高中動詞不定式詳細(xì)講解剖析課件

什么叫非謂語動詞？1：當(dāng)一個(gè)動詞在句中做主語、賓語、表語、賓補(bǔ)、定語或狀語成份時(shí)就叫做非謂語。2.因?yàn)椴煌某煞荼仨氂貌煌脑~性，所以做各種成份的動詞必須要變化其形式才能做對應(yīng)的成份。什么叫非謂語動詞？

三非謂語動詞所表示的動作與謂語動詞表示的動作的先后關(guān)系是什么？

弄清非謂語動詞表示的動作與謂語動詞表示的動作之間的先后關(guān)系是解題的關(guān)鍵所在

非謂語表示的動作

非謂語動詞的形式在謂語表示的動作之后與謂語表示的動作同時(shí)發(fā)生在謂語表示的動作之前todo/tobedonetodo/tobedone/tobedoing;doing/beingdone;

done;tohavedone/tohavebeendone;havingdone/havingbeendone三非謂語動詞所表示的動作與謂語動詞表示的動作的先后關(guān)非謂語動詞動名詞分詞不定式現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞非動名詞分詞不定式現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞動詞不定式動詞不定式不定式:是一種非限定性動詞。1.非限定動詞:是指那些在句中不能單獨(dú)充當(dāng)謂語的動詞，2.動詞不定式在句中可以作句子除謂語之外的任何句子成分。3.動詞不定式的被動形式除了一般形式外還有其完成式和進(jìn)行式。不定式:是一種非限定性動詞。

一.基本形式：

to+動詞原形二.其否定形式是:“not/nevertodo”/notdo.三.不定式可以帶賓語或狀語構(gòu)成不定式短語，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。不定式的構(gòu)成:一.基本形式：to+動詞原形不定式的構(gòu)成:肯定：to+V.原或者(to)+V.原否定：not/never+(to)+V.原

Helikestoreadnovels.Isawhimcome.Wedecidednottobuythathouse.4)Itisinterestingtoflyakite.

5)Pleaselethimnotgothere.動詞不定式的結(jié)構(gòu)肯定：to+V.原或者(to)+V.原H（2）特點(diǎn)：

A.沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化C.有時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化（被動語態(tài)的形式為tobe+動詞過去分詞）B.可以有自己的賓語和狀語

動詞不定式（2）特點(diǎn)：C.有時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化（被動語態(tài)的形式1.作主語2.作賓語3.作賓語補(bǔ)足語4.作定語5.作狀語6.作表語7.作獨(dú)立成分8.與疑問詞等連用1.作主語2.作賓語3.作賓語補(bǔ)足語4.作定語5.動詞不定式Todothatsortofthingisfoolish。Iwanttoseeyouthisevening.Allyouhavetodoistofinishitquickly.Wefoundahousetolivein.ShecameheretostudyEnglish.

Iwarnedthepatientnottoeatcoldwater

aftertheoperation.

主語

賓語表語

定語

狀語

賓補(bǔ)英語博客網(wǎng)動詞不定式Todothatsortofthing結(jié)構(gòu)

:todo(否定)not/nevertodo二.

時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般式進(jìn)行式完成式完成進(jìn)行式不定式

todo

tobedone

tobedoing

tohavedone

tohavebeendone

tohavebeendoing--------------------結(jié)構(gòu):todo二.時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般式(1).Theypretendednottoseeus.(2).Hepretendedtobesleeping.(3).Shepretendedtohaveknownitbefore.(一般式表示與謂語的動作同時(shí)/幾乎/發(fā)生在它之后.)(在謂語動詞發(fā)生的同時(shí),不定式的動作也正在進(jìn)行)(完成式表示動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前)(4).We’rehappytohavebeenworkingwith

you.(完成進(jìn)行式表示謂語動作發(fā)生之前,不定式的動作一直在進(jìn)行而且可能之后也繼續(xù))(1).Theypretendednottosee三.用法/功能Toseeistobelieve.It’simportanttolearnEnglishwell.(1).主語1.單個(gè)不定式作主語時(shí),謂語動詞用單數(shù)2.不定式作主語時(shí),往往放在謂語之后,用it作形式主語.isis三.用法/功能Toseeistobelieve.三.用法/功能Toseeistobelieve.It’simportanttolearn.(1).主語不定式作主語時(shí),往往放在謂語之后,用it作形式主語.三.用法/功能Toseeistobelieve.It+be+adj.+for/ofsb.todosth.

