考研考博-英語-上海交通職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-上海交通職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

（）mainlyfortheinventionofthetelephone,AlexanderGrahamBelldevotedhislifetohelpingthedeaf.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Heisremembered

B.Whilebeingremembered

C.Toberemembered

D.Thoughremembered

【答案】D

【解析】考查讓步狀語從句。后面的句子完整,

但是沒有連詞連接,

由此可知前面應(yīng)該為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),

所以首先排除選項(xiàng)A。根據(jù)句意：雖然人們記得亞歷山大·格雷厄姆·貝爾主要是由于電話的發(fā)明,

但實(shí)際上他一生都致力于幫助失聰者。前后有轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系,

所以用連詞though更適合。

2.單選題

Onceitwaspossibletodefinemaleandfemaleroleseasilybythedivisionoflabor.Menworkedoutsidethehomeandearnedtheincometosupporttheirfamilies,whilewomencookedthemealsandtookcareofthehomeandthechildren.Theseroleswerefirmlyfixedformostpeople,andtherewasnotmuchopportunityforwomentoexchangetheirroles.Butbythemiddleofthiscentury,men’sandwomen’sroleswerebecominglessfirmlyfixed.

Inthe1950s,economicandsocialsuccesswasthegoalofthetypicalAmerican.Butinthe1960sanewforcedevelopedcalledthecounterculture.Thepeopleinvolvedinthismovementdidnotvaluethemiddle-classAmericangoals.Thecounterculturepresentedmenandwomenwithnewrolechoices.Takingmoreinterestinchildcare,menbegantosharechild-raisingtaskswiththeirwives.Infact,someyoungmenandwomenmovedtocommunalhomesorfarmswheretheeconomicandchildcareresponsibilitiesweresharedequallybybothsexes.Inaddition,manyAmericansdidnotvaluethetraditionalmaleroleofsoldier.SomeyoungmenrefusedtobedraftedassoldierstofightinthewarinVietnam.

Intermsofnumbers,thecounterculturewasnotaverylargegroupofpeople.ButitsinfluencespreadtomanypartsofAmericansociety.Workingmenofallclassesbegantochangetheireconomicandsocialpatterns.Industrialworkersandbusinessexecutivesalikecutdownon“overtime”worksothattheycouldspendmoreleisuretimewiththeirfamilies.Somedoctors,lawyers,andteachersturnedawayfromhighpayingsituationstopracticetheirprofessionsinpoorerneighborhoods.

Inthe1970s,thefeministmovement,orwomen’sliberation,producedadditionaleconomicandsocialchanges.Womenofallagesandatalllevelsofsocietywereenteringtheworkforceingreaternumbers.Mostofthemstilltooktraditionalwomen’sjobsaspublicschoolteaching,nursing,andsecretarialwork.Butsomewomenbegantoentertraditionallymaleoccupations:policework,banking,dentistry,andconstructionwork.Womenwereaskingforequalwork,andequalopportunitiesforpromotion.

Todaytheexpertsgenerallyagreethatimportantchangesaretakingplaceintherolesofmenandwomen.Naturally,therearedifficultiesinadjustingtothesetransformations.

andwomen.Naturally,therearedifficultiesinadjustingtothesetransformations.

1.WhichofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainideaofParagraph1?

2.WhichsentencebestexpressesthemainideaofParagraph2?

3.Inthepassagetheauthorproposesthatthecounterculture______.

4.Itcouldbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.

5.Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Womenusuallyworkedoutsidethehomeforwages.

B.Menandwomen’sroleswereeasilyexchangedinthepast.

C.Men’srolesathomeweremorefirmlyfixedthanwomen’s.

D.Menandwomen’sroleswereusuallyquiteseparatedinthepast.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thefirstsentence.

B.Thesecondandthethirdsentences.

C.Thefourthsentence.

D.Thelastsentence.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.destroyedtheUnitedStates

B.transfonnedsomeAmericanvalues

C.wasnotimportantintheUnitedStates

D.broughtpeoplemoreleisuretimewiththeirfamilies

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.menandwomenwillneversharethesamegoals

B.somemenwillbewillingtoexchangetheirtraditionalmaleroles

C.mostmenwillbehappytosharesomeofthehouseholdresponsibilitieswiththeirwives

D.moreAmericanhouseholdsareheadedbywomenthaneverbefore

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ResultsofFeministMovements

B.NewinfluenceinAmericanLife

C.CountercultureandItsconsequence

D.TraditionalDivisionofMaleandFemaleRoles

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.主旨大意題。由文章第一段中Menworkedoutsidethehomeandearnedtheincometosupporttheirfamilies,whilewomencookedthemealsandtookcareofthehomeandthechildren.Theseroleswerefirmlyfixedformostpeople,andtherewasnotmuchopportunityforwomentoexchangetheirroles.（男人在外面工作，掙的錢養(yǎng)家，而女人做飯，照顧家里和孩子。這些角色對大多數(shù)人來說是固定不變的，婦女沒有機(jī)會(huì)交換她們的角色）可知過去男女的分工明確，角色相對固定，因此選D。

