考研考博-英語(yǔ)-合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

OurhospitalhasanaffiliationwiththemedicalschooloftheCityUniversity.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.organization

B.administration

C.connection

D.cooperation

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)organizationn.組織，團(tuán)體，機(jī)構(gòu)；B選項(xiàng)administrationn.管理，行政機(jī)構(gòu)；C選項(xiàng)connectionn.連接，關(guān)系，人脈；D選項(xiàng)cooperationn.合作，協(xié)作。句意：我們醫(yī)院和城市大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院有良好的合作關(guān)系。因此，D項(xiàng)為正確答案。

2.單選題

WithanewCongressdrawingnear,DemocratsandRepublicansarebusilydesigningcompetingeconomicstimuluspackages.TheRepublicansaresuretooffertaxcuts,theDemocrats-amongotherthings—financialreliefforthestates.Thereisonemeasure,however,thatwouldprovidenotonlyanimmediateboosttotheeconomybutalsoimmediaterelieftothosemostinneed:acarefullycraftedextensionofthefederalunemploymentinsuranceprogram.TheSenateapprovedsuchanextensionbeforeitadjournedinNovember.TheHouseofRepresentativesrefusedtogoalong.Itwasamongthegreatestfailuresofthe107thCongress.

Oneconsequenceisthatjoblessbenefitsforanestimated780,000Americanswillabruptlystop.Tomorrow,eventhoughmostrecipientshavenotyetexhaustedtheirbenefits.PresidentBushfailedtoshowanyleadershiponthismatterduringtheNovemberCongress.Later,hefinallyaskedCongresstoextendtheprogramfortheseworkersandtomakethebenefitseffectivefromDec.28.

That’snotenough.Thewayunemploymentinsurancetypicallyworksisthatstatesprovidelaid-offworkerswith26weeksofbenefits,followedby13weeksoffederalaid.UnderMr.Bush’sscheme,federalbenefitswouldbeextendedonlyforthosewhowerealreadyreceivingthemonDec.28.Theextensionwouldnotcoverthejoblessworkerswhowillexhausttheirregularstate-fundedbenefitsafterDec.28—anestimated95,000everyweek—butwillreceivenofederalhelpunlesstheprogramisre-authorized.BytheendofMarch,1.2millionworkerscouldfallintothiscategory.

TheSenatesawthisproblemcoming,andundertheleadershipofHillaryRodhamClintonforNewYorkandDonNicklesofOklahoma,passedabillthatwouldnotonlyhavecoveredpeoplealreadyenrolledinthefederalprogrambutprovided13weeksofassistanceforthoselosingtheirstatebenefitsinthenewyear.TheHouse,forlargelytrivialreasons,refusedtogoalong.

BillFrist,thenewSenatemajorityleader,saysheislookingforwaystoputakinder,gentlerfaceontheRepublicanParty.PassingtheClinton-Nicklesbillwouldbeagoodwaytobegin.TheHouseshouldthenfollowsuit.OneoftheHouse’scomplaintslastyearwasthat,at$5billion,theClinton-Nicklesbillwastooexpensive.That’sridiculous,consideringthecostsofthetaxcutsthatHouseRepublicanshaveinmind.

Theunemploymentratelastmonthstoodat6percent,thehighestsincemid-1994.Thecountrycouldusea$5billionshotinthearmrightaboutnow.Socouldalotofincreasinglydesperatepeople.

6.Accordingtotheauthor,theproposedextensionis（）.

7.Whatdoestheauthorrefertoasoneofthegreatestfailuresofthe107thCongress?

8.WhomaybenefitfromtheClinton-Nicklesbill?

9.WhydidtheauthorsaytheHouse'scomplaintwasridiculous?

10.HowdoestheauthorfeelaboutthePresident’srequestfortheextensionanditscoverage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.whatthecomingCongressshouldreconsider

B.excludedfromtheeconomicstimuluspackages

C.areliefprogramcarefullydesignedbytheHouse

D.putforwardbybothRepublicansandDemocrats

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.TheHouseofRepresentativesdidnotagreeswiththeSenate.

B.Theunemploymentinsuranceextensionwasnotapproved.

C.Aboosttotheeconomywasnotprovided.

D.Relieftothoseinneedwasnotoffered.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Onlythoseenrolledinthefederalprogram.

B.Theestimated95,000unemployedworkers.

C.Justthoseexhaustingtheirstate-fundedbenefits.

D.Laid-offworkers,withorwithoutfederalbenefits.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thereasonsitoffersarelargelyinsignificant.

B.TheClinton-Nicklesbillwastooexpensive.

C.Itstaxcutsproposalisevenmorecostly.

