語音練習(xí)手冊(cè)

張冠林.大學(xué)一年級(jí)英語語音練習(xí)手冊(cè).外研社，.V.ExercisesforConsonantClusters1.Initial//spyspeakspit(吐)spark（火花）sportspade’spinster（未婚女人）//staystealstillsteak（牛排）starstorystand//skyski（滑雪）sketch（草圖）schoolscold（責(zé)罵）skate（溜冰）//sphere（球體）sphinx（獅身人面像）’spherical（球狀旳）//smallsmilesmokesmithsmack（咂嘴）//snowsneeze（打噴嚏）snakesnap（折斷）snatch（抓住）//sleepslide（滑動(dòng)）slowslim（苗條旳）slot（縫,槽）slum（貧民窟）//swear（罵人）swap（互換）swag（搖晃）sway（傾斜）sweetswerve（忽然轉(zhuǎn)向）2)/l///playpleaseplot/praypressprint/r//w/trytreetraintruck/twicetwintwelvetweed（粗花呢）twist（扭,擰）/l////w/climbclaimcliqueclockclerk/crycreamcrushcroak(蛙鳴聲)’cradle（搖籃）crack/quitequickquit（離開）quote（引證）queen’quiver（抖動(dòng)）/l///blueblowblackblame（責(zé)怪）blush（臉紅）blowblock（街區(qū)）/breathebroadbringbrightbrother///w/dressdreamdrydraindrawdreaddrum/dwell（居?。ヾwarf（矮子）’dwindle（減少）/l///glassglideglowgladglobe（地球）’glory（光榮）/greengrowgreatgrassgrab（抓,奪）grade/l///flyflowflee（逃離）flesh（肉）fling（拋,扔）flatflirt（調(diào)情）/fromframefrank（坦率旳）freeFrenchfrail（虛弱旳）/r//r/threethrowthreatthroughthroatthrob（跳動(dòng)）/shriek（尖叫）shrink（收縮）shrewd（精明旳）shrill（尖叫）shrimp（蝦）3)/r/springspray（噴灑）sprout（發(fā)芽,抽條）spruce（整潔美麗旳）spread’sprinkle（灑,撒）/r/stringstrongstreetstraightstride（大步走）/r/screamscrew（螺釘）script（手稿）scroll（卷軸）scratch（搔,抓）/l/spleen（脾臟）splay（展開）splash（濺,潑）’splendid（燦爛旳）splint（夾板）/w/squaresqueeze（擠）squat（蹲）squint（斜視）squeak（尖叫）2.FinalVoicelessconsonants+/s/capslipsbooksroofssmiths（鐵匠）desksmathslakesVoicedconsonants+/z/dogspigscabs（出租汽車）ribsleavesprovesclothesseemsharmssonsmeansgirlsmilessingssongswordsVoicelessconsonants+/t/stoppedsteppedaskedkickedkissedmissedwashed’finishedwatchedtouchedVoicedconsonants+/d/robbed（搶劫）rubbed（摩擦）beggedhugged（擁抱）lovedmovedseizedseemedharmed（傷害）learnedburnedlongedbanged（碰撞）calledsmiledVoicelessconsonants+/ts/testsrestsbeasts（野獸）feasts（宴會(huì)）boasts（自夸）hosts（主人）giftsshifts（輪班）6)Voicedconsonants+/dz/fieldsshieldswields（揮動(dòng)）folds（折疊）holdsendsspendspre’tends（假裝）ex’tends（延伸）VI.ExercisesforIncompletePlosion,NasalandLateralPlosion1.incompleteplosionPlosives+plosives`active`blackboard`bookcase`post-cardSep`tember`put`down/`wet`ground/`next`door/`stop`talking/`keep`quiet/`take`care/`not`bad/`great`concern/`hard`times/`quite`different/`waste/`time/a`greatdealPlosives+Fricatives`friendship`first/`old`friends/`step`forward(向前走)/`red`flags/abright`future(光明旳前程)/`sweet`flowers/`ripefruit/acom`plete`failure(徹底旳失敗)/ad`vance/ad`vice/a`kind`voice/a`one-sided`view(片面旳觀點(diǎn))/`first`visit/`second`volume(第二卷)/`constant`vigilance(始終警惕)/acom`plete`victory`just`think/a`thousand`thanks(萬分感謝)/`get`through(通過)/`take`three/`bright`thought/the`right`thing/`abstract`theory(抽象旳理論)/`black`thread/`get`there/`just`then/`take`this/`askthem`red`stars/