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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-東北石油大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買!第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題
Howaboutaglassoforangejuiceto()yourthirst?
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.quench
B.quell
C.quash
D.quieten
【答案】A
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。quench“壓制,抑制,止(渴)”;quell“鎮(zhèn)壓,平息,壓制”;quash“取消;廢除;鎮(zhèn)壓”;quieten“安靜,撫慰”。句意:用杯橙汁來止渴怎么樣?選項(xiàng)A符合題意。
2.單選題
Theidealcompanionmachine—thecomputer—wouldnotonlylook,feel,andsoundfriendlybutwouldalsobeprogrammedtobehaveinapleasantmanner.Thosequalitiesmakeinteractioncomfortable,andyetthemachinewouldremainslightlyunpredictableandthereforeinteresting.Initsfirstencounteritmightbesomewhathesitant,butasitcametoknowtheuseritwouldprogresstoamorerelaxedandintimatestyle.Themachinewouldnotbeapassiveparticipantbutwouldadditsownsuggestions,information,andopinions;itwouldsometimestaketheinitiativeindevelopingorchangingthetopicandwouldhaveapersonalityofitsown.
Friendshipsarenotmadeinaday,andthecomputerwouldbemoreacceptableasafriendifitimitatedthegradualchangesthatoccurwhenonepersonisgettingtoknowanother.Atanappropriatetimeitmightalsoexpressthekindofaffectionthatstimulatesattachmentandintimacy.Thewholeprocesswouldbeaccomplishedinasubtlewaytoavoidgivinganimpressionofover-familiaritythatwouldbelikelytoproduceirritation.Afterexperiencingawealthofpowerful,well-timedfriendshipindicators,theuserwouldbeverylikelytoacceptthecomputerasfarmorethanamachineandmightwellcometoregarditasafriend.
Anartificialrelationshipofthistypewouldprovidemanyofthebenefitsthatcouldcontinuefrompreviousdiscussions.Itwouldhaveafamiliaritywiththeuser'slifeasrevealedinearliercontact,anditwouldbeunderstandingandgood-humored.Thecomputer’sownpersonalitywouldbelivelyandimpressive,anditwoulddevelopinresponsetothatoftheuser.Withfeaturessuchasthese,themachinemightindeedbecomeaveryattractivesocialpartner.
1.Whichofthefollowingisnotafeatureoftheidealcompanionmachine?
2.Thecomputerwoulddevelopfriendshipswithhumansina(an)()way.
3.Whichofthefollowingaspectsisnotmentionedwhenthepassagediscussesthebenefitsofartificialrelationships?
4.Throughoutthepassage,theauthoris()inhisattitudetowardthecomputer.
5.Whichmightbethemostappropriatetitleofthepassage?
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.Activeincommunication
B.Attractiveinpersonality
C.Enjoyableinperfomiance
D.unpredictableinbehavior
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.quick
B.unpredictable
C.productive
D.inconspicuous
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.Beingabletopickupaninterestingconversation.
B.Beingsensitivetoearliercontact.
C.Beingreadytolearnabouttheperson'slife.
D.Havingapleasantandadaptablepersonality.
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.favorable
B.critical
C.vague
D.hesitant
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.ArtificialRelationships
B.HowtoFormIntimateRelationships
C.TheAffectionateMachine
D.HumansandComputers
【答案】第1題:D
第2題:D
第3題:B
第4題:A
第5題:C
【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A:在交流上是生動(dòng)的,第一段指出:Themachinewouldnotbeapassiveparticipantbutwouldadditsownsuggestions,information,andopinions(這個(gè)機(jī)械將不是被動(dòng)的參與者,而將會(huì)增加自己的建議、信息和意見),由此可知A項(xiàng)屬于理想伴侶機(jī)械的特點(diǎn)。B:在個(gè)性上有吸引力,由最后一段中“Thecomputer’sownpersonalitywouldbelivelyandimpressive...(這個(gè)電腦自己的個(gè)性將是充滿生氣且令人印象深刻……)可知B項(xiàng)屬于理想伴侶機(jī)械的特點(diǎn)。C:在表現(xiàn)上令人愉快,第一段指出:Theidealcompanionmachine—thecomputer—wouldnotonlylook,feel,andsoundfriendlybutwouldalsobeprogrammedtobehaveinapleasantmanner(想的伴侶機(jī)械(即電腦)將不僅僅在外表、感覺和聲音上是友好的,且還會(huì)被編程去以令人愉快的方式來表現(xiàn)),因此C屬于理想伴侶機(jī)械的特點(diǎn)。D:在行為上無法預(yù)測(cè),由第一段中“yetthemachinewouldremainslightlyunpredictable(但是這個(gè)機(jī)械(即電腦)也仍然稍微有些不可預(yù)測(cè))”可知D不符合原文所述。因此選D。
