考研考博-英語-南通師范高等專科學(xué)?？荚囇侯}卷含答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-南通師范高等專科學(xué)?？荚囇侯}卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Theyhave____mostcarefullythetimeandthematerialsneededtocompletetheproject.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pickedout

B.leftout

C.takenout

D.figuredout

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.pickedout辨認(rèn)出；挑選B.leftout排除

C.takenout除掉；帶某人出去（吃飯或看電影等）D.figuredout計(jì)算出；想出；弄明白

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】句意：他們已經(jīng)非常仔細(xì)地……完成這項(xiàng)工程所需的時(shí)間和材料。根據(jù)句意，完成這項(xiàng)工程所需的時(shí)間和材料是需要他們仔細(xì)地計(jì)算出來的。因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)均不符合句意。

【句意】他們已經(jīng)非常仔細(xì)地計(jì)算出完成這項(xiàng)工程所需的時(shí)間和材料。

2.單選題

Wehaveinvested（

）￡80,000inthisproject,buttillnowthereisnohopeforustogetapennyback.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.subsequently

B.unexpectedly

C.approximately

D.reluctantly

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。subsequently“隨后”；unexpectedly“出乎意料地”；approximately“大約”；reluctantly“不情愿地”。句意：盡管我們已在這個(gè)項(xiàng)目上投資了大約8萬英鎊，但是直到現(xiàn)在我們拿回一分錢的希望都沒有。C項(xiàng)最符合句意，故答案C

3.單選題

Asurveyearlierthisyearfoundthatabout50percentofSouthAfricansthinkthat“most”or“almostall”governmentalofficialsareinvolvedin（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.robbery

B.violation

C.corruption

D.stealing

【答案】C

【解析】robbery搶劫，盜竊；violation侵害；corruption貪污，腐敗；stealing偷竊。句意：今年早些時(shí)候的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，大約50%的南非人認(rèn)為“大多數(shù)”或“幾乎所有”政府官員都與腐敗有關(guān)。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

4.單選題

Somecinema-goersinLeipzigevenconfessedthatthefilmhadmadethemfeelemotionalandslightly（

）fortheirrecentpast.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.nostalgic

B.instinctive

C.intuitive

D.mirthful

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“鄉(xiāng)愁的，懷舊的”；B選項(xiàng)“本能的，天生的，直覺的”;C選項(xiàng)“直覺的”;D選項(xiàng)“愉快的，高興的”；根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞emotional和theirrecentpast以及句意‘萊比錫的一些電影觀眾甚至承認(rèn)，這部電影觸動(dòng)了他們的情感，有點(diǎn)懷念他們的過去’確定A選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Thepatient’sprogresswasencouraging,ashecould（

）getoutofbedwithouthelp.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.only

B.nearly

C.hardly

D.badly

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞辨析?？崭窈笫莿?dòng)詞，因此空格處填入副詞修飾。A選項(xiàng)only“只，僅僅”；B選項(xiàng)nearly“差不多；密切地”；C選項(xiàng)hardly“幾乎不；剛剛”；D選項(xiàng)badly“非常；嚴(yán)重地”。句意：病人的進(jìn)步是令人鼓舞的，因?yàn)樗恍枰獛椭湍芟麓?。由句中“encouraging”可知，此處表示病人“幾乎不需要幫助就可下床”，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Ourshasbecomeasocietyofemployees.AhundredyearsorsoagoonlyoneoutofeveryfiveAmericansatworkwasemployed,i.e.workedforsomebodyelse.Todayonlyoneoutoffiveisnotemployedbutworkingforhimself.Andwhenfiftyyearsago"beingemployed"meantworkingasafactorylaborerorasafarmhand,theemployeeoftodayisincreasinglyamiddle-classpersonwithasubstantialformaleducation,holdingaprofessionalormanagementjobrequiringintellectualandtechnicalskills.Indeed,twothingshavecharacterizedAmericansocietyduringtheselastfiftyyears:middle-classandupper-classemployeeshavebeenthefastest-growinggroupsinourworkingpopulation,growingsofastthattheindustrialworker,thatoldestchildoftheIndustrialRevolution,hasbeenlosinginnumericalimportancedespitetheexpansionofindustrialproduction.

Yetyouwillfindlittleifanythingwrittenonwhatitistobeanemployee.Youcanfindagreatdealofverydubiousadviceonhowtogetajoborhowtogetapromotion.Youcanalsofindagooddealofworkinachosenfield,whetheritbethemechanist,tradeorbookkeeping.Everyoneofthesetradesrequiresdifferentskills,setsdifferentstandards,andrequiresadifferentpreparation.Yettheyallhaveemployee-shipincommon.Andincreasingly,especiallyinthelargebusinessoringovernment,employee-shipismoreimportanttosuccessthanthespecialprofessionalknowledgeorskill.Certainlymorepeoplefailbecausetheydonotknowtherequirementsofbeinganemployeeratherthanbecausetheydonotadequatelypossesstheskillsoftheirtrade;thehigheryouclimbtheladder,themoreyougetintoadministrativeorexecutivework,thegreatertheemphasisonabilitytoworkwithintheorganizationratherthanontechnicalabilitiesorprofessionalknowledge.

