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書(shū)山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-宜春幼兒師范高等專(zhuān)科學(xué)??荚囇侯}卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)!第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Inthemidstofsomanyevasivecomments,thisforthrightstatement,whateveritsintrinsicmerit,plainlystandsoutas(

).

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ananomaly

B.aprofundity

C.aparadigm

D.amisnomer

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。句意:在這些閃爍其詞的評(píng)論當(dāng)中,這個(gè)直率的言論,不管它本身的價(jià)值如何,都非常明確的表現(xiàn)為一個(gè)反常的評(píng)論。anomaly異常,反常事物;profundity深刻,深度;paradigm范例;misnomer用詞不當(dāng),誤稱。句中提到的thisforthrightstatement是眾多言論中的一個(gè),單獨(dú)針對(duì)這個(gè)直率的言論,且不作任何評(píng)價(jià),但也說(shuō)明這個(gè)有與眾不同的地方。故答案為A。

2.單選題

Somepeoplethinktheycanreadaman’s________fromhishandwriting.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.attribute

B.feature

C.property

D.character

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)attribute“屬性,特質(zhì)”;B選項(xiàng)feature“特色,特征”;C選項(xiàng)property“財(cái)產(chǎn)”;D選項(xiàng)character“性格,特性”。句意:一些人認(rèn)為他們可以從一個(gè)人的筆跡中看出這個(gè)人的()。從筆跡中看出來(lái)的是人的性格特點(diǎn),A,B,D都有性格的意思,但是attribute一般指一個(gè)群體的特性,比如說(shuō)Patienceisoneofthemostimportantattributesinateacher.(耐心是作為老師最重要的特性之一);feature指的是一種外顯的特征,一眼看得出來(lái)不需要推測(cè),比如說(shuō)Hereyesarehermoststrikingfeature.(她容貌中最引人注目的特點(diǎn)是她的雙眼);character指的是人的性格特點(diǎn);所以答案選D。

3.翻譯題

什么是幸福?古今中外,很多人都對(duì)它作出過(guò)不少的論述。幸福是一種心境、一種感覺(jué),是心里欲望得到滿足時(shí)的狀態(tài),是感到生活有巨大樂(lè)趣并自然而然地希望它持續(xù)久遠(yuǎn)的愉快心情。有些人窮其一生卻找不到幸福,而有些人則時(shí)刻被幸福光環(huán)所圍繞。這是因?yàn)樾腋5娜擞幸活w感知幸福的心,有一雙善于發(fā)現(xiàn)幸福的眼睛。對(duì)于這樣的人,一切都顯得美好。房后清風(fēng)做琴,檐下雨露為弦,屋頂鳥(niǎo)啾如歌,天上月光當(dāng)酒。幸福簡(jiǎn)單又深?yuàn)W,玄妙又簡(jiǎn)潔。所以要想得到幸福就要有一種如水心態(tài),在平淡中尋找幸福,在細(xì)微中品味幸福。幸福有時(shí)就是一個(gè)分式,欲望是分母,所得是分子。如果想得到更多的幸福,最好的方法莫過(guò)于減少分母,增加分子。

【答案】Whatishappiness?Manypeoplehavemadealotofdiscussionaboutitatalltimes.Happinessisakindofmood,afeeling,astatewhendesiresintheheartissatisfied,orahappymoodwhichfeelsthegreatjoyoflifeandhopesthatitcanlastforalongtimenaturally.Somepeoplespendtheirentirelivesbutcannotfindhappiness,whileothersarealwayssurroundedbyit.Thisisbecausehappypeoplehaveaheartwhichcanperceivehappiness,andapairofeyeswhichisgWhatishappiness?Ancientandmodern,manypeoplehavemadealotofdiscussiononit.Happinessisamood,afeeling,astateofmindinwhichthedesiresoftheheartaresatisfied,ajoyfulmoodinwhichonefeelsthatlifehasgreatpleasuresandnaturallywantsthemtolast.Somepeoplegothroughlifewithoutfindinghappiness,whileothersaresurroundedbyahaloofhappiness.Thisisbecausehappypeoplehaveahearttoperceivehappiness,andapairofeyesgoodatfindinghappiness.Fortheseperson,alliswell.Behindthehouse,windasalyre;undertheeaves,rainanddewasastring;ontheroof,birdstweetlikeasong;andinthesky,moonlightaswine.Happinessissimpleandprofound,mysteriousandconcise.Soifyouwanttogethappiness,youshouldhaveamentalitylikewater,lookingforhappinessintheplain,andtastinghappinessinthesubtle.Happinessissometimesafraction,desireisthedenominator,whilegainsisthenumerator.Ifyouwantmorehappiness,thebestwayistoreducethedenominatorandincreasethenumerator.

4.單選題

Theirdefenderssaytheyaremotivated,versatileworkerswhoarejustwhatcompaniesneedinthesedifficulttimes.Toothers,however,themembersofGenerationY—thoseborninthe1980sand1990sotherwiseknownastheNetGeneration—arespoiled,narcissisticidlerswhocannotspellandwastetoomuchtimeoninstantmessagingandFacebook.Ah,replytheNetGenres,butallthatmessingaroundonlineprovesthatwearecomputer-literatemulti-taskerswhoareskillfulusersofonlinecollaborativetoolsandnaturalteamplayers.And,while,youareonthesubjectofme,Ineedamonth’svacationtoreconsidermypersonalgoal.

