考研考博-英語-合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Inalettertoafriend,GeorgeOrwellwrote,“ItisimpossibletomentionJewsinprint,eitherfavorablyorunfavorably,withoutgettingintotrouble.”Buttherearetimeswhentroublehadbetterbegotintobeforemeretroubleturnsintocatastrophe.Jews,blacks,andhomosexualistsaredespisedbythemajoritiesofEastandWest.Also,asaresultoftheinventionofIsrael,JewscannowcountonthehatredoftheIslamicworld.SinceAmerica’sownChristianmajoritylookstobegettingreadyforgreatadventuresathomeandabroad,Iwouldsuggestthatthethreedespisedminoritiesjoinforcesinordernottobedestroyed.Thisseemsanobviousthingtodo.Unfortunately,mostJewsrefusetoseeanysimilaritybetweentheirspecialsituationandthatofthesame-sexers.Atonelevel,theJewsareperfectlycorrect.Aracialorreligiousortribalidentityisakindoffact.Althoughsexualpreferenceisanevenmorepowerfulfact,itisnotonethatcreatesanyparticularsocialorculturalorreligiousbondbetweenthoseso-minded.AlthoughJewswoulddoubtlessbeJewsiftherewasnoanti-Semitism,same-sexerswouldthinklittleornothingatallabouttheirpreferenceifsocietyignoredit.Sothereisadifferencebetweenthetwoestates.ButthereisnodifferenceinthedegreeofhatredfeltbytheChristianmajorityforChrist-killersandSodomites.IntheGermanconcentrationcamps,Jewsworeyellowstarswhilehomosexualistsworepinktriangles.IwaspresentwhenChristopherIsherwoodtriedtomakethispointtoayoungJewishmovieproducer.“Afterall,”saidIsherwood,“Hitlerkilledsixhundredthousandhomosexuals.”Theyoungmanwasnotimpressed.“ButHitlerkilledsixmillionJews,”hesaidsternly.“Whatareyou?”askedIsherwood.“Inrealestate?”

Likeitornot,Jewsandhomosexualistsareinthesamefragileboat,andonewouldhavetobeprettyobtusenottoseethecommondanger.ButobtusenessisthenameofthegameamongNewYork’snewclass.Harper’sMagazineandCommentaryusuallypublishthesepieces,thoughotherperiodicalsarenotaboveprintingtheoddexposeofthelatesthomosexualconspiracytoturntheUnitedStatesovertotheSovietUnionortostructuralismortoChristianDior.Althoughthenewclass’sthoughtsarenevermuchinthemselves,andtheythemselvesarenomorethanspearcarriersinthepoliticalandculturallifeoftheWest,theirprejudicesandsuperstitionsdoregisterinasubliminalway,makingmephitictheairofManhattanifnotoftheRepublic.

Althoughthekindnessofstrangersismuchsoughtafter,gayliberationhasnotgotmuchsupportfromanyone.NaturalalliesliketheJewsareoftenvirulentintheirattacks.Blacksintheirghettos,Chicanosintheirbarrios,andrednecksintheirpulpitsalsohavebeeninfluencedbythesametribaltaboos.ThatJewsandblacksandChicanosandrednecksallcontributetotheranksofthesame-sexersonlyincreasesthemadness.

Herewiththeburdenof“TheBoysontheBeach”:sincehomosexualistschoosetobethewaytheyareoutofidlehatefulness,ithasbeenamistaketoallowthemtocomeoutoftheclosettotheextentthattheyhave,butnowthattheyareout(whichmostarenot),theywillhavenochoicebuttofaceuptotheiressentialhatefulnessandabnormalityandsobedriventokillthemselveswithpromiscuity,drugs,andsuicide.Noteventheauthorsof“TheProtocolsoftheEldersofZion”eversuggestedthattheJews,whoweresohatefultothem,werealsohatefultothemselves.SoDecterhasmanagedtogoonestepfurtherthantheProtocols’authors;sheisindeedavirtuosoofhate,andthusdopogromsbegin.

1.Theauthorarguesthatakeydifferencebetweenanti-Semitismandhomophobiais

（

）.

2.Inthesecondparagraph,obtusenessisusedtomean

（

）.

3.ThemeaningwearemeanttotakefromtheconversationbetweenChristopherIsherwoodandthefilmproduceris

（

）.

4.Theauthorbelievesthattheargumentsputforthin“TheBoysontheBeach”

（

）.

