考研考博-英語-內(nèi)蒙古建筑職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-內(nèi)蒙古建筑職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Shehadspentseveraldays（）herlecture,soitwasquitesuccessful.

問題1選項

A.shining

B.pleading

C.paving

D.polishing

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項shining“閃爍，發(fā)亮，發(fā)光，擦亮，擦光”；B選項pleading“懇求，辯護(hù)，引證，承認(rèn)”；C選項paving“鋪設(shè)，鋪（路）”；D選項polishing“打磨，擦亮，磨光”。句意：她花了幾天時間潤色自己的演講稿，因此演講相當(dāng)成功。D選項polish還有“（使）優(yōu)美；潤飾（通過修改，作小的變動或增加新的內(nèi)容）”的意思，如：polishanarticle/aspeech潤飾一篇文章/一篇演講稿。因此D選項正確。

2.寫作題

Directions:Writeacompositioninthetitle“HowtoEliminateFakeDiplomas”basedonthefollowinggivenoutlineinChinese.Yourcompositionshouldbeabout150Englishwords.PleasewriteyourcompositionontheAnswerSheet.

Outline:

1.現(xiàn)在社會上的假文憑屢見不鮮。

2.如何杜絕假文憑現(xiàn)象？

【答案】HowtoEliminateFakeDiplomas

Inthelastfewyears,thephenomenonoffakediplomasismoreserious.Plentyofpeopleusefakediplomasto

findagoodjob.Besidesthelowcostofthefakediplomasappealslotsofpeoplewhohavenotreceivedhighereducationwhichmakefakediplomasbecomemorecommon.

Fakediplomasdoharmtobothemployersandpersonswhohaverealdiplomas.Ifemployersappointemployeeswhoarenotqualifiedforacertainposition,theircompaniesmaysufferheavylosses,evenfacehugecrisis.Besides,it’sunfairforpeoplewithrealdiplomaswhenthosewhobuyfakediplomasdonotpayanyeffortsandmoneyinhighereducation.Soitistimetodealwiththefakeevent.

Tobeginwith,governmentshouldreleasesomelawstopunishthosepeoplewhofabricateandbuythefakediplomastolimitthefakeevent.Inaddition,theuniversitycanmaketheirdiplomaswithspecialmaterialtolimitthefakediplomas’spreading.Furthermore,universitiesshouldmatchupthecompaniestochecktherecordofformalschoolingoftheiremployees.Inthoseways,thefakeeventsmaybecontrolled.

3.單選題

It’squiteobviousthattheagingpopulationinChinawillcause（

）heavypressureon（

）wholesocietyinthefuture.

問題1選項

A.a;a

B.the;/

C.a;the

D./;the

【答案】D

【解析】考查冠詞用法。第一個空格后是pressure“壓力”，為不可數(shù)名詞，句中并不特指“壓力”，因此無須使用冠詞；第二空后的是wholesociety“整個社會”，應(yīng)用定冠詞the。因此D選項符合題意。

4.翻譯題

Successfulleadersareemotionallyandintellectuallyorientedtothefuture—notweddedtothepast.Theyhaveahungertotakeresponsibility,toinnovate,andtoinitiate.Theyarenotcontentwithmerelytakingcareofwhat’salreadythere.Theywanttomoveforwardtocreatesomethingnew.

Leadersprovideanswersaswellasdirection,offerstrengthaswellasdedication,andspeakfromexperienceaswellasunderstandingoftheproblemstheyfaceandthepeopletheyworkwith.

Leadersareflexibleratherthandogmatic.Theybelieveinunityratherthanconformity.Andtheystrivetoachieveconsensusoutofconflict.

Leadershipisallaboutgettingpeopleconsistentlytogivetheirbest,helpingthemtogrowtotheirfullestpotential,andmotivatingthemtoworktowardacommongood.Leadermaketherightthingshappenwhenthey’resupposedto.

Agoodleader,aneffectiveleader,isonewhohasrespect.Respectissomethingyouhaveinordertoget.Aleaderwhohasrespectforotherpeopleatalllevelsofanorganization.Fortheworktheydo,andfortheirabilities,aspirationsandneeds,willfindthatrespectisreturn.Andallconcernedwillbemotivatedtoworktogether.

