考研考博-英語-上海海事大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-上海海事大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Theboyslippedoutoftheroomandheadedfortheswimmingpoolwithouthisparents’（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.command

B.conviction

C.consent

D.compromise

【答案】C

【解析】根據(jù)句意可知，這里指男孩未經(jīng)父母的允許，consent指同意，贊成，答應(yīng)；選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

2.單選題

Thepilotmadealast（frantic）distresscallbeforehebailedout.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.urgent

B.desperate

C.routine

D.futile

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)urgent“緊急的”；B選項(xiàng)desperate“絕望的”；C選項(xiàng)routine“常規(guī)的”；D選項(xiàng)futile“無效的”。句意：飛行員在跳傘前發(fā)出了最后一個(gè)絕望的求救信號。劃線部分frantic是絕望的意思。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

AtdawnonSeptember5th,1972,abandof“BlackSeptember”ArabguerrillasbrokeintotheIsraelibuildingintheOlympicvillagenearMunichwhere10,000athleteswerestaying.Over250plainclothespolicehadbeenbroughtintothevillage,followingatip-offtroubleahead,butnoneofthemsawtheArabsscalethefence.TheyburstintotheIsraelibuildingwithsubmachinegunsblazingat5:10am.SomeIsraeliathletesescapedthroughthewindowsandsidedoors.Nineweretakenhostage.Theguerrillasdemandedthereleaseof200PalestiniansheldinIsraelijailsandasafepassageoutofGermany.WithinhourstheOlympicvillagewassurroundedby13,000police.TheOlympicGamesweresuspended.Aftersomenegotiations,theterroristsweretoldtheywouldbeflownwiththeirhostagestoanArabcountry.TheyweretakenbyhelicoptertotheFurstenfieldmilitaryairport25milesfromMunich.JustbeforemidnighttheguerrillasandtheirhostagesbegantowalkacrossthetarmactoawaitingBoeing727aircraft.SuddenlyalltheairportlightswereturnedoutandGermanpolicesharpshootersopenedfire.Therescueattemptfailedtragically.Inthegunbattleallninehostages,werekilled,aswellasfourArabsandonepoliceman.ThreeArabswerecapturedandoneescapedintothenearbywoods.Onthe8th，IsraeliplanesbombedtenguerrillabasesinrevengeforMunichmassacre.

1.ThemostpossiblereasonforIsraeliathletesbeingattackedandkidnappedisthat（

）.

2.Whenthetroubletookplace,theOlympicGames（

）.

3.Theterroristsweretoldthattheywouldbeprobablysentbyairto

（

）.

4.HowmanyArabswerethereasterrorists?

5.WhatdoyouthinkPalestineandIsraelwouldactnext?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theyhadaconflictwiththeArabguerrillas

B.theArabguerrillaswantedtosavethePalestiniansheldinIsraelijails.

C.theGermanGovernmenthatedIsrael

D.theArabguerrillashopedtogetalargesumofmoney

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.werecompleted

B.weregoingon

C.weretobefinished

D.weretotakeplace

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Italy

B.India

C.Syria

D.Nigeria

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Seven

B.Eight

C.Nine

D.Itwasn’tmentioned

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theywouldbeginanotherconflict.

B.Theywouldbegintonegotiate

C.Theywouldtrytoimproveeachother’srelation

D.TheywouldturntoUN.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章指出：Theguerrillasdemandedthereleaseof200PalestiniansheldinIsraelijailsandasafepassageoutofGermany（這些游擊隊(duì)員要求釋放被關(guān)押在以色列監(jiān)獄的200名巴勒斯坦人并安全地離開德國），因此B項(xiàng)“這些阿拉伯游擊隊(duì)員想解救被關(guān)押在以色列監(jiān)獄的巴勒斯坦人”正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文中“TheOlympicGamesweresuspended（奧運(yùn)會(huì)被暫停）”可知當(dāng)時(shí)奧運(yùn)會(huì)正在進(jìn)行。故選B。

3.判斷推理題。文章指出：Aftersomenegotiations,theterroristsweretoldtheywouldbeflownwiththeirhostagestoanArabcountry（經(jīng)過一些協(xié)商，恐怖分子們被告知他們和其人質(zhì)將被用飛機(jī)送到一個(gè)阿拉伯國家），四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有C項(xiàng)“敘利亞”屬于阿拉伯國家。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文中指出：Inthegunbattleallninehostageswerekilled,aswellasfourArabsandonepoliceman.ThreeArabswerecapturedandoneescapedintothenearbywoods(槍戰(zhàn)中9名人質(zhì)全被打死，4名阿拉伯恐怖分子和一名警察也被殺。三名阿拉伯恐怖分子被捕，其中一名阿拉伯恐怖分子逃入附近的樹林）。因此槍戰(zhàn)中一共8個(gè)阿拉伯恐怖分子。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章指出：Onthe8th,IsraeliplanesbombedtenguerrillabasesinrevengeforMunichmassacre（8號，以色列的飛機(jī)轟炸了10個(gè)游擊隊(duì)基地來報(bào)復(fù)慕尼黑的屠殺）。因此推測A項(xiàng)“他們將開始另外一場沖突”正確。