2.主旨大意題。文章第二段主要講述了反主流文化對男女分工角色的影響，再根據(jù)第一段最后一句中Butbythemiddleofthiscentury,men’sandwomen’sroleswerebecominglessfirmlyfixed.（但是到了本世紀(jì)中葉，男性和女性的角色越來越不固定）可知C選項(xiàng)最符合題意。

A選項(xiàng)“在20世紀(jì)50年代，經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)的成功是典型的美國人的目標(biāo)”；B選項(xiàng)“但是在20世紀(jì)60年代，一支新的力量被稱為反文化。參與這場運(yùn)動(dòng)的人并不重視美國中產(chǎn)階級的目標(biāo)；C選項(xiàng)“反主流文化為男性和女性提供了新的角色選擇”；D選項(xiàng)“一些年輕男性拒絕應(yīng)征當(dāng)兵參加越南戰(zhàn)爭”。

3.推理判斷題。由文章第三段中ButitsinfluencespreadtomanypartsofAmericansociety（但它的影響卻蔓延到美國社會(huì)的許多方面）可推測反主流文化改變了美國的一些價(jià)值觀，因此選B。

4.推理判斷題。由文章第二段中Takingmoreinterestinchildcare,menbegantosharechild-raisingtaskswiththeirwives.Infact,someyoungmenandwomenmovedtocommunalhomesorfarmswheretheeconomicandchildcareresponsibilitiesweresharedequallybybothsexes.（由于對育兒更感興趣，男人們開始和妻子分擔(dān)撫養(yǎng)孩子的任務(wù)。事實(shí)上，一些年輕男女搬進(jìn)了公共住宅或農(nóng)場，在那兒雙方共同承擔(dān)經(jīng)濟(jì)和撫養(yǎng)孩子的責(zé)任）可推測C選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)男人都很樂意和妻子分擔(dān)一些家務(wù)”符合題意。

5.主旨大意題。文章第一段講述了過去社會(huì)男女分工明確，角色固定；第二三段講述了反主流文化以及它的影響；第四段講述了女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)給美國社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來的變化；最后一段簡單概括男女地位的變化與轉(zhuǎn)變中的困難。因此B選項(xiàng)“美國生活的新影響”符合題意。

3.填空題

Fillineachofthenumberedblanksinthepassagewithonesuitableword.(10points)

Thewindwasstrongerthanithadbeenearlier.Ihad(1)beenoutinsuchastrongstormbefore.Aswedroverapidlythroughthewoodsthebranchesswayed(2)andforwardsabove(3).Lightningflashed.

“Iwishweweren’toutin(4)storm,”IsaidtoJohn.Thewordswerehardlyoutof(5)mouthwhenabranchfromatreecamecrashingdownacrosstheroadin(6)ofus.Weleaptoutofthecarandranquickly(7)thefallenbranch.Wehadtomoveit,otherwisewe(8)notbeabletocontinue(9)journey.

Wepulledandpusheduntilwewerefinallyabletomoveit(10)thesideoftheroad.Wegotbackintothecaranddrove(11)downtheroad.Wehadtogettothehouse(12)time.LordBrenton,(13)wasdying,wasthe(14)personwhocouldgiveustheinformationweneeded(15)wecouldcatchthemurderers.Hewasakeywitness.

Atlastwereachedourdestination.Thehouse(16)litupinsidelikeaChristmas(17).Hemust(18)bealive,Ithought,aswejumped(19)ofthecarandranupthestepsto(20)entranceofthehugeVictorianhouse.“Ithinkwe’vemadeit,”IcalledtoJohn.

【答案】1.never

2.quickly

3.all

4.the

5.my

6.front

7.avoiding

8.can

9.our

10.on

11.straight

12.on

13.who

14.important

15.so

16.was

17.Eve

18.to

19.out

20.make

【解析】1.根據(jù)上下文可知，這里應(yīng)該是想表達(dá)作者從沒有在這么大風(fēng)暴的環(huán)境出去過，因此可填入“never”。句意：我以前從未在這么大的暴風(fēng)雨中出去過。

2.根據(jù)“swayed”可知，這里應(yīng)當(dāng)填入一個(gè)副詞，修飾“swayed”，并且與“rapidly”相應(yīng)的詞，因此這里可填入“quickly”。句意：我們駕車疾馳穿過樹林時(shí)，樹枝搖擺得很快。

3.考查固定搭配，根據(jù)上下文可知，這里想表達(dá)的是“尤其”，因此可填入“all”，與above為固定搭配。句意：尤其是在前方。

4.根據(jù)上下文可知，這里想表達(dá)的是特指這個(gè)暴風(fēng)雨，因此填入“the”。句意：我希望我們沒在暴風(fēng)雨里。

5.根據(jù)上文可知，前面我說“我希望我們沒在暴風(fēng)雨里”，但是這些話是還沒從我的嘴巴里說出來，因此填入“my”，符合語境。句意：這些話我?guī)缀鯖]說出口。

