考研考博-英語(yǔ)-東北石油大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-東北石油大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Howaboutaglassoforangejuiceto（）yourthirst?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.quench

B.quell

C.quash

D.quieten

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。quench“壓制，抑制，止（渴）”；quell“鎮(zhèn)壓，平息，壓制”；quash“取消；廢除；鎮(zhèn)壓”；quieten“安靜，撫慰”。句意：用杯橙汁來止渴怎么樣？選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.單選題

Theidealcompanionmachine—thecomputer—wouldnotonlylook,feel,andsoundfriendlybutwouldalsobeprogrammedtobehaveinapleasantmanner.Thosequalitiesmakeinteractioncomfortable,andyetthemachinewouldremainslightlyunpredictableandthereforeinteresting.Initsfirstencounteritmightbesomewhathesitant,butasitcametoknowtheuseritwouldprogresstoamorerelaxedandintimatestyle.Themachinewouldnotbeapassiveparticipantbutwouldadditsownsuggestions,information,andopinions;itwouldsometimestaketheinitiativeindevelopingorchangingthetopicandwouldhaveapersonalityofitsown.

Friendshipsarenotmadeinaday,andthecomputerwouldbemoreacceptableasafriendifitimitatedthegradualchangesthatoccurwhenonepersonisgettingtoknowanother.Atanappropriatetimeitmightalsoexpressthekindofaffectionthatstimulatesattachmentandintimacy.Thewholeprocesswouldbeaccomplishedinasubtlewaytoavoidgivinganimpressionofover-familiaritythatwouldbelikelytoproduceirritation.Afterexperiencingawealthofpowerful,well-timedfriendshipindicators,theuserwouldbeverylikelytoacceptthecomputerasfarmorethanamachineandmightwellcometoregarditasafriend.

Anartificialrelationshipofthistypewouldprovidemanyofthebenefitsthatcouldcontinuefrompreviousdiscussions.Itwouldhaveafamiliaritywiththeuser'slifeasrevealedinearliercontact,anditwouldbeunderstandingandgood-humored.Thecomputer’sownpersonalitywouldbelivelyandimpressive,anditwoulddevelopinresponsetothatoftheuser.Withfeaturessuchasthese,themachinemightindeedbecomeaveryattractivesocialpartner.

1.Whichofthefollowingisnotafeatureoftheidealcompanionmachine?

2.Thecomputerwoulddevelopfriendshipswithhumansina(an)（）way.

3.Whichofthefollowingaspectsisnotmentionedwhenthepassagediscussesthebenefitsofartificialrelationships?

4.Throughoutthepassage,theauthoris（）inhisattitudetowardthecomputer.

5.Whichmightbethemostappropriatetitleofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Activeincommunication

B.Attractiveinpersonality

C.Enjoyableinperfomiance

D.unpredictableinbehavior

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.quick

B.unpredictable

C.productive

D.inconspicuous

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Beingabletopickupaninterestingconversation.

B.Beingsensitivetoearliercontact.

C.Beingreadytolearnabouttheperson'slife.

D.Havingapleasantandadaptablepersonality.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.favorable