4.單選題

Forsomewomen,homemakingis______tohavingacareer,forothers,raisingafamilyandtakingcareoftheirhomesisthemostgratifyingoflife’scallings.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.slavish

B.fawning

C.subservient

D.subordinate

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)slavish表示“奴隸的，奴性的，卑屈的”，B項(xiàng)fawning表示“奉承的，恭維的，討好的”，指通過諂媚和奉承來獲得注意和贊賞，C項(xiàng)subservient表示“屈從的，奉承的，恭順的”，指某人非常愿意服從別人，D項(xiàng)subordinate表示“從屬的，隸屬的，次要的”。句意：對于一些女性來說，家政是比事業(yè)更重要的事情，而對于另一些女性來說，養(yǎng)家和照顧家庭是生活中最令人滿足的召喚。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Ournewfirm（）foracredible,aggressiveindividualwithgreatskillstofillthisposition.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.havelooked

B.arelooking

C.islooking

D.look

【答案】C

【解析】句意：我們的新公司正在尋找一個(gè)可靠的、有進(jìn)取心的、有很強(qiáng)技能的人來填補(bǔ)這個(gè)職位。填空處應(yīng)填入單數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞，選項(xiàng)C符合語境。

6.單選題

Thetoneofthearticle（）thewriter'smoodatthetime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.reproduced

B.reflected

C.imagined

D.imitated

【答案】B

【解析】句意:這篇文章的語氣反映了這位作者當(dāng)時(shí)的情緒。、

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為對應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的過去式。reproduce復(fù)制，再生，生殖；reflect反映，反射；imagine想像，猜想，臆斷；imitate模仿，仿造?？崭裉巹?dòng)詞的賓語為thewriter'smood(作者的情緒),因此B符合句意。

7.單選題

InhistypicallyAmericanopenstyleofcommunication,Mr.HayesconfrontedIsabetaaboutnotlookingathim.Reluctantly,sheexplainedwhy.AsanewcomerfromMexico,shehadbeentaughttoavoideyecontactasamarkofrespecttoauthorityfigures,teachers,employers,parents.Mr.Hayesdidnotknowthis.HetheninformedherthatmostAmericansinterpretlackofeyecontactasdisrespectanddeviousness.Ultimately,heconvincedIsabelatotryandchangeherhabit,whichsheslowlydid.

PeoplefrommanyAsian,LatinAmerican,andCaribbeanculturesalsoavoideyecontactasasignofrespect.ManyAfricanAmericans,especiallyfromtheSouth,observethiscustom,too.Amaster’sthesisbySamuelAvoian,agraduatestudentatCentralMissouriStateUniversity,tellshowmisinterpretingeye-contactcustomscanhaveanegativeimpactwhenwhitefootballcoachesrecruitAfricanAmericanplayersfortheteams.

Hereportsthat,whenspeaking,whitecommunicatorsusuallylookawayfromthelistener,onlyperiodicallyglancingatthem.Theydotheoppositewhenlistening.Theyareexpectedtolookatthespeakerallthetime.

ManyAfricanAmericanscommunicateinanoppositeway.Whenspeaking,theytendtoconstantlystareatthelistener;whenlistening,theymostlylookaway.Therefore,ifwhitesportsrecruitersarenotinformedaboutthesesignificantdifferences,theycanbemisledaboutinterestandattentivenesswheninterviewingprospectiveAfricanAmericanballplayers.

InmulticulturalAmerica,issuesofeyecontacthavebroughtaboutsocialconflictsoftwodifferentkindsinmanyurbancenters,non-KoreancustomersbecameangrywhenKoreanshopkeepersdidnotlookatthemdirectly.Thecustomerstranslatedthelackofeyecontactasasignofdisrespect,ahabitblamedforcontributingtotheopenconfrontationtakingplacebetweensomeAsiansandAfricanAmericansinNewYork,Texas,andCalifornia.ManyteacherstoohaveprovidedstoriesaboutclassroomconflictsbasedontheirmisunderstandingAsianandLatinAmericanchildrenlackofeyecontactasbeingdisrespectful.

Ontheotherhand,directeyecontacthasnowtakenonanewmeaningamongtheyoungergenerationandacrossethnicborders.Particularlyinurbancenters,whenoneteenagerlooksdirectlyatanother,thisisconsideredaprovocation,sometimescalledmad-dogging,andcanleadtophysicalconflict.

Mad-dogginghasbecomethesourceofmanycampusconflicts.Inonehighschool,itresultedinafightbetweenCambodiannewcomersandAfrican-Americanstudents.TheCambodianshadbeenstaringattheotherstudentsmerelytolearnhowAmericansbehave,yettheothersmisinterpretedtheCambodians’intentionsandthefightbegan.

Mad-doggingseemstobeconnectedwiththeavoidanceofeyecontactasasignofrespect.Thus,intheurbancontemporaryyouthscene,ifonelooksdirectlyatanother,thisdisrespects,or“disses,”thatperson.Muchlikethearchaicphrase“Idemandsatisfaction,”whichbecametheoverturetoaduel.Mad-doggingmaybecomeapreludetoaphysicalencounter.