1.Itisimpliedthatfiftyyearsago（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,withthedevelopmentofmodernindustry,

（

）.

3.Accordingtothewriter,professionalknowledgeorskillis

（

）.

4.Fromthepassageitcanbeseenthatemployee-shiphelpsone（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.eightypercentofAmericanworkingpeoplewereemployedinfactories

B.twentypercentofintellectualswereemployees

C.thepercentageofintellectualsinthetotalworkforcewasalmostthesameasthatofindustrialworkers

D.thepercentageofintellectualsworkingasemployeeswasnotsolargeasthatofindustrialworkers

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.factorylaborerswillovertakeintellectualemployeesinnumber

B.thereareasmanymiddle-classemployeesasfactorylaborers

C.employershaveattachedgreatimportancetofactorylaborers

D.theproportionoffactorylaborersinthetotalemployeepopulationhasdecreased

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.lessimportantthanawarenessofbeingagoodemployee

B.asimportantastheabilitytodealwithpublicrelations

C.moreimportantthanemployer-employeerelations

D.asimportantastheabilitytoco-operatewithothersintheorganization

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.tobemoresuccessfulinhiscareer

B.tosolvetechnicalproblems

C.tobemorespecializedinhisfield

D.todevelophisprofessionalskill

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。由“whenfiftyyearsago“beingemployed”meantworkingasafactorylaborerorasafarmhand,theemployeeoftodayisincreasinglyamiddle-classpersonwithasubstantialformaleducation,holdingaprofessionalormanagementjobrequiringintellectualandtechnicalskills.50年前，“受雇”意味著當(dāng)工廠工人或農(nóng)場(chǎng)工人，而今天的雇員越來越多地是受過正規(guī)教育的中產(chǎn)階級(jí)，從事需要智力和技術(shù)技能的專業(yè)或管理工作。”可知50年前受雇人群以工人為主，技術(shù)類人才較少。故D項(xiàng)正確。C項(xiàng)原文內(nèi)容不符，AB項(xiàng)文中未提及。答案D

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第—段中“middle-classandupper-classemployeeshavebeenthefastest-growinggroupsinourworkingpopulation,growingsofastthattheindustrialworker…h(huán)asbeenlosinginnumericalimportancedespitetheexpansionofindustrialproduction.中產(chǎn)階級(jí)和上層階級(jí)雇員一直是我國(guó)勞動(dòng)人口中增長(zhǎng)最快的群體，其增長(zhǎng)速度如此之快，以至于盡管工業(yè)生產(chǎn)在擴(kuò)大，但工人在數(shù)量上的重要性卻在下降?！笨芍R(shí)分子雇員的數(shù)量增多，而工業(yè)工人的數(shù)量減少。故D項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第二段中Andincreasingly,especiallyinthelargebusinessoringovernment,employee-shipismoreimportanttosuccessthanthespecialprofessionalknowledgeorskill.越來越多的人，尤其是在大企業(yè)或政府部門，員工關(guān)系比特殊的專業(yè)知識(shí)或技能對(duì)成功更重要?？芍狝項(xiàng)“專業(yè)技能或知識(shí)沒有員工關(guān)系重要”是對(duì)原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)換。故A項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:推理判斷題。由第二段中“thehigheryouclimbtheladder,themoreyougetintoadministrativeorexecutivework,thegreatertheemphasisonabilitytoworkwithintheorganizationratherthanontechnicalabilitiesorprofessionalknowledge.你爬得越高，就越會(huì)從事行政或執(zhí)行工作，就越強(qiáng)調(diào)在組織內(nèi)工作的能力，而不是技術(shù)能力或?qū)I(yè)知識(shí)?！笨芍诠緝?nèi)部良好的工作關(guān)系能使人們的職業(yè)生涯更成功。答案A

7.單選題

Ifaman（）himselfandhisfamilyoffoodinordertobuyacat,wecouldconsiderhimmad.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.deprived

