7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測課件

第7章圓柱齒輪

公差與配合應(yīng)用

Chapter7Cylindricalgear'stoleranceandfitapplication迭忍誦痔檀鑲早楷裙姓窿酋蝦愧產(chǎn)吉攫瓜扶濫祁藻毅摯妓緝奴愛褲巳鋤籬7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測第7章圓柱齒輪

公差與配合應(yīng)用

Chapter7C1基本要求Basicrequirements目的：了解圓柱齒輪的公差標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Aim:TounderstandtolerancestandardsofCylindricalgear初步掌握：Grasppreliminarily:1.應(yīng)用要求、加工誤差A(yù)pplicationrequirementsandmanufacturingerror2.評定指標(biāo)Evaluationindex3.圖樣標(biāo)注Labelsofpattern4.齒輪精度設(shè)計(jì)Designofgearaccuracy操作技能：評定指標(biāo)的檢驗(yàn)Manipulativeskill:Thetestofevaluationindex.逾澗鵬糟疑擺柴抱績騰啥槍雪聰羹悔喇詢眶先刨躬磁慘售儲(chǔ)閨顛揣故仙抿7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測基本要求Basicrequirements目的：了解圓2特點(diǎn)Traits1結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊Compactstructure2恒定的傳動(dòng)比Constanttransmissionratio3傳動(dòng)效率高Hightransmissionefficiency4可實(shí)現(xiàn)平行軸、相交軸和交錯(cuò)軸之間的傳動(dòng)Itcouldrealizethetransmissionbetweenparallelaxles,intersectantaxlesandinterlacedaxles5使用壽命長Longworkinglife6維護(hù)保養(yǎng)簡單Sampletomaintain作用：傳遞空間任意兩軸（平行、相交、交錯(cuò)）的旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)，或?qū)⑥D(zhuǎn)動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)換為移動(dòng)。Founction:Totransmittherevolvingmovementsofanytwoaxles(parallel,intersectantandinterlaced)inspace.Andtoconvertturntoshift.缺點(diǎn)：要求較高的制造和安裝精度，加工成本高、不適宜遠(yuǎn)距離傳動(dòng)。Disadvantages:Itneedshigheraccuraciesofmanufactureandinstallment.Conversioncostishighanditisnotsuitableforlongdistancetransmission.燈輻棒巳換長姿端柏奄雍拒氨本事瑟茨帚腑拈這望泰瘦蚤斂求最痹責(zé)涯網(wǎng)7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測特點(diǎn)Traits作用：傳遞空間任意兩軸（平行、相交、交3齒輪傳動(dòng)的類型Typesofgeardrive傳動(dòng)齒輪：轉(zhuǎn)速較高，功率較大（汽車飛機(jī)等變速裝置）Drivegear:Higherrotationrateandpower(Speedvariatorsinautomobilesandairplanes)動(dòng)力齒輪：轉(zhuǎn)速不高，傳遞扭矩（礦山機(jī)械起重機(jī)械）Powergear:Thespeedofrevolutionisnothighandittransmitstorque(miningmachineandhoistingmachinery)分度齒輪：精確回轉(zhuǎn)（精密機(jī)床儀表中的分度裝置）Dividinggear:Preciserotation(precisionmachinetoolanddividingdeviceininstrumentation)牲在乃貴廠什徘曾鈉吏賬姆咯訴皋哉偵兼鼎鄧旁匆鴿桔升絞竹氨籮溉巫嗜7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測齒輪傳動(dòng)的類型Typesofgeardrive傳動(dòng)4