AttheentrancestoUniversalStudio’s“CityWalk”attractioninLosAngeles,theyhavepostedCodeofConductsigns.Thesecondrulewarnsagainst“physicallyoverballythreateninganyperson,fighting,annoyingothersthroughnoisyorboisterousactivitiesorbyunnecessarystaring...”

1.ManyAfricanAmericansfromtheSouth（）.

2.Whenlisteningtotheothers,whitecommunicatorstendto（）.

3.ManycustomersinAmericancitiesareangrywithKoreanshopkeepersbecause（）.

4.Mad-doggingrefersto（）.

5.Thearchaicphrase,“Idemandsatisfaction”（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.adoptatypicallyAmericanopenstyleofcommunication

B.oftenmisinterpretthemeaningofeyecontact

C.avoideyecontactasasignofrespect

D.aretaughttoavoideyecontactwhenevertellingtotheothers

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.lookatthespeakerallthetime

B.glanceatthespeakerperiodically

C.lookawayfromthespeaker

D.stareatthespeaker

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Koreanshopkeepersdonotlookatthemdirectly

B.theyexpectamoreenthusiasticreflectionfromtheshopkeepers

C.therearesomesocialconflictsinmanyurbancenters

D.theyarenotinformedaboutdifferencebetweencultures

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.aprovocationfromoneteenagertoanotherofadifferentethnicbackground

B.physicalconflictamongtheyoungergenerationinurbancenters

C.alackofeyecontactasasignofrespect

D.thesourceofmanycampusconflictsacrossethnicbordersinurbancenters

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.wasconnectedwiththeavoidanceofeyecontact

B.oftenledtoafight

C.wasasignofdisrespect

D.oftenresultedinsomekindofmisinterpretation

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“AfricanAmericans,fromtheSouth”定位到第二段第二句“ManyAfricanAmericans,especiallyfromtheSouth,observethiscustom,too.”這里的“custom”即上一句提到的“avoideyecontactasasignofrespect.”選項(xiàng)C與原文描述一致。

2.根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，白人在說話時(shí)通常會(huì)把目光從聽眾身上移開，只是偶爾瞥一眼他們。他們在聽的時(shí)候卻恰恰相反，會(huì)一直看著說話者。所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第五段的第一句“InmulticulturalAmerica...non-KoreancustomersbecameangrywhenKoreanshopkeepersdidnotlookatthemdirectly.”可知，在美國非韓裔的顧客對韓國店主感到很生氣是因?yàn)榈曛鳑]有直視他們，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

4.這里是考查“mad-dogging”的定義。根據(jù)第六段的內(nèi)容，在年輕一代和跨種族之間，直接的目光接觸現(xiàn)在有了新的含義。當(dāng)一個(gè)青少年直視另一個(gè)青少年時(shí)，這被認(rèn)為是一種挑釁，有時(shí)也被稱為“mad-dogging”。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

5.根據(jù)原文“Muchlikethearchaicphrase'Idemandsatisfaction,'whichbecametheoverturetoaduel.”“Idemandsatisfaction,”成為決斗的序曲。也就是說，會(huì)導(dǎo)致爭斗。選項(xiàng)B正確。

8.單選題

Asanimportantpartofpolicestrategy,rapidpoliceresponseisseenbypoliceofficersandthepublic（

）asofferingtremendousbenefits.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.similarly

B.thesame

C.alike

D.likewise

【答案】C

【解析】考查近義詞。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均有“相似地，相同地”意思，根據(jù)句意“警察和民眾都認(rèn)為警察快速反應(yīng)機(jī)制將會(huì)帶來巨大利益”，在句中，as與seen搭配，表示“被看作”的意思，因此空格處應(yīng)該填入形容詞，其中A與D為副詞，不符合題意。Asthesame雖然可以搭配，但是不符合句子結(jié)構(gòu)，所以選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

9.單選題

Theevilmannerswouldbe（

）rootandbranchduetotheforcefulactiontakenbythelocalgovernment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exterminated

B.exemplified

C.facilitated

D.emitted

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:由于地方政府的強(qiáng)力措施，壞習(xí)慣會(huì)終究被根除。

exterminate消滅；根除。exemplify例證；例示。facilitate促進(jìn)；幫助；使容易。emit發(fā)出，放射；發(fā)行；發(fā)表。

10.單選題

ThousandsofMedicarepatientswithchronicmedicalconditionshavebeenwrongly（）accesstonecessarycare.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.grudged

B.denied

C.negated

D.invalidated

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。grudge“懷恨”；deny“否認(rèn)，拒絕”；negate“否認(rèn)，無效”，比較正式；invalidate“使無效”。句意：成千上萬患有長期慢性病的醫(yī)保病人沒有得到正確的必要治療。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

11.單選題

Mycatisafussyeater,butmydogisso（）thatshe’llswallowdownanythingthatisputinfrontofher.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.indiscriminate