B.critical

C.vague

D.hesitant

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ArtificialRelationships

B.HowtoFormIntimateRelationships

C.TheAffectionateMachine

D.HumansandComputers

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A:在交流上是生動(dòng)的,第一段指出:Themachinewouldnotbeapassiveparticipantbutwouldadditsownsuggestions,information,andopinions(這個(gè)機(jī)械將不是被動(dòng)的參與者，而將會(huì)增加自己的建議、信息和意見),由此可知A項(xiàng)屬于理想伴侶機(jī)械的特點(diǎn)。B:在個(gè)性上有吸引力,由最后一段中“Thecomputer’sownpersonalitywouldbelivelyandimpressive...(這個(gè)電腦自己的個(gè)性將是充滿生氣且令人印象深刻……)可知B項(xiàng)屬于理想伴侶機(jī)械的特點(diǎn)。C:在表現(xiàn)上令人愉快,第一段指出:Theidealcompanionmachine—thecomputer—wouldnotonlylook,feel,andsoundfriendlybutwouldalsobeprogrammedtobehaveinapleasantmanner(想的伴侶機(jī)械（即電腦）將不僅僅在外表、感覺和聲音上是友好的，且還會(huì)被編程去以令人愉快的方式來表現(xiàn)),因此C屬于理想伴侶機(jī)械的特點(diǎn)。D:在行為上無法預(yù)測(cè),由第一段中“yetthemachinewouldremainslightlyunpredictable(但是這個(gè)機(jī)械（即電腦）也仍然稍微有些不可預(yù)測(cè))”可知D不符合原文所述。因此選D。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段指出:Thewholeprocesswouldbeaccomplishedinasubtlewaytoavoidgivinganimpressionofover-familiaritythatwouldbelikelytoproduceirritation(這整個(gè)過程（即人與電腦之間友誼形成的過程）將會(huì)以一種微妙的方式來實(shí)現(xiàn)，以便避免去給出一個(gè)將可能引起惱怒的過度親密的印象),因此D項(xiàng)“難以察覺的”正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A:能發(fā)起一段有趣的對(duì)話,第一段指出:itwouldsometimestaketheinitiativeindevelopingorchangingthetopic(它有時(shí)會(huì)主動(dòng)提出或改變互動(dòng)的活題),因此A項(xiàng)符合原文所述。B:受先前的交流影響,文章并未提及。C:準(zhǔn)備去了解人的生活,由第一段中“initsfirstencounteritmightbesomewhathesitant,butasitcametoknowtheuseritwouldprogresstoamorerelaxedandintimatestyle(在電腦首次與人進(jìn)行互動(dòng)時(shí)，它可能有些遲疑，但隨著對(duì)使用者的了解，在互動(dòng)吋它會(huì)變得更放松且親密)”可知C項(xiàng)符合原文所述。D:有一個(gè)令人喜歡且能隨機(jī)應(yīng)變的個(gè)性,最后一段指出:itwoulddevelopinresponsetothatoftheuser.Withfeaturessuchasthese,themachinemightindeedbecomeaveryattractivesocialpartner(它會(huì)相應(yīng)使川者的性格來形成固己的性格。帶著如這些樣的性格，這個(gè)機(jī)械可能的確變成一個(gè)非常有吸引力的社會(huì)伙伴)。因此D符合原文所述。因此本題選B。

4.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。從末段中“Withfeaturessuchasthese,themachinemightindeedbecomeaveryattractivesocialpartner(因?yàn)檫@些特征,這個(gè)機(jī)械可能的確變成一個(gè)非常有吸引力的社會(huì)伙伴)”可以看出作者持贊成的態(tài)度。故選A。

5.主旨大意題。作者在第一段提出“有感情的機(jī)械”這個(gè)話題及隨后段落“闡述有感情的機(jī)械與人在友誼形成方式及這種人造友誼帶來的好處,因此C項(xiàng)“有感情的機(jī)械”比較適合做文章標(biāo)題。

3.單選題

Americansusuallyconsiderthemselvesafriendlypeople.Theirfriendships,however,tendtobeshorterandmorecasualthanfriendshipsamongpeoplefromothercultures.ItisnotuncommonforAmericanstohaveonlyoneclosefriendduringtheirlifetime,andconsiderother“friends”tobejustsocialacquaintances.ThisattitudeprobablyhassomethingtodowithAmericanmobilityandthefactthatAmericansdonotliketobedependentonotherpeople.Theytendto“compartmentalize”friendships,having“friendsatwork”,“friendsonthesoftballteam”,“familyfriends”,etc.

BecausetheUnitedStatesisahighlyactivesociety,fullofmovementandchange,peoplealwaysseemtobeonthego.Inthishighlychargedatmosphere,Americanscansometimesseembrusqueorimpatient.Theywanttogettoknowyouasquicklyaspossibleandthenmoveontosomethingelse.Sometimes,earlyon,theywillaskyouquestionsthatyoumayfeelareverypersonal.Noinsultisintended;thequestionsusuallygrowoutoftheirgenuineinterestorcuriosity,andtheirimpatiencetogettotheheartofthematter.Andthesamegoesforyou.IfyoudonotunderstandcertainAmericanbehaviororyouwanttoknowmoreaboutthem,donothesitatetoaskthemquestionsaboutthemselves.Americansareusuallyeagertoexplainallabouttheircountryoranything“American”inwhichyoumaybeinterested.Somuchsoinfatthatyoumaybecometiredoflistening.Itdoesn’tmatterbecauseAmericanstendtobeuncomfortablewithsilenceduringaconversation.Theywouldrathertalkabouttheweatherorthelatestsportsscores,forexample,thandealwithsilence.

Ontheotherhand,don’texpectAmericanstobeknowledgeableaboutinternationalgeographyorworldaffairs,unlessthosesubjectsdirectlyinvolvetheUnitedStates.BecausetheUnitedStatesisnotsurroundedbymanyothernations,someAmericanstendtoignoretherestoftheworld.

41.Thegeneraltopicofthepassageis______.

42.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

43.Thephrase“highlycharged”(Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans______.

44.Itcaninferredfromthepassagethat______.

