考研考博-英語-興義民族師范學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-興義民族師范學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Ipreferhisplantoyours,______itismorepracticalandeasiertobecarriedout.

問題1選項

A.forwhich

B.forthat

C.inwhich

D.inthat

【答案】D

【解析】考查原因狀語從句。句意：與你的計劃相比，我更喜歡他的計劃，因為它更實際，也更容易實施。inthat是固定搭配，意為“因為”，相當于forthereasonthat,because，可用于引導原因狀語從句。其他三項不能引導原因狀語從句。因此D選項正確。

2.單選題

Aftertheconcert,theclean-upcrewfoundtheground（）withpapers,bottlesandcans.

問題1選項

A.scrubbed

B.used

C.littered

D.dispersed

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項scrubbed“擦洗；廢止；揉搓”；B選項used“用”；C選項littered“亂丟；給……墊褥草；把……弄得亂七八糟；亂扔廢棄物”；D選項dispersed“分散；傳播”。句意：音樂會結(jié)束后，清掃人員發(fā)現(xiàn)地上布滿包裝紙和瓶瓶罐罐。本句表示“包裝紙和瓶瓶罐罐被亂扔在地上”，因此C選項正確。

3.單選題

Whenweworryaboutwhomightbespyingonourprivatelives,weusuallythinkabouttheFederalagents.Buttheprivatesectoroutdoesthegovernmenteverytime.It’sLindaTripp,nottheFBI,whoisfacingchargesunderMaryland’slawsagainstsecrettelephonetaping.It’sourbanks,nottheInternalRevenueService(IRS),thatpassourprivatefinancialdatatotelemarketingfirms.

ConsumeractivistsarepressingCongressforbetterprivacylawswithoutmuchresultsofar.Thelegislatorsleantowardlettingbusinesspeopletrackourfinancialhabitsvirtuallyatwill.

Asanexampleofwhat’sgoingon,considerU.S.Bancorp,whichwasrecentlysuedfordeceptivepracticesbythestateofMinnesota.Accordingtothelawsuit,thebanksuppliedatelemarketercalledMemberWorkswithsensitivecustomerdatasuchasnames，phonenumbers,bank-accountandcredit-cardnumbers,SocialSecuritynumbers,accountbalancesandcreditlimits.

Withthesecustomerlistsinhand,MemberWorksstarteddialingfordollars-sellingdentalplans,videogames,computersoftwareandotherproductsandservices.Customerswhoaccepteda“freetrialoffer”had30daystocancel.Ifthedeadlinepassed,theywerechargedautomaticallythroughtheirbankorcredit-cardaccounts.U.S.Bancorpcollectedashareoftherevenues.

Customersweredoublydeceived,thelawsuitclaims.Theydidn’tknowthatthebankwasgivingaccountnumberstoMemberWorks.Andifcustomersasked,theywereledtothinktheanswerwasno.

ThestatesuedMemberWorksseparatelyfordeceptiveselling.Thecompanydeniesthatitdidanythingwrong.Foritspart,U.S.Bancorpsettledwithoutadmittinganymistakes.Butitagreedtostopexposingitscustomerstononfinancialproductssoldbyoutsidefirms.Afewtopbanksdecidedtodothesame.ManyotherbankswillstilldobusinesswithMemberWorksandsimilarfirms.

Andbankswillstillbeminingdatafromyouraccountinordertosellyoufinancialproducts,includingthingsoflittlevalue,suchascreditinsuranceandcredit-cardprotectionplans.

Youhavealmostnoprotectionfrombusinessesthatuseyourpersonalaccountsforprofit.Forexample,nofederallawshields“transactionandexperience”information—mainlythedetailsofyourbankandcredit-cardaccounts.SocialSecuritynumbersareforsalebyprivatefirms.They’vegenerallyagreednottoselltothepublic.Buttobusinesses,thenumbersareanopenbook.Self-regulationdoesn’twork.Afirmmightpublishaprivacy-protectionpolicy,butwhoenforcesit?

TakeU.S.Bancorpagain.Customersweretold,inwriting,that“allpersonalinformationyousupplytouswillbeconsideredconfidential”.ThenitsoldyourdatatoMemberWorks.Thebankevenclaimsthatitdoesn’t“sell”yourdataatall.Itmerely“shares”itandreapsaprofit.Nowyouknow.

1.Contrarytopopularbelief,theauthorfindsthatspyingonpeople’sprivacy（）.