B.choosy

C.indefinite

D.picky

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)indiscriminate“不加選擇的”；B選項(xiàng)choosy“好挑剔的”；C選項(xiàng)indefinite“不確定的，無限的”；D選項(xiàng)picky“挑剔的”。句意：我的貓很挑食，但我的狗卻不加選擇地吃任何擺在她面前的東西。根據(jù)句意可知，填空處應(yīng)填入一個(gè)和fussy（愛挑剔的）意思相反的單詞，所以選項(xiàng)A符合語境。

12.單選題

Theirfindingsareconsistentwithsomeoftheestablishedtheoriesonlongevity.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.compatible

B.coherent

C.compact

D.competent

【答案】B

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。consistent表示“一致的”。A項(xiàng)compatible“兼容的，能共處的”，B項(xiàng)coherent“連貫的，一致的”，C項(xiàng)compact“緊湊的，堅(jiān)實(shí)的”，D項(xiàng)competent“勝任的，有能力的”；句意：他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)與一些關(guān)于長壽的既定理論相一致。根據(jù)句意該題選B。

13.單選題

Thistransformationismarkedbyseveraldevelopments.Almostallthemajorarmedconflictsintheworldtodayareinternal,thereareunfoldingwithin（1）boundariesandtypicallyarebeingfoughtbymultiplesemi-autonomousarmedgroups.Theseconflictsare（2）byaparticularbrandoflawlessness,crueltyandchaos.Inparticular,theyaredefinedbythesystematicandwidespreadtargetingofcivilian（3）.（4）thesesituations,warringpartiesroutinelyignoreinternationalhumanitarianlaw,whichhastraditionallymoderated,ifnotgoverned,theconductofinter-state（5）.

Theseconflictstendtobeprotracted,lasting（6）ifnotdecades,ofteninrecurring（7）,thusexposingsuccessivegenera（8）soldiers.Anotherfeatureoftheseconflictsistheproliferationoflight-weight（9）thatareeasilyassembledandbornebychildren.Moreoverthe（10）useofanti-personnellandmineshasexacerbatedthevulnerabilityofchildreninthesesituations.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.national

B.international

C.external

D.internal

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.named

B.characterized

C.labeled

D.called

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.peoples

B.person

C.men

D.populations

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Under

B.On

C.In

D.With

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.wars

B.battles

C.fights

D.disputes

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.months

B.years

C.hours

D.days

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.recycles

B.circles

C.cycles

D.loops

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.infant

B.baby

C.children

D.child

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.guns

B.weapons

C.pistols

D.rifles

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.indiscriminate

B.discriminate

C.discriminating

D.discriminated

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:D

第6題:B

第7題:C

第8題:C

第9題:B

第10題:A

【解析】1.考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)national表示“國家的”，B選項(xiàng)international表示“國際的，世界的”，C選項(xiàng)external表示“外部的，外面的”，D選項(xiàng)internal表示“內(nèi)部的，國內(nèi)的”。根據(jù)Almostallthemajorarmedconflictsintheworldtodayareinternal可知“當(dāng)今世界，幾乎所有主要的武裝沖突都是內(nèi)部的”可知，這些沖突不會(huì)逾越國家的范疇，因此withinnationalboundaries符合上下文，故本題正確答案為A。

2.考查固定搭配。詞組becharacterizedby表示“具有……的特性；以……為特征”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有B選項(xiàng)可以與by構(gòu)成搭配，故本題正確答案為B。

3.考查名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)句意，空缺處應(yīng)填入表示“人們”的名詞且應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)，故排除peoples（民族）和表示單數(shù)的person（人）。populations意為各地人口，表示一個(gè)群體，比一般意義的men更符合上下文語義，因此本題正確答案選D。

4.考查固定搭配。詞組underthesesituations表示“在這種情形下”。

5.考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)wars表示“戰(zhàn)爭”，是總稱，一般包括多個(gè)大規(guī)模戰(zhàn)役；B選項(xiàng)battles表示“戰(zhàn)爭，競爭，搏斗”，側(cè)重某一次具體全面的戰(zhàn)斗；C選項(xiàng)fights表示“打架，斗爭”，側(cè)重描述戰(zhàn)爭的動(dòng)作；D選項(xiàng)disputes表示“爭論，爭端”，側(cè)重意見有分歧。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中disputes“爭端”范圍最廣。因此，本題正確答案為D項(xiàng)。

6.考查邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)句中關(guān)鍵信息decades“數(shù)十年”可知空缺處填years最符合句意。故本題正確答案為B項(xiàng)。

7.考查固定搭配。分析空缺處句子可知，inrecurring是方式狀語，A選項(xiàng)recycles表示“回收，循環(huán)利用”，B選項(xiàng)circles表示“圓，循環(huán)”，C選項(xiàng)cycles表示“周期，循環(huán)”，D選項(xiàng)loops表示“環(huán)形，環(huán)狀結(jié)構(gòu)”。只有C選項(xiàng)可以與in構(gòu)成詞組incycles，表示“周期性地（發(fā)生）”，而inrecurringcycles表示“重復(fù)周期性地（發(fā)生）”。因此，本題正確答案為C項(xiàng)。

8.考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)?？杖碧幪钊氲拿~作soldiers的定語，soldiers為復(fù)數(shù)，所以修飾部分的名詞也用復(fù)數(shù)，childrensoldiers表示“童子軍”。因此，本題正確答案為C項(xiàng)。