for:adj.多為描述不定式行為的特征（important/necessary/interesting等.）of:adj.多為

描述主語的品質(zhì)特征（kind/nice/friendly/wise/foolish等.）

作主語Itiseasy_______hertolearnEnglishwell.Itisclever________youtosolvetheproblem.offorIt+be+adj.+for/ofsb.tod5、輪到我們打掃教室了。

Itisourturn_________________________6、Towastetimeistoshortenlife.（翻譯成中文）

tocleantheclassroom.浪費(fèi)時(shí)間就是縮短生命。練習(xí)tocleantheclassroom.浪費(fèi)時(shí)間就是1、主語+be+todosth

主語多為

duty/wish/hope/idea/plan/ambition/dream/work/job等

名詞

1、Mydreamistobeasinger.2、Hisworkistocleantheclassroomeveryday.作表語我的夢想是成為一名歌手。他的工作是每天清掃教室。1、主語+be+todosth1、Mydre1、動詞+todosth.常用動詞有：want/wish/like/wouldlike/hope/plan/try/decide/learn/need/agree/begin/start/forget/remember/manage/seem/fail/manage/promise等

1、Ihopetofinishittomorrow.2、Sheplanstogoandteachinthecountry.作賓語1、動詞+todosth.1、Ihopetof1、Don’tforget_________________.(關(guān)燈)2、Ihappened________whenhecalledme.（出去）3、Idon’twant________________.(依賴別人）4、Samislearning________________.(怎樣開車）5、Wepromise__________theenvironment.(保護(hù))toturnoffthelighttogoouttodependonothershowtodriveacar練習(xí)toprotect1、Don’tforget_______________1、動詞+賓語（sb./sth.)+todosth.1、Theteacheraskedhertoanswerthequestion.2、Thedoctortoldmetohaveagoodrest.作賓補(bǔ)-對賓語進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明

常用動詞有：ask,tell,allow,want等1、動詞+賓語（sb./sth.)+todostTheteachertoldmetocleantheblackboard.Iexpectyoutogivemesomehelp.(4).賓補(bǔ)五看

watch

see

lookat

observe

notice三使

let

make

have

二聽

listento

hear一感覺:

feelwarn,tell,allow,help,ask,force等Theteachertoldmetocleante.g.Imadehimdohiswork.Hewasmadetodohiswork(byme).注意1>help后面的“to”可省去e.g.Theyoftenhelpthegrandma(to)carrywater.2>see,hear,watch,feel,notice,lookat等表示感覺和let,make,have等表示使役的動詞后面，不定式作賓語時(shí)要省“to”（注：被動語態(tài)不省to）e.g.Imadehimdohiswork.He典型例題1)----Iusuallygotherebytrain.

----Whynot___byboatforachange?

A.totrygoing

B.

tryingtogo

C.

totryandgo

D.

trygoing

答案：D.whynot后面接不帶to的不定式，因此選D。2)Pauldoesn'thavetobemade___.Healwaysworkshard.

A.learn

B.tolearn

C.learned

D.learning答案：B.make后接不帶to的動詞不定式，當(dāng)其用于被動時(shí)，to不可省略。典型例題3>不定式用在介詞but,except,besides后時(shí),如果這些介詞前有行為動詞do的各種形式,那么介詞后的不定式不帶to,相反則帶to.(1).Shecoulddonothingbutcry.(2).Ihavenochoicebuttogo.(3).Whatdoyouliketodo