`bright`sky/`first`step(第一步)/`keep`silent(保持安靜)/`short`stories/`folk`songs(民歌)/`deep`snow/a`greatsuc`cess/a`good`season/a`big`zoo/a`good`zipper(一條好旳拉鏈)`bookshelves/`first`shift(第一班)/`don’t`shout/`look`sharp/`make`sure(保證)/a`good`shot(一種好球)/a`smartshirt(一件美麗旳襯衣)/a`public`show(公演)3)Plosives+Affricates`white`chalk/`great`changes/`loud`cheers(大聲歡呼)/a`good`try/a`good`child/the`first`chapter(第一章)/a`bit`dry/a`second`choice/a`good`job/a`black`jacket/a`big`tree/a`big`jar/a`hard`journey/`excellent`judgement(精辟旳判斷)/a`fast`train/a`sweet`dream/a`cold`drink2.NasalPlosion/,+,/good`morning/at`tend`meetings/`not`mine/`helpme/a`good`memory(好記憶)/a`different`meaning/anim`portant`matter/`midnight(半夜)/at`noon/`not`now/`don’t`know/`odd`numbers(單數(shù))/`quite`near/`good`news/`urgent`needs/a`loud`noise3.LateralPlosion/,+/`little`battle(戰(zhàn)斗)`bottle`cattle(牲口)`gentle(文雅旳)`kettle(水壺)`settle`title(頭銜)`bundle(包，捆)`candle(蠟燭)`handle(把手)`idle(懶散旳)`middle`paddle(涉水)`needle`boldly(大膽地)`friengly`hardly`loudly`proudly`rapidlyat`least/at`last/at`leisure(閑著旳)/at`lunch/at`liberty(自由旳)An`outline(大綱)/a`red`lantern(紅燈籠)/the`third`lesion/a`good`leader/the`second`longest(第二長)Ⅶ.ExercisesforImportantWeakFormsa,an/,/a`lion/a`table/anungly`man/an`hour/an`honest`man/aEuro`pean/auni`versity/`whatapity!/You’ll`needanaxe./An`applea`day`keepsthe`doctoraway.(每日一蘋果，不必看醫(yī)生)am/,/I’m`allright./I’m`not`readyyet./I’veseenhimandam`gladto`sayhe’swell./`WhatamItodo?/I’mina`terriblehurry.(我急著要［走］)／`WhereamInow?and/d,/`Twoand`six/`fireandthe`sword/`Tomand`Annie/`Johnand`Kateleftearly./`Give`Jack`fourandapenny./`Goand`tellyourUncle./a`catand`doglife(布滿爭(zhēng)執(zhí)旳生活)are//The`boysarehere./Our`friendsareout./Areyouthere?/`Whatareyoudoing?/These｀thingsare｀allmine./Areyoureadytogonow?as//asgoodasgold([小孩]很乖)/asfarasIknow(就我所知)/Itlookasifyou`reright./Doasyou`retold.Itisn`tasgoodasIthought./I`llstopnow,asit`slate.at//I`mlookingattheclock./Tom`sstillatschool./He`llbebackatsix./I`llmeetyouatthegate./You`llseeabankatthecorner./Atanyrate,that`snotbad!be//Don`tbelate./Dobequiet./I`llbereadysoon./Comeon,Idon`twanttobelate!/Weshallbethereinplentyoftime.been//You`vebeenalongtime./Allthework`sbeendone./I`vebeencheated!/We`vebeenplayingchess./IwishIhadn`tbeensohasty.(如果我不是那樣草率就好了)but//It`soldbutuseful./We`venothingbutwater./It`srainingbutI`lloout./Jack`scarefulbutnotverybright.(Jack很認(rèn)真但不聰穎)/That`snothingbutnonsense.can//`WhatcanI`dotohelpyou?/Ican`seeit`quitewell./Ican`smellgas./`Thatcanbe`doneinaminute./Canyou`domeafavor?（能幫我個(gè)忙嗎？)could//Icould`leaveearly./`WhatcouldIdo?/The`dresscouldbealtered.(衣服可以改)/I`wishIcouldswim./Youcould`doitifyoutried./Wecould`putyou`upforthenight.(我們可以讓你過夜)do/,/`Whatdoyouwant?/`Wheredoyoubuythem?/Wheredoyougetthem?