45.Accordingtothepassage,Americanstendtoignoretherestoftheworldbecause______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Americanculture

B.Americansociety

C.Americans’personality

D.Americans’activities

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Americansknowalotaboutinternationalaffairs.

B.FriendshipsamongAmericanstendtobecasual.

C.Americansdonotliketodependonotherpeople.

D.Americansalwaysseemtobeonthego.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.extremelyfree

B.highlyresponsible

C.fullofmobilityandchange

D.verycheerful

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Americanswanttoparticipateinallkindsofactivities

B.Americans,characterisaffectedbytheirsocialandgeographicalenvironment

C.Americansdonotknowhowtodealwithsilence

D.curiosityischaracteristicofAmericans

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theyarenotinterestedinothercountries

B.theyaretooproudofthemselves

C.theircountrydoesnothavemanyneighboringnations

D.theyaretoobusytolearnaboutothercountries

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】41.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干的意思是“這篇文章的主題是什么？”。根據(jù)文章首段Americansusuallyconsiderthemselvesafriendlypeople.Theirfriendships,however,tendtobeshorterandmorecasualthanfriendshipsamongpeoplefromothercultures.ItisnotuncommonforAmericanstohaveonlyoneclosefriendduringtheirlifetime,andconsiderother“‘‘friends”tobejustsocialacquaintances.ThisattitudeprobablyhassomethingtodowithAmericanmobilityandthefactthatAmericansdonotliketobedependentonotherpeople.（美國(guó)人通常認(rèn)為自己是一個(gè)友好的民族。然而，與其他文化背景的人相比，他們的友誼往往更短，也更隨意。美國(guó)人一生中只有一個(gè)親密的朋友，并認(rèn)為其他“朋友”只是社會(huì)上的熟人，這是很常見的。這種態(tài)度可能與美國(guó)人的流動(dòng)性以及美國(guó)人不喜歡依賴他人這一事實(shí)有關(guān)。）可知，這篇文章主要討論的是美國(guó)人性格方面的內(nèi)容；所以C項(xiàng)“美國(guó)人的性格”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“美國(guó)文化”，B項(xiàng)“美國(guó)社會(huì)”和D項(xiàng)“美國(guó)人的活動(dòng)”都只是在文中提及過幾句而已，不足以代表全文的主旨。因此該題選C。

42.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干的意思是“根據(jù)文章，下列哪一項(xiàng)陳述是不正確的？”。A項(xiàng)“美國(guó)人對(duì)國(guó)際事務(wù)很了解”，文章末段提到Ontheotherhand,don’texpectAmericanstobeknowledgeableaboutinternationalgeographyorworldaffairs,unlessthosesubjectsdirectlyinvolvetheUnitedStates.（另一方面，不要期望美國(guó)人對(duì)國(guó)際地理或世界事務(wù)了如指掌，除非這些問題直接涉及美國(guó)。），由此可知，美國(guó)人對(duì)國(guó)際事務(wù)不是很了解，所以A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。B項(xiàng)“美國(guó)人之間的友誼往往是隨意的”，根據(jù)第一段第二句Theirfriendships,however,tendtobeshorterandmorecasualthanfriendshipsamongpeoplefromothercultures.（然而，與其他文化背景的人相比，他們的友誼往往更短，也更隨意）可知B項(xiàng)正確。C項(xiàng)“美國(guó)人不喜歡依賴別人”，第一段倒數(shù)第二句提到ThisattitudeprobablyhassomethingtodowithAmericanmobilityandthefactthatAmericansdonotliketobedependentonotherpeople.（這種態(tài)度可能與美國(guó)人的流動(dòng)性以及美國(guó)人不喜歡依賴他人這一事實(shí)有關(guān)），由此可知C項(xiàng)正確。D項(xiàng)“美國(guó)人似乎總是忙個(gè)不?！保鶕?jù)第二段第二句Inthishighlychargedatmosphere,Americanscansometimesseembrusqueorimpatient.（在這種高度緊張的氣氛中，美國(guó)人有時(shí)會(huì)顯得粗魯或不耐煩）和第三句Theywanttogettoknowyouasquicklyaspossibleandthenmoveontosomethingelse.（他們想盡快了解你，然后再去做其他的事情）可知，美國(guó)人總是忙碌的，所以會(huì)盡快了解一個(gè)人然后再去做其他的事情。D項(xiàng)正確。因此該題選A。

43.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。題干的意思是“第二段的短語(yǔ)’highlycharged’最有可能是什么意思？”。根據(jù)題干定位到文中第二段；上文指出BecausetheUnitedStatesisahighlyactivesociety,fullofmovementandchange,peoplealwaysseemtobeonthego.（因?yàn)槊绹?guó)是一個(gè)高度活躍的社會(huì)，充滿了運(yùn)動(dòng)和變化，人們似乎總是在前進(jìn)），由此可知，下文的highlycharged指的是上文中的fullofmovementandchange，所以C項(xiàng)“充滿流動(dòng)性和變化”正確。A項(xiàng)“極度自由”，B項(xiàng)“高度負(fù)責(zé)”和D項(xiàng)“其樂融融”都不符合。因此該題選C。