6.考查固定搭配。根據(jù)句意，可知是一根樹枝掉在我們前面，“infrontof”同樣也是固定搭配。句意：一根樹枝從我們面前的馬路上掉了下來。

7.根據(jù)上下文語義，可知我們一系列動(dòng)作是為了避免掉落的分支，因此可以填入一個(gè)“避免”的單詞。句意：我們從車?yán)锾鰜恚w快地跑著，避開掉下來的樹枝。

8.根據(jù)上文otherwise表示轉(zhuǎn)折，可知下文表示我們不能……，這里填入一個(gè)“can”。句意：我們不能夠繼續(xù)。

9.根據(jù)上下文，這里作者想表達(dá)的是，否則我們不能夠繼續(xù)我們的旅程，可推測這里應(yīng)當(dāng)填入一個(gè)“our”。句意：我們不能夠繼續(xù)我們的旅程。

10.考查固定搭配，根據(jù)上文可知，我們又推又拉將樹枝移動(dòng)到路邊，“onthesideoftheroad”（在道路的邊上），因此填入“on”，句意：我們又拉又推，直到最后能夠把它移到路邊。

11.根據(jù)上文我們回到車?yán)?，可以推測，作者要繼續(xù)沿著這條路一直開下去，因此應(yīng)填入“straight”，“drovestraightdown”（筆直開下去）。句意：我們回到車?yán)?，沿著這條路一直開下去。

12.考查固定搭配，這里想表達(dá)的是，我們必須要按時(shí)回家，“ontime”（按時(shí)，準(zhǔn)時(shí)），因此應(yīng)填入“on”。句意：我們必須準(zhǔn)時(shí)到家。

13.根據(jù)上下文，句中不缺少成分，可知這里應(yīng)當(dāng)填入一個(gè)代詞，又因前面是一個(gè)人，因此應(yīng)填入“who”。句意：垂死的布倫頓勛爵。

14.根據(jù)后文的person，可知這里應(yīng)當(dāng)填入一個(gè)形容詞修飾“person”，以及后文的key，可推測這里需要填入一個(gè)表示“重要的”的詞。句意：布倫頓勛爵是一個(gè)重要的人。

15.根據(jù)上下文語境，兩者之間表示因果關(guān)系，因此填入“so”，句意：布蘭登勛爵可以提供我們需要的信息這樣我們就能抓住兇手。

16.根據(jù)上下文語境，可知是房子被點(diǎn)亮，需要使用一個(gè)被動(dòng)語態(tài)，因此填入“was”。句意：房子被點(diǎn)亮了。

17.上文說到房子燈火通明，像圣誕……，可推測像“平安夜”的夜晚。句意：屋子里燈火通明，就像平安夜一樣。

18.考查固定搭配，“mustto”（必須）。句意：他一定還活著。

19.根據(jù)上下文可知，這里“我們”應(yīng)當(dāng)是從車?yán)锍鰜?，所以?yīng)在橫線處填上“out”。句意：我想，當(dāng)我們跳下車的時(shí)候。

20.根據(jù)上下文可知，這里是說作者進(jìn)入了這個(gè)大房間，因此可填入“make”。句意：我們跑上臺(tái)階，來到那幢維多利亞式的大房子門口。

4.單選題

WhenDickbegantotellabouthissummervacation,theteacher（

）him（

）,saying"Tellusthatanothertime."

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.cut...down

B.shut...out

C.cut...short

D.shut...off

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。cutdown意為“減少，砍倒”；shutout意為“把……關(guān)在門外，阻斷（念頭、情感等）”；cutshort意為“縮短，打斷”；shutoff意為“關(guān)閉，停止”。

句意：當(dāng)Dick開始講述他的暑假時(shí)，教師打斷了他，說“下次告訴我們”。

5.單選題

Althoughtheinsistenceonbalancingspendingagainsttaxrevenueshascontributedtotheeconomy’sstagnation,unfortunately,thegovernmentdoesnotseemlikelyto_______thisrigidpolicy.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.persistin

B.initiate

C.repudiate

D.continue

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)persistin“堅(jiān)持，固執(zhí)于”；B選項(xiàng)initiate“創(chuàng)始；發(fā)起”；C選項(xiàng)repudiate“拒絕；（正式）否認(rèn)；斷絕關(guān)系”；D選項(xiàng)continue“繼續(xù)；連續(xù)”。句意：盡管堅(jiān)持收支平衡導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟(jì)停滯，不幸的是，政府似乎不太可能_______這個(gè)僵化的政策。根據(jù)語境，這里指堅(jiān)持收支平衡這個(gè)僵化的政策讓經(jīng)濟(jì)停滯，但政府大有可能繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持這個(gè)政策，所以repudiate“（正式）否認(rèn)”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Thedirectionwereso（）thatitwasimpossibletocompletetheassignment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ingenious

B.ambitious

C.notorious

D.ambiguous

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。ingenious“有獨(dú)創(chuàng)性的”；ambitious“有野心的”；notorious“臭名昭著的”；ambiguous“模糊不清的”。句意：指示太模糊了，不可能完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

7.翻譯題

PartII.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish(25分)

如果分析不當(dāng)，造成誤解，就謹(jǐn)小慎微，不敢解放思想，不敢放開手腳。結(jié)果是喪失時(shí)機(jī)，猶如逆水行舟，不進(jìn)則退。（《鄧小平文選》第三卷）

【答案】Ifwefailtomakeaproperanalysisandthusincurmisunderstanding,wewillbecomeovercautiousanddarenotemancipateoutmindsandactboldly.Consequently,wewillloseopportunities.Likeaboatsailingagainstthecurrent,wemustforgeaheadorbesweptdownstream.

