小升初英語總復習語法

2013年小升初英語總復習TOC\o"1-5"\h\z?、名詞 2—、詞 3\o"CurrentDocument"三數(shù)詞 4\o"CurrentDocument"四、代詞 5\o"CurrentDocument"五、形容詞、副詞 6\o"CurrentDocument"六、介詞 7七、動詞 8\o"CurrentDocument"八、there/herebe結(jié)構(gòu) 13\o"CurrentDocument"九、some,any的用法 15\o"CurrentDocument"十、動詞不定式 16\o"CurrentDocument"十一、動名詞 16\o"CurrentDocument"十二、時間和H期的表達 18\o"CurrentDocument"十三、名詞所有格 19\o"CurrentDocument"十四、句子的種類 20一、名詞表示某事物，有具體的和抽象的之分。分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。強調(diào)：不可數(shù)名詞都默認為單數(shù)，所以總是用is或者was：最好不要根據(jù)some、any、aloiof等詞去作判斷，以免受誤導。1、可數(shù)名詞如何變“復數(shù)形式”：a.一般情況下，H接加-s,如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds；讀音：清輔音后讀［s］,濁輔音和元音后讀［z］。b.以s.x.sh.ch結(jié)星，/j||-es?如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches；讀音：［iz］oc.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變y為i,再加ys,ill：family-families,strawberry-strawberries：讀音：⑵。d.以"f或fe”結(jié)尾,變f或fe為v,再加?es,如：knife-knives,thief-thieves；讀音：⑵。e.以“?！苯Y(jié)尾的詞,分兩種情況1)仃1：命的+es讀音：［z］如：mango-mangoestomato-tomatoes WpotatoesI.lJhero-heroes2)無生命的+s 讀音：⑵如：photo-photos radio-radiosf.不規(guī)則名詞復數(shù):man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen.snowman-snowmen,mouse-mice,child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,fish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese2、不可數(shù)名詞沒有復數(shù)。如果要計算不可數(shù)名詞所表達的數(shù)量，就得在數(shù)詞和不可數(shù)名詞之間加上“最inj+of*o例如：aglassofwater,apieceofpaper,abottleofjuice判斷步驟：/如是am、is或wai原形讀句子一讀該單詞一認識該單詞一理解意思一看be動詞,如是are或were—?加s或es練一練：1、寫出下列各詞的復數(shù)。Ihimthisherwatchmangochildphotodiarydayfootdresstoothsheepboxstrawberrythiefengineerpeachsandwichmanwomanleafpeople2、用所給名詞的正確形式填空。Aretheretwo(box)onthetable?

Icanseesome(people)inthecinema.Howmany(day)arethereinaweek?Here*refive(bottle)of(juice)foryou.This(violin)ishers.Those(grape)areoverthere.二、冠詞冠詞是一種虛詞，不能獨M使用，通常放在名詞的前面，分為“不定冠詞''和“定冠詞”兩種。1、不定冠詞：a、an。用在單數(shù)名詞前,表示“一個，-件……an用在以元音“音素”開頭的單訶前。如:ane-mail,anorange,anoldman,anEnglishwatch,anhour...2、定冠詞：the。用在單數(shù)或者復數(shù)名詞前。the沒有具體意思，有時翻譯為這、那。它的基本用法：(I)用來表示特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。如：Themaponthewallisnew.(2)表示說話者雙方都知道的人或事物。如:Lookatthepicture,please.(3)表示再次提到前面談過的人或事物。如：Thisisastamp.Thestampisbeautiful.(4)用在表示世界上獨尤的事物前。如：thesun太陽ihemoon月亮theearth地球(5)用在由忤通名詞構(gòu)成的專仃名詞前。如：theGreatWall長城(6)用在江河、湖海等專有名詞前。如：theChangjiangRiver長江(7)此外，序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級、5 等詞前面和?些習慣用語中一般都用定冠詞the?如:thefirstday,thebestboy,playthepiano,inthesameclass確定用a、an還是the時可根據(jù)漢語意思。練一練：1、用a或an填空。 ice-cream goalkeeper teapot apple office Englishbook umbrella unit hour2、根據(jù)需要，填寫冠詞a,an或the。Whois girlbehind tree? oldmanhas(wochildren. sonand daughter.)Thisis orange. orangeisLucy's.

