c++程序設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)輔導(dǎo)及習(xí)題解答-實(shí)驗(yàn)10

實(shí)驗(yàn)十任務(wù)1：程序調(diào)試與程序設(shè)計(jì)。類與構(gòu)造函數(shù)、對(duì)象的定義。數(shù)據(jù)半徑r及高h(yuǎn)，公有的成員函數(shù)有構(gòu)造函數(shù)與輸出圓柱參數(shù)的函數(shù)，在main函數(shù)中，輸入兩個(gè)參數(shù)，定義并初始化此類的一個(gè)對(duì)象，對(duì)象調(diào)用輸出圓柱參數(shù)的函數(shù)。程序代碼如下：#include"stdafx.h"#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classcolumn{private:doubler,h;public:column(doubleri,doublehi){r=ri;h=hi;}voidprin(){cout<<"圓柱的高為："<<h<<"圓柱的半徑為："<<r<<endl;{}};intmain(){columnc(3,10);c.prin();return0;}請調(diào)試次程序。再定義計(jì)算圓柱面積與體積的私有成員函數(shù)，在公有的成員函數(shù)prin中調(diào)用，在main函數(shù)中輸入半徑r及高h(yuǎn)，請?jiān)O(shè)計(jì)程序并調(diào)試。程序設(shè)計(jì)如下：#include"stdafx.h"#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;#definepi3.1415926classcolumn{private:doubler,h;public:column(doubleri,doublehi){r=ri;h=hi;}doublearea(){doubles;s=2*pi*r*r+2*pi*r*h;returns;}doublev(){returnpi*r*r*h;}voidprin(){cout<<"圓柱的面積為："<<area()<<"{

圓柱的體積為："<<v()<<endl;}};intmain(){columnc(3,10);c.area();c.v();c.prin();return0;}在main函數(shù)中也能以下列形式定義對(duì)象，請重新設(shè)計(jì)程序。Columnc；程序設(shè)計(jì)如下：#include"stdafx.h"#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classcolumn{private:doubler,h;public:column(doubleri=3,doublehi=10){r=ri;h=hi;}doublearea(){doubles;s=2*3.14*r*r+2*3.14*r*h;returns;}doublev(){return3.14*r*r*h;}voidprin(){cout<<"圓柱的面積為："<<area()<<"圓柱的"<<v()<<endl;{體積為：}};intmain(){columnc;c.area();c.v();c.prin();return0;}任務(wù)2：程序設(shè)計(jì)。重載構(gòu)造函數(shù)的類設(shè)計(jì)有一個(gè)類A，其中測試函數(shù)main為：intmain(){Aa;Ab(35);Ac(32,90);a.print();b.print();c.print(return0;}程序的執(zhí)行結(jié)果為：}執(zhí)行無參構(gòu)造函數(shù)：x=0,y=0執(zhí)行有一個(gè)參數(shù)的構(gòu)造函數(shù)：x=35,y=0執(zhí)行有二個(gè)參數(shù)的構(gòu)造函數(shù)：x=32,y=90運(yùn)算的結(jié)果為：s=0運(yùn)算的結(jié)果為：s=35運(yùn)算的結(jié)果為：s=122執(zhí)行析構(gòu)函數(shù)：x=32,y=90執(zhí)行析構(gòu)函數(shù)：x=35,y=0執(zhí)行析構(gòu)函數(shù)：x=0,y=0請定義類，完成類中構(gòu)造函數(shù)與析構(gòu)函數(shù)的定義。程序設(shè)計(jì)為：#include"stdafx.h"#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classA{private:intx,y;public:A(){x=0;y=0;cout<<"執(zhí)行無參構(gòu)造函數(shù):"<<"x="<<x<<",y="<<y<<endl;}A(intxi){x=xi;y=0;cout<<"執(zhí)行有一個(gè)參數(shù)的構(gòu)造函數(shù):"<<"x="<<x<<",y="<<y<<endl;}A(intxi,intyi){x=xi;y=yi;cout<<"執(zhí)行有二個(gè)參數(shù)的構(gòu)造函數(shù):"<<"x="<<x<<",y="<<y<<endl;}voidprint(}

){cout<<"運(yùn)算的結(jié)果為:"<<"s="<<x+y<<endl;執(zhí)行析構(gòu)函數(shù)~A(){cout<<"}};