Thiscultureclashhasbeengoingoninmanyorganizationsandhaslatelyseepedintomanagementbooks.TheNetGenershavegrownupwithcomputers;theyarebrimmingwithself-confidence;andtheyhavebeenencouragedtochallengereceivedwisdom,tofindtheirownsolutionstoproblemsandtotreatworkasaroutetopersonalfulfillmentratherthanmerelyawayofputtingfoodonthetable.Notallofthismakesthemeasytomanage.Bossescomplainthatafterachildhoodofbeingspoiledandpraised,NetGenersdemandfarmorefrequentfeedbackandanover-precisesetofobjectivesonthepathofpromotion.InanewreportfromPriceewaterhouseCoopers,aconsultancy,61%ofchiefexecutivessaytheyhavetroublerecruitingandintegratingyoungeremployees.

Forthosehard-to-pleaseoldermanagers,thecurrentrecessionisthejoyfulequivalentofhidinganalarmclockinasleepingteenagers'bedroom.Onceagain,thetouchy-feelymanagementfashionsthatalwaysspringupinyearsofplentyarebeingditchedinfavorofmorebrutalcommand-and-controlmethodsHavinggrownupingoodtimes,NetGenershavelaboredundertheillusionthattheworldowedthemaliving.Buthoppingbetweenjobstofindonethatmeetsyourinnerspiritualneedsisnotsoeasywhentherearenojobstohopto.Andasforthatvacation:here'sapermanentone,sunshine.

Infact,compromisewillbenecessaryonbothsides.NetGenerswillcertainlyhavetolowersomeoftheirexpectationsandtaketheworldasitis,notastheywouldlikeittobe.Buttheirolderbossesshouldalsobepreparedtomakeconcessions.Theeconomywilleventuallyrecoveranddemographictrendsinmostrichcountrieswillmakecleveryoungworkersevenmorevaluable.Besides,manyofthethingsthatKeepNetGenershappyareworthdoinganyway.Butforthemomentatleast,theFacebookersareunderheavycriticism.

1.IntheeyesofthecriticsoftheNetGeneration,theNetGenersarecharacterizedas().

2.AccordingtoPara.2,NetGenersarenoteasytomanageinthat().

3.Theword“touchy-feely"inPara.3mostprobablymeans().

4.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthattheauthorbelieves().

5.Whatistheauthors’attitudetowardsNetGeners?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.accomplishedandcompetent

B.smartandflexible

C.self-centeredandindulged

D.selfishanduncooperative

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.they'veattachedtoomuchimportancetothepersonalfulfillment

B.they'vebeencourageousenoughtochallengetheirbosses

C.they’vehadexcessiveconfidenceinthemselves

D.they'verequiredexcessiveresponsesandgoals

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.sensitiveandcaring

B.coldandbloody

C.lazyandreckless

D.funnyandinteresting

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.NetGenersshouldgiveuptheirexpectations

B.olderbossesshouldgivetheNetGenerswhatevertheywant

C.bothNetGenersandbossesshouldfacethereality

D.bothNetGenersandbossesshouldlearntoconcede

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Supportive.

B.Objective.

C.Biased.

D.Pessimistic.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:1.推理判斷題。由第一段“Toothers,however,themembersofGenerationY—thoseborninthe1980sand1990sotherwiseknownastheNetGeneration-arespoiled,narcissisticidlerswhocannotspellandwastetoomuchtimeoninstantmessagingandFacebook.然而,對(duì)另一些人來(lái)說(shuō),y一代(出生于80年代和90年代的人,也被稱為網(wǎng)絡(luò)一代)是被寵壞的、自戀的游手好閑者,他們不會(huì)拼寫(xiě),在即時(shí)通訊和Facebook上浪費(fèi)了太多時(shí)間。”可知在批判者眼中,網(wǎng)絡(luò)一代是被寵壞的,并且是自戀的游手好閑者。故C項(xiàng)正確。且在批判者眼中,網(wǎng)絡(luò)一代自然是有缺點(diǎn)的,故應(yīng)該用貶義詞,排除AB兩項(xiàng)。D項(xiàng)“自私的和不配合的”與文中所述內(nèi)容不符。

第2題:2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第二段“Notallofthismakesthemeasytomanage.Bossescomplainthatafterachildhoodofbeingspoiledandpraised,NetGenersdemandfarmorefrequentfeedbackandanover-precisesetofobjectivesonthepathofpromotion.并不是所有這些都使它們易于管理。老板們抱怨說(shuō),在經(jīng)歷了被寵壞和表?yè)P(yáng)的童年后,網(wǎng)絡(luò)一代要求在晉升的道路上有更頻繁的反饋和一套過(guò)于精確的目標(biāo)。由此可知網(wǎng)絡(luò)一代難于管理的原因在于他們?cè)诼殘?chǎng)晉升之路上要求更頻繁的反饋并且需要精確的目標(biāo)。故D項(xiàng)正確,D項(xiàng)的response和goals是對(duì)原文中的feedback以及objectives的同義轉(zhuǎn)換。

