考研考博-英語-山東藥品食品職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山東藥品食品職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Theovercrowdedlivingconditions（）aheavystrainonthefamily.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.set

B.put

C.made

D.pressed

【答案】B

【解析】putaheavystrainonsb.為慣用搭配,指對(duì)某人來說是一個(gè)沉重的負(fù)擔(dān)。這里指：過度擁擠的生活條件給這個(gè)家庭造成了沉重的負(fù)擔(dān)。

2.單選題

Theyear1995washeraldedasthebeginningofthe“NewEconomy.”Digitalcommunicationwassettoupendmarketsandchangeeverything.Buteconomistsbyandlargedidn’tbuyintothehype.Itwasn’tthatwedidn’trecognizethatsomethingchanged.Itwasthatwerecognizedthattheoldeconomicslensremainedusefulforlookingatthechangestakingplace.Theeconomicsofthe“NewEconomy”couldbedescribedatahighlevel:Digitaltechnologywouldcauseareductioninthecostofsearchandcommunication.Thiswouldleadtomoresearch,morecommunication,andmoreactivitiesthatgotogetherwithsearchandcommunication.That’sessentiallywhathappened.

Todayweareseeingsimilarhypeaboutmachineintelligence.Butonceagain,aseconomists,webelievesomesimplerulesapply.Technologicalrevolutionstendtoinvolvesomeimportantactivitybecomingcheap,likethecostofcommunicationorfindinginformation.Machineintelligenceis,initsessence,apredictiontechnology,sotheeconomicshiftwillcenteraroundadropinthecostofprediction.

Thefirsteffectofmachineintelligencewillbetolowerthecostofgoodsandservicesthatrelyonprediction.Thismattersbecausepredictionisaninputtoahostofactivitiesincludingtransportation,agriculture,healthcare,energymanufacturing,andretail.

Whenthecostofanyinputfallssoprecipitously,therearetwootherwell-establishedeconomicimplications.First,wewillstartusingpredictiontoperformtaskswherewepreviouslydidn’t.Second,thevalueofotherthingsthatcomplementpredictionwillrise.

Asmachineintelligencelowersthecostofprediction,wewillbegintouseitasaninputforthingsforwhichweneverpreviouslydid.Forexample,withthetechnologicaladvanceinsemiconductors,thecostofcalculationdroppedsignificantly,soactivitiesforwhicharithmeticwasakeyinputbecamemuchcheaper.Consequently,inphotography,weshiftedfromafilm-oriented,chemistry-basedapproachtoadigital-oriented,arithmetic-basedapproach.

Whenthecostofafoundationalinputplummets,itoftenaffectsthevalueofotherinputs.Thevaluegoesupforcomplementsanddownforsubstitutes.Inthecaseofphotography,thevalueofthehardwareandsoftwarecomponentsassociatedwithdigitalcameraswentupasthecostofarithmeticdroppedbecausedemandincreased—wewantedmoreofthem.Thesecomponentswerecomplementstoarithmetic;theywereusedtogether.Incontrast,thevalueoffilm—relatedchemicalsfell—wewantedlessofthem.

Asmachineintelligenceimproves,thevalueofhumanpredictionskillswilldecreasebecausemachinepredictionwillprovideacheaperandbettersubstituteforhumanprediction,justasmachinesdidforarithmetic.However,thisdoesnotspelldoomforhumanjobs,asmanyexpertssuggest.That’sbecausethevalueofhumanjudgmentskillswillincrease.Usingthelanguageofeconomics,judgmentisacomplementtopredictionandthereforewhenthecostofpredictionfallsdemandforjudgmentrises.We’llwantmorehumanjudgment.

Forexample,whenpredictionischeap,diagnosiswillbemorefrequentandconvenient,andthuswe’lldetectmanymoreearly-stage,treatableconditions.Thiswillmeanmoredecisionswillbemadeaboutmedicaltreatment,whichmeansgreaterdemandfortheapplicationofethics,andforemotionalsupport,whichareprovidedbyhumans.Thelinebetweenjudgmentandpredictionisn’tclearcut—somejudgmenttaskswillevenbereframedasaseriesofpredictions.Yet,overallthevalueofprediction-relatedhumanskillswillfall,andthevalueofjudgment-relatedskillswillrise.

56.Thehighlightedword“hype”inParagraph2maybebestinterpretedas______.

57.Accordingtotheconsequencesofmachineintelligence,whichoneofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

58.InParagraph5,theauthormentionssemiconductorinorderto______.

59.Theinfluenceofmachineintelligenceuponhumanactivitiesisthat______.

60.Themostsuitabletitleforthismessageforthispassageis______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.carnival

B.exaggeration

C.leap

D.ecstasy

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thecostofproductsandservicesbasedonpredictionwillbereduced.

B.Somenewtaskswillbereframedaspredictionproblems.

C.Pricesofcomplementsthathelppredictionwillrise.