besidessleep.3>不定式用在介詞but,except,besides1、Lethim_______theworkatonce.(finish/tofinish)2、Doyoulikelisteningtootherpeople______?(talk/talking/totalk)3、Jimwasseen_________theroom.(enter/toenter)4、Pleasetellher_________hereontime.(come/tocome)finishtalktoentertocome練習(xí)1、Lethim_______theworkat5、I’llhelpyou_________thisproblem.(tosolve/solve)6、Iwishyouwillstaywithus.(改成簡單句）7、Herstorymadeuslaugh.(改成被動句）(to)solveIwishyoutostaywithus.Weweremadetolaughbyherstory.5、I’llhelpyou_________this放在被修飾詞的后面Ihavealotofworktodo.Iwanttofindsomethingtodrink.作定語不定式為不及物動詞時(shí)后面應(yīng)有必要的介詞。I’mlookingforahotel_________.A.stayB.stayatC.tostayD.tostayatD位置：放在被修飾詞的后面IhavealotofworkIhavesomethingtosay.Hehasalotofhomeworktodo.Heislookingforaroomtolivein.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.(5).定語(如果不定式中的動詞是不及物動詞,則不定式中要有介詞.)請給我一支寫字的筆.Pleasegivemeapentowritewith.Ihavesomethingtosay.(5).定6.作定語(后置）1.Doyouhaveanythingmore_______﹙要說﹚?2.Shehasalotofwork_______﹙做﹚everyday.3.Theoldmanhasahouse_________﹙住﹚.4.Sheisaniceperson__________﹙共事﹚.tosay

todotoliveintoworkwith6.作定語(后置）tosaytodotolive4.something,anything,nothing,everything等復(fù)合不定代詞常用不定式做后置定語。e.g.Doyouhaveanythingtosend?你有什么東西要寄嗎4.something,anything,nothinIcameheretoseeyou.Hegotupearlytocatchthetrain.(6)狀語（表示目的或結(jié)果）inorderto,

soasto,enoughto,onlyto,too….to.,在一些短語中也有體現(xiàn)Icameheretoseeyou.(6)狀語（(8)“疑問詞＋不定式”用法

1.

不定式前可帶what，who，which，where,when,how,whose,等疑問詞,這種不定式短語在句中作賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、主語等。例:Hedidn’ttellmewheretogo.(直賓)Idon’tknowwhattosaynow.(賓語)Idon'tknowwhattodonext.(賓語）Hetaughtushowtousethecomputer．(賓語補(bǔ)足語)返回(8)“疑問詞＋不定式”用法返回注意：在與why連用時(shí)，只用于why或whynot開頭的簡短疑問句中，后面緊跟的動詞不定式不帶to。

Whynothavearest?注意：在與why連用時(shí)，只用于why或whynot開頭的簡(7).獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)tobefrank,tobehonest,Totellthetruth,Idon’tagreewithyou.類似的結(jié)構(gòu)(7).獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)tobefrank,Totellt關(guān)于不定式中的小品詞to(1).不定式中的動詞上文已出現(xiàn)過,下文要省略該動詞.eg:Wouldyouliketogowithme?I’dliketo.(2).不定式是tobe結(jié)構(gòu),be不可省.eg:Wouldyouliketobeateacher?I’dliketobe.關(guān)于不定式中的小品詞to(1).不定式中的動詞上文已出現(xiàn)1、習(xí)慣于beusedto_______

被用于beusedto_______Waterisusedto_____(put)outfires.Iamusedto_______(take)awalkaftersupper.2、prefer…to…比起……來更喜歡

比起游泳來，我更喜歡跑步。Iprefer________to___________.介詞to

與不定式to

的區(qū)別puttakingrunningswimmingdodoing1、習(xí)慣于beusedto_______介詞toAllIdidwastogivehimsomeadvice.Hisdreamistotravelallovertheworld.

Lucyneedsafriendtoplaywith.Hewasthelastguesttoarrive.It’sinterestingtoreadasciencefiction.下列不定式作何種成分？（表語）（表語）（定語）（定語）（主語）AllIdidwastogivehimsomeHewasgladtoseeyou.

Myfatherofferedtobuyacomputerforme.

HeintervieweddetectiveKentogetsomeinformation.

Thedoctoraskedhimtohavemorefruitandvegetables.（狀語）（賓語）（狀語）（賓語補(bǔ)足語）下列不定式作何種成分？Hewasgladtoseeyou.（狀語）（賓

1、stoptodosth.停下正在做的事去作另一件事

stopdoingsth.停止正在作的事

eg.Whentheteachercameintotheclassroom,thestudentsstoppedtalking.Afterheworkedforanhour,hestoppedtohavearest.2、forget/remembertodosth.忘記/記得要去作某事

forget/rememberdoingsth.忘記記得曾經(jīng)做過某事

eg.Pleaseremembertobringmybooktoschool.