5.Theauthorarguesthat（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.anti-semitismcanbeeffectivelystoppedthroughtheuseofHollywoodmovies

B.homophobiadirectlyaffectsmembersofmanydifferentethnicandreligiousgroups

C.anti-semitismisarelicofthe19thcentury

D.homophobiaisprimarilyspreadthroughwrittentexts

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.beingunwillingtounderstandorgraspnewconcepts

B.Jewishdislikeofhomosexuals

C.mentaloremotionaldisability

D.deficitofunderstanding

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thatJewshavesufferedworsethanhomosexuals

B.thathomosexualsandJewsbothsufferedterriblyundertheNaziregime

C.thatlossofhumanlifemaybeeasilyandmeaningfullyquantified

D.thatHollywoodproducesfilmsthatmeaningfullyexplorestheNazimurderofJewsandhomosexualsalike

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.echothethemesofTheProtocolsoftheEldersofZion

B.aresimilartothoseargumentsheardbefore

C.mayleadtoanorganizedmassacreofaspecificgroup

D.canbemeaningfullyinterpretedthroughthelensoftheJewishexperienceinAmerica

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.homosexualityandJudaismarenecessarilymutuallyexclusive,butbothareindanger

B.homosexualsandJewsshareacommoninterestinjustice

C.“TheBoysontheBeach”,like“TheProtocolsoftheEldersofZion,”isathreattohomosexuals

D.identitygroupsthatarefrequentlydiscriminatedagainstshouldsupporteachother

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:1.判斷推理題。文中第一段說到“Althoughsexualpreferenceisanevenmorepowerfulfact,itisnotonethatcreatesanyparticularsocialorculturalorreligiousbondbetweenthoseso-minded.”盡管性偏好是一個更強(qiáng)大的事實(shí)，但它并不能在那些頭腦簡單的人之間建立起任何特定的社會、文化或宗教紐帶。說明與反猶太主義不同的是，恐同癥直接影響到許多不同種族和宗教團(tuán)體的成員，B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第2題:2.詞義題。由關(guān)鍵詞定位到第二段第一句“Likeitornot,Jewsandhomosexualistsareinthesamefragileboat,andonewouldhavetobeprettyobtusenottoseethecommondanger.”不管喜歡與否，猶太人和同性戀者都在同一條脆弱的船上，而人們卻不得不遲鈍地對于這種眾所周知的危險(xiǎn)視而不見。因此obtuseness在這里表示“故意拒絕接受”，A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第3題:3.判斷推理題。第一段中說到“‘Afterall,’saidIsherwood,Hitlerkilledsixhundredthousandhomosexuals.’Theyoungmanwasnotimpressed.‘ButHitlerkilledsixmillionJews,’hesaidsternly.”可知在納粹制度下，同性戀者和猶太人都遭受了迫害。B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第4題:4.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。最后一段中說到“theywillhavenochoice…sobedriventokillthemselves”,他們別無選擇，被迫自殺。并且在最后還說到“SoDecterhasmanagedtogoonestepfurtherthantheProtocols’authors;sheisindeedavirtuosoofhate,andthusdopogromsbegin.”Decter更進(jìn)了一步，她是真正的仇恨專家，大屠殺就這樣開始了。因此C選項(xiàng)“可能導(dǎo)致對特定群體有組織的大屠殺”符合題意。

第5題:5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。文章第一段中說到“Jews，blacks,andhomosexualistsaredespisedbythemajoritiesofEastandWest…Iwouldsuggestthatthethreedespisedminoritiesjoinforcesinordernottobedestroyed.”作者認(rèn)為受到歧視的三者有必要聯(lián)合起來。因此D選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)常受到歧視的群體應(yīng)該互相支持”符合題意。

2.問答題

Manypeopleare(A)naturallydistrustfulofambition,feelingthatitrepresents(B)somethingintractableinhumannature.ThusJohnDeanentitledhisbookabouthisinvolvementintheWatergateaffairduringtheNixonadministrationBlindAmbition,asifambition(C)weretobeblamedforhisignobleactions,andnottheconstellationofqualitiesthat(D)makeuphisrathershabbycharacter.

