同時發(fā)生，相符，一致”；D選項(xiàng)collect“收集，收藏，收取”。while表示對比關(guān)系，由Someoftheonlineservicesarefree（一些在線服務(wù)是免費(fèi)的）可知其它一些是收費(fèi)的，因此選D。句意：有些在線服務(wù)是免費(fèi)的，有些則收取費(fèi)用。

4.單選題

ThefirstnavigationallightsintheNewWorldwereprobablylanternshungatharborentrances.ThefirstlighthousewasputupbyMassachusettsBayColonyin1716onLittleBrewsterIslandattheentrancetoBostonHarbor.Paidforandmaintainedby“l(fā)ightdues”leviedonships,theoriginalbeaconwasblownupin1776.Bythentherewereonlyadozenorsotruelighthousesinthecolony.Littleoveracenturylater,therewere700lighthouses.

ThefirstlighterectedontheWestCoastinthe1850sfeaturedthesamebasicNewEnglanddesign:aCapeCoddwellingwiththetowerrisingfromthecenterorstandingcloseby.InNewEnglandandelsewhere,though,lighthousesreflectedavarietyofarchitecturalstyles.SincemoststationsintheNortheastwerebuiltonrockyeminences,enormoustowerswerenottherule.Someweremadeofstoneandbrick,othersofwoodormetal.Somestoodonpilingsorstilts;somewerefastenedtorockwithironrods.Farthersouth,fromMarylandthroughtheFloridaKeys,thecoastwaslowandsandy.Itwasoftennecessarytobuildtalltowersthere—massivestructureslikethemajesticCapeHatteras,NorthCarolina,lighthouse,whichwaslitin1870.At190feet,itisthetallestbricklighthouseinthecountry.

Notwithstandingdifferencesinappearanceandconstruction,mostAmericanlighthousessharedseveralfeatures:alight,livingquartersandsometimesabell(or,later;afoghorn).Theyalsohadsomethingelseincommon:akeeperand,usuallythekeeper’sfamily.Thekeeper’sessentialtaskwastrimmingthelanternwickinordertomaintainasteady,brightflame.Theearliestkeeperscamefromeverywalkoflife--theywereseamen,farmers,mechanics,roughmillhands—andappointmentswereoftenhandedoutbylocalcustomscommissionersaspoliticalplums.Aftertheadministrationoflighthouseswastakenoverin1852bytheUnitedStatesLighthouseBoard,anagencyoftheTreasuryDepartment,thekeepercorpsgraduallybecamehighlyprofessional.

1.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

2.WhydoestheauthormentiontheMassachusettsBayColony?

3.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatlighthousesintheNortheastdidnotneedhightowersbecause（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,wherecanthetallestbricklighthouseintheUnitedStatesbefound?

5.Inthesecondsentenceofparagraph3,whichofthefollowingdoestheword“They”referto?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheLighthouseonLittleBrewsterIsland

B.TheLifeofaLighthouseKeeper

C.EarlyLighthousesintheUnitedStates

D.TheModernProfessionofLighthouse-Keeping

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.ItwastheheadquartersoftheUnitedStatesLighthouseBoard.

B.Manyofthetallestlighthouseswerebuiltthere.

C.Thefirstlanternwicksweredevelopedthere.

D.ThefirstlighthouseinNorthAmericawasbuiltthere.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.shiptherehadhighmasts