D.Thevalueofhumanjudgmentwilldecrease.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.showthattechnologyhasmademajorprogressinthearithmeticarea

B.explainwhyfilmphotographyisreplacedbydigitalphotography

C.illustratethattechnologicaladvanceswillreduceproductcosts

D.provethatthepricesofcomplementswillincrease

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thecostofhumanpredictionwillincrease

B.humanjudgmentwillbecomemorevaluable

C.machineintelligencewillreplacehumanjobs

D.peoplewillmakemoredecisionsonmedicaltreatment

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theeconomiceffectsofmachineintelligence

B.Machineintelligencevshumanprediction

C.Costreductionindigitaltechnology

D.Advancesinmachineintelligence

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】56.語義推測(cè)題。題干意思是“第二段中黑體字‘hype’一詞最好解釋為……”。文章第一段有提到hype這個(gè)單詞，Digitalcommunicationwassettoupendmarketsandchangeeverything.Buteconomistsbyandlargedidn’tbuyintothehype.（數(shù)字通信注定要顛覆市場(chǎng)，改變一切，但總的來說，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家并不接受這種炒作）；hype的本義是炒作，在這里是指前一句內(nèi)容過于“夸張，言過其實(shí)”；由此推斷第二段第一句Todayweareseeingsimilarhypeaboutmachineintelligence.（今天，我們看到了關(guān)于機(jī)器智能的類似炒作）中的hype也是同樣表示“夸張”的意思，所以B項(xiàng)“夸張”正確。A項(xiàng)“狂歡”、C項(xiàng)“飛躍”和D項(xiàng)“狂喜”都不符合語境。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

57.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。題干意思是“根據(jù)機(jī)器智能的影響，下面哪個(gè)陳述是不正確的？”。根據(jù)第三段第一句話Thefirsteffectofmachineintelligencewillbetolowerthecostofgoodsandservicesthatrelyonprediction.（機(jī)器智能的第一個(gè)作用將是降低依賴預(yù)測(cè)的商品和服務(wù)的成本）可知，基于預(yù)測(cè)的商品和服務(wù)成本會(huì)降低，故A項(xiàng)“基于預(yù)測(cè)的產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)成本將會(huì)降低”符合原文；從第四段第二句First,wewillstartusingpredictiontoperformtaskswherewepreviouslydidn’t.（首先，我們將開始使用預(yù)測(cè)來執(zhí)行以前沒有執(zhí)行的任務(wù)）可知，一些任務(wù)將被重新預(yù)測(cè)，B項(xiàng)“一些新的任務(wù)將被重新作為預(yù)測(cè)問題”正確；第四段第三句指出Second,thevalueofotherthingsthatcomplementpredictionwillrise.（其次，補(bǔ)充預(yù)測(cè)的其他東西的價(jià)值將會(huì)上升），可知C項(xiàng)“幫助預(yù)測(cè)的附加品價(jià)格將上升”也正確；D項(xiàng)“人類判斷的價(jià)值將會(huì)降低”不屬于機(jī)器智能的影響。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

58.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。題干意思是“在第五段中，作者提到半導(dǎo)體是為了……”。第五段第一句提到Asmachineintelligencelowersthecostofprediction,wewillbegintouseitasaninputforthingsforwhichweneverpreviouslydid.（隨著機(jī)器智能降低了預(yù)測(cè)的成本，我們將開始把它作為一種輸入，用于我們以前從未做過的事情），接著就引出了半導(dǎo)體發(fā)展所帶來的攝影方面的變革這一例證，由此可推斷，技術(shù)的進(jìn)步降低了產(chǎn)品的成本；C項(xiàng)“說明技術(shù)進(jìn)步會(huì)降低產(chǎn)品成本”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“表明技術(shù)在算術(shù)領(lǐng)域取得了重大進(jìn)步”和B項(xiàng)“解釋為什么膠片攝影被數(shù)碼攝影取代”是細(xì)節(jié)描述和舉例說明，不是引出半導(dǎo)體真正的目的；D項(xiàng)“證明附加品的價(jià)格將會(huì)增加”這是產(chǎn)品成本下降后的影響，不屬于提及半導(dǎo)體的原因。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

59.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。題干意思是“機(jī)器智能對(duì)人類活動(dòng)的影響是……”。第七段第一句指出Asmachineintelligenceimproves,thevalueofhumanpredictionskillswilldecrease（隨著機(jī)器智能的提高，人類預(yù)測(cè)技能的價(jià)值將會(huì)下降），結(jié)合倒數(shù)第二句Usingthelanguageofeconomics,judgmentisacomplementtopredictionandthereforewhenthecostofpredictionfallsdemandforjudgmentrises.（用經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的語言來說，判斷是預(yù)測(cè)的補(bǔ)充，因此，當(dāng)預(yù)測(cè)的成本下降時(shí)，判斷的價(jià)值就會(huì)上升）可知，人類預(yù)測(cè)技能價(jià)值下降，判斷價(jià)值會(huì)增加，所以B項(xiàng)“人類的判斷將變得更有價(jià)值”正確。A項(xiàng)“人類預(yù)測(cè)的成本將會(huì)增加”，如果預(yù)測(cè)成本增加，那么判斷價(jià)值就會(huì)下降，這與原文不符；第七段第二句提到However,thisdoesnotspelldoomforhumanjobs,asmanyexpertssuggest.（然而，這并不像許多專家所說的那樣意味著人類工作的末日）可以推斷，機(jī)器智能并不能完全取代人類的工作，所以C項(xiàng)“機(jī)器智能將取代人類的工作”錯(cuò)誤；D項(xiàng)“人們將在醫(yī)療上做出更多的決定”這只是用來對(duì)“人類的判斷將變得更有價(jià)值”而進(jìn)行的例證。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