Irememberdoingmyhomework

同義詞比較同義詞比較一、常使用動詞不定式的短語

1、It’stimetodosth.\It’stimeforsth該作某事的時(shí)候了.

2、can’twaittodosth.迫不及待要作某事

3、ask/tellesb.(not)todosth.要求/告訴某人(不)作某事

4、allowsb.todosth.允許某人作某事

5、besupposedtodosth.應(yīng)該作某事

6、Wouldlike/want(sb.)todosth.

想要作某事

中考重點(diǎn)句型中考重點(diǎn)句型exerciseexerciseMyteacherwasmade_____histeachingbecauseofpoorhealth.givingupB.togiveupC.giveupD.givenup2.Thesentencewants____oncemore.explainedB.toexplainC.beingexplainedD.explaining3.TheArcticisconsidered____thenorthernpartoftheAtlantic.havingbeenB.tohavebeenC.tobeD.beingDBCMyteacherwasmade_____his4.TheEmperororderedthewonderfulcloth_____forhimwithoutdelay.tohavewovenB.tobewovenC.tobeweavingD.toweave5.IfoundtheGermanlanguagehard____.learnedB.learningC.tobelearnedD.tolearn6.—Thelightintheofficeisstillon.---Oh,Iforgot______.turningitoffB.turnitoffC.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoffBDC4.TheEmperororderedthewond幾對易混淆的詞組：stoptodosth.停止去做某事

doingsth.停止正在做．．．forgettodosth.忘記去做．．．

doingsth.忘記已做了．．．remembertodosth.記得去做．．．

doingsth.記得曾經(jīng)做．．．幾對易混淆的詞組：7.---Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?---Thekey____theproblemistomeetthedemand____bythecustomers.tosolving,makingB.tosolving,madeC.tosolve,makingD.tosolve,made8.---Whatdoyouthinkoftheschool?----Itisaverygood_____.schooltostudyinB.schoolforchildrentostudyC.studyingschoolD.schooltostudyBA7.---Howdoyoudealwiththe9.---Didyougetajob?---No,I___,butit’snouse.expectedB.triedtoC.managedtoD.planned10.Wefinditimpossibleforthework___aheadoftime.tofinishB.finishingC.beingfinishedD.tobefinished11.---IusuallygotoShanghaibytrain.----Whynot___therebyboatforachange?totrytogoB.trygoingC.totrygoingD.trytogoBDB9.---Didyougetajob?BDB12.___aliving,shehadtoworkfrommorningtillnight.TomakeB.MadeC.MakingD.Tohavemade13.Iwouldratherstarvetodeaththan___forfood.begB.beggingC.beggedD.tobeg14.Theboypretended____whenhismotherentered.readingB.toreadC.tobereadingD.beingreadAAC12.___aliving,shehadtowoExerciseExercise1.Robertissaid____abroad,butIdon’tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudying2.Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,____itmoredifficult.notmakeB.nottomakeC.notmakingD.don’tmake3.I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat____inmynewjob.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects1.Robertissaid____abroad,4.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains____whethertheywillenjoyit.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.see5.ItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows____.itwhattodowithB.whattodowithitC.whattodoitwithD.todowhatwithit6.Themotherdidn’tknow____toblameforthebrokenglassasithappenedwhileshewasout.A.whoB.whenC.howD.why4.Havingatripabroadiscer7.Pauldoesn’thavetobemade____.Healwaysworkshard.A.learnB.tolearnC.learned D.learning8.Weagreed____herebutsofarshehasn’tturnedupyet.A.havingmetB.meetingC.tomeetD.tohavemet9.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim____.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto7.Pauldoesn’thavetobemad10.Thepatientwaswarned____oilyfoodaftertheoperation.A.toeatnotB.eatingnotC.nottoeatD.noteating11.Iwouldlove____tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggone12.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered____thefirstcomputer.A.toinventB.inventingC.tohaveinventedD.havinginvented10.Thepatientwaswarned___13.LittleJimshouldlove____tothetheatrethisevening.A.tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.taking14.____lateintheafternoon,Bobturnedoffthealarm.A.TosleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Havingsleep15.Theteacheraskedus____somuchnoise.A.don’tmakeB.notmakeC.notmakingD.nottomake13.LittleJimshouldlove___1愛和被愛都是最大的幸福。_______________arebothgreathappiness.2中國人民決不會征服。TheChinesepeoplerefuse_________________3據(jù)說他已經(jīng)完成了他的工作。Heissaid__________________________.4根據(jù)報(bào)道他們已安全到達(dá)。Theyarereported____________________Toloveandtobelovedtogivein/beconqueredtohavefinished/completedhisworktohavearrivedsafely1愛和被愛都是最大的幸福。Toloveandtobe5我想叫人立刻修理這輛自行車。Iwantthisbike___________________________.6瑪利仿佛已經(jīng)告訴這件事了。Maryseemed_____________________________.7眾所周知，奧運(yùn)會上他被授予了一枚金牌。Heisknown________________agoldmedalattheOlympic.toberepairedatonce/immediatelytohavebeentoldaboutittohavebeengiven5我想叫人立刻修理這輛自行車。toberepaired不定式的特殊句型too…to…1)too…to太…以至于…Heistooexcitedtospeak.他太激動了，說不出話來。----CanIhelpyou?需要我?guī)兔?----Well,I'mafraidtheboxistooheavyforyoutocarryit,butthankyouallthesame.不用了。這箱子太重，恐怕你搬不動。謝謝您。2)如在too前有否定詞，則整個(gè)句子用否定詞表達(dá)肯定，too后那個(gè)詞表達(dá)一種委婉含義，意為"不太"。It'snevertoolatetomend.