B.robbed

C.rejected

D.denied

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)deprive表示“使喪失，剝奪”，deprivesb.ofsth表示“從某人處剝奪某物”；B選項(xiàng)rob表示“搶劫，掠奪；非法剝奪”，robsbofsth表示“搶劫某人的某物；C選項(xiàng)reject表示“拒絕；排斥；抵制；丟棄”；D選項(xiàng)deny表示“否定，否認(rèn)；拒絕給予”，denysb.sth表示“拒絕給予某人某物”。根據(jù)句意可知，如果一位男士為了買一只貓使得自己和家人沒有食物可吃，那么我們會(huì)認(rèn)為他發(fā)瘋了。故A項(xiàng)deprive（使喪失，剝奪）最符合句意。因此，本題正確答案為A項(xiàng)。

8.單選題

Comparedtotheangry,blamingAmericanstance,theChinesewereparagonsofcompromise,findingfaultonbothsidesandlookingforsolutionsthatmovedbothsidestothemiddle.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.facilitators

B.inheritors

C.predecessors

D.models

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。橫線單詞paragons意為“模范；完美之物”；A選項(xiàng)“facilitators”意為“服務(wù)商；促進(jìn)者”；B選項(xiàng)“inheritors”意為“繼承人；后繼者”；C選項(xiàng)“predecessors”意為“前任，前輩”；D選項(xiàng)“models”意為“模型；典型；模范；樣式”。句意：與美國(guó)人憤怒、指責(zé)的立場(chǎng)相比，中國(guó)人是和解的典范，他們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)雙方的問題，尋找能讓雙方走到中間的方案。由題干可知，lookingforsolutionsthatmovedbothsidestothemiddle（尋找能讓雙方和解的方案）說明中國(guó)一貫的做法都是妥協(xié)，尋找讓雙方和解的方法。可推測(cè)出中國(guó)是和解的典范。由此可知，paragons在此處最可能是“模范”的意思。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

9.單選題

TheBritishpsychoanalystJohnBowlbymaintainsthatseparationfromtheparentsduringthesensitive“attachment”periodfrombirthtothreemayscarachild’spersonalityand(predispose)toemotionalproblemsinlaterlife.SomepeoplehavedrawntheconclusionfromBowlby’sworkthatchildrenshouldnotbesubjectedtodaycarebeforetheageofthreebecauseoftheparentalseparationitentails,andmanypeopledobelievethis.Buttherearealsoargumentsagainstsuchastrongconclusion.

Firstly,anthropologistspointoutthattheinsulatedloveaffairbetweenchildrenandparentsfoundinmodernsocietiesdoesnotusuallyexistintraditionalsocieties.Forexample,wesawearlierthatamongtheNgonithefatherandmotherofachilddidnotreartheirinfantalone—farfromit.Secondly,commonsensetellsusthatdaycarewouldnotsowidespreadtodayifparents,caretakersfoundchildrenhadproblemswithit.Statisticalstudiesofthiskindhavenotyetbeencarriedout,andeveniftheywere,theresultswouldbecertaintobecomplicatedandcontroversial.

Thirdly,inthelastdecade,therehavebeenanumberofcarefulAmericanstudiesofchildrenindaycare,andtheyhaveuniformlyreportedthatdaycarehadaneutralorslightlypositiveeffectonchildren'sdevelopment.Butteststhathavehadtobeusedtomeasurethisdevelopmentarenotwidelyenoughacceptedtosettletheissue.

ButBowlby'sanalysisraisesthepossibilitythatearlydaycarehasdelayedeffects.Thepossibilitythatsuchcaremightleadto,say,morementalillnessorcrime15or20yearslatercanonlybeexploredbytheuseofstatistics.Whateverthelong-termeffects,parentssometimesfindtheimmediateeffectsdifficulttodealwith.Childrenunderthreearelikelytoprotestatleavingtheirparentsandshowunhappiness.Attheageofthreeorthreeandahalfalmostallchildrenfindthetransitiontonurseryeasy,andthisisundoubtedlywhymoreandmoreparentsmakeuseofchildcareatthistime.Thematter,then,isfarfromclear-cut,thoughexperienceandavailableevidenceindicatethatearlycareisreasonableforinfants.

1.Thispassageprimarilyarguesthat（

）.

2.Thephrase“predisposeto”(Para.1,line3)mostprobablymeans（

）.

3.AccordingtoBowlby'sanalysis,itisquitepossiblethat（

）.

4.Itisimpliedbutnotstatedinthesecondparagraphthat.

