考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川美術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川美術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

______totellusthattheinterestoftheindividualshouldbesubordinatetothatofthecollective?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Wereyouused

B.Areyouused

C.Didyouuse

D.Doyouused

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定句型。句意：你不是經(jīng)常告訴我們個(gè)人的利益應(yīng)該從屬于集體的利益嗎？sb.usedtodo“某人過(guò)去常常做某事”，其一般疑問(wèn)句為didsb.usetodo；sb.beusedto(doing)sth.“習(xí)慣于（做）某事”，其一般疑問(wèn)句為be動(dòng)詞提前；beusedtodosth.“被用來(lái)做某事”。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，這里指的是過(guò)去常常告訴我們某事，C選項(xiàng)Didyouuse符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Homeeconomistsrecommend______inlargequantities.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tobuybasicfooditems

B.buyingbasicitemsofthefood

C.buyingbasicfooditems

D.tobuybasicitemsofthefood

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.tobuybasicfooditems購(gòu)買基本食品B.buyingbasicitemsofthefood購(gòu)買基本食品

C.buyingbasicfooditems購(gòu)買基本食品D.tobuybasicitemsofthefood購(gòu)買基本食品

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】固定搭配。

【解題思路】fooditems是常見搭配，表示“食品”，可先排除B、D項(xiàng)；recommend可以和todo搭配，也可以與doing搭配，但是如果后面跟不定式，recommend后面要跟sb.，recommendsb.todosth.表示“建議某人去做某事”；如果后面跟doing，recommend可以直接跟，recommenddoingsth.表示“建議做某事”，所以此處選擇C項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)要加sb.才符合搭配，故排除；

B、D項(xiàng)不符合固定搭配。

【句意】家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家建議大量購(gòu)買基本食品。

3.單選題

Millionairescanbreatheabiteasier.WhilePresidentBarackObamasayshewantstoletincometaxcutsthatbenefitonlythewealthiestAmericansexpirein2013,severalstatesarerollingbacktaxincreasesfortopearners.

NewYork’shighesttaxratesonincomesexceeding$500,000willfallbackto7.85percent,from8.97percent,thisyear.Maryland’s6.25percenttaxonincomesabove$1millionexpiredattheendof2010,whileCalifornia’stoptaxrateforMillionaireshasdroppedto10.3percentfrom10.55percent.

Atleastsevenstatesinstitutedtemporaryso-calledmillionairetaxesduringtherecession.Thoseleviesarebecominghardertojustifynowthatstaterevenuesarerebounding.Overall,statetaxrevenuegrew12percentinAprilcomparedwithayearearlier,whichmaytrim$20billionfromestimatedstatesbudgetshortfall,accordingtoarecentGoldmanSachs(GS)report.Thesoak-the-richdrive“justpeteredout”,saysJosephHenchman,vicepresidentforlegalandstateprojectsattheTaxFoundationinWashington,agroupfocusedonloweringtaxes.“Allofthesestatesarebackingawaynow.”

Businessgroupshavebeenvocalopponentsofthetemporaryhikes.TheBusinessCouncilofNewYorkStatehasopposedeffortstomaintainthetaxincreaseonthegroundsthatsuchmeasuresareanindirecttaxonbusinessincome.MorebusinessownerswhoarepaidbypartnershipsorScorporationsreportbusinessincomeontheirindividualreturns.KennethJ.Pokalsky,theBusinessCouncil’sseniordirectorofgovernmentaffairs,says25percentofrevenuegeneratedfromthestate’staxonhigherearnerscamefrombusinessincome.InCalifornia,theSiliconValleyLeadershipGroup,whosemembersincludeBankofAmerica(BAC),Apple(AAPL),andMicrosoft(MSFT),alongwith12otherbusinessgroups,havetoldlawmakersthattaxincreasesshouldbeextendedonlyiflawmakersagreeto“structuralreform”ofthebudget.

Republicans,whotypicallyopposetaxhikes,nowholdamajorityofgovemorships-29-andmanywereelectedlastyearaftercampaigningagainsttaxincreases.NewJerseygovernorChrisChristie,aRepublican,receivednationalattentionaftervetoingabillthatwouldhaveextendedataxonmillionairesinthestate.

SomeDemocratsarealsofightingthehighertaxes.NewYorkGovernorAndrewCuomosparkedabattlewithfellowpartymembersinthelegislatureearlierthisyearbyopposinglegislationthatwouldmaintainthehigherratesonindividualsearningmorethan$1million.MarylandGovernorMartinO’Malley,aDemocrat,didn’tpushtoextendhisState’smillionairetaxlastyear.“Iwouldliketothinkit’sbecausethesearenotverygoodpolicies,”Henchmansays,“Ifyou’reaconservative,youdon’treallylikethesetaxes.Ifyou’realiberal,theseservicesshouldbesoimportantthateveryoneshouldhavetopayforthem”.