Helikesplaying guitar.Wehave samehobby.Weallhad goodtimelastSunday.Shewantstobe doctor.三數(shù)詞我們學過兩類：基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞?；鶖?shù)用于表示數(shù)量多少，而序數(shù)詞用于表示次序,常在日期中出現(xiàn)。區(qū)別：基數(shù)訶而而沒仃“the”：字數(shù)訶而定要有“the、1、超過二十以上的兩位數(shù)需要在個位和十位之間加上如：21twenty-one2、?二位數(shù)以上.的則需要在百位數(shù)后■再加上and。如：101a/onehundredandone3,用基數(shù)詞來修飾可數(shù)名詞時，一定別忘了它的復數(shù)形式。如：十八個男孩eighteenboys4、用基數(shù)詞修飾不可數(shù)名詞時,如是復數(shù),變它的■為復數(shù)。如：兩碗米飯twobowlsofrice5、序數(shù)詞般加"th”,特殊的有：first,second,third,fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth以及二十及二卜以外的整十：twentiethjhirtieth,fbrtieth…“第幾十幾”:前面整十不變,后面“幾”改為序數(shù)詞。ill：88eighty-eighth練一練：1、請翻譯下列短語。(1)60名學生(2)15本英語書(3)九杯涼水(4)4個孩子(5)12月31(6)6月2日(7)第九周(8)40年前(9)11+7(10)上學第一天2、把下列基數(shù)詞改成序數(shù)詞。one—— two——three--- nine---fourteen- twenty?一thirty-five-- eighty-one四、代詞代詞有兩種：人稱代詞和物上代詞。1、人稱代詞分為：第一、第二、第三人稱，且有單復數(shù)之分。2、人稱代詞的上格在句中做上語，?般用在動詞前（疑問句除外）i賓格在句中做賓語，多用于動詞、介詞后。3、形容詞性物主代詞起形容詞的作用,后面一定要跟名詞，表示該名詞是屬于誰的.4、名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞.如：Thisismybag.=Thisismine.Thatisherruler.=Thatishers.一般看后面有沒有名詞，如有，就用形容詞性物主代詞；如無，就用名詞性物主代詞。請牢記下表：單數(shù)復數(shù)人稱代詞主格Iyouheshei(weyouthey賓格meyouhimheritusyouthem物主代詞形容詞性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名詞性mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs練一練：1、按要求寫出相應人稱代詞。I（賓格）she（形容詞性物主代詞） we（名詞性物主代詞）he（復數(shù)）us（單數(shù)） theirs（主格）its（賓格）2、想一想，把卜.表補充完整。人稱代詞物主代詞5數(shù)以數(shù)單數(shù)復數(shù)格賓格主格賓格形容詞性名詞性形容詞性名詞性第一人稱meUSour第二人稱youyou

第.人稱hethemhistheirheritits3、用所給詞的適當形式填空。Thatisnotkite.Thatkiteisverysmall,butisverybig.(I)Thedressis.Giveitto.(she)Isthiswatch?(you)No,it'snot.(I)ismyisJack.Look!Thosestampsare.(he)dressesarered.(we)Whatcolourare?(you)Showyourkite,OK?(they)IhaveabeautifulisMimi.Thesecakesare.(it)Arethesetickets?No,arenot.aren'there.(they)Shallhavealookatthatclassroom?Thatisclassroom.(we)10)ismyaunt.Doyouknowjob?isanurse.(she)Whereare?Ican'tfind.Let'scallparents.(they)Don'ttouch.isnotacat,isatiger!(it)sisterisill.Pleasegoandsee.(she)Thegirlbehindisourfriend.(she)五、形容詞、副詞1、形容詞表示某?獷物或人的特征，副詞表示某?動作的特征。形容詞和副詞有三種形式：原形、比較批注I微軟用戶1］：重讀閉音節(jié)三要素：（I）批注I微軟用戶1］：重讀閉音節(jié)三要素：（I）必須是重讀音節(jié)：/ （2）最后只有一個輔音字母：<3）元音字母發(fā)短元音。I 改變時態(tài)時，重讀閉音節(jié)需要雙寫末' 尾輔音字母兩個重要特征：as……as中間定用原形，ihan的前而定要+er。2、形容詞、副詞比較級的規(guī)則變化如卜.：?股直接+er。如：tall-taller,fast-faster單音節(jié)詞如果以結(jié)尾,只加如：late-later（2方同如末尾只有一個輔音字母，須雙寫這個字母,再加-er。如big-bigger,fat-hlter"hinner(3)以輔音字母加-y結(jié)尾的詞，變y為i,再加-er。如：heavy-heavier,early-earlier批注I微軟用戶引:最簡單的方法是看音標中有幾個元音，就有幾個音節(jié)。另輔音還可能與A/、等組成成音節(jié)，如：/si/,Zzl/.ZsiV./zn/等(4)取音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞|的比較級應在原級前加批注I微軟用戶引:最簡單的方法是看音標中有幾個元音，就有幾個音節(jié)。另輔音還可能與A/、等組成成音節(jié)，如：/si/,Zzl/.ZsiV./zn/等(5)有些不規(guī)則變化的，須逐一加以記憶。如：good/we11-better,bad/ill-worse,many/much-more,far-farther/further,old-older/elder...練?練：1、寫出卜列形容詞、副詞的比較級。biggoodlongtalloldshorterthinnerheavyyoungfatlighterstronghighfarlowearlylatewellfasterslow2、用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式填空。Icanswimas(fast)asthefish,Ithink.Look!Hishandsare(big)thanmine.Ithinkyoudothesethings(well)thanyourclassmates.Whosebagis(heavy),yoursormine?DoesJimrunas(slow)asDavid?Yes,butMikeruns(slow)thanthem.Youhavesevenbooks,butIhave(many)thanyou.Ihaveten.Ijump(far)thansomeoftheboysinmyclass.I'mvery(thin),butshe's(thin)thanme.Itgetsand(warm)whenspringcomeshere.六、介詞I、一種虛詞。不能單獨作句子成分，它只有跟它后面的賓語起構(gòu)成介詞短語，才能在句子中起作用。有：in,on,under,with,behind,about,near,before,after,for,to,up,down,from,infrontof,outof.from...to...,atthebackof...