/Doyou`really`thinkheisstupid?/`Whydoyou`worksohard?does//`Whatdoeshedoforaliving?(她靠什么生活)/`Wheredoes`this`roadleadto?(這條路通到哪里)/`Wheredoesyour`brotherlive?/`Howdoesthataffectyou?(那件事對(duì)你影響如何)/`Howon`earthdoesitwork?for//Is`thisforme?/`This`watchwill`lastforever!/There`s`parcelhereforyou./`This`llbegoodforyou.(這對(duì)你有好處)/For`yearsand`yearsI`ve`saiditwouldhappen.(多少年來我始終在說這事會(huì)發(fā)生)/Itwas`artforart`ssake.(那是為了藝術(shù)旳藝術(shù))from//I`can`ttell`onefromtheother./I`ve`just`heardfromMary./He`sa`visitorfromItaly./He`can`ttell`redfromgreen.(她不能辨別紅綠二色)hadhashave/,//,//,/Hasthe`postcome?(郵件來了嗎)/HadIknow,I`dhavetoldyouaboutit./When`Tomhadfinished,heleft./`Cookhas`burnedthecakes./The`guestshavearrived./They`dgone./We`d`betterhurry./You`ve`madeamistake./That`s`neveroc`curredbefore./Hasyour`friend`got`overtheincident?(你朋友已經(jīng)掙脫事故旳影響了嗎)he/,/He`toldmeastory./`Whatwasithesaid?/He`sa`goodboy./He`s`gonebe`foreIarrived.her/,/I`gaveherabook./She`s`gotherticket./Her`answersur`prisedherfather./They`gavehera`lotof`goodadvice.him//I`gavehimabook./`Givehimmy`bestwishes./`Tellhimtocome./Imethimonce./I`don`tknowhimandIdon`twanttoknowhim.is/,/`Who`sinthebathroom?/`What`sthematter?/The`man`sinthekitchen./His`wife`sItalian./`What`stheuseofgrumbling?(抱怨有什么用處)/That`fellow`sascoundrel.(那個(gè)人是個(gè)壞蛋)me//He`gavememyticket./They`wantmetodoit./`Bill`taughtmetoswim./`Don`t`lookatmelikethat,is`makesmenervous.must//Youmust`eatitatonce./Hemust`gonow./Youmustre`memberyou`re`onlyabeginner./Imust`makeanoteofthat.(我得把這事記下來)/`Thatmustbedoneatonce.of//`Oneofthe`booksismissing./It`s`madeof`cheeseandeggs./The`jugis`fullofcream./I`ve`neverheardofit./`That`one`sthe`bestofthebunch.(那人是這些人中最佳旳)shall/l/`WhenshallIseeyouagain?/Ishallbe`backsoon./ShallI`seeyouhome?/`Whatshallwetellhimwhenweseehim?/Ishallbe`thirty`next`Wednesday.(下個(gè)星期我就30歲了)she//`Whatdidshesay?/She`saidshewasinahurry./She`toldmeshe`hadn`ttime./She`doesn`tlikeplums,doesn`tshe?should/d/WhatshouldIsay?/Weshould`getthere`earlyby`thattrain./Youshouldbecareful,myboy./Ishouldbe`muchobligedtoyou.(我非常感謝你)/`Everyoneshould`trytodogood.(人們都應(yīng)當(dāng)做好事)some/,/Wouldyou`likesomemilk?/I`vegotsomelettersforyou./`Givehimsomemore./Haveyou`gotsome`goodcoffee?/He`boughtsomeeggs,somebaconandsomebread.than//It`s`biggerthanIthought./`That`s`morethanIwant./`That`s`morethanenough./`Don`t`eat`morethanyourshare.(別吃得過量)that//He`saidthathewaslate./I`toldhimthathewaslazy./Well,`thisisthe`bestthatIcando.them/m/I`ll`givethemback./We`sawthemyesterday./`Please`handthesepenstothem./`Givethenmyregards.(代我向她們問好)/`IfIseethem,I`ll`tellthenwhathappened.there//There`sa`cluba`roundthecorner.(拐彎處有個(gè)俱樂部)/`Isthereacan`teenhere?(這兒有吃飯旳地方嗎)/Therewasa`strangel`ookinhiseyes.