考研考博-英語-上海交通職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-上海交通職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.寫作題

Directions:Thepassagecontainstenerrors.Eachindicatedlinecontainsamaximumofoneerror.Ineachcase,onlyonewordisinvolved.Youshouldproofreadthepassage,trytodetecttheerrorsandwritedownyourcorrectionsontheanswersheet.

【答案】答：

1.no改為not

2.place改為land

3.started改為start

4.working改為work

5.Anyone改為Everyone

6.but去掉

7.before改為after

8.But改為And

9.it改為they

10.housethe中間加入as

【解析】1.【解題思路】no是形容詞，后面要跟名詞，sweet是形容詞，所以要用副詞not修飾，故把no改為not。

2.【解題思路】該句意思是“是找一塊地，為家人蓋一所房子”，而place表示“地方”，指某個(gè)位置或地點(diǎn)，不和apieceof（一塊）搭配，所以要把place改為land。

3.【解題思路】started和前面的find與build都是并列動(dòng)詞，放在不定式to的后面，所以started要用原形start。

4.【解題思路】working和前面的live是并列動(dòng)詞，live用的原形，所以working同樣要用動(dòng)詞原形work。

5.【解題思路】Anyone多用于否定句或疑問句中，此處是肯定句，所以要把Anyone改為Everyone。

6.【解題思路】這一句的句首用了although表示讓步，那么后面不需要再用but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，英語中although和but不能出現(xiàn)在同一個(gè)句子中，所以把but去掉。

7.【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息WhenU.Ssoldierscamehome（當(dāng)美國士兵回國時(shí)）可知，這是發(fā)生在二戰(zhàn)之后，而不是之前，所以要把before改為after。

8.【解題思路】But表示前后句意是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，前文說“美國士兵回國時(shí)夢想著買房子，組建家庭”，后文說“住宅建設(shè)出現(xiàn)了巨大的繁榮”，前后文明顯是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，所以要把but改為and。

9.【解題思路】it指代的是前面提到的Thenewhouses（新房子），是復(fù)數(shù)，所以it也要改為表示復(fù)數(shù)的代詞they。

10.【解題思路】regard…as是固定搭配，表示“把……看作是”，所以要在house后面加上介詞as。

2.單選題

Hehadwanteda25%raiseinpay,butaftertalkingtohisboss,hedecidedthata5%raisewouldhaveto（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.suffice

B.satisfy

C.gratify

D.delight

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。suffice“足夠；足以”；satisfy“滿意；令人滿意”；gratify“使?jié)M足”；delight“高興；使高興”，在經(jīng)過和他老板談話之后他覺得可以接收5%的漲薪，將漲薪25%與漲薪5%相比，5%只可以說是夠的，可以接受的。句意：他原想漲薪25%，但是經(jīng)過與他老板談話之后，他決定漲5%就……。故正確答案為選項(xiàng)A。

3.單選題

AbustookhimtotheWestEnd,where,amongthecrazycoloredfountainsofillumination,shatteringtheblueduskwithgreenandcrimsonfire,hefoundthecaféofhischoice,atea-shopthathadgonemadandturned.Babylonian,awhitepalacewithtenthousandlights.Itstoweredabovetheotherbuildinglikeacitadel,whichindeeditwas,theoutpostofanewage,perhapsanewcivilization,perhapsanewbarbarism;andbehindthethinmarblefrontwereconcreteandsteel,justasbehindthecarelessprofusionofluxuryweremillionsofpence,balancedtothelasthalfpenny.Somewhereinthebackground,hiddenaway,behindthetenthousandlightsandacresofwhitenaperyandbewilderingglitteringrowsofteapots,behindthethousandwaitressesandcash-boxgirlsandblack-coatedfloormanagersandtemperamentallong-hairedviolinists,behindthemoundsofcauldronsofstewedsteak,thevanloadsofices,wereafewmenwhowenttoworkjugglingwithfractionsofafarming,whoknewhowmanyunitsofelectricityittooktofinishasteak-and-kidneypuddingandhowmanyminutesandsecondsawaitress(fivefeetfourinheightandinaveragehealth)wouldneedtocarryatrayofgivenweightfromthekitchenlifetothetableinthefarcomer.Inshort,therewasawarm,sensuous,vulgarlifefloweringintheupperstoreys,andacoldscienceworkinginthebasement.Suchasthegigantictea-shopintowhichTurgismarched,insearchnotofmererefreshmentbutofalltheenchantmentofunfamiliarluxury.Perhapsheknewinhisheartthatmenhaveconqueredhalftheknownworld,lootedwholekingdoms,andneverarrivedinsuchluxury.Theplacewasbuiltforhim.

