考研考博-英語(yǔ)-三亞航空旅游職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-三亞航空旅游職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Apieceofglasswasembedded（）herhand.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.with

B.within

C.in

D.inside

【答案】C

【解析】考查介詞辨析及搭配。A項(xiàng)with“和……”，B項(xiàng)within“在……之內(nèi)”，C項(xiàng)in“在……里”，D項(xiàng)inside“內(nèi)部、內(nèi)側(cè)”；句意：一塊玻璃扎在她的手上。embedin“嵌入”；因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Aidedbytherecentabilitytoanalyzesamplesofairtrappedglaciers,scientistsnowhaveaclearerideaoftherelationshipbetweenatmosphericcompositionandglobaltemperaturechangeoverthepast160,000years.Inparticular,determinationofatmosphericcompositionduringperiodsofglacialexpansionandretreat(coolingandwarming)ispossibleusingdatafromthe2,000-meterVostokicecoredrilledinAntarctica.Thetechniqueinvolvedissimilartothatusedinanalyzingcoresofmarinesediments,wheretheratioofthetwocommonisotopesofoxygen,180and160,accuratelyreflectspasttemperaturechanges.IsotopicanalysisofoxygenintheVostokcoresuggestsmainglobaltemperaturefluctuationsofupto10degreescentigradeoverthepast160,000years.DatafromtheVostokcorealsoindicatethattheamountofCarbondioxidehasfluctuatedwithtemperatureoverthesameperiod:thehigherthetemperature,thehighertheconcentrationofcarbondioxideandthelowerthetemperature,thelowertheconcentration.Althoughchangeincarbondioxidecontentcloselyfollowschangeintemperatureduringperiodsofdeglaciation,itapparentlylagsbehindtemperatureduringperiodsofcooling.Thecorrelationofcarbondioxidewithtemperature,ofcourse,doesnotestablishwhetherchangesinatmosphericcompositioncausedthewarmingandcoolingtrendsorwerecausedbythem.ThecorrelationbetweencarbondioxideandtemperaturethroughouttheVostokrecordisconsistentandpredictable.Theabsolutetemperaturechanges,however,arefrom5to14timesgreaterthanwouldbeexpectedonthebasisofcarbondioxide’sownabilitytoabsorbinfraredradiation,orradiantheat.Thisreactionsuggeststhat,quiteasidefromchangesinheat-trappinggases,commonlyknownasgreenhousegases,certainpositivefeedbacksarealsoamplifyingthetemperaturechange.Suchfeedbacksmightinvolveiceonlandandsea,clouds,orwatervapor,whichalsoabsorbradiantheat.OtherdatafromtheVostokcoreshowthatmethanegasalsocorrelatescloselywithtemperatureandcarbondioxide.Themethaneconcentrationnearlydoubled,forexample,betweenthepeakofthepenultimateglacialperiodandthefollwinginterglacialperiod.Withinthepresentinterglacialperiodithasmorethandoubledinjustthepast300yearsandisrisingrapidly.Althoughtheconcentrationofatmosphericmethaneismorethantwoordersofmagnitudelowerthanthatofcarbondioxide,itcannotbeignored:theradiativepropertiesofmethanemakeit20timesmoreeffective,moleculeformolecule,thancarbondioxideinabsorbingradiantheat.Onthebasisofasimulationmodelthatclimatologicalresearchershavedeveloped,methaneappearstohavebeenabout25percentasimportantascarbondioxideinthewarmingthattookplaceduringthemostrecentglacialretreat8,000to10,000yearsago.

50.Thepassageprovidesinformationtosupportwhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutmethane?

51.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribestherelationshipbetweencarbondioxideandglobaltemperature?

52.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatalong-termdecreaseintheconcentrationofcarbondioxideintheEarth’satmospherewould______.

53.ThepassagesuggeststhatwhenthemethaneconcentrationintheEarth’satmospheredecreases,whichofthefollowingalsohappens?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Methaneismoreeffectivethancarbondioxideinabsorbingradiantheat.

B.Thelessthemethaneconcentration,themorethecloudsformedintheEarth’satmosphere.

C.ThehighertheconcentrationofcarbondioxideintheEarth’satmosphere;thelowertheconcentrationofmethane.

D.Mostoftheglobalwarmingthathasoccurredduringthepast10yearshasbeenassociatedwithincreasedmethaneconcentration.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Carbondioxidelevelschangeimmediatelyinresponsetochangesintemperature.

B.Carbondioxidelevelscorrelatewithglobaltemperatureduringcoolingperiodsonly.

C.Oncecarbondioxidelevelsincrease,theyremainhighregardlessofchangesinglobaltemperature.

D.Duringcoolingperiods,carbondioxidelevelsinitiallyremainhighandthendecline.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.increasemethaneconcentrationintheEarth’satmosphere

B.accompanyaperiodofglaciation

C.encouragetheformationofmoreoxygenisotopesintheEarth’satmosphere

D.promotetheformationofmorewaterintheEarth’sglobalenvironment

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Glaciersmeltfaster.