第3題:3.詞義題。由Onceagain,thetouchy-feelymanagementfashionsthatalwaysspringupinyearsofplentyarebeingditchedinfavorofmorebrutalcommand-and-controlmethods.再一次,在經(jīng)濟(jì)充裕的年份里總是涌現(xiàn)出的____的管理潮流正在被拋棄,取而代之的是更為殘酷的命令與控制方式。由“morebrutalcommand-and-control更為殘酷的命令和控制”可推知被拋棄的“touch-feelymanagement”的意思應(yīng)與其相反,應(yīng)為“人性化”的管理。再?gòu)膖ouchy-feely單詞本身也可猜測(cè)出該詞與感覺(jué)有關(guān)。故A項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由最后一段Infact,compromisewillbenecessaryonbothsides.NetGenerswillcertainlyhavetolowersomeoftheirexpectationsandtaketheworldasitis,notastheywouldlikeittobe.Buttheirolderbossesshouldalsobepreparedtomakeconcessions.事實(shí)上,雙方都有必要妥協(xié)。網(wǎng)絡(luò)一代應(yīng)該降低他們的一些期望,接受世界的現(xiàn)狀,而不是他們所希望的樣子。但是他們的老上司也應(yīng)該做好讓步的準(zhǔn)備??芍髡哒J(rèn)為雙方都應(yīng)該做一些讓步。故D項(xiàng)正確,concede是concessions的同義詞。

第5題:5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題??v觀全文,本文開(kāi)頭作者提到了贊成者和批判者對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)一代的看法,接著作者列舉了網(wǎng)絡(luò)一代的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn),最后提出解決措施。故作者的態(tài)度應(yīng)當(dāng)是客觀的。supportive支持的;objective客觀的;biased有偏見(jiàn)的;pessimistic悲觀的。B項(xiàng)正確。

5.翻譯題

如何積累詞匯。掌握一門(mén)外語(yǔ)的詞匯有幾種途徑:1)通過(guò)上下文巧妙地猜測(cè)詞義;2)結(jié)合閱讀使用詞典;3)除閱讀外,進(jìn)行專(zhuān)門(mén)的詞匯訓(xùn)練。我們是慢慢吞吞地、吃力地積累詞匯,以便幾年以后可以流暢閱讀呢,還是在閱讀的同時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)詞匯呢?最容易也最有趣的增加詞匯的可能辦法是拿一本用淺顯文體寫(xiě)成的故事書(shū)(老師或圖書(shū)館管理員可以推薦一本),然后當(dāng)作故事來(lái)讀。當(dāng)作故事來(lái)讀這一文選意味著整句整段地閱讀,而不是逐字逐詞地翻譯,即使我們?cè)谶@兒或那兒漏掉了一些意義,但最終還是能逐漸地熟悉某些詞匯而根本不用查詞典。當(dāng)然,這只是我們?cè)陂喿x用本族語(yǔ)寫(xiě)的故事時(shí)所用的方法,這樣的閱讀使我們能比逐字翻譯更好地感受習(xí)慣用法和句法。

【答案】Howtoaccumulatevocabulary?Thereareseveralwaystomasteraforeignlanguage’svocabulary:1)Skilfullyguessthemeaningofawordbasedoncontext;2)useadictionary,combiningwiththereading;3)dospecialvocabularytraining,besidesreading.Whetherweaccumulatevocabularyslowlyandlaboriouslysothatwecanreadsmoothlyseveralyearslaterorlearningvocabularywhilereading?Theeasiestandmostinterestingwaytoenlargevocabularyisprobablyusingastorybookwhichiswritteninplainliteraryform(teacherorlibrariancanrecommendone),andthenreaditasastory.Readingthisliteraryselectionasastorymeansreadingitbywholesentenceandwholeparagraph,nottranslatingitwordbyword.Evenifwemisssomemeaninghereorthere,wecangraduallyfamiliarizewithcertainwordsultimatelywithoutlookingupdictionary.Ofcourse,thismethodisjustusedwhenwereadstorieswritteninourownlanguage.Thiskindofreadingcanmakeusfeelidiomaticusageandsyntaxbetterthantranslatingwordbyword.

6.單選題

Thenumberofcopiesthepaperseilsseemstobein()proportiontotheamountofnewsitcontains.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.diverse

B.inverse

C.reverse

D.averse

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。inreverse“相反”,本句意為“這份報(bào)紙的發(fā)行量似乎與它所包含的新聞量成反比”,這句話想要表達(dá)的是報(bào)紙發(fā)行量太少,inreverse表達(dá)“相反”的意思使得句子邏輯成立。因此選項(xiàng)C正確。

7.單選題

IhadadoptedtwoEuropeanclubsasmyown,watchedtheirgameseveryweekend,wastedworkhoursreadingblogsaboutthem,emotionallyinvestedmyselfintheirtravails.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exertions

B.gritties

C.emulations

D.stretches

【答案】B

【解析】考查近義名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)exertion“發(fā)揮;運(yùn)用;努力”;B選項(xiàng)gritty“堅(jiān)韌不拔;多沙”;C選項(xiàng)emulation“仿真(效)(技術(shù));模仿(擬);競(jìng)爭(zhēng);效法”;D選項(xiàng)stretches“一片;一泓;一段;(連續(xù)的)一段時(shí)間;服刑期”。句意:我接納了兩家歐洲俱樂(lè)部,每個(gè)周末都觀看他們的比賽,把工作時(shí)間浪費(fèi)在閱讀有關(guān)他們的博客上,全身心地投入到他們的苦戰(zhàn)中。travail“艱苦勞動(dòng);煎熬,痛苦,艱辛”,B選項(xiàng)與該詞詞意最相近,因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

8.翻譯題

Thecurrentthroughaconductorisdirectlyproportionaltothepotentialdifference(電位差)acrossitprovidedthereisnochangeinthephysicalconditionsoftheconductor.