Itwasbuiltforagreatmanyotherpeopletoo,and,asusual,theywereallthere.Itseemedwithhumanity.Themarbleentrancehall,pileddizzilywithbonbonsandcakes,wasascrowdedandbustlingasarailwaystation.Thegloomandgrimeofthestreets,therawair,allNovember,wereatonceleftbehind,forgotten:theatmosphereinsidewasgolden,tropical,belongingtosomehighmid-summerofconfectionery.Disdainingthelifts,Turgis,oncemoreexcitedbythesight,sound,andsmellofitall,climbedthewidestaircaseuntilhereachedhisfavoritefloor,whereanorchestra,ledbyayoungJewishviolinistwithwanderinglustrouseyesandapassionfortremoloeffects,actedasamagnettoathousandgirls,scentedair,thesensuousclamorofthestrings;and,ashestoodhesitatingamoment,halfdazed,therecame,bowing,asleekgraveman,olderthanhewasandfarmoredistinguishedthanhecouldeverhopetobe,whomurmureddeferentially:“Forone,sir?Thisway,please,”Shyly,yetproudly,Turgisfollowedhim.

1.That“behindthethinmarblefrontwereconcreteandsteel”suggeststhat（）.

2.Thefollowingwordsorphrasesaresomewhatcriticalofthetea-shopEXCEPT（）.

3.Initscontextthestatementthat“theplacewasbuiltforhim”meansthatthecaféwasintendedto（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthesecondparagraphisNOTtrue?

5.ThefollowingarecomparisonsmadebytheauthorinthesecondparagraphEXCEPTthat（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.modernrealisticcommercialismexistedbehindtheluxuriousappearance

B.therewasafundamentalfalsenessinthestyleandtheappealofthecafé

C.thearchitecthadmadeasensibleblendofoldandnewbuildingmaterials

D.thecaféwasbasedonphysicalfoundationsandrealeconomicstrength

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.“...turnedBabylonian”

B.“perhapsanewbarbarism”

C.“acresofwhitenapery”

D.“balancedtothelasthalfpenny”

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.pleasesimplepeopleinasimpleway

B.exploitgulliblepeoplelikehim

C.satisfyademandthatalreadyexisted

D.providerelaxationfortiredyoungmen

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thecaféappealedtomostsensessimultaneously.

B.Thecaféwasbothfullofpeopleandfullofwarmth.

C.Theinsideofthecaféwascontrastedwiththeweatheroutside.

D.Itstressedthecommercialdeterminationofthecaféowners.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theentrancehalliscomparedtoarailwaystation

B.theorchestraiscomparedtoamagnet

C.Turgiswelcomedtheliftlikeaconqueringsoldier

D.theinteriorofthecaféiscomparedtowarmcountries

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題干：“behindthethinmarblefrontwereconcreteandsteel”，代表著_________。由引號部分的內(nèi)容，可以定位到文章第一段第三句話Itstoweredabovetheotherbuildinglikeacitadel,whichindeeditwas，theoutpostofanewage,perhapsanewcivilization，perhapsanewbarbarism;andbehindthethinmarblefrontwereconcreteandsteel,justasbehindthecarelessprofusionofluxuryweremillionsofpence,balancedtothelasthalfpenny.（它像城堡一樣高聳于其他建筑之上，確實(shí)是一個(gè)新時(shí)代的前哨，也許是一種新的文明，也許是一種新的野蠻；在薄大理石的后面是混凝土和鋼鐵，就像在奢侈的背后是數(shù)百萬便士，平衡到最后的半便士。）。根據(jù)上下文，it指代的是上文的awhitepalace.“justas”引導(dǎo)一個(gè)比較狀語從句，把“behindthethinmarblefrontwereconcreteandsteel”與“behindthecarelessprofusionofluxuryweremillionsofpence,balancedtothelasthalfpenny”進(jìn)行比較。采用了象征的手法，“thinmarblefront”象征著外貌浮華，實(shí)則脆弱，“concreteandsteel”，象征著本質(zhì)現(xiàn)實(shí)，與商業(yè)無差。所以我們可以得出選項(xiàng)A“奢華外表的背后是現(xiàn)代現(xiàn)實(shí)主義的商業(yè)主義”，符合題意。B選項(xiàng)“咖啡館的風(fēng)格和魅力存在一個(gè)基本的虛偽”和D選項(xiàng)“咖啡館是基于物理基礎(chǔ)和真實(shí)的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力”，都是在說咖啡館的特征，故不符合題意。C選項(xiàng)“建筑師將新舊建筑材料合理地混合在一起”，此處不是在講建筑材料，而是通過建筑材料引申出更深刻的含義，故C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是A選項(xiàng)。