【答案】C；改成weretoblameforhisignobleactions.toblame用主動形式表被動意義。

3.單選題

Maisiehadalwaysthoughtofherselfasbeingshyand（）,andwassurprisedthatanyoneshouldaskheropinion.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.stuttering

B.scattering

C.inarticulate

D.inexpressive

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞詞義解析。stuttering“口吃，結(jié)巴”；scattering“分散的”；inarticulate“不善于表達(dá)的”；inexpressive“無表情的，無意義的”。句意：梅齊認(rèn)為她是害羞而且不善表達(dá)的人，驚訝的是，竟然有人會問她的意見。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.單選題

Alanisagoodfootballplayerandneverbreaks______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.legal

B.regulations

C.limitation

D.agreement

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)legal“法律的；合法的”；B選項(xiàng)regulations“規(guī)則，法規(guī)”；C選項(xiàng)limitation“起限制作用的規(guī)則（limitationsonimports進(jìn)口限制）”；D選項(xiàng)agreement“協(xié)定，協(xié)議”。句意：艾倫是一個優(yōu)秀的足球運(yùn)動員，從不違反______。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是艾倫從不違反足球比賽的規(guī)則，B選項(xiàng)regulations“規(guī)則”符合題意。C選項(xiàng)limitation強(qiáng)調(diào)的是限制，不符合語境。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Aroundtheworld,rumblesofcomplaintaboutglobalizationaregrowinglouder.InEastAsia,thefinancialcrisisof1997leftajaundicedsenseofwhatglobalizationentails,thoughrobusteconomicrecoveryhastemperedthat.Globalization’sstandinghasalsobeenbadlydamagedinLatinAmericabythemeltdownoftheArgentineeconomyin2000andfinancialcrisesinBrazilin1999and2001.NewfearsaboutglobalizationaresurfacinginEuropetoo.InFranceandGermany,workingpeoplelinkglobalizationwithpressurestodismantlethesocialdemocraticstate.

Thesedevelopmentshaveraisedconcernsaboutthedurabilityofglobalizationevenamongitssupporters.InthefinalsectionofhisnewbookGlobalCapitalism:ItsFailandRiseinthe20thCentury，theHarvardprofessorJeffryFrieden—whoisinfavorofglobalization—ruminatesonthepossibilitythattoday’sglobalization,likethatofthe19thcentury,mightfalter.

Itcanbehighlyinstructivetolookbackatwhatsomehistorianscall“thefirstglobalization”.Whenpeopledoso,however,theyoftentendtoidentifyitsendasthebeginningofWorldWarIin1914.Thisiswrong,andleadstomisunderstandingsabouttoday’sglobalization.

ThefirstglobalizationendedwiththeWallStreetcrashof1929andtheensuingGreatDepression.Theworld'sresponsetothecrash,however,wasprofoundlyaffectedbythepoliticalconditionsthatWorldWarIhadcreated.IntheUnitedStates,BritainandFrance,thewarcreatedpoliticalandsocialconditionsthatfosteredaturntosocialdemocracy.InGermany,theonerouseconomicburdensofthe1919TreatyofVersaillesfosteredaturntoNazism.

Thishistoryhasenormoussignificanceforunderstandingtoday'spredicament.Thefirstlessonisthattheeconomiccrisisof1929—notpolitics—broughtdownthefirstglobalization,suggestingthataneconomiccrisis,andnotpolitics,willbringdowntoday’sglobalization.

Thesecondlessonisthatwhilepoliticaldevelopmentsbefore1929didnotcausethecrash,theymatteredenormouslyfortheinternationalresponse.AfterWorldWarI,governmentssubstantiallyrecreatedtheprewareconomicsystem,butthereconstructedsystemdistributedprosperityextremelyunevenly.IntheUnitedStates,wealthandincomeinequalitygrewduringthe"RoaringTwenties".InBritain,theindustrialmidlandsandthenorthsufferedfrompersistentstagnationbecauseofanovervaluedexchangerate.AndprosperitysimplybypassedGermany.

Additionally,therewasapopularturntoisolationisminresponsetothecarnagewroughtbythewar.Theglobaleconomicsystemwasthereforeunpopular,andconsequentlyithadfewdefenderswhenthecrashcame.Thatlessonholdsforthecurrentglobalization,whichisalsounpopularandfeared.

Afterthefirstglobalizationcrashedbecauseofinherentfinancialfragility,theensuingNewDealeracreatedasystemthatremediedthatfragility.TheNewDealeraalsocreatedasocialdemocratic,mass-consumptioneconomyinwhichincomewasmorebroadlysharedbecauseofunionization,minimumwagesandsocialsecurityprovisions.Butsuchaneconomyisexpensiveforindividualcapitalists,givingthemincentivetoevadeitscosts.Thathasbeenadrivingforcebehindglobalizationsince1980,andthatisthecontradictionintoday’ssystem.

1.ThefinancialcriesinBrazilarementionedinthefirstparagraphto（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutJeffryFrieden?

3.Whydoestheauthoradvocatelookingbackatthefirstglobalization?

4.Whichofthefollowingisthelessonlearntfromthehistoryofthefirstglobalization?