TheAmericanpublicisalmostevenlydividedonthequestionsofwhetherthewealthyshouldshoulderahighertaxburden.AGalluppollreleasedonJune2found49percentrespondentsopposedhighertaxesontherich,while47percentsupportedthem.

31.BarackObamawantsto________.

32.________isoneofthepossiblereasonswhystaterevenuesrevived?

33.WhatcanbeinferredfromJosephHenchman’swords?

34.WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheSiliconValleyLeadershipGroupiscorrect?

35.Whichisprobablythebesttitleforthispassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.cutincometaxin2013

B.extendmillionairetaxto2013

C.benefitthewealthiestAmericansbycuttingincometax

D.rollbacktaxincreasesfortopearners

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Initiatingtemporarymillionairetaxesduringthedepression

B.Levyingtaxonatleastsevenstatesinstitutions

C.Trimming$20billionfromstatebudget

D.Estimatingstatebudgetshortfalls

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thestatethatinstitutedmillionairetaxesaregoingtoabolishit.

B.Allofthesesatesarefocusingonthesoak-the-richdrivenow.

C.Thesoak-the-richdrivehasjuststartedout.

D.Onlyahandfulofthesestatesarefocusingonloweringtaxes.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itwas15membersintotal.

B.Itagreestoextendtaxincrease.

C.Itproposedtomakea“structuralreform”ofthebudget.

D.Itwouldagreetheextensionoftaxincreaseprovidedthatlawmakersagreeto“structuralreform”ofthebudget.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.TheWealthyAreWillingtoShoulderaHigherTaxBurden

B.ObamaIsProposinganIncomeTaxCut

C.ObamaIsProposinganIncomeTaxCutExtension

D.StatesAreRejectingMillionaireTaxes

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】31.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段第二句WhilePresidentBarackObamasayshewantstoletincometaxcutsthatbenefitonlythewealthiestAmericansexpirein2013,severalstatesarerollingbacktaxincreasesfortopearners.（奧巴馬總統(tǒng)說(shuō)，他希望讓只惠及美國(guó)富人的所得稅減免政策在2013年到期，而幾個(gè)州正在減少對(duì)高收入者的增稅。），可知D選項(xiàng)“減少對(duì)富人的增稅”正確。A選項(xiàng)“2013年削減所得稅”，B選項(xiàng)“延長(zhǎng)百萬(wàn)富翁的稅至2013年”和C選項(xiàng)“通過(guò)削減所得稅使最富有的美國(guó)人受益”不符合文章內(nèi)容，故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

32.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段第一句Atleastsevenstatesinstitutedtemporaryso-calledmillionairetaxesduringtherecession.（在經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退期間，至少有7個(gè)州設(shè)立臨時(shí)“百萬(wàn)富翁稅”。）和第三句Overall,statetaxrevenuegrew12percentinAprilcomparedwithayearearlier,whichmaytrim$20billionfromestimatedstatesbudgetshortfall（總體而言，4月份的州政府稅收收入同比增長(zhǎng)12%，這可能會(huì)從州預(yù)算缺口中削減200億美元。），可知A選項(xiàng)“在大蕭條期間開始征收臨時(shí)百萬(wàn)富翁稅”促進(jìn)州的財(cái)政收入復(fù)蘇，故正確。B選項(xiàng)“對(duì)至少七個(gè)州的機(jī)構(gòu)征稅”錯(cuò)誤，C選項(xiàng)“從州預(yù)算中削減200億美元”和D選項(xiàng)“估計(jì)國(guó)家預(yù)算赤字”不符合文章內(nèi)容。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

33.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句Thesoak-the-richdrive“justpeteredout”…“Allofthesestatesarebackingawaynow.”（向富人征稅的運(yùn)動(dòng)“正在逐漸消失”……“所有這些州都在后退?！保芍狝選項(xiàng)“設(shè)立百萬(wàn)富翁稅的州將廢除它”正確。B選項(xiàng)“所有這些州現(xiàn)在都在關(guān)注向富人征稅”，C選項(xiàng)“榨取富人的運(yùn)動(dòng)剛剛開始”和D選項(xiàng)“這些州中只有少數(shù)集中在降低稅收上”不符合文章內(nèi)容，故錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

34.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句InCalifornia,theSiliconValleyLeadershipGroup,whosemembersincludeBankofAmerica(BAC),Apple(AAPL),andMicrosoft(MSFT),alongwith12otherbusinessgroups,havetoldlawmakersthattaxincreasesshouldbeextendedonlyiflawmakersagreeto“structuralreform”ofthebudget.（在加州，包括美國(guó)銀行、蘋果和微軟在內(nèi)的硅谷領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組以及其他12個(gè)商業(yè)團(tuán)體向議員們表示，只有在議員們同意對(duì)預(yù)算進(jìn)行“結(jié)構(gòu)性改革”的情況下，才應(yīng)該延長(zhǎng)增稅。），可知D選項(xiàng)“如果立法者同意對(duì)預(yù)算進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)性改革，將同意延長(zhǎng)增稅”正確。A選項(xiàng)“總共有15個(gè)成員”，C選項(xiàng)“提議對(duì)預(yù)算進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)性改革”和B選項(xiàng)“同意延長(zhǎng)增稅”不符合文章內(nèi)容，故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