2.Weknowfromthepassagethat（）.

3.Whenthe“freetrial”deadlineisover,you’llbechargedwithoutnoticeforaproductorserviceif（）.

4.Businessesdonotregardinformationconcerningpersonalbankaccountsasprivatebecause_（）_.

5.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat（）.

問題1選項

A.ispracticedexclusivelybytheFBI

B.ismoreprevalentinbusinesscircles

C.hasbeenintensifiedwiththehelpoftheIRS

D.ismainlycarriedoutbymeansofsecrettaping

問題2選項

A.thestateofMinnesotaisconsideringdrawinguplawstoprotectprivateinformation

B.moststatesareturningablindeyetothedeceptivepracticesofprivatebusinesses

C.legislatorsareactingtopassalawtoprovidebetterprivacyprotection

D.lawmakersareinclinedtogiveafreehandtobusinessestoinquireintocustomers’buyinghabits

問題3選項

A.youhappentorevealyourcreditcardnumber

B.youfailtocancelitwithinthespecifiedperiod

C.youfailtoapplyforextensionofthedeadline

D.youfindtheproductorserviceunsatisfactory

問題4選項

A.itisconsidered“transactionandexperience”informationunprotectedbylaw

B.ithasalwaysbeenconsideredanopensecretbythegeneralpublic

C.itssalecanbebroughtundercontrolthroughself-regulation

D.itsrevelationwilldonoharmtoconsumersunderthecurrentprotectionpolicy

問題5選項

A.bankswillhavetochangetheirwaysofdoingbusiness

B.“freetrial”practicewilleventuallybebanned

C.privacyprotectionlawswillsoonbeenforced

D.consumers,privacywillcontinuetobeinvaded

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Buttheprivatesectoroutdoesthegovernmenteverytime.”，私營企業(yè)比政府監(jiān)視得更多，根據(jù)最后一句，“It’sourbanks….passourprivatefinancialdatatotelemarketingfirms.”，說明銀行將我們的私人財務數(shù)據(jù)給了電話銷售公司。選項B符合題意。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Thelegislatorsleantowardlettingbusinesspeopletrackourfinancialhabitsvirtuallyatwill.”，說明立法者傾向于讓商業(yè)人士隨意跟蹤我們的財務習慣。選項D符合題意。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“…h(huán)ad30daystocancel.Ifthedeadlinepassed,theywerechargedautomatically…”，說明有30天的取消期限，超過期限會自動收費。選項B符合題意。

4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第八段，“Youhavealmostnoprotectionfrombusinessesthatuseyourpersonalaccountsforprofit.”，企業(yè)用你的私人賬戶獲利，但是你得不到任何保護，“nofederallawshields‘transactionandexperience’information”說明私人賬戶被認為是不受法律保護的，選項B符合題意。

5.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第八段，說明沒有法律對消費者的隱私給予保護，所以消費者的利益會繼續(xù)被侵犯。選項D符合題意。

4.單選題

Youradvicewouldbe（

）valuabletohim,whoisatpresentathiswit'send.

問題1選項

A.extensively

B.exclusively

C.excessively

D.exceedingly

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞辨析。extensively意為“廣大地，廣泛地”；exclusively意為“唯一地”；excessively意為“過度地”；exceedingly意為“非常，極其”。

句意：你的建議對他來說非常的有價值，他現(xiàn)在是無計可施了。

5.單選題

Windandwatercause（）inrocksandsoil.

問題1選項

A.conversion

B.erosion

C.depression

D.diversion

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項conversion“轉(zhuǎn)變”；B選項erosion“腐蝕”；C選項depression“沮喪；洼地；不景氣；憂愁；低氣壓區(qū)”；D選項diversion“令人分心的事物；改道”。句意：風和水讓巖石和土壤……。風和水對巖石和土壤有侵蝕作用。因此B選項符合題意。

6.翻譯題

Euthanasiaisclearlyadeliberateandintentionalaspectofakilling.Takingahumanlife,evenwithsubtleritesandconsentofthepartyinvolvedisbarbaric.Noonecanjustlykillanotherhumanbeing.(1)Justasitiswrongforaserialkillertomurder,itiswrongforaphysiciantodosoaswell,nomatterwhatthemotivefordoingsomaybe.