9.考查名詞詞義辨析?？杖碧幪钊氲拿~被light-weight（輕型的）所修飾。A選項(xiàng)guns表示“槍，炮”，B選項(xiàng)weapons表示“武器”，C選項(xiàng)pistols表示“手槍”，D選項(xiàng)rifles表示“步槍”。根據(jù)上下文可知，此處并不能確定使用的是哪種槍支，故選擇weapons“武器”表示的范圍最廣。因此，本題正確答案為B項(xiàng)。

10.考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)indiscriminate表示“任意的，無差別的，不分青紅皂白的”；B選項(xiàng)discriminate表示“v.區(qū)別，辨別”；C選項(xiàng)discriminating表示“不公平對待的，有辨識的”；D選項(xiàng)discriminated表示“受歧視的”。根據(jù)句中關(guān)鍵信息hasexacerbatedthevulnerabilityofchildren（加劇了兒童的脆弱性）可知，空缺處選擇A項(xiàng)最符合句意。因此，本題正確答案為A項(xiàng)。

14.單選題

InBritainpeople（）fourmilliontonsofpotatoeseveryyear.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.swallow

B.dispose

C.consume

D.exhaust

【答案】C

【解析】句意:在英國，人們每年消耗四百萬噸土豆。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。swallow忍受;吞沒;dispose處理;處置;安排；consume消耗；消費(fèi);exhaust耗盡;排出?？崭裉巹?dòng)詞的賓語是potatoes(土豆)，因此C項(xiàng)符合句意。

15.單選題

It’sthebrinybrothofourorigins,thepoundingcirculatorysystemoftheworld,a（

）molecularedgeonwhichwesurvive.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.integrated

B.precarious

C.solid

D.collided

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。integrated綜合的，完整的；precarious不穩(wěn)定的，危險(xiǎn)的；solid結(jié)實(shí)的；collided碰撞的。句意：生命起源于海洋，海洋是地球循環(huán)系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵一環(huán)，這些不穩(wěn)定的小分子是我們生存的基礎(chǔ)。根據(jù)句意可知B項(xiàng)符合題意。

16.翻譯題

PassageOne

Abeachedwhaleisawhalewhichhasbecomestrandedonland,usuallyonabeach.Beachingisoftenfatalforwhales,astheybecomedehydratedanddie.Whaleshavebeenfoundbeachedthroughouthumanhistoryandsomanystandingscanbeattributedtonaturalandenvironmentalfactors.Therecouldbemanynaturalreasonslikeroughweather,weaknessduetooldageorinfection,difficultygivingbirth,huntingtooclosetoshoreandnavigationalmistakes.Asinglestrandedanimalcanprompttheentirepodtorespondtoitsdistresssignalsandbecomestranded.In2004,scientistsattheUniversityofTasmaniafoundalinkbetweenwhalestandingsandtheweather.ItishypothesizedthatwhencoolAntarcticwatersrichinsquidandfishflownorth,whalesfollowtheirpreyclosertowardslandmakingthemmorepronetostranding.Insomecasespredators(suchaskillerwhales)havebeenknowntopanicwhales,herdingthemtowardstheshoreline.Strandingscanbegroupedintoseveraldifferenttypes.Themostobviousdistinctionsarebetweensingleandmultiplestandings.Singlelivestrandingsareoftentheresultofanillnessorinjury,whichwouldalmostinevitablyendindeathunlessapasser-byknowshowtoreact.

Multiplestrandingsofdeadanimalsinonelocalityarerareandoftencauseagreatdealofmediacoverageaswellasrescueeffortsbysympathetichumans.Evenmultipleoffshoredeathsareunlikelytoleadtomultiplestrandingsduetothevariablewindsandcurrentsscatteringtheanimalsacrossthesea.Akeyfactorinmanyofthesecasesappearstobethestrongsocialcohesionamongsttoothedwhales.Ifonewhalegetsintotrouble,itsdistresscallsmayprompttherestofthegrouptofollowandbecomebeachedthemselves.Thereisnodefinitivespecificcauseformassstrandings.Insteadtheymayhappenduetonumerousfactorsthatcanactincombination.Manyhavebeenproposed,withsomeseekingtoexplainonlyasubsetofcases;however,theyaredifficulttoproveconclusivelyandaresometimescontroversial.

PassageTwo

Itisatruthuniversallyacknowledged,thatasinglemaninpossessionofagoodfortune,mustbeinwantofaJaguarXK4.2-S.Somight“PrideandPrejudice”havestartedhadJaneAusten,whowaspaid￡110(￡3,200,or$5,700,intoday’smoney)foroneofthebestsellingnovelsever,beenluckyenoughtoliveinanerawhichofferedthemutuallybeneficialpartnershipbetweencreativetalentandcommercialsponsorshipknownasproductplacement.

Seehowswiftlytheherorunsinhisflashnewtrainers?Noticehowluxuriantlytheshowergelfoamsontheheroine’sback?That’sprobablybecausethecompaniesthatmakethoseproductshavepaidtheproducersofthoseprogramsfatfeestoportraytheirwaresnicely.Productplacement,whichgavebirthtotheoriginalsoapoperascreatedtosellwashingpowders,isback.