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.showthetrendofglobalizationinrecentyears

B.analyzethecausesoffinancialcrisesintheworld

C.illustratehowtoresolvefinancialcrisesintheworld

D.showpeople’snegativeattitudestowardglobalization

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.HeisaprofessorinHarvardUniversity.

B.Hemightbelievethatthedisadvantagesofglobalizationoutweighitsadvantages.

C.HeistheauthorofthebookGlobalCapitalism:ItsFallandRiseinthe20thCentury

D.Hethinksthattoday'sglobalizationmightprobablycrash.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Becauseitcanmakeusidentifytheendofthefirstglobalizationcorrectlyandavoidmisunderstanding.

B.BecauseitcanhelpusfindoutthecausesoftheWallStreetcrashof1929.

C.BecauseitcanmakeusunderstandwhythewarfosteredaturntosocialdemocracyinBritain,whileaturntoNazisminGermany.

D.Becauseitcanhelpusunderstandthecurrentglobalizationandgetsomeinstructiveexperience.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itistheeconomiccrisisorinherentfinancialfragilitythatmaycontributetothecrashofglobalization.

B.InBritain,wealthandincomeinequalitygrewduringthe“RoaringTwenties”，whichmatteredforglobalization.

C.AfterWorldWarI,thereconstructedsystemdistributedprosperityextremelyunevenly,whichwasadrivingforcebehindthefirstglobalization.

D.Thefirstglobalizationcrashedbecauseofinherentfinancialfragilityandthefollowingsocialdemocratic,mass-consumptioneconomy.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theNewDealcontributedtothecrashofthefirstglobalizationtosomeextent.

B.unionization,minimumwagesandsocialsecurityprovisionscanrelievewealthandincomeinequalitytosomeextent.

C.individualcapitalistswereoptimisticaboutasocialdemocratic,mass-consumptioneconomy

D.since1980,therehasbeenacontroversialtrendaboutglobalization

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Globalization’sstandinghasalsobeenbadlydamagedinLatinAmericabythemeltdownoftheArgentineeconomyin2000andfinancialcrisesinBrazilin1999and2001.”，可知2000年阿根廷經(jīng)濟(jì)的崩潰、1999和2001年巴西的經(jīng)融危機(jī)嚴(yán)重?fù)p害了全球化在拉丁美洲的地位?？赏茢喑鋈藗儗θ蚧嬖谙麡O的態(tài)度。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句，“InthefinalsectionofhisnewbookGlobalCapitalism:ItsFailandRiseinthe20thCentury,theHarvardprofessorJeffryFrieden—whoisinfavorofglobalization—ruminatesonthepossibilitythattoday'sglobalization,likethatofthe19thcentury,mightfalter.”，從這一段對JeffryFrieden的介紹中可知，他是哈佛大學(xué)的教授，選項(xiàng)A可排除。他確實(shí)是GlobalCapitalism:ItsFailandRiseinthe20thCentury這一書的作者，選項(xiàng)C可排除。他是支持全球化的，他反復(fù)思考了今天的全球化像19世紀(jì)全球化那樣不景氣的可能性，所以他認(rèn)為今天的全球化也可能會面臨崩潰，選項(xiàng)D可排除。所以選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“Itcanbehighlyinstructivetolookbackatwhatsomehistorianscall“thefirstglobalization.”，可知，讓人們回顧第一次全球化是很有意義的。根據(jù)文章第五段，“Thishistoryhasenormoussignificanceforunderstandingtoday'spredicament.”，可知這些歷史對于度過今天的困境也有很大的意義。所以回顧第一個全球化有助于我們理解今天的全球化形式并且獲得一些有益的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段，“Thefirstlessonisthattheeconomiccrisisof1929—notpolitics—broughtdownthefirstglobalization,suggestingthataneconomiccrisis,andnotpolitics,willbringdowntoday’sglobalization.”，可知第一次全球化表明是經(jīng)濟(jì)而不是政治擊敗今天的全球化。根據(jù)文章最后一段第一句，“Afterthefirstglobalizationcrashedbecauseofinherentfinancialfragility,theensuingNewDealeracreatedasystemthatremediedthatfragility.”，可知全球化崩潰的原因是金融的脆弱性。綜上可推斷出經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)或內(nèi)在的金融脆弱性可能會導(dǎo)致全球化的崩潰。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.推斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第二句，“TheNewDealeraalsocreatedasocialdemocratic,mass-consumptioneconomyinwhichincomewasmorebroadlysharedbecauseofunionization,minimumwagesandsocialsecurityprovisions.”可知新政時期創(chuàng)造了一個社會民主的大眾消費(fèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)，因?yàn)楣珪⒆畹凸べY和社會保障，使得收入分配平均一些?？赏茢喑龉?、最低工資和社會保障規(guī)定可以在一定程度上緩解財(cái)富和收入不平等。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

