考研考博-英語-南昌師范學院考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-南昌師范學院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Parentsoftenfacedthe（）betweendoingwhattheyfeltwasgoodforthedevelopment,ofthechildandwhattheycouldstandbywayofundisciplinednoiseanddestructiveness.

問題1選項

A.junction

B.paradox

C.premise

D.dilemma

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項junction“連接，接合，樞紐”；B選項paradox“自相矛盾的說法”；C選項premise“前提”；D選項dilemma“進退兩難的局面”。句意：父母總是_____的選擇：到底是該做他們自己認為對孩子發(fā)展有益的事，還是該容忍孩子任性的吵鬧和破壞。這里表達的意思是父母面臨兩難的抉擇，因此D選項符合題意。

2.單選題

Thisprojectwould（

）ahugeincreaseindefensespending.

問題1選項

A.result

B.assure

C.entail

D.accomplish

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析。句意:這個項目必須要在國防上的開支。

Result導致;assure保證,使某人相信;entail使是必需的;accomplish完成,實現(xiàn)(目標)，多用于完成某項任務或目標。因此C項符合句意。

3.單選題

Thephonehasrungsooftentodaythatitisbecomea/an（

）.

問題1選項

A.interruption

B.frustration

C.distress

D.nuisance

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項interruption“中斷，干擾”；B選項frustration“挫折”；C選項distress“危難，不幸”；D選項nuisance“麻煩事”。句意：今天電話響了很多次，真煩人。選項D符合句意。

4.單選題

Afterhewaspraisedforwhathehaddone,hesaid,“I______evenbetterunderharderconditions.”

問題1選項

A.woulddo

B.wouldhavedone

C.did

D.haddone

【答案】B

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。under引導一個非真實條件句，表示與過去事實相反，謂語動詞應該用wouldhavedone，故B項正確。句意：在他的所作所為受到表揚后，他說，“在更艱苦的條件下，我會做得更好?！币虼?，該題選擇B項正確。

5.填空題

Directions:Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Ftofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Thereisoneextrachoice,whichdoesnotfitinanyoftheblanks.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

(41)Afterbeingtoutedintheearly1990sas“themedicineofthefuture,”genetherapyleftan18-year-olddeadandthreeotherswithleukemia;inJulyitwastiedtothedeathofa36-year-oldIllinoiswomanundergoingtreatmentforrheumatoidarthritis,althoughfurtherinvestigationclearedhertherapyoftheblame.Genetherapyscientists,however,believetheycanputthebadnewsbehindthem,thankstoahandfulofrecentdevelopmentsandothersjustoverthehorizon.

(42)Researchersinitiallyplannedtotreathereditarydisorderssuchascysticfibrosis,inwhichnormalgeneproductsaredeficient,bydeliveringfunctionalcopiesofmissinggenestocellsthatneedthem.Sincethen,scientistshaveexpandedgenetherapy’spossibleapplicationstoinclude“training”immunecellstohuntdowncancer,buildingnewbloodvesselsandmakingtheimmunesystemresistanttoinfection.

“Wereallydon’tknowthefulldimensionofwhatitcando,”saysArthurNienhuis,ahematologistatSt.JudeChildren’sResearchHospitalinMemphisandpresidentoftheAmericanSocietyofGeneTherapy(ASGT).Inadditionto12cancertreatmentsandahearttreatmentcurrentlyinlargephaseIIIclinicaltrials,therehavebeenahandfulofearly-stagedevelopments:inJunedoctorsatNewYork—PresbyterianHospitalannouncedpromisingresultsfromaphaseItrialforParkinson’sdisease;atherapythathasrestoredsightto70congenitallyblinddogsisbeingtestedinhumansattheUniversityofPennsylvania;andeightresearchgroupsaregearinguptotestnewHIVtreatments.(43)

(44)Itcantargetonlythosetissuesthatneedit,“whichisamajorcontrastwithtraditionalpharmacotherapy,whereyoutakeapillorreceiveaninjection,andavery,verysmallportionoftheinjectedoringesteddrugactuallyarrivesatthe[correct]site,”saysDavidDichek,acardiologistattheUniversityofWashington.Butensuringthatthegenereachesitstargetisnosmallfeat.Trialscanskirtthisproblemwhentargetedcellscanbeinjecteddirectlyoreasilyremoved-withthelattermethod,doctorscanmanipulateisolatedcellsinthelabandreplacetheminthepatientlater.Butgettinggenestoinaccessibletargetshasbeenoneofthefield’sbiggesthurdles.