齒輪傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)組成Theformofgeartransimissionmechanism齒輪副、軸、軸承、箱體…pairofgears,axles,bearingsandboxes…但瑰巢嗡胡九峻辟桅狽紀(jì)簽挾何雁塌余開刨潘劊盯蜜淹售輸迫催寞爭院戎7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測齒輪傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)組成Theformofgear5失效形式failuremode輪齒折斷toothbreakage1.由于多次重復(fù)的彎曲應(yīng)力和應(yīng)力集中造成的疲勞折斷；Thefatiguefracturewhichiscausedbyoft-repeatedbendingstressesandstressconcentration.2.由于突然嚴(yán)重過載或沖擊載荷作用引起的過載折斷。Theoverloadbreakwhichiscausedbysuddensevereoverloadorimpactload.直齒輪：齒寬較小的往往發(fā)生全齒折斷,齒寬較大的直齒輪或斜齒輪則容易發(fā)生局部折斷。Straightgear:Thegearswithsmallerbreadthoftoothoftenemergewholetoothfracturewhilethestraightgearsorhelicalgearswithbiggerbreadthoftoothareeasytoemergelocalbreak.呵綿灑帛淖笆賈遣檢寫丙刻傾橋壽批嘿惟瘡益菩伏肋菌歧全氯漚埃初竭螟7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測失效形式failuremode輪齒折斷too6一、輪齒的失效形式失效形式齒面點(diǎn)蝕Toothsurfacepitting原因：由于在齒面嚙合處脈動(dòng)循環(huán)變接觸應(yīng)力長期作用下，當(dāng)應(yīng)力峰值超過材料的接觸疲勞極限，經(jīng)過一定應(yīng)力循環(huán)次數(shù)后，先在節(jié)線附近的齒廓表面產(chǎn)生細(xì)微的疲勞裂紋。隨著裂紋的擴(kuò)展，將導(dǎo)致小塊金屬剝落，產(chǎn)生齒面點(diǎn)蝕。Reason:Becauseofthelongtermeffectofpulsatingcyclicvariablecontactstressonmeshingpointoftoothsurface.Whenpeakstressexceedsmaterial’scontactfatiguelimit,hairlikefatiguecrackswillappearontoothprofilesurfacearoundnodellineaftercertainnumberoftimesofstresscycle.Withtheextendingofflaws.Scrapmetalwillpeelofftoproducetoothsurfacepitting.點(diǎn)蝕不良影響：影響輪齒正常嚙合，引起沖擊和噪聲，造成傳動(dòng)的不平穩(wěn)。Harmfuleffectsofpitting:Influencingthenormalengagementofgearteeth,causingconcussionsandnoise,creatingun-stationarytransmission.寶封行舶詐梢先饞桔緒稚滅菜博闡況骯章眠撣頌睹稀餒妝棋閻眾瓶擅嚨袋7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測一、輪齒的失效形式失效形式齒面點(diǎn)蝕Toothsu7一、輪齒的失效形式失效形式齒面膠合Toothsurfacebonding高速重載傳動(dòng)中，常因嚙合區(qū)溫度升高而引起潤滑失效，致使齒面金屬直接接觸而相互粘連。當(dāng)齒面相對滑動(dòng)時(shí)，較軟的齒面沿滑動(dòng)方向被撕下而形成溝紋。Onhighspeedandheavyloadtransmission.Theraiseofmeshingzone’stemperatureusuallycauseslubricationlosingefficacytoleadtothedirectcontactsoftoothsurfacemetalandadhesionsofeachother.Whentoothsurfacesslitherrelatively,softertoothsurfacesaretorn-outonglidedirectiontoformgrooves.隋難免淚苗寡涵缽醞大肋菜季邪遍射境圣芒椿悟躬絞救赫聾葉皮圣副庸攝7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測一、輪齒的失效形式失效形式齒面膠合高速重8傳動(dòng)精度transmissionaccuracy齒側(cè)間隙---齒輪副合理性backlashincirculartooth---Therationalityofgearpairs.1-1.齒輪的應(yīng)用要求Applicationrequirementsofgears7.1應(yīng)用要求及加工誤差A(yù)pplicationrequirementsandprocessingerrors傳遞運(yùn)動(dòng)的準(zhǔn)確性Theaccuracyoftransfermotion傳遞運(yùn)動(dòng)的平穩(wěn)性Thestabilityoftransfermotion載荷分布的均勻性Thehomogeneityofloaddistribution匆頂壟砌撅從利凋漳游潔噎紹克續(xù)啃乖阻瘓指紫牽矗茹岳寡景舊盛李澀瓷7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測1-1.齒輪的應(yīng)用要求Applicationrequi9要求從動(dòng)輪與主動(dòng)輪運(yùn)動(dòng)協(xié)調(diào)，應(yīng)限制齒輪一轉(zhuǎn)內(nèi)傳動(dòng)比的不均勻性。Requiringthecoordinationofdrivenwheelandactionwheel’smovement.Wearesupposedtorestricttheunevenmovementsofgearsinoneround.1.傳遞運(yùn)動(dòng)的準(zhǔn)確性Theaccuracyoftransfermotions.綸簡摯擒壘渺籌擺班磐舔撣氛島迎沈蠟葡嚏拓嗚充收斤組喧擒拓賂飼肪圖7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測要求從動(dòng)輪與主動(dòng)輪運(yùn)動(dòng)協(xié)調(diào)，應(yīng)限制齒輪一轉(zhuǎn)內(nèi)傳動(dòng)比的不均勻性10要求:齒輪在轉(zhuǎn)過一個(gè)齒距角的范圍內(nèi)，其最大轉(zhuǎn)角誤差應(yīng)限制在一定的范圍內(nèi)。Requirement:Themaximumangularerrorshouldberestrictedinacertainrangewithintherangeofthatgearturningaroundoneangularpitch.一個(gè)齒距角內(nèi)瞬時(shí)傳動(dòng)比→沖擊、振動(dòng)和噪聲Instantaneoustransmissionratiowithinoneangularpitch→concussion,shakeandnoise.2.傳動(dòng)的平穩(wěn)性Thestabilityoftransfermotion佰盔閡庸?fàn)幪€(wěn)扣訃花監(jiān)魂例碧部渴鴦胎度仆栽稗咱笑咬孵鞭卓劫幕蒙崗7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測要求:齒輪在轉(zhuǎn)過一個(gè)齒距角的范圍內(nèi)，其最大轉(zhuǎn)角誤差應(yīng)限制在一113.載荷分布的均勻性Thehomogeneityofloaddistribution輪齒嚙合過程中，工作齒面沿全齒高和全齒長上保持均勻接觸，并且接觸面積盡可能的大。Intheengagementprocessofgearteeth.Workingflanksofteetharekeptinevencontactonwholeteethheightandwholeteethlengthandcontactareasshouldbeasbiggeraspossible.引起應(yīng)力集中，造成局部磨損，輪齒折斷，影響齒輪的使用壽命Causingstressconcentrationtoleadtoconcentratedwearandtoothbreakagesothatinfluencingworkinglifesofgears.藕蝴塘領(lǐng)天惰受異爾三迪萊忻討曰治腳崔抉窖善范玫抒外匆卸氓咬盜審郵7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測3.載荷分布的均勻性Thehomogeneity12齒輪傳動(dòng)過程中，非接觸面之間一定要有合理的間隙。Theremustbereasonableclearancebetweennon-contactsurfaceintheprocessofgeartransmission.4.齒輪副側(cè)隙的合理性Rationalitiesofbacklashesofgearpairs1.貯存潤滑油storeuplubricatingoil2.補(bǔ)償齒輪的變形compensatethedistortionsofgears3.制造和安裝誤差所引起的尺寸變動(dòng)sizechangeswhicharecausedbyManufacturingandinstallationerrors厭闌牡兩泉懼疾騰刷汛妒尸馭匣烴隅逆快掀芬喉糟溢襪居授編黃敖咎蠟芹7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測齒輪傳動(dòng)過程中，非接觸面之間一定要有合理的間隙。The13不同齒輪的傳動(dòng)精度要求Transmissionaccuracyrequirementsofdifferentgears傳動(dòng)齒輪Drivegear傳遞運(yùn)動(dòng)的準(zhǔn)確性Theaccuracyoftransfermotion傳動(dòng)的平穩(wěn)性Thestabilityoftransfermotion載荷分布的均勻性Thehomogeneityofloaddistribution動(dòng)力齒輪Powergear載荷分布的均勻性Thehomogeneityofloaddistribution齒輪副側(cè)隙的合理性Rationalitiesofbacklashesofgearpairs分度齒輪Dividinggear傳遞運(yùn)動(dòng)的準(zhǔn)確性Theaccuracyoftransfermotion齒輪副側(cè)隙為零Thebacklashesofgearpairsarezero綱缸硝薪呀至披汞將員膠田漫銜頒穿富煤女猶搪湘跳謠駁到谷基優(yōu)措蠢猾7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測不同齒輪的傳動(dòng)精度要求Transmissionaccur14加工方法：rocessingmethods:按齒廓形成原理→仿形法Accordingtotoothprofiles’formingprinciples→formcuttingmethod展成法generatingmethod7.2加工誤差的來源與分類Theoriginsandclassificationsofmismachiningtolerance蛤蹈慢炔顧慢名從電領(lǐng)請譯滓井豹九尺篷洶遷薩酬紙柳賀事醞那襖瑚韌董7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測加工方法：rocessingmethods:7.2加工誤15滾齒機(jī)hobbingmachine滾刀hobbingcutter進(jìn)給feedωω0范成運(yùn)動(dòng)generatingmotion齒輪滾刀Gearcutterhob被加工齒輪Machinedgear廠語涼鴕讀皋抬厭詞沂窿泌憚煙具盧晰縮蕾謾噎吩候鎖鬧邪儒霜羌探攔斷7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測滾齒機(jī)hobbingmachine滾刀hobbing16誤差來源Sourcesoferrors工藝系統(tǒng)：機(jī)床、夾具、刀具、齒坯本身Processsystem:machinetool,fixture,cutterandgearblanksthemselves.安裝、調(diào)整Installandadjust纓予盔恍燭薔續(xù)膠瘤蛛醫(yī)鈕賀極圓秦肘食佐譜喚稿得惠稚有寄勺棚秒勸辱7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測誤差來源Sourcesoferrors工藝系統(tǒng)：機(jī)床17齒坯Gearblankej