B.Theconcentrationofcarbondioxideincreases.

C.Theglobaltemperaturedecreases.

D.Carbondioxideabsorbsmoreradiantheat.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

【解析】50.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“這篇文章提供了信息來(lái)支持下面關(guān)于甲烷的哪個(gè)陳述？”。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二句Althoughtheconcentrationofatmosphericmethaneismorethantwoordersofmagnitudelowerthanthatofcarbondioxide,itcannotbeignored:theradiativepropertiesofmethanemakeit20timesmoreeffective,moleculeformolecule,thancarbondioxideinabsorbingradiantheat.（盡管大氣中甲烷濃度的數(shù)量級(jí)，比二氧化碳低兩個(gè)量級(jí)還多，但不能忽略：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)分子比較來(lái)看，甲烷的輻射特性，導(dǎo)致它吸收輻射熱的效率是二氧化碳的20倍。）可知，A項(xiàng)“甲烷在吸收輻射熱方面比二氧化碳更有效”正確；B項(xiàng)“甲烷濃度越少，地球大氣中形成的云就越多”、C項(xiàng)“地球大氣中二氧化碳的濃度越高，甲烷的濃度越低”和D項(xiàng)“過(guò)去10年發(fā)生的大部分全球變暖都與甲烷濃度增加有關(guān)”都沒(méi)有提到。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

51.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“根據(jù)文章，下面哪個(gè)陳述最好地描述了二氧化碳和全球溫度之間的關(guān)系？”。根據(jù)文中的DatafromtheVostokcorealsoindicatethattheamountofCarbondioxidehasfluctuatedwithtemperatureoverthesameperiod:thehigherthetemperature,thehighertheconcentrationofcarbondioxideandthelowerthetemperature,thelowertheconcentration.Althoughchangeincarbondioxidecontentcloselyfollowschangeintemperatureduringperiodsofdeglaciation,itapparentlylagsbehindtemperatureduringperiodsofcooling.（Vostok巖心的數(shù)據(jù)還表明，同一時(shí)期二氧化碳的含量隨溫度波動(dòng)：溫度越高，二氧化碳濃度越高，溫度越低，二氧化碳濃度越低。盡管二氧化碳含量的變化緊跟在冰川消退時(shí)期的溫度變化之后，但在冷卻時(shí)期，二氧化碳含量的變化明顯滯后于溫度。）可知，在冷卻期間，二氧化碳的水平先是保持之前的高水平，隨后下降，D項(xiàng)“在冷卻期間，二氧化碳水平最初保持在高位，然后下降”正確；A項(xiàng)“二氧化碳水平會(huì)隨著溫度的變化而立即變化”錯(cuò)誤，在冷卻時(shí)期二氧化碳水平明顯滯后于溫度；B項(xiàng)“只有在冷卻期間，二氧化碳水平才與全球溫度相關(guān)”和C項(xiàng)“一旦二氧化碳水平增加，無(wú)論全球溫度如何變化，它們都保持高水平”均不符合原文。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

52.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“從這篇文章中可以推斷出，地球大氣中二氧化碳濃度的長(zhǎng)期下降將會(huì)……”。根據(jù)Althoughchangeincarbondioxidecontentcloselyfollowschangeintemperatureduringperiodsofdeglaciation,itapparentlylagsbehindtemperatureduringperiodsofcooling.（盡管二氧化碳含量的變化緊跟在冰川消退時(shí)期的溫度變化之后，但在冷卻時(shí)期，二氧化碳含量的變化明顯滯后于溫度。）來(lái)推斷，在冰消時(shí)期，二氧化碳的含量變化是緊跟冰消時(shí)期的溫度變化而變化，冰消時(shí)期溫度是升高的，所以二氧化碳含量會(huì)增高；而在冷卻時(shí)期，即冰川時(shí)期，溫度下降二氧化碳含量也會(huì)下降，只是滯后于溫度的變化；由此可以推斷，如果二氧化碳的含量長(zhǎng)期下降，溫度肯定是比二氧化碳的含量下降的更明顯，所以將會(huì)伴隨著冰川時(shí)期，故B項(xiàng)“伴隨冰川時(shí)期”正確；根據(jù)最后一句methaneappearstohavebeenabout25percentasimportantascarbondioxideinthewarmingthattookplaceduringthemostrecentglacialretreat8,000to10,000yearsago.（在8000到10000年前的最近一次冰川消退中，甲烷大約提供了相當(dāng)于二氧化碳25%的貢獻(xiàn)。）可知，甲烷和二氧化碳一樣，二氧化碳濃度的長(zhǎng)期下降，甲烷可能也會(huì)下降，A項(xiàng)“增加地球大氣中的甲烷濃度”錯(cuò)誤；文中并沒(méi)有闡述氧同位素和溫度的關(guān)系，C項(xiàng)“鼓勵(lì)地球大氣中更多氧同位素的形成”錯(cuò)誤；文中沒(méi)有提到二氧化碳的含量和水有直接關(guān)系，D項(xiàng)“促進(jìn)地球環(huán)境中更多水的形成”不選。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