Manythinkers,includingalmostallorthodoxCatholics,believethateuthanasiaisimmoral.(2)Theyopposekillingpatientsinanycircumstanceswhatever.However,theythinkitisallright,insomespecialcircumstances,toallowpatientstodiebywithholdingtreatment.TheAmericanMedicalAssociation’spolicystatementonmercykillingsupportsthistraditionalview.Inmypaper“ActiveandPassiveEuthanasia”Iargue,againstthetraditionalview,thatthereisinfactnonormaldifferencebetweenkillingandlettingdie—ifoneispermissible,thensoistheother.

ProfessorSullivandoesnotdisputemyargument;insteadhedismissesitasirrelevant.Thetraditionaldoctrine,hesays,doesnotappealtoordependonthedistinctionbetweenkillingandlettingdie.Therefore,argumentsagainstthatdistinction“l(fā)eavethetraditionalpositionuntouched”.

Ismyargumentreallyirrelevant?Idon’tseehowitcanbe.(3)AsSullivanhimselfpointsout,nearlyeveryoneholdsthatitissometimesmeaninglesstoprolongtheprocessofdyingandthatinthosecasesitismorallypermissibletoletapatientdieeventhoughafewmorehoursordayscouldbesavedbyproceduresthatwouldalsoincreasetheagoniesofthedying.Butifitisimpossibletodefendageneraldistinctionbetweenlettingpeopledieandactingtoterminatetheirlivesdirectly,thenitwouldseemthatactiveeuthanasiaalsomaybemorallypermissible.

(4)ButtraditionalistslikeProfessorSullivanholdthatactiveeuthanasia—thedirectkillingofpatients—isnotmorallypermissible;so,ifmyargumentissound,theirviewmustbemistaken.Icannotagree,then,thatmyargument“l(fā)eavethetraditionalpositionuntouched”.

However,Ishallnotpressthispoint.InsteadIshallpresentsomefurtherargumentsagainstthetraditionalposition,concentratingonthoseelementsofthepositionwhichprofessorSullivanhimselfthinksmostimportant.(5)Accordingtohim,whatisimportantis,first,thatweshouldneverintentionallyterminatethelifeofapatient,eitherbyactionoromission,andsecond,thatwemayceaseoromittreatmentofapatient,knowingthatthiswillresultindeath,onlyifthemeansoftreatmentinvolvedareextraordinary.

【答案】1.就像連環(huán)殺手殺人是不對的一樣，醫(yī)生殺人也是不對的，不管其殺人的動機是什么。

2.他們反對在任何情況下殺死病人。然而，他們也認為，在某些特殊情況下，允許患者因拒絕治療而死亡是沒有問題的。

3.正如沙利文（Sullivan）自己指出的那樣，幾乎每個人都認為，延長死亡過程有時是毫無意義的，在這些情況下，讓病人死去在道德上是允許的，雖然，他們通過手術可以多活幾個小時或者幾天，但是這個過程也會增加他們死亡的痛苦。

4.但是像沙利文（Sullivan）教授這樣的傳統(tǒng)主義者認為主動安樂死——直接殺死病人——在道德上是不允許的；所以，如果我的論點是正確的，那么他們的觀點就一定是錯誤的。

5.根據(jù)他的說法，重要的是，首先，我們不應該故意結(jié)束一個病人的生命，不管是通過主動安樂死還是停止治療；其次，明知停止或省略對病人的治療將導致死亡，只有在涉及的治療手段非常特殊的情況下，我們才可以這么做。

7.不定項選擇題

Manyofusarefearfulofmakingchangesinourworklives—fearisanaturalhumancondition.Wefeellessthreatenedwhenwestickwiththefamiliar.Aslongaswearereceivingapaycheck,wetoleratethedissatisfaction.Bettertojustplayitsafe.

Butthesafetynetwepreserverequiresabigtrade-off.Itoftendeniesustheopportunitytoexperienceworkthatmakesushappy,thatisconsistentwithourdesireswhilestillmeetingourmonetaryneeds.Yetmanyofusstrapourselvesintojobsinwhichtheonlyrewardismoney.

Webreedcynicismwhenwetreatourworkasnothingmorethanafinancialequation,anecessitywetolerateinordertoacquirefundstolive,withthehopeofsomehowachievingsuccessandhappinessalongtheway.That’sreallymostofuswanttobehappy.Wespend80,000hoursofourlivesatwork.Yet,weviewhappinessassomethingtobeachieved“outside”ofwork.WehireourselvesoutonMondaythroughFridayand“l(fā)ive”fortheweekends.