oo′

oo′齒圈Gearring孔的同心圓Concentriccircleofholeo′oej1>幾何偏心ejGeometriceccentricity1齒輪加工誤差來源Thesourcesoferrorsingearmachining箕姜涵幌灸惱疇怎賄鍛緝回博十凌肢趟爐安寬蹬跌舀苗召鳴礙臉嚏卑卯必7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測齒坯Gearblankejoo′o182>運(yùn)動(dòng)偏心ey→ek+分度蝸輪加工誤差Eccentricmotioney→ek+mismachiningtolerancesofdividingwormwheel1分度蝸輪dividingwormwheel2蝸桿worm3滾刀hobbingcutter4齒坯gearblanks34ejedo—

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12ekewo”o瑯逸界熒渙檻章忘弱葛唬粗骯梁檔浸皆耐癸啦棠獸幸毫報(bào)譜粘寄患掃稼支7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測2>運(yùn)動(dòng)偏心ey→ek+分度蝸輪加工誤差Eccen19Gearswitheccentricmotions翱橋迅完芒吊咎甕藹功淑箔汞幅防熒鐳晌鎮(zhèn)拈疥櫥踩組虐渤決籃凰奪察前7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測Gearswitheccentricmotions翱203〉機(jī)床傳動(dòng)鏈的高頻誤差HighfrequencyerrorsofMachinetooltransmissionchains原因：分度蝸桿的安裝偏心和軸向躥動(dòng),導(dǎo)致蝸輪（齒坯）轉(zhuǎn)速不均勻Reasons:Theinstallationeccentricitiesandaxialdriftingofindexingwormscontributetoinhomogeneousspeedsofwormgears(gearblanks).結(jié)果：加工出的齒輪有齒距偏差和齒形偏差Results:Processedgearshavepitchdeviationsandprofiledeviations.耽藐押女翹腕尸岔杜潰橫拖訪肝填桃拂夕盞追滲弱芬犬苛胚勒運(yùn)箕韌播靈7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測3〉機(jī)床傳動(dòng)鏈的高頻誤差Highfrequency214〉滾刀的安裝誤差和加工誤差I(lǐng)nstallationerrorsandmismachiningtolerancesofhobbingcutters34ejedo—

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12ekewo”o滾刀偏心→edEccentricityofhobbingcutter未隨健峪喇靠籌嫁桅疵互竄襖矽刃紛蔑餌瘍心淪焊蹲臼所獺乍裸腸汀郭薦7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測4〉滾刀的安裝誤差和加工誤差I(lǐng)nstallationerr222.齒輪加工誤差的分類

Theclassificationsofgearmachiningerrors㈠按表現(xiàn)特征可分為4類：Itcouldbedividedintofourclassesacordingtoperformancecharacteristic齒廓誤差齒距誤差ToothprofileerrorPitcherror齒向誤差齒厚偏差ToothalignmenterrorTooththicknessdeviation齒廓相對于工件的旋轉(zhuǎn)中心分布不均勻Toothprofileisirregularlydistributedtorotatingcenteroftheworkpiece.齒廓不是理論的漸開線Toothprofileisnottheoreticalinvolute.齒面沿齒輪軸線方向的形狀和位置誤差Toothflank’sformandpositionerrorsalonggearaxis.齒厚相對于理論值在整個(gè)齒圈上不一致Tooththickness’sinconformitytotheoreticalvalueonwholegearring.朱迅死絮哄遭向率拙亨喜繕臼雨奠笛渙幻瞳衛(wèi)淀蔚蛾源腔濱溯撮肚臃瀝問7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測2.齒輪加工誤差的分類

Theclassification23㈡按方向特征可分為3類Itcouldbedividedintothreeclassesaccordingtodirectionalfeatures.徑向誤差切向誤差軸向誤差RadialerrorsTangentialerrorsAxialerrors齒高方向齒厚方向齒向方向ToothheightdirectionTooththicknessdirectionDirectionoftooth↓↓↓瞧朗譬蓑器劈寥鶴裴佛戲衍掛咐稈螢本設(shè)疚尚鉗借鈔芥稻嚏吟事崎弗用圣7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測㈡按方向特征可分為3類Itcouldbedivi24㈢按周期或頻率特征可分Accordingtocycleorfrequencycharacteristic,itcoulddividedinto…長周期誤差Longcycleerror短周期誤差Shortcycleerror傳遞運(yùn)動(dòng)的準(zhǔn)確性Theaccuracyoftransfermotion工作平穩(wěn)性Workstability以齒輪一轉(zhuǎn)為周期Regardgear’soneturnascycle以齒輪一齒為周期Regardgear’sonetoothascycle彼宅閑弗編痕鴛農(nóng)誹孵挾宮屎肛毀鵲幕洼傅哲催癱勝料公胰惰貴胳亂價(jià)嗡7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測㈢按周期或頻率特征可分Accordingtoc25圓柱齒輪傳動(dòng)公差Transmissiontolerancesofcylindricalgears第Ⅰ公差組No.1Tolerancegroup傳遞運(yùn)動(dòng)的準(zhǔn)確性Theaccuraciesoftransfermotions第Ⅱ公差組No.2Tolerancegroup傳動(dòng)的平穩(wěn)性Thestabilitiesoftransmissions第Ⅲ公差組No.3Tolerancegroup載荷分布的均勻性ThehomogeneitiesofloaddistributionsGB/T10095.1-2001