(諺語)改過不嫌晚。3)當(dāng)too前面有only,all,but時(shí)，意思是：非常…等于very。。不定式的特殊句型too…to…1.Johnwasmade_____thetruckforaweekasapunishment.

A.towashB.washingC.washD.tobewashing

2.Tellhim_______thewindow.

A.toshutnotB.nottoshutC.tonotshutD.notshut

3.MrsSmithwarnedherdaughter________afterdrinking.

A.nevertodriveB.toneverdrive

C.neverdrivingD.neverdrive

4.Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister_____,todayhewasmade_____byhislittlesister.

A.cry；tocryB.crying；cryingC.cry；cryD.tocry；cry

5.Iwouldlove______tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.

A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggone

ABAAATest1.Johnwasmade_____thetru什么叫非謂語動詞？1：當(dāng)一個(gè)動詞在句中做主語、賓語、表語、賓補(bǔ)、定語或狀語成份時(shí)就叫做非謂語。2.因?yàn)椴煌某煞荼仨氂貌煌脑~性，所以做各種成份的動詞必須要變化其形式才能做對應(yīng)的成份。什么叫非謂語動詞？

三非謂語動詞所表示的動作與謂語動詞表示的動作的先后關(guān)系是什么？

弄清非謂語動詞表示的動作與謂語動詞表示的動作之間的先后關(guān)系是解題的關(guān)鍵所在

非謂語表示的動作

非謂語動詞的形式在謂語表示的動作之后與謂語表示的動作同時(shí)發(fā)生在謂語表示的動作之前todo/tobedonetodo/tobedone/tobedoing;doing/beingdone;

done;tohavedone/tohavebeendone;havingdone/havingbeendone三非謂語動詞所表示的動作與謂語動詞表示的動作的先后關(guān)非謂語動詞動名詞分詞不定式現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞非動名詞分詞不定式現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞動詞不定式動詞不定式不定式:是一種非限定性動詞。1.非限定動詞:是指那些在句中不能單獨(dú)充當(dāng)謂語的動詞，2.動詞不定式在句中可以作句子除謂語之外的任何句子成分。3.動詞不定式的被動形式除了一般形式外還有其完成式和進(jìn)行式。不定式:是一種非限定性動詞。

一.基本形式：

to+動詞原形二.其否定形式是:“not/nevertodo”/notdo.三.不定式可以帶賓語或狀語構(gòu)成不定式短語，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。不定式的構(gòu)成:一.基本形式：to+動詞原形不定式的構(gòu)成:肯定：to+V.原或者(to)+V.原否定：not/never+(to)+V.原

Helikestoreadnovels.Isawhimcome.Wedecidednottobuythathouse.4)Itisinterestingtoflyakite.

