考研考博-英語-蘭州交通大學(xué)博文學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-蘭州交通大學(xué)博文學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Thesonofthepresidentemerged（）fromthecourtafterallthechargesagainsthimweredroppedbecauseofalackofevidence.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.downhearted

B.unfavorable

C.despicable

D.triumphant

【答案】D

【解析】句意:在所有指控因缺乏證據(jù)而被撤銷后,總統(tǒng)的兒子得意洋洋地從法庭走了出來。

考查形容詞辨析。downhearted沒精打采的，垂頭喪氣的;unfavorable不宜的，令人不快的，不順利的；despicable可恥的；triumphant成功的，得意洋詳?shù)摹Ｒ虼薉符合句意。

2.單選題

Inthenegotiationheldbetweenthetwopartiesoftheworkersandemployertheworkerswere（）inaskingformoreholidays.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.joint

B.harmonious

C.unanimous

D.coordinated

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。beunanimousin表示“（所有人）一致同意的，全體一致的，無異議的”。句意：在工人和雇主雙方進(jìn)行的談判中，工人們一致要求更多的假期。結(jié)合此處語義，C為正確答案。

3.單選題

Theactual（

）ofWilson'spositionwasalways（

）byhisrefusaltocompromiseafterhavinginitiallyagreedtonegotiateasettlement.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.outcome;foreshadowed

B.logic;enhanced

C.rigidity;betrayed

D.uncertainty;alleviated

【答案】C

【解析】第一個(gè)空是考查名稱的辨析，outcome“結(jié)果，效果”；logic“原理,邏輯性”；rigidity“嚴(yán)格，刻板”；uncertainty“不確定性”；根據(jù)句子后半部分的意思可以推斷出第一個(gè)空應(yīng)該填rigidity,表示立場(chǎng)的固執(zhí)僵化；第二個(gè)空是考查動(dòng)詞的辨析，foreshadow“成為前兆，暗示”;enhance“提高，增加（價(jià)值，品質(zhì)，吸引力等）”；betray“泄露，出賣，背叛（原則或信仰）”，根據(jù)句意‘由于威爾遜在最初同意談判以達(dá)成協(xié)議之后又拒絕讓步妥協(xié)，因此，其立場(chǎng)實(shí)際的固執(zhí)僵化總是得以暴露無遺’可知第二個(gè)空應(yīng)該填betrayed，所以C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish

公民、法人的合法民事權(quán)益受法律保護(hù)，任何組織和個(gè)人不得侵犯。

已滿16歲的人犯罪，應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)刑事貴任。

【答案】Thelawfulcivilrightsandinterestsofcitizensandjuristicpersonareprotectedbythelaw,andanyorganizationorindividualisnotallowedtoinfringethem.

Apersonofnolessthan16yearsoldwhocommitsacrimeshallbearcriminalresponsibility.

5.單選題

Thecarmanufacturerhaslaid______1,000workersbecauseofthedropinsales.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.out

B.down

C.aside

D.off

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.out向外B.down向下

C.aside離開，在旁邊D.off離開

【考查點(diǎn)】固定搭配。

【解題思路】由thedropinsales（銷量下降）可知，空格處應(yīng)該表示“解雇了1000名工人”，layoff固定搭配，表示“解雇，停止工作”。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A選項(xiàng)layout（展示，安排）、B選項(xiàng)laydown（放下，制定）、C選項(xiàng)layaside（擱置，留存）均不符合句意。

【句意】由于銷量下降，這家汽車制造商已經(jīng)解雇了1000名工人。

6.填空題

Idon’twrite（1）lettersthesedays,justanoccasionalonetoanagingauntofmine.OrdinarilyIusee-mailtostayin（2）withpeople.

【答案】1.many

2.touch

【解析】1.語義題。此處用many修飾letters。與前面的否定詞don’t連起來表示我最近沒怎么寫信。

2.固定搭配。stayintouchwith保持聯(lián)系。

7.填空題

Atheoryofteninvolvesanimaginarymodelthathelpsscientistspicturethewayanobservedeventcouldbeproduced.Agoodexampleofthisisfoundinthekineticmoleculartheory,inwhichgasesarepicturedlikebeingmadeupofmany

A

B

C

D

smallparticlesthatareinconstantmotion.

【答案】Dlike改為as

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】固定搭配。

【解題思路】picturesth.assth.意思為“把……設(shè)想成……”，此題用的是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，即gasesarepicturedas。

【句意】理論通常包含假設(shè)的模型，以幫助科學(xué)家描繪觀察到的事件產(chǎn)生的方式。分子運(yùn)動(dòng)理論就是一個(gè)很好的例子。在這個(gè)理論中，氣體被設(shè)想成由許多不斷運(yùn)動(dòng)的小顆粒組成。

8.單選題

Women’smindsworkdifferentlyfrommen's.Atleast,thatiswhatmostmenareconvincedof.Psychologistsviewthesubjecteitherasamatterorfrustrationorajoke.Nowthebiologistshavemovedintothisminefield,andsomeofthemhavefoundthattherearerealdifferencesbetweenthebrainsofmenandwomen.Butbeingdifferent,theypointouthurriedly,isnotthesameasbeingbetterorworse.