【答案】成功的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者無論在情感上還是在理智上都著眼于未來，而不是執(zhí)著于過去。他們渴望創(chuàng)新，積極開拓。他們不滿足于現(xiàn)狀，他們想要前進(jìn)去創(chuàng)造新事物。

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者不僅提供指導(dǎo)也提供答案，不僅給予力量而且樂于奉獻(xiàn)，他們說話既根據(jù)經(jīng)驗，也根據(jù)他們對所面臨的問題和一起共事的人的理解。

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者處事靈活而不武斷。他們相信的是團(tuán)結(jié)而不是隨波逐流。他們力圖在沖突中達(dá)成共識。

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力在于讓人們始終盡顯其能，幫助他們最大限度地發(fā)揮自己的潛力，并激勵他們朝著共同的目標(biāo)而努力。領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者在必要的時候能做出正確的決斷。

一個好的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，一個卓有成效的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，是一個尊重他人的人。要得到他人的尊重必須先尊重他人。一個尊重組織上各級員工，尊重他們的工作、能力、愿望和需求的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者也會得到他人的尊重。所有這些都會激勵大家共同努力。

5.單選題

Tobeginsomeactivityisto（）doingit.

問題1選項

A.setdown

B.setup

C.setabout

D.setoff

【答案】C

【解析】動詞詞組辨析。setdown放下，記下；setup建立，裝配；setabout著手，開始做；setoff出發(fā)，引起。句意：開始某項活動就要立馬著手去做。選項C符合句意。

6.單選題

（）fabricsusuallydon’twrinkleasmuchascotton.

問題1選項

A.Symbolic

B.Sympathetic

C.Synthetic

D.Systematic

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項symbolic“象征的；符號的”；B選項sympathetic“同情的；和諧的”；C選項synthetic“綜合的；合成的，人造的”；D選項systematic“系統(tǒng)的；體系的”。句意：合成纖維織物通常沒有棉織物那么容易起皺。由空格后的關(guān)鍵詞“fabrics纖維織物”可知“合成的”符合句意，因此C選項正確。

7.單選題

Perhapsthemoststrikingqualityofsatiricliteratureisitsfreshness,itsoriginalityofperspective.Satirerarelyoffersoriginalideas.Instead,itpresentsthefamiliarinanewform.Satiristsdonotoffertheworldnewphilosophies.Whattheydoistolookatfamiliarconditionsformaperspectivethatmakestheseconditionsseemfoolish,harmfuloraffected.Satirejarsusoutofcomplacenceintoapleasantlyshockedrealizationthatmanyofthevaluesweunquestioninglyacceptarefalse.DonQuixotemakeschivalryseemabsurd;BraveNewWorldridiculesthepretensionsofscience;AModestproposaldramatizedstarvationbyadvocatingcannibalism.Noneoftheseideasisoriginal.ChivalrywassuspectbeforeCervantes,humanistsobjectedtotheclaimsofpuresciencebeforeAldousHuxleyandpeoplewereawareoffaminebeforeSwift.Itwasnottheoriginalityoftheideasthatmadethesesatirespopular.Itwasthemannerofexpression,thesatiricmethodthatmadetheminterestingandentertaining.Satiresarereadbecausetheyareaestheticallysatisfyingworksofart,notbecausetheyaremorallywholesomeorethicallyinstructive.Theyarestimulatingandrefreshingbecausewithcommonsensebrisknesstheybrushawayillusionsandsecondhandopinions.Withspontaneousirreverence,satirerearrangesperspectives,scramblesfamiliarobjectsintoincongruouscombinationandspeaksinapersonalidiominsteadofabstractplatitude.

Satireexistsbecausethereisneedforit.Ithaslivedbecausereadersappreciatearefreshingstimulus,anirreverentreminderthattheylivedinaworldofplatitudinousthinking,cheapmoralizing,andfoolishphilosophy.Satireservestoprodpeopleintoanawarenessoftruth,thoughrarelytoanyactiononbehalfoftruth.Satiretendstoremindpeoplethatmuchofwhattheysee,hear,andreadinpopularmediaissanctimonious,sentimental,andonlypartiallytrue.Liferesemblesinonlyaslightdegreethepopularimageofit.Soldiersrarelyholdtheidealsthatmoviesattributetothem,nordoordinarycitizensdevotetheirlivestounselfishserviceofhumanity.Intelligentpeopleknowthesethingsbuttendtoforgetthemwhentheydonothearthemexpressed.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Whichofthefollowingcanbefoundinsatireliterature?

3.Accordingtothepassage,thereisaneedforsatirebecausepeopleneedtobe（

）.

4.Asaresultofreadingsatiricliterature,readerwillbemostlikelyto（

）.

5.ThevariouspurposedofsatireincludeallofthefollowingEXCEPT（

）.

問題1選項

A.Difficultiesofwritingsatiricliterature.

B.Populartopicsofsatire.

C.Newphilosophiesemergingfromsatiricliterature.

D.Reasonsforthepopularityofsatire.

問題2選項

A.Newlyemergingphilosophies.

B.Oddcombinationsofobjectsandideas.

C.Abstractdiscussionofmoralandethnics.

D.Wholesomecharacterswhoareunselfish.