(45)Virusesaregoodatdeliveringgeneticpayloadstocells;afterall,thatiswhattheydo.Ifscientistsstripvirusesoftheirgeneticmaterialandreplaceitwiththerapeuticgenes,viruseswilldeliverthispayloadtothecellsinstead.Differentvirusesdodifferentthings—someattacktheliver,othersnerves;someinserttheirDNAintothehostgenome,othersdonot—sophysicianscanchoosethosethatbestsuittheirpurposesandfurtherengineerthemifneedbe.“There’sbeenalotofefforttosteervirusestogospecificplaces,”saysDonaldKohn,animmunologistattheKeckSchoolofMedicineoftheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniaandChildrenHospitalLosAngeles.

A.Evenifgenetherapyconquersthesechallenges,williteverovercomeitsnegativereputation?

B.Whatmakesgenetherapysopromisingalsomakesitextremelychallenging.

C.Mostscientistsusemodifiedvirusesas“vectors”todelivergenetherapy.

D.AlthoughnogenetherapieshaveyetbeenapprovedbytheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministration,morethan800trialsareongoing;Chinahasapprovedtwocancertreatments,buttheirefficacyremainsunclear.

E.Thepast15yearshavebeenarollercoasterforgenetherapy.

F.Genetherapydescribesanytreatmentinwhichdoctorsinsertnewormodifiedgenesintoaperson’scellstotreatorpreventdisease.

【答案】41.E

42.F

43.D

44.B

45.C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.Evenifgenetherapyconquersthesechallenges,williteverovercomeitsnegativereputation?A.即使基因療法克服了這些挑戰(zhàn)，它能克服它的負面名聲嗎？

B.Whatmakesgenetherapysopromisingalsomakesitextremelychallenging.B.基因治療如此有前途的同時也極具挑戰(zhàn)性。

C.Mostscientistsusemodifiedvirusesas“vectors”todelivergenetherapy.C.大多數(shù)科學家使用改良病毒作為載體來進行基因治療。

D.AlthoughnogenetherapieshaveyetbeenapprovedbytheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministration,morethan800trialsareongoing;Chinahasapprovedtwocancertreatments,buttheirefficacyremainsunclear.D.盡管美國食品和藥物管理局尚未批準基因療法，但有800多項試驗正在進行中；中國已經(jīng)批準了兩種癌癥療法，但療效尚不清楚。

E.Thepast15yearshavebeenarollercoasterforgenetherapy.E.過去的15年是基因治療的過山車。

F.Genetherapydescribesanytreatmentinwhichdoctorsinsertnewormodifiedgenesintoaperson’scellstotreatorpreventdisease.F.基因療法指的是醫(yī)生將新的或修改過的基因注入人體細胞以治療或預防疾病的任何一種治療方法。

41.空格處位于句首，推測空格處為段落主旨句。下文中主要提到“基因療法在20世紀90年代初被吹捧為未來的藥物，后來導致一名18歲的人死亡，另有三人患上白血病等”，E選項“過去的15年是基因治療的過山車”很好地總結了這一段的大意，因此，該題選擇E項。

42.空格下文中分別提到研究者和科學家對基因療法的研究和利用，F(xiàn)項是對基因療法概念和用途的介紹。因此，該題選擇F項“基因療法指的是醫(yī)生將新的或修改過的基因注入人體細胞以治療或預防疾病的任何一種治療方法”恰當。

43.該段主要講的是關于基因療法的臨床試驗和早期發(fā)展情況，所以最后一句應該是和基因療法的發(fā)展相關，D項“盡管美國食品和藥物管理局尚未批準基因療法，但有800多項試驗正在進行中；中國已經(jīng)批準了兩種癌癥療法，但療效尚不清楚”符合該段段意。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

44.上一段提到了基因療法可觀的發(fā)展前景，下文卻提到基因療法面臨的問題和障礙，可以推測空格處為一個承上啟下的過渡句，B選項“基因治療如此有前途的同時也極具挑戰(zhàn)性”符合。

45.空格處位于句首，推測空格處為段落主旨句。下文主要提到病毒的特點和作用，以及科學家對病毒的利用，C項“大多數(shù)科學家使用改良病毒作為載體來進行基因治療”符合該段落大意。因此，該題選擇C項恰當。

6.單選題

Mutualrespectforterritorial______isoneofthebasesuponwhichourtwocountriesdeveloprelationships.