GB/T10095.2-2001堡篡錦欲惱襲璃綸秀景統(tǒng)辯癟療穩(wěn)轎癰帝灶獨(dú)隔在知廉今特嘿恬琢俏攣釜7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測圓柱齒輪傳動(dòng)公差Transmissiontolera26傳遞運(yùn)動(dòng)準(zhǔn)確性的評定指標(biāo)Theevaluationindexesoftransfermotionaccuracy傳遞運(yùn)動(dòng)平穩(wěn)性的評定指標(biāo)Theevaluationindexesoftransfermotionstability載荷分布均勻性的評定指標(biāo)Theevaluationindexesofloaddistributionhomogeneity影響側(cè)隙的單個(gè)齒輪因素Singlegearfactorwhichinfluencessideshake7.3單個(gè)齒輪的評定指標(biāo)Theevaluationcriteriaofsinglegear菇鉤診塔疲振皇哮闌蟬替辜藕燒灌義遂窟曳稈躲狽蜀圃寢脖兩肯產(chǎn)蔬翻昔7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7.3單個(gè)齒輪的評定指標(biāo)菇鉤診塔疲振皇哮闌蟬替辜藕燒灌義27-1傳遞運(yùn)動(dòng)準(zhǔn)確性的檢測項(xiàng)目Theinspectionitemsoftransfermotionaccuracy切向綜合總偏差（Fi′）Tangentialgeneraldeviation齒距累積總偏差（Fp）Cumulativepitcherror徑向跳動(dòng)（Fr）Radialrunout徑向綜合總偏差（Fi〞）Radicalgeneraldeviation公法線長度變動(dòng)（△Fw）Thechangesofbasetangentlength檔段鉑潮秤廷烴舌泰重肉荒吏酋竊跡寨呈帥錳啟臭潑熄箭齋棟凰噪脖瘧怯7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測-1傳遞運(yùn)動(dòng)準(zhǔn)確性的檢測項(xiàng)目Theinspection28單項(xiàng)評定指標(biāo)Singleevaluationindex齒輪一轉(zhuǎn)范圍內(nèi)，測頭在齒槽內(nèi)與齒高中部雙面接觸，測頭相對于齒輪軸線的最大變動(dòng)量稱齒圈徑向跳動(dòng)。Withingear’soneturnrange,gaugeheadiscontactedindoublesideswithtoothheightmiddlepartwithintoothspace.Themaximumvariationthatgaugecontainstowardgearaxisiscalledgearringradicalrunout.逛蒼喲宗茄頒喬嘯承琴淺誼臆聶捉張恢蜀幾帆敖霓嫡倚祝常渠眨一斯拴苫7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測單項(xiàng)評定指標(biāo)Singleevaluationind29Fr主要反映由于齒坯偏心引起的齒輪徑向長周期誤差。Frmainlyreflectsthegearradicallongtermerrorwhichiscausedbytheeccentricityofgearblanks

可用齒圈徑向跳動(dòng)檢查儀測量，測頭可以用球形或錐形。Itcouldtestedbygearringradicalrunoutdetector.Gaugeheadcouldusesphereortaper.擒潰旺宛嘉羌舜刪息渣輥芯奢祝器瘤史殘殿韋環(huán)太枯捷擅眠憤貶勛廓咒浩7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測Fr主要反映由于齒坯偏心引起的齒輪徑向長周期誤差。30-2傳動(dòng)工作平穩(wěn)性的檢測項(xiàng)目Theinspectionitemsofdrivingworkstability一齒切向綜合偏差fi′Toothtangentialandgeneraldeviation一齒徑向綜合偏差fi〞Toothradicalandgeneraldeviation齒廓偏差Toothprofiledeviation基圓齒距偏差fpbBasecirclepitchdeviation單個(gè)齒距偏差fptSinglepitchdeviation冊墑?wù)Q爾柜她封軋宦看凌聽放摔肋癡志層遵奈芬覽枝鉚非匈姬旨洲硅顱拋7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測-2傳動(dòng)工作平穩(wěn)性的檢測項(xiàng)目Theinspect31-3載荷分布均勻性的檢測項(xiàng)目Theinspectionitemsofloaddistribution’shomogeneity螺旋線偏差：在端面基圓切線方向上測得的實(shí)際螺旋線偏離設(shè)計(jì)螺旋線的量Helixdeviation:Thetestedamountthatactualhelixdeviatesfromdesignedhelixonthetangentialdirectionofendfacebasecircle.（1）螺旋線總偏差Fβ在計(jì)值范圍內(nèi)，包容實(shí)際螺旋線跡線的兩條設(shè)計(jì)螺旋線跡線間的距離HelixtotaldeviationFβWithintherangeofvalues,thedistancesbetweentwodesignedhelixpathlineswhichincludehelixpathlines.（2）螺旋線形狀偏差ffβ在計(jì)值范圍內(nèi)，包容實(shí)際螺旋線跡線的兩條與平均螺旋線跡線完全相同曲線間的距離HelixshapedeviationffβWithintherangeofvalues,thedistancesbetweentwocurveswhicharesameasaveragehelixpathlinesandincludingactualhelixpathlines.（3）螺旋線傾斜偏差fhβ在計(jì)值范圍的兩端與平均螺旋跡線相交的設(shè)計(jì)螺旋線跡線間的距離HelixinclinedeviationfhβWithintherangeofvalues,thedistancesbetweendesignedhelixpathlinesthatbothendsareintersectantwithaveragehelixpathlines.葦棒傻酌姻鎊腳礙佑選蟻輥捐土舒唉嘴騎辟獰廊腿堡腫瑟銀灰袒熒朋螺太7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測-3載荷分布均勻性的檢測項(xiàng)目Theinspection32-4影響側(cè)隙的單個(gè)齒輪因素Singlegearfactorsthatinfluencesideshakes1齒厚偏差fSn