8.翻譯題

FormanyChinesepeople,thebeginningof2011holdsthepromiseofafreshroundofeducationreforms,whichareexpectedtoboostthecountry’seducationqualitythroughincreasinggovernmentinvestment,narrowinggapsbetweenurbanandruralschools,achievinginternationallyacknowledgedhighereducationandreducingacademiccorruptionandbureaucracy.

Accordingtothelandmarkreformplan,governmentinvestmentwillincreasesteadilytosupporttheeducationsector,witheducationexpenditureamountingto4%ofGDPby2012.

Chinafirstpledgedtoincreaseitseducationspendingto4percentoftheGDPin1993,buthas,sofar,failedtoachievethetarget.Theplan,whichtookoneyearandninemonthstodrawupandinvitedpublicsubmissionontwoseparateoccasions,wasseenassettingthetoneforthedevelopmentofeducationsector,whichhaslongsufferedfromfundingshortageandunbalanceddevelopmentbetweenruralandurbanareas.

Thedevelopmentofeducation,rangingfrompreschooleducationtovocationaleducationinruralareas,willbeapriorityofthecountry’soveralldevelopmentprograms.

The22-chapterplansayspreschooleducationshouldbasicallybeuniversalby2020,andnine-yearcompulsoryeducationpolicyshouldbeconsolidated.Theenrolmentrateforseniormiddleschoolshouldbe90percentofschoolagechildren,whiletheenrolmentrateforhighereducationshouldbe40percentofhighschoolgraduates.

ThekeyforChinatobuildworld-leveluniversitiesliesinauthorizingtheeducators,studentsandsocietytoassessthequalityofeducation,allowingprofessorstoconductacademicresearchwithfullfreedomandempoweringstudentstoparticipateinuniversityadministration.

【答案】【參考譯文】對許多中國人而言，2011年初有望進(jìn)行新一輪教育改革，通過增加政府投資、縮小城鄉(xiāng)差距、取得國際承認(rèn)的高等教育、減少學(xué)術(shù)腐敗和官僚主義，來實(shí)現(xiàn)中國的教育質(zhì)量的提高。

根據(jù)這個(gè)具有里程碑意義的改革計(jì)劃，政府支持教育部門的投資將會(huì)穩(wěn)步增加，到2012年，教育經(jīng)費(fèi)將總計(jì)達(dá)到國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的百分之四。

中國在1993年首次承諾將教育經(jīng)費(fèi)增加至國內(nèi)成產(chǎn)總值的百分之四，但到目前為止還沒有達(dá)到該目標(biāo)。這個(gè)耗費(fèi)了一年又九個(gè)月時(shí)間來起草并在兩個(gè)單獨(dú)場合邀請公眾提供意見的計(jì)劃，被視為為長期遭受資金短缺的城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展不平衡的教育部門的發(fā)展奠定了基礎(chǔ)。

農(nóng)村地區(qū)從學(xué)前教育到職業(yè)教育的教育發(fā)展將是我國整體發(fā)展規(guī)劃中的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)。

這個(gè)有二十二個(gè)章節(jié)的計(jì)劃稱，學(xué)前教育到2020年時(shí)應(yīng)該基本普及且九年義務(wù)教育政策應(yīng)該被鞏固。高中的升學(xué)率應(yīng)該是兒童的90%，而高等教育的升學(xué)率應(yīng)該是高中畢業(yè)生的40%。

中國建設(shè)世界級大學(xué)的關(guān)鍵在于授權(quán)教育工作者、學(xué)生和社會(huì)去評估教學(xué)質(zhì)量，允許教授自由進(jìn)行學(xué)術(shù)研究，允許學(xué)生參加大學(xué)的管理。

9.單選題

EnglishisthedominantlanguageinHawaii,butitisinfusedwithHawaiianwords,phrasesandpidginslang.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.included

B.affected

C.filled

D.spoiled

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.included包括，包含B.affected影響

C.filled（使）充滿，裝滿D.spoiled破壞，搞壞，毀掉

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】infused的意思為“使具有，注入（某特性）”，這里指夏威夷主要講英語，但在英語中有非常多的夏威夷詞匯、短語和洋涇浜俚語，filled與之詞義相近，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D選項(xiàng)詞義與之不符。

【句意】英語是夏威夷的主導(dǎo)語言，但它滿是夏威夷詞匯、短語和洋涇浜俚語。

10.單選題

Consumersdeprivedoftheinformationandadvicetheyneededwerequitesimply（

）everycheatinthemarketplace.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inlieuof

