考研考博-英語-南京醫(yī)科大學康達學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-南京醫(yī)科大學康達學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Canwereacha（

）onthisissue?Let’stakeavote.

問題1選項

A.conscience

B.consciousness

C.consequence

D.consensus

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。Reachaconsensus“達成共識”。句意：我們能在這個問題上達成共識嗎？我們來投票吧。選項D符合題意。

2.單選題

Aweathermapisanimportanttoolforgeographers.Asuccessionofthreeorfourmapspresentsacontinuouspictureofweatherchanges.Weatherforecastersareabletodeterminethespeedofairmassesandfronts;todeterminewhetheranindividualpressureareaisdeepeningorbecomingshallowandwhetherafrontisincreasingordecreasinginintensity.Theyarealsoabletodeterminewhetheranairmassisretainingitsoriginalcharacteristicsortakingonthoseofthesurfaceoverwhichitismoving.Thus,amostsignificantfunctionofthemapistorevealasynopticpictureofconditionsintheatmosphereatagiventime.

Allstudentsofgeographyshouldbeabletointerpretaweathermapaccurately.Weathermapscontainanenormousamountofinformationaboutweatherconditionsexistingatthetimeofobservationoveralargegeographicalarea.Theyrevealinafewminuteswhatotherwisewouldtakehourstodescribe.TheUnitedStatesWeatherBureauissuesinformationaboutapproachingstorms,floods,frosts,droughts,andallclimaticconditionsingeneral.Twiceamonthitissuesa30-day“outlook”whichisaroughguidetoweatherconditionslikelytooccuroverbroadareasoftheUnitedStates.These30-dayoutlooksarebaseduponananalysisoftheupperairlevelwhichoftensetthestageforthedevelopmentofairmasses,frontsandstorms.

Considerableeffortisbeingexertedtodaytoachievemoreaccurateweatherpredictions.Withtheuseofelectronicinstrumentsandearthsatellites,enormousgainshavetakenplacerecentlyinidentifyingandtrackingstormsoverregionswhichhavebutfewmeteorologicalstations.Extensiveexperimentsarealsoinprogressforweathermodificationstudies.

1.OnecharacteristicofweathermapsNOTmentionedbytheauthorinthispassageis（

）.

2.The30-dayforecastisdeterminedbyexamining

（

）.

3.Theobservationofweatherconditionsbysatellitesisadvantageousbecauseit

（

）.

4.Atthepresenttime,experimentsarebeingconductedin（

）.

5.Aweathermapissynopticbecauseit（

）.

問題1選項

A.fronts

B.changesintemperature

C.frost

D.windspeed

問題2選項

A.dailyweathermaps

B.upperairlevels

C.satellitereports

D.changingfronts

問題3選項

A.ismodernandprofitableforthecompaniesinvolved

B.useselectronicinstrumentstomeasuretheweatheronadailybasis

C.enablesmantoeasilyaltertheweathertohisadvantageandprofit

D.givesthescientistsinformationnotobtainedreadilyotherwise

問題4選項

A.manipulatingweather

B.determiningdensityofpressuregroups

C.satellites

D.controllingstorms

問題5選項

A.summarizesagreatdealofinformation

B.appearsdaily

C.showschangingfronts

D.canbeinterpretedaccurately

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“以下選項中哪個沒在文章中被提到？”文章第一段提到“天氣預報員可以確定氣團和氣鋒……”（Weatherforecastersareabletodeterminethespeedofairmassesandfronts...）；文章第二段提到“美國國家氣象局通常發(fā)布有關即將到來的暴風雨、洪水、霜凍、干旱和所有氣候情況的信息”（heUnitedStatesWeatherBureauissuesinformationaboutapproachingstorms,floods,frosts,droughts,andallclimaticconditionsingeneral），由此可知，只有選項B沒有被提及，符合題意。

第2題:細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“30天的預報是由什么決定的？”文章第二段最后一句話提到“這三十天的天氣預報建立在對上層空氣分析的基礎上，而上層空氣經常為氣團、氣鋒和暴風雨的發(fā)展創(chuàng)造條件”（These30-dayoutlooksarebaseduponananalysisoftheupperairlevelwhichoftensetthestageforthedevelopmentofairmasses,frontsandstorms），由此可知選項B“上層空氣”符合題意。