60.主旨大意題。題干意思是“這篇文章最適合的標(biāo)題是……”。通讀全文，文章第一段提出了數(shù)字技術(shù)在“新經(jīng)濟(jì)”中帶來的影響，第二段引出智能機(jī)器，接著就詳細(xì)分析了機(jī)器智能對(duì)于市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)以及人類活動(dòng)的影響，因此可以判斷A項(xiàng)“機(jī)器智能的經(jīng)濟(jì)效應(yīng)”符合題意。B項(xiàng)“機(jī)器智能vs人類預(yù)測(cè)”、C項(xiàng)“數(shù)字技術(shù)的成本降低”和D項(xiàng)“機(jī)器智能的進(jìn)展”都只是在某個(gè)段落提及，不夠全面表達(dá)文章的內(nèi)容。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Conveniencefoodswhicharealreadypreparedforcookingareavailableingrocerystores.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ready

B.approachable

C.probable

D.obtainable

【答案】D

【解析】考查同義形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)ready“準(zhǔn)備好的，現(xiàn)成的，迅速的”；B選項(xiàng)approachable“可接近的，可到達(dá)的，易理解的”；C選項(xiàng)probable“很可能的，可信的”；D選項(xiàng)obtainable“能得到的，能獲得的”。句意：現(xiàn)成的方便食品可以在雜貨店買到。Available“可獲得的；可購(gòu)得的；可找到的；有空的”，所以D選項(xiàng)與該詞意思最相近，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.翻譯題

PutthefollowingIwopassagesintoChinese.

Eternaltruthswillbeneithertruenoreternalunlesstheyhavefreshmeaningforeverynewsocialsituation.Itisthefunctionofeducation,thefunctionofallofthegreatinstitutionsoflearningintheUnitedStales,toprovidecontinuityforournationallife—totransmittoyouththebestofourculturethathasbeentestedinthefireofhistory.Itisequallytheobligationofeducationtotrainthemindsandthetalentsofouryouth;toimprove,throughcreativecitizenship,ourAmericaninstitutionsinaccordwiththerequirementsofthefuture.Wecannotalwaysbuildthefutureforouryouth,butwecanbuildouryouthforthefuture.

Fameisverymuchlikeananimalchasingitstailwho,whenhecapturesit,doesnotknowwhatelsetodobuttocontinuechasingit.Fameandcelebritythataccompaniesit,forcethefamouspersontoparticipateinhisorherowndestruction.Ironic,isn’tit?Thosewhogainfamemostoftengainitasaresultofpossessingasingletalentorskill:singing,dancing,painting,orwriting,etc.Thesuccessfulperformerdevelopsastylethatismarketedaggressivelyandgainssomepopularity,anditisthispopularitythatusuallyconvincestheperformertocontinueperforminginthesamestyle,sincethatiswhatthepublicseemstowantandtoenjoy.Butintime,theperformerbecomesboredsingingthesamesongsinthesamewayyearafteryear,orthepainterbecomesboredpaintingsimilarscenesorportraits,ortheactoristiredofplayingthesamecharacterrepeatedly.Thedemandofthepublicholdstheartisttohisorherownsuccess,fame.Iftheartistattemptstochangehisorherstyleofwritingordancingorsinging,etc.,theaudiencemayturnawayandlooktoconferfameonanotherandthen,intime,onanother,andsoonandsoon.

【答案】永恒的真理如果不在新的社會(huì)形勢(shì)下賦予新的意義，它要么就不是真理，要么就不是永恒的。它是教育的功能，是美國(guó)所有偉大學(xué)府的功能，為我們國(guó)家的生活提供延續(xù)——把我們?cè)跉v史的烈火中經(jīng)受住考驗(yàn)的精華文化傳給年輕人。教育同樣有責(zé)任培養(yǎng)我們青年一代的思想和才能；通過創(chuàng)造性的公民身份來改善我們美國(guó)的制度，使之符合未來的要求。我們不能為我們青年創(chuàng)造未來，但是我們能針對(duì)未來造就我們的青年。