B.forthepriceof

C.bycourtesyof

D.atthemercyof

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)inlieuof“代替”；B選項(xiàng)forthepriceof“以……為代價(jià)”；C選項(xiàng)bycourtesyof“由于……的作用，蒙……的好意”；D選項(xiàng)atthemercyof“完全由……支配，任由……擺布”。由“Consumersdeprivedoftheinformationandadvicetheyneeded（不了解他們需要的信息和建議的消費(fèi)者）”和“cheatinthemarketplace（市場上的欺詐）”可知D選項(xiàng)符合邏輯搭配。句意：不了解他們需要的信息和建議的消費(fèi)者，只能任由市場上的騙子擺布。

11.單選題

Indeed,almosteveryscientistnowfindsitisimpossibletoreadalltheworksrelevanttohisownsubject,______extensivelyoutsideofit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.muchmoretoread

B.muchlesstoread

C.muchlessreading

D.stillmorereading

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.muchmoretoread要讀得更多

B.muchlesstoread更不用說去讀

C.muchlessreading更不用說讀D.stillmorereading仍然更多的閱讀

【考查點(diǎn)】比較級的用法。

【解題思路】句子中謂語動(dòng)詞find的真正賓語是toread…，所以比較成分中同樣要用to的不定式；而muchless為常見用法，表示“更不用說”，符合句子意思。故該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)不符合句子意思，與主句語意相矛盾；

C、D選項(xiàng)中的reading和主句中賓語成分結(jié)構(gòu)不對等。

【句意】事實(shí)上，幾乎每一位科學(xué)家現(xiàn)在都發(fā)現(xiàn)，要讀完與自己學(xué)科相關(guān)的所有著作是不可能的，更不用說廣泛閱讀學(xué)科之外的著作了。

12.單選題

Schoolchildrenoughttobe（）totheirparentsandteachers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.alien

B.transient

C.obedient

D.current

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)alien“外國的；相異的”；B選項(xiàng)transient“短暫的；路過的”；C選項(xiàng)obedient“服從的；孝順的”；D選項(xiàng)current“現(xiàn)在的；最近的”。句意：學(xué)齡兒童應(yīng)該……父母和老師。句中主語是Schoolchildren，由關(guān)鍵信息totheirparentsandteachers“對其父母和老師”要服從。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

13.單選題

Itisusuallyagoodthingwhenadiscussionistakenfirmlybythehandandleddownfromtheheightsofto（

）thelevelgroundofhardfact.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ridiculousness

B.fantasy

C.audacity

D.mountaintops

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。ridiculousness“荒謬”；fantasy“幻想；幻覺”；audacity“厚顏無恥”；mountaintop“山頂”。句意：當(dāng)討論以務(wù)實(shí)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)姆绞竭M(jìn)行，并且從幻想的高崖下到事實(shí)的平地時(shí)，這通常是一件好事。空格處所填單詞應(yīng)與hardfact形成對比，故B項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

The（

）ofausefuldictionaryrequiresdedicationoftheauthorstoanunusualdegree.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.supposition

B.edition

C.compilation

D.construction

【答案】C

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)supposition“假定，推測”；B選項(xiàng)edition“版本”；C選項(xiàng)compilation“編譯，編輯”；D選項(xiàng)construction“建設(shè)”。句意：編輯一本有用的詞典需要作者達(dá)到不同尋常程度的獻(xiàn)身精神。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

15.單選題

Publicgeneralhospitalsoriginatedinthealmshouseinfirmariesestablishedasearlyascolonialtimesbylocalgovernmentstocareforthepoor.Later,inthelateeighteenthandearlynineteenthcenturies,theinfirmaryseparatedfromthealmshouseandbecameanindependentinstitutionsupportedbylocaltaxmoney.Atthesametime,privatecharityhospitalsbegantodevelop.Bothprivateandpublichospitalsprovidedmainlyfoodandshelterfortheimpoverishedsick,sincetherewaslittlethatmedicinecouldactuallydotocureillness,andthemiddleclasswastreatedathomebyprivatephysicians.

Lateinthenineteenthcentury,theprivatecharityhospitalbegantryingtoattractmiddle-classpatients.Althoughthedepressionof1890stimulatedthegrowthofcharitableinstitutionsandanexpandingurbanpopulationbecamedependentonassistance,therewasadeclineinprivatecontributionstotheseorganizationswhichforcedthemtolooktolocalgovernmentforfinancialsupport.Sinceprivateinstitutionshadalsolostbenefactors;theybegantochargepatients.Inordertoattractmiddle-classpatients,privateinstitutionsprovidedservicesandamenitiesthatdistinguishedbetweenpayingandnon-payingpatientsandmadethehospitaladesirableplaceforprivatephysicianstotreattheirownpatients.Aspayingpatientsbecamemorenecessarytothesurvivaloftheprivatehospital,thepublichospitalsslowlybecametheonlyplaceforthepoortogettreatment.Bytheendofthenineteenthcentury,citieswerereimbursingprivatehospitalsfortheircareofindigentpatientsandthepublichospitalsremaineddependentonthetaxdollars.