問題1選項

A.unity

B.integrity

C.entirely

D.reliability

【答案】B

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。unity“統(tǒng)一”；integrity“完整，正直”;entirely“完全地”；reliability“可靠性”。句意：對領土完整的相互尊重是兩國關系發(fā)展的基礎之一。選項B符合題意。

7.單選題

Unfortunatelymostofthesciencefictionfilmsofthe1970swerenotmuchinfluencedby2001:ASpaceOdyssey.SkillfullydirectedbyStanleyKubrick,2001,whichappearedin1968,setnewstandardsforsciencefictionfilms.Duringthenextdecade,everyoneofthedozensofsciencefictionmoviesreleasedwascomparesto2001,andallbutafewwerefoundsadlytacking.

Admittedly,Kubrickhadoneofthelargestbudgetseverforafilmofthiskind,but,inmyopinion,muchofthemovie’spowerandappealwasachievedthroughrelativelyinexpensivemeans.Forexample,themusicalscorewhichwasadaptedinlargepartfromwell-knownclassicalcompositions,wasreinforcedbytheuseofalmostkaleidoscopicvisualeffects,especiallyduringthespacetravelsequences.Spectacularcameraworkwaseditedtocorrespondpreciselytotheebbandflowofthemusic.

After2001,thedominantthemeofsciencefictionfilmsshiftedfromtheadventuresofspacetraveltotheproblemscreatedonearthbyman’smismanagementofthenaturalenvironmentandtheabuseoftechnologybyatotalitarianstate.Overpopulationandtheaccompanyingshortagesoffoodpromptthestatetoimposeextraordinarycontrolsonitscitizens.Nofewerthantwenty-ninefilmsweremadearoundthisthemeintheyearsbetween1970and1977,includingSurvivorsandChronicles.

Intheopinionofthisreviewer,untilStarWarswasreleasedin1977,sciencefictionfilmwerereducedtoshallowsymbolismdisguisingtoagreaterorlesserdegreeaseriesofrepetitiveplots.ButStarWarswasdifferent.Itofferedusareturntoimaginativevoyagesinspaceandconfrontationwithintelligentlifeonotherplanets.Unliketheothersciencefictionfilmsofthedecade,StarWarspresentedtechnologyashavingsolvedratherthanaggravatedecologicalproblems.Thespecialeffectscreatedtosimulatespacevehicleshurtlingthroughtheblacknessoftheuniversewerereminiscentoftheartisticstandardssetby2001.

1.Intheauthor’sopinion,mostofsciencefictionfilmsreleasedinthe1970swere（

）.

2.Thethemeofthemajorityofsciencefictionfilmsmadebetween1970and1977was

（

）.

3.Intheauthor’sopinion,whywas2001successful?

4.Whatdoestheauthormostobjecttointhesciencefictionmoviesofthe1970s?

問題1選項

A.betterthan2001:ASpaceOdyssey

B.Notasgoodas2001:ASpaceOdyssey

C.almostthesameasStarWars

D.betterthanStarWars

問題2選項

A.spacetravel

B.lifeonotherplanets

C.ecologicalproblemsonearth

D.warsbetweentheearthandotherplanets

問題3選項

A.Becauseitsbudgetwaslarge.

B.Becauseitscameraworkandmusicalscorewereblendedartistically.

C.Becauseitsplotwasrepetitive.

D.Becauseitssymbolismwasverygood.

問題4選項

A.Heobjectstotheircamerawork.

B.Hedoesnotliketheirmusic.

C.Hebelievesthattheirstoriesaretoomuchalike.

D.Hecriticizestheirspecialeffects.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“在作者看來，大部分70年代上映的科幻電影……”。文章第一段第一句提到“不幸的是20世紀70年代大大部分科幻電影很少受《2001太空漫游》的影響”（Unfortunatelymostofthesciencefictionfilmsofthe1970swerenotmuchinfluencedby2001:ASpaceOdyssey）；第一段最后一句提到“在接下來的十年里，所有上映的科幻電影都被拿來與2001做比較，但是除了少數(shù)幾部電影外，其他的都不怎么樣”（Duringthenextdecade,everyoneofthedozensofsciencefictionmoviesreleasedwascomparesto2001,andallbutafewwerefoundsadlytacking），由此可知，其他的電影不如2001:ASpaceOdyssey，選項B符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“大部分1979年到1977年間的科幻電影主題是……”。文章第三段第一句提到“在《2001太空漫游》之后，科幻電影的主題從太空旅行轉移到因人類對自然環(huán)境管理不善和極權主義國家對技術的濫用而導致的地球問題上”（After2001,thedominantthemeofsciencefictionfilmsshiftedfromtheadventuresofspacetraveltotheproblemscreatedonearthbyman’smismanagementofthenaturalenvironmentandtheabuseoftechnologybyatotalitarianstate），所以選項C“地球生態(tài)問題”符合題意。