Mostofusdidn’tchooseourcareerstofulfillapurposeormission.Onthecontrary,wejustlookedfor“agoodjobwithagoodcompany,”reflectingsuchcriteriaaspay,titleandsecurity.Wereasonedthatifwecould“getafootinthedoor”andworkhard,ourcareerswouldgrowovertime,actually,thatourcareersandworkliveswouldjusthappen“byaccident.”Becauseofthis,manyofushavecareerstodaythatarejust“accidentswaitingtohappen.”Everydaybusinessdecisions,areorganizationplan,anacquisitionbyanothercomply,arelocationoutofthecountryofthecompany,canthrowourworklivesintodanger.Butdespitethisuncertainty,someofusstillclingtoourjobs,dissatisfyingastheymaybe.Can’ttakethatrisk!

“Hangingon”involvesrisktoo.Forwhenwesacrificepleasureforpay,ourworklacksdignity,usesourenergyand,ultimately,breaksourspirit.Anunhappy,unfulfilledworklifecontributestoanunhappy,unfulfilledpersonallife.Happinessinwork,ashappinessinlove,demandsameasureofrisk.

AuthorMarshaSimetarsuggeststhatifyou“dowhatyoulove,themoneywillfollow.”Certainlythismayseemabitrisky,perhapsidealistic,butitisundoubtedlytruethatpeoplewholovewhattheydofindwaystomakethemostmoney.

1.Fromthefirstparagraphwelearnthat（）

2.Bysayingthat“thesafetynetwepreserverequiresabigtrade-off”(paragraph2,line1)the（）

3.Welearnfromthetextthat（）

4.Accordingtothetext,whenthechangesthrowourworklivesintodanger,wewillusually（）

5.Thepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthetextisto（）

問題1選項

A.fearisoneofthefundamentaldefectsinhumancharacter.

B.peopletendtokeepstableworktoavoidthefearofchanges.

C.thepaycheckmakespeoplefeelsafeabouttheirwork.

D.peoplefeellessfearfulunderanaturalhumancondition.

問題2選項

A.peopleneedtodobusinesswhenmanagingworkandlife.

B.mencanfeelsafewhenreceivingmoney,themajorrewardofjob.

C.safetymeanssacrificingthebalancebetweenmonetaryneedsandhappinessofwork.

D.safetycanbeachievedbymeetingbothourdesireandmonetaryneeds.

問題3選項

A.peoplestrugglebetweentheidealofworkandmonetaryneeds.

B.peopledonothaveasenseofmissionnowadaysbutfancyaboutmoney.

C.happinessandmoneycanbebothachievedduringworkinmostcases.

D.thedevelopmentofourcareerisdoomedtohappen.

問題4選項

A.expressgreatdissatisfactionatthejob.

B.takeanotherworkopportunity.

C.feeluncertainabouttherisk.

D.remainatthepreviousworkposition.

問題5選項

A.persuadepeopletochoosecareerstofulfillapurpose.

B.criticizethephenomenonofworkingformoney.

C.elaboratepeople’sattitudestowardswork.

D.illustratehowtoachievesafetyofworklife.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:段落大意題?！癕anyofusarefearfulofmakingchangesinourworklives—fearisanaturalhumancondition.Wefeellessthreatenedwhenwestickwiththefamiliar.”從這句話我們可以得出正確答案為B，說的是人們?yōu)榱颂颖苣切└淖?，會傾向于堅持與我們熟悉的事物相處，因此B正確當選。

第2題:句意理解題。我們可以定位到原文的第二段第二句，“Itoftendeniesustheopportunitytoexperienceworkthatmakesushappy,thatisconsistentwithourdesireswhilestillmeetingourmonetaryneeds.”意思就是“它經(jīng)常剝奪我們體驗能使我們快樂的工作的機會，這樣的工作既符合我們的欲望，又能滿足我們的金錢需求”，也就是說我們認為的安全網(wǎng)就是用快樂來換錢（工作），也就是C項的意思，犧牲金錢和快樂之間的平衡，C當選。

第3題:細節(jié)推斷題?！爱斘覀儼压ぷ鲀H僅看作是經(jīng)濟上的平衡時，我們就會滋生犬儒主義，這是我們?yōu)榱双@得生活所需而忍受的必要條件”，這一句就暗示了A選項，說的是人們一直掙扎在理想的工作和金錢的需求中，第三段也給出了這一觀點的詳細闡述，A正確。