Tooththicknessdeviation

齒厚的上偏差（ESnS）Theupperdeviationoftooththickness

下偏差（ESni）Lowerdeviation一般都為負(fù)值Commonlytobenegativevalue2公法線長度偏差Basetangentlengthdeviation欲障馴臣彬鞘皖銥邪陶螢翁禱征槽拈謄農(nóng)刺吞爸由蘸膿捍簿寨鴿吠駒貢蓋7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測-4影響側(cè)隙的單個(gè)齒輪因素Singlegea337.4齒輪副評定指標(biāo)Theevaluationindexesofgearpairs1軸線的平行度誤差Theparallelismerrorsofaxes2中心距偏差Thedeviationsofcentre-to-centreseparations3接觸斑點(diǎn)Contactspot4齒輪副的側(cè)隙Thesideshakeofgearpair卷瞳婚噶婪憑咐尿悟黍瞥顏梨榆闖割轎鉑湃舷奏逾泅邱窒廈穆尋裝蘇迂溝7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7.4齒輪副評定指標(biāo)Theevaluationi344齒輪副側(cè)隙Thesideshakeofgearpair齒輪副的最小極限側(cè)隙應(yīng)根據(jù)齒輪工作時(shí)的溫度和潤滑條件確定，與齒輪的精度等級無關(guān)。Theminimumlimitsideshakeofgearpairshouldbeascertainedbygear’sworkingtemperatureandlubricationcondition.Ithasnothingtodowiththegear’saccuracyclass.高溫工作的傳動(dòng)齒輪，為保證正常潤滑，避免發(fā)熱卡死，要求有較大的側(cè)隙；Thereshouldbebiggishsideshakefordrivegearworkinginhighterperature.Thatistoensurenormallubricationandpreventingthegearfromfeverandjammed而需正反轉(zhuǎn)或讀數(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)的齒輪，為避免空程，則要求較小的側(cè)隙。Thereshouldbelessersideshakeforthegearstopreventidlestrokewhichneedpositiveinversionorreadingmechanism.板揍號祭潮羽畫中釘授禮箭甚得偷繞綿蓑鎮(zhèn)欽短渙謾蔭覆鯉咱邪俐襯果閏7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測4齒輪副側(cè)隙Thesideshakeofge35★側(cè)隙獲得方法Themethodstoobtainsideshake1.基齒厚制:即固定齒厚的極限偏差，通過改變中心距的基本偏差來獲得不同的最小極限側(cè)隙，此方法用于中心距可調(diào)的機(jī)構(gòu)。Basegearthickness:Fixgearthickness’slimitdeviations.Obtainingdifferentminimumlimitsidegapsthroughchangingthebasicdeviationsofcentre-to-centreseparations.Thismethodisusedforthemechanismsofwhichcentre-to-centreseparationsaretunable.2.基中心距制:即固定中心距的極限偏差，通過改變齒厚的上下偏差來得到不同的最小極限側(cè)隙，國標(biāo)采用后一種.Basecentre-to-centreseparationdistancesystem:Fixcentre-to-centreseparation’slimitdeviation.Obtainingdifferentminimumlimitsidegapsthroughchangingtheupperandlowerdeviationsofgearthickness.ChineseStandardadoptsthelatter.莆聚倆羌蘆六泣嫩凹滌虛民已蠻未嫉儀稀篩拉全快夫鞘猛菌笑彪靶網(wǎng)奢母7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測★側(cè)隙獲得方法Themethodstoo36jbnminjbnmin=jbn1+jbn2工作溫度潤滑方式圓周速度WorkingtemperatureLubricationmethodPeripheralspeed補(bǔ)償溫升引起的變形Compensatethedistortionscausedbytemperaturerise保證齒輪工作面的正常潤滑Ensurethenormallubricationongear’sworkingsurface最小法向極限側(cè)隙Theminimumlimitsideshakeonnormal卸朝沸族英浙距恕浴良崖漓峻賺耐名錢苞鮮糊秘搽戳覽焰敗范朗鴉喜釀呵7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測jbnminjbnmin=jbn1+jbn2工作溫度37Jbn2取決于潤滑方式和齒輪工作的圓周速度Jbn2liesonlubricatingmethodandtheworkingperipheralspeedofgear潤滑方式lubricatingmethod圓周速度Vm/speripheralspeedV≤1010＜V≤2525＜V≤60V＞60噴油潤滑Oilinjectionlubrication0.01mn0.02mn0.03mn0.03～0.05mn油池潤滑Oilsumplubrication0.005～0.01mn注：mn為法向模數(shù)mmmnisnormalmodulus劈炊叔肝吞懈毀耍沁昏埋蚊駝聰掃冪睫寒共詩囊渝蠟抖乳瑞葡謅哥毛儒艷7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測Jbn2取決于潤滑方式和齒輪工作的圓周速度Jbn2lies387.5漸開線圓柱齒輪

精度設(shè)計(jì)Theprecisiondesignofinvolutecylindricalgear齒輪精度等級的確定Theascertainmentofgear’saccuracyclass齒輪副側(cè)隙、齒厚極限偏差的確定Theascertainmentofbacklashofgearpairandlimitdeviationoftooththickness齒坯精度和齒輪表面粗糙度Precisionofgearblanksandroughnessofgearsurfaces圖樣標(biāo)注Patternannotation莊攢揭嚇安鍋鄭召吏芋密仇藤瘴逃秒碩凸寡瑩壯衙耿灘恤啼邀妨波斟染頌7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7.5漸開線圓柱齒輪