問題3選項

A.informedaboutnewscientificdevelopments

B.exposedtooriginalphilosophieswhentheyareformulated

C.remindedthatpopularideasareofteninaccurate

D.toldhowtheycanbeofservicetotheircommunities

問題4選項

A.teachthemselvestowritefiction

B.acceptconventionalpointsofview

C.becomebetterinformedaboutcurrentaffairs

D.reexaminetheiropinionsandvalues

問題5選項

A.introducingreaderstounfamiliarsituations

B.brushingawayillusion

C.remindingreadersofthetruth

D.exposingfalsevalues

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】主旨大意題。文章第一段主要講諷刺文學(xué)的特點，諷刺作品的一些特性。第二段第一句提到了諷刺作品存在是因為人們對它有需求。綜合理解全文，文章主要是在分析諷刺作品流行，被人廣泛地接受的原因。故正確答案選D。選項A、B文章沒有提及，選項C意思與文章第一段第四句的描述相反。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。定位到文章第一段第四句“Satiristsdonotoffertheworldnewphilosophies.諷刺作家沒有為世界貢獻(xiàn)新的哲學(xué)”排除A，文章第一段倒數(shù)第三句“Satiresarereadbecausetheyareaestheticallysatisfyingworksofart,notbecausetheyaremorallywholesomeorethicallyinstructive.人們讀諷刺作品是因為在審美上它們是令人滿意的文學(xué)作品，而不是因為道德的完美和倫理的說教”，由此可以排除C。選項D文章并未提及。故正確答案選B。

3.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。定位到文章第二段第二句“Ithaslivedbecausereadersappreciatearefreshingstimulus,anirreverentreminderthattheylivedinaworldofplatitudinousthinking,cheapmoralizing,andfoolishphilosophy.它的存在是因為讀者欣賞使人耳目一新的刺激，直接向人們指出我們生活在一個思想平凡、道德廉價和哲學(xué)愚蠢的世界里”，由此可判斷，正確答案選C。

4.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。定位到文章第一段倒數(shù)第二句“Theyarestimulatingandrefreshingbecausewithcommonsensebrisknesstheybrushawayillusionsandsecondhandopinions.Withspontaneousirreverence,satirerearrangesperspectives,...它們啟發(fā)人生，使人耳目一新是因為它們用簡明的常識洗刷去了幻覺和舊的常識。諷刺作品用自然的嘲諷態(tài)度重新設(shè)置了觀點，……”，由此可知，閱讀諷刺文學(xué)的讀者，會重新看待舊的常識和事物，重新審視自身具有的觀點。選項D符合題意。

5.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。定位到文章第一段第五句“Whattheydoistolookatfamiliarconditionsformaperspectivethatmakestheseconditionsseemfoolish,harmfuloraffected.他們所做的是采取這樣一種立場看待熟悉的環(huán)境，使得它們看上去愚蠢、有害或者造作?！笨芍x項A并不是諷刺文學(xué)作品寫作的目的。故正確答案選A。

8.翻譯題

Visitamuseumthesedaysandyou’llseepeopleusingtheirsmartphonesandcamerastotakepicturesofworksofart,archeologicalfinds,historicalartifacts,andanyotherobjectthatstrikestheirfancy.Whiletakingapicturemightseemlikeagoodwaytopreservethemoment,newresearchsuggeststhatmuseum-goersmaywanttoputtheircamerasdown.Inanewstudy,psychologicalscientistLindaHenkelofFairfieldUniversitypresentsdatashowingthatparticipantshadworsememoryforobjects,andforspecificobjectdetails,whentheytookphotosofthem.

“Peoplesooftenwhipouttheircamerasalmostmindlesslytocaptureamoment,tothepointthattheyaremissingwhatishappeningrightinfrontofthem,”saysHenkel.Shecallsthisthe“photo-takingimpairmenteffect”.

【答案】如今參觀博物館，你會看到人們用智能手機(jī)和相機(jī)拍攝藝術(shù)作品、考古發(fā)現(xiàn)、歷史文物和任何其他吸引他們眼球的物品。雖然拍照似乎是保存這一瞬間的好方法，但新的研究表明，參觀博物館的人可能會想放下相機(jī)。在一項新的研究中，費(fèi)爾菲爾德大學(xué)（FairfieldUniversity）的心理學(xué)家琳達(dá)?漢克爾（LindaHenkel）提供的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，參與者在拍照時對物體和特定物體細(xì)節(jié)的記憶力較差。

漢克爾說：“人們經(jīng)常無意識地拿出相機(jī)來捕捉某個瞬間，以至于他們忽略了眼前正在發(fā)生的事情。”她稱之為“拍照障礙效應(yīng)”。

9.單選題

Hewassomeanthathecouldn’tbearto（

）thesmallestsumofmoneyforthecharityappeal.