35.主旨大意題。文章第一句提出Millionairescanbreatheabiteasier.（百萬(wàn)富翁們可以松一口氣了。），后面的內(nèi)容在表達(dá)各個(gè)州在減少對(duì)富人的征稅，所以D選項(xiàng)“各州拒絕向百萬(wàn)富翁征稅”正確。A選項(xiàng)“富人愿意承擔(dān)更高的稅收負(fù)擔(dān)”不符合文章內(nèi)容，故錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“奧巴馬提議削減所得稅”和C選項(xiàng)“奧巴馬提議延長(zhǎng)所得稅減免”：文章主要不是在講奧巴馬的提議，并且不符合文章內(nèi)容，故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

（）forthetimelyinvestmentfromthegeneralpublic,ourcompanywouldnotbesothrivingasitis.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Haditnotbeen

B.Wereitnot

C.Beitnot

D.Shoulditnotbe

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣的倒裝。句意：要不是公眾及時(shí)投資，我們公司就不會(huì)像現(xiàn)在這樣繁榮。由此可知，主句和從句發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致，主句是對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬，所以用would+動(dòng)詞原形；從句是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬，投資發(fā)生在公司繁榮之前，所以應(yīng)使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，即had+過(guò)去分詞。虛擬條件句中如果含有助動(dòng)詞should、had和were，可以將if省略，將助動(dòng)詞提前。這里還原應(yīng)該是“Ifithadnotbeenforthetimelyinvestmentfromthegeneralpublic…”，將助動(dòng)詞提前之后就是Haditnotbeen，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

5.單選題

Manyartistsbelievethatsuccessfulimitation,farfrombeingsymptomaticofalackof（

）,isthefirststepinlearningtobecreative.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.elegance

B.resolution

C.sympathy

D.originality

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)elegance“典雅；高雅”；B選項(xiàng)resolution“分辨率；解決；決心”；C選項(xiàng)sympathy“同情；贊同”；D選項(xiàng)originality“創(chuàng)意；獨(dú)創(chuàng)性；原始”。句意：許多藝術(shù)家認(rèn)為，成功的模仿遠(yuǎn)不是缺乏······的表現(xiàn)，而是學(xué)會(huì)創(chuàng)造的第一步。句中出現(xiàn)的“模仿”、“學(xué)會(huì)創(chuàng)造”表明，此處應(yīng)表示“模仿成功不是缺乏創(chuàng)造力的表現(xiàn)”。D選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Attheageoftwelveyears,thehumanbodyisatitsmostvigorous.Ithasyettoreachitsfullsizeandstrength,anditsownerhisorherfullintelligence,butatthisagethelikelihoodofdeathisleast.Earlier,wewereinfantsandyoungchildren,andconsequentlymorevulnerable;later,weshallundergoaprogressivelossofourvigorandresistancewhich,thoughimperceptibleatfirst,willfinallybecomesosteepthatwecanlivenolonger,howeverwellwelookafterourselves,andhoweverwellsociety,andourdoctors,lookafterus.

Thisdeclineinvigorwiththepassingoftimeiscalledageing.Itisoneofthemostunpleasantdiscoverieswhichweallmakethatwemustdeclineinthisway,thatifweescapewars,accidentsanddiseaseweshalleventually“dieofoldage”,andthatthishappensataratewhichdifferslittlefrompersontoperson,sothatthereareheavyoddsinfavorofourdyingbetweentheagesofsixty-fiveandeighty.Someofuswilldiesooner,afewwilllivelonger—onintoaninthortenthdecade.Butthechancesareagainstit,andthereisavirtuallimitonhowlongwecanhopetoremainalive,howeverluckyandrobustweare.

Normalpeopletendtoforgetthisprocessunlessanduntiltheyareremindedofit.Wearesofamiliarwiththefactthatmanages,thatpeoplehaveforyearsassumedthattheprocessoflosingvigorwithtime,ofbecomingmorelikelytodietheodderweget,wassomethingself-evident,likethecoolingofahotkettleorthewearingoutofapairofshoes.Theyhavealsoassumedthatallanimals,andprobablyotherorganismssuchastrees,oreventheuniverseitself,mustinthenatureofthings“wearout”.