D.Theestimatedcostforthebillisjust$5billion.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Shortofvision

B.Lateandincomplete

C.Lackinginconsistency

D.Exhaustivebutineffective

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】6.判斷推理題。文章在第一段后半部分提到了提議的延長(zhǎng)項(xiàng)目(theproposedextension)。首先，作者對(duì)這一項(xiàng)目持的是肯定態(tài)度，thatwouldprovidenotonlyanimmediateboosttotheeconomybutalsoimmediaterelieftothosemostinneed（有一項(xiàng)措施不僅能立即提振經(jīng)濟(jì)，還能立即救濟(jì)那些最需要幫助的人）說(shuō)明了這一項(xiàng)目的好處，指出這一項(xiàng)目是解決兩大問(wèn)題的措施；然后，作者批評(píng)了第107屆國(guó)會(huì)Itwasamongthegreatestfailuresofthe107thCongress（這是第107屆國(guó)會(huì)最大的失敗之一）。由此可以推知作者的言下之意，就是下一屆國(guó)會(huì)應(yīng)當(dāng)重新考慮并采納這一項(xiàng)目，因此A選項(xiàng)“即將到來(lái)的國(guó)會(huì)應(yīng)該重新考慮”正確。B選項(xiàng)“被排除在經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激計(jì)劃之外”；C選項(xiàng)“由眾議院精心設(shè)計(jì)的救濟(jì)計(jì)劃”以及D選項(xiàng)“由共和黨和民主黨共同提出”，都是不正確的。

7.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。本題實(shí)際上考查的是對(duì)第一段最后一句中的主語(yǔ)it所指的理解。該段在提出提議的延長(zhǎng)項(xiàng)目(theproposedextension)后指出:TheSenateapprovedsuchanextensionbefore...refusedtogoalong.（參議院在11月份休會(huì)之前批準(zhǔn)了這樣一個(gè)項(xiàng)目?？杀娮h院卻不予支持）。由此可以看出，其后一句中的it指代的就是這種參議院批準(zhǔn)而眾議院否決該項(xiàng)目的情況，因此B選項(xiàng)“失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)延期未獲批準(zhǔn)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“眾議院不同意參議院的意見”；C選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)濟(jì)沒有得到提振”以及D選項(xiàng)“沒有向有需要的人提供救濟(jì)”都與原文不符，也無(wú)法由原文合理推知。

8.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到細(xì)節(jié)題第四段第一句abillthatwouldnotonlyhavecoveredpeoplealreadyenrolledinthefederalprogrambutprovided13weeksofassistanceforthoselosingtheirstatebenefitsinthenewyear.（該法案將不僅涉及聯(lián)邦項(xiàng)目中登記的人，還包括提供13周的援助給在新的一年里那些失去國(guó)家福利的人。）可知，該法案不但覆蓋了那些已經(jīng)在聯(lián)邦項(xiàng)目中登記了的人，也為那些在新的一年中將失去州救濟(jì)金的人提供13周的援助。再來(lái)對(duì)照選項(xiàng)，D選項(xiàng)“失業(yè)工人，有或沒有聯(lián)邦福利”覆蓋最完整，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“只有那些參加了聯(lián)邦計(jì)劃的人”；B選項(xiàng)“估計(jì)有95000名失業(yè)的工人”以及C選項(xiàng)“只有那些耗盡了國(guó)家資助的福利的人”均不完整。

9.判斷推理題。文章第五段后半部分TheHouseshouldthenfollowsuit.OneoftheHouse’scomplaints...wastooexpensive.That’sridiculous,consideringthecostsofthetaxcutsthatHouseRepublicanshaveinmind.（眾議院也應(yīng)該這樣做。眾議院去年抱怨的一個(gè)問(wèn)題是，克林頓-尼克爾斯法案耗資50億美元，太昂貴了?？紤]到眾議院共和黨人所考慮的減稅成本，這是荒謬的。）這一段提到了眾議院對(duì)Clinton-Nickles法案的抱怨，認(rèn)為這一法案耗資太大。作者也表明了自己的看法認(rèn)為它很荒唐，然后說(shuō)明了原因。其言下之意很明顯：眾議院共和黨提出的減稅計(jì)劃耗資比Clinton-Nickles法案更大，故他們認(rèn)為后者耗資大才顯得荒唐可笑。因此C選項(xiàng)“它的減稅提議代價(jià)更大”正確。A選項(xiàng)“它提供的理由在很大程度上是無(wú)關(guān)緊要的”；B選項(xiàng)“克林頓?尼克爾斯的法案太昂貴了”以及D選項(xiàng)“這項(xiàng)法案的成本估計(jì)只有50億美元”都與原文不符，也無(wú)法由原文推知。