【答案】如果對(duì)于導(dǎo)體沒(méi)有任何物理變化,那么通過(guò)導(dǎo)體的電流正比于通過(guò)的電位差。

9.填空題

Itseemsthatthereisnosetofpersonalqualitiesthatallleadershavesomethingincommon;rather,virtuallyanypersonmayberecognizedasaleaderifthepersonhasqualitiesthatmeettheneedsofthatparticulargroup.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Bsomething去掉

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】從句。

【解題思路】thatallleadershavesomethingincommon是修飾personalqualities的定語(yǔ)從句,其中that充當(dāng)從句賓語(yǔ),意思指的是personalqualities,所以B部分的something去掉句子才正確。

【句意】似乎并沒(méi)有所有領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人都具備的一系列個(gè)人品質(zhì);事實(shí)上,如果一個(gè)人的素質(zhì)符合那個(gè)特定群體的需要,他就是公認(rèn)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。

10.翻譯題

這是一只如此靈敏的(sensitive)安培表(ammeter)以至于它能測(cè)出電流的微弱變化。

【答案】

Thisissuchasensitiveammeterthatitcanmeasureaslightchangeinthecurrent.

11.單選題

Lungcancerhasnowexceededbreastcancerasa____killerofAmericanwomen.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.preliminary

B.primary

C.potential

D.physical

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.preliminary初步的B.primary主要的

C.potential潛在的D.physical身體的

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】修飾語(yǔ)與被修飾語(yǔ)的搭配

【解題思路】空格前后語(yǔ)義為“肺癌已經(jīng)超過(guò)乳腺癌成為美國(guó)女性的____殺手”??崭裉幩钤~修飾的對(duì)象為“殺手”,根據(jù)句意,原文指的是,肺癌是美國(guó)女性去世的可能原因,C選項(xiàng)potential“潛在的”符合原文前后搭配。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)preliminary“初步的”,與“殺手(killer)”搭配不當(dāng);

B選項(xiàng)primary“主要的”,原文沒(méi)有足夠的語(yǔ)義說(shuō)明,肺癌是美國(guó)女性死亡的主要原因,而只要她們可能因肺癌去世就可以說(shuō)“潛在原因”,因此,C選項(xiàng)更合適;

D選項(xiàng)physical“身體的”,與“殺手(killer)”搭配不當(dāng)。

【句意】肺癌已經(jīng)超過(guò)乳腺癌成為美國(guó)女性的潛在殺手。

12.單選題

Youknowyourselfbetterthananyoneelse;doesnotundertakethatprojectunlessyoucan()it.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.complement

B.compliment

C.implement

D.supplement

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。complement"補(bǔ)足,補(bǔ)充";compliment"恭維,贊美";implement"使生效,實(shí)施,執(zhí)行";supplement"增補(bǔ)"。句意:你比任何人都了解你自己;除非你能將這個(gè)項(xiàng)目實(shí)施下去,否則就不要接管它。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

13.單選題

I’llgototheairporttomorrowmorningto()agoodfriendwholeavesforAustralia.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.seeoff

B.sendoff

C.turnoff

D.saydeparture

【答案】A

【解析】詞組辨析。seeoff“送別,送行”;sendoff“發(fā)送,派遣”;turnoff“關(guān)掉,拐彎”;saydeparture“說(shuō)離開(kāi)”。句意:明天早上我將去機(jī)場(chǎng),跟我即將去往澳大利亞的朋友送別。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

14.單選題

Itwasnotuntilonehundredthousandyearsafterthebigbangthatphotonswere()frommatter.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.setapart

B.setoff

C.setout

D.setfree

【答案】D

【解析】句意:直到十萬(wàn)年宇宙大爆炸之后,光子才從物質(zhì)中釋放出來(lái)。

考查短語(yǔ)辨析。D項(xiàng)“從…中釋放”符合句意。

15.翻譯題

Pollutionisaproblembecausemaninanincreasinglypopulatedandindustrializedworldisupsettingtheenvironmentinwhichhelives.Manyscientistsmaintainthatoneofman’sgreatesterrorshasbeentoequategrowthwithadvancement.Now“growth”industriesarebeinglookedonwithsuspicionincasetheirsideeffectsdamagetheenvironmentanddisrupttherelationshipofdifferentformsoflife.Thegrowingpopulationmakesincreasingdemandsontheworld’sfixedsupplyofairwaterandland.Thisriseinpopulationisaccompaniedbythedesireofmoreandmorepeopleforabetterstandardofliving,inaneverincreasingamountofwastematerialtobedisposedof.Theproblemhasbeencausingincreasingconcerntolivingthingsandtheirenvironment.Manybelievethatmanisnotsolvingtheseproblemsquicklyenoughandthathisselfishpursuitofpossessionstakeshimpastthepointofnoreturnbeforehefullyrealizesthedamage.