Mostanimalswecommonlyobservedoinfactageaswedo,ifgiventhechancetolivelongenough;andmechanicalsystemslikeawoundwatch,orthesun,doinfactrunoutofenergyinaccordancewiththesecondlawofthermodynamics(熱力學(xué))(whetherthewholeuniversedoessoisamootpointatpresent).Butthesearenotanalogoustowhathappenswhenmanages.Arun-downwatchisstillawatchandcanberewound.Anoldwatch,bycontrast,becomessowornandunreliablewhatiteventuallyisnotworthmending.Butawatchcouldneverrepairitself—itdoesnotconsistoflivingparts,onlyofmetal,whichwearsawaybyfriction.Wecould,atonetime,repairourselves—wellenough,atleast,toovercomeallbutthemostinstantlyfatalillnessesandaccidents.Betweentwelveandeightyyearswegraduallylosethispower,anillnesswhichattwelvewouldknockusover,ateightycanknockusout,andintoourgrave.Ifwecouldstayasvigorousasweareattwelve,itwouldtakeabout700yearsforhalfofustodie,andanother700forthesurvivorstobereducedbyhalfagain.

36.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?

37.Theword“it”inthelastsentenceofParagraphTworefersto（）.

38.Whatisageing?

39.Whatdotheexampleofwatchshow?

40.Whichofthefollowingbestfitsthestyleofthispassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Ourfirsttwelveyearsrepresentthepeakofhumandevelopment.

B.Peopleusuallyareunhappywhenremindedofageing.

C.Normallyonlyafewofuscanlivetotheireightiesandnineties.

D.Peopleareusuallylesslikelytodieattwelveyearsold.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.remainingaliveuntil65

B.remainingaliveafter80

C.dyingbefore65orafter80

D.dyingbetween65and80

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itisusuallyaphenomenonofdyingatanoldage.

B.Itisafactthatpeoplecannotliveanylonger.

C.Itisagraduallossofvigorandresistance.

D.Itisaphasewhenpeopleareeasilyattackedbyillness.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Normallypeoplearequitefamiliarwiththeageingprocess.

B.Allanimalandotherorganismsundergotheageingprocess.

C.Thelawofthermodynamicsfunctionsintheageingprocess.

D.Human’sageingprocessisdifferentfromthatofmechanisms.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Argumentation

B.Exposition

C.Narration

D.Description

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】36.推理判斷題。定位到第一段Attheageoftwelveyears,thehumanbodyisatitsmostvigorous.Ithasyettoreachitsfullsizeandstrength,anditsownerhisorherfullintelligence,butatthisagethelikelihoodofdeathisleast.（人長(zhǎng)到12歲時(shí)，身體處于最旺盛時(shí)期。雖然身材、力量和智力都還有待發(fā)展和完善，但這時(shí)候死亡的幾率最小。）因此可排除A選項(xiàng)“我們頭一個(gè)12年代表了人類發(fā)展的巔峰”。D選項(xiàng)“人們通常不太可能在12歲時(shí)死亡”符合原文，正確。B選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)人們想到衰老時(shí)，通常會(huì)不高興”，定位到第二段Itisoneofthemostunpleasantdiscoverieswhichweallmakethatwemustdeclineinthisway.（人類發(fā)現(xiàn)的最不愉快的一個(gè)事實(shí)是人必然會(huì)衰老。）由此可知，B選項(xiàng)符合題意。C選項(xiàng)“通常我們中只有少數(shù)人能活到八九十歲”，定位到第二段Someofuswilldiesooner,afewwilllivelonger—onintoaninthortenthdecade.（我們中的一些人會(huì)死得早一些，少數(shù)人會(huì)活得更長(zhǎng)——活到九十、一百歲。）由此可知，C選項(xiàng)也符合題意。故選A。

37.詞義推測(cè)題。定位在第二段Someofuswilldiesooner,afewwilllivelonger—onintoaninthortenthdecade.Butthechancesareagainstit,andthereisavirtuallimitonhowlongwecanhopetoremainalive,howeverluckyandrobustweare.（我們中的一些人將死得早，很少人會(huì)活得更長(zhǎng)，到第九個(gè)或第十個(gè)十年。但是這樣的幾率很小，我們所能期望的壽命實(shí)際上是有限度的，無(wú)論我們多幸運(yùn)多強(qiáng)健。）由此可知it應(yīng)該指代前一句的內(nèi)容，很少人能夠活到第九個(gè)十年或者第十個(gè)十年。因此B選項(xiàng)“80歲后還活著”正確，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“活到65歲”，C選項(xiàng)“在65歲前或80歲后死亡”，D選項(xiàng)“在65到80歲之間死去”均不符合題意，可排除。故選B。