Digitaltechnologyisthereason.Viewerscannoweffortlesslyskiptheads,sobroadcastersandthecompaniesthatusedtobuyairtimeforcommercialsaretryingtofindbetterwaystocatchpeople’sattention.Productplacementisonepromisingoption,butitiscontroversial.ItisallowedinAmericabutmostlybannedintheEuropeanUnion.ConsumerorganizationsacrossEuropeopposetheintroductionofproductplacement,savingitwouldunderminetrustinbroadcasters.EuropeanproducersandbroadcasterscomplainthatthisisunfairbecausetheirAmericanrivalsbenefitfromasourceofincomedeniedtothem,andsenselessbecauseAmericanprogramsanywayappearonEuropeanscreens.TheEUisthereforeplanningtolegalizeproductplacement,buttheproposalfacessomeopposition,viewerswatchingads,saythecritics,arefairgamebecausetheyknowthey’rebeingsoldstuff.Whenthey’rewatchingprograms,bycontrast,theydon’trealizethatproductsarebeingpromoted.

Butifadvertisingthatslipsimperceptiblyintopeople’sbrainsweretobebanned,agreatdealofwhatgoesonnowwouldbeoutlawed.Afterall,driversspinningpastbillboardsdon’tnecessarilyconsciouslyclockthemessagethey’veseen;oftentheyfileitunconsciously—asyoubrowsingthroughthesepages,maywellabsorbthenotionthatanexpensivewatchoranewphonewillchangeyourlifeinsomevaguebutenticingway.Asforpeoplewhobelievetheliteraltruthofwhattheyseeinsoapoperas—well,noamountofregulationcanprotectthemfromthemselves.

Anyhow,governmentsdon’tneedtopoliceentertainmentcontent-producerswilldoitthemselves.WhenFayWeldon,anovelist,wroteabookforBulgari,ajewelrymanufacturer,afewyearsago,itwasnotwidelyviewedasaliterarygem.Neithershe,noranybodyelsewithareputationworthkeeping,hastriedthatagain.Whichisjustaswell:theworldwouldhavebeenapoorerplacehadMr.BingleybeenmoreinterestedinhisridethanintheBennetgirls.

Directions:Eachofthefollowingtwopassageshassomeunderlinedparts.TranslatetheunderlinedpartsintoChineseandwriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheet.

【答案】（1）【參考譯文】擱淺的鯨魚是擱淺在陸地（通常是在海灘上）的鯨魚。擱淺對鯨魚來說通常是致命的，因?yàn)樗鼈儠?huì)脫水死亡。在整個(gè)人類歷史中，鯨魚一直被發(fā)現(xiàn)擱淺，有很多擱淺是由于自然和環(huán)境因素。可能有許多自然原因，比如惡劣的天氣、年老或感染導(dǎo)致的身體虛弱、分娩困難、獵食離海岸太近以及導(dǎo)航錯(cuò)誤。

（2）【參考譯文】在一個(gè)地方多次擱淺死去的動(dòng)物是罕見的，經(jīng)常引起大量媒體報(bào)道和同情的人們的救援努力。由于多變的風(fēng)和洋流將這些動(dòng)物分散在海中，即使是多次離岸死亡也不太可能導(dǎo)致多次擱淺。其中一個(gè)關(guān)鍵因素就是齒鯨之間強(qiáng)大的社會(huì)凝聚力。如果一頭鯨魚遇到麻煩，它發(fā)出的求救信號可能會(huì)促使其他鯨魚跟隨并擱淺。

PassageTwo

（1）【參考譯文】看到男主穿著他的新運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋跑得有多快了嗎？注意到女主角背上的沐浴露泡沫有多豐富嗎？這可能是因?yàn)樯a(chǎn)這些產(chǎn)品的公司已經(jīng)向這些節(jié)目的制作者支付了大筆費(fèi)用，以使他們的產(chǎn)品能被很好地描繪出來。讓被創(chuàng)造來銷售洗衣粉的最初肥皂劇產(chǎn)生的產(chǎn)品植入又回來了。

（2）【參考譯文】數(shù)字技術(shù)是原因。觀眾現(xiàn)在可以毫不費(fèi)力地跳過廣告，所以以前為商業(yè)廣告而購買廣告時(shí)間的廣播電臺(tái)和公司，正在試圖找到更好的方法來引起人們的關(guān)注。產(chǎn)品植入是一個(gè)有前途的選擇，但它卻有爭議。盡管植入式廣告在美國被允許，但是在歐盟卻通常被禁止。考慮到可能危害廣播電臺(tái)的信用，歐洲的消費(fèi)者組織反對產(chǎn)品植入。

（3）【參考譯文】但是，如果不知不覺地溜進(jìn)人們大腦的廣告將被禁止，那么如今大量進(jìn)行著的廣告將是不合法的。畢竟，轉(zhuǎn)過廣告牌的司機(jī)沒必要有意識地注視他們所見的廣告詞：他們經(jīng)常無意識地對廣告詞進(jìn)行歸檔——因?yàn)?，通過瀏覽這些廣告頁面，你可能很好地吸收這樣的概念，即一塊昂貴的手表或一部新的手機(jī)將以一些模糊但卻誘人的方式來改變你的生活。對于相信自己所看肥皂劇中字面真理的人而言，即使再多的監(jiān)管也不能讓他們免于來自自己本人的傷害。