問題1選項

A.partwith

B.givein

C.payoff

D.letout

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。partwith意為“放棄，失去，割舍”；givein意為“屈服”；payoff意為“付清”；letout意為“出租，放出，發(fā)出”。

句意：他如此吝嗇以至于不能忍受為慈善割舍一點點錢。

10.單選題

Ifinnovatorsarenotfinanciallyrewardedfortheirinnovations,theincentiveforpath-breakinginnovationwilleventuallydryup.

問題1選項

A.investment

B.resource

C.inspiration

D.stimulus

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析。句意:如果創(chuàng)新者不能從改革創(chuàng)新中獲取經(jīng)濟(jì)回報，那么他們的創(chuàng)新最終就會減弱。investment:投資，投入;resource:資源，財力;inspiration:靈感，鼓舞;stimulus刺激。incentive:動機(jī)，刺激。故選D。

11.單選題

CharlesDarwin’s“OntheOriginofSpecies”iscreditedwithsparkingevolution’srevolutioninscientificthought,butmanyobservershadponderedevolutionbeforehim.Itwasunderstandingtheidea’ssignificanceandsellingittothepublicthatmadeDarwingreat,accordingtotheArnoldarboretum’snewdirector.

WilliamFriedman,theArnoldProfessorofOrganismandEvolutionaryBiologywhotookoverasarboretumdirectorJan.1hasstudiedDarwin’swritingsaswellasthoseofhispredecessorsandcontemporaries.WhileDarwiniswidelycreditedasthefatherofevolution,Friedmansaidthe“historicalsketch”thatDarwinattachedtolaterprintingsofhismasterpiecewasintendedtomollifythosewhodemandedcreditfortheirownearlierideas.

Thehistoricalsketchgrewwitheachsubsequentprinting,FriedmantoldanaudienceMonday(Jan.10)，until,bythe6thedition,34authorswerementionedinit.

Scholarsnowbelievethatsomewherebetween50and60authorshadbeatenDarwinintheirwritingsaboutevolution.IncludedwasDarwin’sgrandfather,ErasmusDarwin,aphysicianwhoirritatedclergymenwithhisinsistencethatlifearosefromlowerforms,specificallymollusks.

Friedman’stalk,“ADarwinianLookatDarwin’sEvolutionistAncestors，”tookplaceatthearboretum’sHunnewellBuildingandwasthefirstinanewDirector’sLectureSeries.

ThoughothershadclearlyponderedevolutionbeforeDarwin,hewasn’twithoutoriginality.FriedmansaidthatDarwin’sthinkingonnaturalselectionasthemechanismofevolutionwassharedbyfew,mostprominentlyAlfredWallace,whosewritingonthesubjectafteryearsinthefieldspurredDarwin’swritingof“OntheOriginofSpecies”.Althoughthebookrunsmorethan400pages,FriedmansaiditwasneverthebookonevolutionandnaturalselectionthatDarwinintended.In1856,threeyearsbeforethebookwaspublished,hebeganworkonadetailedtomeonnaturalselectionthatwouldn’tseepublicationuntil1975.

Theseminaleventincreating“OntheOriginofSpecies”occurredin1858,whenWallacewroteDarwindetailingWallace’sideasofevolutionbynaturalselection.ThearrivalofWallace’sideasgalvanizedDarwinintowriting“OntheOriginofSpecies”asan“abstract”oftheideashewaspainstakinglylayingoutinthelargerwork.ThiswasaluckybreakforDarwin,becauseitforcedhimtowritehisideasinplainlanguage,whichledtoabookthatwasnotonlyrevolutionary,despitethosewho’dtreadsimilargroundbefore,butthatwasalsoveryreadable.

ThoughothersthoughtaboutevolutionbeforeDarwin,scientificdiscoveryrequiresmorethanjustanidea.Inadditiontotheconcept,discoveryrequirestheunderstandingofthesignificanceoftheidea，somethingsomeoftheearlierauthorsclearlydidnothave一suchasthearboristwhoburiedhisthoughtsonnaturalselectionintheappendixofabookonnavaltimber.Lastly,scientificdiscoverydemandstheabilitytoconvinceothersofthecorrectnessofanidea.Darwin,through“OntheOriginofSpecies，”wastheonlythinkerofthetimewhohadallthreeofthosetraits,Friedmansaid.

“Darwinhadtheabilitytoconvinceothersofthecorrectnessoftheidea，”Friedmansaid,addingthatevenWallace,whoseclaimtonewthinkingonevolutionandnaturalselectionwasstrongerthanalltheothers,paidhomagetoDarwinbytitlinghis1889bookonthesubject,“Darwinism.’’