第4題:細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到第四段，倒數(shù)第二句“Butdespitethisuncertainty,someofusstillclingtoourjobs,dissatisfyingastheymaybe.Can’ttakethatrisk!”，意為：但盡管存在這種不確定性，我們中的一些人仍然堅持工作，盡管工作可能并不令人滿意。我不能冒這個險！告訴了我們就算是有這種不確定性，我們也不愿意改變自己的工作，答案為D。

第5題:作者意圖題。題干問作者寫這篇文章的意圖何在，我們需要縱觀全文回答，其實問的也就是文章的主旨大意，A項不對，文章只是建議人們可以去做自己熱愛的事業(yè)，而不是一定要達到一個目標；B項也不對，作者是同意人們?yōu)榱隋X而工作的，只是希望人們能有工作又快樂；C項是全文的主要論述對象，全文就是在講人們對于工作的態(tài)度如何，當選；D項無關項。答案為C。

8.單選題

Whatmightdrivingonanautomatedhighwaybelike?Theanswerdependsonwhatkindofsystemisultimatelyadopted.Twodistincttypesareonthedrawingboard.Thefirstisaspecial-purposelanesystem,inwhichcertainlanesarereservedforautomatedvehicles.Thesecondisamixedtrafficsystem:fullyautomatedvehicleswouldsharetheroadwithpartiallyautomatedormanualdrivencars.Aspecial-purposelanesystemwouldrequiremoreextensivephysicalmodificationstoexistinghighways,butitpromisesthegreatestgainsinfreewaycapacity.

Undereitherscheme,thedriverwouldspecifythedesireddestination,furnishingthisinformationtoacomputerinthecaratthebeginningofthetriporperhapsjustbeforereachingtheautomatedhighway.Ifamixedtrafficsystemwaywasinplace,automateddrivingcouldbeginwheneverthedriverwasonsuitablyequippedroads.Ifspecialpurposelaneswereavailable,thecarcouldenterthemandjoinexistingtrafficintwodifferentways.Onemethodwoulduseaspecialonramp.

Asthedriverapproachedthepointofentryforthehighway,devicesinstalledontheroadsidewouldelectronicallycheckthevehicletodetermineitsdestinationandtoascertainthatithadtheproperautomationequipmentingoodworkingorder.Assumingitpassedsuchtests,thedriverwouldthenbeguidedthroughagateandtowardanautomatedlane.Inthiscase,thetransitionfrommanualtoautomatedcontrolwouldtakeplaceontheentranceramp.Analternativetechniquecouldemployconventionallanes,whichwouldbesharedbyautomatedandregularvehicles.Thedriverwouldsteerontothehighwayandmoveinnormalfashiontoa“transition”lane.Thevehiclewouldthenshiftundercomputercontrolontoalanereservedforautomatedtraffic.(Thelimitationoftheselanestoautomatedtrafficwould,presumably,bewellrespected,becausealltrespasserscouldbeswiftlyidentifiedbyauthorities.)

Eitherapproachtojoiningalaneofautomatedtrafficwouldharmonizethemovementofnewlyenteringvehicleswiththosealreadytraveling.Automaticcontrolhereshouldallowforsmoothmergingwithouttheusualuncertaintiesandpotentialforaccidents.Andonceavehiclehadsettledintoautomatedtravel,thedriverwouldbefreetoreleasethewheel,openthemorningpaperorjustrelax.

1.Welearnfromthefirstparagraphthattwosystemsofautomatedhighways（

）.

2.Aspecial-purposelanesystemisprobablyadvantageousinthat（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutdrivingonanautomatedhighway?

4.Weknowfromthepassagethatacarcanenteraspecialpurposelane（

）.

5.Whendrivinginanautomatedlane.Thedriver（

）.

問題1選項

A.arebeingplanned

B.arebeingmodified

C.arenowinwideuse

D.areunderconstruction

問題2選項

A.itwouldrequireonlyminorchangestoexistinghighways

B.itwouldachievethegreatesthighwaytrafficefficiency

C.ithasalaneforbothautomatedandpartiallyautomatedvehicles

D.itoffersmorelanesforautomatedvehicles

問題3選項

A.Vehiclestravelingonitareassigneddifferentlanesaccordingtotheirdestinations.

B.Acarcanjoinexistingtrafficanytimeinamixedlanesystem.

C.Thedrivershouldinformhiscarcomputerofhisdestinationbeforedrivingontoit.