10.判斷推理題。文章第二段最后一句Later,hefinallyaskedCongresstoextendtheprogramfortheseworkersandtomakethebenefitseffectivefromDec.28.（后來(lái)，他終于要求國(guó)會(huì)為這些工人延長(zhǎng)該計(jì)劃，并使福利從12月28日起生效。）中提到布什總統(tǒng)最后終于要求國(guó)會(huì)延長(zhǎng)該項(xiàng)目，并于12月28日開始發(fā)放救濟(jì)金。因前面已說(shuō)過(guò)對(duì)許多失業(yè)工人的救濟(jì)將在明天突然中止(abruptlystoptomorrow)，故據(jù)此即可推知布什總統(tǒng)的要求已經(jīng)太遲了。接著，在第三段第一句作者表明了自己的態(tài)度That'snotenough.(那還不夠)，并詳細(xì)說(shuō)明了布什總統(tǒng)的計(jì)劃的缺陷。由此又可推知，作者認(rèn)為總統(tǒng)的計(jì)劃不完善。因此C選項(xiàng)“缺乏穩(wěn)定性”正確。A選項(xiàng)“缺乏遠(yuǎn)見”；B選項(xiàng)“遲到和不完整的”以及D選項(xiàng)“詳盡的但無(wú)效”三項(xiàng)都無(wú)法由原文推知。

3.單選題

England’steam,whoarenowsuperblyfit,willbedoingtheirbestnextweekto______themselvesforlastyear’sdefeat.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.revive

B.retort

C.revenge

D.remedy

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)revive“復(fù)興；復(fù)活；蘇醒；恢復(fù)精神”；B選項(xiàng)retort“反駁，回嘴；蒸餾；在曲頸瓶里加熱；（對(duì)侮辱或傷害）進(jìn)行報(bào)復(fù)”；C選項(xiàng)revenge“報(bào)復(fù)；替……報(bào)仇；雪恥”；D選項(xiàng)remedy“補(bǔ)救，糾正，改進(jìn)；治療”。句意：英格蘭隊(duì)現(xiàn)在狀態(tài)極佳，下周將竭盡全力為去年的失敗復(fù)仇。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

JapanremainstiedtotheWesterncamppartlybecausetherelationshiphasbecome（

）tohereconomyandpoliticsoverfortyyears’association.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.integral

B.unilateral

C.rational

D.hierarchical

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意:日本依然和西方保持著關(guān)系，因?yàn)檫@層關(guān)系是他40年社交出來(lái)經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治的不可分割的一部分。

integral構(gòu)成整體所必需的，完整的。unilateral單邊的；［植］單側(cè)的；單方面的。rational合理的；理性的。hierarchical分層的；等級(jí)體系的。

5.單選題

Theprofessorcouldhardlyfindsufficientgrounds（

）hisargumentsinfavorofthenewtheory.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tobebasedon

B.tobaseon

C.whichtobaseon

D.onwhichtobase

【答案】D

【解析】語(yǔ)法（定語(yǔ)從句）題。分析題目可知，空白處填入的詞語(yǔ)是引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞grounds,所以排除A選項(xiàng)和B選項(xiàng)。因?yàn)檫B接詞which在從句中作介詞賓語(yǔ)，所以前面需要一個(gè)介詞，D選項(xiàng)正確。

6.翻譯題

Onaverage,kidsfarebetterintwo-parentfamilies.Butasizablepercentageofchildreninsingle-parentfamiliesthrive,andmanyintwo-parentfamiliesdonot.Whatmattersmost—regardlessoffamilystructure—iswhathappenswithinthefamily.

Particularlyimportantisthefamily’sabilitytosupportandnurture,minimizeconflict,practicedemocraticdecisionmaking,setandenforceboundaries,provideconsistentandpositiveformsofdisciplineandmodel,andencouragevaluesofcaringandresponsibility.

Familiesshouldalsoprovideaccesstostructuredactivities(e.g.,clubs,organizations,lessons)andastimulatingenvironmentforlearning(includingparentalinvolvementinschooling).

Whileitissomewhateasiertodelivertheseintwo-parentfamilies,somesingle-parentfamiliesdosucceedbydrawingoninformalandformalsupportsystemsfromneighborhoods,schools,andchurches.Ourchallengeistodiscoverwaystomaximizethenumberofstrongtwo-parentfamiliesandsupportallfamilyeffortstoraisehealthychildren,includingeffortsbysingle-parentfamilies.

【答案】參考譯文：

一般來(lái)說(shuō)，在雙親家庭長(zhǎng)大的孩子成長(zhǎng)得更好。但是也有相當(dāng)大的一部分單親家庭的孩子得到健康成長(zhǎng)，而許多雙親家庭的孩子卻沒有。不管家庭結(jié)構(gòu)如何，最重要的是家庭內(nèi)部所發(fā)生的事情。

家庭的這些能力是極為重要的：撫養(yǎng)、避免沖突、踐行家庭民主抉擇、制定和實(shí)施家法、樹立典范以及鼓勵(lì)富有愛心和責(zé)任心。

每個(gè)家庭還應(yīng)該組織結(jié)構(gòu)性活動(dòng)（如參加俱樂(lè)部、社團(tuán)以及輔導(dǎo)班）并且營(yíng)造良好的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境（包括父母參與學(xué)校教育）。

雙親家庭做到這些顯得更加容易，但是單親家庭卻得靠鄰居、學(xué)校和教堂的正式和非正式的幫助。我們現(xiàn)在面臨的挑戰(zhàn)是如何盡量增加幸福家庭的數(shù)量，幫助所有單親和雙親家庭的孩子健康成長(zhǎng)。