53.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“文章指出，當(dāng)?shù)厍虼髿庵械募淄闈舛冉档蜁r(shí)，下列哪一種情況也會(huì)發(fā)生？”。根據(jù)文中的OtherdatafromtheVostokcoreshowthatmethanegasalsocorrelatescloselywithtemperatureandcarbondioxide.（Vostok核的其他數(shù)據(jù)顯示，甲烷氣體也與溫度和二氧化碳密切相關(guān)。），以及最后一句methaneappearstohavebeenabout25percentasimportantascarbondioxideinthewarmingthattookplaceduringthemostrecentglacialretreat8,000to10,000yearsago.（在8000到10000年前的最近一次冰川消退中，甲烷大約提供了相當(dāng)于二氧化碳25%的貢獻(xiàn)。）可推斷，當(dāng)大氣中甲烷濃度降低時(shí)，二氧化碳含量可能同樣的下降了，那么可能會(huì)伴隨冰川時(shí)期，所以溫度會(huì)下降，C項(xiàng)“全球氣溫下降”正確；由此也知A項(xiàng)“冰川融化得更快”和B項(xiàng)“二氧化碳濃度增加”錯(cuò)誤；二氧化碳吸收輻射熱的多少和甲烷濃度沒(méi)有直接關(guān)系，D項(xiàng)“二氧化碳吸收更多的輻射熱”不選。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

HeavyrainfallinthesouthofEnglandmeansthatfloodingis（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.imminent

B.momentous

C.transient

D.prospective

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。imminent“即將發(fā)生的；迫近的”；momentous“重要的；重大的”；transient“短暫的；路過(guò)的”；prospective“未來(lái)的；預(yù)期的”。句意：英格蘭南部的暴雨意味著即將有洪水發(fā)生。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.單選題

—Hehas（）littletimeforreading.

—Ihaveneverseen（）littleboxes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.such;so

B.so;so

C.so;such

D.such;sucha

【答案】C

【解析】句意:——他讀書的時(shí)間少得可憐。

——我從未見(jiàn)過(guò)那樣小的盒子。

考查副詞辨析。用solittle還是suchlittle取決于little的意思：表示數(shù)量方面的“少”，則用solittle;表示形狀體積的“小”，則用suchlittle.即，句中若出現(xiàn)little（少），much,many,few必須用so,因此，第一句中的little是指“少”，故用so;第二句中的little是形容體積的“小”，故用such。

5.單選題

Itwilltakeustwentyminutestogettotherailwaystation,（）trafficdelays.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.acknowledging

B.affording

C.allowingfor

D.accountingfor

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。acknowledge表示“承認(rèn)，答謝”；afford表示“提供，供應(yīng)得起”；allowfor“考慮到；顧及”；accountfor“對(duì)……負(fù)有責(zé)任”。句意：考慮到交通擁堵，我們到火車站可能需要20分鐘。

6.單選題

Theincident（）pressinterest.Reportersfromseveralnewspaperscametointerviewhim.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.purchased

B.produced

C.provoked

D.processed

【答案】C

【解析】句意:這個(gè)事件引起了新聞界的興趣。數(shù)家報(bào)社的記者前來(lái)采訪他。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。Purchase購(gòu)買,贏得;produce生產(chǎn);制造;生長(zhǎng);provoke激怒,煽動(dòng),引起;process加工,處理;審閱,審核。故C符合句意。

7.單選題

Therepublication(再版)ofthepoet’smostrecentworkswillcertainly（

）hisnationalreputation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.magnify

B.enlarge

C.strengthen

D.enhance

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。magnify放大；enlarge擴(kuò)大；strengthen鞏固，加強(qiáng)；enhance提高，增加。

句意：這位詩(shī)人最新作品的再次出版必將提高他在全國(guó)的聲譽(yù)。選項(xiàng)D更符合語(yǔ)境。

8.翻譯題

BritishpreviouscolonialpoliciesledtothespreadofEnglishacrosstheworld.ThiswideuseofEnglishhasbeenreinforcedbythesweepinginfluenceoftheU.S.However,thedominanceofEnglishasaninternationallanguageisconsideredbothablessingandacurse.Foronething,ithasacceleratedtheextinctionofsomelanguages.Peoplehavebeenwonderingaboutthepossibilityofcreatingagloballanguagewhichmightholdpromisesforanendtolanguage-causedtroublesandconflicts.Unfortunately,attemptstoharmonizeworldlanguageshavemetwithlittlesuccessasaresultofthereluctanceofnativespeakersofaparticularlanguagetoadoptanotherlanguageastheirmothertongue.Todiscardone’snativelanguageistohavethedistinctfeaturesofhisnationerased.