B.coastalwatersweresafe

C.thecoastwasstraightandunobstructed

D.thelighthousewerebuiltonhighplaces

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.LittleBrewsterIsland

B.TheFloridaKeys

C.CapeHatteras

D.CapeCod

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Lighthouses

B.Differences

C.Quarters

D.Feature

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。題目問的是“以下哪個最適合做文章的標(biāo)題？”。文章主要介紹了新世界早期的燈塔建設(shè)、特點(diǎn)還有發(fā)展，所以選項(xiàng)C“美國早期的燈塔”符合題意。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“為什么作者要提到馬薩諸塞灣殖民地？”文章第一段提到“第一個燈塔是馬薩諸塞灣殖民地1716年在波士頓港灣的入口小布魯斯特島建造的”（ThefirstlighthousewasputupbyMassachusettsBayColonyin1716onLittleBrewsterIslandattheentrancetoBostonHarbor），由此可知，選項(xiàng)D“北美第一個燈塔是在那里建立的”符合題意。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“從文章中可知東北部的燈塔不需要高塔的原因是什么？”文章第二段提到“由于東北部的大多數(shù)燈塔都是修建在巖石高地上，所以那里一般沒有很大的高塔”（SincemoststationsintheNortheastwerebuiltonrockyeminences,enormoustowerswerenottherule），因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“根據(jù)文章可知美國最高的用磚頭修建的燈塔在哪里？”文章第二段提到“在那里需要修建高的燈塔，比如1870年修建的位于北卡羅萊納州哈特拉斯角處的宏偉燈塔那樣的大型建筑。高190英尺，是這個國家最高的用磚頭修建的燈塔”（Itwasoftennecessarytobuildtalltowersthere—massivestructureslikethemajesticCapeHatteras,NorthCarolina,lighthouse,whichwaslitin1870.At190feet,itisthetallestbricklighthouseinthecountry），因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

第5題:推理判斷題。題目問的是“第三段第二句話中的‘they’指什么？”文章第三段第一句話提到“盡管在外表和結(jié)構(gòu)上大部分美國燈塔有幾個共同特征：有燈、生活住所和一個鐘表（之后用的是喇叭）”（Notwithstandingdifferencesinappearanceandconstruction,mostAmericanlighthousessharedseveralfeatures:alight,livingquartersandsometimesabell(or,later;afoghorn)）；第三段第二句話提到“它們還有別的共同點(diǎn)”（theyalsohadsomethingelseincommon），從這里可知they指的是前面的lighthouse。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.單選題

Wewerefourscoresleftbehindwithfiveminutestogo,sothegamelookedcompletely（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.irresistible

B.irretrievable

C.irremissible

D.irreplaceable

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)句意‘比賽只剩下五分鐘了但我們落后四分，所以這場比賽看上去已完全無法挽救了?！芍?yàn)楸确謶沂猓赃@場比賽的勝利己經(jīng)無法改變了。A選項(xiàng)irresistible“不可抵抗的”;irretrievable“不能彌補(bǔ)的”；C選項(xiàng)irremissible“無法逃避的”；D選項(xiàng)irreplaceable“不可替代的”。B選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

TheGreyhound______outsideofNewYorkBusStationat6p.m.andstartedforWashingtonD.C.at6:20p.m.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pulledup

B.pulleddown

C.pulledout

D.pulledon

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)pulledup“停下來”；B選項(xiàng)pulleddown“推翻”；C選項(xiàng)pulledout“推翻”；D選項(xiàng)pulledon“穿”。句意：灰狗巴士下午6點(diǎn)在紐約公交車站外停下，6點(diǎn)20分開往華盛頓特區(qū)。本句表示巴士停車。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Wagesforworkerinthepublic（

）

oftheeconomydon’talwayskeepupwiththose

forworkerintheprivateone.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.branch

B.sector

C.portion

D.section

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。Branch“分支”；sector“部門”；portion“部分”；section“部門”。句意：公有制企業(yè)中的工人的工資并不是總能趕上私有制企業(yè)工人的工資。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

8.單選題

CharlesReznikoof(1894-1976)workedrelentlessly,neverleavingNewYorkbutforabriefstayinHollywood,ofallplaces.HewasadmiredbyPoundandKennethBurke,andoftenpublishedhisownworks;intheDepressionera,hemanagedatreadleprintingpressinhisbasement.Hewrotethreesortsofpoems:exceptionallyshortimagisticlyrics;longerpiecescraftedandcobbledfromothersources,oftenfromtheJudaictradition;andbook-lengthpoemswroughtfromthetestimonybothofHolocausttrialsandfromthecourtroomsoftum-of-the-centuryAmerica.Twoofthesefull-lengthvolumeswereindeedtitles“Testimony”,aswasanearlierprosework;itwasawordthatkepthimclosecompany.Whenaskedlateinlifetodefinehispoetry,itwasnotthewordhechose.

“Objectivist”,hewrote,naminghislongstandinggroup,andmimickingpoeticstylewithasingleprosesentence:“imagesclearbutthemeaningnotstatedbutsuggestedbytheobjectivedetailsandthemusicoftheverse;wordspithyandplain;withouttheartificeofregularmeters;themes,chieflyJewish,American,urban.”Ifthesentencesoundshard-won,thisisperhapsbecauseitwas.Fourdecadesearlier,hewroteinalettertofriends,“ThereisalearnedarticleaboutmyverseinPoetrythismonth,fromwhichIlearnthatIamanobjectivist.”ThelearnedfellowwasLouisZukofsky,brillianteminenceoftheobjectivists,“withwhomIdisagreeastobothformandcontentofverse,buttowhomIamobligedforplacingsomeofmythingshereandthere.”SoreadReznikoof’sconclusionin1931,withitsfillipofpoliteresentment.