2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段指出:Thewholeprocesswouldbeaccomplishedinasubtlewaytoavoidgivinganimpressionofover-familiaritythatwouldbelikelytoproduceirritation(這整個(gè)過程(即人與電腦之間友誼形成的過程)將會(huì)以一種微妙的方式來實(shí)現(xiàn),以便避免去給出一個(gè)將可能引起惱怒的過度親密的印象),因此D項(xiàng)“難以察覺的”正確。
3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A:能發(fā)起一段有趣的對(duì)話,第一段指出:itwouldsometimestaketheinitiativeindevelopingorchangingthetopic(它有時(shí)會(huì)主動(dòng)提出或改變互動(dòng)的活題),因此A項(xiàng)符合原文所述。B:受先前的交流影響,文章并未提及。C:準(zhǔn)備去了解人的生活,由第一段中“initsfirstencounteritmightbesomewhathesitant,butasitcametoknowtheuseritwouldprogresstoamorerelaxedandintimatestyle(在電腦首次與人進(jìn)行互動(dòng)時(shí),它可能有些遲疑,但隨著對(duì)使用者的了解,在互動(dòng)吋它會(huì)變得更放松且親密)”可知C項(xiàng)符合原文所述。D:有一個(gè)令人喜歡且能隨機(jī)應(yīng)變的個(gè)性,最后一段指出:itwoulddevelopinresponsetothatoftheuser.Withfeaturessuchasthese,themachinemightindeedbecomeaveryattractivesocialpartner(它會(huì)相應(yīng)使川者的性格來形成固己的性格。帶著如這些樣的性格,這個(gè)機(jī)械可能的確變成一個(gè)非常有吸引力的社會(huì)伙伴)。因此D符合原文所述。因此本題選B。
4.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。從末段中“Withfeaturessuchasthese,themachinemightindeedbecomeaveryattractivesocialpartner(因?yàn)檫@些特征,這個(gè)機(jī)械可能的確變成一個(gè)非常有吸引力的社會(huì)伙伴)”可以看出作者持贊成的態(tài)度。故選A。
5.主旨大意題。作者在第一段提出“有感情的機(jī)械”這個(gè)話題及隨后段落“闡述有感情的機(jī)械與人在友誼形成方式及這種人造友誼帶來的好處,因此C項(xiàng)“有感情的機(jī)械”比較適合做文章標(biāo)題。
3.單選題
Americansusuallyconsiderthemselvesafriendlypeople.Theirfriendships,however,tendtobeshorterandmorecasualthanfriendshipsamongpeoplefromothercultures.ItisnotuncommonforAmericanstohaveonlyoneclosefriendduringtheirlifetime,andconsiderother“friends”tobejustsocialacquaintances.ThisattitudeprobablyhassomethingtodowithAmericanmobilityandthefactthatAmericansdonotliketobedependentonotherpeople.Theytendto“compartmentalize”friendships,having“friendsatwork”,“friendsonthesoftballteam”,“familyfriends”,etc.
BecausetheUnitedStatesisahighlyactivesociety,fullofmovementandchange,peoplealwaysseemtobeonthego.Inthishighlychargedatmosphere,Americanscansometimesseembrusqueorimpatient.Theywanttogettoknowyouasquicklyaspossibleandthenmoveontosomethingelse.Sometimes,earlyon,theywillaskyouquestionsthatyoumayfeelareverypersonal.Noinsultisintended;thequestionsusuallygrowoutoftheirgenuineinterestorcuriosity,andtheirimpatiencetogettotheheartofthematter.Andthesamegoesforyou.IfyoudonotunderstandcertainAmericanbehaviororyouwanttoknowmoreaboutthem,donothesitatetoaskthemquestionsaboutthemselves.Americansareusuallyeagertoexplainallabouttheircountryoranything“American”inwhichyoumaybeinterested.Somuchsoinfatthatyoumaybecometiredoflistening.Itdoesn’tmatterbecauseAmericanstendtobeuncomfortablewithsilenceduringaconversation.Theywouldrathertalkabouttheweatherorthelatestsportsscores,forexample,thandealwithsilence.
Ontheotherhand,don’texpectAmericanstobeknowledgeableaboutinternationalgeographyorworldaffairs,unlessthosesubjectsdirectlyinvolvetheUnitedStates.BecausetheUnitedStatesisnotsurroundedbymanyothernations,someAmericanstendtoignoretherestoftheworld.
41.Thegeneraltopicofthepassageis______.
42.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?
43.Thephrase“highlycharged”(Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans______.
44.Itcaninferredfromthepassagethat______.
45.Accordingtothepassage,Americanstendtoignoretherestoftheworldbecause______.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.Americanculture
B.Americansociety
C.Americans’personality
D.Americans’activities
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.Americansknowalotaboutinternationalaffairs.