【答案】答：

英國(guó)以前的殖民政策導(dǎo)致了英語(yǔ)在世界各地的傳播。美國(guó)的廣泛影響又進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)了英語(yǔ)的廣泛使用。然而，英語(yǔ)作為國(guó)際語(yǔ)言的主導(dǎo)地位既是好事，也是壞事。一方面，它加速了一些語(yǔ)言的滅絕。人們一直在想是否有可能創(chuàng)造一種全球語(yǔ)言，從而有望結(jié)束那些語(yǔ)言引起的麻煩和沖突。不幸的是，因?yàn)槟骋徽Z(yǔ)言的本族語(yǔ)者不愿意把另一種語(yǔ)言當(dāng)作自己的母語(yǔ)，世界語(yǔ)言一致的嘗試收效甚微。拋棄自己的母語(yǔ)，就等于是抹掉自己民族的特色。

9.單選題

Itisintendedthattheseguidelinesshouldbeappliedflexiblyand（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.substantially

B.pragmatically

C.dogmatically

D.reflexively

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)substantially“實(shí)質(zhì)上；大體上”；B選項(xiàng)pragmatically“講究實(shí)效地”；C選項(xiàng)dogmatically“武斷地；教條主義地”；D選項(xiàng)reflexively“反身地”。句意：這些準(zhǔn)則應(yīng)靈活地并……地實(shí)施。聯(lián)系選項(xiàng)可知B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.單選題

Theyoungmathteachergaveherstudentsextraworktodobecauseshewas______byallthenoiseandthetalkingintheclassroom.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exasperated

B.aggregated

C.perturbed

D.assailed

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)exasperate“激怒，使惱怒”，B項(xiàng)aggregate“集合，聚集”，C項(xiàng)perturb“擾亂，使……混亂”，D項(xiàng)assail“攻擊，質(zhì)問(wèn)”。由Theyoungmathteachergaveherstudentsextraworktodo（這位年輕的數(shù)學(xué)老師給她的學(xué)生布置了額外的作業(yè)）和noiseandthetalkingintheclassroom（教室里的噪音和講話聲），結(jié)合常識(shí)，可知空格處填入A項(xiàng)符合。句意：這位年輕的數(shù)學(xué)老師給她的學(xué)生布置了額外的作業(yè)，因?yàn)樗唤淌依锏脑胍艉椭v話聲激怒了。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

11.單選題

Marywastakeninonmorethanoneoccasion,forshewould（

）anystory.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.swallow

B.speculate

C.grope

D.distort

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。swallow“忍受，吞沒(méi)”；speculate“推測(cè)，投機(jī)，思索”；grope“摸索，探索”；distort“扭曲，使失真”。句意：瑪麗不止一次被騙，因?yàn)樗菀纵p信任何故事。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

12.單選題

Hisassertionangeredme.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.statement

B.question

C.success

D.mistake

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。題目中assertion表示“主張；聲稱”；A選項(xiàng)statementn.聲明；陳述；B選項(xiàng)problemn.問(wèn)題；C選項(xiàng)successn.成功；D選項(xiàng)mistaken.錯(cuò)誤。由句意可知，他的表述惹怒了我。因此，正確答案是A項(xiàng)。

13.單選題

Trysomeofthiscake,whichI（）especiallyforyou.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.boiled

B.baked

C.burned

D.roasted

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。boil“煮沸”；bake“烤，烘焙”；burn“燃燒，燒毀”；roast“烤”。句意：吃一點(diǎn)這種蛋糕吧，這是我特意為你烘焙的?？镜案庥胋ake,故B項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Theescapedprisonerjumpedontotheboatandthen（

）itawayfromtheseashorewithapole.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pushed

B.shoved

C.urged

D.pressed

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。push“推動(dòng)，增加”；shove“擠，撞，猛推”；urge“催促，敦促”；press“壓，按，逼迫”。pushaway=shove。句意：逃犯先跳上船，然后用桿子將船退離岸邊。只有A項(xiàng)能與away搭配，且符合句意。故A項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Shecutherhairshortandtriedto____herselfasaman.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.decorate

B.disguise

C.fabricate

D.fake

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.decorate裝飾；裝潢B.disguise假扮；裝扮；偽裝

C.fabricate編造；捏造D.fake偽造；冒充

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】句意：她把頭發(fā)剪短，試圖……成男人。根據(jù)句意，她把頭發(fā)剪短目的是偽裝成男人的樣子。因此選B。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)decorate“裝飾；裝潢”，不符合語(yǔ)境；

C選項(xiàng)fabricate“編造；捏造”，指捏造虛假信息以欺騙他人，題目中指的是改變?cè)煨投皇悄笤焯摷傩畔ⅲ?/p>

D選項(xiàng)fake“偽造；冒充”，指使假的看起來(lái)是真的，尤指為了欺騙某人，題目說(shuō)的是女人把頭發(fā)剪短假扮男人，并不是使假的看起來(lái)是真的，且這里不存在欺騙的意思，因此該選項(xiàng)不符合語(yǔ)境。

【句意】她把頭發(fā)剪短，試圖化裝成男人。

16.單選題

Thereisa（）differenceinmeaningbetweenthetwowords“surroundings”and“environment”.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.gentle