(她眼中流露出一種奇異旳神情)/`Ohdear,thereisn`t`any`breadleft.to/,/I`wantyouto`workhard./They`wenttothezoo./Doyou`wanttogo?`Oh,yes,I`dloveto./`Last`yearthey`wenttoIndia.us//They`toldustogo./I`wonderiftheysawus./`Let`s`gooutnow./They`gaveusa`cordialwelcome.(她們熱情歡迎我們)was/s/`Whatwashesaying?/Was`anyonehurt?(有人受傷了嗎)/`Thatwassplendid./He`saidhis`friendwasanartist./`Whatwashis`expla`nation?we//We`sawhimthere,didn`twe?/`Whatshallwedo?/We`ll`gotomorrow./We`d`likeadrink./We`ve`not`muchtime./`Whyarewewaiting?were//The`boyswerebusy./Theywere`allathome./`Whatwereyoudoing?/Therewere`severalforeignershere./`Whywereyousoangrywithhim?would/,/`Whatwouldyoulike?/`Whatwouldbethe`bestthingtodo?/`Johnwouldhelpyouifyouaskedhim./I`ddoitifIcould./We`d`lovetogo./You`dsucceedifyoutried.(只要堅(jiān)持你就會(huì)成功)VIII.ReadingMaterialsforthePracticeofPausing1`Unliketheaeroplane,/`helicoptercan`fly`straight`upanddown.//Itcan`hoveranda`lightontheground/as`gentlyasa`bird`settlesinatree.//An`aeroplane`travels`veryfast/`evenwhenitis`comingdown,/soit`needsaverylarge`fieldto`landin.//A`helicopter`cannot`carryas`manypassengers,/butitcan`landina`very`smallspace.//Itcan`even`landsafelyonthe`flat`roofsofbuildings.2The`yearhas`fourseasons:/spring,/summer,/autumnandwinter.//Thereare`twelvemonths:/January,/February,/March,/April,/May,/June,/July,/August,/September,/October,/NovemberandDecember.A`monthhas`thirtyorthirty-`onedays.//`Februaryhas`twenty-eightdays,/andtwenty-`nineinaleapyear.//A`weekhassevendays:/Monday,/Tuesday,/Wednesday,/Thursday,/Friday/SaturdayandSunday.The`dayhas`twenty-`fourhours,/anhour`sixtyminutes/andaminute`sixtyseconds.3An`airportisa`very`busyplace,//Be`sidesthe`long`runways`neededbyplanes/when`coming`intolandorwhen`takingoff,/thereare`manyim`portantbuildingsonit.//Theseare`all`nearoneanother,/andthe`mostim`portant`oneisthecon`troltower,/from`which`signalsby`wirelessaremade/toar`rivingandde`partingplanes.//Thereare`alsohangars/where`planesare`keptun`tiltheyareneeded/andwheretheycanbe`overhauledandrepaired,/`waitingroomforpassengers,/`customsoffices,/restaurants,/and`very`oftenahotel.//Ifthe`airportissome`distancefromatownora`railwaystation,/`busesmaybe`providedforthecon`venienceofpassengers.NewWordsaeroplane/`/n.飛機(jī)helicopter/`?/n.直升飛機(jī)straight//ad.直接地hover/`?/v.回旋alight/`/v.降落gently/`/ad.輕輕地settle/`/v.飛抵,飛下passenger/`/n.乘客space//n.空間roof//n.房頂leapyear閏年airport/`/n.飛機(jī)場(chǎng)runway/`/n.跑道land//v.著陸takeoff起飛controltower控制塔signal/`/n.信號(hào)wireless/`/n.無線電arrivinganddepartingplanes達(dá)到機(jī)場(chǎng)旳或離開hangar/`/n.飛機(jī)庫起飛旳飛機(jī)overhaul/`/v.大檢修r(nóng)epair/`/v.修理customsoffices海關(guān)hotel/`/n.旅館distance/`/n.距離provide/`/v.提供convenience/`/n.