B.FriendshipsamongAmericanstendtobecasual.
C.Americansdonotliketodependonotherpeople.
D.Americansalwaysseemtobeonthego.
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.extremelyfree
B.highlyresponsible
C.fullofmobilityandchange
D.verycheerful
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.Americanswanttoparticipateinallkindsofactivities
B.Americans,characterisaffectedbytheirsocialandgeographicalenvironment
C.Americansdonotknowhowtodealwithsilence
D.curiosityischaracteristicofAmericans
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.theyarenotinterestedinothercountries
B.theyaretooproudofthemselves
C.theircountrydoesnothavemanyneighboringnations
D.theyaretoobusytolearnaboutothercountries
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:A
第3題:C
第4題:B
第5題:C
【解析】41.【試題答案】C
【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干的意思是“這篇文章的主題是什么?”。根據(jù)文章首段Americansusuallyconsiderthemselvesafriendlypeople.Theirfriendships,however,tendtobeshorterandmorecasualthanfriendshipsamongpeoplefromothercultures.ItisnotuncommonforAmericanstohaveonlyoneclosefriendduringtheirlifetime,andconsiderother“‘‘friends”tobejustsocialacquaintances.ThisattitudeprobablyhassomethingtodowithAmericanmobilityandthefactthatAmericansdonotliketobedependentonotherpeople.(美國(guó)人通常認(rèn)為自己是一個(gè)友好的民族。然而,與其他文化背景的人相比,他們的友誼往往更短,也更隨意。美國(guó)人一生中只有一個(gè)親密的朋友,并認(rèn)為其他“朋友”只是社會(huì)上的熟人,這是很常見的。這種態(tài)度可能與美國(guó)人的流動(dòng)性以及美國(guó)人不喜歡依賴他人這一事實(shí)有關(guān)。)可知,這篇文章主要討論的是美國(guó)人性格方面的內(nèi)容;所以C項(xiàng)“美國(guó)人的性格”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“美國(guó)文化”,B項(xiàng)“美國(guó)社會(huì)”和D項(xiàng)“美國(guó)人的活動(dòng)”都只是在文中提及過幾句而已,不足以代表全文的主旨。因此該題選C。
42.【試題答案】A
【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干的意思是“根據(jù)文章,下列哪一項(xiàng)陳述是不正確的?”。A項(xiàng)“美國(guó)人對(duì)國(guó)際事務(wù)很了解”,文章末段提到Ontheotherhand,don’texpectAmericanstobeknowledgeableaboutinternationalgeographyorworldaffairs,unlessthosesubjectsdirectlyinvolvetheUnitedStates.(另一方面,不要期望美國(guó)人對(duì)國(guó)際地理或世界事務(wù)了如指掌,除非這些問題直接涉及美國(guó)。),由此可知,美國(guó)人對(duì)國(guó)際事務(wù)不是很了解,所以A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。B項(xiàng)“美國(guó)人之間的友誼往往是隨意的”,根據(jù)第一段第二句Theirfriendships,however,tendtobeshorterandmorecasualthanfriendshipsamongpeoplefromothercultures.(然而,與其他文化背景的人相比,他們的友誼往往更短,也更隨意)可知B項(xiàng)正確。C項(xiàng)“美國(guó)人不喜歡依賴別人”,第一段倒數(shù)第二句提到ThisattitudeprobablyhassomethingtodowithAmericanmobilityandthefactthatAmericansdonotliketobedependentonotherpeople.(這種態(tài)度可能與美國(guó)人的流動(dòng)性以及美國(guó)人不喜歡依賴他人這一事實(shí)有關(guān)),由此可知C項(xiàng)正確。D項(xiàng)“美國(guó)人似乎總是忙個(gè)不?!保鶕?jù)第二段第二句Inthishighlychargedatmosphere,Americanscansometimesseembrusqueorimpatient.(在這種高度緊張的氣氛中,美國(guó)人有時(shí)會(huì)顯得粗魯或不耐煩)和第三句Theywanttogettoknowyouasquicklyaspossibleandthenmoveontosomethingelse.(他們想盡快了解你,然后再去做其他的事情)可知,美國(guó)人總是忙碌的,所以會(huì)盡快了解一個(gè)人然后再去做其他的事情。D項(xiàng)正確。因此該題選A。
43.【試題答案】C
【試題解析】語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。題干的意思是“第二段的短語(yǔ)’highlycharged’最有可能是什么意思?”。根據(jù)題干定位到文中第二段;上文指出BecausetheUnitedStatesisahighlyactivesociety,fullofmovementandchange,peoplealwaysseemtobeonthego.(因?yàn)槊绹?guó)是一個(gè)高度活躍的社會(huì),充滿了運(yùn)動(dòng)和變化,人們似乎總是在前進(jìn)),由此可知,下文的highlycharged指的是上文中的fullofmovementandchange,所以C項(xiàng)“充滿流動(dòng)性和變化”正確。A項(xiàng)“極度自由”,B項(xiàng)“高度負(fù)責(zé)”和D項(xiàng)“其樂融融”都不符合。因此該題選C。