第3題:推理判斷題。題目問的是“衛(wèi)星來觀測天氣的優(yōu)勢是什么？”文章最后一段提到“通過電子儀器和地球衛(wèi)星，人們近年來在識別和跟蹤僅有少量氣象站的地區(qū)的暴風雨方面取得了很大的收獲”（Withtheuseofelectronicinstrumentsandearthsatellites,enormousgainshavetakenplacerecentlyinidentifyingandtrackingstormsoverregionswhichhavebutfewmeteorologicalstations），選項D“提供給科學家們在其他方面不容易獲得的信息”符合題意。

第4題:細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“實驗正在哪些方面操作？”文章最后一段最后一句話提到“大量實驗正在為了氣象改造而被進行著”（Extensiveexperimentsarealsoinprogressforweathermodificationstudies），因此選項A“操縱天氣”符合題意。

第5題:細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“為什么說氣象圖是氣象學？”文章第二段提到“氣象圖包含著大量關于天氣情況的信息，這些天氣情況在觀察時間存在于一個大的地理區(qū)域上”（Weathermapscontainanenormousamountofinformationaboutweatherconditionsexistingatthetimeofobservationoveralargegeographicalarea），選項A“包含很多信息”符合題意。

3.單選題

Theuniversityrefusedtoaccepthimbecausehewasnot（

）foradmission.

問題1選項

A.admissible

B.permissible

C.eligible

D.suitable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。admissible意為“(尤指法庭)可接受的，受理的”；permissible意為“容許的，許可的”；eligible意為“有資格的，合格的，具備條件的”；suitable意為“合適的，適當?shù)摹薄?/p>

句意：這所大學拒絕接收他，因為他不合入學資格。

4.單選題

Thecriticsconsideredonlytheundesirablequalitiesintheartist’swork,whileignoringor______themoredesirableones.

問題1選項

A.criticizing

B.overlooking

C.deserting

D.flattering

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.criticizing批評B.overlooking忽略

C.deserting拋棄，遺棄D.flattering奉承，諂媚

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】空格處與ignoring為并列成分，所以空格處的意思與ignoring（忽視）的意思相近，故B項符合。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D選項不符合句子意思。

【句意】批評家們只考慮了藝術家作品中的不良品質，而忽略了更可取的品質。

5.單選題

Peoplewillbelookingintoseehowgoodwearenowandwhetheroursuccesshasjustbeena（）inthepan.

問題1選項

A.flare

B.glitter

C.spark

D.flash

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項flare“閃耀”；B選項glitter“燦爛”；C選項spark“火花”；D選項flash“閃光”。句意：人們會來看看我們現(xiàn)在有多好，我們的成功是否只是曇花一現(xiàn)。flashinthepan，固定搭配，“曇花一現(xiàn)”。因此D選項正確。

6.單選題

Thefactthattheearth’ssurfaceheats_______providesaconvenientwaytodivideitintotemperatureregion.

問題1選項

A.infrequently

B.irregularly

C.unsteadily

D.unevenly

【答案】D

【解析】副詞詞義解析。infrequently“很少發(fā)生地”；irregularly“不規(guī)則地”；unsteadily“不穩(wěn)定地”；unevenly“不均衡地”。句意：事實就是地球表面加熱不均衡提供了一種將其劃分成多個溫度區(qū)域的簡便方法。選項D符合題意。

7.單選題

Wehaven’tseenourneighborforoveraweek.They______onatripabroad.

問題1選項

A.couldgo

B.mustgo

C.mayhavegone

D.shouldhavegone

【答案】C

【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞的使用。A選項could表示過去的時間會做某事；B選項must表示必須做某事，C選項mayhavedone表示對過去所發(fā)生動作的猜測，D選項shouldhavedone表示本應該做某事而沒做。句意：我們已經一個多星期沒見到鄰居了。他們可能去國外旅行了。本句表示對過去動作的猜測。因此C選項正確。

8.單選題

Evidence,reference,andfootnotesbythethousandtestifytoascrupulousresearcherwhodoesconsiderablejusticetoafullrangeofdifferenttheoreticalandpoliticalpositions.

問題1選項

A.trustworthy

B.intelligent

C.diligent

D.meticulous

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項“可靠的，信賴的”；B選項“智慧的，聰明的”；C選項“勤勉的，用功的”；D選項“一絲不茍的，小心翼翼的”；題干中scrupulous“小心的，一絲不茍的”，句意：數(shù)以千計的證據、參考文獻和腳注證明了一位一絲不茍的研究人員，他對各種不同的理論和政治立場都做出了相當公正的評價。因此D選項最符合題意。

9.單選題

（）2.6millionpeoplestartingdietsonNewYear’sDay,researchsuggeststhatbytheendoftheweek92percentofdietersgaveup，shunningexerciseandgorgingoncomfortfood.