Thereis,however,adefinitestructuralvariationbetweenthemaleandfemalebrain.Thedifferenceisinapartofthebrainthatisusedinthemostcomplexintellectualprocesses-thelinkbetweenthetwohalvesofthebrain.

Thetwohalvesarelinkedbyatrunklineofbetween200and300millionnerves,thecorpuscallosum.Scientistshavefoundquiterecentlythatthecorpuscallosuminwomenisalwayslargerandprobablyricherinnervefibresthanitisinmen.Thisisthefirsttimethatastructuraldifferencehasbeenfoundbetweenthebrainsofwomenandmenanditmusthavesomesignificance.Thequestionis"What?'*,and,ifthisdifferenceexists,arethereothers?Researchshowsthatpresent-daywomenthinkdifferentlyandbehavedifferentlyfrommen.Aresomeofthesedifferencesbiologicalandinborn,aresultofevolution?Wetendtothinkthatistheinfluenceofsocietythatproducesthesedifferences.Butcouldwebewrong?

Researchshowedthatthesetwohalvesofthebrainhaddifferentfunctions,andthatthecorpuscallosumenabledthemtoworktogether.Formostpeople,thelefthalfisusedforwordhanding,analyticalandlogicalactivities;therighthalfworksonpictures,patternsandforms.Weneedbothhalvesworkingtogether.Andthebettertheconnections,themoreharmoniouslythetwohalveswork.And,accordingtoresearchfindings,womenhavethebetter

connections.

Butitisn'tallthateasytoexplaintheactualdifferencesbetweenskillsofmenandwomenonthisbasis.Inschoolsthroughouttheworldgirlstendtobebetterthanboysat"languagesubjects"andboysbetteratmathsandphysics.Ifthesedifferencescorrespondwiththedifferencesinthehemispherictrunkline,thereisanunalterabledistinctionbetweenthesexes.

Weshan'tknowforawhile,partlybecausewedon’tknowofanypreciserelationshipbetweenabilitiesinschoolsubjectandthefunctioningofthetwohalvesofthebrain,andwecannotunderstandhowthetwohalvesinteractviathecorpuscallosum.Butthisstrikingdifferencemusthavesomeeffectand,becausethedifferenceisinthepartsofthebraininvolvedinintellect,weshouldbelookingfordifferencesinintellectualprocessing.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECT?

2.Accordingtothepassageitiscommonlybelievedthatbraindifferencesarecausedbyfactors（

）.

3."Thesedifferences"inparagraph5refertothosein（

）.

4.Attheendofthepassagetheauthorproposesmoreworkon（

）.

5.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Biologistsareconductingresearchwherepsychologistshavegivenup.

B.Braindifferencespointtosuperiorityofonesexovertheother.

C.Resultsofscientificresearchfailtosupportpopularbelief.

D.Thestructuraldifferenceinthebrainbetweenthesexeshaslongbeenknown.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.biological

B.psychological

C.physical

D.social

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.skillsofmenandwomen

B.schoolsubjects□

C.thebrainstructureofmenandwomen

D.activitiescarriedoutbythebrain

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thebrainstructureasawhole

B.thefunctioningofpartofthebrain

C.thedistinctionbetweenthesexes

D.theeffectsofthecorpuscallosum

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Tooutlinetheresearchfindingsonthebrainstructure.

B.Toexplainthelinkbetweensexandbrainstructure.

C.Todiscussthevariousfactorsthatcausebraindifferences.

D.Tosuggestnewareasinbrainresearch.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)題。A:心理學(xué)家已經(jīng)放棄，而生物學(xué)家正在展開研究工作。第一段指出:Psychologistsviewthesubjecteitherasamatteroffrustrationorajoke(心理學(xué)家把這個(gè)問題看成是挫折或笑話),原文表達(dá)的意思跟A項(xiàng)不一樣。B:大腦區(qū)別顯示出一個(gè)性別優(yōu)于另外一個(gè)性別。第一段說:'Butbeingdifferent,theypointouthurriedly,isnotthesameasbeingbetterorworse(他們指出盡管有區(qū)別，但并不能說明誰優(yōu)誰劣),與B項(xiàng)不一致。D:兩性大腦結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別早已為人所知。第三段:Thisisthefirsttimethatastructuraldifferencehasbeenfoundbetweenthebrainsofwomenandmen...(這是第一次發(fā)現(xiàn)男性和女性大腦的結(jié)構(gòu)差異…),因此D項(xiàng)排除。所以本題選C。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。第三段指出:Wetendtothinkthatistheinfluenceofsocietythatproducesthesedifferences(我們傾向于認(rèn)為正是社會(huì)的影響造成了這些差異),故選D。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題。第五段說:Butitisn’tallthateasytoexplaintheactualdifferencesbetweenskillsofmenandwomenonthisbasis(但在此基礎(chǔ)上，要解釋男女技能的實(shí)際差異并不是那么容易)。由此可見,“這些區(qū)別”指的是兩性技能。