名譽(yù)很像一只追逐自己尾巴的動(dòng)物，在抓住之后除了繼續(xù)追逐外，不知道還有其它什么事可做。隨之而來的名望迫使名人參與到他/她自己的毀滅中。很諷刺，不是嗎？那些成名的人往往是因?yàn)閾碛心撤N才能或技能：唱歌，跳舞，繪畫或者寫作等。成功的表演者發(fā)展成一種風(fēng)格，在市場(chǎng)上非常受歡迎，正因?yàn)槭軞g迎，表演者繼續(xù)以同樣的風(fēng)格表演，因?yàn)檫@似乎是公眾想要并且所欣賞的。但隨著時(shí)間的推移，表演者厭倦了年復(fù)一年地用同樣的方式唱同一首歌，畫家厭倦了畫同樣的場(chǎng)景或者肖像或者演員不想再重復(fù)出演同樣的角色。公眾的需求使藝術(shù)家得以成名。如果這個(gè)藝術(shù)家試圖改變他/她的寫作、跳舞或者歌唱風(fēng)格等，觀眾可能會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)身把名譽(yù)給另外一個(gè)人，然后隨著時(shí)間的推移再給另一個(gè)人，如此反復(fù)下去。

5.單選題

Thepresidentialcandidate（）hispositionbywinningseveralprimaryelections.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.enforced

B.enriched

C.intensified

D.consolidated

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)enforce“實(shí)施，執(zhí)行，強(qiáng)制”，B項(xiàng)enrich“使充實(shí)，使肥沃”，C項(xiàng)intensify“增加，強(qiáng)化”，D項(xiàng)consolidate“鞏固，加強(qiáng)”。根據(jù)后面的hispositionbywinningseveralprimaryelections（通過贏得幾次初選而獲得職位）可知，空格部分表示“鞏固”。句意：這位總統(tǒng)候選人通過贏得幾次初選鞏固了自己的地位。故該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Howeverimportantwemayregardschoollifetobe,thereisnogainsayingthefactthatchildrenspendmoretimeathomethanintheclassroom.Thereforethegreatinfluenceofparentscannotbeignoredordiscountedbytheteacher.Theycanbecomestrongalliesoftheschoolpersonnelortheycanconsciouslyhinderandthwartcurricularobjectives.

Administratorshavebeenawareoftheneedtokeepparentsinformedofthenewermethodsusedinschools.Manyprincipalshaveconductedworkshopsexplainingsuchmattersasthereadingreadinessprogram,manuscriptwriting,anddevelopmentalmathematics.

Moreover,theclassroomteacher,withthepermissionofthesupervisors,canalsoplayanimportantroleinenlighteningparents.Themanyinterviewscarriedonduringtheyearsaswellasnewwaysofreportingpupilsprogress,cansignificantlyaidinachievingaharmoniousinterplaybetweenschoolandhome.

Toillustrate,supposethatafatherhasbeendrillingJuniorinarithmeticprocessesnightafternight.Inafriendlyinterview,theteachercanhelptheparentsublimatehisnaturalpaternalinterestintoproductivechannels.HemightbepersuadedtoletJuniorparticipateindiscussingthefamilybudget,buyingthefood,usingayardstickormeasuringcupathome,settingtheclock,calculatingmileageonatrip,andengaginginscoresofotheractivitiesthathaveamathematicalbasis.

Ifthefatherfollowstheadvice,itisreasonabletoassumethathewillsoonrealizehissonismakingsatisfactoryprogressinmathematicsand,atthesametime,enjoyingthework.

Toooften,however,teachers’conferenceswithparentsaredevotedtopettyaccountsofchildren’smisdemeanors,complaintsaboutlazinessandpoorworkhabits,andsuggestionsforpenaltiesandrewardsathome.

Whatisneededismorecreativeapproachinwhichtheteacher,asaprofessionaladviser,plantsideasinparents’mindsforthebestutilizationofthemanyhoursthatthechildspendsoutoftheclassroom.

Inthisway,theschoolandthehomejoinforcesinfosteringthefullestdevelopmentofyoungsters’capacities.

1.Thecentralideaconveyedinthepassageisthat（

）.

2.Theauthordirectlydiscussesthefactthat（

）.

3.Itcanreasonablybeinferredthattheauthor（

）.

4.Theauthorimpliesthat（

）.

5.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeinwritingthispassageisto（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hometrainingismoreimportantthanschooltrainingbecauseachildspendssomanyhourswithhisparents

B.teacherscanandshouldhelpparentstounderstandandfurthertheobjectivesoftheschool

C.parentsunwittinglyhavehinderedandthwartedcurricularobjectives

D.therearemanywaysinwhichthemathematicsprogramcanbeimplementedathome

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.parentsdrilltheirchildrentoomuchinarithmetic

B.principalshaveexplainedthenewartprogramstoparents

C.afathercanhavehissonhelphimconstructarticlesathome

D.aparent’smisguidedeffortscanberedirectedtoproperchannels

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.believesthatschoolsarelackinginguidancepersonnel

B.believespresentrelationshipsbetweenhomeandschoolaresatisfying

C.feelsthatthetraditionalprograminmathematicsisslightlysuperiortothedevelopmentalprogram

D.feelsthatparentteacherinterviewscanbemademuchmoreconstructivethantheyareatpresent.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.participationininterestingactivitiesrelatingtoaschoolsubjectimprovesone’sachievementinthatarea