問題1選項

A.Inspite

B.Although

C.While

D.Despite

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞語辨析。inspite應與of搭配；although“盡管”，連詞；while“然而，連詞；當……的時候”；despite“盡管”，介詞。空格后是名詞短語，因此前面只能是介詞。句意：年底前的研究表明，盡管2.600萬人元旦開始節(jié)食，92%的節(jié)食者在一周后就放棄了,然后回避運動并大吃安慰食品。因此選項D符合題意。

10.單選題

Thefarmisamajormarketplaceformillionsoftonsofsyntheticfertilizersandpesticides,andforadvancedmachineryandthefuelrequiredtorunit.Themodemsuper-farm,largeandhighlycapitalized,isresourcedependentcomparedwiththediversifiedsmallfarmsthatwereoncedominant.Ondiversifiedfarms,majorenergyneedsmaybesuppliedbyresidenthumansandanimals.Soilfertilitymaybemaintainedbyalternatingcashcropsandrestorativecrops,andalsobyreturninganimalmanuretothesoil.Thisfarmingmodelofrelativelyself-sufficientagriculture,andthewayoflifeassociatedwithit,arestilleconomicallyviable，asdemonstratedbyprosperousAmishfarmersandotherpractitionersof“alternative”agriculture.Particularlyrelevanttotoday’smainstreamagriculturearetheenergy-savingpracticesonlarge“organic”farms,whicharethoroughlymechanizedbutwhichminimizetheuseofpesticidesandsyntheticfertilizers.

Bycomparison,mainstreamAmericanagriculturehasuntillatelybeencarelessinitsuseofenergy,water,andland.Whenfossilenergywascheap,applicationsoffertilizersandpesticidespaidlargedividends,sofarmerswereencouragedtousetheseproducts.Soonmostfarmersusedtoomuchfertilizerandpesticide.Farmersindryregionsenjoyedaneraofcheapwater，obtainedfrompubliclysubsidizedirrigationsystemsorfrompumpinggroundwaterusinginexpensiveenergy.ThesoiltoowasexpendableasdemandgrewforU.S.agriculturalproducts.

Theperiodofextraordinaryprofligacyintheuseofsoil,water,andfossilfuelsmaywellbeatanend.Thenewstructureoflargefarmsisquitesensitivetocostfactors.Theseadaptivefarms,whosedevelopmentwasassistedbypublictax,subsidy,andresearchpolicies,haveaccesstocapital,technologies,andmanagementskills,enablingthemtoswitchrelativelyquicklytoresource-conservingpractices—forexample,toalow-tillagesystemthatrequireslessfuel,thatshepherdssoilmoisture,andthatmayreducesoilerosion.Itseemslikelythatfederalprogramsthathaveenlargedourfarms,therefore,havehadafurtherresultofcreatingthepotentialforamoreconservingagriculture.Withrespecttoenergyuse,forexample,energycostsperunitofoutputarelowerforlargefarms,mainlybecausethesefarmsquicklyeconomizedonenergyascostsrose.Inthefuture,accordingtooneauthoritativeassessment,“agriculturalproductionislikelytousecapitalandlandmoreintensivelybutenergy,fertilizerandlaborlessintensively”.

1.Themaindifferencebetweenthemodemsuper-farmanddiversifiedfarmsliesin（）

2.Thesecondparagraphfocusesonthefactthat（）

3.Theword‘profligacy’inParagraphThreemostprobablymeans（）

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

5.Itcanbeseenfromthepassagethattheproblemofresourceconservationinagriculture（）

問題1選項

A.theirsizes

B.themachineryemployed

C.thedegreeofdependenceonresources

D.thekindsofcropscultivatedandanimalsraised

問題2選項

A.fossilenergywasonceverycheap

B.farmsindryareascouldgetcheapwater

C.mostAmericanfarmersusedtoomuchfertilizerandpesticide

D.mainstreamAmericanagricultureusedtobewastefulofenergy,waterandland

問題3選項

A.wastefulness

B.carefulness

C.profitability

D.economy

問題4選項

A.Thefarmingmodelandthewayoflifeondiversifiedfarmsareworkable.

B.Large‘organic’farmsuselargeamountsofpesticidesandsyntheticfertilizers.