Movementsandschoolsarearbitraryandimmaterialthingsbywhichpoetichistoryistold.ThismusthaverankledReznikoof,whospenthiswritinglifetracingthematerialandthenecessary.

BornachildofimmigrantsinBrooklynin1894,hewasinjournalismschoolat16,tookalawdegreeat21.Thoughhewaslittleinterestedinlegalpractice,theideaswouldbeneartheheartofhiswriting.Idealpoeticlanguage,hewrote,“isrestrictedalmosttothetestimonyofawitnessinacourtoflaw.”Ifthissuggestsacongenitaloptimismaboutthelaw,itmadeforastonishinglycare-filledpoetry.Reznikoofisunsurpassedinconveyingthesensethatworldisworthgettingright.Notthegloriousorthedamagedworld,buttheworldthatiseverythingthatisthecase.Reznikoof’sfaithinthefactsofthecasetakesonanintensitynolesssocialthanspiritual,nogreaterwhensurveyingtheOldTestamentthanNewYork.Thiscollectiongathersallhispoems(butforthosealreadybook-length)bythetechniqueofcompressingontosinglepagesasmanyasfiveorsixatatime.Thiscanlessentheforce;eachisasortofAmericanhaiku,thoughnomoreimpressionisticthanahand-operatedprintingpress.Onesuch,numbered69inthevolume“JerusalemtheGolden”runsinitslength:“Amongtheheapsofbrickandplasterliesagirder,stillitselfamongtherubbish.”ThisexemplarycoupletissometimestakentorepresentReznikoof’spoetryitself,immutableandcertainamidthetransitory.

1.Bysaying“itwasawordthatkepthimclosecompany”(Line8,Paragraph1)theauthorimplies（

）.

2.Reznikoff'sattitudetothefactthathewasgroupedasobjectivistis（

）.

3.Theword“rankled”(Line2,Paragraph3)probablymeans（

）.

4.Wecanlearnfromthe4thparagraphthat（

）.

5.Bycitingthepoeminthelastparagraph,theauthorintendsto（b）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.CharlesReznikoffalwayswroteworksabouttestimony

B.CharlesReznikoofwasalwaysinvolvedinthetestimonyaffairs

C.CharlesReznikooflikedtowritetestimony

D.CharlesReznikoofisbusylawyer

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.approval

B.indifference

C.opposition

D.suspicionNormal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.interested

B.angered

C.pleased

D.consoled

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Reznuikofflikedtolearnlaw

B.Reznikoffwasmoreinterestedinspiritualworldthaninsocialworld

C.itisastonishingthatReznikoffwrotecare-filledpoetry

D.Reznikoffwasgreatlyinfluencedbyhislegalexperienceinhispoetrywriting

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.showthattheforceislessenedinthisway

B.showthatthepoemisnotimpressionistic

C.showthatthepoemisimmutable

D.showthatthepoemiscompressed

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由第一段“Twoofthesefull-lengthvolumeswereindeedtitles‘Testimony’,aswasanearlierprosework;itwasawordthatkepthimclosecompany.其中兩卷書的標(biāo)題是證詞，就像早期的散文作品一樣；這是一個和他形影不離的詞?！笨芍闋査瓜矚g寫一些和證詞相關(guān)的作品。故A項(xiàng)正確。

2.推理判斷題。由第二段“ThereisalearnedarticleaboutmyverseinPoetrythismonth,fromwhichIlearnthatIamanobjectivist.”ThelearnedfellowwasLouisZukofsky,brillianteminenceoftheobjectivists,“withwhomIdisagreeastobothformandcontentofverse,buttowhomIamobligedforplacingsomeofmythingshereandthere.”SoreadReznikoof’sconclusionin1931,withitsfillipofpoliteresentment.這個月的詩里有一篇關(guān)于我的詩的學(xué)習(xí)文章，從中我了解到我是一個客觀主義者。這位學(xué)者就是路易?祖科夫斯基，他是一位杰出的客觀主義者，我對于詩歌的形式和內(nèi)容都不同意他的觀點(diǎn)，但是我不得不把我的一些東西放在這里和那里。雷茲尼考夫1931年的結(jié)論是這樣的，其中不乏禮貌的不滿?！笨芍闋査箤τ诼芬姿狗Q其為客觀主義者持不贊成的態(tài)度。故C項(xiàng)正確。