B.schoolprincipalsdomorethantheirshareininterpretingthecurriculumtotheparents

C.onlyasmallpartoftheschooldayshouldbesetapartfordrillinginarithmetic

D.toomanychildrenarelazyandhavepoorworkhabits

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.tellparentstopaymoreattentiontotheguidanceofteachersinthematterofeducationalactivitiesinthehome

B.helpensurethateverychild’scapacitiescanfullydevelopwhenheleavesschool

C.urgeteachersandschooladministratorstomakeuseofamuchunderusedresourceoftheparents

D.improvetheteachingapproachinmathematicsinandoutsidetheclassroom

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:1.結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，第一段提出父母對(duì)孩子的影響是不容忽視的，接下來的內(nèi)容主要是討論如何幫助家長(zhǎng)理解并且推進(jìn)學(xué)校目標(biāo)的關(guān)鍵——教師。所以選項(xiàng)B更能概括全文。

2.根據(jù)第三段第一句“theclassroomteacher,withthepermissionofthesupervisors,canalsoplayanimportantroleinenlighteningparents.”課堂老師在得到上級(jí)允許的情況下，也可以起到啟發(fā)家長(zhǎng)的重要作用。第三段列舉了具體的例子，所以選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

3.根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容，作為一名專業(yè)顧問，教師最需要的是一種創(chuàng)造性的方法和家長(zhǎng)溝通，以便他們知道如何有效的利用孩子們的課外時(shí)間。由此可知，作者認(rèn)為教師和家長(zhǎng)之間的溝通可以更進(jìn)一步，更具有建設(shè)性意義。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

4.根據(jù)第四五段的內(nèi)容可知，作者暗示參加與學(xué)校課程有關(guān)的有趣活動(dòng)可以提高一個(gè)人在該領(lǐng)域的成就。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

5.根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容可知，本文強(qiáng)調(diào)父母的巨大影響不能被老師忽視或輕視，學(xué)校要和家庭聯(lián)合起來，合力促進(jìn)青少年能力的全面發(fā)展。所以作者寫這篇文章的目的是為了敦促教師和學(xué)校管理者利用家長(zhǎng)這個(gè)未得到充分利用的資源。選項(xiàng)C正確。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

7.單選題

Theydidnotfind______topreparefortheworstconditionstheymightmeet.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.worththeirwhile

B.itworthwhile

C.itworth

D.itworthy

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.worththeirwhile值得B.itworthwhile值得

C.itworth值得D.itworthy值得

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】固定搭配。

【解題思路】根據(jù)find可知，findit+adj.+todo是固定搭配，表示“發(fā)現(xiàn)干某事是……”，而worthwhile的搭配是itisworthwhiletodo（做某事是值得的），所以該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)不符合固定搭配；

C項(xiàng)worth要與doing搭配使用；

D項(xiàng)worthy要與of搭配使用。

【句意】他們覺得為可能遇到的最壞情況做準(zhǔn)備是不值得的。

8.單選題

Somerobotsmay______applythesetechniquestoinstallanewnetworkthereinthenearfuture.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.conceivably

B.unbelievable

C.unimaginably

D.unthinkably

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A項(xiàng)conceivably“可以想象的是，可以想得到的是”，B項(xiàng)unbelievable“難以置信的，不可信的”，C項(xiàng)unimaginably“難以想象地”，D項(xiàng)unthinkably“無法接受地”。句子的意思是“在不久的將來，一些機(jī)器人可能會(huì)應(yīng)用這些技術(shù)來安裝一個(gè)新的網(wǎng)絡(luò)”，那么由此可知，這種情況是“不敢想象地”，C項(xiàng)符合。句意：在不久的將來，一些機(jī)器人可能會(huì)意想不到地應(yīng)用這些技術(shù)來安裝一個(gè)新的網(wǎng)絡(luò)。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

9.單選題

TheEuropeanParliamenthasbannedtheterms“Miss”and“Mrs”theyoffendfemalemembers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.aslongas

B.themoment

C.sothat

D.incase

【答案】D

【解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。aslongas“只要”；themoment“一……就……”；sothat“所以，以便”；incase“萬一，假使”。句意：歐洲議會(huì)禁止使用“小姐”和“夫人”這兩個(gè)詞，以防它們冒犯女性議員。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.翻譯題