5.Thewriterconcludesthat（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.infantsundertheageofthreeshouldnotbesenttonurseryschools

B.whetherchildrenundertheageofthreeshouldbesenttonurseryschools

C.thereisnotnegativelong-termeffectoninfantswhoaresenttoschoolbeforetheyarethree

D.thereissomenegativeeffectonchildrenwhentheyaresenttoschoolaftertheageofthree

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.leadto

B.disposeto

C.getinto

D.tendtosuffer

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.children'spersonalitieswillbechangedtosomeextentthroughseparationfromtheirparents

B.earlydaycarecandelaytheoccurrenceofmentalillnessinchildren

C.childrenwillbeexposedtomanynegativeeffectsfromearlydaycarelateron

D.somelong-termeffectscanhardlybereducedfromchildren’sdevelopment

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.traditionalsocietiesseparatethechildfromtheparentatanearlyage

B.Childreninmodemsocietiescausemoretroublesthanthoseintraditionalsocieties

C.AchilddidnotlivetogetherwithhisparentsamongtheNgoni

D.Childreninsomesocietiesdidnothaveemotionalproblemswhenseparatedfromtheparents

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.itisdifficulttomakeclearwhatistherightagefornurseryschool

B.Itisnotsettlednowwhetherearlycareisreasonableforchildren

C.Itisnotbeneficialforchildrentobesenttonurseryschool

D.Itisreasonabletosubjectachildabovethreetonurseryschool

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。本文討論的是孩子三歲前是否應(yīng)該去托管所的爭(zhēng)議。

2.詞義題。第一段中predisposetoemotionalproblemsinlaterlife,根據(jù)句意可判斷predispose的意思是“易受到”,D項(xiàng)(tendtosuffer)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位至第一段:…thatseparationfromtheparentsduringthesensitive“attachment”periodfrombirthtothreemayscarachild’spersonalityand(predispose)toemotionalproblemsinlaterlife(在從出生到三歲這段敏感的“依戀”時(shí)期與父母的分離可能會(huì)傷及孩子的人格，并在以后的生活中（傾向于）情感問題)。因此C項(xiàng)正確。

4.推斷題。定位至第二段:Firstly,anthropologistspointoutthattheinsulatedloveaffairbetweenchildrenandparentsfoundinmodernsocietiesdoesnotusuallyexistintraditionalsocieties.’這句話表明傳統(tǒng)社會(huì)的父母不會(huì)在孩子很小時(shí)候和孩子分開，所以A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，而第二句:Forexample,wesawearlierthatamongtheNgonithefatherandmotherofachilddidnotreartheirinfantalone—farfromit.說明Ngoni父母不會(huì)獨(dú)自撫養(yǎng)他們的孩子，即可推出C選項(xiàng)是正確的。而B項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)文中沒有提到，可以排除。

5.細(xì)節(jié)題。最后一段:Attheageofthreeorthreeandahalfalmostallchildrenfindthetransitiontonurseryeasy(在三歲或三歲半的時(shí)候，幾乎所有的孩子都能輕松地過渡到托兒所),說明作者認(rèn)為等孩子過了三歲再送去托兒所更合理。

10.單選題

Aftertheheavyrain,abuilderwascalledtorepairtheroof,whichwas（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.leaking

B.trickling

C.prominent

D.noticeable

【答案】A

【解析】句意:大雨過后，叫來一位建筑工人修理在漏水的房頂。

考查形容詞辨析。leaking滲漏的，泄漏的(leak的現(xiàn)在分詞)；tricklingtrickle(滴，細(xì)細(xì)地流，慢慢地移動(dòng))的現(xiàn)在分詞；prominent突出的，顯著的，杰出的，卓越的；noticeable顯而易見的，顯著的，值得注意的。因此A符合句意。

11.單選題

Shesuggestedthattheexpeditionbe（）withthelatestscientificequipment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.afflicted

B.permeated

C.paddled

D.outfitted

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。afflicted折磨、使痛苦；permeate滲透、彌漫；paddled劃槳；outfitted配備、機(jī)構(gòu)。句意：她建議探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)配備最新的科學(xué)設(shè)備。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

12.單選題

Theworkerschoseto（

）theirdissatisfactioninaseriesofstrikes.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.deliver

B.offer

C.manifest

D.indicate

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。deliver“交付；發(fā)表”；offer“提供；出價(jià)”；manifest“證明，表明”；indicate”預(yù)示，象征”。句意：工人們選擇用罷工來表明他們的不滿。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

13.單選題

Inthepastthreedecadesgreatchanges,especiallythewayyoungeradultsviewmarriage,havetakenplaceinsociety.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Inthepastthreedecades

B.especiallythe

C.youngeradults

D.insociety

E.沒有錯(cuò)誤

【答案】B

【解析】副詞誤用。especially改為particularly。副詞especially一般表示某事物在意義、程度、重要性性超過其他事物。而particularly往往著重說明與同類事物不同的個(gè)別事物。

14.單選題

Didyourmumanddadgotouniversity,ordidtheyleaveschoolandgostraighttotheJobCentre?Theeducationalexperienceofparentsisstillimportantwhenitcomestohowtoday’sstudentschooseanareaofstudyandwhattodoaftergraduation,accordingtoTheFuture-trackresearchintheUK.