5)Pleaselethimnotgothere.動詞不定式的結(jié)構(gòu)肯定：to+V.原或者(to)+V.原H（2）特點(diǎn)：

A.沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化C.有時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化（被動語態(tài)的形式為tobe+動詞過去分詞）B.可以有自己的賓語和狀語

動詞不定式（2）特點(diǎn)：C.有時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化（被動語態(tài)的形式1.作主語2.作賓語3.作賓語補(bǔ)足語4.作定語5.作狀語6.作表語7.作獨(dú)立成分8.與疑問詞等連用1.作主語2.作賓語3.作賓語補(bǔ)足語4.作定語5.動詞不定式Todothatsortofthingisfoolish。Iwanttoseeyouthisevening.Allyouhavetodoistofinishitquickly.Wefoundahousetolivein.ShecameheretostudyEnglish.

Iwarnedthepatientnottoeatcoldwater

aftertheoperation.

主語

賓語表語

定語

狀語

賓補(bǔ)英語博客網(wǎng)動詞不定式Todothatsortofthing結(jié)構(gòu)

:todo(否定)not/nevertodo二.

時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般式進(jìn)行式完成式完成進(jìn)行式不定式

todo

tobedone

tobedoing

tohavedone

tohavebeendone

tohavebeendoing--------------------結(jié)構(gòu):todo二.時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般式(1).Theypretendednottoseeus.(2).Hepretendedtobesleeping.(3).Shepretendedtohaveknownitbefore.(一般式表示與謂語的動作同時(shí)/幾乎/發(fā)生在它之后.)(在謂語動詞發(fā)生的同時(shí),不定式的動作也正在進(jìn)行)(完成式表示動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前)(4).We’rehappytohavebeenworkingwith

you.(完成進(jìn)行式表示謂語動作發(fā)生之前,不定式的動作一直在進(jìn)行而且可能之后也繼續(xù))(1).Theypretendednottosee三.用法/功能Toseeistobelieve.It’simportanttolearnEnglishwell.(1).主語1.單個(gè)不定式作主語時(shí),謂語動詞用單數(shù)2.不定式作主語時(shí),往往放在謂語之后,用it作形式主語.isis三.用法/功能Toseeistobelieve.三.用法/功能Toseeistobelieve.It’simportanttolearn.(1).主語不定式作主語時(shí),往往放在謂語之后,用it作形式主語.三.用法/功能Toseeistobelieve.It+be+adj.+for/ofsb.todosth.

for:adj.多為描述不定式行為的特征（important/necessary/interesting等.）of:adj.多為

描述主語的品質(zhì)特征（kind/nice/friendly/wise/foolish等.）

作主語Itiseasy_______hertolearnEnglishwell.Itisclever________youtosolvetheproblem.offorIt+be+adj.+for/ofsb.tod5、輪到我們打掃教室了。

Itisourturn_________________________6、Towastetimeistoshortenlife.（翻譯成中文）

tocleantheclassroom.浪費(fèi)時(shí)間就是縮短生命。練習(xí)tocleantheclassroom.浪費(fèi)時(shí)間就是1、主語+be+todosth

主語多為

duty/wish/hope/idea/plan/ambition/dream/work/job等

名詞

1、Mydreamistobeasinger.2、Hisworkistocleantheclassroomeveryday.作表語我的夢想是成為一名歌手。他的工作是每天清掃教室。1、主語+be+todosth1、Mydre1、動詞+todosth.常用動詞有：want/wish/like/wouldlike/hope/plan/try/decide/learn/need/agree/begin/start/forget/remember/manage/seem/fail/manage/promise等

1、Ihopetofinishittomorrow.2、Sheplanstogoandteachinthecountry.作賓語1、動詞+todosth.1、Ihopetof1、Don’tforget_________________.(關(guān)燈)2、Ihappened________whenhecalledme.（出去）3、Idon’twant________________.(依賴別人）4、Samislearning________________.(怎樣開車）5、Wepromise__________theenvironment.(保護(hù))toturnoffthelighttogoouttodependonothershowtodriveacar練習(xí)toprotect1、Don’tforget_______________1、動詞+賓語（sb./sth.)+todosth.1、Theteacheraskedhertoanswerthequestion.2、Thedoctortoldmetohaveagoodrest.作賓補(bǔ)-對賓語進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明