D.Thedrivershouldsharetheautomatedlanewiththoseofregularvehicles.

問題4選項

A.bysmoothlymergingwithcarsontheconventionallane

B.bywayofarampwithelectroniccontroldevices

C.throughaspeciallyguardedgate

D.afteralltrespassersareidentifiedandremoved

問題5選項

A.shouldharmonizewithnewlyenteringcars

B.doesn’thavetorelyonhiscomputersystem

C.shouldwatchoutforpotentialaccidents

D.doesn’thavetoholdontothesteeringwheel

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。第一段第三句Twodistincttypesareonthedrawingboard（繪圖板上有兩種不同的類型）可知，這兩個系統(tǒng)正在設計中，因此選擇A項“正在計劃中”。B項“正在修改”，C項“現(xiàn)在被廣泛使用”，D項“正在施工中”，均錯誤。

2.細節(jié)事實題。題目問special-purposelanesystem的優(yōu)勢。定位到第一段最后一句Aspecial-purposelanesystemwouldrequiremoreextensivephysicalmodificationstoexistinghighways,butitpromisesthegreatestgainsinfreewaycapacity.（專用車道系統(tǒng)將需要對現(xiàn)有高速公路進行更廣泛的物理改造，但它有望最大程度地提高高速公路通行能力），因此B項“它將實現(xiàn)最大的公路交通效率”符合題意。A項“它只需要對現(xiàn)有的公路做一些小的改動”，根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知應該是進行廣泛的改造，故錯誤。C項“它有一條自動和半自動車道”和D項“它為自動化車輛提供了更多的車道”，在文中并未體現(xiàn)。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第二段第一句：Undereitherscheme,thedriverwouldspecifythedesireddestination,furnishingthisinformationtoacomputerinthecaratthebeginningofthetriporperhapsjustbeforereachingtheautomatedhighway.（不論采用哪種設計，司機都需要在其開始行駛時或在到達自動化高速公路前確定要去的目的地，把這個信息輸入車上的計算機），因此C“司機在開車上路之前，應該把目的地通知他的汽車電腦”是正確答案。A項“在它上面行駛的車輛根據(jù)目的地被分配了不同的車道”，未在文中提及；B項“在混合車道系統(tǒng)中，汽車可以隨時加入現(xiàn)有交通”與文章內(nèi)容相悖，因為原文第二段第二句是onsuitablyequippedroads而不是existingtraffic；D項“駕駛員應與普通車輛共用自動車道”，在第一段第四句Thesecondisamixedtrafficsystem:fullyautomatedvehicleswouldsharetheroadwithpartiallyautomatedormanualdrivencars.（第二個是混合交通系統(tǒng)：全自動車輛將與部分自動或手動駕駛的汽車共享道路），可知D項提到的情況只適用于第二種設計方案，即混合式交通系統(tǒng)。故A、B、D均不是答案。

4.細節(jié)事實題。題目詢問從文章中我們可得知汽車____進入專用汽車車道。根據(jù)文章第二段Ifspecial-purposelaneswereavailable,thecarcouldenterthemandjoinexistingtrafficintwodifferentways.Onemethodwoulduseaspecialonramp...(如果使用專門車道，汽車可以通過兩種方式進入車道，匯入已有的車流中。一種方法是使用特別的入口引道……)，B項“通過帶有電子控制裝置的斜坡”與文章所闡述的觀點一致；C項“穿過一扇特別守衛(wèi)的大門”與文中的觀點不符，只有在通過檢測后，才能通過此門；A項“通過與常規(guī)車道上的車輛平滑合并”和D項“在所有非法闖入者被識別和清除之后”顯然與文章的意思不符。

5.細節(jié)事實題。題目詢問行駛在自動車道上時，司機______。根據(jù)文章最后一段Andonceavehiclehadsettledintoautomatedtravelthedriverwouldbefreetoreleasethewheel，openthemorningpaperorjustrelax.（一旦汽車行駛在自動車道上，司機就不必操縱方向盤，而可以打開早報閱讀或者放松一下），D項“不必緊握方向盤”與文章的觀點相符。文章只是說在進入自動車道時才應該這樣做，因此A項“應與新進入的車輛相協(xié)調(diào)”與文章的意思不符；B項“不必依賴他的電腦系統(tǒng)”和C項“應注意潛在的事故”與文章所陳述的意思相反。

9.單選題

Sofar,thegovernmentofthatcountryliasdone（）nothingtocombatthethreatofnuclearaccidents.

