考研英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)難句高頻?？季湫驮斀飧阶g文n

考研英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)難句高頻?？季湫驮斀飧阶g文n一、理論常識(shí)比較結(jié)構(gòu)no/not...otherthanthe比較級(jí)......，the比較級(jí)……rather...than...morethan/nomorethanlessthan/nolessthanmoreAthanB/nomoreAthanBlessAthanB/nolessAthanBnothingelsethanasmuchasnotas...as...notsomuch...as...二,真題舉例Theymayteachverywell,andmorethanearntheirsalaries,butmostofthemmakelittleornoindependentreflectionsonhumanproblemswhichinvolvemoraljudgment.(2006,50)【重點(diǎn)詞匯解析】reflection,n.反射、沉思;involve,n.涉及、包含【參考翻譯】他們可能擅長(zhǎng)教書，而且不僅僅專注于賺錢，但是這些人大部分對(duì)涉及人類道德判斷的問(wèn)題很少或沒(méi)有進(jìn)行獨(dú)立的思考。省略句型結(jié)構(gòu)一、真題舉例However,ithasbeenfoundthatevenpeopleinsensitivetoacertainsmellatfirstcansuddenlybecomesensitivetoitwhenexposedtoitoftenenough.(05,完型)【重點(diǎn)詞匯解析】insensitive,adj.感覺(jué)遲鈍的;expose,vt.使曝光、揭露、顯示【參考翻譯】然而我們卻發(fā)現(xiàn)，即使某些人開(kāi)始時(shí)對(duì)某種氣味不敏感,如果經(jīng)常接觸這種氣味，也會(huì)對(duì)它敏感起來(lái)。一.理論常識(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)主要有兩種形式：.強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)Egl:Iloveyou.一＞Idoloveyou.一＞Ididloveyou.Eg2:Cellphone/Internet/computerbringsusconvenience.一＞Cellphone/Internet/computerdoesbringusconvenience..強(qiáng)調(diào)句式：Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分+that/who+句子其他成分。【步驟】a.先寫出正確的簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句或復(fù)合句，明確單句的各個(gè)成分。b.在被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分（除謂語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)外）兩邊添加itis/was和that/who,其他成分不變，必要時(shí)調(diào)整順序?！緩?qiáng)調(diào)句式特征】去掉itis/was...that/who結(jié)構(gòu)，整個(gè)句子無(wú)冗余或成分殘缺。Egl:MymotheralwaysencouragesmenottoloseheartwhenIhavedifficultiesinstudy.—＞Itismymotherwho/thatalwaysencouragesmenottoloseheartwhenIhavedifficultiesinstudy.—＞ItiswhenIhavedifficultiesinstudythatmymotheralwaysencouragesmenottoloseheart.二.真題舉例Thus,intheAmericaneconomicsystemitisthedemandofindividualconsumers,coupledwiththedesireofbusinessmentomaximizeprofitsandthedesireofindividualstomaximizetheirincomesthattogetherdeterminewhatshallbeproducedandhowresourcesareusedtoproduceit.【重點(diǎn)詞匯解析】couplewith與......相結(jié)合;maximize,v.5大值、達(dá)到最大值【參考翻譯】因此，在美國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)體系中，個(gè)體消費(fèi)者的需求與商人試圖最大化其利潤(rùn)的欲望和個(gè)人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相結(jié)合，一起決定了什么應(yīng)該被制造，以及資源如何被用來(lái)制造它們。否定句型結(jié)構(gòu)一、理論常識(shí).部分否定Notbothofthemaremybrothers.Bothofthemarenotmybrothers.Allisnotgoldthatglitters..雙重否定雙重否定分為三種：肯定型：Therearenoroseswithoutthorns.強(qiáng)調(diào)型：Ijustcanztdonothing.委婉型:Ican7thardlyreadyourhandwriting..幾乎否定Sheisbarelyright.Iseldomgotanysleeplastnight.Fewpeoplecanunderstandwhyhedidit.二、真題舉例Thereisnoagreementwhethermethodologyreferstotheconceptspeculiartohistoricalworkingeneralortotheresearchtechniquesappropriatetothevariousbranchesofhistoricalinquiry.【重點(diǎn)詞匯解析】methodology,n.方法論;referto參考、涉及、指的是；branch,n.分支v.分支、出現(xiàn)分歧【參考翻譯】所謂方法論是指一般的歷史研究中的特有概念，還是指歷史研究中各個(gè)具體領(lǐng)域使用的研究手段，人們對(duì)此意見(jiàn)不一。一、理論常識(shí)倒裝句的幾種形式.以here,there,then,now,next引出的倒裝句。Herecomesthespecialguestoftheparty.Thereseemtobemanybeautifulgirlsintheuniversity..以表地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)引出的倒裝句。Attheschoolgatestoodanoldwoman.Underthetreearesittingsomestudents.Onthebedlayabigteddybear.注意：主語(yǔ)為代詞是不用倒裝。.以表示方位的副詞引出的倒裝句。Offwentthehorse.Downfelladozenapples..否定詞或具有否定意義的詞及詞組用在句首。NeverhaveIseensuchagoodteacher.Notamomentdidhewasteoncampus.Bynomeansshouldshebeleftalone.UndernocircumstanceswillIbelieveyou..only置于句首。Onlyinthiswaycanwemakeadifference..as/though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。Richasheis,hespendsacentoncharity.Tryas/thoughhedoes,heneverseemsabletogetahighscoreintheexams..在虛擬條件句中,連詞if省略時(shí),即將were,had,should等詞提到句首。WereIyou,Iwouldtakethischance.Shouldhecometomorrow,hewouldhelpustosettletheproblem.二.真題舉例Oddthoughitsoundszcosmicinflationisascientificallyplausibleconsequenceofsomerespectedideasinelementary-particlephysics,andmanyastrophysicistshavebeenconvincedforthebetterpartofadecadethatitistrue.【重點(diǎn)詞匯解析】plausible,adj.貌似可信的;consequence,n.結(jié)果、推論；astrophysicist,n.天體物理學(xué)家【參考翻譯】盡管它聽(tīng)起來(lái)很奇怪，宇宙膨脹說(shuō)是在基礎(chǔ)粒子物理學(xué)中的一些公認(rèn)的觀點(diǎn)在科學(xué)上貌似可信的推論，并且很多天體物理學(xué)家在近十年中已經(jīng)相信這種理論是真實(shí)的。插入句型結(jié)構(gòu)一、理論常識(shí)插入結(jié)構(gòu)表示說(shuō)話人的態(tài)度和看法，解釋或者說(shuō)明整個(gè)句子，去掉之后句子仍然完整。插入結(jié)構(gòu)的成分可以是副詞、形容詞短語(yǔ)、介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式短語(yǔ)、分詞短語(yǔ)或者主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。在這就不一一論述了。但值得注意的是插入語(yǔ)的翻譯，有些插入語(yǔ)，尤其是位于句首的插入語(yǔ)，可保持原文中的詞序。然而，在許多情況下，需要對(duì)英語(yǔ)原文句子的順序作必要的調(diào)整，使譯文符合漢語(yǔ)習(xí)慣。二、真題舉例But,forasmallgroupofstudents,pro