3.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“為什么2001會成功，作者的觀點是什么”。文章第二段提到“引人入勝的攝影工作被編輯來響應起伏的音樂”（Spectacularcameraworkwaseditedtocorrespondpreciselytotheebbandflowofthemusic），選項B“因為它的攝影工作與音樂是藝術的融合”符合題意。

4.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“對于20世紀70年代的科幻電影，作者反對的是……”。文章第三段提到1970到1977年間29部電影圍繞著同一個主題；最后一段提到“在這位影評家看來，直到1977年《星球大戰(zhàn)》上映之前，科幻電影或多或少出現(xiàn)一系列重復情節(jié)”（Intheopinionofthisreviewer,untilStarWarswasreleasedin1977,sciencefictionfilmwerereducedtoshallowsymbolismdisguisingtoagreaterorlesserdegreeaseriesofrepetitiveplots），選項C“作者認為它們的故事情節(jié)有太多相似之處”符合題意。

8.填空題

UnemploymentintheWest:Thequestforjobs

Itisnot（1）forpoliticianstoreducetheWest'sfrighteninglyhighunemploymentlevels.

ALITTLFgeographicalimaginationhelpstoconveythescaleofjoblessnessintheWest.Ifthe44mpeoplewhoare（2）inthemainlyrichmembersoftheOECDlivedinonecountry,itspopulationwouldbesimilarto（3）.InSpainitself,whichhastheWest'shighestjoblessrate(21%),thenumberofpeople（4）workmatchesthecombinedpopulationofMadridandBarcelona.InAmericathe14mpeopleofficiallyjoblesswould（5）thefifth-most-populousstateintheunion.Andinthe11m“underemployed”,whoareworkinglessthantheywouldlike,anditisthesizeofTexas.

Thelandscapeisnotuniformlybleak.Germany,forexample,nowhasa（6）joblessratethanbeforethefinancialcrisis.Butinmostoftherichworldthe（7）ofpeopleunemployed,thoughdownabitfromitspeakin2009,（8）stillalarminglyhigh,evenasfearsmountthatseveralcountriesmaybeslippingbackintorecession.Andthehumancostoftheeconomiccrisisispaidlargely（9）thosewhoareoutofwork,forjoblessnessincreasesdepression,divorce,substanceabuseandprettymucheverythingthatcango（10）inalife.

Worse,today'sjoblessnessisaparticularlydangeroussort.Adisproportionateshareofthoseoutofworkarcyoung,andyouthunemploymentleavesmorescars,intermsoflowerfuturewagesandgreaterlikelihoodoffutureunemployment.

【答案】1.impossible

2.unemployed

3.Spain’s

4.without

5.form

6.lower

7.number

8.is

9.by

10.wrong

【解析】1.詞匯題。該處句型為:Itis...forsb.todosth.,因此應填入一個形容詞。根據(jù)文章可推測,此處句意為:對于政客們來說，降低西方國家令人為之恐懼的高失業(yè)率并不是不可能。

2.詞匯題?？崭袼趶木錇槎ㄕZ從句,修飾先行詞44mpeople,前句句意為:一張小的地理圖片便能有助于映射出西方國家的失業(yè)情況。因此空格處應該指的是“失業(yè)人群”。

3.詞匯題。根據(jù)空格后的“InSpainitself(就西班牙本身而言)”可知,前面涉及的應該是西班牙的現(xiàn)狀。這里應該指:失業(yè)人口和西班牙人口相一致。