2、表示時間的介詞有:at.on.ino(1)al表示“在某?個具體的時間點上，或用在固定詞組中。如：atteno'clock,at9:30a.m.,atnight,attheweekend...(2)on表示“d：/11或某11的時間段“。如：onFriday,onthefirstofOctober,onMondaymorning...(3)in表示0在某?段時間(月份、季節(jié))里til:intheafternoon,inSeptember,insummer,in2005...3、in一詞還有其他的固定搭配,如：inblue(穿著藍色的衣服)，inEnglish(用英語表達),takepartin(參加。練一練：1、選用括號內(nèi)恰當?shù)慕樵~填空。Whafsthis(at,on,in)English?Christmasis on (at,on,in)the25thofDecember.Theman(with,on,in)blackisSuHai'sfather.Hedoesn'tdowell_in(at,on,in)PE.(Lookatthosebirds in(on,in)thetree.] 批注I微軟用戶3]：長在樹上用onWearegoingtomeet at (at,on,in)thebusstop(at,on,in)halfpastten. 外來的用jnIsthereacat(under,behind,in)thedoor?Helen'swritingpaperis(in,infrontof)hercomputer.Welive(at,on,in)anewhousenow.Doesitoftenrain in (at,on,in)springthere?2、圈出下列句子中運用不恰當?shù)慕樵~，1)JimisgoodinEnglishandMaths.3)Theyaretalkingtotheirplans.5)Women'sDayisatthethirdofMarch.7)Didyouwatertreesatthefarm?9)IusuallytakephotosinSundaymorning.七、動詞并將正確的答案寫在橫線上。2)Thefilmswereinthegroundjustnow.4)HowmanystudentshavetheirbirthdaysonMay?6)Icanjogtoschoolonthemorning.8)CanyoucomeandhelpmeonmyEnglish?10)WhatdidyoudoontheSpringFestival?這里所說的動詞是指各種動詞總稱，其中包括be動詞、情態(tài)動詞、助動詞、行為動詞（就是我們平時總

說的那種動詞)。動詞、名詞和形容詞不太容易區(qū)分，如不能一眼看出，可用如下方法：先用”?(代詞)''(如：一個、一張等)和這個詞連起來說，如說得通，般認為是名詞；說不通再用“很”去判斷，就是把“很”和為個詞連起來說，說得通一般就是形容詞：都說不通就是動詞。(目前我們學過的，以后可能不同)(另外一些很明顯的，如人稱代詞、數(shù)詞、情態(tài)動詞等下就可以知道)1、be動詞(am.is,are,was.were)1)am—was,is-was,are—were口訣：我用am,你用are,is用在他她它，所有復數(shù)全用are。2)肯定和否定句Iam(not)fromLondon.Heis(not)ateacher.Sheis(not)inthediningroom.Myhairis(not)long.Hereyesare(not)small.一般疑問句AmIaChinese?Yes,youare.No,youaren't.AretheyAmerican?Yes,theyare.No.(heyaren't.Isthecatfat?Yes,itis.No,itisn't.be動詞的否定形式：amnot(沒有縮寫形式)，arenot=aren't,isnot=isn't(>用恰當?shù)腷e動詞填空。練?練:1、用be動詞的適當形式填空。1)1aboy.youaboy?No,Inot.2)ThegirlJack'ssister.3)Thedogtallandfat. 4)Themanwithbigeyesateacher.

2、助動詞(do,does,did)do,does用F一般現(xiàn)在時，其過去式did用于一般過去時。它們通常用在疑問句和否定句中。它們的否定形式：donot=don't,doesnot=doesn't,didnot=didn't。注意：在?般現(xiàn)在時中，does用于第三人稱單數(shù)，其余?律用助動詞do；助動詞do.does,did后面定要用動詞原形。練1、用適當?shù)闹鷦釉~填空。1)youlikethismagazine?Thegirllikebreadforbreakfast.-Whatsheattheweekends?-Sheusuallyplaysgameswithherfriends.4)---WhayoudolastSunday?…Iwrotetomyfriend.—DidyouseeaBeijingopera?---No,I.HenotvisitafarmlastNationalDayholiday.Theynotlikeplayingvolleyball.-JimhaveapicnicwithhisfamilyeverySaturday?---Yes,he .HelenandYangLinggotoschoolonfooteveryday?—Howmanykiteswehave?—Wehaveten.2、找出下列句子中的錯誤，將序號填入題前括號內(nèi)，并改正。( )1) DidyouhadabiglunchwithyourfamilylastSpringFestival?TOC\o"1-5"\h\zAB C( )2) —Whatdotheboyhaveinhispencil-box?—Hehasarubber.AB C( )3) Theydoesn'tlikethefilm.ABC( )4) DoJimgelupatsixeveryday?AB C( )5)Don'tgivingthebailtoLiuTao.