1.AccordingtoWilliamFriedman,Darwin’s“OntheOriginofSpecies”isgreatinthat______.

2.FriedmanbelievesthatDarwinattacheda“historicalsketch”tolaterprintingsofhisbookinanattemptto_______.

3.InFriedman’sview,Darwin’soriginalityliesin_______.

4.WehavelearnedthatatfirstDarwinintendedtowritehisideain（）

5.ScientificdiscoveryrequiredallthefollowingExcept（）

問題1選項

A.itwasthemoststudiedbylaterscientists

B.ithadsignificantideasaboutevolutions

C.itwasthefirsttotalkaboutevolution

D.itwaswellreceivedbythepublic

問題2選項

A.credittheideasaboutevolutionbeforehis

B.claimhimselfasthefathterofevolution

C.introducehisgrandfathertothereader

D.summarizethispredecessors’work

問題3選項

A.histhinkingonnaturalselectionasthemechanismofevolution

B.hissharingideasaboutevolutionwithhiscontemporaries

C.thewayhewrote“OntheOriginofSpecies”

D.thewayhelecturedontheideasofevolution

問題4選項

A.amuchlargerbook

B.a400book

C.scientificterms

D.plainlanguage

問題5選項

A.comingupwithanewidea

B.understandingthesignificanceoftheidea

C.makingclaimstotheideabywritingbooks

D.convincingothersofthecorrectnessoftheides

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：根據(jù)威廉?弗里德曼的觀點，達(dá)爾文的《論物種起源》很偉大，因為______。第二段第一句提到了WilliamFriedman的身份是arboretumdirector，由此可以找到第一段中他的觀點“Itwasunderstandingtheidea’ssignificanceandsellingittothepublicthatmadeDarwingreat”，與D選項對應(yīng)。因此D選項符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：弗里德曼認(rèn)為，達(dá)爾文在他的書的后期印刷中附上了一幅“歷史素描”是試圖_______。第二段最后提到“…the“historicalsketch”thatDarwinattached…wasintendedtomollifythosewhodemandedcreditfortheirownearlierideas”，他這么做是為了安撫那些為自己的早期的觀點要求聲望的人，因此A選項符合題意。

3.Normal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：在弗里德曼看來，達(dá)爾文的獨(dú)創(chuàng)性在于_____。本文第五段第一句提到達(dá)爾文的獨(dú)創(chuàng)性：Though

othershadclearlyponderedevolutionbeforeDarwin,hewasn’twithoutoriginality.FriedmansaidthatDarwin’sthinkingonnaturalselectionasthemechanismofevolutionwassharedbyfew.由此可知，雖然在達(dá)爾文之前就已經(jīng)有人思考過進(jìn)化的問題，但達(dá)爾文在這方面還是具有創(chuàng)造性。弗里德曼說，只有少數(shù)人認(rèn)同達(dá)爾文在自然選擇這種機(jī)制方面的見解。因此A選項符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)題推理題。題干：我們已經(jīng)知道，起初達(dá)爾文打算把他的想法寫進(jìn)______。由題干定位到文章第五段最后兩句“Althoughthebookrunsmorethan400pages…itwasneverthebookonevolutionandnaturalselectionthatDarwinintended…h(huán)ebeganworkonadetailedtomeonnaturalselectionthatwouldn’tseepublicationuntil1975”，可知達(dá)爾文本身是有更宏大的寫作計劃。因此A選項符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。題干：科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)需要以下所有條件，除了______。文中第八段第一句提到了scientificdiscovery科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)。第一句中的“requiresmorethanjustanidea”與A選項對應(yīng)；第二句中的“theunderstandingofthesignificanceoftheidea”與B選項對應(yīng)；第三句中的“theabilitytoconvinceothersofthecorrectnessofanidea”與D選項對應(yīng)。因此C選項符合題意。

12.寫作題

Inthispart,youarerequiredtowriteanessayofnolessthan200wordsentitledUniversityTuitionSysteminChina.TheEssayshouldbebasedontheoutlinebelow:

1.AbriefintroductionofthetuitionsysteminuniversitiesinChina;

2.Viewpointsforit;

3.Viewpointsagainstit;

4.Yourcomments.

