計算機組織與結構：Chapter 1 Introduction

WilliamStallings

ComputerOrganization

andArchitecture

7thEditionChapter1IntroductionOrganizationn.組織，機構Architecturen.（計算機）體系結構，架構，建筑風格Architecture&Organization1ArchitectureisthoseattributesvisibletotheprogrammerInstructionset,numberofbitsusedfordatarepresentation,I/Omechanisms,addressingtechniques.e.g.Isthereamultiplyinstruction?OrganizationishowfeaturesareimplementedControlsignals,interfaces,memorytechnology.e.g.Isthereahardwaremultiplyunitorisitdonebyrepeatedaddition?Attributen.特性，特質，屬性Featuren.(電腦)功能部件Architecture&Organization2AllIntelx86familysharethesamebasicarchitectureTheIBMSystem/370familysharethesamebasicarchitectureThisgivescodecompatibilityAtleastbackwardsOrganizationdiffersbetweendifferentversionsStructure&FunctionStructureisthewayinwhichcomponentsrelatetoeachotherFunctionistheoperationofindividualcomponentsaspartofthestructureStructuren.結構，構造組織e.g.J5-教務處各個功能辦公室Functionn.機能，功能，（數(shù)學）函數(shù)，（電腦）操作，子例行程序e.g.J5-教務處各個功能辦公室為教學服務完成各種工作

FunctionAllcomputerfunctionsare:DataprocessingDatastorageDatamovementControlFunctionalviewOperations(1)DatamovementOperations(2)StorageOperation(3)Processingfrom/tostorageOperation(4)

ProcessingfromstoragetoI/OStructure-TopLevelComputerMainMemoryInputOutputSystemsInterconnectionPeripheralsCommunicationlinesCentralProcessingUnitComputerStructure-TheCPUComputerArithmeticandLoginUnitControlUnitInternalCPUInterconnectionRegistersCPUI/OMemorySystemBusCPUStructure-TheControlUnitCPUControlMemoryControlUnitRegistersandDecodersSequencingLoginControlUnitALURegistersInternalBusControlUnitOutlineoftheBook(1)ComputerEvolutionandPerformanceComputerInterconnectionStructuresInternalMemoryExternalMemoryInput/OutputOperatingSystemsSupportComputerArithmeticInstructionSetsOutlinen.綱要，梗概，要點OutlineoftheBook(2)CPUStructureandFunctionReducedInstructionSetComputersSuperscalarProcessorsControlUnitOperationMicroprogrammedControlMultiprocessorsandVectorProcessingDigitalLogic(Appendix)Appendixn.（書末的）附錄InternetResources

-Websiteforbookhttp://WilliamS/linkstositesofinterestlinkstositesforcoursesthatusethebookerratalistforbookinformationonotherbooksbyW.Stallingshttp://WilliamS/StudentSupport.htmlMathHow-toResearchresourcesMiscInternetResources

-WebsitestolookforWWWComputerArchitectureHomePageCPUInfoCenterACMSpecialInterestGrouponComputerArchitectureIEEETechnicalCommitteeonComputerArchitectureIntelTechnologyJournalManufacturer’ssitesIntel,IBM,etc.InternetResources

-UsenetNewsGroupscomp.archcomp.arch.arithmeticcomp.arch.storagecomp.parallelComputerOrganizationandArchitecture,EighthEdition,Ninthedition,Four-timewinnerofthebestComputerScienceandEngineeringtextbookoftheyearawardfromtheTextbookandAc