常用動詞有：ask,tell,allow,want等1、動詞+賓語（sb./sth.)+todostTheteachertoldmetocleantheblackboard.Iexpectyoutogivemesomehelp.(4).賓補(bǔ)五看

watch

see

lookat

observe

notice三使

let

make

have

二聽

listento

hear一感覺:

feelwarn,tell,allow,help,ask,force等Theteachertoldmetocleante.g.Imadehimdohiswork.Hewasmadetodohiswork(byme).注意1>help后面的“to”可省去e.g.Theyoftenhelpthegrandma(to)carrywater.2>see,hear,watch,feel,notice,lookat等表示感覺和let,make,have等表示使役的動詞后面，不定式作賓語時(shí)要省“to”（注：被動語態(tài)不省to）e.g.Imadehimdohiswork.He典型例題1)----Iusuallygotherebytrain.

----Whynot___byboatforachange?

A.totrygoing

B.

tryingtogo

C.

totryandgo

D.

trygoing

答案：D.whynot后面接不帶to的不定式，因此選D。2)Pauldoesn'thavetobemade___.Healwaysworkshard.

A.learn

B.tolearn

C.learned

D.learning答案：B.make后接不帶to的動詞不定式，當(dāng)其用于被動時(shí)，to不可省略。典型例題3>不定式用在介詞but,except,besides后時(shí),如果這些介詞前有行為動詞do的各種形式,那么介詞后的不定式不帶to,相反則帶to.(1).Shecoulddonothingbutcry.(2).Ihavenochoicebuttogo.(3).Whatdoyouliketodo

besidessleep.3>不定式用在介詞but,except,besides1、Lethim_______theworkatonce.(finish/tofinish)2、Doyoulikelisteningtootherpeople______?(talk/talking/totalk)3、Jimwasseen_________theroom.(enter/toenter)4、Pleasetellher_________hereontime.(come/tocome)finishtalktoentertocome練習(xí)1、Lethim_______theworkat5、I’llhelpyou_________thisproblem.(tosolve/solve)6、Iwishyouwillstaywithus.(改成簡單句）7、Herstorymadeuslaugh.(改成被動句）(to)solveIwishyoutostaywithus.Weweremadetolaughbyherstory.5、I’llhelpyou_________this放在被修飾詞的后面Ihavealotofworktodo.Iwanttofindsomethingtodrink.作定語不定式為不及物動詞時(shí)后面應(yīng)有必要的介詞。I’mlookingforahotel_________.A.stayB.stayatC.tostayD.tostayatD位置：放在被修飾詞的后面IhavealotofworkIhavesomethingtosay.Hehasalotofhomeworktodo.Heislookingforaroomtolivein.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.(5).定語(如果不定式中的動詞是不及物動詞,則不定式中要有介詞.)請給我一支寫字的筆.Pleasegivemeapentowritewith.Ihavesomethingtosay.(5).定6.作定語(后置）1.Doyouhaveanythingmore_______﹙要說﹚?2.Shehasalotofwork_______﹙做﹚everyday.3.Theoldmanhasahouse_________﹙住﹚.4.Sheisaniceperson__________﹙共事﹚.tosay

todotoliveintoworkwith6.作定語(后置）tosaytodotolive4.something,anything,nothing,everything等復(fù)合不定代詞常用不定式做后置定語。e.g.Doyouhaveanythingtosend?你有什么東西要寄嗎4.something,anything,nothinIcameheretoseeyou.Hegotupearlytocatchthetrain.(6)狀語（表示目的或結(jié)果）inorderto,

soasto,enoughto,onlyto,too….to.,在一些短語中也有體現(xiàn)Icameheretoseeyou.(6)狀語（(8)“疑問詞＋不定式”用法

1.