2.推理判斷題。題干：以下單詞除了______，都是在批判茶館。A選項(xiàng)的單詞可以定位到文章第一段第一、二句atea-shopthathadgonemadandturned.Babylonian,awhitepalacewithtenthousandlights.（一家已經(jīng)瘋了，變了樣的茶館。巴比倫，一座有萬盞燈的白色宮殿），Babylonian用于限定茶館，是一處用典，表示罪惡的、富麗的與critical意義一致，故排除A選項(xiàng)。B選項(xiàng)的單詞可以定位到文章第一段第三句話Ittoweredabovetheotherbuildinglikeacitadel,whichindeeditwas,theoutpostofanewage,perhapsanewcivilization,perhapsanewbarbarism;（它像城堡一樣高聳于其他建筑之上，確實(shí)是一個(gè)新時(shí)代的前哨，也許是一種新的文明，也許是一種新的野蠻），此處barbarism和civilization是對比關(guān)系，僅表達(dá)中性價(jià)值，故B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)的單詞定位到文章第一段第四句Somewhereinthebackground,hiddenaway,behindthetenthousandlightsandacresofwhitenaperyandbewilderingglitteringrowsofteapots（在背后的某個(gè)地方，隱藏在萬盞燈、大片的白色桌布和一排排令人眼花繚亂的閃閃發(fā)光的茶壺后面），此處體現(xiàn)了鋪張浪費(fèi)，表達(dá)作者的批評，故排除C選項(xiàng)。D選項(xiàng)的單詞可以定位到文章第一段第三句話justasbehindthecarelessprofusionofluxuryweremillionsofpence,balancedtothelasthalfpenny.（就像在奢侈的背后是數(shù)百萬便士，平衡到最后的半便士。），此處象征著奢華外表的背后是現(xiàn)代現(xiàn)實(shí)主義的商業(yè)主義，也是批判的含義，故排除。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是B選項(xiàng)。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：文中的“theplacewasbuiltforhim”意味著咖啡館的目的是________。根據(jù)題干定位到第一段最后兩句話Suchasthegigantictea-shopintowhichTurgismarched,insearchnotofmererefreshmentbutofalltheenchantmentofunfamiliarluxury.Perhapsheknewinhisheartthatmenhaveconqueredhalftheknownworld,lootedwholekingdoms,andneverarrivedinsuchluxury.Theplacewasbuiltforhim.（比如Turgis建造的巨大的茶館，不僅僅是為了尋找茶點(diǎn)，而是為了尋找所有不熟悉的奢侈品的魅力。也許他心里知道，人類已經(jīng)征服了半個(gè)已知的世界，掠奪了整個(gè)王國，卻從未有過這樣的奢侈。這地方是為他建造的），咖啡館的性質(zhì)是它富麗堂皇，鋪張浪費(fèi)如宮殿，商業(yè)性強(qiáng)。本文全文都是對他的批判。A選項(xiàng)“以簡單的方式愉悅?cè)藗儭?，咖啡館并不簡單，而是奢侈，所以A選項(xiàng)不正確。B選項(xiàng)“利用像他這樣容易上當(dāng)?shù)娜恕保项}目對咖啡館批判的性質(zhì)，故B選項(xiàng)符合題意。C選項(xiàng)“滿足已經(jīng)存在的需求”，和D選項(xiàng)“為疲憊的年輕人提供放松”，在文中并未提及。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是B選項(xiàng)。

4.推理判斷題。題干：以下關(guān)于第二段的陳述，不正確的是？文章第二段提到當(dāng)走到咖啡館內(nèi)部時(shí)，分別從視覺，嗅覺，聽覺的方面描述了內(nèi)部的情景，所以A選項(xiàng)“咖啡館同時(shí)吸引了大多數(shù)感官”，符合題意。B選項(xiàng)“咖啡館既充滿了人，又充滿了溫暖”，第二段并沒有提及咖啡館里面有沒有人，而溫暖也是由于其奢侈的裝修帶來的視覺感受，是一種諷刺，所以B選項(xiàng)不正確。第二段第三句話Thegloomandgrimeofthestreets,therawair,allNovember,wereatonceleftbehind,forgotten:theatmosphereinsidewasgolden,tropical,belongingtosomehighmid-summerofconfectionery.（整個(gè)11月，街道上的陰暗、污濁和空氣都立刻被拋在腦后，遺忘了。屋里的氣氛是金黃的、熱帶的，像是糖果店的盛夏時(shí)節(jié)。），可知，C選項(xiàng)“咖啡館的內(nèi)部與外面的天氣形成了鮮明的對比”，正確。通過第二段整個(gè)的描述，都是在說咖啡館內(nèi)部的奢華，故D選項(xiàng)“它強(qiáng)調(diào)了咖啡館老板的商業(yè)決心”，也是正確的。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是B選項(xiàng)。