Theadventofprivatehospitalhealthinsurance,whichprovidedmiddle-classpatientswiththepurchasingpowertopayforprivatehospitalservices,guaranteedtheprivatehospitalaregularsourceofincome.Privatehospitalsrestrictedthemselvestorevenue-generatingpatients,leavingthepublichospitalstocareforfilepoor.Althoughpublichospitalscontinuedtoprovideservicesforpatientswithcommunicablediseasesand-outpatientandemergencyservices,theBlueCrossplansdevelopedaroundtheneedsoftheprivatehospitalsandtheinpatientstheyserved.Thus,reimbursementforambulatorycarehasbeenminimalundermostBlueCrossplans,andprovisionofoutpatientcarehasnotbeenamajorfunctionoftheprivatehospital,inpartbecauseprivatepatientscanaffordtopayfortheservicesofprivatephysicians.Additionally,sinceWorldWarII，therehasbeenatremendousinfluxoffederalmoneyintoprivatemedicalschoolsandthehospitalsassociatedwiththem.Further,largeprivatemedicalcenterswithexpensiveresearchequipmentandprogramshaveattractedthebestadministrators,physicians,andresearchers.Asaresultofthegreaterresourcesavailabletotheprivatemedicalcenters,publichospitalshaveincreasingproblemsattractinghighlyqualifiedresearchandmedicalpersonnel.Withthemainstreamofhealthcarefirmlyestablishedintheprivatemedicalsector,thepublichospitalhasbecomea“dumpingground.”

56.Accordingtothepassage,theveryfirstprivatehospitals______.

57.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorbelievesthedifferencesthatcurrentlyexistbetweenpublicandprivatehospitalsareprimarilytheresultof______.

58.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostlogicaltopicfortheauthortointroduceinthenextparagraph?

59.Theauthor’sprimaryconcernisto______.

60.Theauthor’sattitudetowardpublichospitalscanbestbedescribedas______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.developedfromalmshouseinfirmaries

B.wereestablishedmainlytoservicethepoor

C.weresupportedbygovernmentrevenues

D.providedbettercarethanpublicinfirmaries

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.politicalconsiderations

B.legislativerequirements

C.economicfactors

D.ethicalconcerns

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Aplantoimprovethequalityofpublichospitals.

B.Ananalysisoftheprofitstructureofhealthinsurancecompanies.

C.Aproposaltoraisetaxesonthemiddleclass.

D.Adiscussionofrecentdevelopmentsinmedicaltechnology.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.describethefinancialstructureofthehealthcareindustry

B.demonstratetheimportanceofgovernmentsupportforhealth-careinstitutions

C.criticizewealthyinstitutionsforrefusingtoprovideservicestothepoor

D.identifythehistoricalcausesofthedivisionbetweenprivateandpublichospitals

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.contemptuousandprejudiced

B.enthusiasticandsupportive

C.apprehensiveanddistrustful

D.concernedandunderstanding

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】56.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“根據(jù)文章，最早的私立醫(yī)院……”。文章第一段說到Publicgeneralhospitalsoriginatedinthealmshouseinfirmariesestablishedasearlyascolonialtimesbylocalgovernmentstocareforthepoor.（公立綜合醫(yī)院起源于殖民地時(shí)期地方政府為照顧窮人而建立的救濟(jì)院醫(yī)務(wù)室），由此可知由救濟(jì)院醫(yī)務(wù)室發(fā)展來的是公立醫(yī)院，而不是私人醫(yī)院，所以A項(xiàng)“由救濟(jì)院醫(yī)務(wù)室發(fā)展而來”錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第一段最后一句Bothprivateandpublichospitalsprovidedmainlyfoodandshelterfortheimpoverishedsick（私立醫(yī)院和公立醫(yī)院主要為貧困病人提供食物和住所）可知，最開始公立醫(yī)院和私立醫(yī)院都是為窮人提供服務(wù)的，因此B項(xiàng)“主要是為窮人服務(wù)而建立的”符合題意；C項(xiàng)“由政府收入支持”文中未提及；D項(xiàng)“提供比公立醫(yī)院更好的護(hù)理”，最初的公立醫(yī)院和私立醫(yī)院都是為窮人服務(wù)，沒有好壞之分，因此D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故該題選B。

57.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“可以推斷，作者認(rèn)為目前公立醫(yī)院與私立醫(yī)院之間存在的差異，主要是由于……”。根據(jù)文章第二段Sinceprivateinstitutionshadalsolostbenefactors;theybegantochargepatients.Inordertoattractmiddle-classpatients,privateinstitutionsprovidedservicesandamenitiesthatdistinguishedbetweenpayingandnon-payingpatientsandmadethehospitaladesirableplaceforprivatephysicianstotreattheirownpatients.Aspayingpatientsbecamemorenecessarytothesurvivaloftheprivatehospital,thepublichospitalsslowlybecametheonlyplaceforthepoortogettreatment.Bytheendofthenineteenthcentury,citieswerereimbursingprivatehospitalsfortheircareofindigentpatientsandthepublichospitalsremaineddependentonthetaxdollars.（因?yàn)樗饺藱C(jī)構(gòu)也失去了捐助者；他們開始向病人收費(fèi)。為了吸引中產(chǎn)階級患者，私人機(jī)構(gòu)提供了區(qū)分付費(fèi)和非付費(fèi)患者的服務(wù)和設(shè)施，使醫(yī)院成為私人醫(yī)生治療自己患者的理想場所。隨著付費(fèi)病人對私立醫(yī)院的生存變得更加必要，公立醫(yī)院慢慢成為窮人獲得治療的唯一場所。到19世紀(jì)末，城市開始償還私立醫(yī)院對貧困病人的護(hù)理費(fèi)用，而公立醫(yī)院仍然依靠納稅人的錢），這一段詳細(xì)闡述了私立醫(yī)院是如何從不收費(fèi)到收費(fèi)，并且因?yàn)橘Y金的慢慢累積而變得更好，而公立醫(yī)院一直都依賴于政府的稅收，很難發(fā)展。所以這是經(jīng)濟(jì)因素導(dǎo)致兩者的差異，而不是政治，立法或者倫理原因。故A項(xiàng)“政治上的考慮”，B項(xiàng)“立法要求”和D項(xiàng)“倫理關(guān)懷”錯(cuò)誤，C項(xiàng)“經(jīng)濟(jì)因素”符合題意。故該題選C。