C.Thenewadaptivefarmsarecapableofresource-conservingpractices.

D.Toreducesoilerosionisaresource-conservingpractice.

問題5選項

A.hasbeensolvedintheU.S.

B.hasnotyetbeenpaidanyattention

C.isbeingseriouslyandeffectivelydealtwith

D.willsoonbesolvedbyusingmorecapitalandland

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據第一段的第二句“Themodemsuperfarm,largeandhighlycapitalized,isresourcedependentcomparedwiththediversifiedsmallfarmsthatwereoncedominant.”現(xiàn)代超級農場規(guī)模大、高度資本化，與曾經占主導地位的多樣化的小型農場相比，資源依賴性強。因此，兩者的不同主要在于資源依賴的程度不同。選項C正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據第二段的第一句“Bycomparison,mainstreamAmericanagriculturehasuntillatelybeencarelessinitsuseofenergy,water,andland.”相比之下，直到最近，美國主流農業(yè)在能源、水和土地的使用上還很粗心。接下來，作者分別從能源、水和土壤三方面描述了浪費的現(xiàn)象，所以選項D正確。

3.詞義題。第三段的首句是承接上一段的內容，第二段主要是講美國農業(yè)對土壤、水和化石燃料的浪費。所以profligacy指wastefulness，選項A正確。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據第一段最后一句“Particularlyrelevanttotoday’smainstreamagricultureare...syntheticfertilizers.”與今天的主流農業(yè)特別相關的是大型“有機”農場的節(jié)能做法，這些農場完全機械化，能夠最大限度地減少農藥和合成肥料的使用。所以選項B表述錯誤。

5.判斷推理題。根據最后一段的內容可知農業(yè)資源保護問題正在得到認真有效的解決。選項C正確。

11.單選題

Ihearmanyparentscomplainingthattheirteenagechildrenarerebelling.Iwishitwereso.Atyourageyououghttobegrowingawayfromyourparents.Youshouldbelearningtostandonyourowntwofeet.Buttakeagoodlookatthepresentrebellion.Itseemsthatteenagersarealltakingthesamewayofshowingthattheydisagreewiththeirparents.Insteadofstrikingoutboldlyontheirown,mostofthemareclutchingatoneanother’shandsforcourage.

Theyclaimtheywanttodressastheyplease.Buttheyallwearthesameclothes.Theysetoffinnewdirectionsinmusic.Butsomehowtheyallendupjustbylisteningtothesamerecord.Theirreasonforthinkingoractinginthiswayisthatthecrowdisdoingit.

Ithasbecomeharderandharderforateenagertostandupagainstthepopularitywaveandtogohisorherownway.Industryhasfirmlycarvedoutateenagemarket.Thesedayseveryteenagercanlearnfromtheadvertisementwhatateenagershouldhaveandbe.Andmanyoftoday’sparentshavecometoawardhighmarksforthepopularityoftheirchildren.Allthisaddsuptoagreaterbarrierforthe

teenagerwhowantstofindhisorherownpath.

Butthebarrierisworthclimbingover.Thepathisworthfollowing.Youmaywanttolistentoclassicalmusicinsteadofgoingtoaparty.Youmaywanttocollectrockswheneveryoneelseiscollectingrecords.Youmayhavesomethoughtsthatyoudon’tcaretoshareatoncewithyourclassmates.Well,gotoit.Findyourself.Beyourself.Popularitywillcome—withthepeoplewhorespectyouforwhomyouare.That’stheonlykindofpopularitythatreallycounts.

1.Themainpurposeofthispassageistotell（）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,manyteenagersthinktheyarebraveenoughtobethemselves,but,infact,mostofthem（）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

4.Theauthorthinksofadvertisementsas（）.

5.Duringtheteenageyears,oneshouldlearnto（）.

問題1選項

A.readershowtobepopularwithpeoplearound

B.teenagershowtolearntodecidethingsforthemselves

C.parentshowtocontrolandguidetheirchildren

D.peoplehowtounderstandandrespecteachother

問題2選項

A.havemuchdifficultyunderstandingeachother

B.lackconfidence

C.darenotcopewithproblemssingle-handed

D.areverymuchafraidofgettinglost

問題3選項

A.Thereisnopopularitythatreallycounts.

B.Whatmanyparentsaredoingisinfacthinderingtheirchildrenfromfindingtheirownpaths.

C.Itisnotnecessarilybadforateenagertodisagreewithhisorherclassmates.