【答案】污染是一個(gè)問(wèn)題,因?yàn)樵谝粋€(gè)人口日益增長(zhǎng)和工業(yè)化的世界里,人類(lèi)正在破壞他所生活的環(huán)境。許多科學(xué)家堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為人類(lèi)最大的錯(cuò)誤之一就是把發(fā)展與進(jìn)步等同起來(lái)?,F(xiàn)在人們對(duì)成長(zhǎng)型產(chǎn)業(yè)持懷疑態(tài)度,擔(dān)心它們的副作用會(huì)破壞環(huán)境,破壞不同生命形式之間的關(guān)系。不斷增長(zhǎng)的人口對(duì)世界上固定的空氣、水和土地的供應(yīng)提出了越來(lái)越高的要求。隨著人口的增長(zhǎng),越來(lái)越多的人要求更高的生活水平,他們需要處理越來(lái)越多的垃圾。這一問(wèn)題已引起人們對(duì)生物及其環(huán)境的日益關(guān)注。許多人認(rèn)為,人類(lèi)沒(méi)有足夠快地解決這些問(wèn)題,他對(duì)財(cái)產(chǎn)的自私追求使他在完全意識(shí)到損害之前就已經(jīng)到了不可挽回的地步。

16.單選題

—Youforgotyourkeyswhenyoulefthomeinthemorning.

—Goodheavens,().

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sodidI.

B.soIdid.

C.soyoudid.

D.sodidyou.

【答案】B

【解析】句意:早上,你離開(kāi)家的時(shí)候,忘記拿鑰匙了。天啦,是的!

語(yǔ)法題??疾槭÷?。第一句的you和第二句的I是同一個(gè)人。根據(jù)句意關(guān)系,后句是表示同意上文陳述的內(nèi)容,而第一句主句的動(dòng)詞是forgot(過(guò)去時(shí)),因此“soldid”表示“確實(shí)”,符合句意和結(jié)構(gòu),助動(dòng)詞需與前文保持時(shí)態(tài)一致。因此B項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Withouttheassistanceofthosegiantmachinesnobridge()onriverlastyear.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.couldbebuilt

B.wouldbebuilt

C.shouldhavebeenbuilt

D.couldhavebeenbuilt

【答案】D

【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。根據(jù)句意可知,事情發(fā)生在去年,并且已經(jīng)完成,所以這里用過(guò)去完成時(shí),首先排除選項(xiàng)A和B。選項(xiàng)C指本應(yīng)該做某事卻沒(méi)有做,不符合句意,所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

18.單選題

Afterthestormcausedrawsewagetoseepintothegroundwater,theWaterDepartmenthadtotakemeasuresto(

)thecity’swatersupply.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.refine

B.revive

C.freshen

D.decontaminate

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。refine“提煉,改善;revive“使復(fù)活,使恢復(fù),使振奮”;freshen“使新鮮,使清爽,使有精神”;decontaminate“凈化,去除污染”,根據(jù)句意‘在風(fēng)暴導(dǎo)致未處理的污水滲入地下水后,供水部門(mén)必須采取措施(

)該市供水。’確定D選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Therehavebeendemonstrationsonthestreets()therecentterroristattack.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inthewakeof

B.inthecourseof

C.inthecontextof

D.inthelightof

【答案】A

【解析】考查介詞詞組辨析。inthewakeof“伴隨而來(lái),緊緊跟在……的后面”;inthecourseof“在……過(guò)程中;在……期間”;inthecontextof“在……情況下,在……背景下”;inthelightof“鑒于,根據(jù)”。句意:恐怖襲擊后,他們?cè)诖蠼稚嫌谓质颈姟_x項(xiàng)A符合題意。

20.單選題

Mostofuswouldliketofeelwehavesomeinfluenceoverwhathappensaroundusandtous.Citizensspeakouttoinfluencepolicyonuseofnuclearpower,conservingtheenvironmentandendangeredanimals,localandstatetaxes,theappropriateuseoffundsbyorganizationsofwhichtheyaremembers,properlanduseandthenatureofeducationinthepublicschools,andahostofotherissues.Someoftheseaffectthespeakers’immediateself-interest;othersareattemptstomakethesocialenvironmentconformmorecloselytotheirownideas.Tospeakonsuchmatterseffectivelyenoughtoinfluencetheopinionsandactionsofothersistoexercisepower.

Eveninjobsrelyingontechnicalspecialization,theopportunitiesanddemandsforpublicspeakingskillsremainmorecommonthanmanycollegestudentsrealize.Theengineerfindsthatifhiscareeristoadvancehemustbewillingtoacceptmanagementdutiesthatincludespeakingtogroupsofemployees,orhemustserveasaspokespersonforconsultantteamspresentingresultstoagenciesoutsidethecompany.Thecertifiedpublicaccountantfindsanopportunitytoteachclassesinherareaofspeculation.Thedentisthastogivespeechesasanofficerofhisdentalassociation.

