(新高考)高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義 教材知識(shí)解讀 選擇性必修第2冊(cè)　Unit 5 First Aid (含答案)

教材詞匯要記牢Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——我會(huì)認(rèn)1．leafletn．散頁(yè)印刷品；傳單；小冊(cè)子2．toxinn．毒素(尤指細(xì)菌產(chǎn)生的致病物質(zhì))3．layern．層；表層；層次4．swollenadj.(身體部位)腫起的；腫脹的5．swellvi.(swelled，swollen)膨脹，腫脹6．blistern．(皮膚上因摩擦、燙傷等引起的)水皰；(金屬等表面的)氣泡、水泡7．underneathprep.&adv.在……底下；隱藏在下面8．nerven．神經(jīng)9．paramedicn．急救醫(yī)生；護(hù)理人員10．swallowvt.&vi.吞下；咽下11．bathtubn．浴缸；浴盆12．drownvi.&vt.(使)淹死；溺死；浸泡；淹沒(méi)13．sprainvt.扭傷(關(guān)節(jié))n．扭傷14．dinern．(尤指餐館的)就餐者15．throatn．咽喉；喉嚨16．organn．(人或動(dòng)植物的)器官17．rayn．光線；光束；(熱、電等)射線18．radiationn．輻射；放射線19．a(chǎn)cidn．酸adj.酸的；酸性的20．millimetren．毫米；千分之一米21．fabricn．織物；布料；(社會(huì)、機(jī)構(gòu)等的)結(jié)構(gòu)22．mosquiton．(pl.-oes，-os)蚊子23．IVneedle靜脈注射針24．wardn．病房25．a(chǎn)nklen．踝；踝關(guān)節(jié)26．motionn．運(yùn)動(dòng)；移動(dòng)27．membershipn．會(huì)員身份；全體會(huì)員；會(huì)員人數(shù)28．slapvt.(用手掌)打、拍n．(用手掌)打、拍；拍擊聲29．obstructionn．阻礙；堵塞；阻塞物30．manualn．使用手冊(cè)；說(shuō)明書(shū)adj.用手的；手工的；體力的；手控的Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞——我會(huì)寫1．techniquen．技能；技術(shù)；技藝2．victimn．受害者；患者3．looseadj.松的；未系緊的；寬松的4．easevi.&vt.使(寬慰)；減輕；緩解n．容易；舒適；自在5．wrapvt.包，裹；(用手臂等)圍住6．bathn．洗澡；(BrE＝bathtub)浴缸；浴盆；洗澡水vt.(NAmE＝bathe)給……洗澡7．slipvi.滑倒；滑落；溜走n．滑倒；小錯(cuò)誤；紙條8．elderlyadj.年紀(jì)較大的；上了年紀(jì)的9．carpetn．地毯10．a(chǎn)mbulancen．救護(hù)車11．delayvi.&vt.推遲；延期(做某事)vt.耽誤；耽擱n．延誤；耽擱(的時(shí)間)；推遲12．needlen．針；縫衣針；注射針；指針13．panicvi.&vt.(使)驚慌n．驚恐；恐慌14．screamvi.&vt.(因憤怒或恐懼)高聲喊；大聲叫n．尖叫；尖銳刺耳的聲音15．fellowadj.同類的；同事的；同伴的；同情況的n．男人；家伙；同事；同輩；同類16．chokevi.&vt.(使)窒息；(使)哽咽17．steakn．牛排；肉排18．desperateadj.絕望的；孤注一擲的；非常需要的19．fistn．拳；拳頭20．grabvt.抓??；攫取n．抓??；搶奪21．welfaren．幸福；福祉；安康；福利22．collapsevi.(突然)倒塌；(因病等)昏倒23．suburbn．郊區(qū)；城外Ⅲ.拓展單詞——我會(huì)變1．minoradj.較小的；次要的；輕微的→minorityn．少數(shù)；少數(shù)民族2．electricadj.電的；用電的；電動(dòng)的→electricaladj.與電有關(guān)的→electricityn．電；電學(xué)3．urgentadj.緊急的；急迫的；急切的→urgevt.力勸；敦促；強(qiáng)烈要求n．強(qiáng)烈的愿望4．operatorn．電話接線員；操作員→operatevt.操作；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；動(dòng)手術(shù)→operationn．運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；手術(shù)5．bleedingn．流血；失血→bleedvi.(bled，bled)流血；失血→bloodn．血液；血6．interruptvi.&vt.打斷；打擾vt.使暫停；使中斷→interruptionn．打擾7．practicaladj.切實(shí)可行的；實(shí)際的；實(shí)踐的→practicen．練習(xí)；實(shí)踐；慣例→practicallyadv.幾乎；差不多；實(shí)際上8．tightlyadv.緊緊地；牢固地；緊密地→tightadj.牢固的；緊身的；繃緊的；嚴(yán)密的adv.緊緊地；牢固地→tightenvt.(使)變緊；(使)加緊9．justifyvt.證明……有道理；為……辯護(hù)；是……的正當(dāng)理由→justicen．