問題1選項

A.perceptibly

B.vitally

C.practically

D.identically

【答案】C

【解析】句意:到目前為止，那個國家的政府事實上沒有做任何事情去應對核事故脅。

考查副詞辨析。perceptibly顯然地，看得出地；vitally緊要地，生死攸關地；practically幾乎，事實上；identically同一地，相等地。因此C符合句意。

10.單選題

Afterthefiercequarrel,theybegantohavea（

）loathingforeachother.

問題1選項

A.boring

B.reciprocal

C.friendly

D.standing

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。boring“無聊的；令人厭煩的”；reciprocal“互惠的；相互的”；friendly“友好的；親切的”；standing“長期存在的”。句意：在那次激烈的爭吵后，他們開始相互厭惡。選項B符合題意。

11.單選題

Economicgrowthinvolvesincreasesovertimeinthevolumeofacountry’spercapitagrossnationalproduct(GNP)ofgoodsandservices.Suchcontinuingincreasescanraiseaveragelivingstandardssubstantiallyandprovideastrongerbaseforotherpolicyobjectivessuchasnationaldefense,variouskindsofcapitalinvestments,orpublicwelfareservices.Itisonlyinthelasttwocenturiesthatcontinuedgrowthinlivingstandardshasbeenrealizedforanumberofnow-developedcountries,andthisprocesshasbroadenedinthe20thcenturytoincludeanumberofdevelopingcountries.However,thefairlysteadyexpansioninthethirdquarterofthe20thcenturygavewaytoaperiodofslowerandmoreerraticgrowthforbothhigh-andlow-incomecountries,whilesomeoftheeconomicallypoorestcountrieswerethusfarunabletoestablishaself-sustainingpatternofdevelopment.Italsobecameincreasinglyevidentthattherewereseriousenvironmentalproblemsassociatedwithsometypesofgrowthinproduction.

Thisarticleexaminestherecordofeconomicgrowthanddevelopment,someexplanationsforthechangesinvolved,andtheattemptsbygovernmentstoplanthesechanges.Twomajorissuesareinvolved.Thefirstiswhyeconomicgrowthoccursmorequicklyinsomecountriesandperiodsthaninothers.Itistheincreaseinthesizeandqualityofthefactorsofproductionthatunderliesgrowth,butcertainforces—innovationsandentrepreneurship,thepartplayedbygovernments,andtheroleofinvestmentasdistinctfromconsumption—deservespecialattention.Avarietyofmodelsofeconomicgrowthgiveexpressiontotheunderstandingoftheseforces.Increasingattentionhasbeenpaidinthesemodelsandinpolicytotheinternationalaspectsofgrowth.Thistrendispartlyareflectionofthegrowinginternationalizationofeconomicactivity.Italsoreflectsanumberofpotentiallydestabilizingchangesintheinternationaleconomythatbecameevidentduringthe1970s.Whiletheprecisenatureoftheireffectsisopentodebate,amongthesechangesshouldbenotedthetransitiontomoreflexibleexchangerates,thesupplyshocksinpetroleumandotherproducts,thegrowthofinternationaldebt,andthedevelopmentofseveralmajorcentersofeconomicpower.

Thesecondissueisthechallengesfacingthelow-incomecountries,namely,tomovefromsubsistencelevelsofpercapitaincometoalevelthatwouldgenerateself-sustaininggrowthandalsotoreducethegapbetweenthemselvesandthehigh-incomecountries.Differencesamongthelowerincomecountrieswarnagainstmakingsweepinggeneralizationsonthedevelopmentprocess,butthreetopicshaveattractedmuchattention.Oneishowfarexistingprivateandpublicorganizationsmustbechangedsoastoinstitutionalizedevelopment.Asecondistheviewthat,particularlyformanufacturesandforsmallermarkets,relianceonimportsubstitutionshouldgivewayfairlyquicklytoexportdevelopment.Thethirdistheimpactofpopulationgrowthonbothdevelopmentandlivingstandards.

62.Accordingtothispassage,theeconomicexpansioninmanydevelopedanddevelopingcountriesdidnotbecomesloweruntil______.

63.Theunderlinedword“erratic”inthefirstparagraphmostprobablymeans______.

64.Thesecondparagraphofthispassageismainlyabout______.

65.Accordingtotheauthorofthisarticle,______.