3、情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞也是一類特殊的動詞，平時我們不把它說成是動詞。情態(tài)動詞可以和行為動詞同時出現(xiàn)在同一個句子中。我們現(xiàn)在學過的情態(tài)動詞有：can.could>shall>shouldwill、would、may、might.musto注意：情態(tài)動詞后動詞總是用原形。(不受其他任何條件影響)其否定形式：cannot=can't,mustnot=mustn't,...注意：maynol和shallnol(無縮寫形式)練一練:選擇填空。( )1)Thesignonthewallmeansyoustayawayfromthebuilding.A.mustB.can'tC.shouldn't( )2)Howmanybooksyouseeonthedesk?A.mayB.canC.should( )3)Itmeansyoumakenoiseinthelibrary.A.shouldB..shouldn'tC.can( )4)—youlikeaglassofmilk?-Yes,please.A.MayB.CouldC.Would( )5)…youseethesignoverthere?…Sorry,Ican't.A.CanB.Can'tC.Should( )6)wegototheparkbybus?A.MayB.MustC.Shall4、行為動詞就是我們平時上課時說的動詞，表示某一動作或行為。如：sweep、live等。行為動詞我們已學過它們的四種形式：原形、第：人稱單數(shù)+s/es、現(xiàn)荏分詞（也叫動名詞）+ing、過去式+cd。（1）動詞第：人稱單數(shù)變化規(guī)則：A、一般直接加“s”，如：play-plays,visit-visits,speak-speaks；B、以“s"，"x”,Bh",“ch"結(jié)尾時，加"es”,如：catch-catches,watch-watches；C、以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾時，變“y”為"i”再加Tes"，如：carry-carries,study-studies。（2）現(xiàn)在分訶（動名詞）構(gòu)成規(guī)則：A、一般宜接加“ing”，如：go-going,do-doing,look-looking；B、以不發(fā)杵的"e"結(jié)尾的單詞，去"e"加"ing”，如：take-taking,make-making,have-having：C、以堂讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞，如末尾只仃個輔音字母，需要雙寫這個字母再加“ing”，如：

put-putting,stop-stopping,run-running,get-getting,swim-swimming,sit-sitting,begin-beginning,jog-jogging,forget-forgetting。(3)過去式構(gòu)成規(guī)則:A、一A直接加“ed”,如：plant-planted,visit-visited,pick-picked:B、以不發(fā)音彳母“e”結(jié)尾，直接加“d"，＜111：like-liked,hope-hoped,taste-tasted；C、以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾時，變“y”為“i”再加“ed”，ill：try-tried,carry-carried,study-studied；D、有些動詞要雙寫最后個字母，再加“ecF,如：stop-stopped；E、還有很多動詞的過去式是不規(guī)則的，請記憶：是是-be-was,were-being：彎jtl-bend-bent-bending：Bt-can-could ；x￡-am(be)-was-being：成為-become-became-becoming；O^-blow-blew-blowing：z￡-are(be)-were-being：ffSn-begin-began-beginning：^-buy-bought-buying:來-comeYame-coming；捕捉-caich-caughi-catching； 選擇來-comeYame-coming；W-cut-cut-cutting：M-do,does-did-doing：iwj-draw-drew-drawing：K-drink-drank-drinking；0^-eat-ate-eating：感覺-feel-fell-feeling；發(fā)現(xiàn)-find-found-finding；IS-fly-flew-flying：忘記-forgel-forgol-forgeliing：得至lj-get?got-getting；^n-give-gave-giving： went-going：成長?grow-grew-growing；有-have,has-had-having；R/f-hear-hcard-hearing；受傷-hurt-hurt-hurdng；保持-keep-kept-keeping；知道-know-knew-knowing；^<)-leam-iearned.leamt-leaming：允許，il:-let-lel-letting：躺-lie-lay-lying：制造-make-made-making；可以-may-mighl-；意味-mean-meanl-meaning：會見-meei-mel-meeling；，必須-must-must—：放置-pul-put-pul【ing；i^-read-read-reading；騎、^-ride-rode-riding；響、W^-ring-rang-ringing：ftl-run-ran-running；說-say-said-saying；看見-see-saw-seeing：W-shall-should--一；唱歌-sing-sang-singing：坐下-sil-sal-silting；睡覺-sleep-slepl-sleeping：ift-speak-spoke-speaking：度過-spend-spenl-spending。練一練：1、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)。drinkgostaymakelookhavepasscarrycomewatchplantflystudybrushdoteachtakesee2、寫出下列動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。

putgiveflygetdancesitrunplanttakeswimaskstop takewritehavesmokethinkwanttell3、寫出下列動詞的過去式。is\amflyplantaredrinkplaygomakedoesdanceworryasktasteeatdrawputthrowkickpassdo4、用動詞的適當形式填空。(1)1toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.Mybrotheroftentoschoolwithme.Yesterdaywetoschooltogether.Weliketoschoolverymuch.(go)Theyusuallylunchathome.Butlastweek,they lunchatschool.(have)ThatmyEnglishbook.Itnew.Butnowitnothere.Itthereamomentago.(be)Mysisterlikesverymuch.Sheoftenatourschoolfestival.Lastterm,shealotofsongsintheschoolhall.Shebeautifully.(sing)(5)WhatheusuallyonSunday?Heusuallyhishomework.Look!Hehishomeworknow.hehishomeworklastSunday?Yes,he.(do)(6)DopeopleusuallymooncakesatMid-autumnFestival?Yes,theydo.DidyoumooncakeslastMid-autumnFestival?Yes,1did.[alotofdeliciousmooncakes.(eat)八、there/herebe結(jié)構(gòu)1、Ihembe結(jié)構(gòu)表示“某時、某地存在著什么事物或人”,包括thereis、themam、themwas、therewere。herebe結(jié)構(gòu)與它類似，用法也完全相同，只不過是表示-這里存在著什么獷物或人