正義；公正10．foggyadj.有霧的→fogn．霧Ⅳ.核心短語(yǔ)1．senseoftouch觸覺(jué)2．electricshock觸電；電擊3．helpsb.toone’sfeet幫助某人站起身來(lái)4．vitalsign生命體征5．faceup/down面朝上(朝下)6．sleepin遲起；睡過(guò)頭；睡懶覺(jué)7．outofshape健康狀況不好8．mouth-to-mouthrescuebreathing口對(duì)口人工呼吸高頻詞匯來(lái)助力1．kidnapvt.&n．拐走；綁架2．kindergartenn．幼兒園3．kitchenn．廚房4．knowledgen．知識(shí)；學(xué)問(wèn)5．landscapen．風(fēng)景；景色6．lameadj.跛的；瘸的；殘廢的7．laughtern．笑；笑聲8．launchvt.發(fā)射；發(fā)起(運(yùn)動(dòng))經(jīng)典句式需悟通1．Asyoucanimagine，gettingburntcanleadtoveryseriousinjuries.正如你能想象的，被灼燒可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致非常嚴(yán)重的損傷。2．Youcangetburntbyavarietyofthings：...你可能會(huì)被各種各樣的東西燒傷：……3．Removeanyclothesusingscissorsifnecessary，unlessyouseethefabricstickingtotheburntskin.如有必要，用剪刀剪掉燒傷部位的衣服，除非你看到衣服與被燒傷的皮膚粘連在一起。4．ChenWei，ahighschoolstudentinBeijing，hadhisdinnerinterruptedwhenheheardsomeonescreamingfromanothertable.陳偉是北京的一個(gè)高中生，當(dāng)他聽(tīng)到另一個(gè)桌子的一個(gè)人正在尖叫時(shí)，他停下了吃飯。5．Theysuggestedheeatmoreslowlyandtakesmallerbitesbeforetheyleft.離開(kāi)前，他們建議他吃飯要細(xì)嚼慢咽，小口進(jìn)食。Ⅰ.閱讀單詞(每小題1分，共7分)1．layern．層；表層；層次2．swallowvt.&vi.吞下；咽下3．drownvi.&vt.(使)淹死；溺死；浸泡；淹沒(méi)4．throatn．咽喉；喉嚨5．membershipn．會(huì)員身份；全體會(huì)員；會(huì)員人數(shù)6．a(chǎn)nklen．踝；踝關(guān)節(jié)7．manualn．使用手冊(cè)；說(shuō)明書(shū)adj.用手的；手工的；體力的；手控的Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞(每小題1分，共9分)8．techniquen．技能；技術(shù)；技藝9．victimn．受害者；患者10．looseadj.松的；未系緊的；寬松的11．easevi.&vt.使(寬慰)；減輕；緩解n．容易；舒適；自在12．wrapvt.包、裹；(用手臂等)圍住13．elderlyadj.年紀(jì)較大的；上了年紀(jì)的14．a(chǎn)mbulancen．救護(hù)車15．panicvi.&vt.(使)驚慌n．驚恐；恐慌16．desperateadj.絕望的；孤注一擲的；非常需要的Ⅲ.拓展單詞(每小題2分，共12分)17．minoradj.較小的；次要的；輕微的→minorityn．少數(shù)；少數(shù)民族18．urgentadj.緊急的；急迫的；急切的→urgevt.力勸；敦促；強(qiáng)烈要求n．強(qiáng)烈的愿望19．operatorn．電話接線員；操作員→operatevt.操作；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；動(dòng)手術(shù)→operationn．運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；手術(shù)20．interruptvi.&vt.打斷；打擾vt.使暫停；使中斷→interruptionn．打擾21．practicaladj.切實(shí)可行的；實(shí)際的；實(shí)踐的→practicen．練習(xí)；實(shí)踐；慣例→practicallyadv.幾乎；差不多；實(shí)際上22．tightlyadv.緊緊地；牢固地→tightadj.牢固的；緊身的adv.緊緊地；牢固地→tightenvt.(使)變緊；(使)加緊Ⅳ.高頻詞匯(每小題2分，共10分)23．kidnapvt.&n．拐走；綁架24．kitchenn．廚房25．knowledgen．知識(shí)；學(xué)問(wèn)26．landscapen．風(fēng)景；景色27．launchvt.發(fā)射；發(fā)起(運(yùn)動(dòng))Ⅴ.核心短語(yǔ)(每小題3分，共12分)28．helpsb.toone’sfeet幫助某人站起身來(lái)29．faceup/down面朝上(朝下)30．sleepin遲起；睡過(guò)頭；睡懶覺(jué)31．outofshape健康狀況不好Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示或首字母提示寫單詞)(每小題2分，共16分)1．