B.feeble

C.subtle

D.humble

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)gentle“溫和的；文雅的”；B選項(xiàng)feeble“微弱的；虛弱的”；C選項(xiàng)subtle“微妙的；細(xì)微的；敏感的；稀薄的”；D選項(xiàng)humble“謙遜的；簡(jiǎn)陋的；（級(jí)別或地位）低下的”。句意：“surroundings”與“environment”這兩個(gè)單詞在意思上存在細(xì)微的差異。根據(jù)句意，選項(xiàng)C正確。

17.單選題

Itwilltakeustwentyminutestogettotherailwaystation,（）trafficdelays.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.affording

B.accountingfor

C.allowingfor

D.acknowledging

【答案】C

【解析】詞組辨析。afford“給予，提供，買得起”;accountfor“對(duì)...負(fù)有責(zé)任，對(duì)...作出解釋”，allowfor“考慮到，顧及”;acknowledge“承認(rèn)，答謝”。句意:考慮到交通擁堵，我們到火車站還要20分鐘。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

18.單選題

Everyyearthousandsofpeoplearearrestedandtakentocourtforshop-lifting.InBritainaloneaboutHK$3,000,000’sworthofgoodsarestolenfromshopseveryweek.ThisamountstosomethinglikeHK$150millionayear,andrepresentsabout4percentoftheshops’totalstock.Asaresultofthis"shrinkage"astheshopscallit,thehonestpublichastopayhigherprices.

Shop-lifterscanbedividedintothreemaincategories:theprofessionals,thedeliberateamateur,andthepeoplewhojustcan'thelpthemselves.Theprofessionalsdonotposemuchofaproblemforthestoredetectives,who,assistedbyclosedcircuittelevision,two-waymirrorsandvariousothertechnologicaldevices,canusuallycopewiththem.Theprofessionalstendtogoforhighvaluegoodsinpartsoftheshopswheresecuritymeasuresaretightest.And,inanycase,theyaccountforonlyasmallpercentageofthetotallossesduetoshop-lifting.

Thesameappliestothedeliberateamateurwhois,sotospeak,aprofessionalintraining.Mostofthemgetcaughtsoonerorlater,andtheyaredealtwithseverelybythecourts.

Therealproblemisthepersonwhogiveswaytoasuddentemptationandisinallotherrespectsanhonestandlaw-abidingcitizen.Contrarytowhatonewouldexpect,thiskindofshop-lifterisrarelypoor.Hedoesnotstealbecauseheneedsthegoodsandcannotaffordtopayforthem.Hestealsbecausehesimplycannotstophimself.Andtherearecountlessotherswho,becauseofage,sicknessorplainabsent-mindedness,simplyforgettopayforwhattheytakefromtheshops.Whencaught,allareliabletoprosecution,andthedecisionwhethertosendforthepoliceornotisinthehandsofthestoremanager.

Inordertopreventthequiteincrediblegrowthinship-liftingof-fences,somestores,infact,aredoingtheirbesttoseparatethethievesfromtheconfusedbyprohibitingcustomersfromtakingbagsintothestore.However,whatismostworryingaboutthewholeproblemis,perhaps,thatitisyetanotherinstanceoftheinnocentmajoritybeingpenalizedandinconveniencedbecauseoftheactionsofasmallminority.Itistheaircrafthijacksituationinanotherform.Becauseofthepossibilityofonepassengerinamillionboardinganaircraftwithaweapon,theother999,999passengersmustsubjectthemselvestosearchesanddelays.Unlessthesituationintheshopsimproves,intenyears'timewemayallhavetosubjectourselvestoabody-searcheverytimewegointoastoretobuyatinofbeans!

1.Whydoesthehonestpublichavetopayhigherpriceswhentheygototheshops?

2.Thethirdgroupofpeoplestealthingsbecausethey（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,law-abidingcitizens

（

）.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaboutthemaintypesofshop-lifting?

5.Theaircrafthijacksituationisusedinordertoshowthat（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thereisa“shrinkage”inmarketvalues.

B.Manygoodsarenotavailable.

C.Goodsinmanyshopslackvariety.

D.Therearemanycasesofshop-lifting.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.arementallyill

B.arequiteabsent-minded

C.cannotresistthetemptation

D.cannotaffordtopayforgoods

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.canpossiblystealthingsbecauseoftheirpoverty

B.canpossiblytakeawaygoodswithoutpaying

C.haveneverstolengoodsfromthesupermarkets

D.aredifficulttobecaughtwhentheystealthings

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Abigpercentageofthetotallossesarecausedbytheprofessionals.

B.Thedeliberateamateurswillbepunishedseverelyiftheygetcaught.

C.Peoplewouldexpectthatthosewhocan'thelpthemselvesarepoor.