17.單選題

Professionalphotographersgenerallyregardinadvertentsurrealisminaphotographasacurseratherthanablessing;magazinephotographers,inparticular,considerthemselves（）totheextentthattheycan（）itspresenceintheirphotographs.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.skillful,enhance

B.inadequate,eliminate

C.original,demonstrate

D.fortunate,minimize

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞與動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)skillful,enhance“熟練的；巧妙的”，“提高；加強(qiáng)；增加”；B選項(xiàng)inadequate,eliminate“不充分的，不適當(dāng)?shù)摹?，“消除；排除”；C選項(xiàng)original,demonstrate“原來的；開始的；首創(chuàng)的，新穎的，創(chuàng)新的；原作的”，“證明；展示；論證”；D選項(xiàng)fortunate,minimize“幸運(yùn)的；僥幸的；吉祥的；帶來幸運(yùn)的”，“使減到最少；小看，極度輕視；最小化”。句意：一般而言，專業(yè)攝影家將攝影作品中由疏忽而致的超現(xiàn)實(shí)主義視作一種災(zāi)禍而非幸事；尤其是雜志攝影家，只要能在攝影作品中將它的存在減少到最低程度，他們便視自己為相當(dāng)幸運(yùn)的了。因此D答案正確。

18.單選題

Electricvehiclesarepotentialgamechangersintransportation,asectorwhich（

）largestshareofoilconsumption.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.poses

B.assumes

C.represents

D.owes

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。pose意為“產(chǎn)生，提出，擺好姿勢”；assume意為“假定，認(rèn)為”；represent意為“代表”；owe意為“欠，歸功于，應(yīng)給予”。

句意：電動(dòng)汽車是交通運(yùn)輸中潛在的游戲變革者，是占石油消費(fèi)比重最大的部門。

19.翻譯題

Abstractionisanoldstorywiththephilosophers,butithasbeenlikeanewtoyinthehandsoftheartistsofourday.Whycan’twehaveanyonequalityofpoetrywechoosebyitself?Wecanhaveinthought.Thenitwillgohardifwecan’tinpractice.Ourlivesforit.

Granted,noonebutahumanistmuchcareshowsoundapoemisifitisonlyasound.Thesoundisthegoldintheore.Thenwewillhavethesoundoutaloneanddispensewiththeinessential.Wedotillwemakethediscoverythattheobjectinwritingpoetryistomakeallpoemssoundasdifferentaspossiblefromeachother.

Itshouldbeofthepleasureofapoemitselftotellhowitcan.Thefigureapoemmakes.Itbeginsindelightandendsinwisdom.Thefigureisthesameasforlove.Noonecanreallyholdthattheecstasyshouldbestaticandstandstillinoneplace.Itbeginsindelight,itinclinestotheimpulse,itassumesdirectionwiththefirstlinelaiddown,itrunsacourseofluckyevents,andendsinaclarificationoflife—notnecessarilyagreatclarification,suchassectsandcultsarefoundedon,butinamomentarystayagainstconfusion.Ithasdenouement.Ithasanoutcomethatthoughunforeseenwaspredestinedfromthefirstimageoftheoriginalmood—andindeedfromtheverymood.

【答案】【參考譯文】抽象對哲學(xué)家來說已是輕車熟路，但對當(dāng)代藝術(shù)家們卻還是比較陌生。為什么我們不能把詩本身的特質(zhì)抽象出來呢？我們可以意會(huì)這種特質(zhì)的存在，但是如果我們不能實(shí)際找出這種特質(zhì)，那么它是否存在可能就會(huì)成為一個(gè)問題。我們的生命向往那種特質(zhì)。

如果詩真的只是一種音律，我們認(rèn)為只有古典文學(xué)愛好者才會(huì)關(guān)注它的完美。音律就像摻在礦石里的金子，我們只需把金子挑出，拋棄其他非必要之物。過去我們一直這樣認(rèn)識，直到發(fā)現(xiàn)寫詩的目標(biāo)竟然是盡量使得所有詩彼此不同。

如果一首詩本身能說明它的形成過程，這將是非常愉快的。這就是一首詩的思路歷程：它從愉悅的激情開始，以智慧的理性結(jié)束。這歷程同愛情一樣，沒有人能夠讓那種強(qiáng)烈的情感靜止于一點(diǎn)。它以愉悅的激情開始，趨向狂熱的沖動(dòng)，追蹤著寫出第一行詩所設(shè)定的方向，經(jīng)歷一系列妙手偶得的過程，達(dá)到一個(gè)恬適寧靜的人生境界。并不需要宗教儀式里的那種莊嚴(yán)偉大，只要能片刻脫離塵世的紛擾。它有一個(gè)結(jié)束，它的結(jié)束雖難以預(yù)料但卻已由其最初展現(xiàn)的心情注定，的確是完全由原來心情確定。