7.單選題

JapaneseleadersaboardtheU.S.battleshipMissouriandsignedthe（

）surrender,whichendedWorldWarTwoin1945.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.conditional

B.infinite

C.everlasting

D.unconditional

【答案】D

【解析】考察形容詞詞義辨析。Conditional“有條件的”；infinite“無(wú)限的，無(wú)窮的”；everlasting“永久的，永恒的”；unconditional“無(wú)條件的”。句意：1945年，日本領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人在美國(guó)密蘇里戰(zhàn)艦上簽署了無(wú)條件投降協(xié)議。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

8.翻譯題

Bacteria（細(xì)菌）,likepeople,canbedividedintofriendandfoe.81.Inspiredbyevidencethatthefriendlysortmayhelpwitharangeofailments（疾?。?manypeopleconsumebacteriaintheformofyogurtsanddietarysupplements.Suchasmatteringofartificialadditions,however,representsbutadropintheocean.Thereareatleast800typesofbacterialivinginthehumangut.AndresearchbyStevenGilloftheInstituteforGenomicResearchinRockville,Maryland,andhiscolleagues,publishedinthisweek’sScience,suggeststhatthecollectivegenomeoftheseorganismsissolargethatitcontains100timesasmanygenesasthehumangenomeitself.

DrGillandhisteamwereabletocometothisconclusionbyextractingbacterialDNAfromthefaeces（糞便）oftwovolunteers.82.Becauseofthecomplexityofthesamples,theywerenotabletoreconstructtheentiregenomes（基因組）ofeachofthegutbacteria,justtheindividualgenes.Butthatallowedthemtomakeanestimateofnumbers.

Whatallthesebacteriaaredoingistrickytoidentify—thebacteriathemselvesaredifficulttocultivate.83.Sotheresearchersguessedatwhattheymightbeuptobycomparingthegenestheydiscoveredwithpublisheddatabasesofgeneswhosefunctionsarealreadyknown.

84.ThiscomparisonhelpedDrGillidentifyforthefirsttimetheprobable

enzymatic（酶（性）的）processesbywhichbacteriahelphumanstodigestthecomplex

carbohydratesinplants.Thebacteriaalsocontainaplentifulsupplyofgenesinvolvedinthesynthesisofchemicalsessentialtohumanlife—includingtwoBvitaminsandcertainessentialaminoacids—althoughtheteammerelyshowedthatthesemetabolicpathwaysexistratherthanprovingthattheyareused.Nevertheless,thepathwaystheyfoundleavehumanslookingmorelikeruminants:animalssuchasgoatsandsheepthatusebacteriatobreakdownotherwiseindigestiblematterintheplantstheyeat.

ThebroaderconclusionDrGilldrawsisthatpeoplearesuperorganismswhosemetabolismrepresentsanamalgamationofhumanandmicrobialattributes.Thenotionof

asuperorganismhasemergedbefore,asresearchersinotherfieldshavecometoviewhumansashavingadiverseinternalecosystem.85.This,suggestsome,willbecrucialtothesuccessofpersonalisedmedicine,asdifferentpeoplewillhavedifferentresponsestodrugs,dependingontheirmicrobialflora.（微生物群落）Accordingly,thenextstep,saysDrGill,istoseehowmicrobialpopulationsvarybetweenpeopleofdifferentages,backgroundsanddiets.

Anotherareaofresearchistheprocessbywhichthesehelpfulbacteriafirstcolonizethedigestivetract.Babiesacquiretheirgutfloraastheypassdownthebirthcanalandtakeagene-filledgulpoftheirmother’svaginalandfaecalflora.Itmightnotbethemostdeliciousoffirstmeals,butitcouldwellbeanimportantone.

ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.

【答案】81.有益菌可以幫助人們治療多種疾病，受此啟發(fā)，很多人通過(guò)使用酸乳食品和各種補(bǔ)品的辦法吸收細(xì)菌。然而，這種人為補(bǔ)充細(xì)菌的做法是極其膚淺的。

82.由于樣本的復(fù)雜性，吉爾博士及其研究組人員還不能構(gòu)建出腸道內(nèi)細(xì)菌的完整基因組，而只能構(gòu)建出單體基因。不過(guò)，這也可以使他們對(duì)整體數(shù)量作出估算。

83.因此，研究人員只能將發(fā)現(xiàn)的基因和那些功能已經(jīng)研究清楚的基因的公開數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)行比較，從而猜測(cè)可能得到的研究結(jié)果。

84.這種比較幫助吉爾博士第一次確定了可能存在的細(xì)菌借以幫助人體消化從植物體攝入的復(fù)雜碳水化合物的酶催化反應(yīng)的過(guò)程。

85.有人認(rèn)為，這一點(diǎn)對(duì)個(gè)性化藥物的成功開發(fā)是至關(guān)重要的，因?yàn)椴煌娜司哂胁煌奈⑸锶郝?，?duì)不同的藥物有不同的反應(yīng)。