D.Theprofessionalsdon’tcausealotoftroubletothestoredetectives.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A."theprofessionalsdonotposemuchofaproblemforthestores"

B.somepeople"simplyforgettopayforwhattheytakefromtheshops"

C."thehonestpublichastopayhigherprices"

D.thethirdtypeofshop-liftersaredangerouspeople

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由文章第一段中的Asaresultofthis"shrinkage"astheshopscallit,thehonestpublichastopayhigherprices.（由于商店所說(shuō)的“收縮”，誠(chéng)實(shí)的公眾不得不支付更高的價(jià)格）可知是“shrinkage”是原因，“shrinkage”是指前面的shop-lifting（店內(nèi)盜竊）導(dǎo)致商場(chǎng)的損失，為了

彌補(bǔ)損失，因此誠(chéng)實(shí)的顧客需要比以前付出更高的價(jià)格，因此選D。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第二段中的Shop-lifterscanbedividedintothreemaincategories:theprofessionals,thedeliberateamateur,andthepeoplewhojustcan'thelpthemselves.（店內(nèi)盜竊可分為三大類：專業(yè)竊賊，深思熟慮的業(yè)余竊賊和那些無(wú)法控制自己的竊賊）可知C選項(xiàng)“抵擋不住誘惑”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第四段中的Andtherearecountlessotherswho,becauseofage,sicknessorplainabsent-mindedness,simplyforgettopayforwhattheytakefromtheshops.（還有數(shù)不清的其他人，由于年齡、疾病或明顯的心不在焉，干脆忘了為他們從商店拿走的東西買單）可知B選項(xiàng)“可能沒(méi)付錢就拿走商品”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第二段中的Theprofessionalstendtogoforhighvaluegoodsinpartsoftheshopswheresecuritymeasuresaretightest.And,inanycase,theyaccountforonlyasmallpercentageofthetotallossesduetoshop-lifting.（專業(yè)竊賊傾向于在安全措施最嚴(yán)格的部分商店購(gòu)買高價(jià)值商品。而且，在任何情況下，它們只占因盜竊而造成的總損失的一小部分）可知A選項(xiàng)“總損失的大部分是由專業(yè)竊賊造成的”不正確，注意題干中問(wèn)的是“NOTtrue”，因此選A。

5.推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中的thatitisyetanotherinstanceoftheinnocentmajoritybeingpenalizedandinconveniencedbecauseoftheactionsofasmallminority.Becauseofthepossibilityofonepassengerinamillionboardinganaircraftwithaweapon,theother999,999passengersmustsubjectthemselvestosearchesanddelays.（這是又一個(gè)例子，無(wú)辜的大多數(shù)因?yàn)樯贁?shù)人的行為而受到懲罰和不便。由于每百萬(wàn)名乘客中就有一名乘客攜帶武器登上飛機(jī)，因此其他999，999名乘客必須接受搜查和延誤）可知此處指“店內(nèi)盜竊”與“飛機(jī)劫持事件”所帶來(lái)的后果在本質(zhì)上一樣的，耽誤了多數(shù)守法的人的時(shí)間，損害了他們的利益，因此選C。

19.單選題

Oftensuchargumentshavetheeffectof（

）ratherthanclarifyingtheissuesinvolved.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.obscuring

B.prejudicing

C.tackling

D.blocking

【答案】A

【解析】考查近義詞解析。obscure“使……模糊不清；”prejudice“使有偏見(jiàn)”；tackle“阻礙”；block“阻塞”，句意：這樣的爭(zhēng)論經(jīng)常會(huì)使問(wèn)題變得含糊不清，而不能使問(wèn)題更明確。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

20.單選題

Don’tbeafraidofbees.Theydonotnormally（）withoutbeingprovoked.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sing

B.bite

C.prick

D.thrust

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)sing“唱歌”；B選項(xiàng)bite“咬”；C選項(xiàng)prick“戳，扎破”；D選項(xiàng)thrust“插，插入”。句意：不要害怕蜜蜂。如果沒(méi)有挑釁，它們通常不會(huì)（）人。蜜蜂是咬人，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

21.單選題

Don'ttrustthespeakeranymore,sincetheremarkshemadeinhislecturesarenever（）withthefacts.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.symmetrical

B.comparative

C.compatible

D.harmonious

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。symmetrical“勻稱的，對(duì)稱的”；comparative“比較的，相當(dāng)?shù)摹?；compatible“可兼容的”；harmonious“和諧的”。句意：不要再相信演講者了，因?yàn)樗谘葜v中所講的永遠(yuǎn)與事實(shí)不符。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

22.單選題

Itiswellknownthatwhenanindividualjoinsagrouphetendstoacceptthegroup’sstandardsofbehaviorandthinking.Heisexpectedtobehaveinaccordancewiththesenormsinotherwords,thegroupexpectshimtoconform.Manyillustrationscouldbegivenofthisfromeverydaylife,butwhatisofparticularinteresttopsychologistsistheextenttowhichpeople’sjudgmentsandopinionscanbechangedasaresultofgrouppressure.