InrecentyearsWesternershavereassuredthemselvesandirritatedothersbyexpoundingthenotionthatthecultureoftheWestisandoughttobethecultureoftheworld.Thisconceittakestwoforms.OneistheCoca-colonizationthesis.ItsproponentsclaimthatWestern,andmorespecificallyAmerican,popularcultureisenvelopin—gtheworld:Americanfood,clothing,popmusic,movies,andconsumergoodsaremoreandmoreenthusiasticallyembracedbypeopleoneverycontinent.Theotherhastodowithmodernization.ItclaimsnotonlythattheWesthasledtheworldtomodernsociety,butthataspeopleinothercivilizationsmodernizetheyalsowesternize,abandoningtheirtraditionalvalues,institutions,andcustomsandadoptingthosethatprevailintheWest.Boththesesprojecttheimageofanemerginghomogeneous,universallyWesternworld—andbotharetovaryingdegreesmisguided,arrogant,false,anddangerous.AdvocatesoftheCoca-colonizationthesisidentifyculturewiththeconsumptionofmaterialgoods.Theheartofaculture,however,involveslanguage,religion,values，traditions，andcustoms.DrinkingCoca-ColadoesnotmakeRussiansthinklikeAmericansanymorethaneatingsushimakesAmericansthinklikeJapanese.Throughouthumanhistory,fadsandmaterialgoodshavespreadfromonesocietytoanotherwithoutsignificantlyalteringthebasiccultureoftherecipientsociety.EnthusiasmsforvariousitemsofChinese,Hindu,andothercultureshaveperiodicallyswepttheWesternworld,withnodiscerniblelastingspillover.TheargumentthatthespreadofpopcultureandconsumergoodsaroundtheworldrepresentsthetriumphofWesterncivilizationdepreciatesthestrengthofothercultureswhiletrivializingWesternculturebyidentifyingitwithfattyfoods,fadedpants,andfidrinks.TheessenceofWesterncultureistheMagnaCarta,nottheMagnaMac.

ThemodernizationargumentisintellectuallymoreseriousthantheCoca-colonizationthesis,butequallyflawed.

Thetremendousexpansionofscientificandengineeringknowledgethatoccurredinthenineteenthcenturyallowedhumanstocontrolandshapetheirenvironmentinunprecedentedways.Modernizationinvolvesindustrialization;urbanization;increasinglevelsofliteracy，education，wealth,andsocialmobilization;andmorecomplexanddiverseoccupationalstructures.ItisarevolutionaryprocesscomparabletotheshiftfromprimitivetocivilizedsocietiesthatbeganinthevalleysoftheTigrisandEuphrates,theNile,andtheIndusabout5000B.C.

Theattitudes,values,knowledge，andcultureofpeopleinamodernsocietydiffergreatlyfromthoseinatraditionalsociety.Asthefirstcivilizationtomodernize,theWestisthefirsttohavefiillyacquiredthecultureofmodernity.Asothersocietiestakeonsimilarpatternsofeducation,work,wealth,andclassstructure,themodernizationargumentruns,thisWesternculturewillbecometheuniversalcultureoftheworld.

【答案】近年來，西方國(guó)家的人大肆鼓吹這樣的觀點(diǎn)，西方的文化就是而且應(yīng)該是世界的文化，他們以此聊以自慰并使旁人深感不安。這一自負(fù)的觀點(diǎn)包含兩個(gè)形式。其中一種主題就是所謂可樂殖民主義理論。它的擁護(hù)者聲稱，西方的，更具體的說是美國(guó)的流行文化涵蓋了整個(gè)世界：美國(guó)的食物、衣服、流行音樂、電影院和消費(fèi)品，越來越受到其他大洲人民的熱情擁抱。另一種看法與現(xiàn)代化的概念有關(guān)。它的主張是：西方不僅作為世界進(jìn)入現(xiàn)代化社會(huì)的引領(lǐng)者，而且在那些被現(xiàn)代化了的文明中的人民，他們也被西方化了，他們放棄了自己的傳統(tǒng)價(jià)值觀、社會(huì)制度、習(xí)俗，并將這些融入到流行的西方文化中。

然而，文化的核心，還包含著語言、宗教、價(jià)值觀、傳統(tǒng)的和習(xí)俗。俄羅斯人喝可口可樂并不意味著他們會(huì)像美國(guó)人一樣思考，同樣的，美國(guó)人吃壽司也并不會(huì)讓他們像日本人一樣思考問題?？倲堈麄€(gè)人類歷史，時(shí)尚和商品從一個(gè)社會(huì)傳播到另外一個(gè)社會(huì)，但接收這些東西的社會(huì)的文化根基，并沒有出現(xiàn)值得注意的變化。

發(fā)生在19世紀(jì)的科學(xué)工程技術(shù)的驚人發(fā)展，使得人們以史無前例的方式控制和塑造他們的生存環(huán)境?，F(xiàn)代化包含工業(yè)化、城市化、不斷增長(zhǎng)的識(shí)字率、教育、財(cái)富和社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)的變化；以及更復(fù)雜、更多樣的職業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)。這種變革過程可以與發(fā)生在公元前5000年前，在兩河流域（底格里斯河、幼發(fā)拉底河）、尼羅河、印度河發(fā)生的從原始社會(huì)到文明社會(huì)的變革相媲美。

現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中人們的世界觀、價(jià)值觀、知識(shí)和文化與那些傳統(tǒng)社會(huì)的人們有很大不同。作為第一個(gè)現(xiàn)代化了的文明社會(huì)，西方也是第一個(gè)完全進(jìn)行了文化現(xiàn)代化的社會(huì)。

11.單選題

（

）inanatmosphereofsimplelivingwaswhatherparentswishedfor.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thegirl’sbeingeducated