6.單選題

Hewantstostarthisownbusiness,but_______handlingpayroll,governmentcompliance,andbenefitschores.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.loathe

B.remark

C.uphold

D.systematize

【答案】A

【解析】loathe討厭，厭惡;remark評論,談及;uphold支持,贊成;systematize系統(tǒng)化。句意：他想自己創(chuàng)業(yè)，但又討厭處理工資、應(yīng)對政府法規(guī)和處理收益上的瑣事。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

7.單選題

China'spopulationisunevenlydistributed,withthecoastalareasintheeastthemost（

）populated.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.densely

B.vastly

C.enormously

D.largely

【答案】A

【解析】句意:中國的人口分布不均，東部沿海地區(qū)人口最密集。

考查副詞辨析。Densely濃密地,稠密地,密集地;vastly極大地,廣大地;enormously非常,極其;largely在很大程度上,多半,主要地?？崭裉幮稳萑丝诿芗?故A符合句意。

8.單選題

（

）lightinghasmadeanimportantcontributiontotheculturaldevelopmentofhumanity.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.synthetic

B.false

C.imitation

D.artificial

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。synthetic意為“人造的；合成的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)通過化學(xué)作用或化學(xué)處理把幾種物質(zhì)復(fù)制成與原材料截然不同的新產(chǎn)品；false意為“虛偽的”；imitation意為“仿制品，贗品，模仿”；artificial意為“人工的，人造的”，指模仿天然材料由人工制造的東西。

句意：人工照明為人類文化發(fā)展做出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。

9.單選題

Weshouldalwayskeepinmindthat（）decisionsoftenleadtobitterregrets.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.urgent

B.instant

C.prompt

D.hasty

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)urgent“緊急的；急迫的”；B選項(xiàng)instant“立即的；緊急的；緊迫的”；C選項(xiàng)prompt“敏捷的；立刻的；準(zhǔn)時的”；D選項(xiàng)hasty“輕率的；匆忙的；懈怠的”。句意：我們應(yīng)該永遠(yuǎn)記住，……決定往往導(dǎo)致痛苦的后悔。讓自己后悔的應(yīng)為“輕率的決定”，D選項(xiàng)符合句意。

10.單選題

Whenmakingmoderncameras,peoplebeganto（）plasticsformetal.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.surround

B.substance

C.stretch

D.substitute

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。surround“環(huán)繞，包圍”；substance“物質(zhì)”；stretch“伸展，拉緊”；substitute“替換，代替”。句意：做現(xiàn)代攝像頭時，人們開始用塑料替換金屬。D項(xiàng)符合題意。

11.單選題

Avisitortoamuseumtodaywouldnotice（

）changesinthewaymuseumsareoperated.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.cognitive

B.rigorous

C.conspicuous

D.exclusive

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。cognitive“認(rèn)知的”；rigorous“嚴(yán)格的，嚴(yán)厲的”；conspicuous“顯著的”；exclusive“唯一的，獨(dú)有的”。句意：如果今天去博物館參觀，就會注意到博物館的經(jīng)營方式發(fā)生了顯著的變化。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

12.單選題

Johnson'sbusinesssurvivedona（

）relationshipwithonlyafewcustomers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tentative

B.salient

C.lucrative

D.insubstantial

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。tentative“試探性的；暫定的"；salient“顯著的；突出的”；lucrative“有利可圖的；有利的”；insubstantial“脆弱的；非真實(shí)的”。句意：約翰遜的生意靠與僅有的幾個顧客的有利可圖的關(guān)系維持著。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

13.單選題

Afterfouryearsinthesamejob,hisenthusiasmfinally（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.deteriorated

B.dispersed

C.dissipated

D.drained

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)deteriorate“惡化，變壞”；B選項(xiàng)disperse“分散；消散”；C選項(xiàng)dissipate“驅(qū)散；放蕩”；D選項(xiàng)drain“逐漸消失；流干”。句意：在做同樣的工作四年后，他的激情逐漸消失了。根據(jù)句意可知D選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Oneofthequalitiesthatmostpeopleadmireinothersisthewillingnesstoadmitone’smistakes.Itisextremelyhardtosometimestosayasimplethinglike“Iwaswrongaboutthat,”anditisevenhardertosay“Iwaswrong,andyouwererightaboutthat.”