4.推斷題。最后一段：Weshan'tknowforawhile,partlybecausewedon'tknowofanypreciserelationshipbetweenabilitiesinschoolsubjectandthefunctioningofthetwohalvesofthebrain,andwecannotunderstandhowthetwohalvesinteractviathecorpuscallosum(我們暫時(shí)還不知道，部分原因是我們不知道學(xué)校受試者的能力和大腦兩半的功能之間有什么精確的關(guān)系，我們也不知道兩半是如何通過胼胝體相互作用的。)。后面:weshouldbelookingfordifferencesinintellectualprocessing.間接地提出對(duì)于corpuscallos的影響應(yīng)多作研究工作。

5.主旨大意題。A項(xiàng)(概述關(guān)于大腦結(jié)構(gòu)的研究結(jié)果)比較能概括文章目的。

9.單選題

IntheAmericans’minds,thereareboundariesthatotherpeoplearesimplynotsupposedtocross.Whentheboundariesarecrossed,Americanswill（）stiffenandtheirmannerwillbecomecool.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.visibly

B.tragically

C.uneasily

D.tremendously

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。visibly“明顯地，顯然地”；tragically“悲劇地，悲慘地”；uneasily“不自在地，不穩(wěn)定地”；tremendously“非常地，可怕地”。句意：在美國(guó)人的心目中,有些界限人們是不能跨越的。當(dāng)這些界限被越過時(shí),美國(guó)人會(huì)（）變得僵硬,他們的態(tài)度會(huì)變得很冷酷。and表示并列關(guān)系，其前后表示的內(nèi)容的性質(zhì)一致，由and后面的內(nèi)容“他們的態(tài)度也很冷酷”可推知空格處意為美國(guó)人明顯變得很僵硬，故A項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Researchshowsthatmanyvoterswhohaven’tyetmadeuptheirmindsare______towardstheDemocrats.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tilting

B.skidding

C.transferring

D.sliding

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)tilt“傾斜，翹起，俯仰（攝影機(jī)）”，B項(xiàng)skid“剎住，使減速，滾滑”，C項(xiàng)transfer“轉(zhuǎn)讓，轉(zhuǎn)接，移交”，D項(xiàng)slide“滑動(dòng)，平穩(wěn)地走，悄悄移動(dòng)”。根據(jù)句子意思“研究表明，許多尚未做出決定的選民都……向民主黨”可知，tilt符合語境，tilttowards表示“偏向，向……傾斜”。句意：研究表明，許多尚未下定決心的選民正傾向于民主黨。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

11.翻譯題

Forthoseplayingthegameofscience,themethodbywhichtheyascertainwhattheybelieveiscrucial.Theyhavetoevaluatedataandargumentsanddecideforthemselvesontheirvalidity.Scientistscommunicatingtoothershavethetaskofconvincingthehearersofthevalidityoftheirstatementsintermsofthedataandtheirexplanationsofthedata.Theyarenotplayingthegamecorrectlyiftheywinsupportbythestrengthoftheirpersonalityorprestige.Intheshortrunscientistsmayfollowanotheronthebasisofprestige,butthiscannotcontinueindefinitely.Itisuptothehearerstoevaluatewhatthescientistssayratherthanacceptitbecausetheysayit.Andtheculminationofthisenterpriseisthedeterminationofwhethertheexplanationsaccountforthedataobserved.Therelationshipbetweenscientificexplanationsanddatahelpstoensuretheintegrityofscientists.Iftheirfindingsareimportant,theycanbesurethattheirtheoriesanddatawillbeexaminedcriticallyandnewevidencewillbeattained.

Itisthesystemofdata-basedexplanationthatdistinguishessciencefromdogma.Scientistshaveboththerightandtheresponsibilitytodecideforthemselves,onthebasisofevidenceathand,thebestexplanationofasetofphenomena.Ontheotherhand,dogma(religious,economic,politicalorsocial)dependsonpronouncementsbyestablishedauthorities.

【答案】對(duì)于從事科學(xué)研究的那些人來說，確認(rèn)他們所相信的東西而所使用的方法是至關(guān)重要的。他們不得不評(píng)估數(shù)據(jù)和論據(jù)，并自己確定它們的正確性。與他人進(jìn)行交流的科學(xué)家們有必要依據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)和他們對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)的解釋，去讓聽者相信他們的陳述的正確性。如果他們通過自己的品格或威望而獲得支持，那么他們就不是在正確地從事科學(xué)。從短期來看，盡管科學(xué)家們可能基于威望而追隨另外一個(gè)人，但是這種追隨不能無限期地延續(xù)。聽者應(yīng)該去評(píng)估科學(xué)家所說的，而不是因?yàn)槭撬麄兯f的就相信?？茖W(xué)這項(xiàng)事業(yè)的頂峰是確定解釋是否能說明所觀察到的數(shù)據(jù)?？茖W(xué)解釋與數(shù)據(jù)之間的關(guān)系幫助確保科學(xué)家們的誠(chéng)實(shí)。如果他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)是重要的，他們可以確信他們的理論和數(shù)據(jù)將被批判性地檢驗(yàn)，并獲得新的證據(jù)。