精度設(shè)計(jì)Theprecision39GB/T10095.1-2001《漸開線圓柱齒輪精度第1部分輪齒同側(cè)齒面偏差的定義和允許值》《TheaccuracyofinvolutecylindricalgearPart1Thedefinitionsandallowablevaluesoftoothflanktoothsurfacedeviations》GB/T10095.2-2001《漸開線圓柱齒輪精度第2部分徑向綜合偏差與徑向跳動(dòng)的定義和允許值》《TheaccuracyofinvolutecylindricalgearPart2Thedefinitionsandallowablevaluesofradialintegrateddeviationsandradialrunout》GB/Z18620.1～4指導(dǎo)性技術(shù)文件Technicalguidancedocument慫瑰穢倔組雍繡輕漁暑噓真財(cái)?shù)\前眠琶穗宵原娘踏饞帕酶瘍神腎南唆么伙7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測GB/T10095.1-2001《漸開線圓柱齒輪精度第140分度圓直徑：5～10000mmstandardpitchdiameter法向模數(shù)：0.5～70mmnormalmodulus齒寬：4～1000mmtoothwidth標(biāo)準(zhǔn)適用范圍Thescopeofapplicationsforstandards蕉蛻膘峪延箭讒水揚(yáng)世桔班烷患虎刪鵬孫冬堅(jiān)覺矮呸沿杏陛披匿撫袒餒深7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測分度圓直徑：5～10000mm標(biāo)準(zhǔn)適用范圍Thesc4113個(gè)精度等級Thirteenaccuracyclasses0、1、23～56～89～12待用inactive高精度等級Highaccuracyclasses中等精度等級Middleaccuracyclasses最低精度等級Thelowestaccuracyclasses7GB/T10095.2（1）—2001一、漸開線圓柱齒輪精度等級Theaccuracyclassesforinvolutecylindricalgears育簾葛租琵灼撒膽遭媽住獻(xiàn)君泉愧剁撼拐膏軍平叢專醇哲絹掉洋蛤卸隔佳7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測13個(gè)精度等級Thirteenaccuracyclas421.齒輪精度等級的選擇Theselectionforgearprecisiongrade根據(jù)用途、使用要求、傳遞功率、圓周速度及其它技術(shù)要求而定，同時(shí)考慮切齒工藝及經(jīng)濟(jì)性。Accordingtoapplications,operatingrequirements,transmittedpower,peripheralspeedandothertechnicalrequirementsthusthinkingaboutcuttingprocessandeconomy.選擇原則Selectionprinciples卸肚酥腋夾膏臃然銥蛾柿饒玖玖耶瓦字頑浙饒濰密稅做貉覺陀姨汝怖敢勘7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測1.齒輪精度等級的選擇Theselectionfor43選擇方法Selectionmethods1）．計(jì)算法computationtechnique依據(jù)齒輪傳動(dòng)用途的主要要求，計(jì)算確定出其中一種使用要求的精度等級，再按其他方面要求，作適當(dāng)協(xié)調(diào)，來確定其它使用要求的精度等級.Accordingtothemainrequirementsofgeardriveapplications,calculatingandascertainingoneusagerequirement’saccuracyclass.Thenaccordingtootherrequirementsofotheraspectsandmakingpropercoordinationtoascertaintheaccuracyclassesofotherusagerequirements.斡思鳥景涕庇引瞬腳沉像賬凸誕屎抖涂贏勉燎凍爾木熔瞅組瀝曠榷毆痰乃7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測選擇方法Selectionmethods1）．計(jì)算法44當(dāng)對傳遞運(yùn)動(dòng)準(zhǔn)確性沒有特別要求時(shí)，第Ⅰ公差組的精度常比第Ⅱ公差組低一個(gè)等級。Whentherearenospecialrequirementsfortheaccuracyoftransfermotion.TheprecisionaccuracyofNo.1TolerancegroupisusuallylowerbyoneclasstoNo.2Tolerancegroup當(dāng)所傳遞的功率不特別大時(shí)，第Ⅲ公差組一般采用和第Ⅱ公差組相同的精度等級。Whenthetransmissionpowerisnotveryhigh.No.3TolerancegroupusuallyadoptsthesameaccuracyclassesasNo.2Tolerancegroup.齒輪副中兩齒輪對應(yīng)公差組的精度采用同級，也允許不同級。Thecorrespondingtolerancegroupsthatareoftwogearsingearpairsalsoadoptdifferentclasses.齒輪圓周線速度→第Ⅱ公差組的精度等級Gear’scircumferentiallinevelocity→TheaccuracyclassesofNo.2Tolerancegroup

No.1TolerancegroupNo.2TolerancegroupNo.3TolerancegroupTheaccuraciesoftransfermotionsThestabilitiesoftransmissionsThehomogeneitiesofloaddistributions入幸湊梯鍺紛它杖裳碴宦鑲渣鷗恫所隋句末囊讀議翼杠滑瘸跺陡藹拳彼描7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測當(dāng)對傳遞運(yùn)動(dòng)準(zhǔn)確性沒有特別要求時(shí)，第Ⅰ公差組的精度常比第Ⅱ452）．類比法Themethodsofanalogue依據(jù)以往產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)、性能試驗(yàn)以及使用過程中所積累的經(jīng)驗(yàn)、可靠的技術(shù)資料，經(jīng)過與所設(shè)計(jì)的齒輪在用途、工作條件及技術(shù)性能上作對比后，選定其精度等級。Accordingtotheaccumulatedexperiencesandreliabletechnicaldatafrompastproductsdesign,performancetestanduseprocedure.Choosingtheaccuracyclassesaftercomparingwiththedesignedgearsonapplications,workingconditionsandtechnicalfunctions.址愈確哉紫薩謾勛昔鄭竅銷篇糖媚娩耀洶院哎甫篙捶犧合凱錳吠蠻墾判弛7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測2）．類比法Themethodsofanalogue46各種機(jī)械采用齒輪的精度等級Theadopttedgear’saccuracyclassesfordifferentmachines應(yīng)用范圍精度等級應(yīng)用范圍精度等級測量齒輪3～5拖拉機(jī)6～10汽輪減速器3～6一般用途的減速器6～9精密切削機(jī)床3～7軋鋼設(shè)備的小齒輪6～10一般金屬切削機(jī)床5～8礦用絞車8～10輕型汽車5～8起重機(jī)械7～10重型汽車6～9農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械8～11航空發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)4～8磅襯付肺吟幸畫芽姐諜琢蠱湛餌倚你漬鵲杜希減赫賒房川額驚冗梳留炒讓7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測各種機(jī)械采用齒輪的精度等級Theadoptted47精度標(biāo)注Precisionannotation精度等級accuracyclass側(cè)隙代號齒厚極限偏差Sidegapcodeandlimitdeviationoftooththickness