58.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“下面哪一項(xiàng)會(huì)是作者在下一段中引入的最符合邏輯的主題？”。文章最后兩句話說到Asaresultofthegreaterresourcesavailabletotheprivatemedicalcenters,publichospitalshaveincreasingproblemsattractinghighlyqualifiedresearchandmedicalpersonnel.Withthemainstreamofhealthcarefirmlyestablishedintheprivatemedicalsector,thepublichospitalhasbecomea“dumpingground.”（由于私人醫(yī)療中心擁有更多的資源，公立醫(yī)院在吸引高素質(zhì)的研究人員和醫(yī)務(wù)人員方面面臨越來越多的問題。隨著主流醫(yī)療保健在私營醫(yī)療部門的牢固建立，公立醫(yī)院已成為一個(gè)“垃圾場”），根據(jù)最后一段講述了公立醫(yī)院因?yàn)槿鄙儋Y金找不高素質(zhì)的醫(yī)療研究人員，導(dǎo)致其變成了一個(gè)垃圾場，根據(jù)邏輯推理，在接下來的文章中，作者極可能就此問題進(jìn)行分析，并給出如何改進(jìn)這一問題的方案，所以選擇A項(xiàng)“提高公立醫(yī)院質(zhì)量的計(jì)劃”；B項(xiàng)“健康保險(xiǎn)公司利潤結(jié)構(gòu)分析”，C項(xiàng)“提高中產(chǎn)階級稅收的提案”和D項(xiàng)“對醫(yī)學(xué)技術(shù)最近發(fā)展的討論”都與改善公立醫(yī)院無關(guān)。故該題選A。

59.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“作者主要關(guān)心的是什么”。全文作者一開始就講述了公立醫(yī)院與私立醫(yī)院的歷史發(fā)展與變化和直到今天各自如此不同的各種原因，所以D項(xiàng)“找出私立醫(yī)院和公立醫(yī)院分離的歷史原因”更能概括作者的意圖。A項(xiàng)“描述醫(yī)療保健行業(yè)的財(cái)務(wù)結(jié)構(gòu)”，過于片面，這只是說了私立醫(yī)院與公立醫(yī)院不同的一個(gè)方面，不夠全面，故不選；B項(xiàng)“證明政府支持保健機(jī)構(gòu)的重要性”，文中作者也沒有說過政府支持對醫(yī)院的重要性，所以B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；C項(xiàng)“批評富裕的機(jī)構(gòu)拒絕為窮人提供服務(wù)”，作者整個(gè)態(tài)度是中立的，并沒有批評哪一方面的意思，所以C項(xiàng)不選。故該題選D。

60.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】作者態(tài)度題。題干意思是“作者對公立醫(yī)院的態(tài)度最好的描述是什么”。作者在全文中對于公立醫(yī)院的來源于發(fā)展都是保持一種客觀描述的態(tài)度，對公立醫(yī)院今時(shí)今日的處境也表示理解與關(guān)心。所以選D項(xiàng)“關(guān)心和理解”更符合題意。文中作者并沒有表示任何輕蔑或是十分熱衷，所以A項(xiàng)“輕蔑和偏見”和B項(xiàng)“熱情和支持”均不選；C項(xiàng)“不安和不信任”，文中針對公立醫(yī)院的服務(wù)質(zhì)量作者沒有多做描述，不存在不信任或懷疑；因此該項(xiàng)也不選。故該題選D。

16.單選題

Agreatmanypeopleareoftenwillingtosacrificehigherpayforthe（

）ofbecomingwhitecollarworkers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.privilege

B.advantage

C.profit

D.preference

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。privilege“特權(quán)”；advantage“優(yōu)勢”；profit“利潤，利益”；preference“偏愛，傾向”。句意：很多人愿意為白領(lǐng)階層的優(yōu)越性而放棄更高的工資。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

17.單選題

Afterhavingdiscussedthematterwiththebankmanger,Peter（）receivedhisIoan.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.instantly

B.instinctively

C.causally

D.inexpertly

【答案】A

【解析】句意:在與銀行經(jīng)理討論這件事后，Peter即刻就得到了貸款。

考查副詞辨析。instantly立刻，立即，馬上；instinctively本能地；causally隨便地，偶然地，臨吋地；inexpertly外行地，不熟練地。因此A符合句意。

18.寫作題

Writeanessayinnolessthan200wordswiththetitle“TheRiseofIntellectualPropertyProtection”.