2、和have、has、had的區(qū)別:(1)Therebe句型表示：在某地有某物(或人)；而have、has、had表示:某人擁有某物。(2)在theirbe句型中，主語是單數(shù)，be動詞用is；主語是復數(shù)，be動詞用are；如有幾件物品，be動詞根據(jù)最近be動詞的那個名詞決定——“就近原則therebe句型的否定句在be動詞后加not, 般疑問句把be動詞調(diào)到句首。iherebe句型與have(has)的區(qū)別：1herebe表示在某地有某物(或人)：have(has)表示某人擁有某物。(5)somefllanyAtherebe句型中的運用：some用于肯定句，any用于否定句或疑問句。(6)and和or在therebe句型中的運用：and用于肯定句,or用于否定句或疑問句.(7)針對數(shù)量提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：Howmany+名詞復數(shù)+arethere+介詞短語？Howmuch+不可數(shù)名詞+isthere+介詞短語？(8)針對上語提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：What's+介詞短語？Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)一般用在句子的開頭，而have等詞只能用于某個主語后面。練一練：1、用恰當?shù)腷e動詞填空。Therefourseasonsinayear.Therenotanytreestwoyearsago.3)???thereapostofficenearyourschool?—Yes,there.--Howmanystopsthere?-Thereonlyone.Therenotanystampsontheenvelope.thereanybirdsinthetree?Thereashoppingcentrenearourschoollastyear.Butnowtherenoone.Thereonlythreeofus:mydad,mymumandme.Heresomebreadfbryou.InNewYork,therealotofraininspring.2、選用“have,has,had,thereis,thereare,therewas,therewere”填空。1)Iagoodfatherandagoodmother.2)atelescopeon(hedesk.3)Heatape-recorder. 4)abasketballintheplayground.Theyanicegarden.

Myfatherastory-booklastyear.7)areading-roominthebuilding?8)WhatdoesMike?9)anybooksinthebookcase?Howmanystudentsintheclassroom?astory-bookonthetableamomentago.Whatdoyou?Myparentssomenicepictures.somemapsonthewall.)amapoftheworldonthewall.David'sfriendssometents.manychildrenonthehill.九、some,any的用法some用于肯定句：any用「否定句和?般疑問旬"請注意看例句后擴號中說明的用法。例：Thereissomewaterintheglass.(肯定句)Therearesomeflowersinthegarden.(肯定句)Therearen,tanylampsinthestudy.(否定句)Arethereanymapsonthewall?(一般疑問句)Wouldyoulikesomeorangejuice?(希望得到肯定回答)Doyouwanttotakeanyphotosattheparty?(一般疑問句)練一練：選用some或any填空。1)Thereisn'tmilkinthefridge.3)HehasfriendsinEngland.5)Hereare1)Thereisn'tmilkinthefridge.3)HehasfriendsinEngland.5)Herearepresentsforyou.7)Istherericeinthekitchen?4)Weretherefruittreesonthefarm?6)DoesTomwanttotakephotos?Therearenewbuildingsinourschool.—Wouldyoulikecakes?一No,I'dnotlikecakes,butI'dlikecoffee.

--Aretherepicturesonthewall?---No,therearen'tpictures.十、動詞不定式I、I。如幼訶此出構(gòu)成?種I非謂語形司，在這里不足介詞，無詞義。 如：IwanttomakeaNewRarcard.我想制作,張新年賀卡。Wouldyouliketohaveapicnicwithus? 你愿意和我們一起去野餐嗎？2、t。保留岐農(nóng)功訶的?些特征，它"J以帶Hl!■的|賓語|和膚洲等。 如：Togettherefaster,youcantakebusNo.5. 想快一點到那兒，你可以坐5路乍。3、lo前有時帶疑問詞what,when,where,which,why,how等。如：He'saskingYangLinghowtogetthere.他正在問楊玲怎樣到達那里。總而言之，一定要記?。簍。后面用動詞原形。練一練：1>用擴號中所給動詞的適當形式填空。1)Peoplewouldlike 1)Peoplewouldlike (go)tofarmsinthecountryside.2)It'stime _(have)lunch3)Iwant (buy)somepresentsformyfriends.4)Thethiefbegan (run).5)Pleaseshowmehow_ (go)totheshoppingcentre.6)Wouldyoulike (join)us?7)Don'tforget (write)**HappyNewYear”.8)Shewasveryglad_ (see)them.批注［徽軟用戶8］:賓語是動作、行為的對象,是動作的承受者。賓語由名詞、代詞、不定式或相當于名詞的詞、短語來擔任.當然，也可以由?個句r來充當，稱之為賓語從句，所以個句子中不一定只有一個賓語英語的及物動詞后必須有賓語。賓語一般放及物動詞之后，它和及物動詞一起說明主語做什么。說明，除及物動詞有賓語之外，英語介詞后面也要有賓語。某些形容詞worth,careful等后也可有賓語。賓語有直接賓語和間接賓語之分。即指人的間接賓語和指物的宜接賓語，這兩個賓語統(tǒng)稱為"雙賓語:Myparentsboughtmeacomputer.我父母給我買了?臺電腦。（me是間接賓語，computer是直接賓語）I'msorry(hear)that.2、圈出下列句子中的錯誤，并改正。1)Wouldyoulikegocampingwithus? 2)Helen,showushowdrawingasquare.3)Iwanttowritesalettertomypenfriend. 4)It'stimeforusgotoschool.5)LiuTaowantstoshowPeter'sphotostohismum.批注［微軟用戶叼：1.修飾動詞的狀語，是為批注［微軟用戶叼：1.修飾動詞的狀語，是為了說明動作的狀態(tài)，程度等,用的是一個副詞。2.修飾一整個句子的狀語是表時間、地點、原因、讓步、條件、方式等的。可以是副詞，從句，可以是分詞短語狀語從句是句子的狀語由一個從句充當.來修飾主句中的動詞.形容詞或副詞等。狀語從句都由從屬連詞引導，與主句連接，放在句末時，一般不在前面加逗號。狀語從句根據(jù)它表示的意思可分為時間，原因，條件，比較，結(jié)果，目的等類。批注［微軟用戶7］:非謂語動詞是指?些特殊的動詞形式，它們具有動詞的含義，卻不能獨立充當謂語，因此叫非謂語動詞，它包括：動詞不定式，過去分詞，現(xiàn)在分詞,動名詞etc=>其實就是動詞的“現(xiàn)在分詞”.它既有“名詞性質(zhì)”（可作主語）,又具有動詞性質(zhì)（可帶賓語）。