正是基于數(shù)據(jù)的解釋體系將科學(xué)與教條區(qū)分開來。根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的證據(jù)，科學(xué)家有權(quán)利也有責(zé)任為自己決定對(duì)一系列現(xiàn)象的最佳解釋。另一方面，教條（宗教、經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治或社會(huì)）依賴于已確立的權(quán)威所做的聲明。

12.單選題

______totheRevolutionaryWar,theUnitedStateswasanEnglishcolony.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Prior

B.Before

C.Preceding

D.Following

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。A項(xiàng)prior“先前的，優(yōu)先的”，B項(xiàng)before“之前”，C項(xiàng)preceding“在……之前，在前的”，D項(xiàng)following“其次的，接著的”。根據(jù)句子可知，priorto固定搭配，表示“在……之前”。句意：獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)之前，美國(guó)是英國(guó)的殖民地。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Onthefatefulnightin1930whenthefirstGermanbombsfellonPoland,youngNinaNovak,oneofPoland'smostpromisingdancers,wasperformingintheOperaHouseinWarsaw.TwodayslatertheOperaHousewasdestroyedbybombs.Nina'swholelifehadbeendevotedtoballet:Nowherworldcollapsedaroundher.Inthedarkyearsthatfollowed,itseemedthatshewouldneverdanceagain,muchlessbecomeoneoftheworld'sleadingballerinas.ButNinahadcourageandadreamthatbeganwhenshewasveryyoung.

NinawasborninWarsawandspenttheearlyyearsofherchildhoodthere;HerfirstschoolteachernoticedlittleNina’sgraceandtoldhersheshouldstudydancing,Ninadelightedlyreportedtheteacher'swordsathome,buthermotherfoughttheidea,sayingthatnodaughterofherswasgoingtobeadancer.Nina,however,wasadeterminedchild.Shehadmadeuphermindtobeareallygreatballerinanomatterwhatthecost,andsheworkedtowardthisgoalwithherwholebeing.ShecoaxedandrageduntilhermotherfinallygaveinandletherenrollatthePolishOperaBalletSchool.

Herfirstappearanceonstagecamethreeyearslater,whenshewasallowedtodancethepartofaslavegirlintheoperaAida.Shortlyafterthis,Ninabecamearealprofessional,dancingfortwoyearsasprimaballerinaoftheChildren'sofWarsaw.

Whenshewasthirteen,shewastakenintothePolishOperaCompany.Shewastheyoungestdancerevertobecomeamemberofitscorpsdeballet.Thefollowingyear,shestartedoutwiththecompanyonalongEuropeantour.ShespenttwoexcitingyearsdancinginthecapitalsofEurope,andsherosefromherhumbleplaceinthecorpsdeballetallthewaytosoloist.

ShehadjustreturnedtoWarsawafterthistourwhenthePolishStateBalletwasinvitedtodanceattheWorld’sFarinNewYorkearlyin1929.ButwhileshewasdancinggailyinNewYork,warcloudsweredarkeningoverhernativecountry.NinahadbeenhomeforonlyamonthwhenHitlermarchedintoPoland.

TheinvadingGermansdecreedthatanyonewhodidnothaveajobwouldbesenttoaworkcamp.Atgreatrisk,NinarefusedtodanceatthelargetheaterthattheGermanshadtaken-over.InsteadshejoinedagroupofPolishdancersinasmall,ill-equippedtheaterwheretheygaveperformancesonlyfortheirowncountrymen.

ThedarkyearsofWorldWarIIworeon.Onebyone,themembersofNina'slargeandwealthyfamilywerearrestedandsenttoconcentration:camps.Heradoredolderbrotherwastakenfirst,thenherfather,thenNinaandherotherbrothersandsisters.Theywereseparatedandsenttodifferentcamps.Ninafranticallyaskedfornewsofherfamilyfromeachprisonerwhocametohercamp.Drearymonthdraggedbybeforethetragicnewsreachedherthatherbelovedbrotherhadbeenkilledfromanti-Naziactivities.Herfather,too,wasdead—ofstarvation.

Dazedwithgrief,shenolongercaredwhethershelivedordied.Sixmonthslater,whenliberatingtroopsarrivedandthrewopentheprisongates,shewassothinthatshecouldhardlywalk.

Barelyawarethatthewarwasover;Ninalistlesslybegantopickupthethreadsofherlife.Shewasreunitedwithwhatwasleftofherfamily,andtheytriedtomakesomesortoflifeforthemselvesinwar-tomPoland.Shebegantofeelvaguestirringsoftheold,familiardesiretodance,butshewasstilltoodepressedandweaktopractice.Heryoungerbrothertriedtoencourageher.Hebegantopracticewithher,andsoontheyhadbuiltupacharminglittledanceroutineoftheirown.TogethertheyfounddancingengagementsinmanyWarsawnightspots.ThefamilydecidedthatthebestfutureforNinaasadancerwasintheUnitedSates,andtheystartedsavingmoneyforhertomakethetrip.