44.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干的意思是“從文章可以推斷出……”。文章最后一段指出Ontheotherhand,don’texpectAmericanstobeknowledgeableaboutinternationalgeographyorworldaffairs,unlessthosesubjectsdirectlyinvolvetheUnitedStates.BecausetheUnitedStatesisnotsurroundedbymanyothernations,someAmericanstendtoignoretherestoftheworld.（另一方面，不要期望美國(guó)人對(duì)國(guó)際地理或世界事務(wù)了如指掌，除非這些問題直接涉及美國(guó)。由于美國(guó)周圍沒有許多其他國(guó)家，一些美國(guó)人傾向于忽視世界其他地區(qū)。），由此可推斷出美國(guó)這種對(duì)世界其他的事情不關(guān)心態(tài)度的性格可能是由于它的地理位置所致，因?yàn)樗車]有其他的國(guó)家包圍；所以B項(xiàng)“美國(guó)人的性格受到社會(huì)和地理環(huán)境的影響”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“美國(guó)人希望參加各種各樣的活動(dòng)”文中沒有提到；C項(xiàng)“美國(guó)人不知道如何應(yīng)對(duì)沉默”，第二段倒數(shù)第二句提到Itdoesn’tmatterbecauseAmericanstendtobeuncomfortablewithsilenceduringaconversation.（這沒關(guān)系，因?yàn)槊绹?guó)人往往會(huì)對(duì)交談中的沉默感到不舒服）可知，美國(guó)人不是不知道如何應(yīng)對(duì)沉默而是他們會(huì)感到不舒服，C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；D項(xiàng)“好奇心是美國(guó)人的特點(diǎn)”，第二段第四句提到thequestionsusuallygrowoutoftheirgenuineinterestorcuriosity,andtheirimpatiencetogettotheheartofthematter（這些問題通常是出于他們真正的興趣或好奇，以及他們沒有耐心去了解問題的核心），這里提到美國(guó)人的好奇不是描述美國(guó)人好奇的特點(diǎn)，而是解釋美國(guó)人不耐煩的原因，D項(xiàng)也錯(cuò)誤。因此該題選B。

45.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干的意思是“根據(jù)文章，美國(guó)人傾向于忽視世界其他地區(qū)，因?yàn)椤?。根?jù)文章最后一句BecausetheUnitedStatesisnotsurroundedbymanyothernations,someAmericanstendtoignoretherestoftheworld.（由于美國(guó)周圍沒有許多其他國(guó)家，一些美國(guó)人傾向于忽視世界其他地區(qū)）可知，美國(guó)人傾向于忽視世界其他地區(qū)是因?yàn)槊绹?guó)周圍沒有許多其他國(guó)家，所以C項(xiàng)“他們的國(guó)家沒有許多鄰國(guó)”正確。A項(xiàng)“他們對(duì)其他國(guó)家不感興趣”文章沒有提到美國(guó)人對(duì)其他國(guó)家不感興趣；B項(xiàng)“他們太過驕傲”文中也未提及；D項(xiàng)“他們太忙以至于沒有時(shí)間去了解其他國(guó)家”，這是他們會(huì)顯得粗魯或不耐煩的原因，不是沒時(shí)間去了解其他國(guó)家的原因。因此該題選C。

4.單選題

Everyday,manypeoplecometovisitthe（

）oftheoldcastle.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.location

B.highland

C.site

D.desert

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每天都有人來參觀城堡的遺址。location“場(chǎng)所”；highland“高低”；site“遺址”；desert“沙漠”。根據(jù)句意，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.單選題

Thespeaker______uswithtalesofexoticlandsandburiedtreasure.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.detour

B.offset

C.tantalized

D.ushered

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.detour繞行，繞道B.offset抵消，彌補(bǔ)；襯托出

C.tantalized逗弄；令人干著急D.ushered引導(dǎo)；招待；迎接

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)withtalesofexoticlandsandburiedtreasure（講述異國(guó)風(fēng)情和埋藏寶藏的故事）可知，這個(gè)演講者是通過講故事來逗樂我們，C項(xiàng)詞義符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】演講者講了許多關(guān)于異國(guó)他鄉(xiāng)和埋藏寶藏的故事，把我們逗樂了。

6.單選題

Notonly______muchbiggerthananyplanet,butunliketheplanets,itconsistscompletelyofgaseousmaterial.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thesunis