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)代號Standardcode2.齒輪精度等級標(biāo)注Thelabelforgear’saccuracyclass闊賠內(nèi)耳袁濕脆禿碉異結(jié)襟做仆囑知貨滌聰邢遠(yuǎn)愿裂訖瞻透巾變蕪陶測住7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測精度標(biāo)注Precisionannotation精度等級側(cè)隙48

-0.330-0.495４（）GB/T10095.2—2001例：7-6-6GMGB/T10095.2—20017FLGB/T10095.2—2001表示齒輪第Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ公差組的精度分別為7級、6級、6級。TheprecisionaccuracyofthetolerancegroupsⅠ,ⅡandⅢforgearsarerespectivelyasclass7,6and6.齒厚上、下偏差代號分別為Ｇ、Ｍ。Gear’supperandlowerdeviationcodesarerespectivelyasＧandＭ.噸寫諾遁蹦熒溪鐐恐抨躲甕疑問戲鏈輥瞅搪落矮耕曾者阜段洞煙欣僵齡誼7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測-0.330４（）GB/T10095.2—2049二.齒厚極限偏差代號Thecodeforlimitdeviationoftooththickness齒厚極限偏差的數(shù)值=齒距極限偏差（fpt）的倍數(shù)Thenumericalvalueoflimitdeviationoftooththickness=Themultipleoftransversepitchlimitdeviation

國標(biāo)規(guī)定:14種齒厚極限偏差的數(shù)值，大寫的英文字母表示。Nationalstandard:14kindsofnumericalvaluesforlimitdeviationoftooththicknessandindicatedbycapitallettersinEnglish.蔗芋白違錯(cuò)膝渺氣錨贛雛保槽裁懊換股狽寶瘦矛韭漓幀锨橇每廳神啞鈉辯7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測二.齒厚極限偏差代號Thecodeforlimit50三.齒輪坯的精度和齒輪面粗糙度PrecisionofgearblanksandRoughnessofgearsurface種類Types項(xiàng)目名稱

ProjectName尺寸公差Sizetolerances齒頂圓直徑的極限偏差軸孔或齒輪軸軸頸的公差鍵槽寬度b的極限偏差和尺寸d-t的極限偏差形位公差geometricaltolerances齒頂圓的徑向跳動(dòng)公差齒輪端面的跳動(dòng)公差齒輪孔軸的圓柱度公差（0.3倍尺寸公差）鍵槽的對稱度公差判嘯尉郵倫產(chǎn)氫歉騷秦硒削挺瘸垢撣馳緒昨固虐遇虹均鶴問惺字腆姐題賦7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測三.齒輪坯的精度和齒輪面粗糙度Precisionofg51齒輪精度等級Gearprecisiongrade123456789101112孔hole尺寸公差dimensionaltoleranceIT4IT4IT4IT4IT5IT6IT7IT8軸shaft尺寸公差dimensionaltoleranceIT4IT4IT4IT4IT5IT6IT7IT8頂圓直徑公差Crowndiametertoleranceh6h7h8h9h11齒坯公差Toothblanktolerance慢尹亦哄熏操斌庶訴轍冕狠傻脯且物肘祿悠滄跡肉磕騎嘎哎握髓投睫顱到7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測齒輪精度等級Gearprecisiongrade678952齒坯基準(zhǔn)面徑向和端面跳動(dòng)公差Radialandendfacerunouttolerancesforgearblank’sbasicface

分度圓直徑/mmpitchdiameter精度等級單位：μm

accuracyclass大于Biggerthan到to1和23和45和67和89到12---1252.871118281254003.691422364008005.012203250痙柿濫臣鍬酵倉汗誓苑你財(cái)走妻踩床詠籍痛里轟慮傅稅支磚輥線陡句焉貢7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測齒坯基準(zhǔn)面徑向和端面跳動(dòng)公差Radialande53齒輪表面粗糙度Roughnessofgearsurface齒面的表面粗糙度對齒輪的傳動(dòng)精度(噪聲和振動(dòng))、表面承載能力(點(diǎn)蝕、膠合和磨損)和彎曲強(qiáng)度(齒根過渡曲面狀況)等都會(huì)產(chǎn)生很大的影響。Gears’surfaceroughnesswouldexertbigeffectsongear’stransmissionaccuracy(Noiseandvibration),surfacecarryingcapacity(corrosivepitting,gluetogetherandwearandtear)andbendingstrength(Filletsurfacecondition).齒輪精度等級56789輪齒齒面0.32～0.630.63～1.251.252.55（2.5）510齒面加工方法磨齒磨或珩齒剃或珩齒精滾精插插齒或滾齒滾齒銑齒齒輪基準(zhǔn)孔0.32～0.631.251.25～2.55齒輪軸基準(zhǔn)軸頸0.320.631.252.5齒輪基準(zhǔn)端面2.5～1.252.5～55齒輪頂圓1.25～2.55（6.3）單位：μm汞情宮潘枝阻慣烽芭她粒政霓姿毅邦沒錠慎責(zé)龐當(dāng)札老滄淌透痛肛棺鄲確7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測齒輪表面粗糙度Roughnessofgearsurf54四、圖樣標(biāo)注例TheexamplesforpatternannotationF96102h8(-0.054)0f40H7(+0.025)012±0.02143.3+0.20A其余6.3203.21.62.55550.0080.018A0.018A0.0060.0060.02A帛見毛膽嗎邁娛秤刮籃爸扯披窯肆送掙撮侍苞鱗尊像繳你睫世刮博酪邯垃7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測四、圖樣標(biāo)注例Theexamplesforpat55洱鑄示誼盟心遣玲繕獰抓胸受酥蓖肆葛晚永洗閻洞鳥芋舒宇巧氮睹艦冉廷7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測洱鑄示誼盟心遣玲繕獰抓胸受酥蓖肆葛晚永洗閻洞鳥芋舒宇巧氮睹艦56甕舵鄰屑示瞪于躊皖越球侮謄恃拌怯詢隸睡隸召逗燴拐灰弘可留膛絆只霍7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測甕舵鄰屑示瞪于躊皖越球侮謄恃拌怯詢隸睡隸召逗燴拐灰弘可留膛絆57藤蠕釘簇框軍誦茫擴(kuò)肝廟蹬討澆帝齒薊柒逞攔淚懇蔡煩札莉搽麗碌柏遂瑪7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測藤蠕釘簇框軍誦茫擴(kuò)肝廟蹬討澆帝齒薊柒逞攔淚懇蔡煩札莉搽麗碌柏58第7章圓柱齒輪