Hewasdesperateforajobforhehadbeenoutofworkfortwoyears.2．Jackclearedhisthroatandspokeinlow，politetonestotherestofthestudents.3．Wecanofferyoupracticalsuggestionsonhowtoincreasethefibreinyourdailydiet.4．Lastnightaboywasdrownedintheriver，whichmadehisparentsheart-broken.5．Womenwerescreaming(尖叫)becausesomeofthehousesnearthebridgewereonfire.6．Wheneatingbreakfastinahurry，hechoked(噎住)onapieceoftoast.7．Facedwithsomanyangrypeople，hehadtojustify(為……辯護(hù))himselfforhisbehaviour.8．Ifatoothfeelsveryloose(松的)，yourdentistmayrecommendthatitbetakenout.Ⅱ.詞形變化填空(用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)(每小題2分，共14分)9．Itiscertainthattheelectricalengineerhasagoodknowledgeofelectricity.(electric)10．Mybossurgesmetodealwiththemosturgentmatterseveryday.(urgent)11．Thedoctorhasjustoperatedonthegirlandtheoperationisquitesuccessful.(operate)12．Hisfingercutbytheknifewasbleedingandhelostmuchblood.(blood)13．WillyoustopinterruptingmewhenIamtalking?Yourinterruptionupsetsmymind.(interrupt)14．Practicallyhepracticedlearningpracticalknowledgeandtriedtoputitintopractice.(practical)15．Nothavingseenmeformanyyears，hehuggedmetightly(tight)whenwemetagain.Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句型仿寫(每小題4分，共20分)16．正如一句古老諺語(yǔ)所說(shuō)，“有志者事竟成?！?as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)Asanoldsayinggoes，“Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.”17．不幸的是，我們?cè)谌巳褐斜环珠_(kāi)了。(getdone)Unfortunately，wegotseparatedinthecrowd.18．除非被邀請(qǐng)，否則我不會(huì)參加晚會(huì)。(unless)Iwon’tattendthepartyunless(Iam)invited.19．我強(qiáng)烈建議你多讀中國(guó)歷史方面的書(shū)籍。(suggest)Istronglysuggestthatyou(should)readmorebooksonChinesehistory.20．我聽(tīng)到一條河在附近流淌。(hear＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ))Iheardariverflowingnearby.Ⅰ.課文語(yǔ)法填空——復(fù)習(xí)本單元ReadingandThinking部分Asyouknow，theskinis1.anessentialpartofyourbodywhichacts2.asabarrieragainstdisease，toxins，andthesun’srays.3.Italsohelpscontrolyourbodytemperature，preventsyourbodyfromlosingtoomuchwater,4.warns(warn)youwhenthingsaretoohotorcold，andgivesyouyoursenseoftouch.Sogettingburntcanleadtoveryseriousinjuries.Thefirstandmostimportantstepinthe5.treatment(treat)ofburnsisgivingfirstaid.Youcanget6.burnt(burn)byvariousthings：hotliquids，steam，fire，radiation，thesun，electricity，acids，ormanyotherchemicals.Burnsaredividedintothreetypes，which7.arecalled(call)first-，second-，orthird-degreeburns,8.depending(depend)onthedepthofskindamage.Differentdegree9.burns(burn)canbetreated10.differently(different)．Let’skeepthesethingsinmind.