38.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由關(guān)鍵詞ageing定位到第二段Thisdeclineinvigorwiththepassingoftimeiscalledageing.（這種活力隨著時(shí)間的流逝而衰退的現(xiàn)象叫作衰老。）和第一段中的weshallundergoaprogressivelossofourvigorandresistancewhich,thoughimperceptibleatfirst.（我們將經(jīng)歷精力和抵抗力逐漸衰退的過(guò)程，雖然在開始時(shí)難以覺察。）可知C選項(xiàng)“衰老是一種逐漸喪失活力和抵抗力的過(guò)程”正確，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“衰老通常是一種老年死亡的現(xiàn)象”，B選項(xiàng)“人們不能再活下去了，這是一個(gè)事實(shí)”，D選項(xiàng)“衰老是一個(gè)人們?nèi)菀资艿郊膊」舻碾A段”均不符合衰老的定義描述，可排除。故選C。

39.推理判斷題。定位到第四段andmechanicalsystemslikeawoundwatch,orthesun,doinfactrunoutofenergyinaccordancewiththesecondlawofthermodynamics(熱力學(xué))(whetherthewholeuniversedoessoisamootpointatpresent).Butthesearenotanalogoustowhathappenswhenmanages.（機(jī)械系統(tǒng)，如一塊上發(fā)條的表，或者太陽(yáng)，實(shí)際上的確會(huì)遵循熱力學(xué)第二定律耗盡能量（整個(gè)宇宙是否如此，目前是一個(gè)有爭(zhēng)議的問(wèn)題）。但是這些和人類老化的情況并不相同。）可以推理出，人類的老化與機(jī)械裝置的老化是不同的。手表不能像人類的身體那樣進(jìn)行自我修復(fù)，而人類的自我修復(fù)還可以在一定程度上緩解病痛、延長(zhǎng)生命，所以D選項(xiàng)“人的衰老過(guò)程不同于機(jī)械的衰老過(guò)程”正確，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“通常人們對(duì)衰老過(guò)程相當(dāng)熟悉”，B選項(xiàng)“所有動(dòng)物和其他生物都要經(jīng)歷老化過(guò)程”，C選項(xiàng)“熱力學(xué)定律在老化過(guò)程中起作用”均與題意不符，故選D。

40.推理判斷題。本文從衰老起始時(shí)間（十二歲）入手，主要介紹了衰老過(guò)程的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。文中通過(guò)引用一些數(shù)據(jù)和使用對(duì)比等手段，說(shuō)明了衰老的過(guò)程、必然性及其與機(jī)械裝置損耗的區(qū)別所在。由此可知，本文屬于說(shuō)明文體。因此B選項(xiàng)“說(shuō)明文”正確，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“議論文”，C選項(xiàng)“記敘文”，D選項(xiàng)“描述文”，均不符合題意，故選B。

7.單選題

Ifyoumisstheculturalreferences（）aword,you’reverylikelytomissitsmeaning.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.beyond

B.behind

C.below

D.before

【答案】D

【解析】考查介詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)beyond“在（或向）……較遠(yuǎn)的一邊；超過(guò)”；B選項(xiàng)behind“在……背面”；C選項(xiàng)below“在……下面”；D選項(xiàng)before“在……之前”。句意：如果你沒(méi)看到單詞（）的文化背景，你很可能會(huì)不理解它的意思。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，可知文化背景緊挨著單詞，并且在同一句話中，before“在……之前”比較合理。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Apetitionerbroughtabillinequitybeforethecourt.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.warrant

B.answer

C.document

D.complaint

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。Billinequity意思是“平衡法控訴書”，即一種訴狀；A選項(xiàng)warrant“證明，委任狀”；B選項(xiàng)answer“回答，答辯”；C選項(xiàng)document“文件，公文”；D選項(xiàng)complaint“抱怨”，也可以表示法律上的“控告”。句意：請(qǐng)?jiān)溉讼蚍ㄔ禾峤灰环萜胶夥卦V書。根據(jù)句意D項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Markseemstohaveaverylenientteacherthisyear.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.helpful

B.friendly

C.intelligent

D.permissive

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.helpful有幫助性的，支持的B.friendly友好的，親切的

C.intelligent智能的，聰明的D.permissive放任的，縱容的

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】本句話表示“馬克今年的老師似乎很寬容（lenient）”，劃線單詞lenient在句中表示“寬容的，仁慈的”，在本句話中表達(dá)馬克今年的老師很寬容友好，B選項(xiàng)詞義與劃線單詞在句中的含義最為接近，故本題正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A、C項(xiàng)與劃線單詞的意思不符合；

D選項(xiàng)permissive“放任的，縱容的”在牛津詞典的釋義為：允許或表現(xiàn)出許多人不贊成的行為自由，特別是在性方面。是一個(gè)偏貶義的詞，本句話中并不能體現(xiàn)該含義，排除。

【句意】馬克今年的老師似乎很寬容。

10.單選題

Nowadaysalargenumberofpeoplebuy______Christmastreesinsteadofrealones.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.false