20.單選題

Thistimehecouldaffordtomakenomistake:histeacherwasthere_______,watchingeverymove.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.athiselbow

B.offhishand

C.onhisfeet

D.inhiseyes

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.athiselbow近在手邊，在身邊B.offhishand（getsth.offofone’shand把某物從某人手上甩掉）

C.onhisfeet站立著D.inhiseyes在他眼里

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞watchingeverymove，可知他不能再犯錯(cuò)的原因是老師在關(guān)注他的一舉一動(dòng)，athiselbow符合語境，也就是說老師就在旁邊，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)不符合語境。

【句意】這次他可不敢犯錯(cuò)了：他老師就在他身邊，注視著他的一舉一動(dòng)。

21.單選題

Althoughthereareplansto（

）additionalpensions,thiswillnotaffectanyoneretiringbefore1998andwillonlymarginallyaffectthoseretiringby2009.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.breakdown

B.scaledown

C.boildown

D.narrowdown

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。breakdown“故障，分解”；scaledown“縮減”；boildown“歸結(jié)”；narrowdown“縮小范圍”。句意：盡管有計(jì)劃縮減額外退休金數(shù)額。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

22.單選題

Ifoundthisveryprofitableindiminishingtheintensityofnarrow-mindedprejudice.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.lessening

B.reflecting

C.removing

D.increasing

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。diminish（其現(xiàn)在分詞為diminishing）“使減少；使變小”；A選項(xiàng)lessen（其現(xiàn)在分詞為lessening）“減少；使縮小，使減輕”；B選項(xiàng)reflect（其現(xiàn)在分詞為reflecting）“反映；反射；反省”；C選項(xiàng)remove（其現(xiàn)在分調(diào)為removing）“移動(dòng)，遷移；調(diào)動(dòng)”；D選項(xiàng)increase（其現(xiàn)在分詞為increasing）“增加，加大”。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)這對于減少狹隘的偏見非常有益。根據(jù)句中“veryprofitable非常有利可圖”與“theintensityofnarrow-mindedprejudice偏見的強(qiáng)度”可知diminish在這里的意思為“減少”，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

23.單選題

Whenherealizedhehadbeen（）tosignthecontractbyintrigue,hethreatenedtostartlegalproceedingstocanceltheagreement.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.elicited

B.excited

C.deduced

D.induced

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)他意識到自己上當(dāng)欺騙，被

簽約時(shí)，他威脅說要通過法律程序終止協(xié)議。

elicit引出，探出；excite為……感到興奮；deduce推論，演繹；induce引誘，誘導(dǎo)。A項(xiàng)elicited雖然語義上符合句意，但是elicited形容主語時(shí)一般為主動(dòng)形式，這里是被動(dòng)，所以排除。

24.單選題

Sincethetwocountriescouldn’t（

）theirdifferences,theydecidedtodeclarewaroneachother.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.resign

B.renew

C.recover

D.restore

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。resign“辭職，放棄”；renew“更新”；recover“恢復(fù)”；restore“恢復(fù)，還原”。

句意：由于兩國不能放棄他們的不同之處，他們決定相互宣戰(zhàn)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

25.單選題

Theboardofthecompanyhasdecidedto（）itsoperationtoincludeallaspectsoftheclothingbusiness.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.extend

B.enlarge

C.expand

D.amplify

【答案】C

【解析】句意:公司董事會(huì)決定擴(kuò)大經(jīng)營范圍，將服裝業(yè)務(wù)的各個(gè)方面都包括在內(nèi)。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。extend延伸；擴(kuò)大（尤指時(shí)間或空間的延長）；enlarge擴(kuò)大（主要指面積或體積等的擴(kuò)大）；expand擴(kuò)張；發(fā)展（指范圍、程度、體積和尺寸等方面的擴(kuò)大或增加）;amplify擴(kuò)大；增強(qiáng)（常指聲音的擴(kuò)大或電磁波的增強(qiáng)，也指補(bǔ)充了細(xì)節(jié)、詳述或擴(kuò)大內(nèi)容等。）。根據(jù)后面的句意“將服裝業(yè)務(wù)的各個(gè)方面都包括在內(nèi)”可知C項(xiàng)正確。

26.單選題

Withkeen（

）,convincingfactsandaglobalangle,theauthorvividlyrecordedabrilliantpageofthegreatChineserevolution.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inspection

B.intellectual

C.intention

D.insight

【答案】D

【解析】考查形似詞辨析。inspection檢查，檢驗(yàn)；intellectual智力的，有才智的；intention意圖；insight洞察力，洞悉。句意：通過敏銳的洞察力、有說服力的事實(shí)和全球化的視角，作者生動(dòng)地記錄了中國革命偉大輝煌的一頁?？崭裉帒?yīng)填一個(gè)名詞，首先排除B項(xiàng)。再根據(jù)句意可知D項(xiàng)最合適。答案D

27.單選題

Afterafewroundsoftalks,bothsidesregardedtheterritorydisputes（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.beingsettled

B.tobesettled

C.hadsettled

D.assettled

【答案】D

【解析】【試題