D.Mostteenagersarenotactuallyrebelling.

問題4選項

A.original

B.influential

C.detrimental

D.authoritative

問題5選項

A.differfromothersinasmanywaysaspossible

B.getintotherightseasonandbecomepopular

C.findone’srealself

D.rebelagainstparentsandthepopularitywave

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨歸納題。結合全文內容可知，本文主要是鼓勵青少年獨立自主，選項B最能概括全文。

2.細節(jié)推理題。根據第一段最后一句“Insteadofstrikingoutboldlyontheirown,mostofthemareclutchingatoneanother’shandsforcourage.”他們中的大多數(shù)人并沒有勇氣自己走出去，而是緊緊抓住彼此的手尋求勇氣。選項C符合原文。

3.細節(jié)判斷題。根據本文的最后兩句“Popularitywillcome—withthepeoplewhorespectyouforwhomyouare.That’stheonlykindofpopularitythatreallycounts.”可知選項A錯誤。

4.細節(jié)推理題。根據關鍵詞“advertisements”定位到第三段第三句“Thesedayseveryteenagercanlearnfromtheadvertisementwhatateenagershouldhaveandbe.”現(xiàn)在每個青少年都可以從廣告中學到一個青少年應該擁有什么和成為什么。所以作者認為廣告對青少年的影響是相當大的。選項B正確。detrimental不利的，有害的。

5.細節(jié)推斷題。根據最后一段“Well,gotoit.Findyourself.Beyourself.”可知作者是鼓勵青少年找尋真正的自己。選項C符合原文。

12.單選題

Eyecontactisanonverbaltechniquethathelpsthespeaker“sell”hisorherideastoanaudience.Besidesitspersuasivepowers,eyecontacthelpsholdlistenerinterest.

Asuccessfulspeakermustmaintaineyecontactwithanaudience.Tohavegoodrapport(關系)withlisteners,aspeakershouldmaintaindirecteyecontactforatleast75percentofthetime.Somespeakersfocusexclusivelyontheirnotes.Othersgazeovertheheadsoftheirlisteners.Botharelikelytoloseaudienceinterestandesteem.Peoplewhomaintaineyecontactwhilespeaking,whetherfromapodium(演講臺)orfromacrossthetable,are“regardednotonlyasexceptionallywell-disposedbytheirtargetbutalsoasmorebelievableandearnest.”

Toshowthepotencyofeyecontactindailylife,wehaveonlytoconsiderhowpassers-bybehavewhentheirglanceshappentomeetonthestreet.Atoneextremearethosepeoplewhofeelobligedtosmilewhentheymakeeyecontact.Attheotherextremearethosewhofeelawkwardandimmediatelylookaway.Tomakeeyecontact,itseems,istomakeacertainlinkwithsomeone.

Eyecontactwithanaudiencealsoletsaspeakerknowandmonitorthelisteners.Itis,infact,essentialforanalyzinganaudienceduringaspeech.Visualcues(暗示)fromaudiencememberscanindicatethataspeechisdragging,thatthespeakerisdwellingonaparticularpointfortoolong,orthataparticularpointrequiresfurtherexplanation.Aswehavepointedout,visualfeedbackfromlistenersshouldplayanimportantroleinshapingaspeechasitisdelivered.

1.Thispassageismainlyconcernedwith______.

2.Accordingtothepassage,agoodspeakermust______.

3.Theword“target”inthelastsentenceofthesecondparagraphcanbestbereplacedby______.

4.Indailylife,whentheglancesoftwopassers-byhappentomeet,thesetwopersonswillinevitably______.

5.Eyecontactwithanaudience,accordingtotheauthor,hasallthefollowingbenefitsforthespeakerEXCEPTthatitdoesn’t______.

問題1選項

A.theimportanceofeyecontact

B.thepotencyofnonverbaltechniques

C.successfulspeechdelivery

D.aneffectivewaytogainvisualfeedbacks

問題2選項

A.“sell”hisorherideastoanaudience

B.maintaindirecteyecontactwithlisteners

C.beverypersuasiveandbelievable

D.beexceptionallywell-disposed

問題3選項

A.“destination”

B.“goal”

C.“audience”

D.“followers”