44.【試題答案】B
【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干的意思是“從文章可以推斷出……”。文章最后一段指出Ontheotherhand,don’texpectAmericanstobeknowledgeableaboutinternationalgeographyorworldaffairs,unlessthosesubjectsdirectlyinvolvetheUnitedStates.BecausetheUnitedStatesisnotsurroundedbymanyothernations,someAmericanstendtoignoretherestoftheworld.(另一方面,不要期望美國(guó)人對(duì)國(guó)際地理或世界事務(wù)了如指掌,除非這些問題直接涉及美國(guó)。由于美國(guó)周圍沒有許多其他國(guó)家,一些美國(guó)人傾向于忽視世界其他地區(qū)。),由此可推斷出美國(guó)這種對(duì)世界其他的事情不關(guān)心態(tài)度的性格可能是由于它的地理位置所致,因?yàn)樗車]有其他的國(guó)家包圍;所以B項(xiàng)“美國(guó)人的性格受到社會(huì)和地理環(huán)境的影響”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“美國(guó)人希望參加各種各樣的活動(dòng)”文中沒有提到;C項(xiàng)“美國(guó)人不知道如何應(yīng)對(duì)沉默”,第二段倒數(shù)第二句提到Itdoesn’tmatterbecauseAmericanstendtobeuncomfortablewithsilenceduringaconversation.(這沒關(guān)系,因?yàn)槊绹?guó)人往往會(huì)對(duì)交談中的沉默感到不舒服)可知,美國(guó)人不是不知道如何應(yīng)對(duì)沉默而是他們會(huì)感到不舒服,C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;D項(xiàng)“好奇心是美國(guó)人的特點(diǎn)”,第二段第四句提到thequestionsusuallygrowoutoftheirgenuineinterestorcuriosity,andtheirimpatiencetogettotheheartofthematter(這些問題通常是出于他們真正的興趣或好奇,以及他們沒有耐心去了解問題的核心),這里提到美國(guó)人的好奇不是描述美國(guó)人好奇的特點(diǎn),而是解釋美國(guó)人不耐煩的原因,D項(xiàng)也錯(cuò)誤。因此該題選B。
45.【試題答案】C
【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干的意思是“根據(jù)文章,美國(guó)人傾向于忽視世界其他地區(qū),因?yàn)椤?。根?jù)文章最后一句BecausetheUnitedStatesisnotsurroundedbymanyothernations,someAmericanstendtoignoretherestoftheworld.(由于美國(guó)周圍沒有許多其他國(guó)家,一些美國(guó)人傾向于忽視世界其他地區(qū))可知,美國(guó)人傾向于忽視世界其他地區(qū)是因?yàn)槊绹?guó)周圍沒有許多其他國(guó)家,所以C項(xiàng)“他們的國(guó)家沒有許多鄰國(guó)”正確。A項(xiàng)“他們對(duì)其他國(guó)家不感興趣”文章沒有提到美國(guó)人對(duì)其他國(guó)家不感興趣;B項(xiàng)“他們太過驕傲”文中也未提及;D項(xiàng)“他們太忙以至于沒有時(shí)間去了解其他國(guó)家”,這是他們會(huì)顯得粗魯或不耐煩的原因,不是沒時(shí)間去了解其他國(guó)家的原因。因此該題選C。
4.單選題
Everyday,manypeoplecometovisitthe(
)oftheoldcastle.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.location
B.highland
C.site
D.desert
【答案】C
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:每天都有人來參觀城堡的遺址。location“場(chǎng)所”;highland“高低”;site“遺址”;desert“沙漠”。根據(jù)句意,選項(xiàng)C符合題意。
5.單選題
Thespeaker______uswithtalesofexoticlandsandburiedtreasure.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.detour
B.offset
C.tantalized
D.ushered
【答案】C
【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】
A.detour繞行,繞道B.offset抵消,彌補(bǔ);襯托出
C.tantalized逗弄;令人干著急D.ushered引導(dǎo);招待;迎接
【答案】C
【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。
【解題思路】根據(jù)withtalesofexoticlandsandburiedtreasure(講述異國(guó)風(fēng)情和埋藏寶藏的故事)可知,這個(gè)演講者是通過講故事來逗樂我們,C項(xiàng)詞義符合句意。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。
【句意】演講者講了許多關(guān)于異國(guó)他鄉(xiāng)和埋藏寶藏的故事,把我們逗樂了。
6.單選題
Notonly______muchbiggerthananyplanet,butunliketheplanets,itconsistscompletelyofgaseousmaterial.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.thesunis
B.thesun,whichis
C.isthesun
D.thatthesun
【答案】C
【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意:太陽(yáng)不僅比任何行星都要大得多,而且不同的是,它完全由氣體物質(zhì)組成。根據(jù)題目和選項(xiàng)確定考查固定搭配notonly…but的部分倒裝,notonly放在句首的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)為notonly+助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+其他,C選項(xiàng)isthesun選項(xiàng)符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。
7.單選題
Onlyafterhehasacquiredconsiderablefacilityinspeaking().