Sometimesyoumayhavetomakeaspeechaspartofyourdutiesinyourjobororganization.Perhapsmorefrequentlyyouwillhaveopportunitieswhereyouspeakvoluntarily,aswhenyouspeakoutinameeting.Someofthesespeakingsituationswillbeoflittleconsequence;youwillfeelbetterifyoudothespeechwell,butitwillnotreallymakemuchdifference.Inothersituations,thespeechmaybesignificantfortheaudience.Inthesesituations,itiscomfortingtoknowthatyoucandoatleastanadequatejob.Andyoumaynotbecontentmerelytogetthroughthetaskadequately.Tobeabletoincreaselisteners’understandingortopersuadethemisoneofthemostcivilizedwaysweasindividualshaveforaffectingourenvironment.

Somebeginning-speechstudentsaresurprisedtodiscoverthattheycangiveapublicspeechatall,muchlesstheskillfulandeffectiveonestheywillbeproducingbytheendofthecourse.Theprimarypurposesofaspeechcoursearetoexpandyourunderstandingoftechniquesandstrategiesinpublicspeaking,andtogiveyousomepracticesothatyouwillbemoreconfidentandeffectiveinmoresituations.Withskillandconfidenceyoudevelopapowertobenefityourselfandthesocietyaroundyou.

1.Thetextintendstoshowyou(

).

2.Accordingtothepassage,effectivespeakingabilitydoesbenefitpeoplealotexcepton(

).

3.Youneedtospeakeffectivelyif(

).

4.Itisimpliedinthetextthat(

).

5.Sometimesyouarenotcontentwhenyoufinishyourspeechbecauseyouknow(

).

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theimportanceofspeakingbeforethepublic

B.thetechniquesandstrategiesinpublicspeaking

C.thepurposesandaimsofaspeechcourse

D.themostcivilizedwaystoexertourinfluences

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.environmentalconservation

B.audienceawareness

C.technicalmaintenance

D.careerpromotion

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.youareastudent

B.youareanengineer

C.youwanttostudywell

D.youwanttoinfluenceothers

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.agoodspeakermayhavegreaterchanceinhiscareer

B.makinggoodspeechesispartofthedutiesofanengineer

C.speakingatameetingisoftenpartofone’sduties

D.peopleoftenexercisetheirpowerbymakingspeeches

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.yourspeechmakeslittledifferencetotheaudience

B.theaudience’sbetterunderstandingismoreessentialtoyou

C.makinggoodspeechesispartofthedutiesofanengineer

D.thespeech-makingoccasionisnotimportantintheleast

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:1.結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容可知,本文主要講的是在公眾面前講話的重要性,選項(xiàng)B,C,D是文中提到的細(xì)節(jié),不是本文主旨,所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.根據(jù)第二段第一句“Eveninjobsrelyingon...collegestudentsrealize.”即使是在依靠專(zhuān)業(yè)技能的工作中,對(duì)公眾演講技能的機(jī)會(huì)和需求也比許多大學(xué)生意識(shí)到的更為普遍。由此可以推斷,公眾演講對(duì)技能要求高,很難保持。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Tospeakonsuchmatterseffectivelyenoughtoinfluencetheopinionsandactionsofothersistoexercisepower.”在這樣的問(wèn)題上有效地發(fā)言,足以影響他人的意見(jiàn)和行動(dòng),就是在行使權(quán)力。也就是說(shuō),如果你想影響別人,你的講話一定要有效。選項(xiàng)D正確。

4.根據(jù)第二段的第二句“Theengineerfindsthatifhiscareeristoadvancehemustbewillingtoacceptmanagementdutiesthatincludespeakingtogroupsofemployees...”工程師發(fā)現(xiàn),如果他的職業(yè)生涯想要發(fā)展,他必須愿意承擔(dān)管理職責(zé),包括向員工群體發(fā)表演講...由此可以推斷,一個(gè)好的演講者在他的職業(yè)生涯中可能有更大的機(jī)遇。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

5.根據(jù)第三段最后兩句可知,你可能不僅僅只是滿足于完成(演講)任務(wù),能夠增加聽(tīng)眾的理解或說(shuō)服他們是我們作為個(gè)體影響環(huán)境的最文明的方式之一。所有選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

21.單選題

Themobwas()bythefieryspeechandthentheymarcheddownthemainstreet,andsetmanyChinesestoresonfire.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wakened

B.aroused

C.inspired

D.agitated

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A:wake“喚醒”;B:arouse“引起,喚醒”;C:inspire“鼓舞,激發(fā)”;D:agitate“動(dòng)搖,煽動(dòng),使激動(dòng)”。句意:暴民被激烈的演說(shuō)煽動(dòng),紛紛走上街頭,把很多中國(guó)的商店點(diǎn)著了。根據(jù)句意和關(guān)鍵詞:暴民、激烈的演說(shuō)可知D為正確答案。

22.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Therearefewhabitsasinfuriatingassomeonemakinguswait.But,despitewhatmayberunningthroughyourmindasyou’rekeptwaitingagain,it’sunlikelyyourfriendsandcolleaguesarejustbeingselfish.Alookintothepsychologyoflatenessoffersaglimpseintoamindthatmaybemalfunctioning.Butthere’salsomorethanonefix.