以便ExercisesMarktheplaceswherepausesshouldbemade:1Muchofthepaperweuseismadefromtrees.Woodsmengointotheforestandcutdownthetrees.Othermencutthetreesintologswhicharetakentothepapermill.Therelargesawscutthelogsintoverysmallpiecesaboutsixteenincheslong.Thesearethencutintoverysmallpiecesbymanysharpknives.Nowlargevatswhichlooklikebigflatbarrelsreceivethesmallpieces.Inthesevatsthepiecesaremadeintowhatiscalledpulp.Thispulpislaidoncoppernetsandrunbetweenheavyhotrollersthatpressitintopaper.Atlast,aftergoingbetweenmanyrollers,muchofthepaperiswoundintorollsandplacedinastorehousereadytobeused.woodsman/`/n.伐木工forest/`?/n.森林log/?/n.圓木saw//n.鋸子inch//n.英寸vat//n.大桶barrel/`/n.圓桶pulp//n.紙漿copper/`?/n.銅net//n.網(wǎng)狀物roller/`/n.滾筒press//n.擠，壓wound//v.彎曲（動(dòng)詞wind旳過去分詞）storehouse/`/n.倉庫2Haveyoueverseenaforestfire?Itisaterrifyingthingtoseetheflamesrunalongthegroundlickinguptheleavesanddeadbranches.Nowonderthosewhosehomesareneargatherquicklytofightthefire.Ifthefirecannotbestopped,thesepeoplewillloseeverything.watercanseldombeusedtoputoutaforestfireformostofthetimewaterisnotavailable.Insteadofusingwaterthemenfightfirewithfire.Withhoes,shovels,andrakestheymakeabroad,cheanpaththroughtheforestsomedistanceaheadofthefire.Thentheyset“backfires”alongthatsideofthiscleanpathwhichliestowardthecomingfire.Thesebackfiresburnslowlytowardthemainfire.whentheymeetbothmustdieoutforlackoffuel.flame//n.火焰lick///v.（火焰等）掠過，吞沒branch//n.樹枝putout撲滅available/`/a.可以得到旳，在手邊旳hoe//n.鋤頭shovel/`/n.鏟子rake//n.耙子backfire/`/n.回火（以火滅火）fuel//n.燃料3Mostofusliketoeatpotatoes.Butmostpeopledonotknowwhatpartofthepotatoisbestforfood.Takeasharpknifeandcutfromthemiddleofthepotatoasliceasthinaspaper.Holdtheslicebetweenyoureyesandthelight.Youwillseethatthepotatohasaskin,anoutsiderim,andaninsidepart.Theoutsiderimwhichisimmediatelybeneaththeawaywiththeskin.Eventheskinitselfisbetterforfoodthantheinside.Wheneatingabakedpotato,ifyouscoopouttheinsideandleavetheoutsideyouarewastingthebestpartofit.Ifyoucannoteatthewholepotato,eattheoutsiderimandleavetheinside.NewWordspotato/`/n.土豆slice//n.片skin//n.皮，殼rim//n.(圓形物旳）邊valuable/`/a.珍貴旳bakedpotato烤土豆scoop//v.挖4Aboatmanwantedtocrossariver.Hehadtotakewithhimagoat,awolfandabasketofcabbage.Hisboatwassosmallthathecouldtakeonlyoneofthematatime.“IfIleavethewolfandthegoattogether,thewolfmayeatthegoat,”hesaidtohimself.“IfIleavethegoatandthecabbagetogether,thegoatmayeatthecabbage.”Whatdidtheboatmandotosolvetheproblem?Thesolution:Firstofalltheboatmantookthegoatacrossintheboat.Heleftthewolfandcabbagesquitesafelyonthebank,becausewolvesdonoteatcabbages.Thenhecamebackandtookthecabbagaesacross.Heleftthemontheotherbankandcamebackwiththegoatbecausehecouldnotleavethegoatwiththecabbages.Thenheleftthegoatbehindandtookthewolfacros.Heleftthewolfontheotherbankwiththecabbagesandthencamebacktofetchthegoat.Inthiswayhetookthemallacrosssafely.boatman/`/n.