5.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：以下是作者在第二段所做的類比，除了_________。由題干定位到文章第二段第一句話Itwasbuiltforagreatmanyotherpeopletoo,and,asusual,theywereallthere.Itseemedwithhumanity.Themarbleentrancehall,pileddizzilywithbonbonsandcakes,wasascrowdedandbustlingasarailwaystation.（它還為許多其他的人建造，像往常一樣，他們都在那里。這似乎是人性的表現(xiàn)。大理石門廳里堆滿了令人眼花繚亂的糖果和蛋糕，擁擠得像火車站一樣。），可知A選項(xiàng)“入口大廳被比作一個(gè)火車站”，是作者做的比較，排除A選項(xiàng)。文章第二段第五句話whereanorchestra,ledbyayoungJewishviolinistwithwanderinglustrouseyesandapassionfortremoloeffects,actedasamagnettoathousandgirls（一個(gè)年輕的猶太小提琴家?guī)ьI(lǐng)著一支管弦樂隊(duì)，他有著明亮的眼睛，對顫音的熱情，像磁鐵一樣吸引著無數(shù)女孩），可知B選項(xiàng)“管弦樂隊(duì)被比作一塊磁鐵”，也是作者用的比喻，排除B選項(xiàng)。由文章第二段第四句話theatmosphereinsidewasgolden,tropical,belongingtosomehighmid-summerofconfectionery（里面的氣氛是金黃色的，充滿了熱帶氣息，像是糖果店的盛夏時(shí)節(jié)），可知D選項(xiàng)“咖啡館的內(nèi)部被比作溫暖的國家”，也是作者的比喻，故排除D選項(xiàng)。由第二段第五句話Disdainingthelifts,Turgis,oncemoreexcitedbythesight,sound,andsmellofitall,climbedthewidestaircaseuntilhereachedhisfavoritefloor（Turgis對電梯不屑一顧，他再一次為這一切的景象、聲音和氣味而興奮，爬上寬大的樓梯，一直走到他最喜歡的樓層），可知B選項(xiàng)“Turgis像一名勝利的士兵一樣歡迎電梯的到來”，不正確。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是B選項(xiàng)。

4.單選題

Everyoneknowsthatthespeedofanairplane___thatofaship.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.transplants

B.transfers

C.transcends

D.transforms

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.transplants移植B.transfers轉(zhuǎn)移

C.transcends勝過，超越D.transforms轉(zhuǎn)換

【考查點(diǎn)】形近詞辨析。

【解題思路】空格處的that指代的是speed，也就是說比較飛機(jī)與船的速度。C選項(xiàng)transcends“勝過，超越”符合句子邏輯。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D選項(xiàng)均無法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】大家都知道飛機(jī)的速度快于輪船的速度。

5.單選題

11.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thechemistryhomeworkisdifficult.

B.Thechemistryhomeworkisfun.

C.Themathhomeworkisdifficult.

D.Themathhomeworkisfun.

【答案】A

【解析】M:Catherine,howisthemathhomeworkcoming?

W:That’sapieceofcake.Butthechemistryhomeworkisreallyahardnuttocrack.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

【解析】對話中女士說數(shù)學(xué)作業(yè)apieceofcake，即“小菜一碟”，但是chemistryhomeworkisreallyahardnuttocrack，即化學(xué)作業(yè)非常棘手。

6.單選題

ToreturnGermanpropertytoGermanyiscertainlyjustand____.However,toclaimthatthepaintingsofRembrandandVermeerarepartofGermany’sculturalheritageoverstatesthematter.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.decent

B.exhilarating

C.eruptive

D.combative

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.decent體面的；正派的B.exhilarating令人高興或興奮的

C.eruptive爆發(fā)的D.combative好戰(zhàn)的

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】修飾語與被修飾語的搭配

【解題思路】空格處所填的形容詞修飾的是“把德國的財(cái)產(chǎn)還給德國”這件事，能修飾這件事的是B選項(xiàng)exhilarating“令人高興或興奮的”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)decent指人正直的、正派的，或人的行為舉止得體的、體面的，或某物像樣的、體面的，與被修飾語搭配不當(dāng)；

C選項(xiàng)eruptive“爆發(fā)的”，與被修飾語搭配不當(dāng)；

D選項(xiàng)combative“好戰(zhàn)的”，與被修飾語搭配不當(dāng)。

【句意】把德國的財(cái)產(chǎn)歸還德國當(dāng)然是公正的、令人高興的。然而，聲稱倫勃朗（Rembrand）和維米爾（Vermeer）的畫作是德國文化遺產(chǎn)的一部分，就言過其實(shí)了。

7.單選題

Bribery（）theconfidencethatmustexistbetweenbuyerandseller.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.aggravates

B.deteriorates

C.corrodes

D.degenerates

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A:aggravates“加重，使惡化；使惱火”；B:deteriorates“惡化，變壞”；C:corrodes“（漸漸）損害；（一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地）損傷”；D:degenerates“使退化；惡化；使變質(zhì)”。句意：賄賂傷害了買賣雙方必須存在的信任。根據(jù)句意及動(dòng)賓搭配可知C最合適。

8.單選題

We'veknownforalongtimeahigh-fatdiet,obesityandlackofexercisecanincreasetheriskofdevelopingheartdiseaseandtype2diabetes,twoconditionsaffectingmillionsofAmericans.Whatwearefindingoutnowisthosesamelifestylefactorsalsoplayanimportantroleincancer.That'sthebadnews.Thegoodnewsisyoucandosomethingaboutyourlifestyle.Ifwegrewthinner,exercisedregularly,avoideddietsrichinredmeatandatedietsrichinfruitsandvegetables,andstoppedusingtobacco,wewouldprevent70percentofallcancers.