Ⅱ.課文選詞填空——復(fù)習(xí)本單元UsingLanguage部分eq\x(choke，fist，practical，motion，desperate，interrupt)ChenWei，ahighschoolstudentinBeijing，erruptedwhenheheardsomeonescreamingfromanothertable.Afellowdiner，ZhangTao，was2.chokingonsomesteakandhis3.desperatefriendswereslappinghimontheback.CheninstantlyrushedtohelpZhangtohisfeetandperformedthe4.practicalHeimlichmanoeuvre.ChenstoodbehindZhang，wrappinghisarmsaroundZhang’swaist.Chenmadea5.fistwithonehandandplaceditintheupperpartofhisstomach.Grabbinghisfistwithanotherhandtightly，ChenpushedupandintoZhang’sstomachinone6.motion.Finally，theobstructionwasforcedout.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯easen．容易；舒適；自在vt.&vi.減輕；緩解；使安心；(使)寬慰先練基礎(chǔ)——一詞多義寫出下列句子中ease的詞性及漢語(yǔ)意思(1)Asweexpected，hesettledtheminorproblemwithease.n.容易(2)Iwasnotentirelyateasewiththefellowdinerwholikedmakingjokes.n.自在(3)Ieasedhermindbytellingherthatherskinwasslightlyswollen.v.使安心withease容易地；不費(fèi)力地atease舒適；悠閑；自在put/setsb.atease使某人放松/自在再提能力——完美寫作·完成句子/一句多譯·背誦(4)打籃球是緩解我們巨大學(xué)習(xí)壓力的最好方法，同時(shí)也能找到一些樂(lè)趣。(寫作話題之體育)Playingbasketballservesasthebestwaytoeaseourgreatstudypressureandfindsomepleasureatthesametime.(5)如果你每天堅(jiān)持用英語(yǔ)寫日記，你會(huì)很容易提高你的書(shū)面英語(yǔ)。(寫作話題之語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí))①IfyouinsistonkeepingdiariesinEnglisheveryday，youcanimproveyourwrittenEnglishwithease.②InsistonkeepingdiariesinEnglisheveryday，andyoucanimproveyourwrittenEnglishwithease.(用“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”改寫)panicvi.&vt.(panicked；panicked；panicking)(使)驚慌n．驚慌；驚恐先練基礎(chǔ)——單句語(yǔ)法填空(1)Thebigfirepanickedtheoperatorintojumpingfromthethirdfloortotheground.(2)Whenpeopleheardtheurgentnews，theyfledthevillageinpanic.?panicodoingsth.使某人倉(cāng)惶行事?getintoapanic陷入恐慌inpanic驚慌失措地；處在恐慌中再提能力——完美寫作·完成句子·背誦(3)聽(tīng)完他的描述，所有人都陷入了恐慌。Afterhearinghisdescription，allthepeoplegotintoapanic.desperateadj.絕望的；孤注一擲的；非常需要的先練基礎(chǔ)——一詞多義寫出下列句子中desperate的漢語(yǔ)意思(1)Theparamedicsaysthiswouldbethefinal，desperateapproach.孤注一擲的(2)Hewassodesperateforajobthathewouldhavedoneanything.非常需要的(3)IdecidedtohugTomtightlywhenhewasinsuchadesperateposition.絕望的?bedesperateforsth.渴望某物bedesperatetodosth.渴望做某事?desperatelyadv.絕望地；拼命地；極嚴(yán)重地；非常需要?“渴望某物/做某事”的短語(yǔ)還有：beeagerforsth./todosth.beanxiousforsth./todosth.longforsth./todosth.desireforsth./todosth.bedyingforsth./todosth.再提能力——完美寫作·一句多譯·背誦(4)看到考試的結(jié)果，我是如此絕望，以至于我感覺(jué)好像被扔進(jìn)了黑暗的世界。(讀后續(xù)寫之絕望心理描寫)①Seeingtheresultoftheexam，IwassodesperatethatIfeltasifIwerethrownintoaworldofdarkness.