3.詞義題。由第三段“Movementsandschoolsarearbitraryandimmaterialthingsbywhichpoetichistoryistold.ThismusthaverankledReznikoof,whospenthiswritinglifetracingthematerialandthenecessary.運(yùn)動和學(xué)派是講述詩歌歷史的隨意、非物質(zhì)的東西。這肯定會…查爾斯，因?yàn)樗膶懽魃闹饕敲枋鑫镔|(zhì)和必然的東西。”根據(jù)前后句關(guān)系可判斷兩者存在矛盾，即運(yùn)動和學(xué)派講述的東西會讓查爾斯很生氣。故B項(xiàng)正確。

4.推理判斷題。由第四段“Thoughhewaslittleinterestedinlegalpractice,theideaswouldbeneartheheartofhiswriting.雖然他對法律實(shí)踐不感興趣，但這些想法將是他寫作的核心。”可知法律在查爾斯的詩歌創(chuàng)作中起到了很大的作用，故D項(xiàng)“查爾斯的詩歌創(chuàng)作深受法律經(jīng)驗(yàn)的影響”正確。

5.推理判斷題。由最后一段“Thiscollectiongathersallhispoems(butforthosealreadybook-length)bythetechniqueofcompressingontosinglepagesasmanyasfiveorsixatatime.Thiscanlessentheforce;eachisasortofAmericanhaiku,thoughnomoreimpressionisticthanahand-operatedprintingpress.這本詩集收集了他所有的詩歌（但對于那些已經(jīng)有書本長度的詩歌來說），采用了一次壓縮五六頁的技術(shù)。這可以削弱力量；雖然不比手動印刷機(jī)更具有深刻印象，每一句都是一種美國俳句?！焙竺嬉昧艘皇自娮鳛楸粔嚎s之后的詩歌的例子。故D項(xiàng)“顯示這首詩被壓縮了”正確。

9.單選題

Aconditionisanessentialtermofthecontract.Ifacontractisnotperformed,itmayconstituteasubstantialbreachofcontractandallowtheotherpartyto（

）thecontract,thatis,treatthecontractasdischargedorterminated.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.repudiate

B.spurn

C.decline

D.halt

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)repudiate“拒絕，拒不履行（法律）；否定”；B選項(xiàng)spurn“擯棄；藐視”；C選項(xiàng)decline“謝絕；下降；衰落”；D選項(xiàng)halt“停止；躊躇”。句意：條件是合同的一個重要條款。如果合同不履行，就可能構(gòu)成對合同的實(shí)質(zhì)性違約，并允許另一方……合同，即將合同視為解除或終止。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.單選題

Althoughhehadbeengivenseveraltraffictickets,thedriver（）thathehadnotbeenresponsibleforasingleaccident.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.defended

B.acknowledged

C.inferred

D.contended

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。defend辯護(hù)；acknowledged承認(rèn)，確認(rèn)；inferred推測；contended主張，為…競爭。句意：盡管他收到了幾張交通罰單，但司機(jī)辯護(hù)稱他對這幾起交通事故都沒有責(zé)任。由Although可知前后兩句是讓步關(guān)系。雖然該司機(jī)收到幾張罰單，但他辯護(hù)….故A項(xiàng)符合句意。

11.單選題

Theseeingeyedogwastheblindman’s（

）companion.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.continual

B.consistent

C.constant

D.continuous

【答案】C

【解析】句意:導(dǎo)盲犬是盲人忠誠的同伴。

考查形容詞辨析。continual持續(xù)不斷的，頻繁的；consistent始終如—的，—致的，堅(jiān)持的;constant忠誠的，忠貞的，不變的，恒定的，經(jīng)常的;continuous連續(xù)的，持續(xù)的。因此C符合句意。

12.單選題

Ascientificlawisliableatanytimetoneed（）,thatisaneternaltruth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.modifying

B.changing

C.revising

D.adjusting

【答案】A

【解析】句意:在任何時候，科學(xué)定律都是需要修改的，這是永恒的真理。

考查動詞辨析。modify修改，調(diào)整，修飾；change變化;revise修改，修訂，校正;adjust調(diào)整。Modify和revise都有“修改”的意思，但modify指對計(jì)劃、方法、制度、條款等做細(xì)小的更改；而revise指由于新情況的出現(xiàn)或經(jīng)過更多的思考而對原有觀點(diǎn)、想法或作品加以修正，因此A項(xiàng)符合句意。