TheresearchwasdonebytheHigherEducationCareersServiceUnit.Itplanstofollowuniversityapplicantsforsixyearsfrom2006throughtheirearlycareers.

Thefirstyear’sfindingscomefromastudyof130,000universityapplicants.Theyshowsignificantdifferencesinprospectivestudents’approachtohighereducation,dependingonwhethertheirparentsgotdegrees(second-generationapplicants)ordidn’t(first-generationapplicants).

First-generationapplicantsweremorelikelytosaythattheircareerandemploymentprospectswereuppermostintheirmindsindecidingtogotouniversity.Aboutone-fifthofthisgroupgave“toenablemetogetagoodjob”astheirmainreasonforchoosingHE.And37percentsaidthatadegreewas“partofmycareerplan”.

Ayoungpersoncomingfromanon-professionalhouseholdwherefinancesarestretchedmayfindtheideaoflearningforitsownsaketobealuxury.Thisexplainstheexplosioninvocationalcourses.

AtPortsmouthUniversity,first-yearstudentKimBurnett,19,saysthatshespecificallychoseherdegreeinhealthresearchmanagementandpsychologytogetasecure,well-paidjob.HarrietEdge,20,studyingmedicineatManchesterUniversity,alsowantedjobsecurity.Herparentslackedcollegedegrees,thoughthefactthatheruncleisadoctorappearstohaveinfluencedherchoice.

“Medicineisoneofthosefieldswhereit’sprettylikelyyou’llgetajobattheend.That’sabigplus,asthedebtlevelsafterfiveyearsofstudyaregoingtobefrightening,”shesays.Manyexpertsbelievethatthissituationaffectsthosewithnofamilytraditionofhighereducationfarmorekeenly.Thefactthat26percentofrespondentssaidthattheyneededmoreadviceimpliesthatsomestudentsmayendupfeelingthattheirhighereducationinvestmentwasnotworthwhile.

Forthosewithgraduateparents,thislackofguidancemay,theresearcherssuggest,belessofaproblem.“But,forthosewithouttheadvantages,lackofaccesstocareerguidancebeforeapplyingforhighereducationleavesthemexposedtomakingpoorerchoices,”thesurveyconcludes.

1.Themainideaofthepassageisthat（）.

2.“HE”inthe4thparagraphprobablyrefersto（）.

3.Ayoungpersoncomingfromanon-professionalhousehold（）.

4.InwhichofthefollowingaspectsdoKimBurnettandHarrietEdgehaveincommon?

5.Itisimpliedthat（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.parents’experiencesaremoreimportantfortheirchildren’seducation

B.parents’careersarevitallyimportantfortheirchildren’sdegrees

C.students’approachtohighereducationcorrelateswiththeirparents’educationalexperience

D.students’careerandemploymentprospectsaredecidedbytheirparents

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.healtheducation

B.higheremployment

C.HarrietEdge

D.highereducation

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.islesslikelytogetfinancialaidtogotouniversity

B.ismorelikelytochoosevocationaleducation

C.maythinklearningforpleasureisagoodidea

D.maychoosetostudyforaprofessionaldegree

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theybothchosetheirmajorsbecauseoftheirfamilyinfluence.

B.Theyareboththefirst-yearstudentsinuniversity.

C.Bothoftheirparentslackcollegedegrees.

D.Bothofthemchosedegreesforjobsecurity.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.thecostofadegreeinmedicineisveryhigh

B.highereducationinvestmentinmedicineisnotworthwhile

C.astudentwithoutfamilymedicaltraditionislesslikelytochoosemedicine

D.medicineisafieldwhereeverydegree-holdercangetajob

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。題干意思是“這篇文章的主要觀點(diǎn)是……”。第一段指出Theeducationalexperienceofparentsisstillimportantwhenitcomestohowtoday’sstudentschooseanareaofstudyandwhattodoaftergraduation,accordingtoTheFuture-trackresearchintheUK.（根據(jù)英國(guó)未來研究中心的研究，當(dāng)談到今天的學(xué)生如何選擇學(xué)習(xí)領(lǐng)域以及畢業(yè)后做什么時(shí)，父母的教育經(jīng)歷仍然很重要），由此我們可知文章討論的是父母的教育經(jīng)歷影響到子女受教育的程度以及職業(yè)選擇傾向。A項(xiàng)“父母的經(jīng)歷對(duì)孩子的教育更重要”，內(nèi)容表達(dá)的比較片面；B項(xiàng)“父母的職業(yè)對(duì)孩子的學(xué)位至關(guān)重要”，文章沒有提及；C項(xiàng)“學(xué)生接受高等教育的方式與其父母的教育經(jīng)歷有關(guān)”符合文章大意；D項(xiàng)“學(xué)生的職業(yè)和就業(yè)前景是由他們的父母決定的”，表達(dá)太過絕對(duì)。故該題選C正確。