9.單選題

Onedifficulty___thecomponentsofeconomicmovementsliesinthefactthatthosecomponentsarenotcompletelyindependentofoneanother.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ofisolation

B.inisolating

C.willisolate

D.toisolate

【答案】B

【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。Onedifficulty為主語(yǔ)，liesin謂語(yǔ)，thefact賓語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，___thecomponentsofeconomicmovements為定語(yǔ)修飾主語(yǔ)。本句已經(jīng)有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，則C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，C選項(xiàng)代入句子中會(huì)在一個(gè)句子內(nèi)出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)，導(dǎo)致句子結(jié)構(gòu)錯(cuò)誤；difficulty后常接“in+v-ing”作定語(yǔ)，in有時(shí)可省去，不用動(dòng)詞不定式，則排除A，D選項(xiàng)。句意：孤立經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)動(dòng)的各個(gè)組成部分的一個(gè)困難在于，這些組成部分并不是完全相互獨(dú)立的。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Markoftenattemptstoescape（）wheneverhebreakstrafficregulations.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.havingbeenfined

B.tobefined

C.tohavebeenfined

D.beingfined

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。首先，escape后面接動(dòng)名詞doing，由此可首先排除選項(xiàng)C和選項(xiàng)B；再根據(jù)句意“每當(dāng)馬克違反交通規(guī)則時(shí)，他總是試圖逃避罰款?！边@里表示的是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，并不涉及完成時(shí)，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

11.單選題

Inrecentyears,wehaveallwatchedtheincreasingcommercializationofthecampus.Thenumerousadvertisingpostersandthegoldenarchesoffastfoodoutletsmaybeanaffronttoouraestheticsensibilities,buttheyare,arguably,noworsethanugly.Someoftheothernewfeaturesofcommercializedcampuslifedo,however,constituteaseriousthreattothingswerightlyrevere.“Privatization”andthe“businessmodel”arethepotentialmenace.

Whatdothesenotionsmean?Tome,theyinvolveanincreaseddependenceonindustryandphilanthropyforoperatingtheuniversity;anincreasedamountofourresourcesbeingdirectedtoappliedorso-calledpracticalsubjects,bothinteachingandinresearch;aproprietarytreatmentofresearchresults,withthecommercialinterestinsecrecyoverridingthepublic’sinterestinfree,sharedknowledge;andanattempttoruntheuniversitymorelikeabusinessthattreatsindustryandstudentsasclientsandourselvesasserviceproviderswithsomethingtosell.Wepayincreasingattentiontotheimmediateneedsanddemandsofour“customers”and,astheoldsayinggoes,“thecustomerisalwaysright”.

Privatizationisparticularlyfrighteningfromthepointofviewofpublicwell-being.Aresearcheremployedbyauniversity-affiliatedhospitalinCanada,workingundercontractwithapharmaceuticalcompany,madepublicherfindingsthataparticulardrugwasharmful.Thisviolatedthetermsofhercontract,andsoshewasfired.Herdismissalcausedascandal,andshewassubsequentlyreinstated.Theuniversityandhospitalinquestionarenowworkingoutsomethingakintotenureforhospital-basedresearchersandguidelinesforcontracts,sothatmorepublicdisclosureofprivatelyfundedresearchwillbecomepossible.Thisisararevictoryandasmallstepintherightdirection,butthegeneraltrendistheotherway.Thankstoprofit-drivenprivatefunding,researchersarenotonlyforcedtokeepvaluableinformationsecret,theyareoftencontractuallyobligedtokeepdiscovereddangerstopublichealthunderwraps,too.Ofcourse,wemustnotbetoonaiveaboutthis.Governmentscanunwiselyinsistinsecrecy,too,asdidtheBritishMinistryofAgriculture,Fisheries,andFoodintheworktheyfundedinconnectionwiththebovinespongiformencephalopathyepidemic.Thispreventedothersfromreviewingtherelevantdataandpointingoutthatproblemsweremoreseriousthangovernmentwaslettingon.

1.Fromthefirstparagraphwecanlearnthatthecampuslifebecome（

）.

2.Theauthorbelievesthatweshouldpay

（

）.

3.Theresearchermentionedinthethirdparagraphwasfiredbecause

（

）.

4.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat

（

）.