13.單選題

Withordersandcounter-orders,andwithpressuremountingonallsides,thequestionofwherehewastogoagain（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hascometothefore

B.cametothefore

C.hadcometothefore

D.cametothespotlight

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。cometothefore“出現(xiàn)”。題中的句子只是一個普通的過去陳述句，所以選B。D選項(xiàng)“出現(xiàn)在聚光燈下”，不符合文章內(nèi)容，可排除。句意：由于匯票、還盤以及各方面的壓力的攀升，他要去哪里的問題又……出來了。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Sofar,thepolicecanonly（）onthepossiblemotivesforthekilling.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.conceive

B.speculate

C.assume

D.imagine

【答案】B

【解析】conceive"構(gòu)思,設(shè)想";speculate"推測";assume"假定;承擔(dān)";imagine"想象,猜想"。句意：到目前為止,警方只能推測可能的殺人動機(jī)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

15.單選題

21-25

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.About10,000,000.

B.About1,000,000.

C.About100,000.

D.About10,000.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Acocktailofvitamins.

B.Acocktailofvitaminsplusmagnesium.

C.ThecombinationofvitaminsA,CandE.

D.E.D.

E.D.Thecombinationofminerals23.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thedelicatestructuresoftheinnerear.

B.Theinnerearcells.

C.Theeardrums.

D.Theinnerearossicles.24.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.GeneralMotors(通用汽車公司).

B.TheUnitedAutoWorkers(汽車工會).

C.NIH.

D.Allofabove25.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.AnindustrialtrialinSpain.

B.Militarytrials(軍事審判)inSpainandSweden.

C.IndustrialtrialsinSpainandSweden.

D.AtrialinvolvingstudentsattheUniversityofFlorida.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】(21)About10millionpeopleintheU.S.alone,fromtroopsreturningfromwartostudentswithmusicblastingthroughheadphonesaresufferingfromimpairingnoise-inducedhearingloss.TheriseintrendissomethingthatresearchersandphysiciansattheUniversityofMichiganCresgoHearingResearchInstitutearehopingtoreverse,withthecocktailofvitaminsandthemineralmagnesium(鎂)thatshallpromiseasapossiblewaytopreventhearinglosscausedbyloudnoise.Thenutrientsweresuccessfulinlaboratorytests.Andnowresearchersaretestingwhetherhumanswillbenefitaswell.(22)ThecombinationofvitaminsA,CandEplusmagnesiumisgivenonpillformtopatientswhoareparticipatingintheresearch.DevelopedattheUMCresgoHearingResearchInstitute,themedication,calledOralQuell,isdesignedtobetakenbeforeapersonisexposedtotheloudnoise.Untiladecadeago,itwasthoughtthatnoisedamagedhearingbyintensemechanicalvibrationsthatdestroyeddelicatestructuresoftheinnerear.Therewasnointerventiontoprotecttheinnerearotherthanreducingtheintensityofsoundreachingit,suchasearplugswhicharenotalwayseffective.(23)Itwasthendiscoveredthatnoisecausedintensemetabolicactivityintheinnerearandproductionofmoleculesthatdamagetheinnerearcells.Andthatallowsthediscoveryofinterventiontopreventtheseeffects.(24)Thelaboratoryresearchthatledtoanewunderstandingofmechanismsunderlyingnoise-inducedhearinglosswasfundedbyNIH,thePreclinicalTranslationResearchthatledtotheformulationofOralQuellaseffectivepreventativewasfundedbyGeneralMotorsandtheUnitedAutoWorkers.NowOralQuellisbeingtestedinasetoffourmultinationalhumanclinicaltrials:(25)militarytrialsinSwedenandSpain,andindustrialtrialsinSpainandthetrialinvolvingstudentsattheUniversityofFloridawholistentomusicathighvolumesontheiriPodsandotherPDAs.

21.Accordingtothetalk,howmanyvictimsofhearingproblemarethereintheUnitedStatesalone?

【解析】原文一開頭便提到：About10millionpeopleintheU.S.Alone…aresufferingfromimpairingnoise-inducedhearingloss，即聽力受損的大約有1000萬人。

22.WhichdidUMCresgoHearingResearchInstitutedeveloptopreventhearingloss?