【答案】UniversityTuitionSysteminChina13.翻譯題

中國人的年講究的就是一個團(tuán)聚，正如中國知名作家馮驥才所講：春節(jié)是中國人的“情感時刻”。這一天無論你身在何處，回家團(tuán)圓是唯一的主題，思鄉(xiāng)情感也要在這一刻得到宣泄。對于英國留學(xué)生們來說，春節(jié)回家的愿望，非要天時地利人和，多重因素都給力，才能夠得以實現(xiàn)。每年的春節(jié)大多在一、二月間，這個時候并不是學(xué)校的假期，留學(xué)生們無法脫身。

【答案】WhatChineseNewYearstressesisafamilyreunion.JustasFengJicai,afamousChinesewriter,haspointedout,theSpringFestivalisan“emotionalmoment”fortheChinesepeople.Whereveryoumaybethatday,returninghomeforafamilyreunionistheonlytopicofconversationandyourhomesicknessissuretobegotoffyourchest.ForoverseasChinesestudentsintheUnitedKingdom,theirwishofreturninghomeduringtheSpringFestivalcannotberealizedunlesseverythingisOKandmanyfactorsaregeliable.TheSpringFestivalfallschieflybetweenJanuaryandFebruary,duringwhichschoolshavenovacations,overseasstudentscannotleaveschool.

14.單選題

They____themselves____thepoliticianbecausetheyhopedhewouldbecomepresidentoneday.Atlasthedid.

問題1選項

A.connected…with

B.combined…with

C.linked…with

D.attached…to

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.connected…with與某人有聯(lián)系B.combined…with使結(jié)合；兼有

C.linked…with把……連接起來；有聯(lián)系D.attached…to（~yourselftosb）和某人在一起，依附于某人

【答案】D

【考查點】語義銜接與短語辨析

【解題思路】空格部分語義為“____他們自己____政治家”，后文提到“因為希望他有一天能成為總統(tǒng)。最后他做到了?！庇纱送茢?，他們應(yīng)該是跟隨有可能成為總統(tǒng)的政治家，D選項attached…to“（~yourselftosb）和某人在一起，依附于某人”符合要求；另外，原文的形式____themselves____thepolitician也與D選項的常用形式相符合。因此，本題最佳選項為D。

【干擾項排除】

A選項connected…with“與某人有聯(lián)系”，語義和形式?jīng)]有D選項恰當(dāng)；

B選項combined…with“使結(jié)合；兼有”，不符合原句語義銜接；

C選項linked…with“把……連接起來；有聯(lián)系”，語義和形式?jīng)]有D選項恰當(dāng)。

【句意】他們依附于那位政治家，因為他們希望他有一天能成為總統(tǒng)。最后他做到了。

15.單選題

ThesculpturallegacythatnewUnitedStates______itscolonialpredecessorswasfarfromarichone,andinfact,in1776sculpturesasanartformwasstillinthehandsofartisansandcraftspeople.

問題1選項

A.inheritedfrom

B.inheritedin

C.adaptedto

D.adoptedto

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項inheritedfrom“從……繼承……”；B選項inheritedin非固定搭配；C選項adaptedto“適應(yīng)于”；D選項adoptedto“采用”。句意：新美洲從其殖民前輩那里______的雕塑遺產(chǎn)遠(yuǎn)不是豐富的，事實上，在1776年，雕塑作為一種藝術(shù)形式仍然在工匠和手藝人手中。根據(jù)語境，A選項inheritedfrom“從……繼承……”搭配legacy“遺產(chǎn)”比較合理，意指從先輩那里繼承的雕塑藝術(shù)遺產(chǎn)，符合題意。因此A選項正確。

16.單選題

EventhoughCochranbeatMcDanielbymore6,000votesinthenationalelection,thelatterdidn’t（）,complainingthatAfricanAmericansvotingforCochranlosthimtherace.

問題1選項

A.tangle

B.concede

C.torment

D.stalk

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項tangle表示“（和……）爭吵；打架；使纏結(jié)在一起”；B選項concede表示“讓步，承認(rèn)，退讓”；C選項torment表示“折磨，痛苦，捉弄”；D選項stalk表示“追蹤，偷偷接近”。根據(jù)eventhough可判斷前后兩句為讓步關(guān)系，由后文“complainingthatAfricanAmericansvotingforCochranlosthimtherace”可知，McDaniel抱怨是非洲裔美國人投票給Cochran才導(dǎo)致他輸?shù)袅烁傔x，說明他依然對這件事耿耿于懷，可見他并不承認(rèn)失敗。因此，本題正確答案為B選項。

17.寫作題

Forthisport,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic"MyUnderstandingofGlobalization”.Youshouldwriteatleast200words.

【答案】MyUnderstandingofGlobalization18.單選題

Onnoaccount______toanyonewhoworksinthecompany.