B.thesun,whichis

C.isthesun

D.thatthesun

【答案】C

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：太陽(yáng)不僅比任何行星都要大得多，而且不同的是，它完全由氣體物質(zhì)組成。根據(jù)題目和選項(xiàng)確定考查固定搭配notonly…but的部分倒裝，notonly放在句首的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)為notonly+助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+其他，C選項(xiàng)isthesun選項(xiàng)符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Onlyafterhehasacquiredconsiderablefacilityinspeaking（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thenhelearnsreadingandwriting

B.doeshelearntoreadandwrite

C.finallycomesreadingandwriting

D.hebegantoreadandtowrite

【答案】B

【解析】考查部分倒裝。Only+副詞/介詞短語(yǔ)/狀語(yǔ)從句位于句首時(shí)，主句要用部分倒裝。即需要將be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)前，句中的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞位置不變。句意：他只有在獲得相當(dāng)多的說的能力之后，才學(xué)會(huì)讀和寫。AD選項(xiàng)都沒有使用倒裝，可以排除，C選項(xiàng)倒裝后句中缺少主語(yǔ)，故選B。

8.單選題

TheGreatPanicof2008mayhavedestroyedblindoptimism.Butifexcessiveoptimismwasthenear-fatalposein2008,blindpessimismhasemergedasthereflexivepost-bustcrouch.Andithasledtheeconomicestablishmenttomissyetanotherinflectionpoint.WhilewewerewringingourhandsaboutAmerica'sfinancialandindustrialcrisis,weignoredaparallelnarrativethatwasemerging:therepairingofbalancesheets,anembraceofreality,anascentrecovery.Thesamefolkswhochasedtherecessiondownnowarelikelytochasetherecoveryup.

Evenastheeconomystartedimproving,corporateAmericacontinuedtoprepareforArmageddonformuchof2009.Inventoriesofmanufacturedgoodsfellin10ofthefirst11monthsof2009.BetweenOctober2008andOctober2009,retailersslashedinventoriesfrom$500billionto$432billion.Translation?Pessimisticabouttheirabilitytosellstuff,companiescutwaybackontheirorders.Butwhenconsumerdemandfinallymaterializes,retailerswillbecaughtflat-footedandmissoutonsales.

Excessivepessimisminotherareashasbeenmorecostly.VirtuallyallthemarketgeniuseswhohungonastheDowwasscythedinhalfbetweenOctober2007andMarch2009failedtocallthemarketturn.Mosthedge-fundmanagershavechasedthe60percentrallysinceMarch,notledit.Economicforecasterssimilarlymissedthedramaticturnintheoveralleconomythisspring.Havingfailedtoforecastthattheeconomywouldshrinkata6percentannualratethroughthefirstquarterof2009,economistsalsofailedtoprojectitwouldstartgrowingagainatadecentpaceinJune.Andthey'restillbehindthecurve.Myboldpredictionfor2010isthattheconsensusoftheforecasterssurveyedbythePhiladelphiaFederalReserve,whichprojectstheeconomywillgrowonly2.4percentin2010,istoopessimistic,perhapsbyhalf.

Thenthere'salargepopulationofnon-ideologueswhomaynotfullyembracethenarrativeofeconomicrecoverybecausetheydon'tfeelityetintheirpaychecks,portfolios,orhomevalues.Trytellingalaid-offautoworkerinMichiganoralaid-offmagazineeditorinBrooklynthatthingsarebetter.Buttheymaysoonbeinforpleasantsurprises,too.Foralltheadvancesofinformationtechnology,bigeconomicturnsalwaystakeusunawares.In2007allindicatorsflashedgreen—untilthebottomsuddenlyfellout.Inthisenvironment,thingscanlookawful,untilaneworderunexpectedlycomesinorafewdealsbreakinyourfirm'sfavor.Allofasudden,thingsseemmuchbetter.

We'reinaMissourieconomynow,oneinwhichrecoveryhastobeshown,nottold.Economicconditionsmaybeimproving,butitstillmaytakemorethanafewquartersofgrowthbeforepeoplefullycommittorecovery,bothfinanciallyandpsychologically.Ifcreditmeansbelief,sincethecreditcrisisbegantwoyearsago,beliefhasbeeninshortsupply.Maybeit'stimeforalittleblindfaith.

1.Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?

2.Thelastsentenceofthesecondparagraphmostprobablyimpliesthat（）.

3.Theword"non-ideologues"inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto（）.

4.Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheattitudeoftheauthortowardseconomicrecovery?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.EconomicPessimismvs.EconomicOptimism.

B.AmericanEconomyaftertheRecession.