【解析】原文中說該研究采用的是“combinationofvitaminsA,CandEplusmagnesium”，選項(xiàng)B“維生素和鎂的混合藥”正確。

23.Accordingtothelatestfindings,whatdoesloudnoisedamage?

【解析】文中提到“Itwasthendiscoveredthatnoisecausedintensemetabolicactivityintheinnerearandproductionofmoleculesthatdamagetheinnerearcells”，即噪音產(chǎn)生的原子能損害內(nèi)耳的細(xì)胞。

24.Accordingtothetalk,whosupportedthelabresearch?

【解析】題目問這一研究由誰支持，文中提到了NIH國家衛(wèi)生研究所。

25.WhichofthefollowingisnotincludedasthemultinationalhumanclinicaltrialsforOralQuell?

【解析】題目問哪一個不屬于多國人類臨床試驗(yàn)，只有C選項(xiàng)與原文不一致。

16.單選題

Thisisoneoftheanimalsthatcanthecoloroftheirsurroundings.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.takeup

B.takein

C.takeon

D.taketo

【答案】C

【解析】詞組題。A選項(xiàng)takeup拿起，開始從事，占據(jù)；B選項(xiàng)takein吸收，理解，欺騙；C選項(xiàng)takeon承擔(dān)，呈現(xiàn)，具有；D選項(xiàng)taketo喜歡，走向，開始從事。句意：這種動物是那種可以隨著環(huán)境的顏色而改變身體顏色的種類。因此，C項(xiàng)“呈現(xiàn)”符合題意。

17.單選題

Mosttraditionalfolksongsareofanonymousorigin.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.insignificant

B.inconspicuous

C.unusual

D.unknown

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。anonymous表示“匿名的，無名的”；A項(xiàng)insignificant“無關(guān)緊要的”，B項(xiàng)inconspicuous“不起眼的，不引起注意的”，C項(xiàng)unusual“不尋常的，與眾不同的”，D項(xiàng)unknown“未知的”。句意：大多數(shù)的傳統(tǒng)民間歌曲的作者都無從得知。根據(jù)句意該題選D。

18.翻譯題

1.Formostpeople,shoppingisstillamatterofwanderingdownthehighstreetorloadingacartinashoppingmall.Soon,thatwillchange.Electroniccommerceisgrowingfastandwillsoonbringpeoplemorechoice.Therewill,however,beacost:protectingtheconsumerfromfraudwillbeharder.Manygovernmentsthereforewanttoextendhigh-streetregulationstotheelectronicworld.Butpoliticianswouldbewisertoseecyberspaceasabasisforaneweraofcorporateself-regulation.

2.Consumersinrichcountrieshavegrownusedtotheideathatthegovernmenttakesresponsibilityforeverythingfromthestabilityofthebankstothesafetyofthedrugs,ortheirrightstorefundwhengoodsarefaulty.Butgovernmentscannotenforcenationallawsonbusinesseswhoseonlypresenceintheircountryisonascreen.Othercountrieshaveregulators,buttherulesofconsumerprotectiondiffer,asdoesenforcement.Evenwhereaclearrighttocompensationexists,theon-linecataloguecustomerinTokyo,say,canhardlygotoNewYorktoextractarefundforadudpurchase.

23.Oneanswerisforgovernmentstocooperatemore:torecognizeeachother’srules.Butthatrequiresyearsofworkandvolumesofdetailedrules.Andplentyofcountrieshaverulestoofancifulforsoberstatestoaccept.Then,lettheelectronicbusinessesdothe“regulation”themselves.Theydo,afterall,haveaself-interestindoingso.

24.Inelectroniccommerce,areputationforhonestdealingwillbeavaluablecompetitiveasset.Governments,too,maycompetetobetrusted.Forinstance,customersorderingmedicineson-linemayprefertobuyfromtheUnitedStatesbecausetheytrusttherigorousscreeningoftheFoodandDrugAdministration;ortheymaydecidethattheFDA’srulesaretoostrict,andbuyfromSwitzerlandinstead.

Consumerswillstillneedtousetheirjudgment.Butpreciselybecausethetechnologyisnew,electronicshoppersarelikelyforawhiletobealotmorecautiousthanconsumersofthenormalsort—andthenewtechnologywillalsomakeiteasierforthemtocomplainnoisilywhenacompanyletsthemdown.Inthisway,atleast,theadventofcyberspacemayargueforfewerconsumerprotectionlaws,notmore.