Ihadanexperiencerecentlywithsomeoneadmittingtomethathehadmadeamistakefifteenyearsago.HetoldmehehadbeenthemanagerofacertaingrocerystoreintheneighborhoodwhereIgrewup,andheaskedmeifIrememberedtheeggcartons.ThenherelatedanincidentandIbegantoremembervaguelytheincidenthewasdescribing.

Iwasabouteightyearsoldatthetime,andIhadgoneintothestorewithmymothertodotheweeklygroceryshopping.Onthatparticularday,Imusthavefoundmywaytothedairyfooddepartmentwheretheincidenttookplace.

Theremusthavebeenaspecialsaleoneggsthatdaybecausetherewasanimpressivedisplayofeggsindozenandhalf-dozencartons.Thecartonswerestackedthreeorfourfeethigh.Imusthavestoppedinfrontofadisplaytoadmirethestacks.Justthenawomancamebypushinghergrocerycartandknockedoffthestacksofcartons.Forsomereasons,Idecideditwasuptometoputthedisplaybacktogether,soIwenttowork.

Themanagerheardthenoise,andcamerushingovertoseewhathadhappened.Whenheappeared,Iwasonmykneesinspectingsomeofthecartonstoseeifanyoftheeggswerebroken,buttohimitlookedasthoughIwastheculprit(罪人).Heseverelyreprimandedmeandwantedmetopayforanybrokeneggs.Iprotestedmyinnocenceandtriedtoexplain,butitdidnogood.EventhoughIquicklyforgotallabouttheincident,apparentlythemanagerdidnot.

41.Howoldwastheauthorwhenhewrotethisarticle?

42.Whowastoblameforknockingoffthestacksofcartons?

43.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?

44.Whichofthefollowingcanserveasthebesttitleofthepassage?

45.Thetoneofthearticleexpressestheauthor’s（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.About8yearsold

B.About18yearsold

C.About23yearsold

D.About15yearsold

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theauthor

B.Themanager

C.Awoman

D.Theauthor’smother

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thewomanwhoknockedoffthestacksofcartonswasseriouslycriticizedbythemanager.

B.Theauthorwasseverelycriticizedbythemanager.

C.Awomancarelesslyknockedoffthestacksofcartons.

D.Itwastheauthorwhoputthedisplaybacktogether.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.ItIsHardertoAdmitOne’sMistake

B.IWasOncetheCulprit

C.IRememberanIncident

D.ACaseofMistakenIdentity

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.angertothemanagerforhiswrongaccusation

B.admirationforthemanager’swillingnesstoadmitmistake

C.indignationagainstthewomanwhoknockedoffthestacksofcartons

D.regretforthemistakehemadeinthestore

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】41.推理判斷題。定位在第二段第一句Ihadanexperiencerecentlywithsomeoneadmittingtomethathehadmadeamistakefifteenyearsago.（我最近有一次經(jīng)歷，一個人向我承認(rèn)他在15年前犯了一個錯誤。）由本句開始作者開始談及15年前發(fā)生的一件事情。隨即我們看到第二段Iwasabouteightyearsoldatthetime.（我那時差不多8歲）作者的那段回憶發(fā)生在他8歲的時候，離現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)過了15年，由此可以推斷出作者現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該在23歲左右。故選C，同理可排除ABD選項(xiàng)。

42.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。定位在第四段Justthenawomancamebypushinghergrocerycartandknockedoffthestacksofcartons.（就在這時，一個順道經(jīng)過的女人，她的購物車撞倒了一堆紙箱）由此可知，紙箱盒是這個女人推倒的。A選項(xiàng)“作者”，B選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)理”，C選項(xiàng)“女人”，D選項(xiàng)“作者的媽媽”，故選C。

43.推理判斷題。定位在第五段Heseverelyreprimandedmeandwantedmetopayforanybrokeneggs.（他嚴(yán)厲地批評了我并且想讓我賠付每一個碎了的雞蛋。）因?yàn)樽髡卟攀悄莻€被嚴(yán)厲批評的人。所以A選項(xiàng)“那個打翻一疊紙箱的女人受到經(jīng)理的嚴(yán)厲批評”錯誤。B選項(xiàng)“作者受到了經(jīng)理的嚴(yán)厲批評”正確。C選項(xiàng)“一個女人不小心把一疊紙箱撞倒了”正確。原文中Justthenawomancamebypushinghergrocerycartandknockedoffthestacksofcartons.（就在這時，一個順道經(jīng)過的女人，她的購物車撞倒了一堆紙箱。）D選項(xiàng)“作者把它們擺放在了展柜上”根據(jù)原文Forsomereasons,Idecideditwasuptometoputthedisplaybacktogether,soIwenttowork.（出于某些原因，我決定由我將它們再擺放好，于是我開始了工作。）BCD選項(xiàng)全部正確，故選A。