②Seeingtheresultoftheexam，sodesperatewasIthatIfeltasifIwerethrownintoaworldofdarkness.(倒裝句)(5)我渴望有機(jī)會(huì)成為一名志愿者。我的確希望您給我這個(gè)寶貴的機(jī)會(huì)。①Iamdesperateforthechancetobeavolunteer.Idohopeyoucanoffermethepreciousopportunity.②Desperateforthechancetobeavolunteer，Idohopeyoucanoffermethepreciousopportunity.(形容詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))helpsb.toone’sfeet幫助某人站起身來(lái)struggletoone’sfeet掙扎著站起來(lái)risetoone’sfeet站起來(lái)；起身jumptoone’sfeet跳起來(lái)dragone’sfeet拖著腳stampone’sfeet跺腳能力提升——完美寫作·完成句子·背誦(1)看到那個(gè)男孩摔倒了，我沖過(guò)去幫他站起來(lái)。Seeingtheboyfalldown，Irushedtohelphimtohisfeet.(2)打籃球時(shí)這孩子的腿受傷了，但是他掙扎著站了起來(lái)。Whileplayingbasketball，theboy’sleggotinjured，buthestruggledtohisfeet.(3)來(lái)賓進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，請(qǐng)大家站起來(lái)以顯示我們的禮貌。Whenvisitorscomein，pleaserisetoourfeettoshowourpoliteness.facedown/up面朝下/上befacedwith面臨inthefaceof面對(duì)loseface丟面子makeafaceat皺眉頭；做苦相；做鬼臉能力提升——完美寫作·一句多譯·背誦面對(duì)巨大的挑戰(zhàn)，我最好的朋友永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)放棄，直到她最終成功。(1)In(the)faceofgreatchallenges，mybestfriendwillnevergiveupuntilshefinallysucceeds.(2)Facinggreatchallenges，mybestfriendwillnevergiveupuntilshefinallysucceeds.(3)Facedwithgreatchallenges，mybestfriendwillnevergiveupuntilshefinallysucceeds.outofshape健康狀況不好；變形ingood/badshape健康狀況良好/不佳keep/beinshape保持健康intheshapeof以……的形狀/形式能力提升——根據(jù)句意用shape短語(yǔ)的正確形式填空(1)Youhavebeensittingonmyhatandnowitisbadlyoutofshape.(2)Ihadn’tbeentrainingformonthsandwasreallyoutofshape.(3)Shejogsforanhoureverymorningtokeep/beinshape.(4)Somelanternsareintheshapeoffruitsandtheylookbeautiful.as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句Asyoucanimagine，gettingburntcanleadtoveryseriousinjuries.正如你能想象的，被灼燒可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致非常嚴(yán)重的損傷。?本句中的as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，來(lái)代替后面整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容。as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，常在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，從句可位于句首、句中或句末。?as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的常用句式有：asisknowntousall/asweallknow眾所周知aswecansee正如我們所看到的asisreported正如報(bào)道的那樣asisoftenthecase這是常有的事asismentionedabove正如上面所提到的能力提升——完美寫作·完成句子/一句多譯·背誦(1)我們能夠從歷史中找到一些問(wèn)題的解決方法，這是常有的事。Asisoftenthecase，wecanprobablyfindsolutionstosomeproblemsfromhistory.(2)眾所周知，興趣是最好的老師。①Asisknowntousall/Asweallknow，interestisthebestteacher.