C.EconomicForecastfor2010.

D.TheDangersofEconomicPessimism.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theretailersareunpreparedwhenthecustomerswanttopurchase

B.theretailersarefoundtohaveflatfeetsotheymissoutonsales

C.theunexpectedeconomicrecessionmakestheretailerslosetheirheads

D.theflat-footedretailers'salesareextinguishedbyothers'

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.peoplewhoarenotadvocatesofacertainideology

B.peoplewhoarepragmatists

C.peoplewhoareidealists

D.peoplewhobelieveinnothing

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.wecannotbetoooptimisticabouteconomicrecovery

B.economyhasalreadyrecoveredsopeopleshouldbeoptimistic

C.it'llstilltaketimeforpeopletobelievethateconomyisrecovering

D.peopledonotbelieveincreditanymore

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Pessimistic.

B.Disinterested.

C.Suspicious.

D.Optimistic.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Butifexcessiveoptimismwasthenear-fatalposein2008,blindpessimismhasemergedasthereflexivepost-bustcrouch.”，可知但如果說過度樂觀是2008年近乎致命的因素，那么盲目悲觀則會(huì)從反方向給經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來不好的后果。可判斷出文章主要談及了悲觀主義對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展帶來的危害。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Pessimisticabouttheirabilitytosellstuff,companiescutwaybackontheirorders.Butwhenconsumerdemandfinallymaterializes,retailerswillbecaughtflat-footedandmissoutonsales.”，可知由于對(duì)自己的銷售能力感到悲觀，企業(yè)紛紛削減訂單。但當(dāng)消費(fèi)者需求最終實(shí)現(xiàn)時(shí)，零售商將措手不及，錯(cuò)失銷售良機(jī)。可判斷出最后一句的意思是當(dāng)顧客想買東西時(shí)，零售商們毫無準(zhǔn)備。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.詞義理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段，“Thenthere'salargepopulationofnon-ideologueswhomaynotfullyembracethenarrativeofeconomicrecoverybecausetheydon'tfeelityetintheirpaychecks,portfolios,orhomevalues.”，可知還有很多非空想家，他們可能不會(huì)完全接受經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇的說法，因?yàn)樗麄兊男剿?、投資或房屋價(jià)值還沒有發(fā)生改變，沒有經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇的跡象?？膳袛喑鰊on-ideologues意思為實(shí)用主義者。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.推斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Economicconditionsmaybeimproving,butitstillmaytakemorethanafewquartersofgrowthbeforepeoplefullycommittorecovery,bothfinanciallyandpsychologically.”，可知經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況可能正在改善，但在人們完全致力于經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇和心理恢復(fù)之前，仍可能需要幾個(gè)季度以上的增長(zhǎng)?？膳袛喑鋈藗?nèi)匀恍枰獣r(shí)間來相信經(jīng)濟(jì)正在復(fù)蘇。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.作者態(tài)度題?？v觀全文，第一段提及了盲目悲觀會(huì)從反方向給經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來不好影響，第二段提到美國(guó)還在為經(jīng)濟(jì)的不好狀況做準(zhǔn)備，第三段主要提到很多人仍然沒有感受到經(jīng)濟(jì)的復(fù)蘇，最后一段提及人們確實(shí)需要對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇持有盲目的自信心理。根據(jù)文章最后一句，“Maybeit'stimeforalittleblindfaith.”，可知作者認(rèn)為對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇應(yīng)該存在盲目的信仰，可判斷出作者的態(tài)度是樂觀的。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

9.單選題

Educationisoneofthekeywordsofourtime.Aman,withoutaneducation,manyofusbelieve,isanunfortunatevictimofadversecircumstancesdeprivedofoneofthegreatesttwentieth-centuryopportunities.Convincedoftheimportanceofeducation,modernstates“invest”ininstitutionsoflearningtogetback“interest”intheformofalargegroupofenlightenedyoungmenandwomenwhoarepotentialleaders.Education,withitscyclesofinstructionsocarefullyworkedout,ispunctuatedbytextbooks—thosepurchasablewellsofwisdom—whatwouldcivilizationbelikewithoutitsbenefits?

Somuchiscertain:thatwewouldhavedoctorsandpreachers,lawyersanddefendants,marriagesandbirths;butourspiritualoutlookwouldbedifferent.Wewouldlaylessstresson“factsandfigures”andmoreonagoodmemory,onappliedpsychology,andonthecapacityofamantogetalongwithhisfellow-citizens.Ifoureducationalsystemwerefashionedafteritsbooklesspastwewouldhavethemostdemocraticformof“college”imaginable.Amongthepeoplewhomweliketocallsavagesallknowledgeinheritedbytraditionissharedbyall;itistaughttoeverymemberofthetribesothatinthisrespecteverybodyisequallyequippedforlife.