問題4選項

A.smiletoeachother

B.feelawkwardandlookawayimmediately

C.trytomakeaconversationwitheachother

D.noneoftheabove

問題5選項

A.helpthespeakertocontroltheaudience

B.helpthespeakertogainaudienceinterestandesteem

C.helpthespeakertoknowwhetherheistalkingtoomuchaboutacertainpoint

D.helpthespeakertoanalyzehisaudiencewhenheisbeginninghisspeech

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。結合全文可知，文章首先提出了目光接觸這個技巧，接著介紹了具體的做法以及它發(fā)揮的重要作用。因此A選項“目光接觸的重要性”最符合文章主旨。B選項“非語言技巧的效力”，文章只介紹了目光接觸這一種非語言技巧，而不是對非語言技巧效力的概述，所以B錯誤。C選項“成功的演講”，良好的目光接觸只是成功演講的因素之一，C選項過于寬泛，所以C錯誤。D選項“獲得視覺反饋的一種有效方法”只是目光接觸的作用之一，不能全面地概括文章主旨，所以D錯誤。

2.客觀細節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段第一句Asuccessfulspeakermustmaintaineyecontactwithanaudience.（一個成功的演講者必須與聽眾保持目光接觸。），說明本文認為成功的演講者必須與聽眾保持目光接觸。因此B選項“與聽眾保持直接的目光接觸”正確。A選項“向聽眾‘推銷’他或她的想法”，C選項“具有很強的說服力和可信度”，D選項“非常友好”都是保持目光接觸起到的作用和結果，所以A,C,D錯誤。

3.語義推測題。由題干關鍵詞“target”可以定位到文章第二段最后一句Peoplewhomaintaineyecontactwhilespeaking,whetherfromapodiumorfromacrossthetable,are“regardednotonlyasexceptionallywell-disposedbytheirtargetbutalsoasmorebelievableandearnest.”（無論是在講臺上還是在桌子對面講話時，保持目光接觸的人“不僅會被他們的聽眾視為非常友好的人，而且會被視為更可信、更認真的人?！保f明“target”在文中是指“講話的聽眾”的意思。因此C選項“聽眾”正確。A選項“目的地”，B選項“目標”，D選項“追隨者”均不符合題意，所以A,B,D錯誤。

4.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段Toshowthepotencyofeyecontactindailylife,wehaveonlytoconsiderhowpassers-bybehavewhentheirglanceshappentomeetonthestreet.Atoneextremearethosepeoplewhofeelobligedtosmilewhentheymakeeyecontact.Attheotherextremearethosewhofeelawkwardandimmediatelylookaway.Tomakeeyecontact,itseems,istomakeacertainlinkwithsomeone.（為了顯示目光交流在日常生活中的作用，我們只需要考慮路人在街上偶然相遇時的目光是如何表現(xiàn)的。一個極端是那些在目光接觸時覺得必須微笑的人。另一種極端是那些感到尷尬，會立刻把目光移開的人。進行目光交流，似乎是為了與某人建立某種聯(lián)系。），說明在日常生活中在這種情況下，不同的人有不同的反應或表現(xiàn)，并不是非做出某種表現(xiàn)或反應不可。A選項“向對方微笑”，B選項“感到尷尬并立即移開目光”是兩種極端的情況，不代表一定會發(fā)生，所以A,B錯誤。C選項“試圖與對方進行交談”，建立聯(lián)系不一定意味著進行談話，所以C錯誤。因此D選項“以上都不是”正確。

5.客觀細節(jié)題。A選項“幫助演講者控制聽眾”，由原文Eyecontactisanonverbaltechniquethathelpsthespeaker“sell”hisorherideastoanaudience.（目光接觸是一種非語言技巧，有助于演講者向聽眾“推銷”他或她的想法。）可知，目光接觸有助于讓聽眾認同演講者的想法，是對聽眾的一種控制，A選項屬于目光接觸的好處，排除A。B選項“幫助演講者獲得聽眾的興趣和尊重”，由原文Somespeakersfocusexclusivelyontheirnotes.Othersgazeovertheheadsoftheirlisteners.Botharelikelytoloseaudienceinterestandesteem.（有些演講者只專注于他們的筆記。有些人的目光越過聽眾的頭頂。兩種做法都有可能失去觀眾的興趣和尊重。）可知，目光接觸有助于演講者獲得聽眾的興趣和尊重，B選項屬于目光接觸的好處，排除B。C選項“幫助演講者了解他是否在某一點上說得太多了”，由原文Visualcuesfromaudiencememberscanindicatethataspeechisdragging,thatthespeakerisdwellingonaparticularpointfortoolong（聽眾的視覺線索可以表明演講拖沓，演講者在某一點上停留的時間過長）可知，目光接觸有助于演講者了解自己的演講是否冗長，C選項屬于目光接觸的好處，排除C。D選項“幫助演講者在開始演講時分析他的聽眾”，由原文Eyecontactwithanaudiencealsoletsaspeakerknowandmonitorthelisteners.Itis,infact,essentialforanalyzinganaudienceduringaspeech.（與聽眾的目光接觸也能讓演講者了解并觀察聽眾。事實上，這對于在演講中分析聽眾是必不可少的。）可知，目光接觸有助于演講者在演講全程分析聽眾，而不只是演講開始時，D選項表述不符合原文，所以本題選D。