:"<<"x="<<x<<",y="<<y<<endl;int_tmain(intargc,_TCHAR*argv[]){Aa;Ab(35);Ac(32,90);print();print();return0;}任務(wù)3：程序設(shè)計(jì)。類與構(gòu)造函數(shù)、對(duì)象的定義。設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)表示貓的類Cat，包括貓的顏色、體重、年齡(Color,age,)等數(shù)據(jù)，并且具有設(shè)置或修改貓的顏色、體重、年齡的功能，也能顯示貓的顏色、體重、年齡等操作。程序設(shè)計(jì)如下：#include"stdafx.h"#include<iostream>usingnamespace#include<string.h>classcat{private:charch[80];doubleweight;intage;public:cat(charc[80],doublewei,inta){strcpy(ch,c);weight=wei;age=a;}voidprint(){cout<<"貓的顏色是:"<<ch<<endl;cout<<"貓的體重是:"<<weight<<"kg"<<endl;cout<<"貓的年齡是:"<<age<<"歲"<<endl;}};intmain(){charch1[80];doubleweight1;intage1;cin>>ch1>>weight1>>age1;catA(ch1,weight1,age1);A.print();return0;}運(yùn)行結(jié)果如下：任務(wù)4：程序設(shè)計(jì)設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)長方體類，用它能計(jì)算不同長方體的體積和表面積。提示：在這個(gè)類Box中必須要有3長、寬、高（分別用、b、c表示），構(gòu)造函數(shù)Box（inti，intj，intk）和計(jì)算體積GetVolume（）、表面積GetArea（）的成員函數(shù)程序設(shè)計(jì)為：#include<iostream.h>classbox{private:inta,b,c;public:box(inti,intj,inta=i;b=j;c=k;}voidgetvolume(){ints;s=a*b*c;cout<<"長方體的體積是:"<<s<<endl;}voidgetarea(){ints1;s1=2*(a*b+b*c+a*c);cout<<"長方體的表面積是:"<<s1<<endl;}};intmain(){intx,y,z;cin>>x>>y>>z;boxA(x,y,z);A.getvolume();A.getarea();return0;}任務(wù)5：程序調(diào)試。重載構(gòu)造函數(shù)的定義。(1)定義一個(gè)類，根據(jù)對(duì)象初始化時(shí)的參數(shù)不同，對(duì)象自動(dòng)調(diào)用重載的構(gòu)造函數(shù)調(diào)用。程序如下：#include"stdafx.h"#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;#include<string.h>classdate{intyear,month,day;public:date(intm,intd);date(inty,intm,intvoidprint();};date::date(inty,intm,intd){year=y;month=m;day=d;cout<<"3dateconstructorcalled"<<endl;date::date(intm,intd)}year=2012;month=m;day=d;cout<<"2dateconstructorcalled"<<endl;{}{voiddate::print(){cout<<"今天是"<<year<<"年"<<month<<"月"<<day<<"日"<<endl;}int_tmain(intargc,_TCHAR*argv[]){dateDATE1(10,1),DATE2(2012,5,15);DATE1.print();DATE2.print();return0;}2）如果把main函數(shù)寫成：{dateDATE1(10,1),DATE2(2012,5,15),DATE3();DATE1.print();DATE2.print();return0;}程序能通過編譯嗎？請重新設(shè)計(jì)程序。程序如下：#include"stdafx.h"#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;#include<string.h>classdate{intyear,month,day;public:date(intm,intd);date(inty,intm,intvoidprint();};date::date(inty,intm,intd){year=y;month=m;day=d;cout<<"3dateconstructorcalled"<<endl;date::date(intm,intd)}{year=2012;month=m;day=d;cout<<"2dateconstructorcalled"<<endl;voiddate::print()}cout<<"今天是"<<year<<"年"<<month<<"月"<<day<<"日"<<endl;}int_tmain(intargc,_TCHAR*argv[]){dateDATE1(10,1),DATE2(2012,5,15),DATE3();DATE1.print();DATE2.print();return0;}任務(wù)6：程序調(diào)試。默認(rèn)值的構(gòu)造函數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)。程序如下：#include"stdafx.h"#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;#include<string.h>classdate{private:intyear,month,day;public:date(inty,intm,intd);voidprint();};date::date(inty=2012,intm=01,intd=01){year=y;month=m;day=d;cout<<"dateconstructorcalled"<<endl;}voiddate::print(){cout<<"今天是"<<year<<"年"<<month<<"月"<<day<<"日"<<endl;{}int_tmain(intargc,_TCHAR*argv[]){dateA(2012,5,15),B(2013);A.print();B.print();return0;}(1)調(diào)試程序。(2)如果把“dateA(2012,5,15),B(2013)”替換成“dateA(2012,10),B()”，編譯時(shí)能通過嗎？請調(diào)試。答：不能。(3)如果把“date(inty,intm,intd)”替換成“date(inty=2012,intm=01,intd=01)”，編譯時(shí)能通過嗎？答：不能通過，date：：date重復(fù)定義默認(rèn)參數(shù)。任務(wù)7：程序調(diào)試。拷貝構(gòu)造函數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)拷貝構(gòu)造函數(shù)的應(yīng)用代碼如下：#include"stdafx.h"#include<string.h>#include<iostream>usingnamespaceclassPerson{private:char*buffer;intage;public:Person(constPerson&me);Person(char*p,inta);voidDisplay();};Person::Person(constPerson&me){buffer=newchar[strlen(me.buffer)+1];strcpy(buffer,me.buffer);this->age=me.age;}Person::Person(char*p,inta){buffer=newchar[strlen(p)+1];strcpy(buffer,p);age=a;}voidPerson::Display(){cout<<"Thenameis"<<buffer<<"ageis"<<age<<endl;}int_tmain(intargc,_TCHAR*argv[]){PersonA("Liu",50);PersonB(A);B.Display();return0;}任務(wù)8：程序設(shè)計(jì)?？截悩?gòu)造函數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)。設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)矩形類熱沖突，其數(shù)據(jù)成員定義為長doublelength和寬