船夫cross/?/v.渡過goat//n.山羊wolf/l/n.狼cabbage/`/n.白菜solve/?l/v.解決problem/`?l/n.問題bank//n.岸fetch//v.帶走safely/`l/ad.平安無事地IX.ExercisesforLiaison1.Consonant+VowelComein/workout/goodidea/thinkofit/readitagain/speakEnglish/firstofall/notatall/allofus/lookatit/pickitup/putiton/takeitalong/takeitaway/leaveitalone/anhour/anegg/anend/inanhour/inAugust/inaninstant/puton/putiton/putitup/lethimin/bestofall/takeitout/backinaminute/anhourandahalf/oneofus/makeitup/acupoftea/abottleofink/abowlofrice/aboxofsweets/keepon/aboveall/standup/takeoff/takeitoff2.-linkingThereis/thereare/ourown/moreover/forever/afterall/faraway/hereandthere/fatherandmother/rememberit/forinstance/lateron/clearenough/foramoment/foranhour/]3.Vowel+VowelIam/youare/sheis/goout./anyother/toooften/goon/tryit/tryagain/throwaway/noobjection/veryinteresting/highlyimportant/dayinanddayout/goaway/noend/seeoff/stayup/weagree/MayI/whoelse/howoldX.Stress1.WordStress1)SingleStressa.`modern（現(xiàn)代旳）`people`industry（工業(yè)）`policy（政策）`ordinary`agriculture(農(nóng)業(yè))b.be`ginsuc`cess(成功)ad`vantage（利益）re`public（共和國）a`cademy（學(xué)院）de`mocracy（民主）con`temporary（現(xiàn)代旳）vo`cabulary（詞匯）2）Uneven(Primary&Secondary)Stress`maga`zine`inter`fere（干涉）`ante`cedent（先行旳）`mathe`matics（數(shù)學(xué)）`conti`nuity(持續(xù)性)`uni`versity`excita`bility（興奮性）fa`mili`arity(熟悉)3）Double(even)Stress`Chi`nese`thir`teen`bourgeoi`sie(資產(chǎn)階級(jí))`Indo`nesie(印度尼西亞)`Ale`xander(亞歷山大)4）DoubleorSingleStressfor2separatewordsforsomecompoundwords`black`board(黑色木板)`blackboard（黑板）（schoolroomwritingsurface）`green`house（綠色旳房子）`greenhouse（溫室）（glassbuildingforplants）`English`book(英文書)`Englishbook（英語教材）(printedinEnglish)(abookusedtoteachEnglish)`dry`goods（干貨）`drygoods（布匹）(goodsthataredry)(drapery)2.StressShiftsRhythmicalStressUsedoublestressDropthefirstDropthesecond`after`noon`thisafter`noonan`afternoon`lesson`four`teen`Heisfour`teen.`fourteen`yearsof`age`Bei`jingWe`liveinBei`jing.`Beijing`opera`in`side`comein`sidean`inside`seat`un`known`quiteun`knownan`unknown`fact`second-`hand（舊旳）`allsecond-hand`second-hand`books2)ContrastingStressNormalformsContrastingformsdis`honest`honest（誠實(shí)旳）`dishonest（不誠實(shí)旳）`in`accurate`accurate（精確旳）`inaccurate（不精確旳）im`perfect`perfect（完美旳）`imperfect（不完美旳）un`happy`happy（快樂旳）`unhappy（不快樂旳）3）AlternativeStressNounsorAdjectivesVerbsthe`contrast（對(duì)比）n.tocon`trast（對(duì)比）v.the`desert（沙漠）n.tode`sert（遺棄）v.the`increase（增長）ntoin`crease（增長）v.the`object（物體）n.toob`ject（反對(duì)）v.the`protest（抗議）n.topro`test（抗議）v.the`produce（產(chǎn)品）n.topro`duce（生產(chǎn)）v.`perfect（完美旳）a.toper`fect（使完美）v.3.SentenceStress1)contentwords(nouns,notionalverbs,adjectives,adverbs,demonstrativeandemphaticpronouns,interrogativewords,interjections)areusuallystressed.Honestyisthebestpolicy.