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.thenhelearnsreadingandwriting
B.doeshelearntoreadandwrite
C.finallycomesreadingandwriting
D.hebegantoreadandtowrite
【答案】B
【解析】考查部分倒裝。Only+副詞/介詞短語(yǔ)/狀語(yǔ)從句位于句首時(shí),主句要用部分倒裝。即需要將be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)前,句中的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞位置不變。句意:他只有在獲得相當(dāng)多的說的能力之后,才學(xué)會(huì)讀和寫。AD選項(xiàng)都沒有使用倒裝,可以排除,C選項(xiàng)倒裝后句中缺少主語(yǔ),故選B。
8.單選題
TheGreatPanicof2008mayhavedestroyedblindoptimism.Butifexcessiveoptimismwasthenear-fatalposein2008,blindpessimismhasemergedasthereflexivepost-bustcrouch.Andithasledtheeconomicestablishmenttomissyetanotherinflectionpoint.WhilewewerewringingourhandsaboutAmerica'sfinancialandindustrialcrisis,weignoredaparallelnarrativethatwasemerging:therepairingofbalancesheets,anembraceofreality,anascentrecovery.Thesamefolkswhochasedtherecessiondownnowarelikelytochasetherecoveryup.
Evenastheeconomystartedimproving,corporateAmericacontinuedtoprepareforArmageddonformuchof2009.Inventoriesofmanufacturedgoodsfellin10ofthefirst11monthsof2009.BetweenOctober2008andOctober2009,retailersslashedinventoriesfrom$500billionto$432billion.Translation?Pessimisticabouttheirabilitytosellstuff,companiescutwaybackontheirorders.Butwhenconsumerdemandfinallymaterializes,retailerswillbecaughtflat-footedandmissoutonsales.
Excessivepessimisminotherareashasbeenmorecostly.VirtuallyallthemarketgeniuseswhohungonastheDowwasscythedinhalfbetweenOctober2007andMarch2009failedtocallthemarketturn.Mosthedge-fundmanagershavechasedthe60percentrallysinceMarch,notledit.Economicforecasterssimilarlymissedthedramaticturnintheoveralleconomythisspring.Havingfailedtoforecastthattheeconomywouldshrinkata6percentannualratethroughthefirstquarterof2009,economistsalsofailedtoprojectitwouldstartgrowingagainatadecentpaceinJune.Andthey'restillbehindthecurve.Myboldpredictionfor2010isthattheconsensusoftheforecasterssurveyedbythePhiladelphiaFederalReserve,whichprojectstheeconomywillgrowonly2.4percentin2010,istoopessimistic,perhapsbyhalf.
Thenthere'salargepopulationofnon-ideologueswhomaynotfullyembracethenarrativeofeconomicrecoverybecausetheydon'tfeelityetintheirpaychecks,portfolios,orhomevalues.Trytellingalaid-offautoworkerinMichiganoralaid-offmagazineeditorinBrooklynthatthingsarebetter.Buttheymaysoonbeinforpleasantsurprises,too.Foralltheadvancesofinformationtechnology,bigeconomicturnsalwaystakeusunawares.In2007allindicatorsflashedgreen—untilthebottomsuddenlyfellout.Inthisenvironment,thingscanlookawful,untilaneworderunexpectedlycomesinorafewdealsbreakinyourfirm'sfavor.Allofasudden,thingsseemmuchbetter.
We'reinaMissourieconomynow,oneinwhichrecoveryhastobeshown,nottold.Economicconditionsmaybeimproving,butitstillmaytakemorethanafewquartersofgrowthbeforepeoplefullycommittorecovery,bothfinanciallyandpsychologically.Ifcreditmeansbelief,sincethecreditcrisisbegantwoyearsago,beliefhasbeeninshortsupply.Maybeit'stimeforalittleblindfaith.
1.Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?
2.Thelastsentenceofthesecondparagraphmostprobablyimpliesthat().
3.Theword"non-ideologues"inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto().
4.Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat().
5.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheattitudeoftheauthortowardseconomicrecovery?
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.EconomicPessimismvs.EconomicOptimism.
B.AmericanEconomyaftertheRecession.
C.EconomicForecastfor2010.
D.TheDangersofEconomicPessimism.