如：Pleasekeepquietinthereadingroom.還有我們的一些課題：Askingtheway中是“名詞性質(zhì)”；Myhobbyiscollectingstamps.中是“動詞性質(zhì)”，帶了賓語stamps.1、remember(記住)后面跟動名詞，表示“記得做過某事“：跟2+動詞原形，表示“記得要去做某事”。如:Irememberpostingthelettertoday. 我記得今天把信寄走了。Pleaseremembertopostthelettertoday. 請記住今天要把信寄走。2、forget(忘記)后面跟動名詞，表示忘記做過某事(實際做過)“；跟S+動詞原形，表示忘記去做某事(實際沒做)如：Iforgetdoinghomeworkthismorning. 我忘記今天早上做過作業(yè)了。Iforgettodohomeworkthismorning. 我忘記今天早上做作業(yè)了。3、stop(停止)后面躁動名詞,表示*，停止做某事”;跟to+動詞原形,表示44停止正在做的事，而去做別的事”。如：Stopsmoking,please. 請不要吸煙。Wearetired.Let'sstoptohavearest.我們累了，讓我們停卜來休息一下。4、like(喜歡)后面跟動名詞，表示個人的愛好和習慣，意思世，喜歡干某獷“；跟to+動詞原形，常用于wouldliketodosomething?衣示“某人想要、愿意干某事“。如：Iliketakingawalkaftersuppereveryday.我喜歡每天晚飯后去散步。Iwouldliketohavesomechips. 我想要吃些薯條。練一練：1、用擴號內(nèi)所給動詞的適當形式填空。(swim)isnotasfastasrunning.It'ssunnytoday.Let?sgo(fish).Doyoulike(read)Englishinthemorning?Areyougoodat(dance)?Whereisthe(shop)centre?Wouldyouliketogo(jog)withme?Myhobbyis(play)football.SuHailikes(watch)cartoonsonSundays.2、選擇擴號內(nèi)動詞的適當形式填空。

I'msorry(hearing,tohear)(hat.Jimisgoodat(swimming,toswim).Shallwego(skating,toskate)?Today,myworkis(looking,tolook)afterthebaby.I'mgoing(flying,tofly)akiteintheplayground.Ilike(playing,toplay)basketballafterschool.Wouldyoulike(going,togo)totheGreatWall?JimisaskingLiuTaohow(getting,toget)totheHistoryMuseum.十二、時間和日期的表達1、有兩種時間表達法：A）白:接讀寫數(shù)詞。如：9:15ninefifteen10:30tenthirty11:45elevenforty-five7:05sevenofive2:25twotwenty-five5:55fivefifty-fiveB）借助pasi和io來表達。past一般用于30分鐘以內(nèi)（含30分鐘）的時間表達；to一般用于超過30分鐘的時間表達。一刻鐘可以用aquarter表示，半小時可以用half表示。如：9:15aquarterpastnine10:30halfpastten11:45aquartertotwelve7:05fivepastseven2:25twenty-fivepasttwo5:55fivetosix注意：詢問時間可用句型“Whal'sihelime?'或者"Whaltimeis2、日期的表達：ihe+序數(shù)詞+of+月份。如：theihirdofJune六月三日注意：i旬問II期可用句型“Whaldateisitloday?'或者"Whal'sthedatetoday練一練：1、用兩種方法表達下列時間。