44.主旨大意題。文章第一句Oneofthequalitiesthatmostpeopleadmireinothersisthewillingnesstoadmitone’smistakes.（令大多數(shù)人欽佩另一個人的一個品質(zhì)就是愿意承認(rèn)自己的錯誤。）本文開始講到了能夠積極地承認(rèn)錯誤是令人值得欽佩的品質(zhì)。接下來就主要講述了作者15年前因?yàn)橐粓稣`會而被批評的故事。A選項(xiàng)“很難承認(rèn)自己的錯誤”，只是一小部分的陳述，不夠全面。B選項(xiàng)“我曾是罪魁禍?zhǔn)住?，以偏概全。C選項(xiàng)“我記得那次的小插曲”定位在最后一句EventhoughIquicklyforgotallabouttheincident,apparentlythemanagerdidnot.（盡管我很快就把這件事忘得一干二凈，但經(jīng)理顯然沒有。）所以C不正確。D選項(xiàng)“一個被誤解的事例”，是對全文的一個總的概括，由這個事例具體展開，闡述愿意承認(rèn)錯誤的優(yōu)良品質(zhì)。故選D。

45.推理判斷題。文章的第一段第一句，作者就有指出Oneofthequalitiesthatmostpeopleadmireinothersisthewillingnesstoadmitone’smistakes.（令大多數(shù)人欽佩另一個人的一個品質(zhì)就是愿意承認(rèn)錯誤。）EventhoughIquicklyforgotallabouttheincident,apparentlythemanagerdidnot.（盡管我很快就把這件事忘得一干二凈，但經(jīng)理顯然沒有。）隔了15年，那位經(jīng)理再見到作者的時候還愿意承認(rèn)自己過去的錯誤，由此也能夠了解到作者對他的這種行為是欽佩的，B選項(xiàng)“贊賞經(jīng)理愿意承認(rèn)犯過的錯誤”正確。A選項(xiàng)“對經(jīng)理的錯誤指責(zé)感到憤怒”，C選項(xiàng)“對撞倒一堆紙箱的女人表示憤慨”，AC選項(xiàng)在文中并未體現(xiàn)，屬于主觀猜測。D選項(xiàng)“為他在店里犯下的錯誤而后悔”，由第一題可知，是經(jīng)理主動承認(rèn)錯誤，作者并沒有錯。故選B。

15.填空題

ThecommissionhasruledthatthedonationsbyBearwoodCorporateServiceswere“l(fā)egaland_______”aftera14-monthinvestigation.(permit)

【答案】permissible

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞。

【解題思路】根據(jù)橫線前的and，可知legal和橫線處表示并列，所以橫線處應(yīng)為形容詞，并且意思和legal對應(yīng)，permissible意思為“（法律或規(guī)則）容許的，許可的”，符合語境。

【句意】經(jīng)過14個月的調(diào)查后，委員會裁定認(rèn)可貝爾斯登公司服務(wù)公司捐贈的合法性。

16.單選題

Massmediaasacarrierandavenueofmessage（

）hasmoreandmoreimportantfunctionandforceinmodemsociety.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.prognosis

B.promulgate

C.proclamation

D.prolongation

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞和動詞詞義辨析。prognosis預(yù)知；promulgate傳播；proclamation宣布；prolongation延伸。句意：大眾媒體作為信息發(fā)布的載體與渠道，在現(xiàn)代社會中發(fā)揮著越來越重要的作用。根據(jù)句意可知，C項(xiàng)符合題意。

17.單選題

Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Ittendstodwellupontheirjoyousexperiences.

B.Ithastroubleconcentratingafterabraininjury.

C.Itwandersforalmosthalfoftheirwakingtime.

D.Ittendstobeaffectedbytheirnegativefeelings.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Tostudytherelationbetweenhealthanddaydreaming.

B.Toseewhydaydreamingimpactswhatoneisdoing.

C.Toobservehowone’smindaffectsone’sbehavior.

D.Tofindhowhappinessrelatestodaydreaming.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itcontributestotheircreativity.

B.Itcontributestoclearthinking.

C.Ithelpsthemtaptheirpotentials.

D.Ithelpsthemmakegooddecisions.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Daydreamersdidbetterthannon-daydreamersintaskperformance.

B.Non-daydreamersweremorefocusedontheirtasksthandaydreamers.

C.Thedifferenceinperformancebetweenthetwogroupswasinsignificant.