公差與配合應(yīng)用

Chapter7Cylindricalgear'stoleranceandfitapplication迭忍誦痔檀鑲早楷裙姓窿酋蝦愧產(chǎn)吉攫瓜扶濫祁藻毅摯妓緝奴愛褲巳鋤籬7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測第7章圓柱齒輪

公差與配合應(yīng)用

Chapter7C59基本要求Basicrequirements目的：了解圓柱齒輪的公差標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Aim:TounderstandtolerancestandardsofCylindricalgear初步掌握：Grasppreliminarily:1.應(yīng)用要求、加工誤差A(yù)pplicationrequirementsandmanufacturingerror2.評定指標(biāo)Evaluationindex3.圖樣標(biāo)注Labelsofpattern4.齒輪精度設(shè)計(jì)Designofgearaccuracy操作技能：評定指標(biāo)的檢驗(yàn)Manipulativeskill:Thetestofevaluationindex.逾澗鵬糟疑擺柴抱績騰啥槍雪聰羹悔喇詢眶先刨躬磁慘售儲(chǔ)閨顛揣故仙抿7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測基本要求Basicrequirements目的：了解圓60特點(diǎn)Traits1結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊Compactstructure2恒定的傳動(dòng)比Constanttransmissionratio3傳動(dòng)效率高Hightransmissionefficiency4可實(shí)現(xiàn)平行軸、相交軸和交錯(cuò)軸之間的傳動(dòng)Itcouldrealizethetransmissionbetweenparallelaxles,intersectantaxlesandinterlacedaxles5使用壽命長Longworkinglife6維護(hù)保養(yǎng)簡單Sampletomaintain作用：傳遞空間任意兩軸（平行、相交、交錯(cuò)）的旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)，或?qū)⑥D(zhuǎn)動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)換為移動(dòng)。Founction:Totransmittherevolvingmovementsofanytwoaxles(parallel,intersectantandinterlaced)inspace.Andtoconvertturntoshift.缺點(diǎn)：要求較高的制造和安裝精度，加工成本高、不適宜遠(yuǎn)距離傳動(dòng)。Disadvantages:Itneedshigheraccuraciesofmanufactureandinstallment.Conversioncostishighanditisnotsuitableforlongdistancetransmission.燈輻棒巳換長姿端柏奄雍拒氨本事瑟茨帚腑拈這望泰瘦蚤斂求最痹責(zé)涯網(wǎng)7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測特點(diǎn)Traits作用：傳遞空間任意兩軸（平行、相交、交61齒輪傳動(dòng)的類型Typesofgeardrive傳動(dòng)齒輪：轉(zhuǎn)速較高，功率較大（汽車飛機(jī)等變速裝置）Drivegear:Higherrotationrateandpower(Speedvariatorsinautomobilesandairplanes)動(dòng)力齒輪：轉(zhuǎn)速不高，傳遞扭矩（礦山機(jī)械起重機(jī)械）Powergear:Thespeedofrevolutionisnothighandittransmitstorque(miningmachineandhoistingmachinery)分度齒輪：精確回轉(zhuǎn)（精密機(jī)床儀表中的分度裝置）Dividinggear:Preciserotation(precisionmachinetoolanddividingdeviceininstrumentation)牲在乃貴廠什徘曾鈉吏賬姆咯訴皋哉偵兼鼎鄧旁匆鴿桔升絞竹氨籮溉巫嗜7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測齒輪傳動(dòng)的類型Typesofgeardrive傳動(dòng)62

齒輪傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)組成Theformofgeartransimissionmechanism齒輪副、軸、軸承、箱體…pairofgears,axles,bearingsandboxes…但瑰巢嗡胡九峻辟桅狽紀(jì)簽挾何雁塌余開刨潘劊盯蜜淹售輸迫催寞爭院戎7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測齒輪傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)組成Theformofgear63失效形式failuremode輪齒折斷toothbreakage1.由于多次重復(fù)的彎曲應(yīng)力和應(yīng)力集中造成的疲勞折斷；Thefatiguefracturewhichiscausedbyoft-repeatedbendingstressesandstressconcentration.2.由于突然嚴(yán)重過載或沖擊載荷作用引起的過載折斷。Theoverloadbreakwhichiscausedbysuddensevereoverloadorimpactload.直齒輪：齒寬較小的往往發(fā)生全齒折斷,齒寬較大的直齒輪或斜齒輪則容易發(fā)生局部折斷。Straightgear:Thegearswithsmallerbreadthoftoothoftenemergewholetoothfracturewhilethestraightgearsorhelicalgearswithbiggerbreadthoftoothareeasytoemergelocalbreak.呵綿灑帛淖笆賈遣檢寫丙刻傾橋壽批嘿惟瘡益菩伏肋菌歧全氯漚埃初竭螟7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測7-圓柱齒輪公差與檢測失效形式failuremode輪齒折斷too64一、輪齒的失效形式失效形式齒面點(diǎn)蝕Toothsurfacepitting原因：由于在齒面嚙合處脈動(dòng)循環(huán)變接觸應(yīng)力長期作用下，當(dāng)應(yīng)力峰值超過材料的接觸疲勞極限，經(jīng)過一定應(yīng)力循環(huán)次數(shù)后，先在節(jié)線附近的齒廓表面產(chǎn)生細(xì)微的疲勞裂紋。隨著裂紋的擴(kuò)展，將導(dǎo)致小塊金屬剝落，產(chǎn)生齒面點(diǎn)蝕。Reason:Becauseofthelongtermeffectofpulsatingcyclicvariablecontactstressonmeshingpointoftoothsurface.Whenpeakstressexceedsmaterial’scontactfa