B.fake

C.sham

D.artificial

【答案】D

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)false“錯(cuò)誤的”，指因缺失而補(bǔ)上的替代物，有時(shí)也指?jìng)窝b的；B選項(xiàng)fake“假的”，指沒(méi)有價(jià)值的冒牌貨或代用品；C選項(xiàng)sham“假裝的”，指可以以假亂真的東西；D選項(xiàng)artificial“仿造的”，指模仿天然材料由人工制造的東西。句意：現(xiàn)在很多人買人造圣誕樹而不是真的圣誕樹。本句表示人造的圣誕樹。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

II.LegalHistory

Beforetheupheavalsofthelate11thandearly12thcenturies,thepeoplesofEuropewereorganizedpoliticallyinaloose,complex,andoverlappingstructureof(1)localunits,(2)lordshipunits,(3)tribal(clan)units,(4)largeterritorialunitssuchasduchiesorprincipalities,whichmightincludeanumberoftribes(clans),and(5)kingdoms,ofwhichtheFrankishkingdom,fromtheyear800,wascalledanumpire.ThekingdomswereconceivednotasterritorialunitsbutprimarilyasthecommunityoftheChristianpeopleunderaking(emperor),whowasconsideredtobeChrist’sdeputyandsupremeheadofthechurchaswellasofthenobility,theclans,andthearmy.Thechurchitselfwasnotconceivedasapoliticalunitbutprimarilyasaspiritualcommunityledultimatelybythekingoremperorandintermediatelybybishops,ofwhomtheBishopofRomewasbytraditionthemostimportant.

Withinthisgeneralclassification,therewereverywidedifferencesfromlocalitytolocality,lordshipunittolordshipunit,tribalunittotribalunit,andsoon.TheeconomyofEuropebeforethe11thcenturywaslargelylocalandagrarian.Therewasverylittleintercommunication;apartfrommonksandsomeothersoftheclergyandasmallnumberofmerchants,andexceptformilitarycampaigns,onlythehighernobilityandkingstravelled.Therewerepracticallynopermanentrepresentativesofthecentralauthoritiesinthelocalities.Effortstoplacethemweregenerallyfrustrated.Notonlypowerbutalsoculturewaswidelydispersed.Thecustomsofoneplacemightdiffersubstantiallyfromthecustomsofanotherplacefiftymilesaway.

Nevertheless,thepoliticalorganizationofthepeoplesofEuropeintheperiodfrom6thtothe11thcenturiesrevealsacommonpatternofdevelopment.

Thesmallestlocalpoliticalunitsweregenerallycalledvillae(“villages”or“vills”);theseweregroupedintocentenarii(“hundreds”),whichweregrouped,inturn,intocomitatus(“counties”).TheselocalunitsfirstcameintobeingwhenthewanderingtribesfromwesternAsia,havingswallowedupwhatwasleftoftheRomanEmpireintheWest,finallysettleddowninthe4th,5thand6thcenturies.

Thesecondtypeofunit,lordshipunits,cameintobeingsoonthereafter.Theirnumberincreasedassettlers“commendedthemselves”toleadingpersonagesamongthemandpromisedtorenderservicesinternforfoodandclothingaswellasforprotectionagainstenemies.

55.Whichofthefollowingdescriptionofakingdombeforethe11thcenturyisNOTcorrect?

56.Theoneswhodidnottravelbeforethe11thcenturywere___.

57.Thereasonthattheeffortstoplacepermanentrepresentativesofthecentralauthoritiesinthelocalitiesweregenerallyfrustratedwasthat___.

58.Thepoliticalunitsfrom6thto11thcenturiesoriginatedin___.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheFrankishkingdomwascalledanumpirefrom800A.D

B.Akingdomwasledbyakingoremperor,whowasconsideredtobethesupremeheadoftheterritory

C.ThekingdomswereconceivedprimarilyasthecommunityoftheChristianpeople

D.AkingdomwasoneoftheseveralstructuresofEuropeanpeople’spoliticalorganizations

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.monksandpriests

B.kingsandotherupper-classpeople

C.peasantswhowantedtoselltheirownproducts

D.merchants

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thepowerandculturewerewidelydispersed

B.thepeopledidnotunderstandeachother

C.therewasnocommonpatternofdevelopment

D.thecustomsofdifferentplacesdifferedsubstantially

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theleftoversoftheRomanEmpireintheWest