4.詞匯題。此處句意為:沒有工作的人數(shù)與馬德里和巴塞羅那的人口總數(shù)相當。

5.詞匯題?？崭袼诰湟鉃?在美國，官方統(tǒng)計的失業(yè)人口為1400萬，足以……該國的第五大州。因此此處填入form表示“組成”。

6.詞匯題。根據(jù)前句句意“西方這景象也不全是這么慘淡”可推測此處表示:與金融危機之前扣比，德國如今的失業(yè)率卻相對較低。

7.詞匯題。該處表示“失業(yè)人群的數(shù)量”,因此填入number比較合適。

8.語法題?？崭裉帒钊胫骶涞闹^語動詞。主語是“proportion比例”,而且空格后是副詞和形容詞,所以此處填入系動詞is。

9.固定搭配。Bepaidby由…承擔，由…支付。

10.固定搭配。Gowrong誤入歧途。

9.翻譯題

Passage1

對于阿爾茨海默(Alzheimer’s)病來說,那是個重要的星期。美國公共廣播公司(PBS)播出了一部有關阿爾茨海默病的優(yōu)秀紀錄片《遺忘》。此外,科學界喜訊頻傳,給眾多與病魔做斗爭的家庭以及即可能患病的生育高峰出生的一代帶來了希望。雖然目前還沒有治愈的辦法,但科學家們在若干前沿領域的研宄取得了新的成果。包括大劑量服用維生素；聯(lián)合治療和大腦成像技術等。

Passage2

渴望提高效率的人們總是以克服浪費時間的習慣作為起點,但我卻認為那是錯誤的。培養(yǎng)個人習慣來的要慢一些,首先要明確目的。如果你沒有明確目的,只是嘗試用高效的習慣去排擠無效的習慣,那結果只有失敗。你需要一個宏大的,有吸引力的目標來激發(fā)自己。能從工作時間時擠出15分鐘的原因,就是因為你由于更好的利用這15分鐘產(chǎn)生的激情。

Passage3

1957年發(fā)射的第一顆人造衛(wèi)星使美國大為震驚,并促使他們釆取行動。在這一過程中,美國人提出了衛(wèi)星導航系統(tǒng)的構想,并稱其為GPS。它徹底地解決了在地球這個三維空間中如何確定位置的問題。GPS技術己被用于各種活動,但其最高機密是其作為鐘表的價值。和銀行、電訊、甚至電力網(wǎng)等相關的對時間要求較高的一些作業(yè)己越來越依賴GPS。

ChooseONLYONEpassagefromthefollowingpassageandtranslateitaswellasyoucan.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.Ifmorethanonetranslationappearsonyouranswersheet,onlythefirstortheindicatedonewouldbescored.

【答案】10.單選題

Mr.Greenhasrecentlybeen（

）ofthecompany.

問題1選項

A.appointedtopresident.

B.appointedpresident

C.appointedapresident

D.appointedthepresident

【答案】B

【解析】句意:格林先生最近升任公司董事長了。

語法題?？疾楣谠~。根據(jù)冠詞的語法規(guī)則,職位前不加冠詞。而且appoint是及物動詞,后面直接接賓語president。故選B.

11.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish

朋友來訪，站在我的書櫥前流連忘返，見他一副癡迷的樣子，我故作豪爽地說：“喜歡看什么說就先拿去吧。”嘴上雖然這么說，其實心里還是很不情愿的，書像是自己的孩子，是生命的另一部分，生生被別人抱去，總是有點舍不得，朋友沒有看出我的小算盤，只顧聽了我的話，在書櫥里挑三揀四地翻出幾本書來，竟都是我喜歡的，時不時要拿出來讀讀的那種。但是潑出來的水是收不回來了，何況因為幾本書，也顯得太小家子氣。

【答案】Afriendofminecametoseeme.Hestoodbeforemybookcaselookingoverthebooks.Atthesightofhimlingeringbeforeitwithraptattention,Ipretendedtobegenerous,“Takeanyasyoulike.”Isaidthatinspiteofmyself.ActuallyIwasreluctant,forIregardedmybooksasmychildren,partofmylife.HowcouldIbearthembeingtornawayfromme.Myfriendtookmeatmywordandbeganchoosingbookstohisliking.Unfortunatelyhispickhappenedtobemyfavorites,thoseI’dliketoreadandrereadnowandthen.ButIcouldn’tgobackonmyword,forwhat’sdonecan’tbeundone.Toregretforlendingafewbookswouldmakemelooknarrow-minded.

12.翻譯題

2.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.