問題1選項

A.mynamemustbementioned

B.mynamemustmention

C.mustmynamebementioned

D.mustmynamemention

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：無論如何不能向在公司工作的任何人提及我的名字。根據(jù)否定詞謂語句首，確定用部分倒裝，語序是否定詞+be動詞/情態(tài)動詞/助動詞+主語+剩余部分；根據(jù)myname和mention是被動關(guān)系，確定用被動語態(tài)。C選項mustmynamebementioned符合題意。其余選項用法錯誤。因此C選項正確。

19.單選題

Treesaregood.Goodenoughtohug.Plantingtreeswillmaketheworldcoolerthanitwouldotherwisebe.ThisisthesubjectofanewlypublishedstudybyGovindasamyBala,oftheLawrenceLivermoreNationalLaboratory,inCalifornia,andhiscolleagues.DrBalahasfound,rathercounter-intuitively,thatremovingalloftheworld’streesmightactuallycooltheplanetdown.

Thereasonforthisisthattreesaffecttheworld’stemperaturebymeansotherthanthecarbontheytakein.Forinstanceforestsremainquiteadarkshadeevenafterasnowstorm.Theyarecertainlydarkerthangrasslands,andthustheycanabsorbmoreofthesun’sheatthanvegetationwhichmightotherwisecoverthesamestretchofland.Thatwarmsthingsup.

DrBalaandhiscolleaguestooksucheffectsintoaccountusingacomputermodelcalledtheIntegratedClimateandCarbonModel.Unlikemostclimate-changemodels,whichcalculatehowtheEarthshouldabsorbandradiateheatinresponsetoalistofgreenhouse-gasconcentrations,thisonehasmanysubsectionsthatrepresenthowthecarboncycleworks,andhowitinfluencestheclimate.

Overall,DrBala’smodelsuggeststhatcompletedeforestationwouldcauseanadditional1.3℃temperaturerisecomparedwithbusinessasusualbecauseofthehighercarbon–dioxidelevelsthatwouldresult.However,theadditionalreflectivityoftheplanetwouldcause1.6℃ofcooling.Atreelessworldwouldthusbe0.3℃coolerthanotherwise.

Noone,ofcourse,wouldconsiderchoppingdowntheworld’sforeststokeeptheplanetcool.Buthavingmadetheirpoint,DrBalaandhiscolleaguesthenwentontolookatforestgrowthandlossatdifferentlatitudes.PlantingtreesinconvenientplacessuchasEuropeandNorthAmericamayactuallybecounterproductive.InRussiaandCanada,cuttingtreesdownledmostlytolocalcooling.Thecarbondioxidethisreleasedintotheatmosphere,though,warmedtheworldallover.Aroundtheequator,bycontrast,warmingactedlocally(aswellasglobally),soatropicalcountrywouldexperiencewarmingcreatedbycuttingdowntrees.

Theresultsfollowincreasingcriticismfromclimatescientistsofthebenefitsofforestryschemestooffsetcarbonemissions.Plantingtreestoneutralizecarbonemissionshasbecomeabigbusiness:￡60mworthoftreeshavebeenboughtthisyear,upfrom￡20min2005.By2010themarketisexpectedtoreachf300m.

1.Accordingtothepassage,treesmaketheworldwarmerbecauseoftheir（）.

2.DrBala’sIntegratedClimateandCarbonModel（）.

3.BasedonDrBala’smodel,atreelessworldwould（）.

4.AccordingtoDrBala,thebestplacestoplanttreeswouldbe（）.

5.Asisshowninthepassage,criticismfromotherclimatescientists（）.