B.thelordshipunits

C.theleadingpersonagesamongthesettlers

D.thetribesfromwesternAsia

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

【解析】55.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第一段ThekingdomswereconceivednotasterritorialunitsbutprimarilyasthecommunityoftheChristianpeopleunderaking(emperor),whowasconsideredtobeChrist’sdeputyandsupremeheadofthechurchaswellasofthenobility,theclans,andthearmy.（王國(guó)不是作為領(lǐng)土單位，而是主要作為基督教人民在國(guó)王（皇帝）領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下的社區(qū)，國(guó)王被認(rèn)為是基督的副手和教會(huì)以及貴族、氏族和軍隊(duì)的最高領(lǐng)袖）可知王國(guó)并不是領(lǐng)土單位，國(guó)王也不是領(lǐng)土的最高元首，B選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)王國(guó)是由國(guó)王或皇帝領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的，他被認(rèn)為是領(lǐng)土的最高元首”錯(cuò)誤，同時(shí)可知C選項(xiàng)“這些王國(guó)最初被認(rèn)為是基督教人民的社區(qū)”符合原文；第一段(5)kingdoms,ofwhichtheFrankishkingdom,fromtheyear800,wascalledanumpire.（5王國(guó)，其中法蘭克王國(guó)從800年起被稱為裁判）可知A選項(xiàng)“法蘭克王國(guó)從公元800年起被稱為裁判”符合原文；第一段thepeoplesofEuropewereorganizedpoliticallyinaloose,complex,andoverlappingstructureof…and(5)kingdoms（歐洲人民在政治上是以松散、復(fù)雜和重疊的結(jié)構(gòu)組織起來(lái)的……5王國(guó)）可知D選項(xiàng)“王國(guó)是歐洲人民政治組織的幾個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)之一”符合原文。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

56.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第二段…apartfrommonksandsomeothersoftheclergyandasmallnumberofmerchants,andexceptformilitarycampaigns,onlythehighernobilityandkingstravelled.（除了僧侶和其他一些神職人員以及少數(shù)商人之外，除了軍事行動(dòng)之外，只有貴族和國(guó)王出游）可知選C選項(xiàng)“農(nóng)民想賣自己的產(chǎn)品”，原文中農(nóng)民不會(huì)出游；A選項(xiàng)“僧侶和牧師”；B選項(xiàng)“國(guó)王和其他上層階級(jí)的人”以及D選項(xiàng)“商人”在原文中都會(huì)出游，不符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

57.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第二段Withinthisgeneralclassification,therewereverywidedifferencesfromlocalitytolocality,lordshipunittolordshipunit,tribalunittotribalunit,andsoon…Effortstoplacethemweregenerallyfrustrated.Notonlypowerbutalsoculturewaswidelydispersed.Thecustomsofoneplacemightdiffersubstantiallyfromthecustomsofanotherplacefiftymilesaway.（在這一總體分類中，各地、領(lǐng)主單位與領(lǐng)主單位、部落單位與部落單位等都有很大的差異……安置它們的努力普遍受挫。不僅權(quán)力如此，文化也被廣泛分散。一個(gè)地方的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣可能與五十英里外另一個(gè)地方的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣有很大的不同）可知權(quán)利和文化分散的原因都是每個(gè)地方的風(fēng)俗都有很大的差異，選D選項(xiàng)“不同地方的風(fēng)俗有很大的不同”，同時(shí)可知A選項(xiàng)“權(quán)力和文化被廣泛分散”并不是常駐代表的努力普遍受挫的原因，權(quán)利和文化被分散的根本原因也是每個(gè)地方的風(fēng)俗都有很大的差異；B選項(xiàng)“人們彼此不理解”以及C選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有共同的發(fā)展模式”原文未提及。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

58.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第四段TheselocalunitsfirstcameintobeingwhenthewanderingtribesfromwesternAsia,havingswallowedupwhatwasleftoftheRomanEmpireintheWest,finallysettleddowninthe4th,5thand6thcenturies.（這些地方單位最初是在來(lái)自西亞的流浪部落吞沒(méi)了羅馬帝國(guó)在西方留下的東西，最終在4、5和6世紀(jì)定居下來(lái)時(shí)形成的）可知選A選項(xiàng)“羅馬帝國(guó)在西方的殘余”，B選項(xiàng)“貴族單位”和C選項(xiàng)“殖民者中的主要人物”原文未提及，D選項(xiàng)“來(lái)自西亞的部落”不符合原文所說(shuō)的來(lái)自西亞的流浪部落。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Theymakebetteruseofthetimetheyhave,andtheyarelesslikelytosuccumbtofatigueinstressfuljobs.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sustain

B.yield

C.endure

D.expose

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們更好地利用時(shí)間，并且在有壓力的工作中也不會(huì)……疲勞。sustain“維持（生命、生存）”；yield“屈服，投降”；endure“忍耐”；expose“揭露”。根據(jù)“fatigueinstressfuljobs”可以推測(cè)劃線單詞的意思是“屈服”，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

13.單選題

Agoodeducationisan（

）youcanfallbackonfortherestofyourlife.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.asset

B.ethic

C.inventory

D.obligation

【答案】A

【解析】句意:好的教育是你余生能依靠的資產(chǎn)。

考查名詞辨析。Asset資產(chǎn),優(yōu)點(diǎn),有利條件;ethic道德準(zhǔn)則,倫理標(biāo)準(zhǔn);inventory清單,財(cái)產(chǎn)清單,(商店的)存貨;obligation義務(wù),職責(zé),責(zé)任。因此A符合句意。

14.單選題

Globalizationisaphenomenonandarevolution.Itissweepingtheworldwithincreasingspeedandchangingthegloballandscapeintosomethingnewanddifferent.Yet,likeallsuchtrends,itsmeaning,development,andimpactpuzzlemany.Wetalkaboutglobalizationandexperienceitseffects,butfewofusreallyunderstandtheforcesthatareatworkintheglobalpoliticaleconomy.