Perceptionsofunpunctualpeoplearealmostalwaysnegative—evenifmisguided.

“Itiseasytoperceivethemasdisorganised,chaotic,rudeandlackinginconsiderationforothers,”saysHarrietMellotte,acognitivebehaviouraltherapistandaclinicalpsychologistintraininginLondon.“Outsideofmyclinicalpractice,othersbeinglateissomethingthatcanparticularlygetundermyskin!”

But,manylatepeopleareatleastsomewhatorganisedandwanttokeepfriends,familyandbosseshappy.Thepunctually-challengedareoftenexcruciatinglyawareandashamedofthedamagetheirlatenesscoulddototheirrelationships,reputations,careersandfinances.

“Whiletherearethosewhogetachargeoutofkeepingotherswaiting,ifyou’retypical,youdislikebeinglate,”DianaDeLonzorwritesinherbookNeverBeLateAgain.“Yettardinessremainsyournemesis.”

Someexcuses,particularlyforacutelateness,arefairlyuniversallyaccepted—anaccidentorillness,forexample.Butothersaren’tsoeasytoswallow.Somelatepeoplewillpassitoffasasymptomofbeingbig-thinkingandconcernedwithloftiermattersthantime-keeping,asanendearingquirk,amarkofdoingone’sbestworkunderpressure,orhavingthebodyclockofanightowlratherthanalark.

Joanna,ateacherinLondonwhodidn’twanthersurnameused,saysherreputationforbeingunpunctualcansometimesbeattributedtoadifferenceinopinion.“Afriendwillaskmetocomeover,andthey’llsay‘comeanytimefromseven,’”shesays.“ButifIdoturnupateightorlater,they’reannoyed.”

Beingconsistentlylatemightnotbeyourfault.Itcouldbeyourtype.Thepunctually-challengedoftensharepersonalitycharacteristicssuchasoptimism,lowlevelsofself-control,anxiety,orapenchantforthrill-seeking,expertssay.Personalitydifferencescouldalsodictatehowweexperiencethepassingoftime.

48.Theword“infuriating”inParagraph1mostprobablymeans________.

49.WhichoneofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutunpunctualpeople?

50.AccordingtoHarrietMellotte,unpunctualpeoplewhoarenothispatients________.

51.AccordingtoDianaDeLonzor,unpunctualpeople________.

52.WhichofthefollowingexcusesforbeinglateisLESSacceptable?

53.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofconsistentunpunctuality?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.annoying

B.exciting

C.surprising

D.terrifying

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theyareselfish.

B.Theyareundesirable.

C.Theyareunfriendly.

D.Theysufferfromsomementalillness.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.makehimunderstandthembetter

B.irritatehimverymuch

C.offerhimadifferentperspectiveaboutlateness

D.arelikelytobesuccessfulintheircareers

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.feelashamedofbeinglate

B.findithardtochangetheirhabitofbeinglate

C.maygetpleasurebykeepingotherswait

D.donotexpectotherstobepunctual

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Doingworkmoreefficientlyunderpressure.

B.Claimingoneselftobeamorningperson.

C.Explainingthathe/sheeatsslowly.

D.Havinganaccident.

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.Itisunderstandable.

B.Itistimewasting.

C.Itdamagesfriendship.

D.Itdeservesoursympathy.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:A

【解析】48.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Theword“infuriating”inParagraph1mostprobablymeans________.第1段中的“infuriating”一詞很可能是指________。

A.annoyingA.煩人的

B.excitingB.激動(dòng)的

C.surprisingC.令人驚訝的

D.terrifyingD.可怕的

【考查點(diǎn)】詞匯推斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞infuriating可以定位到文章第1段第1句“很少有比有人讓我們等待更infuriating的習(xí)慣了?!保?句又說(shuō)“你的朋友和同事不太可能只是因?yàn)樽运剑╯elfish)”,由此可知?jiǎng)e人遲到,讓我們一直等待,通常會(huì)讓我們覺(jué)得別人很自私,說(shuō)明這是一種令人惱火的習(xí)慣。因此A選項(xiàng)“煩人的”正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“激動(dòng)的”和C選項(xiàng)“令人驚訝的”沒(méi)有文章中體現(xiàn)的消極意義,屬于反向干擾;

D選項(xiàng)“可怕的”程度過(guò)深,屬于推理過(guò)度。

49.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

WhichoneofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutunpunctualpeople?關(guān)于不守時(shí)的人,以下哪一項(xiàng)不是真的?

A.Theyareselfish.A.他們是自私的。

B.Theyareundesirable.B.他們是不受歡迎的。

C.Theyareunfriendly.C.他們是不友好的。

D.Theysufferfromsomementalillness.D.他們患有某種精神疾病。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞unpunctualpeople可以定位到文章第2段“對(duì)不守時(shí)的人(unpunctualpeople)的看法幾乎總是負(fù)面的(negative)”,說(shuō)明不守時(shí)的人在別人心目中都是負(fù)面的形象,但文章中沒(méi)有提到他們患有精神疾病。因此D選項(xiàng)“他們患有某種精神疾病?!辈环显?。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“他們是自私的?!保晌恼碌?段第2句“你的朋友和同事不太可能只是因?yàn)樽运剑╯elfish)”可知,人們普遍認(rèn)為不守時(shí)的人是自私的,符合原文,排除A,屬于反向干擾;