Itistheidealconditionofthe“equalstart”whichonlyourmostprogressiveformsofmoderneducationtrytoregain.Inprimitiveculturestheobligationtoseekandtoreceivethetraditionalinstructionisbindingtoall.Thereareno“illiterates”一ifthetermcanbeappliedtopeoplewithoutascript—whileourowncompulsoryschoolattendancebecamelawinGermanyin1642,inFrancein1806,andinEngland1876,andisstillnon-existentinanumberof“civilized”nations.Thisshowshowlongitwasbeforewedeemeditnecessarytomakesurethatallourchildrencouldshareintheknowledgeaccumulatedbythe“happyfew”duringthepastcenturies.

Educationinthewildernessisnotamatterofmonetarymeans.Allareentitledtoanequalstart.Thereisnoneofthehurrywhich,inoursociety,oftenhampersthefulldevelopmentofagrowingpersonality.There,achildgrowsupundertheever-presentattentionofhisparents,thereforethejunglesandthegrasslandsknowofno“juveniledelinquency”.Nonecessityofmakingalivingawayfromhomeresultsinneglectofchildrenandnofatherisconfrontedwithhisinabilityto“buy”aneducationforhischild.

1.Theword“interest”inthefirstparagraphmostprobablymeans（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,theauthorseemstobe（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

5.Thebesttitleforthispassageis（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pleasure

B.returns

C.share

D.knowledge

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.againsttheeducationintheveryearlyhistorictimes

B.infavoroftheeducationalpracticeinprimitivecultures

C.quitehappytoseeanequalstartforeveryone

D.positiveaboutourpresenteducationalinstruction

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theaimof“equalstart”hasalreadybeenreachedamongsavages

B.savagesinancienttimesaremorecivilizedthanmodernpeople

C.themoderneducationsystemismoredemocraticthanbefore

D.therearenoilliteratesincivilizednationsintoday’ssociety

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Educationcan’tworkwithoutthebenefitsoftextbooks.

B.Wehavenotyetdecidedonoureducationalmodels.

C.Compulsoryschoolingisnotexistentinallnations.

D.Ourspiritualoutlookisbetternowthanbefore.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.EducationandModernCivilization

B.TheSignificanceofModernEducation

C.EducationalInvestmentandtheProfitItBrings

D.Education:AComparisonbetweenPastandPresent

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)原文句意：由于深信教育的重要性，現(xiàn)代國(guó)家“投資”于學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)構(gòu)，培養(yǎng)一大批開明的，有可能成為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的青年男女，以此來獲得“回報(bào)”?！癷nvest”和“interest”相對(duì)應(yīng)，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.根據(jù)第三段第一句“Itistheidealconditionofthe“equalstart”whichonlyourmostprogressiveformsofmoderneducationtrytoregain.”這是“平等起步”的理想狀態(tài)，只有我們最先進(jìn)的現(xiàn)代教育形式才試圖恢復(fù)這種理想狀態(tài)。由此可以推斷，作者似乎贊同原始文化中的平等教育傳統(tǒng)，所以選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第二段的最后兩句，在我們喜歡稱之為野蠻人的人群中，所有由傳統(tǒng)繼承的知識(shí)都為所有人所共享;它被教導(dǎo)給部落的每一個(gè)成員，因此在這方面，每個(gè)人都是平等地為生活做好準(zhǔn)備。由此可知，野蠻人已經(jīng)達(dá)到了“平等起步”的目標(biāo)，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

4.根據(jù)第三段“...ourowncompulsoryschoolattendancebecamelawinGermanyin1642,inFrancein1806,andinEngland1876,andisstillnon-existentinanumberof“civilized”nations.”德國(guó)于1642年將義務(wù)教育列入法律條文，法國(guó)在1806年，英國(guó)是在1876年，但是在一些“文明”國(guó)家仍然不存在。由此可知，并非所有的國(guó)家都有義務(wù)教育，選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

5.結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要將過去的教育和現(xiàn)代的教育進(jìn)行對(duì)比，指出現(xiàn)代教育的不足之處，選項(xiàng)D最能概括全文，所以正確。

10.單選題

Treesshouldonlybeprunedwhenthereisagoodandclearreasonfordoingsoand,fortunately，thenumberofsuchreasonsissmall.Pruninginvolvesthecuttingawayofovergrownandunwantedbranches,andtheinexperiencedgardenercanbeencouragedbythethoughtthatmoredamageresultsfromdoingitunnecessarilythanfromleavingthetreetogrowinitsownway.