5.Theauthorarguesfor（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.moreconvenient

B.ratherugly

C.somewhatharmful

D.nomoreaestheticthanbefore

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.moreattentiontotheimmediateneedsanddemandsofourcustomers

B.dueattentiontothepublicinterestinfree,sharedknowledge

C.littleattentiontoappliedsubjects

D.considerableattentiontothecommercialinterestinthesecrecyofresearchresults

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.sheworkedforapharmaceuticalcompany

B.shewasobligedtokeepherdiscoveriessecret

C.shefailedtokeepherresearchresultssecret

D.shecommittedherselftoacontractwithacompany

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thegeneralpublicistoonaivetoacceptthe“privatization”

B.itisageneraltrendthattherewillbemorepublicdisclosureofprivatelyfundedresearch

C.thenotionthat‘thecustomerisalwaysright”isoutofdate

D.thebovinespongiformencephalopathyepidemicinBritainwasmoreseriousthanwhatwasdisclosed

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.publicdisclosureofprivatelyfundedresearch

B.profit-drivenprivatefunding

C.thecooperationofuniversitiesandhospitals

D.theincreasingcommercializationofthecampus

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.文章第一段someoftheothernewfeaturesofcommercializedcampuslifedo,however,constituteaseriousthreattothingswerightlyrevere提到商業(yè)化正嚴(yán)重威脅學(xué)生的校園生活，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.文章第二段withthecommercialinterestinsecrecyoverridingthepublic’sinterestinfree,sharedknowledge;andanattempttoruntheuniversitymorelikeabusinessthattreatsindustryandstudentsasclientsandourselvesasserviceproviderswithsomethingtosell提到商業(yè)利益的保密性凌駕于大眾的知情權(quán)之上，他們?cè)噲D把大學(xué)變成一個(gè)商業(yè)場(chǎng)所，作者對(duì)這種做法是表示批判的，因此可以推斷出作者認(rèn)為應(yīng)該給予大眾知情權(quán)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.文章第三段提到這位研究者與公司是簽訂了保密協(xié)議的，但是她卻將公司生產(chǎn)有害藥品的事情公之于眾(madepublicherfindingsthataparticulardrugwasharmful)，因此她違反了當(dāng)初簽的協(xié)議，所以被解雇了。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.文章最后一段ofcourse,wemustnotbetoonaiveaboutthis.Governmentscanunwiselyinsistinsecrecy,too,asdidtheBritishMinistryofAgriculture,Fisheries,andFoodintheworktheyfundedinconnectionwiththebovinespongiformencephalopathyepidemic提到政府同樣會(huì)對(duì)安全信息保密，然后舉了這個(gè)bovinespongiformencephalopathy這個(gè)病，言下之意是政府報(bào)道出的內(nèi)容沒有實(shí)際的嚴(yán)重，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.作者在文章中是支持把信息公開的，對(duì)那些剝奪民眾知情權(quán)的做法是表示反對(duì)的，所以選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

12.單選題

UKandChinahassomethingsimilarintheircompulsoryeducationsystem.Firstly,bothinUKandChina,“mostchildrenreceivefreeeducationalfinancefrompublicfunds,butsmallportionsattendschoolswhollyindependentofpublicfinancialsupport.’’Secondly,bothofthetwocountrieshavelawstoensurecompulsoryeducation.Thirdly,thetwocountrieshavethesamecurriculums.Forexample,accordingtoZhuYongtaoandWangLili,foreignlanguagesaretaughtasanintegralpartofthecurriculum,reflectingtheimportanceofBritish’srelationshipwithEuropeandChina’srelationshipwithEnglishspeakingcountries.Fourthly,studentsinChinaandUKbothspend6yearsfinishingprimaryeducation.Fifthly,therearesomeimportantexamsforstudentsincompulsoryeducationsystemsinChinaandUK.InUK,therearetwomainexaminations.TheGeneralCertificateofSecondaryEducation(GCSE)isusuallytakenby16-year-oldchildren.TheGeneralCertificateofEducationatAdvancedLevel(GCEAlevel),isnormallytakenattheendofthesecondyearby19-year-oldstudents.InChina,exceptforanexamforthesixthgradegraduatesinprimaryschool,thereisahighschoolentranceexaminationforJunior3students.

TherearelotsofdifferencesbetweenChinaandUKincompulsoryeducation.Itcanbedividedintofiveparts.

Firstly,theaimofeducationintheUKandChinaisnotquitesimilarwitheachother.AccordingtoSuiMingcai,Britisheducationaimsto“developindividualabilitiestothefullandtoshapethoseabilitiesforthebenefitofsocietyasawhole”.AndinChina,“it’stoleteveryoneaccepteducation,haveknowledgeandskillstomakelife.”

Secondly,theyearofcompulsoryeducationisdifferentbetweenthetwocountries.InUK,theagetobeginschoolis5(4inNorthernIreland),andthecompulsoryeducationendsat16,whereasinChinathecompulsoryeducationstartsfrom6andendsat14,whichisanine-yearcompulsoryeducation.

Thirdly,thescheduleofcompulsoryeducationinthetwocountriesisdifferent.AccordingtoWikipediaandSuiMingcai,Britishcompulsoryeducationcanbedividedintotwostages:primaryschoolsandsecondaryschools.Thestateschoolingwasfreeandcompulsoryuptothelegalschool-leavingage.WhileinChina,compulsoryeducationconsistsofprimaryschoolsandmiddleschools.