Thestrongestevidenceoftheimportanceoflifestyleincancerismostcommoncancersariseatdramaticallydifferentratesindifferentpartsoftheglobe.SeveralcancersthatareextremelycommonintheUnitedStates—colon,prostateandbreastcancer—arerelativelyrareinotherpartsoftheworld,occurringonly1/10or1/20asoften.Equallystriking,whenpeoplemigratefromotherpartsoftheworldtotheUnitedStates,withinagenerationtheircancerratesapproachthoseofuswhosefamilieshavelivedinthiscountryforalongtime.Evenifpeopleinotherpartsoftheworldliveintheirowncountries,butadoptaU.S.lifestyle,theirriskofcancerrises;asJapanesehaveembracedWesternhabits,theirratesofcolon,breastandprostatecancerhaveskyrocketed.

Whatisitaboutourlifestylethatraisestheriskofmanytypesofcancer?ThemainculpritsseemtobetheWesterndiet,obesityandphysicalinactivity.Whilewe'veknownabouttheimportanceoftobaccoandcancerformorethan50years,wearejustbeginningtounderstandhowdiet,ahealthybodyweightandregularexercisecanprotectusagainstcancer.

AstrikingexampleoftheprofoundinfluenceofdietwasreportedlastsummerinTheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation.Doctorsdeterminedtheeatinghabitsofpatientswithcoloncancerintheyearsfollowingsurgicalremovalofthecancer.Overthenextfiveyears,thosewhoateatraditionalWesterndiethadathreefoldgreaterlikelihoodofdevelopingarecurrenceofthediseasethandidthosewhoatea“prudent”dietrichinfruitsandvegetablesandincludingonlysmallamountsofredmeat.Howhaddietaffectedthesepatients?Thesurgeryclearlyhadnotremovedalltheircolon-cancercells:priortothesurgery,somecellshadalreadyspreadfromtheprimarytumor.TheWesterndiethadsomehowstimulatedthegrowthofthesesmalldepositsofresidualcancercells.

ObesityisthesecondmostimportantfactorincausingcancerinWesternpopulationsaftertobacco.Thereisevidencethatmaintainingahealthyweightisprotectiveagainstthedisease.AstudybytheAmericanCancerSocietyin2003foundtheheaviestpeople,incomparisonwiththeleanest,hadasignificantlyincreasedriskofdeathfrom10differentkindsofcancerinmen,and12differentkindsinwomen.Themostextremeexampleswerelivercancerinmenanduterinecancerinwomen.

1.AccordingtoParagraph2,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

2.ThestrikingexampleinTheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociationaimstoprove（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementistrueastoparagraph5?

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichonehasthehighestprobabilityinresultingincancer?

5.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.TherateofseveralextremelycommoncancersintheU.Sishigherby1/10or1/20.

B.Differentratesofmostcommoncancersindifferentregionsresultfromdifferentlifestyles.

C.PeoplewhomigratetotheUnitedStateshavehighcancerratesafterageneration.

D.Ifpeopleoutofthewesternworldstayathometheirriskorcancerwon’trise.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.surgicalremovalisnotreliablebecauseitcouldnoteliminateallcancercellsofcoloncancer.

B.thefiveyearsfollowingsurgeiyisdangerousinthatthereismuchlikehoodtohaverecurrence.

C.TheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociationoftenreportsthelatestdiscoveryinscience.

D.Westerndiet,insomeuncertainway,excitesthegrowthofcancercellsafterthesurgery.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Accordingtoastudy,theheaviestpeoplearemostlikelytodieoflivercancer.

B.Theheaviestmenarelikelytodieofmorekindsofcancersthantheheaviestwomen.

C.Scientistspredictthattheheaviestpeoplearemorelikelytodieofcancers.

D.TobaccoisthemostimportantfactorincausingcancerinWesternpopulations.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Obesity,westerndietandhabitat.

B.Obesity,lackofexercisesandwesterndiet.

C.Obesity,lackofexercisesandtype2diabetes.