First,pruningmaybedonetomakesurethattreeshaveadesiredshapeorsize.Theobjectmaybetogetatreeoftherightheight,andatthesametimetohelpthegrowthofsmallsidebrancheswhichwillthickenitsappearanceorgiveitaspecialshape.Secondly,pruningmaybedonetomakethetreehealthier.Youmaycutdiseasedordeadwood,orbranchesthatarerubbingagainsteachotherandthuscausewounds.Thehealthofatreemaybeencouragedbyremovingbranchesthatareblockingupthecentreandsopreventingthefreemovementofair.

Oneresultofpruningisthatanopenwoundisleftonthetreeandthisprovidesaneasyentryfordisease,butitisawoundthatwillheal.Oftenthereisaracebetweenthehealingandthediseaseastowhetherthetreewillliveordie,sothatthereisaperiodwhenthetreeisatrisk.Itshouldbetheaimofeverygardenertoreducethatriskofdeathasfaraspossible.Itisessentialtomakethearea，whichhasbeenpruned,smoothandclean,forhealingwillbesloweddownbyroughness.Youshouldallowthecutsurfacetodryforafewhoursandthenpaintitwithoneofthesubstancesavailablefromgardenshopsproducedespeciallyforthispurpose.Pruningisusuallywithoutinterferencefromtheleavesandalsoitisveryunlikelythatthecutsyoumakewillbleed.Ifthisdoeshappen,itis,ofcourse,impossibletopaintthemproperly.

1.Pruningshouldbedoneto（）.

2.Treesbecomeunhealthyifthegardener（）.

3.Whyisaspecialsubstancepaintedonthetree?

4.Agoodgardenerprunesatree（）.

5.Whatwastheauthor’spurposewhenwritingthispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.makethetreegrowtaller

B.improvetheshapeofthetree

C.getridofthesmallbranches

D.makethesmallbranchesthicker

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.allowstoomanybranchestogrowinthemiddle

B.doesnotprotectthemfromwind

C.forcesthemtogrowtooquickly

D.damagessomeofthesmallsidebranches

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Tomakeawoundsmooth.

B.Topreventdiseaseenteringawound.

C.Tocoveraroughsurface.

D.Tohelpawoundtodry.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.atintervalsthroughouttheyear

B.asquicklyaspossible

C.occasionallywhennecessary

D.regulareverywinter

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Togivepracticalinstructionforpruningatree.

B.Togiveageneraldescriptionofpruning.

C.Toexplainhowtreesdevelopdiseases.

D.Todiscussdifferentmethodsofpruning.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“Pruningshouldbedone”定位至第二段：pruningmaybedonetomakesurethattreeshaveadesiredshapeorsize（修枝是為了確保樹木按照所需要的形狀或大小生長(zhǎng)）。因此，B項(xiàng)為正確答案。

2.根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“Treesbecomeunhealthy”定位至第二段：Thehealthofatreemaybeencouragedbyremovingbranchesthatareblockingupthecentre…（剪去堵塞中心的樹枝可以促進(jìn)樹木的健康）。因此推測(cè)，樹木中心的樹枝太多不利于樹木的生長(zhǎng)，A項(xiàng)為正確答案。

3.根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“specialsubstancepaintedonthetree”定位至第三段：Oneresultofpruningisthatanopenwoundisleftonthetreeandthisprovidesaneasyentryfordisease...andthenpaintitwithoneofthesubstancesavailablefromgardenshopsproducedespeciallyforthispurpose.由此可知，在樹木切口表面漆上特殊的材料就是為了防止病害從樹木切口進(jìn)入，B項(xiàng)為正確答案。

4.第一段指出：moredamageresultsfromdoingitunnecessarilythanfromleavingthetreetogrowinitsownway（不必要的剪枝會(huì)給樹木帶來更多的傷害）。由此推測(cè)，好的園丁只是在必要的時(shí)候才修剪樹木，C項(xiàng)為正確答案。

5.通篇作者在闡述什么情況下修剪樹木并且詳細(xì)介紹了原因和方法。因此，作者的目的是在修剪樹木方面給予實(shí)踐指導(dǎo)，A項(xiàng)為正確答案。

11.單選題

Avirtualanchorite,he（

）tohisself-sufficiency.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.adheres

B.confirms

C.conforms

D.admonishes

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。adhere“堅(jiān)持；依附”，為不及物動(dòng)詞，一般與to構(gòu)成adhereto“堅(jiān)持；粘附”；confirm“確認(rèn)；證實(shí)”，為及物動(dòng)詞；conform“使遵守；使一致”。句意：作為隱士的他堅(jiān)持自給自足。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

12.填空題

AfterI（1）theuniversityentranceexam,Iwasextremelyupset,becauseIwasalmostsureIh