NinaarrivedinNewYorkin1947—aslightgirlwhosetragicdarkeyesheldtheonlyhintoftheheartbreakshehadbeenthrough.ShesentaboutlearningtospeakEnglishandtookintensiveballetlessonstoretrainherstill-frailbody.SheappliedforapositioninthecorpsdeballetoftheBalletRussedeMonteCarloin1948,andwasaccepted.Sheworkedhard,determinedtorisetothetop.Fouryearslater,shehadmadethegrade-shewasthetop-rankingballerinawiththeBalletRussedeMonteCarlo.

ThebitterwarhadbroughtNinaheartbreakandhaddrivenhertothevergeofphysicalcollapse.Butinspiteofthis;shesaystoday,"Alwaysinlife,Ihaveluck—reallyhaveluck!"Sheinsiststhatitwasluckthatbroughthertwoofhergreatestroles.ThefirstwasSwan-HildainCoppelia.Ninadancedthatroleonthreedays’noticewhentheBalletRussedeMonteCarlowasinChicago.ReplacingDanilova,whowasill,shedancedsowellthatshegotravenoticesfromtheChicagocritics.

Itwasluckagain,accordingtoNinathatbroughthertheroleinMutewifeforwhichsheisbestknown.Theleadingballerinahadanargumentwiththechoreographerandwalkedout.Ninasteppedin.

ShehaswonaleadingroleinalmosteveryballetoftheBalletRusse.Stilldrivenbyambition,sheissodedicatedtoherprofessionthatnothingelsematterstoher.NinaNovakhastakenforhercreedthewordsofherteacheroflongago:"Ifpeopletellyouthatyoucannotdance,donotbelievethem,foryoucan.Butiftheysaythatyouarewonderful,donotbelievethemeither,foryoumustalwaysimprove."

1.WhenNinawastakenintothePolishOperaCompany,shewas（）.

2.Ofthefollowingevents,thefirsttooccurwas（）.

3.WhydidNinarefusetodanceatthetheatertakenoverbytheGermans?

4.Itismostaccuratetosaythatthewar（）.

5.Ninathinksthatshe（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thestarorprimaballerina

B.theyoungestdancer

C.stillabeginner

D.theleadingprofessionaldancer

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theGermaninvasionofPoland

B.Nina'sEuropeantour

C.TheWorld'sFairinNewYork

D.Nina'sbecominga'realprofessionaldancer

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Becauseshewantedtodanceinalargetheatre.

B.Becauseshewasnolongerinterestedindancing.

C.BecauseshedidnotwanttodancefortheGermans.

D.Becauseshewasillandtooweaktodance.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.didnotaffectNina'sdevotiontodancing

B.almostruinedNina'swholelife

C.changedNina'smostimportantgoals

D.hadagreatinfluenceonNina'scharacters

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.stillmustprovetoothersthatshecandance

B.stillmustworkatlearningtodance

C.hasatlastreachedhergoal

D.hadmadegreatachievementsindancing.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題，根據(jù)原文第四段Whenshewasthirteen,shewastakenintothePolishOperaCompany.Shewastheyoungestdancerevertobecomeamemberofitscorpsdeballet.可知，Nina在十三歲時(shí)進(jìn)入波蘭戲劇公司，是最年輕的舞蹈演員。因此，本題正確答案為B項(xiàng)。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由原文第四段Thefollowingyear,shestartedoutwiththecompanyonalongEuropeantour.可知，在進(jìn)入PolishOperaCompany之后，Nina參與了一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期的歐洲巡演。因此，本題正確答案為B項(xiàng)。

3.C推理判斷題。由原文第六段TheinvadingGermansdecreedthatanyonewhodidnothaveajobwouldbesenttoaworkcamp.Atgreatrisk,NinarefusedtodanceatthelargetheaterthattheGermanshadtaken-overInsteadhejoinedagroupofPolishdancersinasmall,ill-equippedtheaterwheretheygaveperformancesonlyfortheirowncountrymen.可知，入侵的德國(guó)人下令，任何沒有工作的人都將被送到勞改營(yíng)。冒著極大的危險(xiǎn)，Nina拒絕在德國(guó)人占領(lǐng)的大劇院里跳舞，而是加入了一群波蘭舞者，在一個(gè)設(shè)備簡(jiǎn)陋的小劇院里，只為自己的同胞表演。因此，本題正確答案為C項(xiàng)。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容可知，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)給Nina的人生和舞蹈生涯都帶來了很大的打擊。她的家人在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中相繼被迫害，她自己也被送到了集中營(yíng)，但是她始終都保持著對(duì)舞蹈的熱愛和追求。A選項(xiàng)didnotaffectNina’sdevotiontodancing“沒有影響Nina對(duì)舞蹈的熱愛”符合題意，故正確答案為A項(xiàng)。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文最后一段Ifpeopletellyouthatyoucannotdance,donotbelievethem,foryoucan.Butiftheysaythatyouarewonderful,donotbelievethemeitherforyoumustalwaysimprove.可知，Nina的信條是不要相信別人對(duì)自己的否定，也不要滿足于別人對(duì)自己的贊揚(yáng)，人需要不斷提升自我。所以B項(xiàng)“她認(rèn)為自己仍然需要不斷地學(xué)習(xí)舞蹈，提高技藝”符合原文內(nèi)容，故本題正確答案為B項(xiàng)。

14.單選題

“Congratulations,Mr.Cooper.It’sagirl.”