問題1選項

A.thelasttwocenturies

B.the20thcentury

C.the1980s

D.The1960s

問題2選項

A.consistent

B.unstable

C.Invariable

D.erotic

問題3選項

A.therecordofeconomicgrowthanddevelopment

B.someexplanationsforthechangesinvolved

C.thegrowinginternationlizationofeconomicactivity

D.thereasonsforthedifferencesineconomicgrowthratesamongdifferentcountriesandperiods

問題4選項

A.economicgrowthreliesmainlyoninnovations

B.anumberofmodelshavefocusedontheglobaleconomicgrowth

C.agreementhasbeenreachedonthenatureofthedestabilizingchangesofthe1970s

D.populationgrowthhasanotableimpactontheenvironment

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

【解析】62.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細節(jié)推理題。題干意思是“根據(jù)文章，許多發(fā)達國家和發(fā)展中國家的經(jīng)濟擴張直到……才變得緩慢”。根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句話However,thefairlysteadyexpansioninthethirdquarterofthe20thcenturygavewaytoaperiodofslowerandmoreerraticgrowthforbothhigh-andlow-incomecountries,whilesomeoftheeconomicallypoorestcountrieswerethusfarunabletoestablishaself-sustainingpatternofdevelopment.（然而，在20世紀的第三個25年的時候，對于高收入國家和低收入國家，相對穩(wěn)定的經(jīng)濟擴張讓位于較慢且更不穩(wěn)定的經(jīng)濟增長，即使一些最貧窮的國家到目前為止還無法建立一種自我維持的發(fā)展模式。）可知，在20世紀的第三個25年時，穩(wěn)定的經(jīng)濟擴張開始讓位于發(fā)展慢且不穩(wěn)定的經(jīng)濟增長，所以D項“20世紀60年代”是正確的。A項“過去兩個世紀”、B項“20世紀”和C項“20世紀80年代”都錯誤。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

63.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】語義推測題。題干意思是“第一段中下劃線的單詞erratic最有可能的意思是……”。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞定位到第一段倒數(shù)第二句thefairlysteadyexpansioninthethirdquarterofthe20thcenturygavewaytoaperiodofslowerandmoreerraticgrowthforbothhigh-andlow-incomecountries…（對于高收入國家和低收入國家，相對穩(wěn)定的經(jīng)濟擴張讓位于一段較慢且更erratic的增長時期……），由givewayto可知，前后為對比關系，前面提到了steady（穩(wěn)定的），那么后面的erratic與之對應的就是“不穩(wěn)定的”，故B項“不穩(wěn)定”正確。A項“一致”、C項“不變的”和D項“性愛的，色情的”都不符合。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

64.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“文章第二段主要是關于……”。第二段第三句提到Thefirstiswhyeconomicgrowthoccursmorequicklyinsomecountriesandperiodsthaninothers.（第一個問題是為什么在一些國家和在不同時期的經(jīng)濟增長比其他國家更快），接著后面的內(nèi)容都是就這個問題展開的論述，所以D項“不同國家、不同時期經(jīng)濟增長率差異的原因”符合題意。根據(jù)第二段前兩句Thisarticleexaminestherecordofeconomicgrowthanddevelopment,someexplanationsforthechangesinvolved,andtheattemptsbygovernmentstoplanthesechanges.Twomajorissuesareinvolved.（本文考察了經(jīng)濟增長和發(fā)展的記錄，對所涉及的變化的一些解釋，以及政府計劃這些變化的嘗試。其中涉及兩個主要問題。）可知，經(jīng)濟增長和發(fā)展的記錄、所涉及的變化的一些解釋和政府的一些嘗試主要涉及兩個問題，而第二段闡述的是第一個問題，所以開頭第一句話只是為了引出下面的內(nèi)容，A項“經(jīng)濟增長和發(fā)展的記錄”和B項“對所涉及的變化的一些解釋”不選。C項“經(jīng)濟活動日益國際化”只是第一個問題中的一部分內(nèi)容，并不全面。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

65.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“根據(jù)作者，……”。由第二段中的Itistheincreaseinthesizeandqualityofthefactorsofproductionthatunderliesgrowth,butcertainforces—innovationsandentrepreneurship,thepartplayedbygovernments,andtheroleofinvestmentasdistinctfromconsumption—deservespecialattention.（生產(chǎn)要素的規(guī)模和質(zhì)量的增加是經(jīng)濟增長的基礎，但某些力量，