TheschoolyearinUKisdividedintothreeterms(autumn,springandsummer),whiletwoparts(spring,autumn)inChina.Britishschooldayinmoststatesandindependentschools(exceptforinfantandjuniorschool)usuallystartsat8:45a.m.andendsat3:30p.m.InChina,everyschooldayismadeupoftwoperiodswhichare7:30a.m.to12:00a.m.,2:30p.m.to5:30p.m.Studentscangohomeforlunch.ItshowsthatChinesestudentsusuallyspendmoretimeatschool.

Inaddition,inBritain,aschool-agechildcanreceivecompulsoryeducationathomeoratatutor’splaceorsomeotherforms,whileinChina,compulsoryeducationmeansschooleducation.

1.Thispassageismainlyconcernedwith（）.

2.InwhatwaydoesUKeducateitspeople?

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.acomparisonstudyonfreeeducationsystembetweenChinaandUK

B.acomparisonstudyoncompulsoryeducationsystembetweenChinaandUK

C.acomparisonstudyonfinancialsystembetweenChinaandUK

D.acomparisonstudyonculturebetweenChinaandUK

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.UKintendstoeducateitspeopletheabilitiestoservethecountrywholly.

B.UKintendstoeducateitspeopletheindividualabilitiesfully.

C.UKintendstoeducateitspeopletheabilitiesonlyforthebenefitofthesociety.

D.UKintendstoeducateitspeopletheindividualabilitiesaswellastheabilitiesforthebenefitofthesociety.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.ChildreninNorthernIrelandstartthecompulsoryeducationatanearlierage.

B.StudentsinUKspend16yearsforthecompulsoryeducation.

C.ThelengthoftheyearsforthecompulsoryeducationinChinais14years.

D.ThelengthoftheyearsforthecompulsoryeducationbothinUKandChinaisthesame.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.TermsoftheschoolyearinUKdonotincludewinter.

B.StudentsinChinaandUKbothspend6yearsfinishingprimaryeducation.

C.StudentsinUKtaketwomainexaminationsnormallywhentheyare15and19yearsoldinthecompulsoryeducation.

D.StudentsinChinaspendmoretimeinschoolscomparedwithstudentsinUK.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

【解析】1.【試題解析】主旨大意題。本文主要講述了中國(guó)和英國(guó)教育的異同之處。因此B選項(xiàng)“關(guān)于中國(guó)和英國(guó)的義務(wù)教育體系的對(duì)比研究”符合題意。

2.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段中“AccordingtoSuiMingcai,Britisheducationaimsto‘developindividualabilitiestothefullandtoshapethoseabilitiesforthebenefitofsocietyasawhole’”，中文翻譯為：按照SuiMingcai的說(shuō)法，整體來(lái)看，英國(guó)教育的目標(biāo)是充分發(fā)展個(gè)人能力和塑造這些能力以造福社會(huì)?？梢缘弥狣選項(xiàng)“英國(guó)旨在培養(yǎng)人民的個(gè)人能力以及造福社會(huì)的能力”符合題意。

3.【試題解析】推理判斷題。由選項(xiàng)中關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章“InUK,theagetobeginschoolis5(4inNorthernIreland),andthecompulsoryeducationendsat16,whereasinChinathecompulsoryeducationstartsfrom6andendsat14,whichisanine-yearcompulsoryeducation.”，中文翻譯為：在英國(guó)，5歲開始上學(xué)（在北愛爾蘭是4歲），16歲義務(wù)教育結(jié)束；而在中國(guó)義務(wù)教育開始于6結(jié)束于14歲，實(shí)行的是九年制義務(wù)教育?？梢缘弥狝選項(xiàng)“北愛爾蘭的孩子在更早的年齡開始義務(wù)教育”符合題意。

4.【試題解析】推理判斷題。由A選項(xiàng)可以定位到文章中“TheschoolyearinUKisdividedintothreeterms(autumn,springandsummer),whiletwoparts(spring,autumn)inChina.”，中文翻譯為：英國(guó)的學(xué)年分為三期（秋、春、夏）；而中國(guó)是兩個(gè)學(xué)期（春和秋），可知A選項(xiàng)“英國(guó)的學(xué)年不包括冬天”正確；由B選項(xiàng)可以定位到文章中“Fourthly,studentsinChinaandUKbothspend6yearsfinishingprimaryeducation.”，中文翻譯為：第四，中國(guó)和英國(guó)的學(xué)生都要6年完成初等教育。可知B選項(xiàng)“中國(guó)和英國(guó)的學(xué)生都花6年時(shí)間完成基礎(chǔ)教育”正確；由C選項(xiàng)可以定位到文章中“InUK,therearetwomainexaminations.TheGeneralCertificateofSecondaryEducation(GCSE)isusuallytakenby16-year-oldchildren.TheGeneralCertificateofEducationatAdvancedLevel(GCEAlevel),isnormallytakenattheendofthesecondyearby19-year-oldstudents.”，中文翻譯為：英國(guó)有兩次重要的考試。普通中等教育證（GCSE）考試通常是16歲的孩子參加。普通高級(jí)教育證書（GCEA）考試通常是在第二年年底由19歲的學(xué)生參加?？芍狢選項(xiàng)“英國(guó)的學(xué)生在義務(wù)教育階段，一般是在15歲和19歲的時(shí)候參加兩次主要的考試”錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)原文“Inaddition,inBritain,aschool-agechildcanreceivecompulsoryeducationathomeoratatutor’splaceorsomeotherforms,whileinChina,compulsoryeducationmeansschooleducation.”，中文翻譯為：此外，在英國(guó)，學(xué)齡兒童可以在家里或?qū)熌抢锘蛞云渌问浇邮芰x務(wù)教育，而在中國(guó)，義務(wù)教育意味著學(xué)校教育?？梢缘弥狣選項(xiàng)“與英國(guó)學(xué)生相比，中國(guó)學(xué)生在學(xué)校的時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)”是正確的。故C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