13.單選題

TheDepartmentofResourcesnotifiedthetowncouncilthatthewatersupplywas______.

問題1選項

A.contemplated

B.contaminated

C.contemned

D.consulted

【答案】B

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。A項contemplate“沉思，注視”，B項contaminate“污染”，C項contemn“蔑視，侮辱”，D項consult“請教，商議”。根據關鍵詞watersupply“水源”可知，最搭配的是B項。句意：資源部門告知市議會，水源受到污染。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

14.單選題

Whilecrossingthemountainareas,allthemenhadgunsforprotectionlest（）bythelocalbandits.

問題1選項

A.beattacked

B.wereattacked

C.aretobeattacked

D.wouldbeattacked

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。Lest是連詞，意為“唯恐，以免”。其后接的狀語從句常用should+動詞原形。should

可以省略。所以選項A正確。句意：在翻越山區(qū)時，所有人都帶著槍，以防遭到當?shù)赝练说囊u擊。

15.單選題

Thegovernment（）aheavytaxontobacco,whicharousedoppositionfromthetobaccoindustry.

問題1選項

A.pronounced

B.imposed

C.complied

D.prescribed

【答案】B

【解析】句意:政府征收煙草稅，這激起煙草行業(yè)的反對。

考查固定搭配pronounce宣告，斷言；impose征稅，強加，通常與on搭配使用;compile編譯，編制；prescribe指示，規(guī)定。因此，B項符合句意。

16.單選題

Ifgenderconflictscontinueattheircurrentrate,mypartnergloomilyobserved,menmayfadeintoextinctionandwomenwillmanagefinewithoutthem.Whatwithtest-tubebabies,cloning,afallingbirth-rate,have-it-allcareerwomenprevailinglikeneverbefore,itseemsasifold-fashioned,instinct-drivensexualselectionwastotallyoutoffashion.ButastudyfromfourBritishuniversitiessuggestsitisaliveandwell,andbusyshapingthenextgeneration.

Inspiteofemancipation,thefeministmovement,genderequality,consistenteffortstoavoidgender-stereotyping,menstillprefertomarrywomenwhoarenottoobrainy.InthestudyahighIQhamperedawoman’schanceofgettingmarried,witha40percentdropinmaritalprospectsforevery16-pointrise.Theoppositewastruefortheirmaleclassmates.Top-earningmenwere8percentmorelikelytobemarriedthantheirlow-earningpeers.

Howinterestingthatweautomaticallyassumethatmenareputoffbyclevernessinwomen.Perhapsthebrainywomendidnotwanttogetmarried.Possiblytheycouldnotfindmencleverenoughtosatisfythem.Buttheseinterpretationshardlymeritmorethanapassingthoughtbecausethisstudysimplyreinforceswhatweknowtobebroadlytrue:thatmostwomendowantacommittedpartnerandthatmoststablemarriagesoccurinapowerrelation,withthemanbeingthecenter.

Weusuallythinkofcompetitivenessasamaleactivity,andsoitismainly,whichisallthemorereasonforitcausingstressinamarriage.Ourancestrycertainlyincludedalongphasewhenthemalescompetedforthealpharole,inwhichthetopmaletookalltheadvantagesandmostofthegroupmatings.Mostmennursesecretdreamsofbeing“benign”dictators.Nomanlikeshiswifetoearnmorethanhedoes.Weseehowfragilearethemarriagesofthoseinwhichthefemalehasthewhiphandintheshapeoffame,success,andwealth.Incontrast,marriageswherethefemalestatusisobviouslyinferior,includingarrangedmarriages,thereisagreaterstability.

Womenhavetoacceptthatcomingintoourownandachievingthefullpotentialofour(seeminglysuperior)capacitytouseeducationwillundoubtedlymakeusmoreinaccessibleaspartners.Morechoosy,andthereforelesssuccessful.