Inatypicalexperiment,theexperimenterasksforvolunteerstojoinagroupthatisinvestigatingvisualperception.Thevictimsarenot,therefore,awareoftherealpurposeoftheexperiment.Eachvolunteeristakentoaroomwherehefindsagroupofaboutsevenpeoplewhoarecollaboratingwiththeexperimenter.Thegroupisshownastandardcardwhichcontainsasingleline.Theyarethenaskedtolookatasecondcard.Thishasthreelinesonit.Oneisobviouslylongerthanthelineonthefirstcard,oneisshorterandonethesamelength.Theyhavetosaywhichlineonthesecondcardisthesamelengthasthelineonthestandardcard.Theothermembersofthegroupanswerfirstbutwhatthevolunteerdoesnotknowisthattheyhavebeentoldtopickoneofthewronglines.Thevolunteerseesthattheothermembersofthegroupunanimouslychoosealinewhichisobviouslynotthesamelengthastheoneonthestandardcard.

Whenitishisturntoanswerheisfacedwiththeunanimousopinionofthegroup—alltheothershavechosenlineAbuthequiteclearlyseeslineBascorrect.Whatwillhedo?AccordingtoAsch,morethanhalfofthevictimschosenwillchangetheiropinion.Whatisequallysurprisingisthat,wheninterviewedabouttheiranswers,mostexplainedthattheyknewthegroupchoicewasincorrectbutthattheyyieldedtothepressureofthegroupbecausetheythoughttheymustbesufferingfromanopticalillusion.

1.Psychologistsareinterestedin（

）.

2.Intheexperiment,whohavebeentoldtopickthewrongline?

3.Inwhatcircumstancesdomostpeopleyieldtopressure?

4.Theexperimentsdemonstratethat（

）.

5.Thebesttitleofthispassagewouldbe（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.howfargrouppressurecaninfluencepeople’sjudgments

B.howtomakejudgmentsaccordingtoeverydayexperience

C.howtochangepeople’sjudgments

D.thegroup’sstandardsofsocialbehavior

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thevictims.

B.Thevolunteer.

C.Theexperimenter.

D.Theothermembers.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Whenthegroupisseparated.

B.Whenthegroupisunanimous.

C.Whentheyknowtheyarethevictims.

D.Whentheyareforcedtoanswerquestions.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.nearlyeveryindividualwillbehavedifferentlyfromothers

B.grouppressureiscausedbytheinterferenceofthepsychologists.

C.psychologistswishtochangethepeople’sjudgmentsandopinions.

D.peoplewillchangetheirideasundergrouppressure.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.ATypicalExperiment

B.AreWeAfraidtobeDifferent

C.TheGroup’sStandardsofBehaviorandThinking

D.DoseanIndividualNeedtoFollowaGroup’sStandards

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“whatisofparticularinteresttopsychologistsistheextenttowhichpeople’sjudgmentsandopinionscanbechangedasaresultofgrouppressure.”心理學(xué)家特別感興趣的是，團(tuán)體的壓力究竟會(huì)在多大程度上改變?nèi)藗兊呐袛嗪陀^點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“wrongline”定位到第二段倒數(shù)第二句“Theothermembersofthegroupanswerfirstbutwhatthevolunteerdoesnotknowisthattheyhavebeentoldtopickoneofthewronglines.”小組的其他成員先回答，但志愿者不知道的是，他們被告知要選錯(cuò)一條線。這里的“they”指的是上句提到的“Theothermembersofthegroup”，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)中超過(guò)一半的被選中的受害者會(huì)改變他們的觀點(diǎn)。大多數(shù)人解釋說(shuō)，他們知道小組的選擇是錯(cuò)誤的，但他們最終屈服于小組的壓力，因?yàn)樾〗M的選擇是全體一致的。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

4.推理判斷題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)實(shí)際上是想證明第一段提出的觀點(diǎn)“theextenttowhichpeople’sjudgmentsandopinionscanbechangedasaresultofgrouppressure.”團(tuán)體的壓力究竟會(huì)在多大程度上改變?nèi)藗兊呐袛嗪陀^點(diǎn)。最后得出結(jié)論，大多數(shù)會(huì)在團(tuán)體壓力下改變他們的想法。所以選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

5.主旨大意題。文章在第一段提出觀點(diǎn)“當(dāng)一個(gè)人加入一個(gè)群體時(shí)，他往往會(huì)接受這個(gè)群體的行為和思維標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”，后面通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)證明這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)A和C表述太籠統(tǒng)，相對(duì)于選項(xiàng)D，選項(xiàng)B“我們害怕與眾不同嗎?”這個(gè)標(biāo)題更好。

23.單選題

Whatwecallnatureis,______,thesumofthechangesmadebyallthevariouscreaturesandnaturalforcesintheirintricateactionsandinfluencesuponeachotherandupontheirplaces.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.incommonsense

B.fromasense

C.bythesense

D.inasense

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.incommonsense普通常識(shí)B.fromasense從一種感覺(jué)