D.Westerndiet,lackofexercisesandheartdisease.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.HowtoCureCancer

B.ObesityandCancer

C.DietandCancer

D.LifestyleandCancer

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“根據(jù)第二段可知下面哪個(gè)表述是正確的？”文章第二段第一句話提到“生活方式在癌癥形成方面的重要性的最有力的證據(jù)是：大多數(shù)常見癌癥在全球不同地區(qū)的發(fā)病率存在顯著差異”（Thestrongestevidenceoftheimportanceoflifestyleincancerismostcommoncancersariseatdramaticallydifferentratesindifferentpartsoftheglobe），由此可知選項(xiàng)B“不同地區(qū)最常見癌癥的不同發(fā)病率是由不同的生活方式引起的”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“《美國醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)雜志》上刊登的這個(gè)引人注目的例子是為了證明……”。文章第四段最后一句話提到“西方飲食以某種方式刺激了這些殘留癌細(xì)胞的生長”（TheWesterndiethadsomehowstimulatedthegrowthofthesesmalldepositsofresidualcancercells），因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“下列哪項(xiàng)表述是正確的？”文章第五段第一句話提到“在西方國家，肥胖是導(dǎo)致癌癥的第二大因素，僅次于煙草”（TheWesterndiethadsomehowstimulatedthegrowthofthesesmalldepositsofresidualcancercells），因此可知煙草是致癌的最重要因素，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“根據(jù)這篇文章，哪一個(gè)最有可能導(dǎo)致癌癥？”文章第一段提到“我們現(xiàn)在發(fā)現(xiàn)同樣的生活方式因素在癌癥中也起著重要的作用”（Whatwearefindingoutnowisthosesamelifestylefactorsalsoplayanimportantroleincancer），這些生活方式指得是ahigh-fatdiet,obesityandlackofexercise，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.主旨大意題。題目問的是“最適合文章的標(biāo)題是哪一項(xiàng)？”文章第一段提到高脂肪飲食、肥胖和缺乏鍛煉這些生活方式在癌癥的形成方面扮演一個(gè)重要的角色，隨后的內(nèi)容都是對此進(jìn)行論述，由此可知整篇文章都是在講述生活方式與癌癥的關(guān)系，因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

9.單選題

Thenewsitemaboutthefireisfollowedbyadetailedreportmade（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.onthelocation

B.onthesite

C.onthespot

D.ontheground

【答案】C

【解析】短語辨析。句意：火災(zāi)的新聞之后是一份詳細(xì)的現(xiàn)場報(bào)告。因此選C。

10.單選題

Inasudden______ofanger,themantoreupeverythingwithinreach.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.attack

B.burst

C.split

D.blast

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)attack“攻擊；抨擊；動(dòng)手干”；B選項(xiàng)burst“爆炸；戳破；爆裂；（器官或血管）爆裂；裝滿；充滿感情；突然爆發(fā)（某種感情）”；C選項(xiàng)split“分離；使分離；劈開；離開；分解”；D選項(xiàng)blast“爆炸；損害；使枯萎”。根據(jù)固定搭配inasuddenburstofanger“突然爆發(fā)的憤怒”可知句意為：那人勃然大怒，把伸手可及的一切東西都撕碎了。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

）?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.didn'tit

B.doesn'tthere

C.usedn'tit?

D.didn'tthere

【答案】D

【解析】句意:在這個(gè)停車場附近曾經(jīng)有一個(gè)加油站，不是嗎?

語法題?？疾榉戳x疑問。thereusedtobe句式的反義錠問句一般為“didn’tthere或usedn’tthere”。

12.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpartintoEnglish.

建設(shè)生態(tài)文明，是關(guān)系人民福祉、關(guān)于民族未來的長遠(yuǎn)大計(jì)。面對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)退化的嚴(yán)峻形勢，我們必須樹立尊重自然、保護(hù)自然的生態(tài)文明理念，把生態(tài)文明建設(shè)放在突出地位，融入經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)、社會(huì)建設(shè)各個(gè)方面和全過程，努力建設(shè)美麗中國，實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族的永續(xù)發(fā)展。

【答案】Promotingecologicalprogressisalong-termtaskofvitalimportancetothepeople’swellbeingandChina’sfuture.Facedwithadeterioratingecosystem,wemustraiseourecologicalawarenessoftheneedtorespectandprotectnature.Wemustgivehighprioritytomakingecologicalprogressandincorporateitintoallaspectsandthewholeprocessofadvancingeconomic,cultural,andsocialprogress,workhardtobuildabeautifulcountry,andachievelastingandsustainabledevelopmentoftheChinesenation.