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.theretailersareunpreparedwhenthecustomerswanttopurchase
B.theretailersarefoundtohaveflatfeetsotheymissoutonsales
C.theunexpectedeconomicrecessionmakestheretailerslosetheirheads
D.theflat-footedretailers'salesareextinguishedbyothers'
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.peoplewhoarenotadvocatesofacertainideology
B.peoplewhoarepragmatists
C.peoplewhoareidealists
D.peoplewhobelieveinnothing
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.wecannotbetoooptimisticabouteconomicrecovery
B.economyhasalreadyrecoveredsopeopleshouldbeoptimistic
C.it'llstilltaketimeforpeopletobelievethateconomyisrecovering
D.peopledonotbelieveincreditanymore
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.Pessimistic.
B.Disinterested.
C.Suspicious.
D.Optimistic.
【答案】第1題:D
第2題:A
第3題:B
第4題:C
第5題:D
【解析】1.主旨題。根據(jù)文章第一段,“Butifexcessiveoptimismwasthenear-fatalposein2008,blindpessimismhasemergedasthereflexivepost-bustcrouch.”,可知但如果說過度樂觀是2008年近乎致命的因素,那么盲目悲觀則會(huì)從反方向給經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來不好的后果。可判斷出文章主要談及了悲觀主義對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展帶來的危害。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。
2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段,“Pessimisticabouttheirabilitytosellstuff,companiescutwaybackontheirorders.Butwhenconsumerdemandfinallymaterializes,retailerswillbecaughtflat-footedandmissoutonsales.”,可知由于對(duì)自己的銷售能力感到悲觀,企業(yè)紛紛削減訂單。但當(dāng)消費(fèi)者需求最終實(shí)現(xiàn)時(shí),零售商將措手不及,錯(cuò)失銷售良機(jī)。可判斷出最后一句的意思是當(dāng)顧客想買東西時(shí),零售商們毫無準(zhǔn)備。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。
3.詞義理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段,“Thenthere'salargepopulationofnon-ideologueswhomaynotfullyembracethenarrativeofeconomicrecoverybecausetheydon'tfeelityetintheirpaychecks,portfolios,orhomevalues.”,可知還有很多非空想家,他們可能不會(huì)完全接受經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇的說法,因?yàn)樗麄兊男剿?、投資或房屋價(jià)值還沒有發(fā)生改變,沒有經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇的跡象??膳袛喑鰊on-ideologues意思為實(shí)用主義者。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。
4.推斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段,“Economicconditionsmaybeimproving,butitstillmaytakemorethanafewquartersofgrowthbeforepeoplefullycommittorecovery,bothfinanciallyandpsychologically.”,可知經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況可能正在改善,但在人們完全致力于經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇和心理恢復(fù)之前,仍可能需要幾個(gè)季度以上的增長(zhǎng)??膳袛喑鋈藗?nèi)匀恍枰獣r(shí)間來相信經(jīng)濟(jì)正在復(fù)蘇。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。
5.作者態(tài)度題??v觀全文,第一段提及了盲目悲觀會(huì)從反方向給經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來不好影響,第二段提到美國(guó)還在為經(jīng)濟(jì)的不好狀況做準(zhǔn)備,第三段主要提到很多人仍然沒有感受到經(jīng)濟(jì)的復(fù)蘇,最后一段提及人們確實(shí)需要對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇持有盲目的自信心理。根據(jù)文章最后一句,“Maybeit'stimeforalittleblindfaith.”,可知作者認(rèn)為對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇應(yīng)該存在盲目的信仰,可判斷出作者的態(tài)度是樂觀的。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。
9.單選題
Educationisoneofthekeywordsofourtime.Aman,withoutaneducation,manyofusbelieve,isanunfortunatevictimofadversecircumstancesdeprivedofoneofthegreatesttwentieth-centuryopportunities.Convincedoftheimportanceofeducation,modernstates“invest”ininstitutionsoflearningtogetback“interest”intheformofalargegroupofenlightenedyoungmenandwomenwhoarepotentialleaders.Education,withitscyclesofinstructionsocarefullyworkedout,ispunctuatedbytextbooks—thosepurchasablewellsofwisdom—whatwouldcivilizationbelikewithoutitsbenefits?
Somuchiscertain:thatwewouldhavedoctorsandpreachers,lawyersanddefendants,marriagesandbirths;butourspiritualoutlookwouldbedifferent.Wewouldlaylessstresson“factsandfigures”andmoreonagoodmemory,onappliedpsychology,andonthecapacityofamantogetalongwithhisfellow-citizens.Ifoureducationalsystemwerefashionedafteritsbooklesspastwewouldhavethemostdemocraticformof“college”imaginable.Amongthepeoplewhomweliketocallsavagesallknowledgeinheritedbytraditionissharedbyall;itistaughttoeverymemberofthetribesothatinthisrespecteverybodyisequallyequippedforlife.