B選項(xiàng)“他們是不受歡迎的?!?,不守時(shí)的人在文章中的形容詞“無(wú)組織、混亂、粗魯、不為他人著想”都是貶義的,說(shuō)明他們不受人歡迎,符合原文,排除B,屬于反向干擾;

C選項(xiàng)“他們是不友好的?!?,由文章中“粗魯(rude)、不為他人著想(lackinginconsideration)”可知,人們認(rèn)為不守時(shí)的人待人不友好,符合原文,排除C,屬于反向干擾。

50.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

AccordingtoHarrietMellotte,unpunctualpeoplewhoarenothispatients________.根據(jù)哈里特?梅洛特的說(shuō)法,不守時(shí)的人如果不是他的病人,會(huì)________。

A.makehimunderstandthembetterA.使他更了解他們

B.irritatehimverymuchB.讓他非常惱火

C.offerhimadifferentperspectiveaboutlatenessC.為他提供一個(gè)關(guān)于遲到的不同觀點(diǎn)

D.arelikelytobesuccessfulintheircareersD.有可能在事業(yè)上獲得成功

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞HarrietMellotte可以定位到文章第3段第3句“在我的臨床工作之外(Outside),別人遲到會(huì)讓我特別生氣(getundermyskin)”,說(shuō)明哈里特?梅洛特認(rèn)為那些除了他病人之外的不守時(shí)的人,會(huì)讓他非常生氣。因此B選項(xiàng)“讓他非常惱火”正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“使他更了解他們”,C選項(xiàng)“為他提供一個(gè)關(guān)于遲到的不同觀點(diǎn)”和D選項(xiàng)“有可能在事業(yè)上獲得成功”在文章中均沒(méi)有提及,屬于無(wú)中生有。

51.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

AccordingtoDianaDeLonzor,unpunctualpeople________.根據(jù)戴安娜?德隆佐的說(shuō)法,不守時(shí)的人________。

A.feelashamedofbeinglateA.為遲到而感到羞恥

B.findithardtochangetheirhabitofbeinglateB.發(fā)現(xiàn)很難改變他們遲到的習(xí)慣

C.maygetpleasurebykeepingotherswaitC.可能通過(guò)讓別人等待而獲得快樂(lè)

D.donotexpectotherstobepunctualD.不期望別人守時(shí)

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞DianaDeLonzor可以定位到文章第5段第1、2句“戴安娜?德隆佐在她的書(shū)《永不遲到》中寫(xiě)道:‘雖然有些人從讓別人等待中得到好處,但如果你是典型的這種人,你不會(huì)喜歡遲到?!欢?,遲到仍然是你的宿敵?!?,說(shuō)明戴安娜?德隆佐認(rèn)為不守時(shí)的人很難改變自己遲到的習(xí)慣。因此B選項(xiàng)“發(fā)現(xiàn)很難改變他們遲到的習(xí)慣”正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“為遲到而感到羞恥”出現(xiàn)在上一段,不是戴安娜?德隆佐的觀點(diǎn),屬于張冠李戴;

C選項(xiàng)“可能通過(guò)讓別人等待而獲得快樂(lè)”,文章中提到有些人從讓別人等待中得到好處,并不代表他們從中能獲得快樂(lè),典型的這類(lèi)人不會(huì)喜歡遲到,屬于曲解原文;

D選項(xiàng)“不期望別人守時(shí)”在文章中沒(méi)有提及,屬于無(wú)中生有。

52.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

WhichofthefollowingexcusesforbeinglateisLESSacceptable?以下哪種為遲到找的借口是較難接受的?

A.Doingworkmoreefficientlyunderpressure.A.在壓力下做工作更有效率。

B.Claimingoneselftobeamorningperson.B.聲稱自己是個(gè)早起的人。

C.Explainingthathe/sheeatsslowly.C.解釋他/她吃得很慢。

D.Havinganaccident.D.發(fā)生意外。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞excuses可以定位到文章第6段,本段第2、3句說(shuō)到“但其他的就沒(méi)那么容易消化了(aren’tsoeasytoswallow)。有些人會(huì)把遲到當(dāng)作格局宏大(big-thinking)、關(guān)心比守時(shí)更高深的事情的表現(xiàn),有些人把遲到當(dāng)作一種可愛(ài)的怪癖(anendearingquirk),還有一些人則把遲到看作壓力之下才能把事情做得更好的標(biāo)志(amarkofdoingone’sbestworkunderpressure),或者自認(rèn)為是夜貓子型生物鐘,而非百靈鳥(niǎo)型(havingthebodyclockofanightowlratherthanalark)?!?,由此可知聲稱自己在壓力之下才能把更好地工作這一借口是不太容易讓人接受的。因此A選項(xiàng)“在壓力下做工作更有效率。”正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“聲稱自己是個(gè)早起的人?!焙虲選項(xiàng)“解釋他/她吃得很慢?!痹谖恼轮袥](méi)有提及,屬于無(wú)中生有;

D選項(xiàng)“發(fā)生意外?!?,由第6段第1句“有些借口,尤其是對(duì)于嚴(yán)重遲到的借口,是相當(dāng)普遍令人接

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