9:053:225:508:302、用英語表達下列H期。五月一日九月十日三月八日四月五日七月九日八月三日一月十五日六月二日十二月二十五日3、同義句轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞。1)一What'sthetime?--It'selevenforty-five.— isit?—-It's2)It'ssevenofive.It'stimeforbreakfast.6:451:58It's.It'stime.3)—What'sthedatetoday?--Il's1stOctober.-isittoday?—It's十三、名詞所有格1、有生命的名詞所有格：A）單數(shù)后加“飛”,如：SuHai'stwinsister蘇海的雙胞胎妹妹Jim'sfamily吉姆的一家B）以"s"結(jié)尾的復數(shù)名詞，只需加"…,如：Teachers'Day教師節(jié)thetwins'parentsC）不以“s”結(jié)尾的復數(shù)名詞，則仍需加“‘s"，如：Children'sDay兒童節(jié)注意：表示兩人或幾人共有的物品，只需在最后一人名后加“'s"，如：BenandJim'sbook2、無生命的名詞所有格，一般與“of”構(gòu)成短語。如：aphotoofhisfamily他家的一張照片 thecolourofherskirt她的短裙的顏色練一練:翻譯下列詞組:大衛(wèi)的叔叔我妹妹的郵票婦女節(jié)老師們的辦公室他筆友的信這本書的名字雙胞胎的書房孩子們的愛好練一練:翻譯下列詞組:大衛(wèi)的叔叔我妹妹的郵票婦女節(jié)老師們的辦公室他筆友的信這本書的名字雙胞胎的書房孩子們的愛好郵局的大門十四、句子的種類類別例句用法標點陳述句1H.Thisisabag. Ilikespring.描述一件事情或者說明說話人的看法類別例句用法標點陳述句否定Ican'tseeabagoverthere. Idon*tknow.描述一件事情或者說明說話人的看法疑問句一般Areyouastudent? Doyoulikepuppets?CanyouspeakEnglish?特殊when什么時間；who誰；whose誰的；where在哪里；which哪一個；why為什么；what什么；whattime什么時間；whatcolor什么顏色；whatabout 怎么樣；whatday星期幾；whatdate什么日期；whatfor為何目用于提出問題?的；how怎樣；howold多大歲數(shù)；howmany數(shù)量多少;howmuch多少錢；howabout 怎么樣：howfar多遠選擇Isyourfriendaboyoragirl?反意It'safineday,isn'tit?祁使句肯定Putithere.表示命令、建議或請求.或！否定Don'tlookatthenoticeboard.感嘆句Howsmartthescarfis!Whatasmartscarf!Howsmartthescarvesare!Whatsmartscarves!表示驚訝、喜悅、贊美、厭惡或憤怒等強烈感情?練一練：1、填入適當?shù)囊蓡栐~。1)walletisit?It'smine.2)istheChristmasDay?It'sonthe25thofDecember.3)isthediary?It'sunderthechair.4)istheboyinblue?He'sMike.5)aretheearphones?Theyare25yuan.6)isthehairdryer?It'sblue.7)isittoday?It'sSunday.8)wasityesterday?Itwasthe13thofOctober.9)thisredone?It'sbeautiful.10)isitfromhere?It'sabout2kilometersaway.11)A:CanIhavesomepaperandsomecrayons?B:?A:Iwanttomakeakite.12)isyourcousin?He's15yearsold.13)doyouhavedinner?At6o'clock.14)oneisfetter,theblueoneortheredone?Theblueone.2、對劃線部分提問。Icanseeeightrubbersinthebox.canseeinthebox?Myfatherisfinetoday.yourfathertoday?LiuTaoisplayingfootballintheplayground.LiuTaointheplaygiound?Thefilmswereontheground.thefilms?Thegirlwithbigeyesismysister'sfriend. sister'sfriend?Mybirthdayisonthe9thofSeptember. yourbirthday?rdlikeanicecakeforbreakfast.likeforbreakfast?That'sNancy'sskirt. isthat?3、按要求改寫句子。DIfsabook.(改為?般疑問句)_ita?Myfatherisinthestudy.(對劃線部分提問)isfather?DoyouwatchTVeverySunday?(做肯定回答)Thispictureisbeautiful.(改為以what引導的感嘆句)Whatpicture!Openthedoorforhim.(改為否定句)

openfor!Ihaveabiqpresent.（對劃線部分提問）doyou?肯定句否定句一般疑問句及回答Heisrunningnow.Heisn'trunningnow.---Isherunningnow??--Yes,heis./No,heisn't.Theyaremakingapuppet.Theyaren'tmakingapuppet.Aretheymakingapuppet??一Yes,theyare./No,theyaren't.Therearesomeorangetrees.（改為單數(shù)句子）Thereorange.wearegoingtoseeaBeijingopera.（對劃線部分提問）Whatyoudo?Hehassomequestions.（改為一般疑問句）hequestions?TheyvisitedtheirrelativesandfriendslastSpringFestival.（改為一般疑問句）theytheirrelativesandfriendslastSpringFestival?十五、時態(tài)1、一般現(xiàn)在時A、當謂語是be動詞時,構(gòu)成為：主語+be動詞(am,is,are)+其他。如：Iamastudent.B、當謂語是行為動詞時，構(gòu)成有兩種：(1)上語(.11：第人稱單.數(shù))+動詞原形+其他。如：WeoftenwatchTVattheweekends.(2)主語(笫?:人稱單數(shù))+動詞第?:人稱單數(shù)形式+其他。如：JimusuallygoestotheparkonSundays.C、句型變換：肯定句否定句一般疑問句及回答

TheywatchTVatsixeveryday.Theydon*twatchTVatsixeveryday.DotheywatchTVatsixeveryday.?--Yes,theydo./No,theydon't.ShewatchesTVatsixeveryday.Shedoesn'twatchTVatsixeveryday.―一DoesshewatchTVatsixeveryday.■--Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.肯定句否定句一般疑問句及回答TheywatchTVatsixeveryday.Theydon'twatchTVatsixeveryday.—DotheywatchTVatsixeveryday.■一Yes,theydo./No,theydon't.ShewalchcsTVatsixeveryday.Shedoesn'twatchTVatsixeveryday.—DoesshewatchTVatsixeveryday.…Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn,t.練一練：A、用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當形式填空。HeoftenHeoften(have)dinnerathome.3)We(notwatch)TVonMonday.5) they(like)theWorldCup?DanielandTommy(be)inClassOne.4)Nick(notgo)tothezooonSunday.6)There(be)somewaterinthebottle.yourparents(read)newspaperseveryday?Mike(like)cooking.Youalways(do)yourhomeworkwell.10)They(have)thesamehobby.11)Myaunt(look)afterherbabycarefully.12)LiuTao(do)notlikePE.13)SheandI(take)awalktogethereveryevening.B、按要求轉(zhuǎn)換句子，每空詞。Tomlikesplayingbasketballwithhisfriends.(改成否定句)Tomplayingbasketballwithhisfriends.David,sparentsoftentakeawalkaftersupper.(改為一般疑問句并作出否定回答)---David'sparentsoftenawalkaftersupper?---No,