第2題:語義推測(cè)題。題干意思是“第四段中的He可能指的是……”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第四段First-generationapplicantsweremorelikelytosaythattheircareerandemploymentprospectswereuppermostintheirmindsindecidingtogotouniversity.Aboutone-fifthofthisgroupgave“toenablemetogetagoodjob”astheirmainreasonforchoosingHE.（第一代申請(qǐng)者更傾向于聲稱他們的職業(yè)生涯和就業(yè)前景是他們決定上大學(xué)的最重要的因素；約五分之一的受訪大學(xué)生選擇它的主要原因是“為了找到一份好工作”），由此可推測(cè)，第二句中的“HE”指的就是第一句中的decidingtogotouniversity（決定上大學(xué)），即“高等教育”，所以D項(xiàng)“高等教育”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“健康教育”，該段沒有提到健康教育；B項(xiàng)“高就業(yè)”，內(nèi)容與原文句子沖突；C項(xiàng)“哈里特?埃奇”這是后面提到的內(nèi)容，與這里的內(nèi)容無關(guān)。故該題選D正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干意思是“來自非職業(yè)家庭的年輕人……”。根據(jù)題干定位到第五段Ayoungpersoncomingfromanon-professionalhouseholdwherefinancesarestretchedmayfindtheideaoflearningforitsownsaketobealuxury.Thisexplainstheexplosioninvocationalcourses.（來自經(jīng)濟(jì)拮據(jù)的非職業(yè)家庭的年輕人可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，為了學(xué)習(xí)而學(xué)習(xí)的想法是一種奢侈；這解釋了職業(yè)課程激增的原因），由此可推，來自非職業(yè)家庭的年輕人會(huì)因?yàn)榻?jīng)濟(jì)拮據(jù)而選擇職業(yè)課程，所以B項(xiàng)“更有可能選擇職業(yè)教育”符合。A項(xiàng)“獲得上大學(xué)助學(xué)金的可能性更小”，文章沒有提到助學(xué)金；C項(xiàng)“認(rèn)為以學(xué)習(xí)為樂是一個(gè)好主意”，內(nèi)容與原文相反，這些年輕人認(rèn)為為了學(xué)習(xí)而學(xué)習(xí)是一種奢侈；D項(xiàng)“選擇攻讀專業(yè)學(xué)位”，來自非職業(yè)家庭的年輕人更多的選擇了職業(yè)教育，所以攻讀專業(yè)學(xué)位是不太可能。故該題選B正確。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干意思是“KimBurnett和HarrietEdge在以下哪些方面有共同之處？”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第六段AtPortsmouthUniversity,first-yearstudentKimBurnett,19,saysthatshespecificallychoseherdegreeinhealthresearchmanagementandpsychologytogetasecure,well-paidjob.HarrietEdge,20,studyingmedicineatManchesterUniversity,alsowantedjobsecurity.Herparentslackedcollegedegrees,thoughthefactthatheruncleisadoctorappearstohaveinfluencedherchoice.（在樸茨茅斯大學(xué)，19歲的大一學(xué)生KimBurnett說，為了找到一份穩(wěn)定的高薪工作，她特意選擇了健康研究管理和心理學(xué)專業(yè)；20歲的HarrietEdge目前在曼徹斯特大學(xué)學(xué)醫(yī)，她也希望有穩(wěn)定的工作；她的父母沒有大學(xué)學(xué)歷，但她的叔叔是一名醫(yī)生，這似乎影響了她的選擇），可知，KimBurnett為了得到好的工作選擇健康研究管理和心理學(xué)專業(yè)，HarrietEdge為了有穩(wěn)定的個(gè)工作選擇學(xué)醫(yī)；從而可知KimBurnett和HarrietEdge都是為了得到工作而選擇學(xué)習(xí)專業(yè)，所以D項(xiàng)“他們都是為了保住工作而選擇學(xué)位的”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“他們都是由于家庭的影響而選擇了自己的專業(yè)”，只有HarrietEdge是由于家庭的影響；B項(xiàng)“他們都是大學(xué)一年級(jí)的學(xué)生”，原文沒有明確的說HarrietEdge也是大學(xué)一年級(jí)學(xué)生；C項(xiàng)“他們的父母都沒有大學(xué)學(xué)歷”，原文沒有提及KimBurnett的父母也沒有大學(xué)學(xué)歷。故該題選D正確。