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage,andthentranslatetheunderlinedpartsnumberedfrom(1)to(4),fromEnglishintoChinese.PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】1.就大多數(shù)人而言，購物仍然意味著沿著大街閑逛或者在大型購物中心裝滿購物車。不久，這種情況會有所改變。電子商務(wù)迅猛發(fā)展，不久會給人們帶來更多的選擇。然而，這需要付出代價：保護(hù)顧客使之免受欺騙會更加困難。因此，許多政府想把街道的條例延伸到電子世界。

2.富裕國家的消費(fèi)者已習(xí)慣于這樣的觀念，政府應(yīng)對一切負(fù)責(zé)，包括銀行的穩(wěn)定和藥物的安全，以及退回有缺陷商品的權(quán)利，但是一些政府不會把國家的法律強(qiáng)加給只在本國屏幕上出現(xiàn)的企業(yè)。

3.一種回答是：政府之間要進(jìn)行更多的合作，即承認(rèn)彼此的條例，但這需要許多詳細(xì)的條例，許多國家制定的條例純屬空想，以至于一些嚴(yán)肅的國家不愿接受，那么就讓電子企業(yè)自我約束吧。

4.在電子商務(wù)中，誠信經(jīng)營的聲譽(yù)會成為競爭中的無價之寶。為了贏得信譽(yù)，一些政府也可能會展開競爭。譬如說，在網(wǎng)上訂購藥品的顧客可能愿意從美國那里購買，因?yàn)樗麄兿嘈攀称芳八幤饭芾砭值膰?yán)格審查，他們也有可能斷定食品及藥品管理局的條例過于苛刻，因而從瑞士那里購買。

19.寫作題

Directions:InthefollowingisanEnglishProverb“Onlythewearerknowswheretheshoepinches”.Presentyouropinionsontheproverb,usingreasonsand/orexamplestosupportyourviews.Writeacompositionofabout350words,providingatitleforyourcomposition.

【答案】【略】

20.單選題

Youmustbe（

）whenbuyingausedcar;besuretheengineisingoodcondition.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.weary

B.zealous

C.wary

D.wily

【答案】C

【解析】weary疲倦的，厭煩的；zealous熱心的，積極的；wary謹(jǐn)慎的，考慮周到的；wily狡猾的，詭計(jì)多端的。句意：當(dāng)你買二手車時一定要小心謹(jǐn)慎，確保發(fā)動機(jī)處于良好狀態(tài)。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

21.翻譯題

41.人類社會中的戰(zhàn)爭大體源于兩方面的缺乏。第一是資源的缺乏：爭奪對國家安全和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展至關(guān)重要的稀缺戰(zhàn)略資源往往是一國發(fā)動戰(zhàn)爭的重要動因。第二是信任的缺乏：這種缺乏常常導(dǎo)致國家在宗教、文化、意識形態(tài)等方面的持續(xù)對抗，并由此引發(fā)軍事沖突。

42.一方面，投資的滯后牽制了經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長，而另一方面，持續(xù)的消費(fèi)熱在一定程度上緩解了經(jīng)濟(jì)的衰退。

43.大學(xué)里學(xué)到的知識還相當(dāng)粗淺，研究生階段才開始研究學(xué)問，但在這個時期也只能算是初涉學(xué)術(shù)，更加注重的應(yīng)是領(lǐng)悟研究的方法。

【答案】41.Warsinhumansocietyariselargelyfromtwodeficiencies.Thefirstisthelackofresources:thescrambleforscarcestrategicresources,whicharevitaltonationalsecurityandeconomicdevelopment,isoftenanimportantmotivationforacountrytolaunchawar.Thesecondisalackoftrust:thislackhasoftenledtoongoingrivalriesbetweencountriesoverreligion,culture,ideology,etc.,whichleadstomilitaryconflicts.

42.Ontheonehand,thelagofinvestmenthasheldbackeconomicgrowth,whileontheother,thesustainedconsumptionboomhasalleviatedtheeconomicrecessiontoacertainextent.

43.Whatyouareimpartedduringuniversityissomethingquitesuperficial,andtheresearchinstitutesofuniversitiesarejusttheplaceswhereknowledgeisprimarilystudied.Buteventhereyougetonlythefirsttasteoflearningwhereemphasisisonresearchmethodologyandpractice.