13.單選題

Thesenaturalresourceswillbedepletedsoonerorlaterifthepresentrateofexploitationgoeson.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.minimized

B.deployed

C.inclined

D.mingled

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)minimized“使減到最少；小看，極度輕視；最小化”；B選項(xiàng)deployed“配置；展開；使疏開；部署”；C選項(xiàng)inclined“使……傾向”；D選項(xiàng)mingled“（使）相混，融合；摻和；（在社交場(chǎng)合）相交往，應(yīng)酬”。句意：如果按目前的開采速度繼續(xù)下去，這些自然資源遲早會(huì)枯竭。本句關(guān)鍵詞bedepleted表示“被耗盡”，beminimized可以做同義替換，表示被最小化，被減到最少；因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Theseproblemsare（）examplesintheefforttoavoidtheinevitableeffectsofshortsightedfiscalplanninginthefuture.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.representative

B.aberrant

C.insignificant

D.illuminating

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)representative“典型的”；B選項(xiàng)aberrant“異常的”；C選項(xiàng)insignificant“無(wú)關(guān)緊要的”；D選項(xiàng)illuminating“照亮的，啟蒙的”。句意：這些問(wèn)題是典型的例子，為了努力避免未來(lái)目光短淺的財(cái)政規(guī)劃所帶來(lái)不可避免的影響。選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

15.單選題

Mr.TunickfiledsuitagainsttheNewYorkpolicedepartmentaftercityofficials____hisrequest.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.turneddown

B.turnedin

C.turnedoff

D.turnedout

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.turneddown拒絕A.turnedin上床睡覺；上交，提交

C.turnedoff關(guān)閉；失去興趣；離開D.turnedout結(jié)果是

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析

【解題思路】原文空格處的主語(yǔ)為“紐約市官員”賓語(yǔ)為“他的請(qǐng)求”，并且在這件事發(fā)生之后，“Tunick對(duì)紐約市警察局提起了訴訟”，由此推斷，Tunick因?yàn)檎?qǐng)求被拒絕，所以對(duì)紐約市警察局提起了訴訟，A選項(xiàng)turneddown“拒絕”符合語(yǔ)義。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)turnedin“上床睡覺；上交，提交”，語(yǔ)義不符；

C選項(xiàng)turnedoff“關(guān)閉；失去興趣；離開（道路）”，語(yǔ)義不符；

D選項(xiàng)turnedout“結(jié)果是”，語(yǔ)義不符。

【句意】在紐約市官員拒絕他的請(qǐng)求后，Tunick對(duì)紐約市警察局提起了訴訟。

16.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpartintoEnglish.

西藏在中國(guó)的西南部。居住在這里的藏族先民，遠(yuǎn)在公元前就與生活在中原的漢族有聯(lián)系。到了唐朝(公元618-907年)，藏漢雙方通過(guò)王室間的聯(lián)姻、會(huì)盟，在政治上形成了團(tuán)結(jié)友好的親誼關(guān)系，在經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化上建立了密切的聯(lián)系，為最終建立統(tǒng)一的國(guó)家奠定了深厚的基礎(chǔ)。十三世紀(jì)中葉，西藏正式歸入中國(guó)元朝版圖。自此以后，盡管中國(guó)經(jīng)歷了幾代王朝的興替，但西藏一直處于中央政權(quán)的管轄之下。

【答案】TibetislocatedinSouthwestChina.ThepeoplewholivedtherestruckuplinkswiththeHanintheCentralPlainslongbeforetheChristianera.BytheTangDynasty(AD618-907),theTibetansandHanshas,throughmarriagesbetweenroyalfamiliesandotheralliances,cementedunityandpoliticalfriendshipandformedcloseeconomicandculturalrelations.Thiscreatedasolidfoundationfortheultimatefoundingofaunifiednation.Inthemid-13thcentury,TibetwasofficiallyincorporatedintotheterritoryofChina’sYuanDynasty.Sincethen,althoughChinaexperiencedseveraldynasticchanges,TibethasremainedunderthejurisdictionofthecentralgovernmentofChina.

17.單選題

Thetwodelegateshadanin-depthexchangeofviewsonhowtoenhancetheir（）co