和平與發(fā)展是當今世界的兩大主題。維護世界和平，加強友好合作，促進共同發(fā)展是各國人民的共同愿望。當前，貧困、失業(yè)、難民、犯罪、人口膨脹、環(huán)境惡化、毒品泛濫、恐怖主義等問題仍然嚴峻，影響著全球的穩(wěn)定與發(fā)展。中國與西方國家雖然國情不同，但在一系列重大國際問題上具有廣泛一致的利益。我對中國同西方各國關系的改善與發(fā)展感到高興。中國政府和人民愿在相互新生和平等互利的基礎上，同包括西方國家在內(nèi)的世界各國政府和人民一道，為和平與發(fā)展的崇高事業(yè)做出貢獻。

【答案】參考譯文：Peaceanddevelopmentarethetwomajorthemesintoday'sworld.Themaintenanceofworldpeace,strengtheningfriendshipandcooperationandpromotingcommondevelopmentarethecommonaspirationofallpeoples.Atpresent,poverty,unemployment,refugees,crime,apopulationexplosion,environmentaldegradation,drugtrafficking,terrorismandotherissuesarestillsevereandaffectglobalstabilityanddevelopment.AlthoughChinaandwesterncountrieshavedifferentnationalconditions,bothsideshavebroadlyconsistentinterestsinaseriesofmajorinternationalissues.IamdelightedtoseetheimprovementanddevelopmentoftheconnectionbetweenChinaandwestcountries.ThegovernmentandpeopleofChinawouldliketodevotetothegreatpeaceanddevelopmentonthebasisofmutualtrustandequalityandmutualbenefitwithallthepeopleandallthegovernmentsincludingwestcountries.

13.問答題

Filmmakersunderstandablylosemuchoftheirinterestinthegenre,(appealto)

【答案】Itisunderstandablethatthegenredoesn’tappealtofilmmakersmuch.

14.單選題

Whatexactlyisalie?Isitanythingwesaywhichweknowisuntrue?Orisitsomethingmorethanthat?Forexample,supposeafriendwantstoborrowsomemoneyfromyou.Yousay,"IwishIcouldhelpyoubutI'mshortofmoneymyself."Infact,youarenotshortofmoneybutyourfriendisinthehabitofnotpayinghisdebtsandyoudon'twanttohurthisfeelingsbyremindinghimofthis.Isthisreallyalie?

ProfessorJerealdJellisonoftheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniahasmadeascientificstudyoflying.Accordingtohim,womenarebetterliarsthanmen,particularlywhentellinga"whitelie",suchaswhenawomanatapartytellsanotherwomanthatshelikesherdresswhenshereallythinksitlooksawful.However,thisisonlyonesideofthestory.Otherresearcherssaythatmenaremorelikelytotellmoreseriouslies,suchasmakingapromisewhichtheyhavenointentionoffulfilling.Thisisthekindofliepoliticiansandbusinessmenaresupposedtobeparticularlyskilledat:theliefromwhichtheliarhopestoprofitorgaininsomeway.

Researchhasalsobeendoneintothewayofpeople'sbehaviorchangesinanumberofsmall,apparentlyunimportantwayswhentheylie.Ithasbeenfoundthatiftheyaresittingdownatthetime,theytendtomoveaboutintheirchairsmorethanusual.Tothetrainedobservertheyaresaying“IwishIweresomewhereelsenow”.Theyalsotendtotouchcertainpartsofthefacemoreoften,inparticularthenose.Oneexplanationofthismaybethatlyingcausesaslightincreaseinbloodpressure.Thetipofthenoseisverysensitivetosuchchangesandtheincreasedpressuremakesititch（癢）.

AnothergesturewhichgivesliarsawayiswhatthewriterDesmondMorrisinhisbookManWatchingcalls“themouthcover”.Hesaysthereareseveraltypicalformsofthis,suchascoveringpartofthemouthwithfingers,touchingtheupper-liporputtingafingerofthehandatonesideofthemouth.Suchagesturecanbeinterpretedasanunconsciousattemptonthepartoftheliartostophimselforherselffromlying.

Ofcourse,suchgesturesasrubbingthenoseorcoveringthemouth,ormovingaboutinachaircannotbetakenasproofthatthespeakerislying.Theysimplytendtooccurmorefrequentlyinthissituation.Itisnotonegesturealonethatgivestheliarawaybutawholenumberofthings,and,inparticular,thecontextinwhichthelieistold.

1.Onesometimestellsone'sfrienda“whitelie”becauseonewantsto

（

）.

2.Oneresearchsuggeststhatwomen（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat

（

）.

4.Peoplemayrubtheirnoseswhentheyliebecause

（

）.

5.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethat（

）.