TheyusuallywatchTV.(對劃線部分提問)theyusually?Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.(改為一般疑問句并作出肯定回答)…alwaysastudent?一,SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.(改為否定句)SimonandDanielgoing.2、現(xiàn)在進行時A、構(gòu)成形式：主語+be動詞+動詞的ing形式+其他。B、判斷依據(jù)：句中往往有now、look、listen等詞。注意：千萬不要忘了一定得有be動詞。C、句型變換：練一練：A、用所給的動詞的正確形式填空。Theboy(draw)apicturenow.Whatyou(do)now?Listen.Somegirls(sing)intheclassroom.Mymother(cook)somenicefoodnow.Look.They(have)anEnglishlesson.They(notwater)theflowersnow.Look!thegirls(dance)intheclassroom.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She(listen)tomusic.9)Helen(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.B、根據(jù)中文，完成句子，每空一詞。1)劉濤的父親正在澆花。LiuTao'sfatheris.2)看，孩子們正在操場上踢足球口Look!Thechildrenintheplayground.3)她正在公園里散步嗎？是的。一sheawalkinthepark?…Yes,she.Jack正在哪讀書？在他書房。―Jackthebooknow?-Heis.3、一般過去時A,構(gòu)成形式：主語+動詞的過去式+其他。注意：沒仃be動詞的否定句和疑問句中,用didn't否定和用did提問后，動詞定要用原形.B、判斷依據(jù)：(1)be動詞是was、were；(2)動詞加ed；(3)有表示過去的時間狀語，現(xiàn)在學過的常用的表示過去的時間狀語有：justnow,amoment,yesterday,lastweek,lastnight,lastweekend?lastyear?lastmonth,threedaysago*twoweeksago,fiveyearsago...C、句型變換:肯定句否定句?般疑問句及回答1wasateacherfiveyearsago.Iwasn:tateacherfiveyearsago.-Wereyouateacherfiveyearsago?…Yes,Iwas./No,Iwasn't.TheyDlavedmanygamesyesterday.Theydidn'tDlavmanygamesyesterday.DidtheydEkmanygamesyesterday?Yes,theydid./No,theydidn't.練一練：A、用動詞的適當形式填空。It(be)Ben'sbirthdaylastFriday.2)Weall(have)agoodtimelastnight.He(jump)highonlastSportsDay.4)Helen(milk)acowonFriday.Shelikesnewspapers,butsheabookyesterday.(read)Hefootballnow,buttheybasketballjustnow.(play)Jim'smother(plant)treesjustnow.they(sweep)theflooronSunday?No,they.I(watch)acartoononMonday.We(go)toschoolonSunday.B、按要求改寫句子。Myfathercametotheshopjustnow.（改為否定句）

Myfathertotheshopjustnow.IwatchedTVlastnight.（改為一般疑問句,并作否定回答）-youTVlast?一,.Theirteachertoldthemastoryyesterday.（對劃線部分提問）theirteacherthemyesterday?TheywereonthefarmlastSaturday.（改為否定句）TheyonthefarmlastSaturday.DavidandLiuTaodidtheirhomeworktogetheramomentago.（改為一般疑問句）DavidandLiuTaohomeworktogether.4、一般將來時A、構(gòu)成形式：(1)主語+begoinglo+動詞原形+其他。(2)主語+will+動詞原形+其他。B、判斷依據(jù)：一個句子中既有be動詞，又有g(shù)oing、to和動詞，且動詞用的是原形，句中往往有tomorrow>soon、nextweek等詞。C、句型變換：肯定句看定nJ?般疑問句及回答Sheisgoingtohaveapicnictomorrow.Sheisn'tgoingtohaveapicnictomorrow.-Isshegoingtohaveapicnictomorrow?---Yes,sheis./No,sheisn't.TheyaregoingtovisittheirgrandparentsnextSunday.Theyaren'tgoingtovisittheirgrandparentsnextSunday.—AretheygoingtovisittheirgrandparentsnextSunday?—Yes,theyare./No,theyaren't.注意：---Whereareyougoing?一We'regoingtoBeijing.問句中不要用到to。

練一練:A、根據(jù)中文，完成句子，每空一詞。1）我打算明天和朋友去野炊。Ihaveapicnicwithmyfriends.或者：Ihaveapicnicwithmyfriends.2）下個星期一你打算去干嘛？我想去打籃球?！猈hatnextMonday?-Iplaybasketball.或者:---WhatyoudonextMonday?--1playbasketball.3）你媽媽這個周末去購物嗎？是，她要去買一些水果。yourmothergoshoppingthis?一Yes,she.Shebuysomefruit.4.）你們打算什么時候見面？Whattimeyoumeet?B、改寫句子。）Nancyisgoingtogocamping.（改否定句）Nancygoingtogocamping.Filgoandjointhem.（改否定句）Igojointhem.Fmgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.（改?般疑問句）togetupat6:30tomorrow?Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:3