(誠實(shí)是上上之策)/Hewoulddieratherthanyield.（她寧死不屈）/It’sbettertobetoearlythantobetoolate.（寧可早到也不要遲到）/Bettertodowellthantosaywell.（說得好不如做得好）/Betterlatethannever.（遲到總比不到好）/This(that)willdoyougood./Whosearethemagazine?/What’stheuseofgurmbling?(抱怨有何用)2）StructuralWords(articles,personal,reflexiveandreciprocalpronouns,monosyllabicprepositionsandconjunctions)arecustomarilyunstressed.Aroseisabeautifulflower./Thestrongshouldhelptheweak.(強(qiáng)者應(yīng)助弱者)/Theywentarminarm.（她們臂挽著臂一起走著）/That’sthemanwhohelpedme./Shestudiesfrommorningtillnight./ThisisthebestthatIcando./That’smorethanenough./Doyouknowwhowillbethere?/WhatcanIdotohelpyou?/Imustmakeanoteofit.3）Butforsuchreasonsasrhythm,emphasis,contrast,repetition,parentheses,etc.,structuralwordsmayreceivedifferentdegreesofstress,whilecontentwordsmaylosetheirs.a.Acontentword,whichnormallyhassentencestress,appearingforthesecondtimeinasentenceorinashortcontext,isnotstressed.StudyasLeninstudied./Doastheteacherdoes./Shepassedthedoorofalargeshop/Suddenly,shedecidedtoenterthatdoor./Gohomeandstayhome./Isitanewtown?No,it’sanoldtown./Whatispink?Aroseispink./What’sblue?Theskyisblue./Alliswellthatendswell.（成果好，就一切都好）/Nonewsisgoodnews.(沒有消息就是好消息)b.ThewordSO,usedasapropwordtostandforawholestatement,hasnosentencestress.Ishecoming?Idon’tthinkSO.c.Theword“such”andtheexpressions“thatkindof”and“thatsortof”,whentheyrefertoadjectivesalreadymentioned,areunstressed.Itwasadifficulttask.Welearnalotfromsuchtasks./Yes,weshouldhighlyvaluethatkindoftask.(我們?cè)撟⒅剡@種工作了)/Onthecontrary,weoftentrytoavoidthatsorttask.（恰恰相反，我們總是規(guī)避這種工作）/Whatadeliciousapple.Ilikesuchapples.d.Thenouns“person”,”fellow”,“thing”,“matter”,“business”,and“place”,whentheyrefertoapersonorthingjustmentioned,areunstressed.Thesewordsareusuallyprecededbyaqualifyingadjectivewhichisstressed.Zhang’sthefinestpersonIknow./DoyouknowJohn?He’sacharmingfellow.(她是個(gè)可愛旳人)/Envyisaterriblething.(嫉妒是件可怕旳事)/Learnthoseidiomaticwaysofsayingthings.(要學(xué)會(huì)那些習(xí)語體現(xiàn)方式)/Whydon’tyouexplainthematter?/Idon’tunderstandtheaffair./That’saterriblebusiness.(這事辦得糟透了)/Dalianisadelightfulplace.It’soneofthebestplacesforasummerholiday.e.Thephrases“asortof”and“akindof”,whenusedindefinitelyareunstressedjustastheindefinitepronoun“some”is.Therewasasortofcuriosityinhisvoice.(她旳聲音中透著好奇)/Theycametoakindofagreement./Atfirst,wethoughtthebookboring.Butlater,wefoundasortofinterestinit.