問題1選項

A.makeaprofitfromtheotherperson

B.avoidoffendingtheotherperson

C.convincetheotherperson

D.havesomefun

問題2選項

A.generallylifefarmorethanmen

B.tendtotellmoreseriousliesthanmen

C.makemorepromisestheycanfulfillthanmen

D.arebetterattellinglessseriousliesthanmen

問題3選項

A.politicianstendtotellintentionallies

B.menarelessskilledattellinglies

C.businessmenseldombreaktheirpromises

D.womentendtomakefalsepromises

問題4選項

A.theysufferfromhighbloodpressureatthetime

B.thenoseisthemostsensitivepartofthehumanbody

C.thenoserevealstheliarmoreeasilythantheotherpartsoftheface

D.theydosoinordertostopthemselvesfromtellingmorelies

問題5選項

A.liescaneasilybedetectedbycarefulobservers

B.liesareusuallyaccompaniedbystrangegestures

C.peopleareabletotellaliewhentheyhearotherslying

D.aliarmaygiveawayhisorherintentionunconsciously

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)下文的舉例：比如一個女士在派對上對另一個女士說，她喜歡她的衣服，而實際上她覺得它看起來很糟糕。由此可推測，這樣說是為了避免冒犯他人，選項B正確。

2.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句“Otherresearcherssaythatmenaremorelikelytotellmoreseriouslies...”其他研究人員表示，男性更有可能說一些更嚴重的謊言。選項D是對原文的反向表達，意思是一致的，所以正確。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Thisisthekindofliepoliticiansandbusinessmenaresupposedtobeparticularlyskilledat:theliefromwhichtheliarhopestoprofitorgaininsomeway.”這是政客和商人應該特別擅長的謊言：說謊者希望從謊言中獲利或在某些方面得到好處。由此可推測，政客們傾向于故意說謊，選項A符合原文。

4.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段的最后兩句“Oneexplanationofthismaybethatlyingcausesaslightincreaseinbloodpressure.Thetipofthenoseisverysensitivetosuchchangesandtheincreasedpressuremakesititch.”對此的一種解釋可能是說謊會導致血壓輕微升高。鼻尖對于這種變化非常敏感，血壓增加會使它發(fā)癢。選項A符合原文。

5.推理判斷題。本題可采用排除法。選項A和C在文中沒有提及；選項B符合原文；選項D無法直接從文中的信息推導出來，所以選項B更恰當。

15.單選題

It’scloudyoutside.Pleasetakeanumbrella.

_____.

問題1選項

A.Yes,takeiteasy.

B.Well,itjustdepends.

C.OK.Justinease.

D.Allright,you’rewelcome.

【答案】C

【解析】考查句意理解。句意：外面多云，請帶傘。_____。所以回答應該是：好的，為了以防萬一。A項“是的，慢慢來”；B項“僅僅取決于”；D項“不客氣”。根據(jù)句意選C。

16.單選題

Ofcourse,therearepictureswhichcanbeinterpretedinmorethanoneway,andevenpicturesforwhichthereisno（

）interpretation.

問題1選項

A.plausible

B.applicable

C.reliable

D.comprehensible

【答案】A

【解析】考察形容詞辨析。plausible“看似合理的”；applicable“可應用的”；reliable“可以信賴的”；comprehensible“可以理解的”。句意：當然，有些畫作可以從多種角度來理解，而有些畫作卻難以得到合理的解讀。選項A符合句意。

17.問答題

ThedropinthepriceofBrentcrudefromahighofmorethan$115abarrelinJunetolessthan

A

$60earlierthismonthhasputextramoneyintoconsumer’spocketsandboosted

B

C

fuel-intensivebusinesses,whilecuttingoilcompanies’revenuesandstokingfinancialcrisesin

D

oil-producingcountriesincludingRussiaandVenezuela.

【答案】試題答案：C;consumers’

【解析】考查名詞所有格。根據(jù)語義可知此處的消費者不止一個，以s結尾的復數(shù)名詞的所有格直接加“'”，consumers’意為“消費者的”。

18.單選題

Heavyfightinghasbeengoingonaftertheguerrillashad（）theiroffensiveattackonlocalforce.

問題1選項

A.undertaken

B.launched

C.begun

D.embarked

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。undertake“承擔”；launch“發(fā)射”；begin“開始”；embark“出發(fā)”。本句意為“游擊隊開始對當?shù)剀婈牥l(fā)動進攻后，激烈的戰(zhàn)斗一直在進行”。begin符合句意，表達進攻從開始就一直進行著。因此選項C正確。

19.單選題

Acompletelynewsituationisboundto（）whentheexaminationsystemisintroduced.