Itistheidealconditionofthe“equalstart”whichonlyourmostprogressiveformsofmoderneducationtrytoregain.Inprimitiveculturestheobligationtoseekandtoreceivethetraditionalinstructionisbindingtoall.Thereareno“illiterates”一ifthetermcanbeappliedtopeoplewithoutascript—whileourowncompulsoryschoolattendancebecamelawinGermanyin1642,inFrancein1806,andinEngland1876,andisstillnon-existentinanumberof“civilized”nations.Thisshowshowlongitwasbeforewedeemeditnecessarytomakesurethatallourchildrencouldshareintheknowledgeaccumulatedbythe“happyfew”duringthepastcenturies.
Educationinthewildernessisnotamatterofmonetarymeans.Allareentitledtoanequalstart.Thereisnoneofthehurrywhich,inoursociety,oftenhampersthefulldevelopmentofagrowingpersonality.There,achildgrowsupundertheever-presentattentionofhisparents,thereforethejunglesandthegrasslandsknowofno“juveniledelinquency”.Nonecessityofmakingalivingawayfromhomeresultsinneglectofchildrenandnofatherisconfrontedwithhisinabilityto“buy”aneducationforhischild.
1.Theword“interest”inthefirstparagraphmostprobablymeans(
).
2.Accordingtothepassage,theauthorseemstobe(
).
3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat(
).
4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?
5.Thebesttitleforthispassageis(
).
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.pleasure
B.returns
C.share
D.knowledge
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.againsttheeducationintheveryearlyhistorictimes
B.infavoroftheeducationalpracticeinprimitivecultures
C.quitehappytoseeanequalstartforeveryone
D.positiveaboutourpresenteducationalinstruction
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.theaimof“equalstart”hasalreadybeenreachedamongsavages
B.savagesinancienttimesaremorecivilizedthanmodernpeople
C.themoderneducationsystemismoredemocraticthanbefore
D.therearenoilliteratesincivilizednationsintoday’ssociety
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.Educationcan’tworkwithoutthebenefitsoftextbooks.
B.Wehavenotyetdecidedonoureducationalmodels.
C.Compulsoryschoolingisnotexistentinallnations.
D.Ourspiritualoutlookisbetternowthanbefore.
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.EducationandModernCivilization
B.TheSignificanceofModernEducation
C.EducationalInvestmentandtheProfitItBrings
D.Education:AComparisonbetweenPastandPresent
【答案】第1題:B
第2題:B
第3題:A
第4題:C
第5題:D
【解析】1.根據(jù)原文句意:由于深信教育的重要性,現(xiàn)代國(guó)家“投資”于學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)構(gòu),培養(yǎng)一大批開明的,有可能成為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的青年男女,以此來獲得“回報(bào)”?!癷nvest”和“interest”相對(duì)應(yīng),所以選項(xiàng)B正確。
2.根據(jù)第三段第一句“Itistheidealconditionofthe“equalstart”whichonlyourmostprogressiveformsofmoderneducationtrytoregain.”這是“平等起步”的理想狀態(tài),只有我們最先進(jìn)的現(xiàn)代教育形式才試圖恢復(fù)這種理想狀態(tài)。由此可以推斷,作者似乎贊同原始文化中的平等教育傳統(tǒng),所以選項(xiàng)B符合原文。
3.根據(jù)第二段的最后兩句,在我們喜歡稱之為野蠻人的人群中,所有由傳統(tǒng)繼承的知識(shí)都為所有人所共享;它被教導(dǎo)給部落的每一個(gè)成員,因此在這方面,每個(gè)人都是平等地為生活做好準(zhǔn)備。由此可知,野蠻人已經(jīng)達(dá)到了“平等起步”的目標(biāo),所以選項(xiàng)A正確。
4.根據(jù)第三段“...ourowncompulsoryschoolattendancebecamelawinGermanyin1642,inFrancein1806,andinEngland1876,andisstillnon-existentinanumberof“civilized”nations.”德國(guó)于1642年將義務(wù)教育列入法律條文,法國(guó)在1806年,英國(guó)是在1876年,但是在一些“文明”國(guó)家仍然不存在。由此可知,并非所有的國(guó)家都有義務(wù)教育,選項(xiàng)C符合原文。
5.結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知,本文主要將過去的教育和現(xiàn)代的教育進(jìn)行對(duì)比,指出現(xiàn)代教育的不足之處,選項(xiàng)D最能概括全文,所以正確。
10.單選題
Treesshouldonlybeprunedwhenthereisagoodandclearreasonfordoingsoand,fortunately,thenumberofsuchreasonsissmall.Pruninginvolvesthecuttingawayofovergrownandunwantedbranches,andtheinexperiencedgardenercanbeencouragedbythethoughtthatmoredamageresultsfromdoingitunnecessarilythanfromleavingthetreetogrowinitsownway.