Fatherhoodisgoingtohaveadifferentmeaningand（1）adifferentresponsefromeverymanwhohearsthesewords.Somefeel（2）whentheyreceivethenews,（3）othersworry,wonderingwhethertheywillbegoodfathers.（4）therearesomemenwholikechildrenandmayhavehad（5）experiencewiththem,othersdonotparticularly（6）childrenandspendlittletimewiththem.Manyfathersandmothershavebeenplanningandlookingforwardtochildrenforsometime.（7）othercouples,pregnancywasanaccidentthatbothhusbandandwifehave（8）willinglyorunwillingly.

Whateverthe（9）tothebirthofachild,itisobviousthattheshiftfromtheroleofhusbandto（10）offatherisadifficulttask.（11）,unfortunately,fewattemptshavebeenmadeto（12）fathersinthisre-socialization（13）.AlthoughnumerousbookshavebeenwrittenaboutAmericanmothers,（14）recentlyhasliteraturefocusedonthe（15）ofafather.

Itisarguedthatthetransitiontothefather’srole,althoughdifficult,isnot（16）asgreatasthetransitionthewifemust（17）tothemother’srole.Themother’sroleseemstorequireacomplete（18）indailyroutine.（19）,thefather’sroleislessdemandingand（20）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.bringforth

B.bringdown

C.bringoff

D.bringin

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.emotional

B.sentimental

C.bewildered

D.proud

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.while

B.when

C.if

D.as

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.when

B.if

C.although

D.yet

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.considerate

B.considerable

C.considering

D.considered

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.careabout

B.careof

C.carewith

D.carefor

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.For

B.Of

C.From

D.Upon

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.received

B.taken

C.accepted

D.obtained

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.reply

B.reaction

C.readiness

D.reality

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.what

B.this

C.one

D.that

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.Asaresult

B.Forexample

C.Yet

D.Also

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.educate

B.cultivate

C.inform

D.convert

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.step

B.process

C.point

D.time

問題14選項(xiàng)

A./

B.just

C.quite

D.only

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.role

B.work

C.career

D.position

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.alittle

B.just

C.nearly

D.almost

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.take

B.make

C.carry

D.accept

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.transformation

B.realization

C.socialization

D.reception

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.Inaddition

B.Aboveall

C.Generally

D.However

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.current

B.immediate

C.present

D.quick

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:D

第7題:A

第8題:C

第9題:B

第10題:D

第11題:C

第12題:A

第13題:B

第14題:D

第15題:A

第16題:C

第17題:B

第18題:A

第19題:D

第20題:B

【解析】1.考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)bringforth“產(chǎn)生；發(fā)表；生孩子”，B選項(xiàng)bringdown“降低；使垮臺(tái)；擊落”，C選項(xiàng)bringoff“救出；圓滿完成”；D選項(xiàng)bringin“引進(jìn)；生產(chǎn)；增加”。句意：父親的身份有著不同的意義，每個(gè)聽到這個(gè)詞的人都會(huì)給出不同的答案。這里要表達(dá)的意思是對(duì)父親的意義持有不同的答案，可知bringforth“產(chǎn)生”符合語境。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)emotional“易激動(dòng)的；情緒的”；B選項(xiàng)sentimental“傷感的，情感的”；C選項(xiàng)bewildered“困惑的，不知所措的；眼花繚亂的”；D選項(xiàng)proud“自豪的，得意的”。根據(jù)后文othersworry,wonderingwhethertheywillbegoodfathers（其他人為是否能做好父親而擔(dān)心）可知，這里在對(duì)比不同的人對(duì)得知自己做父親的情緒反應(yīng)，proud“得意的”與此形成對(duì)比。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

3.考查語法和邏輯關(guān)系。4個(gè)選項(xiàng)都有“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”的意思，A選項(xiàng)while“與此同時(shí)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)事件正在發(fā)生的時(shí)候，另一件事如何；B選項(xiàng)when“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”，重點(diǎn)不在動(dòng)作本身發(fā)生的狀態(tài)，而只是把它作為一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)；C選項(xiàng)if“無論何時(shí)，每次”；D選項(xiàng)as“邊……邊……；隨著……”，交代伴隨狀態(tài)或者時(shí)間背景。句意：有的人得知這個(gè)消息后感到驕傲，與此同時(shí)另一些人卻擔(dān)心，他們不知道自己是否會(huì)成為好父親。根據(jù)上下文推斷此處表示對(duì)比，while“與此同時(shí)”符合語境。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.考查語法和邏輯關(guān)系。A選項(xiàng)when“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”；B選項(xiàng)if“無論何時(shí)，每次”；C選項(xiàng)although“雖然”；D選項(xiàng)yet“然而”，一般和否定詞搭配。根據(jù)原文therearesomemenwholikechildren（有的人喜歡孩子）和others…spendlittletimewiththem（有的人很少陪孩子）看出是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，although“雖然”符合語境。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)considerate“考慮”；B選項(xiàng)considerable“重大的，值得考慮的”；C選項(xiàng)considering“鑒于，考慮到”；D選項(xiàng)considered“經(jīng)過深思熟慮的”。這里指的是有的父親和孩子經(jīng)歷了意義重大的體驗(yàn)。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