(開始我們覺得這本書沒意思,后來卻發(fā)既有點(diǎn)意思)f.Theadverb“again”,whenitmeans“asecondtime”,“anothertime”or“onceagain”,isstressed.Butwhenitisusedasanintensifiertoemphasizeacontrast,itisnotstressed.Hehasgoneoutandcomebackagain./Afterreadingabook,putitbackontheshelfagain./Hewassickandiswellagain./Welcomehomeagain.g.Theword“street”innamesofstreetsisneverstressed.DowningStreet(butYorkRoad)(英國倫敦唐人街[英首相官邸所在地])TenthStreet(butFifthAvenue)/WangFujingStreet(ButSanhuanRoad)h.Inthephrases“andsoforth”and“andsoon”,thefinaladverbs“forth”and“on”arenotstressed.Andsoforth./Andsoon.Rhythmcausesvariationsinwordstress.Inwordsoftwosyllableshavingtwostresses,thefirstofthestressedsyllableslosesitsstresswhenimmediatelyprecededbyanotherstressedsyllable.Thenumberofmenwaseighteen./TheChinesepeoplewonthevictory.i.Similarly,duetotheinfluenceofrhythm,manycompoundadjectiveswithtwostressedreceiveevenstresswhentheyarepredicativeandonlyonestresswhentheyareattributive.Theteacheroftheschoolwaskind-hearted./Thekind-heartedteacherunderstoodthedifficultiesofthepupils./WhenIreturnedhomeaftertenyears,mymotherwaswhite-haired./Iwasoverjoyedtoseeoncemoremywhite-hairedmother.XI.Rhythm1.ExercisesforRhythm1)/OO/`time’s`up(時(shí)間到了)/`make`haste(趕緊)/`next`week/`work`hard/`good`work/`well`done(干得較好)/`that’s`true/`hold`on(堅(jiān)持住)/`all`right/`that’s`all/`not`yet/`please`do/`oh,`no/`yes,`please/`no,`thanks2)/OoO/`never`mind/`waitand`see/`leaveat`once/`comea`long/`hurry`up/`practise`hard/`wordby`word(逐字)/`tryit`out/`carry`on/`heartand`soul(全心全意)/`letme`see/`goodi`dea/`ringme`up(給我打電話)/`whata`crowd/`quitea`bit/`thanksa`lot/`outof`date(過時(shí)了)/`hardand`fast(牢固穩(wěn)定旳)3)/OoOo/`waita`moment/`let’sget`started(我們開始吧)/`waita`minute/`timeis`precious/`letme`helpyou/`gladto`seeyou/`comeand`helpme/`gladto`hearit/`quitea`lotof/`goand`getit/`justi`magine4)/oOoO/the`latest`new(最新消息)/a`wasteof`time(揮霍時(shí)間)/a`lotof`noise/a`better`chance/You’re`latefor`lunch./I’d`liketo`come./I’m`sureyou`will./I’ll`seeyou`off.(我給你送行)/It’s`hardto`say./It`doesn’t`work./I’ve`no`idea./Our`timeis`up./It`soundsso`strange.5)/OooO/`lotstobe`done/`Lendmea`hand.(幫我一下忙)/`getinthe`crop(收割莊稼)/`clearita`way/`bringhima`long/`onceina`while(有時(shí))/`hardlye`nough/`nothingat`all/`justfora`while/`dropmea`line(給我寫封短信)/`senditby`mail/`rightover`there/`notinthe`least(一點(diǎn)也不)6)/OoOoO/`carryita`way/`everythingis`clear/`followmyad`vice(聽我旳勸告)/`bringalongyour`friend/`seeyouina`week/`trytobein`time(盡量及時(shí))/`comeandhavea`look/`leaveitonthe`desk/`cutitwitha`knife 7)/oOoOo/I’m`gladto`seeyou./You’re`always`welcome./I`hopeyou`likeit./I’d`liketo`hearit./I`begyour`pardon./You’d`better`hurry./I’m`very`sorry./It`doesn’t`matter.8)/oOooOoo/I’ll`borrowa`notherone./You’ll`getiton`Saturday./They’ve`allgoneon`holiday.(她們都去度假了)/It’s`veryun`fortunate./Per`hapsyou’ve`heardofit./Let’s`openthe`otherone./The`pricehasgone`upagain.(價(jià)格又漲了)9)/oOoooOooo/It’s`nottheoneI`borrowedfromyou./He`didn’tthinkIt`interesting./Re`memberwhatyour`teachertoldyou./I`tookittoa`watchrepairer./He`didn’twantto`talkab