13.單選題

Letmestandinwithyouifit'sveryexpensive.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.bargainforyou

B.borrowmoneyforyou

C.sharethecostwithyou

D.standonyourside

【答案】C

【解析】standinwith意為與……聯(lián)合，同……分擔(dān)。bargainforyou討價(jià)還價(jià)；borrowmoneyforyou借錢；sharethecostwithyou一起承擔(dān)；standonyourside站在你這邊。選項(xiàng)C與之意思相近。

14.單選題

Inasocietythatplacesomuchemphasisto“makingit,”wefailtorecognizethatwhatlookslikefailuremay,inthelongrun,provebeneficial.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.failtorecognize

C.what

D.inthelongrun

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。根據(jù)emphasis可知，placeemphasison為固定搭配，表示“重視，強(qiáng)調(diào)”。句意：在一個(gè)如此強(qiáng)調(diào)“成功”的社會(huì)里，我們沒有意識(shí)到，從長遠(yuǎn)來看，看起來像是失敗的東西可能是有益的。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

15.單選題

Althoughmostdreamsapparentlyhappen

,dreamactivitymaybeprovokedbyexternalinfluences.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.spontaneously

B.instantly

C.automatically

D.simultaneously

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。spontaneously“自發(fā)地；自然地”；instantly“立即地”；automatically“自動(dòng)地”；simultaneously“同時(shí)地”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息externalinfluence“外部影響”，可判斷空格處應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)與之相反的詞，因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。句意：雖然大多數(shù)夢都是自然發(fā)生，但是夢的活動(dòng)可能由外部影響引起的。

16.單選題

TheCardinalandDanieldeBosolaenterfromtheright.Inappearance,theCardinalissomethingbetweenanElGrecocardinalandaVanDykenoblelord.Hehasthetall,spareform—theelongatedhandsandfeatures—oftheformer;thetrimpointedbeard,theimperialrepose,thecommandingauthorityofthelatter.ButtheElGrecofeaturesarenotreallythoseofasceticismorinnermysticspirituality.Theyaretheindextoacold,refinedbutruthlesscrueltyinahighlycivilizedcontrolledform.Neitheristheimperialreposeanaloofmoodofprouddetachment.Itisarefinedexpressionofasatanicprideofplaceandtalent.Toadegree,theCardinal’scoldnessisartificiallycultivated.HehasdefinedhimselfagainsthisyoungerbrothertheDukeandistheoppositetotheoverwroughtemotionalityofthelatter.ButtheCardinal’saloofmoodisnotoneofblanddetachment.Itisthedeliberatedetachmentofamethodicalmanwhocollectshisthoughtsandemotionsintothemostcompactandformidableshape―thatwhenhestrikes,hemaystrikewiththemoreefficientanddevastatingforce.Hiseasymovementsarethoseoftheslowlycirclingeaglejustbeforetheswiftdescentwiththeexposedtalons.Aboveallelse,heisamanwhoneverforamomentdoubtshisdestinedauthorityasagovernor.HederisivelyandsharplyrebukeshisbrothertheDukeaseasilyandreadilyashismistressJulia.IfhehasbetrayedBosola,heuseshisbrotherasthetooltorecoverhis“familiar.”Hiscourtdressisalongbrilliantscarletcardinal’sgownwithwhitecuffsandawhitecollarturnedbackoverthered,bothcollarandcuffsbeingelaboratelyscallopedandembroidered.Hewearsasmallcape,reachingonlytotheelbows.Hiscassockisbuttonedtotheground,givingaheightenedeffecttohisalreadytallpresence.Richelieuwouldhaveadoredhisneatlytrimmedbeard.Arichlyjeweledandornamentedcrossliesonhisbreast,suspendedfromhisneckbyagoldchain.BosolaistheRenaissance“familiar”dressedconventionallyinsomberblackwithawhitecollar.Hewearsachainabouthisneck,asuspendedornament,andasword.Althougha“bravo,”hemustnotbethoughtofasaleatherjacketed,heavy-bootedtough,squatandswarthy.Stilllessisheasneering,leering,melodramaticvillainoftheVictoriangaslighttradition.Likehisblack-and-whiteclothes,heisacolorfulcontradiction,ascholar-assassin,ahumanist-hangman;introvertedandintrospective,yetruthlessinaction;moodyandreluctant,yetviolent.Heisamanofscholarlytasteandsubtleintellectualdiscriminationdoingtheworkofahiredruffian.Ingeneraleffect,hisimpersonatormustachievesupplenessandsubtletyofnature,ahighlycomplex,compressed,yetwellrestrainedintensityoftemperament.LikeDukeFerdinand,heisinwardlytormented,butnotbyundilutedpassion.Hisdominantemotionisanintellectualizedone:thatofdisgustataworldfilledwithknaveryandfolly,butinwhichhemustplayapartandthatalowly,despicableone.HeisthekindofraritythatBrowninglovedtodepictinhisRenaissancemonologues.

1.TheactorportrayingBosolamustdepictthecharacter（

）.

2.Thewriterofthispassageassumesthatthereaderis

（

）.

3.ThereferencetoBrowninginthelastsentenceisintendedtocompare

（

）.