Whenpeopleusetheircellphones,logontotheInternet,vieweventsfromaroundtheworldonlivetelevision,andexperiencevaryingculturesintheirownbackyards,theybegintobelievethatthisprocessofglobalizationisagoodthingthatwillbringavarietyofnewandsophisticatedchangestopeople’slives.Manyaspectsofthistechnologicalrevolutionbringfun,ease,andsophisticationtopeople’sdailylives.Yettheanti-WorldTradeOrganization(WTO)protestsinSeattle,Washingtonin1999andWashington,D.C.in2000aregraphicillustrationsofthefactthatnoteveryonebelievesthatglobalizationisagoodthing.ManyAmericanswhohavefeltleftoutoftheglobaleconomicboom,aswellasLatinAmericans,Africans,andAsianswhofeelthattheirjobskillsandabilitiesarebeingexploitedbymultinationalcorporations(MNCs)inaglobaldivisionoflabor,believethatthissystemdoesnotmeettheirneeds.LocalculturesthatbelievethatWal-MartandMcDonald’sbringingculturalchangeandharmratherthaninexpensiveproductsandconveniencecriticizetheprocess.Inthisway,globalization,likeallrevolutionaryforces,polarizespeople,altersthefabricoftheirlives,andcreatesriftswithinandbetweenpeople.

ManyintheWest,alongwiththeprominentandeliteamongMNCs,educators,andpolicymakers,seemtohaveembracedglobalization.Theyarguethatithelpstostreamlineeconomicsystems,disciplineslaborandmanagement,bringsforthnewtechnologiesandideas,andfuelseconomicgrowth.TheypointtotherelativeprosperityofmanyWesterncountriesandarguethatthisisproofofglobalization’spositiveeffects.Theyseelittleoftheproblemsthecriticsidentify.Infact,thosewhorecognizesomestructuralproblemsinthesystemarguethatdespitetheseissues,globalizationislikeacrossthedevelopingworld,viewglobalizationasaneconomicandculturalwavethattearsatthefabricofcenturies-oldsocieties.Theyseejobsemergingdisappearinginamatterofmonths,peoplemovingacrossthelandscapeinrecordnumbers,elitesamassinghugefortuneswhilelocalculturesandtraditionsaresweptaway,andlocalyouthbeingseducedbypromisesofAmericanmaterialwealthanddistancedfromtheirownculturalroots.Thesecriticslookpasttheallureofglobalizationandfocusonthedisquietingimpactofrapidandsystem-widechange.

Theironyofsuchafar-rangingandrapidhistoricalprocesssuchasglobalizationisthatbothproponentsandcriticsmayberight.Therealitiesofglobalizationarebothintriguingandalarming.Astechnologyandtheglobalinfrastructureexpand,ideas,methods,andservicesaredevelopedanddisseminatedtogreaterandgreaternumbersofpeople.Asaresult,societiesandvaluesarealtered,someforthebetterandothersfortheworse.

1.Theauthorcomplainsthat（）.

2.Theanti-worldTradeOrganizationprotestsindicatethat（）.

3.Likeallrevolutionaryforces,theprocessofglobalization（）.

4.Proponentsofglobalizationsingitspraisesonthebasisof（）.

5.Tocritics,theworstthingthatglobalizationhasbroughttousis（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fewofushaveaclearideaabouttheforcesbehindglobalpoliticaleconomy

B.globalizationisnowsweepingtheworldwithincreasingspeed

C.wearepuzzledbythetruemeaningofglobalization

D.toomanypeopleusecellphonestologontotheInternet

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.manypeoplefeelthattheyhavebeenleftout

B.theprocessofglobalizationbringsmorethanfun,easeandentertainment

C.noteveryoneisconvincedthatglobalizationisagoodthing

D.theendofglobalizationhasbecomemoregraphic

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.bringsinexpensiveproducts

B.createsdisagreementsbetweenpeople

C.leadstoculturalchangeandharm

D.artificesthelivesofpeople

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.newtechnologiesandideas

B.changingeconomicsystemsandmanagement

C.relativeprosperityofWesterncountries

D.thisinevitabletideofhistory

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.thepromisesofAmericanmaterialwealth

B.therapidchangeinsocialsys