C.bythesense憑感覺(jué)D.inasense在某種意義上

【考查點(diǎn)】插入語(yǔ)。

【解題思路】分析句子可知，句子結(jié)構(gòu)意義完整，而空格處位于系動(dòng)詞和表語(yǔ)之間，且用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，可推知空格處填入一個(gè)插入語(yǔ)，按照句意“我們所稱的自然，______，就是一切不同的生物和自然力在其相互作用和相互影響的過(guò)程中所發(fā)生的變化的總和”可知，空格處填入D項(xiàng)符合句意，故該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C項(xiàng)都不符合句意。

【句意】從某種意義上說(shuō)，我們所稱的自然，就是一切不同的生物和自然力在其相互作用和相互影響的過(guò)程中所發(fā)生的變化的總和。

24.翻譯題

大米的營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值同土豆的差不多，但在常溫下保存的更久。

上大學(xué)并不一定是每個(gè)人的恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x擇，更不是唯一的選擇。

僅碳?xì)鋬煞N元素就能構(gòu)成成千上萬(wàn)種化合物，其原因是碳?xì)涞姆肿涌梢砸圆煌姆绞竭M(jìn)行連接。

所有這些都促使學(xué)生獨(dú)立認(rèn)真地學(xué)習(xí)，促使他們學(xué)會(huì)如何發(fā)現(xiàn)利用大學(xué)的資源。

經(jīng)濟(jì)水平比較低的情況下，它反而會(huì)給現(xiàn)代政府在提供食物，就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)等方面增加巨大的負(fù)擔(dān)。

【答案】Thenutritionalvalueofricealmostequalsthatofthepotato.However,itcanbestoredatroomtemperatureforlonger.

Goingtocollegeisnottherightchoiceforeveryone,northeonlyoptionatall.

Onlytwoelementsofhydrocarboncanformthousandscompounds.Thereasonisthattheirmoleculescanbeconnectedindifferentways.

Allofthesearetourgestudentstostudyindependentlyandindustriouslylearnhowtousetheuniversityresources.

Underthecircumstanceofloweconomiclevel,itwouldincreasethepressureoffoodprovisionandemploymentopportunities.

25.單選題

Heresented（

）towait.Heexpectedtheminister（

）

himatonce.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tobeasked,tosee

B.beingasked,tosee

C.tobeasked,seeing

D.beingasked,seeing

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：他憎恨等待。他希望總理馬上見(jiàn)他。resented后面一般直接接名詞或者動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式；expect后面一般接不定式，所以答案選B。

26.單選題

Thismethod________myheadache.Itreallytakeseffect.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.soothes

B.sobers

C.soars

D.soaks

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。soothes“安慰，緩和”；sobers“使嚴(yán)肅，使清醒”；soars“上升，高聳”；soaks“浸泡，滲透”。句意：這種方法減輕了我的頭痛，真的起了作用。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

27.翻譯題

美元的貶值使得許多外國(guó)投資者購(gòu)買美國(guó)股票更加劃算。這就引發(fā)了來(lái)自美國(guó)以外的投資者的搶購(gòu)，特別是日本投資者的搶購(gòu)。另外，如果貿(mào)易狀況有所好轉(zhuǎn)，美國(guó)公司的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力最終將會(huì)更加強(qiáng)大。因此，許多投資者購(gòu)買以出口為導(dǎo)向的美國(guó)公司的股票，以期在明年獲得更大的利潤(rùn)。但這只是當(dāng)前的一種時(shí)髦理念。如果今后幾個(gè)季度里美國(guó)公司的整體收益令人失望的話，那么，這種狂熱的購(gòu)買行為就會(huì)消失。

【答案】ThedepreciationofU.S.dollarmakesitmorecost-effectiveformanyforeigninvestorstobuyAmericanstocks,whichhastriggeredpanicbuyingbyinvestorsfromoutsidetheUnitedStates,especiallyJapan.Inaddition,ifthetradesituationimproves,Americancompanieswilleventuallybecomemorecompetitive.Asaresult,manyinvestorsarebuyingsharesofexport-orientedU.S.companiesinthehopeofmakinggreaterprofitsnextyear.Butthisisjustafashionableideaatthemoment.IftheoverallearningsofU.S.companiesinthenextfewquartersaredisappointing,thisfreneticbuyingbehaviorwilldisappear.

28.單選題

We’veallheardaboutendangeredanimals.Creatureslikethecriticallyendangeredblackrhinocerosarefamous.Butwhatarethemostendangeredplants?Theymightnotbeasexcitingorloveableasanimals,buttheyarejustasimportanttotheecosystem一andhumanityreliesonthatecosystem.

Herearethreeofthemostthreatenedplantstoday.（1）Theseplantsoccupysomeofthemostinaccessible,remotepartsofourplanet.Theyarethreatenedbyhabitatdestruction,illegalcollection,poaching,andcompetitionwithinvadingspecies.

Attenborough’spitcherplantisknownonlyfromtherelativelyinaccessiblesummitofMountVictoriainPalawaninthePhilippines.Therearethoughttobeonlyafewhundredofthem.

（2）

Attenborough’spitcherplantisoneofthebiggest,withpitchersupto30cmin