22.單選題

Evidencecameup（

）specificsoundsarerecognizedbybabiesasyoungassixmonthsold.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.what

B.that

C.which

D.whose

【答案】B

【解析】考查同位語從句。通過分析句子可知，后面specificsoundsarerecognized…是對前面的evidence的解釋說明，是同位語，并且是個完整的句子，所以此處用that來引導(dǎo)這個同位語從句。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

23.單選題

Youshould（

）yourselfwiththerelevantfactsbeforemakingadecision.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.acquaint

B.acquire

C.acknowledge

D.attempt

【答案】A

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)acquaint“使熟悉，使認(rèn)識”；B選項(xiàng)acquire“獲得”；C選項(xiàng)acknowledge“承認(rèn)，答謝”；D選項(xiàng)attempt“企圖，嘗試”。句意：在做決定之前，你應(yīng)該熟悉相關(guān)的事實(shí)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

24.單選題

Thepatternsofspokenlanguageare（）fromthoseofwriting.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.distinct

B.distinctive

C.distinguished

D.distinguishing

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)distinct“獨(dú)特的，有區(qū)別的”，bedistinctfrom=bedifferentfrom，表示“與……不同”；B選項(xiàng)distinctive“有特色的，與眾不同的”；C選項(xiàng)distinguished“卓越的，著名的”；D選項(xiàng)distinguishing“有區(qū)別的”，英語中沒有bedistinguishingfrom這樣搭配。句意：口語的模式不同于書面語的模式。由選項(xiàng)意思和句意可知，A選項(xiàng)符合句意。

25.單選題

Seariseasaconsequenceofglobalwarmingwouldimmediatelythreatenthatlargefractionoftheglobelivingatthesealevel.Nearlyone-thirdofallhumanbeingslivewithin36milesofacoastline.Mostoftheworld’sgreatseaportcitieswouldbe（1）:NewOrleans,Amsterdam,Shanghai,andCairo.Somecountries—MaldivesIslandsintheIndianOcean,islandsinthePacific—wouldbeinundated.HeavilypopulatedcoastalareassuchasinBangladeshandEgypt,（2）largepopulationsoccupylow-lyingareas,wouldsufferextreme（3）.

Warmeroceanswouldspawnstrongerhurricanesandtyphoons,（4）incoastalflooding,possiblyswampingvaluableagriculturallandsaroundtheworld.（5）waterqualitymayresultas（6）floodingwhichforcessaltwaterintocoastalirrigationanddrinkingwatersupplies,andirreplaceable,natural（7）couldbefloodedwithoceanwater,destroyingforevermanyofthe（8）plantandanimalspecieslivingthere.

Foodsuppliesandforestswouldbe（9）affected.Changesinrainfallpatternswoulddisruptagriculture.Warmertemperatureswould（10）grain-growingregionspole-wards.Thewarmingwouldalsoincreaseandchangethepestplants,suchasweedsandtheinsects（11）thecrops.

Humanhealthwouldalsobeaffected.Warmingcould（12）tropicalclimatebringingwithityellowfever,malaria,andotherdiseases.Heatstressandheatmortalitycouldrise.Theharmful（13）oflocalizedurbanairpollutionwouldverylikelybemoreseriousinwarmer（14）.Therewillbesome（15）fromwarming.Newsea-laneswillopenintheArctic,longergrowingseasonsfurthernorthwill（16）newagriculturallands,andwarmertemperaturewillmakesomeoftoday’scolderregionsmore（17）.Butthesebenefitswillbeinindividualareas.Thenaturalsystems一bothplantandanimal—willbelessablethanmantocopeand（18）.Anychangeoftemperature,rainfall,andsealevelofthemagnitudenow（19）willbedestructivetonaturalsystemsandlivingthingsandhencetomanaswell.

Thelistofpossibleconsequencesofglobalwarmingsuggestsveryclearlythatwemustdoeverythingwecannowtounderstanditscausesandeffectsandtotakeallmeasurespossibletopreventandadapttopotentialandinevitabledisruptions（20）byglobalwarming.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ascended

B.assaulted

C.erased

D.endangered

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.which

B.where

C.when

D.what

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.dislocation

B.discontent

C.distribution

D.distinction

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.rebuking

B.rambling

C.resulting

D.rallying

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Increased

B.Reduced

C.Expanded

D.Saddened

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.inland

B.coastal

C.urban

D.suburban

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.dry-land

B.mountain

C.wetlands

D.forest

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.unique

B.precious

C.interesting

D.exciting

問題9選