問題1選項

A.rise

B.arise

C.raise

D.arouse

【答案】B

【解析】近義詞辨析。句意：當考試制度被引入時，必然會出現(xiàn)一個全新的局面。arise沒有“上升”之意，多指“產(chǎn)生、發(fā)生和出現(xiàn)”，常用于抽象事物。所以選項B正確。

20.翻譯題

許多人覺得跟計算機打交道比跟人打交道更自在。計算機更有耐心，不會對操作的人評頭論足。許多學生向教師請教的時候，總會感到緊張，他們樂于向計算機提問。有些病人更愿意向計算機而不是向醫(yī)生說明自己的病情，甚至出現(xiàn)了能夠解決心理問題的計算機程序，因為許多人覺得與別人討論自己的心理問題不太自在。

【答案】答：

Manypeoplefeelthatit’smorecomfortabletodealwithcomputersthanwithpeople.Theywillnotfeeljudgedbecausethecomputerismorepatient.Manystudentsfeelnervouswhentheyaskteachersforadvice,sotheyaremorewillingtoturntocomputers.Somepatientsprefertoexplaintheirillnesstoacomputerratherthanadoctor.Asaresult,thereareevencomputerprogramsthatcandealwithpsychologicalproblems,becausemanyfeeluncomfortablediscussingtheirpsychologicalproblemswithothers.

21.單選題

Facedwiththe（）difficulties,theyaredeterminedtocarryontheirprogram.

問題1選項

A.satisfactory

B.attributable

C.intangible

D.innocent

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項satisfactory“滿意的，符合要求的”；B選項attributable“歸屬的，屬性的”；C選項intangible“無形的，觸摸不到的，難以理解的”；D選項innocent“無辜的，無罪的”。句意：面對無形的困難，他們下定決心繼續(xù)他們的項目。由選項意思和句意可知，C選項符合句意。

22.單選題

Betweenabout1910and1930,newartisticmovementsinEuropeanartweremakingthemselvesfeltintheUnitedStates.AmericanartistsbecameacquaintedwiththenewartontheirtripstoParisandattheexhibitionsinthefamousNewYorkgallery"291”(namedafteritsaddressontheFifthAvenue)ofthephotographerAlfredStieglitz.ButthemostimportantinthespreadofthemodernmovementsintheUnitedStateswasthesensationalArmoryShowof1913heldinNewYork,inwhichtheworksofmanyoftheleadingEuropeanartistswereseenalongwiththeworksofanumberofprogressiveAmericanpainters.

SeveraloftheAmericanmodernistswhowereinfluencedbytheArmoryShowfoundtheurbanlandscape,especiallyNewYork,anappealingsubject.Comparedwiththeworksoftherealistpainters,theworksofAmericanmodernistsweremuchfurtherremovedfromtheactualappearanceofthecity.Theyweremoreinterestedinthe“feel”ofthecity,moreconcernedwiththemeaningbehindappearance.However,boththepaintersofthe"AshCanSchool"andthelaterrealistswerestilltiedtonineteenthcenturyorearlierstyles,whiletheearlymodernistssharedintheinternationalbreakthroughsoftheartofthetwentiethcentury.

ThegreatestofthesebreakthroughswasCubism,developedmostfullyinFrancebetween1907and1914,whichbroughtaboutamajorrevolutionsincetheRenaissance.InCubismnaturalformswerebrokendownanalyticallyintogeometricshapes.Nolongerwasacleardifferentiationmadebetweenthefigureandthebackgroundofapainting.Theobjectsrepresentedandthesurfaceonwhichtheywerepaintedbecameone.TheCubistsabandonedtheconventionalsinglevantagepointoftheviewer,andobjectsdepictedfrommultipleviewpointswereshownatthesametime.

1.Withwhattopicisthepassageprimarilyconcerned?

2.WhichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasameansthroughwhichAmericanartistslearnedaboutnewmovements?

3.WhydoestheauthormentionAlfredStieglitz?

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwasamajornewmovementinthetwentieth-centuryart?

5.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingwasafavoritesubjectforAmericanmodernists?

問題1選項

A.ThedevelopmentofCubism.

B.ModemartmovementsintheUnitedStates.

C.ContemporaryartistsintheUnitedStates.

D.Theinfluenceofphotographyonlandscapepainters.

問題2選項

A.Lessonsfromsuccessfulartists

B.Theexhibitionsatthegallery"291"

C.TripstoEurope

D.TheArmoryShowof1913

問題3選項

A.Todemonstratethatphotographywasthemajorinfluenceinmodemart.

B.Tocomparehimtootherartistsofthetime.

C.Topointoutthatmanyartistslearnedtheircraftbystudyingwithhi