【答案】TheRiseofIntellectualPropertyProtection19.單選題

ThetrainwaswhirlingonwardwithsuchdignityofmotionthataglancefromthewindowseemedsimplytoprovethatplainsofTexaswerepouringeastward.（1）

.

AnewlymarriedpairhadboardedthiscoachatSanAntonio.Theman'sfacewasreddenedfrommanydaysinthewindandsun,andadirectresultofhisnewblackclotheswasthathisbrick-coloredhandswereconstantlyperforminginamostconsciousfashion.Fromtimetotimehelookeddownrespectfullyathisattire.Hesatwithahandoneachknee,likeamanwaitinginabarber'sshop.（2）

.

Thebridewasnotpretty,norwassheveryyoung.Sheworeadressofbluecashmere,withsmallreservationsofvelvethereandthere,andwithsteelbuttonsabounding.Shecontinuallytwistedherheadtoregardherpuffsleeves,verystiff,andhigh.Theyembarrassedher.Itwasquiteapparentthatshehadcooked,andthatsheexpectedtocook,dutifully.Theblushescausedbythecarelessscrutinyofsomepassengersasshehadenteredthecarwerestrangetoseeuponthisplain,under-classcountenance,whichwasdrawninplacid,almostemotionlesslines.

Theywereevidentlyveryhappy."Everbeeninaparlor-carbefore?"heasked,smilingwithdelight.

"No,"sheanswered;"Ineverwas.It'sfine,ain'tit?"

"Great!Andthenafterawhilewe'llgoforwardtothedinner,andgetabiglay-out.Freshmealintheworld.Chargeadollar."

"Oh,dothey?"criedthebride."Chargeadollar?Why,that'stoomuch—forus—ain'tit,Jack?"

"Northistrip,anyhow,"heansweredbravely."We'regoingtogothewholething."

Laterheexplainedtoheraboutthetrains."Yousee,it'sathousandmilesfromoneendofTexastotheother;andthisrunsrightacrossit,andneverstopsbutfourtimes.”Hehadtheprideofanowner.Hepointedouttoherthedazzlingfittingsofthecoach;andintruthhereyesopenedwiderandshecontemplatedthesea-greenfiguredvelvet,theshiningbrass,silver,andglass,thewoodthatgleamedasdarklybrilliantasthesurfaceofapoolofoil.Atoneendabronzefiguresturdilyheldasupportforaseparatedchamber,andatconvenientplacesontheceilingwerefrescosinoliveandsilver.

Tothemindsofthepair,theirsurroundingsreflectedthegloryoftheirmarriagethatmorninginSanAntonio;thiswastheenvironmentoftheirnewestate;andtheman'sfaceinparticularbeamedwithanelationthatmadehimappearridiculoustotheNegroporter.Thisindividualattimessurveyedthemfromafarwithanamusedandsuperiorgrin.Onotheroccasionshebulliedthemwithskillinwaysthatdidnotmakeitexactlyplaintothemthattheywerebeingbullied.Hesubtlyusedallthemannersofthemostunconquerablekindofsnobbery.Heoppressedthem.Butofthisoppressiontheyhadsmallknowledge,andtheyspeedilyforgotthatinfrequentlyanumberoftravelerscoveredthemwithstaresofderisiveenjoyment.（3）

.

"WearedueinYellowSkyat3:42,"hesaid,lookingtenderlyintohereyes.

"Oh,arewe?"shesaid,asifshehadnotbeenawareofit.Toevincesurpriseatherhusband'sstatementwaspartofherwifelyamiability.Shetookfromapocketalittlesilverwatch;andasshehelditbeforeher,andstaredatitwithafrownofattention,thenewhusband'sfaceshone.

"IboughtitinSanAnton'fromafriendofmine,"hetoldhergleefully.

"It'sseventeenminutespasttwelve,"shesaid,lookingupathimwithakindofshyandclumsycoquetry.（4）

.

Atlasttheywenttothedining-car.TworowsofNegrowaiters,inglowingwhitesuits,surveyedtheirentrancewiththeinterest,andalsotheequanimity,ofmenwhohadbeenforewarned.Thepairfelltothelotofawaiterwhohappenedtofeelpleasureinsteeringthemthroughtheirmeal.Heviewedthemwiththemannerofafatherlypilot,hiscountenanceradiantwithbenevolence.

（5）

.

Andyet,astheyreturnedtotheircoach,theyshowedintheirfacesasenseofescape.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theglanceshedevotedtootherpassengerswerefurtiveandshy.

B.Apassenger,notingthisplay,grewexcessivelysardonic,andwinkedathimselfinoneofthenumerousmirrors.

C.Presentlyitwasapparentthat,asthedistancefromYellowSkygrewshorter,thehusbandbecamecommensuratelyrestless.

D.Totheleft,milesdownalongpurpleslope,wasali