6.考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)careabout“擔(dān)心，在意”；B選項(xiàng)careof“……的照顧”，非固定搭配；C選項(xiàng)carewith非固定搭配；D選項(xiàng)carefor“關(guān)心，照顧”。結(jié)合上文somemen…mayhavehadconsiderableexperiencewiththem（有的人或許和孩子經(jīng)歷了意義重大的體驗(yàn)）和下文others…spendlittletimewiththem（有的人很少陪孩子）看出，這里指的是有的父親不怎么照顧孩子，carefor“關(guān)心，照顧”符合語境。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

7.考查介詞用法。A選項(xiàng)for“對(duì)于，為了”；B選項(xiàng)of“屬于……的”；C選項(xiàng)from“從……起”；D選項(xiàng)upon“在……之上，即將來臨”。結(jié)合下文（）othercouples,pregnancywasanaccident（（）其他夫妻，懷孕是意外）來看，for“對(duì)于”符合語境。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.考查詞義辨析。4個(gè)選項(xiàng)都有“接受”的意思。A選項(xiàng)received“指客觀上的接受、接收行為，不涉及主觀意愿，比如接收信息、郵件等；B選項(xiàng)taken使用最廣泛，泛指接受、接收的動(dòng)作或行為，如接收信息、接受工作、接受意見等；C選項(xiàng)accepted表示自愿主動(dòng)接受，也可以說經(jīng)過思考人或某物能滿足自己的期望而接受；D選項(xiàng)obtained“獲取，得到”，用作接受時(shí)指接受待遇。結(jié)合accidentthatbothhusbandandwifehave（）willinglyorunwillingly（夫妻雙方自愿或不愿（）的意外事件）來看，這里指的是主觀意愿上的接受，accepted符合語境。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

9.考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)reply“（通過說或?qū)懟貞?yīng)）回答，答復(fù)”；B選項(xiàng)reaction“（對(duì)于事件、局勢(shì)）反應(yīng)；反作用”；C選項(xiàng)readiness“樂意；準(zhǔn)備就緒”；D選項(xiàng)reality“現(xiàn)實(shí)，事實(shí)”。結(jié)合上文第一段寫了對(duì)于做父親這件事不同人的不同反應(yīng)，reaction“（對(duì)于事件、局勢(shì)）反應(yīng)”符合語境。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

10.考查語法知識(shí)。4個(gè)選項(xiàng)都可作代指用。A選項(xiàng)what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句；B選項(xiàng)this指代下文內(nèi)容；C選項(xiàng)one泛指，這里為特指；D選項(xiàng)that特指，同物異指，即that指代的物體與前文中的物體是同樣的名稱，但是有不同的涵義。前面的role指的是丈夫的角色，而后面的role指的是父親的角色，名稱相同但涵義不同。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

11.考查邏輯關(guān)系。A選項(xiàng)asaresult“因此”；B選項(xiàng)forexample“比如”；C選項(xiàng)yet“然而”；D選項(xiàng)also“也”。上一句說theshiftfromtheroleofhusbandtothatoffatherisadifficulttask（從丈夫的角色轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楦赣H的角色是困難的任務(wù)），這一句說fewattemptshavebeenmadeto（）fathers（很少有人試圖（）父親），可知yet“然而”符合語境。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

12.考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)educate“（在學(xué)校）教育；教導(dǎo)訓(xùn)練（做某事）”；B選項(xiàng)cultivate“培養(yǎng)（態(tài)度、技巧等），樹立（形象、觀念等）”；C選項(xiàng)inform“了解，熟悉”，側(cè)重通過搜集信息了解某事物；D選項(xiàng)convert“轉(zhuǎn)變，改造，改建”。下一句說AlthoughnumerousbookshavebeenwrittenaboutAmericanmothers,…recentlyhasliteraturefocusedonthe…ofafather.（雖然有許多關(guān)于美國(guó)母親的好書，但是直到最近才有一些書講父親的角色），可知有許多教人做好母親的書，可是少有教人做好父親的書，可知educate“教導(dǎo)訓(xùn)練（做某事）比較符合語境。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

13.考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)step“步驟；（某過程中的一個(gè)）階段；腳步”；B選項(xiàng)process“（為達(dá)到某一目的的）過程，進(jìn)程”；C選項(xiàng)point“（特定的）時(shí)刻，關(guān)頭”；D選項(xiàng)time“（某事發(fā)生的）時(shí)刻；（歷史上或一生中的特殊）時(shí)期”。根據(jù)語境可知，inthisre-socialization（）指的是擔(dān)任父親角色的再社會(huì)化（），成為一個(gè)合格的父親需要一個(gè)過程，可知process“（為達(dá)到某一目的的）過程，進(jìn)程”符合語境。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