問題1選項

A.deepcolort

B.roundshapet

C.enormoussizet

D.highreflectivityt

問題2選項

A.supportsthefindingsofotherclimatemodelst

B.isbasedontheresultsofotherclimatemodelst

C.usesasystemdifferentfromotherclimatemodelst

D.challengesthebasictheoryofotherclimatemodelst

問題3選項

A.causeseriousenvironmentalproblemst

B.provehelpfulinfightingglobalwarmingt

C.makeitdifficulttodealwithclimatechanget

D.raisecarbondioxidelevelsandglobaltemperaturet

問題4選項

A.NorthAmericat

B.Europet

C.High-latitudecountriest

D.tropicalcountriestt

問題5選項

A.shouldbetakenratherseriouslyt

B.isunreasonableandfar-fetchedt

C.involvesmostlyeconomicinterestst

D.isvoicedonbehalfofthegovernment

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干意思是“根據(jù)文章，樹木使世界變暖是因為它們……”。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句forestsremainquiteadarkshadeevenafterasnowstorm（在暴風(fēng)雪之后，森林仍然是一片黑暗的陰影）和最后一句Thatwarmsthingsup（這會讓氣氛升溫）可知，是因為樹木顏色深、陰影面積大，所以世界才會變暖，故A項“顏色深”正確。B項“圓形狀”、C項“巨大的體積”和D項“高反射率”都與樹木使世界變暖無關(guān)。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干意思是“巴拉博士的‘綜合氣候和碳模型’……”。根據(jù)第三段第二句Unlikemostclimate-changemodels,whichcalculatehowtheEarthshouldabsorbandradiateheatinresponsetoalistofgreenhouse-gasconcentrations,thisonehasmanysubsectionsthatrepresenthowthecarboncycleworks,andhowitinfluencestheclimate.（大多數(shù)氣候變化模型都是根據(jù)一系列溫室氣體濃度來計算地球應(yīng)該如何吸收和輻射熱量，而這個模型不同，它有許多分部來代表碳循環(huán)是如何工作的，以及它是如何影響氣候的）可知，巴拉博士的“綜合氣候和碳模型”和大多數(shù)氣候變化模型不同，故C項“使用一個不同于其他氣候模型的系統(tǒng)”正確。A項“支持其他氣候模型的發(fā)現(xiàn)”和B項“是基于其他氣候模型的結(jié)果”文中未提及；D項“挑戰(zhàn)其他氣候模型的基本理論”，文章只是把“綜合氣候和碳模型”和其他氣候模型做了對比，并沒有提到挑戰(zhàn)，D項錯誤。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干意思是“根據(jù)巴拉博士的模型，一個沒有樹木的世界將會是……”。第四段最后一句提到Atreelessworldwouldthusbe0.3℃coolerthanotherwise.（一個沒有樹木的世界會比其他情況低0.3℃），由此可知，沒有樹木的世界氣溫會下降，由此可以有助于對抗全球變暖的問題，故B項“證明有助于對抗全球變暖”正確。A項“造成嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境問題”和C項“使應(yīng)對氣候變化變得困難”不是根據(jù)巴拉博士的模型得出的結(jié)論；D項“提高二氧化碳水平和全球溫度”，內(nèi)容與原文相反。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干意思是“巴拉博士認(rèn)為，最好的植樹地點是……”。第五段最后一句指出Aroundtheequator,bycontrast,warmingactedlocally(aswellasglobally),soatropicalcountrywouldexperiencewarmingcreatedbycuttingdowntrees.（相比之下，在赤道附近，氣候變暖是局部的，也是全球現(xiàn)象，所以一個熱帶國家會經(jīng)歷砍伐樹木造成的變暖），由此可知熱帶國家砍伐樹木會造成氣候變暖，那么反之，種植樹木會中和氣候變暖，所以最好的植樹地點是熱帶國家，故D項“熱帶國家”正確。根據(jù)第五段第三句PlantingtreesinconvenientplacessuchasEuropeandNorthAmericamayactuallybecounterproductive.（在歐洲和北美等方便的地方植樹實際上可能適得其反）可知，A項“北美”和B項“歐洲”錯誤；第五段第四句提到InRussiaandCanada,cuttingtreesdownledmostlytolocalcooling.（在俄羅斯和加拿大，砍伐樹木主要是為了給當(dāng)?shù)亟禍兀┛芍?，高緯度國家不適合植樹，所以C項“高緯度國家”也錯誤。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

第5題:推理判斷題。題干意思是“如文章所示，來自其他氣候科學(xué)家的批評是……”。文章末段指出Theresultsfollowincreasingcriticismfromclimatescientistsofthebenefitsofforestryschemestooffsetcarbonemissions.Plantingtreestoneutralizecarbonemissionshasbecomeabigbusiness（這一結(jié)果得到氣候科學(xué)家越來越多的批評，林業(yè)計劃可以抵消碳排放量；通過植樹來中和碳排放已經(jīng)成為一項大生意），通過句子中的“abigbusiness”可知，氣候科學(xué)家的批評主要涉及經(jīng)濟(jì)利益，故C項“主要涉及經(jīng)濟(jì)利益”符合題意。A項“應(yīng)該被認(rèn)真對待”、B項“不合理和牽強(qiáng)”和D項“代表政府發(fā)聲”都與原文無關(guān)。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

20.單選題

Atthesightofherhusbandgettingoffthetrain,thewomanwalkedforwardand_______himandstrokedhiswhitehair.

問題1選項

A.embraced

B.clapped

C.paddled

D.flocked

【答案】A

【解析】embraced擁抱;clapped拍手喝彩;paddled攪拌;flocked聚集。句意：一看到丈夫下火車,女人就上前擁抱他,撫摸他的白發(fā)。選項A符合句意。

21.翻譯題

Abstractionisanoldstorywiththephilosophers,butithasbeenlikeanewtoyinthehandsoftheartistsofourday.Whycan’twehaveanyonequalityofpoetrywechoosebyitself?Wecanhaveinthought.Thenitwillgohardifwecan’tinpractice.Ourlivesforit.

Granted,noonebutahumanistmuchcareshowsoundapoemisifitisonlyasound.Thesoundisthegoldintheore.Thenwewillhavethesoundouta