B.Thegirltobeeducated

C.Thegirlbeingeducated

D.Thegirlhavingbeeneducated

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作主語。題干的中inanatmosphereofsimpleliving作地點(diǎn)狀語，what引導(dǎo)表語從句作從句的賓語，題干中是缺主語。B、C、D的主語都是thegirl，句子意思是在單純環(huán)境下接受教育的女孩是父母想要的，但是句子的本意應(yīng)該是女孩生活在單純的環(huán)境下接受教育是父母想要的，所以答案只能選A。

12.單選題

Hipreplacementsurgeryis（）jointreplacementsurgeryintheU.S.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thesinglemostfrequent

B.themostsinglefrequent

C.thesinglefrequent

D.asinglefrequent

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞排序。按照形容詞最高級(jí)用法，themost排在最前面，single表示種類，frequent表示頻率，處于常規(guī)形容詞排序之外，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

13.單選題

（）youarefamiliarwiththeauthor'sideas,tryreadingallthesectionsasquicklyasyoucan.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Nowthat

B.Sothat

C.Eversince

D.Aslongas

【答案】A

【解析】nowthat既然,由于,引導(dǎo)原因從句；sothat以便,所以；eversince自從...,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句；aslongas只要,如果,引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。句意：既然你熟悉作者的觀點(diǎn),試著盡快讀完所有的章節(jié)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

14.單選題

Inmanycountriestobaccoandmedicinearegovernment（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.control

B.monopoly

C.business

D.belongings

【答案】B

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指政府壟斷，選項(xiàng)B符合語境。

15.單選題

Thesewagesystemofthecity（）thewatersothatswimmingwasforbidden.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.diluted

B.diverted

C.culminated

D.contaminated

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)diluted“稀釋；削弱”；B選項(xiàng)diverted“轉(zhuǎn)移；使……轉(zhuǎn)向”；C選項(xiàng)culminated“使結(jié)束；達(dá)到頂點(diǎn)”；D選項(xiàng)contaminated“污染；弄臟”。句意：城市的污水系統(tǒng)……了這片水域，因此游泳被禁止。關(guān)鍵詞sewage“污水”和后面的結(jié)果swimmingwasforbidden“游泳被禁止了”由此可知是污水會(huì)污染這片水域。本句使用的是過去式，因此空格內(nèi)應(yīng)填入謂語動(dòng)詞的過去式。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

16.單選題

LinesoflatituderunhorizontallyandareparalleltotheEquatorandlinesoflongituderunvertically.They（）attheNorthandSouthPoles.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.converge

B.convoke

C.convoy

D.convulse

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)converge“使匯聚；聚集，靠攏”；B選項(xiàng)convoke“召集”；C選項(xiàng)convoy“護(hù)航；護(hù)送”；D選項(xiàng)convulse“震撼；使劇烈震動(dòng)；使抽搐”。句意：緯度線是水平的，與赤道平行，經(jīng)線是垂直的。它們?cè)谀蠘O和北極匯合。題干中提到“Linesoflatitude緯線”、“l(fā)inesoflongitude經(jīng)線”和“attheNorthandSouthPoles在南北極”，由此可推斷出“聚集”符合語境，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

17.問答題

Directions:Thispartconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Youmayhavetochangeaword,addaword,ordeleteaword.MarkoutthemistakesandputthecorrectionsintheblanksprovidedontheAnswerSheet.Ifyouchangeawordunderlineitand-writethecorrectwordinthecorrespondingBlank.Ifyouoddaword,putaninsertionmark,(/)intherightplaceantiwritethemissingwordinblank.Ifyouaddaword,underlineitandputaslash(/)intheblank.

【答案】1.other→another

2.shopping→shop

3.or→and

4.at→on

5.to→/

6.are→were

7.makes→making

8.without→away

9.mean→means

10.discourage→encourage

【解析】1.固定搭配。Oneanother互相。

2.詞性誤用。此句中由and并列連接不定式動(dòng)詞短語，因此，將shopping改為動(dòng)詞原形shop。

3.連詞誤用。并列連詞or表示選擇“或者”，and表示“然后，接著”。因此這里應(yīng)該用and。

4.固定搭配。bemadon對(duì)…著迷。

5.固定搭配。Makesb.dosth.使某人做某事。

6.語法題。這是由supposing(that)引導(dǎo)條件句，整句話是過去時(shí)態(tài)，因此，that從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞“aren’t”應(yīng)該改為“werenot”。

7.語法題。句子已經(jīng)有謂語動(dòng)詞was，因此動(dòng)詞make得變成非謂語動(dòng)詞。另外，make與邏輯主語company之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。而且，根據(jù)并列連詞and后面的非謂語形式“making”可知，此處要將makes改為making。

8.固定搭配。該處句意為:假設(shè)只有一個(gè)商店，你得買它所提供的東西，根據(jù)它的要求付錢，或者離開。你沒有真正的選擇。Goaway表示“走開，離開”，因此將without改為away。

9.語法題?？疾橹髦^一致。該句主語是不可數(shù)名詞“competition(競(jìng)爭(zhēng))”。因此謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用三單形式。