4.InhisdescriptionofBosola,theauthorofthispassagemakesextensiveuseofthedeviceof（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.asahighlycivilizedindividual

B.asasneeringvillain

C.asacomplicatedyetrestrainedindividual

D.withsubtletyandintensity

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.familiarwithRenaissancepoetry

B.disgustedwithaworldfilledwithknaveryandfolly

C.familiarwiththepaintingsofElGreco

D.familiarwiththewritingsofVanDykeandElGreco

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.BosolawithDukeFerdinand

B.BosolawithaBrowningcharacter

C.DukeFerdinandwithBosola

D.BosolawithBrowning

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.metaphor

B.onomatopoeia

C.exaggeration

D.paradox

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文中“Ingeneraleffect,hisimpersonatormustachievesupplenessandsubtletyofnature,ahighlycomplex,compressed,yetwellrestrainedintensityoftemperament.總的來說，他的模仿者必須達(dá)到自然的柔美和微妙，一種高度復(fù)雜、緊湊而又克制得很好的氣質(zhì)?！笨芍cC項(xiàng)相符。

2.判斷推理題。由文中“Inappearance,theCardinalissomethingbetweenanElGrecocardinalandaVanDykenoblelord.在外觀上，紅衣主教之間是埃爾?格列柯紅衣主教和范戴克高貴的主?！笨芍髡哒J(rèn)為讀者熟悉EIGreco和VanDyke的畫像。故C項(xiàng)正確。

3.判斷推理題。由“HeisthekindofraritythatBrowninglovedtodepictinhisRenaissancemonologues.他是那種布朗寧喜歡在他的文藝復(fù)興獨(dú)白中描述的罕見人物”?？芍摼渲蠦osola和Browning筆下所描寫的人物進(jìn)行對比。故B項(xiàng)正確，

4.判斷推理題。Metaphor暗喻；onomatopoeia擬聲；exaggeration夸張；paradox悖論。

由文中“Likehisblack-and-whiteclothes,heisacolorfulcontradiction,ascholar-assassin,ahumanist-hangman...就像他的黑白衣服一樣，Bosola是一種有趣的自相矛盾，他是學(xué)者的殺手、人文主義者的劊子手······”可知A項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Ifwe（

）ourrelationswiththatcountry,we’llhavetofindanothersupplierofrawmaterials.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.diffuse

B.diminish

C.terminate

D.preclude

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。diffuse“擴(kuò)散”；diminish“減少”；terminate“使終止，使結(jié)束”；preclude“排除，妨礙”。句意：如果我們結(jié)束與那個(gè)國家的關(guān)系，我們必須尋找其他原材料提供國。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

18.單選題

Theserviceoperates15librariesthroughoutthecountry,whilesix（）librariesspeciallyservethecountryside.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.mobile

B.drifting

C.shifting

D.rotating

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)mobile“可移動(dòng)的，易變的”；B選項(xiàng)drifting“漂流的；飄動(dòng)的”，一般是指由風(fēng)或者水飄動(dòng)著；C選項(xiàng)shifting“不斷移動(dòng)的，不斷變化的”，也可以變換形態(tài)；D選項(xiàng)rotating“旋轉(zhuǎn)的”。句意：這項(xiàng)服務(wù)管理全國15所圖書館，其中6所……圖書館專為農(nóng)村地區(qū)服務(wù)。這里的形容詞修飾的是后面的libraries圖書館。移動(dòng)圖書館有專業(yè)術(shù)語為mobilelibrary，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

19.單選題

Nearlyeverybodycheats,butusuallyonlyalittle.ThatisoneofthethemesinDnanelAriely’snewbook“the(Honest)TruthAboutDishonesty”.Mostofusthinkweareverywonderful.Wecancheatatalittleandstillkeepthat“goodparson”identity.

Ariely,whoisoneofthemostcreativesocialscientistsontheplanet,hadoneblindcolleagueandonesightedcolleaguetakerides.Thedriverscheatedthesightedcolleaguebytakinglongroutesmuchmoreoftenthantheycheatedtheblindone,eventhoughshewouldhavebeeneasiertomislead.Theywouldhavefeltguiltycheatingablindwoman.Arielypointsoutthatwearedrivenbymoralitymuchmorethanstandardeconomicmodelsallow.ButIwasstruckbywhatyoumightcallthegoodpersonconstructandthemoralcalculusitimplies.Forthepastseveralcenturies,mostwesternerswouldhaveidentifiedthemselvesfundamentallyasdepravedsinners.Inthisconstruct,sinissomethingyoufightlikearecurringcancer―partofadailybattleagainstevil.

Butthesedays,peoplearemorelikelytobelieveintheiressentialgoodness.Peoplewholivebythegoodpersonconstructtrytobalancetheirvirtuousself-imagewiththeirselfishdesires.Theytrytomanagethemoralplusesandminusesandkeeptheiroverallrecordinpositiveterrito