(as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)②Whatisknowntousallisthatinterestisthebestteacher.(what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句)③Itisknowntousallthatinterestisthebestteacher.(it作形式主語(yǔ))提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上單元詞匯Ⅰ.熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙1．Moneywasalwaystight，butwehadaroofoverourheads.(經(jīng)濟(jì))緊張的2．Hisideasonthistopicareabitfoggy.模糊的3．Iswallowedmyprideandaskedsomeoneatthebusstopforhelp.抑制Ⅱ.核心知識(shí)強(qiáng)化練——鞏固語(yǔ)言知識(shí)1．Hepresentedmewithabunchofflowersandthenwehuggedeachothertightly(tight)．2．Hereachedoutahand，grabbed(grab)herarmanddraggedherback.3．Thephotographerwasdesperatetoachieve(achieve)hisgoaltowinothers’respect.4．Hewrapped(wrap)hisarmsaroundmeandwhispered，“EverythingwillbeOK.”5．Amyslipped(slip)downstairs，tiptoedoutofthehouseanddisappearedintothedarkness.(讀后續(xù)寫之肢體動(dòng)作描寫)6．Hedelayedtaking(take)immediateactionandmissedapreciouschance.7．Wheneversomeproblemsarose，hewasboundtochatwithmecontinuallytoease(ease)mynervousness.8．Everytimeyoupanicked(panic)，you’dbettertakeadeepbreathandtrytorelaxyourself.9．Whatastonishesmemostisthatheisoutofshapenowbecauseofyearsofhardwork.10．Astudentinterrupted(interrupt)meinclassbyaskingmeaquestioncontrarytomyrequirement.Ⅲ.寫作增分練——提升語(yǔ)用能力(寫作話題之人際關(guān)系)1．昨天我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)你和你同學(xué)吵架。(hearsb.doing)Iheardyouquarrelingwithyourclassmateyesterday.2．我強(qiáng)烈建議你們倆冷靜下來(lái)。(suggest)Istronglysuggestthatyoubothshouldkeepcalm.3．除非你們面對(duì)面地彼此交流，否則，你們之間的誤解不會(huì)解決。(unless)Themisunderstandingbetweenyouwon’tbesettledunlessbothofyoucommunicatewitheachotherfacetoface.4．另外，如果你們?cè)O(shè)身處地為彼此著想，你們的分歧也能夠被解決。(getdone)Besides，yourdisagreementscanalsogethandledifyouputyourselvesintoeachother’sshoes.5．眾所周知，彼此的理解可以融化對(duì)方心中的堅(jiān)冰。(as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)Asisknowntousall/Asweallknow，mutualunderstandingcanmelttheiceineachother’sheart.請(qǐng)先從表格中選用本單元所學(xué)詞匯完成下列短文，然后核對(duì)答案并背誦該短文。(文中加波浪線的句子為本單元的語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目：動(dòng)詞-ing形式)eq\x(choke，urgent，panic，delay，bleed)Manyleafletsandmanualsofferpracticaltechniquesonfirstaid，whichstatethatcallingemergencynumberswithout1.delayisthefirststep.Butbeforeparamedicsintheambulancecome，youcansaveyourselforlookafterothers’welfarebyusingfirstaid.Ifyougetburnedbyradiation，acidsorotherchemicals，don’t2.panicorscream.Instead，removeanyclothesunlessyouseefabricsticking