First,pruningmaybedonetomakesurethattreeshaveadesiredshapeorsize.Theobjectmaybetogetatreeoftherightheight,andatthesametimetohelpthegrowthofsmallsidebrancheswhichwillthickenitsappearanceorgiveitaspecialshape.Secondly,pruningmaybedonetomakethetreehealthier.Youmaycutdiseasedordeadwood,orbranchesthatarerubbingagainsteachotherandthuscausewounds.Thehealthofatreemaybeencouragedbyremovingbranchesthatareblockingupthecentreandsopreventingthefreemovementofair.
Oneresultofpruningisthatanopenwoundisleftonthetreeandthisprovidesaneasyentryfordisease,butitisawoundthatwillheal.Oftenthereisaracebetweenthehealingandthediseaseastowhetherthetreewillliveordie,sothatthereisaperiodwhenthetreeisatrisk.Itshouldbetheaimofeverygardenertoreducethatriskofdeathasfaraspossible.Itisessentialtomakethearea,whichhasbeenpruned,smoothandclean,forhealingwillbesloweddownbyroughness.Youshouldallowthecutsurfacetodryforafewhoursandthenpaintitwithoneofthesubstancesavailablefromgardenshopsproducedespeciallyforthispurpose.Pruningisusuallywithoutinterferencefromtheleavesandalsoitisveryunlikelythatthecutsyoumakewillbleed.Ifthisdoeshappen,itis,ofcourse,impossibletopaintthemproperly.
1.Pruningshouldbedoneto().
2.Treesbecomeunhealthyifthegardener().
3.Whyisaspecialsubstancepaintedonthetree?
4.Agoodgardenerprunesatree().
5.Whatwastheauthor’spurposewhenwritingthispassage?
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.makethetreegrowtaller
B.improvetheshapeofthetree
C.getridofthesmallbranches
D.makethesmallbranchesthicker
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.allowstoomanybranchestogrowinthemiddle
B.doesnotprotectthemfromwind
C.forcesthemtogrowtooquickly
D.damagessomeofthesmallsidebranches
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.Tomakeawoundsmooth.
B.Topreventdiseaseenteringawound.
C.Tocoveraroughsurface.
D.Tohelpawoundtodry.
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.atintervalsthroughouttheyear
B.asquicklyaspossible
C.occasionallywhennecessary
D.regulareverywinter
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.Togivepracticalinstructionforpruningatree.
B.Togiveageneraldescriptionofpruning.
C.Toexplainhowtreesdevelopdiseases.
D.Todiscussdifferentmethodsofpruning.
【答案】第1題:B
第2題:A
第3題:B
第4題:C
第5題:A
【解析】1.根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“Pruningshouldbedone”定位至第二段:pruningmaybedonetomakesurethattreeshaveadesiredshapeorsize(修枝是為了確保樹木按照所需要的形狀或大小生長(zhǎng))。因此,B項(xiàng)為正確答案。
2.根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“Treesbecomeunhealthy”定位至第二段:Thehealthofatreemaybeencouragedbyremovingbranchesthatareblockingupthecentre…(剪去堵塞中心的樹枝可以促進(jìn)樹木的健康)。因此推測(cè),樹木中心的樹枝太多不利于樹木的生長(zhǎng),A項(xiàng)為正確答案。
3.根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“specialsubstancepaintedonthetree”定位至第三段:Oneresultofpruningisthatanopenwoundisleftonthetreeandthisprovidesaneasyentryfordisease...andthenpaintitwithoneofthesubstancesavailablefromgardenshopsproducedespeciallyforthispurpose.由此可知,在樹木切口表面漆上特殊的材料就是為了防止病害從樹木切口進(jìn)入,B項(xiàng)為正確答案。
4.第一段指出:moredamageresultsfromdoingitunnecessarilythanfromleavingthetreetogrowinitsownway(不必要的剪枝會(huì)給樹木帶來更多的傷害)。由此推測(cè),好的園丁只是在必要的時(shí)候才修剪樹木,C項(xiàng)為正確答案。
5.通篇作者在闡述什么情況下修剪樹木并且詳細(xì)介紹了原因和方法。因此,作者的目的是在修剪樹木方面給予實(shí)踐指導(dǎo),A項(xiàng)為正確答案。
11.單選題
Avirtualanchorite,he(
)tohisself-sufficiency.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.adheres
B.confirms
C.conforms
D.admonishes
【答案】A
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。adhere“堅(jiān)持;依附”,為不及物動(dòng)詞,一般與to構(gòu)成adhereto“堅(jiān)持;粘附”;confirm“確認(rèn);證實(shí)”,為及物動(dòng)詞;conform“使遵守;使一致”。句意:作為隱士的他堅(jiān)持自給自足。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。
12.填空題
AfterI(1)theuniversityentranceexam,Iwasextremelyupset,becauseIwasalmostsureIh
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