第5題:推理判斷題。題干意思是“文章暗示了……”。文章第七段第一句提到Medicineisoneofthosefieldswhereit’sprettylikelyyou’llgetajobattheend.That’sabigplus,asthedebtlevelsafterfiveyearsofstudyaregoingtobefrightening（醫(yī)學(xué)是你最終很有可能找到工作的領(lǐng)域之一；這是一筆很大的附加費(fèi)用，因?yàn)榻?jīng)過五年的學(xué)習(xí)，債務(wù)水平將令人恐懼），由此可以推斷，雖然醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)畢業(yè)后就業(yè)沒有問題，但是需要大額的學(xué)費(fèi)開支，所以A項(xiàng)“獲得醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)位的費(fèi)用很高”符合題意。B項(xiàng)“對(duì)醫(yī)學(xué)的高等教育投資是不值得的”，這屬于斷章取義，第七段提到Thefactthat26percentofrespondentssaidthattheyneededmoreadviceimpliesthatsomestudentsmayendupfeelingthattheirhighereducationinvestmentwasnotworthwhile.（26%的受訪者表示，他們需要更多的建議，這意味著一些學(xué)生可能最終會(huì)覺得他們的高等教育投資不值得），由此可知，受訪者覺得高等教育投資不值得是因?yàn)閷?duì)那些沒有接受高等教育的家庭傳統(tǒng)的人來說，因?yàn)楦改笡]有高等教育經(jīng)歷，所以對(duì)于高等教育不是很看好，不僅僅是醫(yī)學(xué)上的高等教育；C項(xiàng)“一個(gè)沒有家庭醫(yī)學(xué)傳統(tǒng)的學(xué)生不太可能選擇醫(yī)學(xué)”和D項(xiàng)“醫(yī)學(xué)是每個(gè)有學(xué)位的人都能找到工作的領(lǐng)域”表達(dá)太過絕對(duì)。故該題選A正確。

15.單選題

Mysupplyofconfidenceslowly（）asthedeadlineapproached.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.abolished

B.eliminated

C.diminished

D.exterminated

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。abolish“廢除”；eliminate“消除，排除”；diminish“減少，縮小”;exterminate“消除；根除”。主語是confidence“信心”，與之搭配的動(dòng)詞是diminish，因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

16.單選題

Student:HowlongcanIkeepthebook?

Librarian:_______________

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Anyperiodlongerthanfourweeks,youwillbefined.

B.Youcancheckitonthecomputeroverthere.

C.Fourweeks,butyoucanrenewitifyouneeditlonger.

D.Atmostfourweeksifyoudon’tmind.

【答案】C

【解析】考查句意理解。這是發(fā)生在學(xué)生與圖書管理員之問的對(duì)話，學(xué)生問及“圖書能保留多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”，只有C選項(xiàng)最合適：“四周，但如果需要的話可以續(xù)借”故選C。A項(xiàng)“任何超過四周的時(shí)間，你都將被罰款”，B項(xiàng)“你可以在那邊的電腦上查一下”，D項(xiàng)“如果你不介意的話最多四個(gè)星期”，均不符合。

17.單選題

Apieceofglasswasembedded（）herhand.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.with

B.within

C.in

D.inside

【答案】C

【解析】考查介詞辨析及搭配。A項(xiàng)with“和……”，B項(xiàng)within“在……之內(nèi)”，C項(xiàng)in“在……里”，D項(xiàng)inside“內(nèi)部、內(nèi)側(cè)”；句意：一塊玻璃扎在她的手上。embedin“嵌入”；因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

Floodscausebillionsofdollarsworthofpropertydamage（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.relatively

B.actually

C.annually

D.comparatively

【答案】C

【解析】句意:洪水每年都造成幾十億美元價(jià)值的財(cái)產(chǎn)損害。

考查副詞辨析。relatively相對(duì)地；比較地；actually實(shí)際上；annually每年；comparatively比較上；相對(duì)地。因此C符合句意。

19.單選題

Whenlightilluminatesanobject,partofitisabsorbedandpartreflected;the_______lightnessofanobjectdependsontheproportionoflightthatisreflected.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.denoted

B.embodied

C.insulated

D.perceived

【答案】D

【解析】denoted指示,表示;embodied所包含的;insulated被隔離的;perceived所察覺到的。句意：當(dāng)光照射一個(gè)物體時(shí),它的一部分被吸收,一部分被反射;被感知的物體的亮度取決于被反射的光的比例。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