不定式前可帶what，who，which，where,when,how,whose,等疑問詞,這種不定式短語在句中作賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、主語等。例:Hedidn’ttellmewheretogo.(直賓)Idon’tknowwhattosaynow.(賓語)Idon'tknowwhattodonext.(賓語）Hetaughtushowtousethecomputer．(賓語補(bǔ)足語)返回(8)“疑問詞＋不定式”用法返回注意：在與why連用時(shí)，只用于why或whynot開頭的簡短疑問句中，后面緊跟的動詞不定式不帶to。

Whynothavearest?注意：在與why連用時(shí)，只用于why或whynot開頭的簡(7).獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)tobefrank,tobehonest,Totellthetruth,Idon’tagreewithyou.類似的結(jié)構(gòu)(7).獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)tobefrank,Totellt關(guān)于不定式中的小品詞to(1).不定式中的動詞上文已出現(xiàn)過,下文要省略該動詞.eg:Wouldyouliketogowithme?I’dliketo.(2).不定式是tobe結(jié)構(gòu),be不可省.eg:Wouldyouliketobeateacher?I’dliketobe.關(guān)于不定式中的小品詞to(1).不定式中的動詞上文已出現(xiàn)1、習(xí)慣于beusedto_______

被用于beusedto_______Waterisusedto_____(put)outfires.Iamusedto_______(take)awalkaftersupper.2、prefer…to…比起……來更喜歡

比起游泳來，我更喜歡跑步。Iprefer________to___________.介詞to

與不定式to

的區(qū)別puttakingrunningswimmingdodoing1、習(xí)慣于beusedto_______介詞toAllIdidwastogivehimsomeadvice.Hisdreamistotravelallovertheworld.

Lucyneedsafriendtoplaywith.Hewasthelastguesttoarrive.It’sinterestingtoreadasciencefiction.下列不定式作何種成分？（表語）（表語）（定語）（定語）（主語）AllIdidwastogivehimsomeHewasgladtoseeyou.

Myfatherofferedtobuyacomputerforme.

HeintervieweddetectiveKentogetsomeinformation.

Thedoctoraskedhimtohavemorefruitandvegetables.（狀語）（賓語）（狀語）（賓語補(bǔ)足語）下列不定式作何種成分？Hewasgladtoseeyou.（狀語）（賓

1、stoptodosth.停下正在做的事去作另一件事

stopdoingsth.停止正在作的事

eg.Whentheteachercameintotheclassroom,thestudentsstoppedtalking.Afterheworkedforanhour,hestoppedtohavearest.2、forget/remembertodosth.忘記/記得要去作某事

forget/rememberdoingsth.忘記記得曾經(jīng)做過某事

eg.Pleaseremembertobringmybooktoschool.

Irememberdoingmyhomework

同義詞比較同義詞比較一、常使用動詞不定式的短語

1、It’stimetodosth.\It’stimeforsth該作某事的時(shí)候了.

2、can’twaittodosth.迫不及待要作某事

3、ask/tellesb.(not)todosth.要求/告訴某人(不)作某事

4、allowsb.todosth.允許某人作某事

5、besupposedtodosth.應(yīng)該作某事

6、Wouldlike/want(sb.)todosth.

想要作某事

中考重點(diǎn)句型中考重點(diǎn)句型exerciseexerciseMyteacherwasmade_____histeachingbecauseofpoorhealth.givingupB.togiveupC.giveupD.givenup2.Thesentencewants____oncemore.explainedB.toexplainC.beingexplainedD.explaining3.TheArcticisconsidered____thenorthernpartoftheAtlantic.havingbeenB.tohavebeenC.tobeD.beingDBCMyteacherwasmade_____his4.TheEmperororderedthewonderfulcloth_____forhimwithoutdelay.tohavewovenB.tobewovenC.tobeweavingD.toweave5.IfoundtheGermanlanguagehard____.learnedB.learningC.tobelearnedD.tolearn6.—Thelightintheofficeisstillon.---Oh,Iforgot______.turningitoffB.turnitoffC.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoffBDC4.TheEmperororderedthewond幾對易混淆的詞組：stoptodosth.停止去做某事

doingsth.停止正在做．．．forgettodosth.忘記去做．．．

doingsth.忘記已做了．．．remembertodosth.記得去做．．．

doingsth.記得曾經(jīng)做．．．幾對易混淆的詞組：7.---Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?---Thekey____theproblemistomeetthedemand____bythecustomers.tosolving,makingB.tosolving,madeC.