10.動(dòng)詞誤用。前面句意為:供應(yīng)商之間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)意味著消費(fèi)者可以獲得更好的交易；消費(fèi)者的選擇是影響產(chǎn)品的重要手段。因此此處應(yīng)該表示的是“消費(fèi)者鼓勵(lì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”。

18.單選題

Hecarriedapalebonewhichhekeptthrowingoutintotheduneforthebirddogto______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.cast

B.trace

C.chase

D.retrieve

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)cast“扔，擲，拋”；B選項(xiàng)trace“尋找到，追蹤”；C選項(xiàng)chase“追趕，追捕”；D選項(xiàng)retrieve“（從不屬于某物應(yīng)該在的地方）找回，取回”。句意：他拿著一根白骨，不斷把它扔到沙丘里，讓獵鳥犬去______。骨頭被反復(fù)扔到沙丘里，就是為了讓狗去取回，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Thehumanvoiceoftensounds（）onthephone.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.twisted

B.irregular

C.deformed

D.distorted

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)twistedadj.扭曲的；B選項(xiàng)irregularadj.不規(guī)則的，無整齊的；C選項(xiàng)deformedadj.丑陋的，畸形的；D選項(xiàng)distortedadj.歪曲的，失真的，受到曲解的。根據(jù)humanvoice可知，D項(xiàng)符合搭配。句意：人聲在電話里聽起來總是有些失真。

20.單選題

MynieceAliceis（）inherwayoflivingandalwaysspendsmoremoneythanisreasonable.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.luxurious

B.distinguished

C.extravagant

D.sophisticated

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)luxurious“奢侈的，豐富的，放縱的”；B選項(xiàng)distinguished“卓越的，著名的，高貴的”；C選項(xiàng)extravagant“奢侈的，浪費(fèi)的，過度的”，更加傾向于具體的行為舉止；D選項(xiàng)sophisticated“復(fù)雜的，精致的，久經(jīng)世故的”。句意；我的侄女愛麗絲生活（），總是亂花錢。而這里描述的是Alice的生活方式很奢侈，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

21.單選題

The____oftestsintheUnitedStatesinstitutionscanbeanewandfrighteningexperienceformanyforeignstudents.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.presence

B.frequency

C.efficiency

D.confidence

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.presence存在；出席B.frequency發(fā)生率；出現(xiàn)率

C.efficiency效率；效能D.confidence信心；信任

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】句意：對(duì)許多外國(guó)學(xué)生來說，美國(guó)教育機(jī)構(gòu)考試的……可能是一種新的可怕的經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該是這些考試的存在讓外國(guó)學(xué)生感到害怕。因此選A。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)均不符合句意。

【句意】對(duì)許多外國(guó)學(xué)生來說，在美國(guó)院校進(jìn)行考試可能是一種新的、令人恐懼的經(jīng)歷。

22.單選題

Likemanyotheraspectsofthecomputerage,Yahoobeganasanidea,（1）intoahobbyandlatelyhas（2）intoafull-timepassion.ThetwodevelopersofYahoo,DavidFiloandJerryYang,Ph.Dcandidates（3）ElectricalEngineeringatStanfordUniversity,startedtheirguideinApril1994asawaytokeep（4）oftheirpersonalinterestontheInternet.Beforelongthey（5）thattheirhomebrewedlistswerebecomingtoolongand（6）.GraduallytheybegantospendmoreandmoretimeonYahoo.

During1994,they（7）Yahoointoacustomizeddatabasedesignedto（8）theneedsofthethousandsofusers（9）begantousetheservicethroughtheclosely（10）Internetcommunity.Theydevelopedcustomizedsoftwaretohelpthem（11）locate,identifyandeditmaterial（12）ontheInternet.ThenameYahoois（13）tostandfor“YetAnotherHierarchicalOfficiousOrale”,butFiloandYanginsisttheyselectedthe（14）becausetheyconsideredthemselvesYahoos.Yahooitselffirst（15）onYang’sworkstation,“akebono”,whilethesearchenginewas（16）onFilo’scomputer,“Konishiki".

Inearly1995MarcAndersen,co-founderofNetscapeCommunicationinMountainView,California,invitedFiloandYangtomovetheirfiles（17）tolargercomputers（18）atNetscape.AsaresultStanford’scomputernetworkreturnedto（19）,andbothpartiesbenefited.Today,Yahoo（20）organizedinformationontensofthousandsofcomputerslinkedtotheweb.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.became

B.grew

C.turn

D.intend

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.made

B.saw

C.looked

D.turned

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.on

C.about

D.for

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.touch

B.contact

C.track

D.record

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.founded

B.found

C.argued

D.reported

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.unwieldy

B.tough

C.tamable

D.invaluable

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.exchanged

B.shank

C.sold

D.converted

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.explain

B.serve

C.discover

D.evaluate

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.which

B.that

C.actually

D.eagerly

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.relative

B.interactive

C.bound

D.contacted

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.fluently

B.efficiently

C.exactly

D.actually

問題12選項(xiàng)

A