20.單選題

Inaperfectlyfreeandopenmarketeconomy,thetypeofemployer—governmentorprivate—shouldhavelittleornoimpactontheearningsdifferentialsbetweenwomenandmen.However,ifthereisdiscriminationagainstonesex,itisunlikelythatthedegreeofdiscriminationbygovernmentandprivateemployerswillbethesame.Differencesinthedegreeofdiscriminationwouldresultinearningsdifferentialsassociatedwiththetypeofemployer.Giventhenatureofgovernmentandprivateemployers,itseemsmostlikelythatdiscriminationbyprivateemployerswouldbegreater.Thus,onewouldexpectthat,ifwomenarebeingdiscriminatedagainst,governmentemploymentwouldhaveapositiveeffectonwomen’searningsascomparedwiththeirearningsfromprivateemployment.TheresultsofastudybyFuchssupportthisassumption.Fuchs’sresultssuggestthattheearningsofwomeninanindustrycomposedentirelyofgovernmentemployerswouldbe14.6percentgreaterthantheearningsofwomeninanindustrycomposedexclusivelyofprivateemployers,otherthingsbeingequal.

Inaddition,bothFuchsandSanbornhavesuggestedthattheeffectofdiscriminationbyconsumersontheearningsofself-employedwomenmaybegreaterthantheeffectofeithergovernmentorprivateemployerdiscriminationontheearningsofwomenemployees.Totestthishypothesis,BrownselectedalargesampleofWhitemaleandfemaleworkersfromthe1970Censusanddividedthemintothreecategories:privateemployees,governmentemployees,andself-employed.(Blackworkerswereexcludedfromthesampletoavoidpickingupearningsdifferentialsthatweretheresultofracialdisparities.)Brown’sresearchdesigncontrolledforeducation,labor-forceparticipation,mobility,motivation,andageinordertoeliminatethesefactorsasexplanationsofthestudy’sresults.Brown’sresultssuggestthatmenandwomenarenottreatedthesamebyemployersandconsumers.Formen,self-employmentisthehighestearningcategory,withprivateemploymentnext,andgovernmentlowest.Forwomen,thisorderisreversed.OnecaninferfromBrown’sresultsthatconsumersdiscriminateagainstself-employedwomen.Inaddition,self-employedwomenmayhavemoredifficultythanmeningettinggoodemployeesandmayencounterdiscriminationfromsuppliersandfromfinancialinstitutions.

Brown’sresultsareclearlyconsistentwithFuch’sargumentthatdiscriminationbyconsumershasagreaterimpactontheearningsofwomenthandoesdiscriminationbyeithergovernmentorprivateemployers.Also,thefactthatwomendobetterworkingforgovernmentthanforprivateemployersimpliesthatprivateemployersarediscriminationagainstwomen.Theresultsdonotprovethatgovernmentdoesnotdiscriminateagainstwomen.Theydo,however,demonstratethatifgovernmentisdiscriminatingagainstwomen,itsdiscriminationisnothavingasmucheffectonwomen’searningsasisdiscriminationintheprivatesector.

26.Thepassagementionsallofthefollowingasdifficultiesthatself-employedwomenmayencounterEXCEPT________.

27.Theauthorwouldbemostlikelytoagreewithwhichofthefollowingconclusionsaboutdiscriminationagainstwomenbyprivateemployersandbygovernmentemployers?

28.Astudyofthepracticesoffinancialinstitutionsthatrevealednodiscriminationagainstself-employedwomenwouldtendtocontradictwhichofthefollowing?

29.AccordingtoBrown’sstudy,women’searningscategoriesoccurinwhichofthefollowingorders,fromhighestearningstolowestearnings?

30.Whichofthefollowingtitlesbestdescribesthecontentofthepassageasawhole?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.discriminationfromsuppliers

B.discriminationfromconsumers

C.problemsinobtaininggoodemployees

D.problemsinobtaininggovernmentassistance

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Bothprivateemployersandgovernmentemployersdiscriminate,withequaleffectsonwomen’searnings.

B.Bothprivateemployersandgovernmentemployersdiscriminate,butthediscriminationbyprivateemployershasagreatereffectonwomen’searnings.

C.Bothprivateemployersandgovernmentemployersdiscriminate,butthediscriminationbygovernmentemployershasagreatereffectonwomen’searnings.

D.Privateemployersdiscriminate;governmentemployersdonotdiscriminate.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.SometentativeresultsofFuchs’sstudy.

B.SomeexplicitresultsofBrown’sstudy.

C.Asuggestionmadebytheauthor.

D.Fuchs’shypothesis.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Self-employment,privateemployment,governmentemployment.

B.Governmentemployment,self-employment,privateemployment.

C.Privateemployment,self-employment,governmentemployment.

D.Governmentemployment,privateemployment,self-employment.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.TherelativeEffectofDiscriminationbyGovernmentEmployers,PrivateEmployers,andConsumersonWomen’sEarnings

B.HowDiscriminationAffectsWomen’sChoiceofTypeofEmployment

C.TherelativeEffectofPrivateEmployerDiscriminationonMen’sEarningsasComparedtoWomen’