1.The“test-tubebabies”andotherthingsarementionedinParagraph1toindicate（

）.

2.Conventionalsexualselection

（

）.

3.ThestatisticsinParagraph2illustratethat

（

）.

4.Whatmightbethemeaningof“whiphand”inParagraph4?

5.Howismarriagerelatedtopower,accordingtothestudy?

6.Whatmightbethetitleofthispassage?

問題1選項

A.thedevelopmentofmedicaltechnology

B.theradicalchangesofourlifestyle

C.thedecreasingbirthrateofhumansociety

D.theindependenceofthefemalegender

問題2選項

A.getsout-of-date

B.remainsactive

C.becomesextinct

D.seemsprevalent

問題3選項

A.women’sIQandtheirmaritalprobabilityareindirectproportion

B.men’sIQandtheirmaritalprobabilityareininverseproportion

C.womenprefertomarrymenwhoareveryintelligent

D.menprefertomarrywomenwhoarelessintelligent

問題4選項

A.Control.

B.Desire.

C.Intelligence.

D.Commitment.

問題5選項

A.Marriedmenandwomenallseekpowerovereachother.

B.Apowerfulhusbandisthekeytothesuccessfulmarriage.

C.Astablemarriagedependsonthepowerofthewife.

D.Richmentendtoholdabsolutepowerovertheirwives.

問題6選項

A.SingleWomen’sSelf-reliance.

B.RoadtoaSuccessfulMarriage

C.WhyBrainyWomenStaySingle.

D.StereotypesAboutMarriage.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

第6題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)推斷題。根據題干信息，可將信息點定位至原文第一段。根據“menmayfadeintoextinctionandwomenwillmanagefinewithoutthem.（男人可能會逐漸消失，而沒有他們，女人也會過得很好）”即可進行合理推斷，從而得出本題答案。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據題干信息，可將信息點定位至原文第一段最后一句。根據““ButastudyfromfourBritishuniversitiessuggestsitisaliveandwell，...”,其中“it”指代“old-fashioned,instinct-drivensexualselection”。從而得出本題答案。

3.細節(jié)推斷題。根據題干信息，可將信息點定位至原文第二段第一句。“Inspiteofemancipation,thefeministmovement,genderequality,consistenteffortstoavoidgender-stereotyping,menstillprefertomarrywomenwhoarenottoobrainy.(盡管有解放運動、女權運動、性別平等、不斷努力避免性別成見，但男性仍然更愿意娶不太聰明的女性。)”從而得出本題答案。

4.詞義理解題。根據題干信息，可將信息點定位至原文第四段最后兩句。“Weseehowfragilearethemarriagesofthoseinwhichthefemalehasthewhiphandintheshapeoffame,success,andwealth.Incontrast,marriageswherethefemalestatusisobviouslyinferior,includingarrangedmarriages,thereisagreaterstability.(我們看到，那些女性在名望、成功和財富方面擁有絕對優(yōu)勢的婚姻是多么脆弱。相比之下，女性地位明顯低下的婚姻，包括包辦婚姻，則有較大的穩(wěn)定性。)”由此可進行合理推斷，從而得出本題答案。

5.歸納推理題。通過對全文的理解，尤其是文章第四段的理解，“Incontrast,marriageswherethefemalestatusisobviouslyinferior,includingarrangedmarriages,thereisagreaterstability.(相比之下，女性地位明顯低下的婚姻，包括包辦婚姻，則有較大的穩(wěn)定性。)”即可得出本題答案。

6.主旨大意題。通過對全文的理解和歸納，“howfragilearethemarriagesofthoseinwhichthefemalehasthewhiphandintheshapeoffame,success,andwealth.”“Morechoosy,andthereforelesssuccessful.”“Perhapsthebrainywomendidnotwanttogetmarried.”從而得出本題答案。

17.單選題

Stanleywas（）bywhatIhadsaidandwhenIrealizedthis,Iapologizedtohimforbeingsotactless.

問題1選項

A.wounded

B.frustrated

C.resented

D.offended

【答案】D

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。Wound“傷害，使受傷”；frustrate“挫敗，阻撓”；resent“怨恨，憤恨”；offend“冒犯”。句意：斯坦利對我的話感到了被冒犯，當我意識到這一點，我為我的不得體向他道歉。

18.單選題

Nomodernindustrialenterprisescan（）foramomentwithoutrulesandsetprocedur