D.Subjectswithcleargoalsinmindoutperformedthosewithoutcleargoals.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

【解析】PassageTwo

In2014,onein16Americansvisitedthehospitalemergencyroomforhomeinjuries.Oneofthemaincausesoftheseaccidents?Awanderingmind![12]Byoneestimate,peopledaydreamthroughnearlyhalfoftheirwakinghours.

Psychologistshaverecentlyfocusedonthetendencytothinkaboutsomethingotherthanthetaskoneisdoing.[13]Foroneexperiment,researchersdevelopedanapptoanalyzetherelationshipbetweendaydreamingandhappiness.Theyfoundthattheaverageperson’smindwanderedmostfrequently(about65%ofthetime)duringpersonalactivities,suchasbrushingtheirteethandcombingtheirhair.Respondents’mindstendedtowandermorewhentheyfeltupsetratherthanhappy.Theyweremorelikelytowandertowardpleasanttopicsthanunpleasantones.

Howdodaydreamsaffectdaydreamers?Awanderingmindleavesusvulnerablewhendriving.Inonestudy,researchersinterview955peopleinvolvedintrafficaccidents.Themajorityofthemreportedhavingdaydreamjustbeforetheaccident.Yetotherresearchsuggeststhatdaydreaminghasbenefits.Researchershavefoundthatitgivesusachancetothinkaboutourgoalsand[14]italsoseemstoincreasecreativity.Inoneexperiment,145undergraduatescompletedfour“unusualuses”tasks,eachrequiringthemtolistasmanyusesaspossibleforeverydayobject.Afterthefirstpairoftaskswascompleted,onegroupofparticipantswasassignedanundemandingactivityintendedtocausetheirmindstowander.Whenalltheparticipantsproceededtothesecondpairoftasks,[15]thedaydreamersperformed40percentbetterthantheothers.

12.Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutpeople’smind?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問的是這篇文章提到的關(guān)于人的思想的信息。錄音開頭提到：據(jù)估計(jì)，人們幾乎一半的清醒時間都在幻想（peopledaydreamthroughnearlyhalfoftheirwakinghours），C選項(xiàng)“醒著的時候，幾乎有一半的時間都在走神”與之表述一致，因此正確。干擾項(xiàng)是A選項(xiàng)“傾向于沉湎于他們快樂的經(jīng)歷”，錄音中提到的是他們更傾向于談?wù)撚淇斓脑掝}（pleasanttopics），因此A選項(xiàng)不正確；B選項(xiàng)“大腦受傷后很難集中注意力”和D選項(xiàng)“容易受到負(fù)面情緒的影響”在錄音中均未提及。

13.Forwhatpurposedidtheresearchersdevelopthenewapp?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問研究人員開發(fā)這款新軟件的目的是什么？錄音提到，在一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)中，研究人員開發(fā)了一款應(yīng)用程序來分析幻想和幸福之間的關(guān)系（analyzetherelationshipbetweendaydreamingandhappiness），D選項(xiàng)“找出幸福是如何與幻想關(guān)聯(lián)的”是此信息的同義表述，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“健康與幻想的關(guān)系”；B選項(xiàng)“看看為什么幻想會影響一個人的行為”；C選項(xiàng)“觀察一個人的思想如何影響他的行為”均不正確。

14.Howdoesdaydreamingbenefitpeopleaccordingtosomeresearchers?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問根據(jù)一些研究者的說法，幻想是怎樣使人受益的？錄音中也提到了幻想的好處：研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，它給了我們思考目標(biāo)的機(jī)會，而且似乎還能提高創(chuàng)造力（increasecreativity），A選項(xiàng)中的contributesto是錄音中increase的同義替換，因此A選項(xiàng)正確；B選項(xiàng)“有助于清晰思考”；C選項(xiàng)“幫助他們挖掘潛力”；D選項(xiàng)“有助于他們做出正確的決定”均不正確。

15.Whatwasthefindingoftheexperimentwith145undergraduates?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問那個有145名本科生參加的實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么？錄音最后提到，當(dāng)所有參與者進(jìn)行第二組任務(wù)時，“幻想者”的表現(xiàn)比其他人好40%（thedaydreamersperformed40percentbetterthantheothers），由此可知，A選項(xiàng)“幻想者在做任務(wù)時的表現(xiàn)優(yōu)于非幻想者”與之表述一致，因此正確。由上也可排除B選項(xiàng)“非幻想者比幻想者更專注于自己的任務(wù)”和C選項(xiàng)“兩組之間的表現(xiàn)差異不明顯”；而D選項(xiàng)“有