14.考查語法知識(shí)。A選項(xiàng)/“不填”，不能引起倒裝；B選項(xiàng)just“僅僅是，只不過”，單獨(dú)放句首不引起倒裝；C選項(xiàng)quite“非?！?，不放在句首；D選項(xiàng)only“只有”，only加狀語位于句首，句子倒裝。recentlyhasliteraturefocusedonthe…ofafather為has提前的倒裝句。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

15.考查詞義辨析和細(xì)節(jié)。A選項(xiàng)role“角色”；B選項(xiàng)work“工作”；C選項(xiàng)career“職業(yè)生涯”；D選項(xiàng)position“位置，地位”。前文theshiftfromtheroleofhusbandtothatoffatherisadifficulttask（從丈夫轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楦赣H是困難的任務(wù)）中用的是role“角色”后半句也用的themother’srole（母親的角色）。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

16.考查語法知識(shí)。A選項(xiàng)alittle“一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)”；B選項(xiàng)just“僅僅是”；C選項(xiàng)nearly“幾乎，差不多”；D選項(xiàng)almost“幾乎，差不多”。根據(jù)語境，這里是指丈夫轉(zhuǎn)變成父親的難度接近不了妻子轉(zhuǎn)變成母親的難度，空格里面應(yīng)該選擇意思為“幾乎”的詞語，加上nearly前可用very，pretty，not等詞修飾，但almost之前不能用這些詞。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

17.考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)take“后接名詞描述動(dòng)作或事件”；B選項(xiàng)make“與名詞連用，表示做動(dòng)作或說某事”，maketransition“轉(zhuǎn)變”；C選項(xiàng)carry“攜帶，傳送”；D選項(xiàng)accept“接受”。分析thetransitionthewifemust（）tothemother’srole（母親角色的轉(zhuǎn)變）可知，橫線處修飾transition（轉(zhuǎn)變），make符合語境。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

18.考查細(xì)節(jié)。A選項(xiàng)transformation“轉(zhuǎn)變”；B選項(xiàng)realization“領(lǐng)悟；（某目標(biāo)）實(shí)現(xiàn)”；C選項(xiàng)socialization“社會(huì)化”；D選項(xiàng)reception“接待；服務(wù)臺(tái)”。A選項(xiàng)transformation“轉(zhuǎn)變”和上一句thetransitionthewifemustmake（妻子必須做出的轉(zhuǎn)變）相對(duì)應(yīng)。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

19.考查細(xì)節(jié)。A選項(xiàng)inaddition“此外”；B選項(xiàng)aboveall“尤其是，首先”；C選項(xiàng)generally“通?！保籇選項(xiàng)however“然而”。通過Themother’sroleseemstorequireacompletetransformation（母親的角色似乎要求徹底轉(zhuǎn)變）和thefather’sroleislessdemanding（父親的角色要求較低）可以看出是在對(duì)比和轉(zhuǎn)折，整篇文章都在對(duì)比男性和女性做父母的影響不同。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

20.考查細(xì)節(jié)。A選項(xiàng)current“當(dāng)前的，通用的”；B選項(xiàng)immediate“直接的，立即的”；C選項(xiàng)present“現(xiàn)在的”；D選項(xiàng)quick“時(shí)間短暫的，敏捷的”。根據(jù)語境可知，這里想要表達(dá)的是作為父親不需要跟母親一樣改變那么徹底和直接，immediate“直接的，立即的”符合語境。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

It’sinyourbest（）toquitsmoking,foryouhavesomebreathingproblems.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sake

B.benefit

C.advantage

D.interest

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：戒煙對(duì)你最有利，因?yàn)槟阌幸恍┖粑鼏栴}。beinsb’s(best)interest(s)(todosth)=bethebestthingforsomeone，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

ThereisnoquestionbutthatNewtonwasahighlycompetentMinisteroftheMint.Itwasmainlythroughhisefforts（1）theEnglishcurrencywasputon（2）satisfactorybasisatadifficulttime.（3）discoveredarelationshipbetweenpricesand（4）amountofmoneyincirculation,which（5）laterformalizedintheso-called“quality（6）”ofmoney:iftheamountof（7）incirculationisdoubled—otherthings（8）thesame—thenpricesalsowill（9）double.Thisisasimpleapplication（10）theprinciplethatitisimpossible（11）getsomethingfornothing,butapparently（12）tooksomeonelikeNewtontodiscoverit.There（13）anobviouscomparisonwithCopernicus,who（14）thePolishgovernmentoncurrencyquestions（15）indoingsodiscoveredanotherimportant（16）(usuallyknownasGresham’sLaw):when（17）moneyisacceptedaslegaltender,（18）moneywillbedrivenoutof（19）.CopernicusanticipatedGreshamintheformulation（20）thislaw.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.which

B.why

C.that

D.for