考研考博-英語-大連楓葉職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-大連楓葉職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Ameteorburnsbrightly（）throughtheearth’satmosphere.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.asitdescends

B.asdescending

C.whetheritdescends

D.whendescends

【答案】A

【解析】考查時間狀語從句。句意：流星在穿過地球大氣層時閃閃發(fā)光。whether引導(dǎo)賓語從句，表示“是否”，排除C。D選項(xiàng)缺少主語，排除D。as后面接動詞ing形式表示現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時，時態(tài)不符，排除B。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Changingfromsolidtoliquid,watertakesinheatfromallsubstancesnearit,andthis（

）producesartificialcoldsurroundingit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.absorption

B.dissemination

C.assimilation

D.interaction

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。absorption“吸收”；dissemination“宣傳”；assimilation“同化”；interaction“相互作用”。句意：水從固體變成液體需要吸入周圍所有物質(zhì)的熱量，這一吸收過程產(chǎn)生的低溫。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.案例題

Althoughcreditcardsarebecomingamoreacceptablepartofthefinancialscene,theyarestillregardedwithsuspicionbymanyasbeingamajorpartofthe"livenowpaylater"syndrome（綜合癥）.Alongwithhire-purchase,rentalandleasingschemes,theyprovideencouragementtospendmoremoney.Ofcourse,itisonlythefoolhardywhosuccumb（屈服）tothetemptationtothetemptationtolive,temporarilyatleast,beyondtheirmeans,andsuchpeoplewouldnodoubtmanagetodosoevenwithoutcreditcards.

Advertisingcampaignshave,however,promotedagrowingrealizationoftheadvantagesofthesesmallpiecesofplastic.Theyobviatetheneedtocarrylargeamountsofcashandarealwaysusefulinemergencies.Allthecreditcardorganizationschargeinterestonamonthlybasiswhichmayworkoutashighas25percentayear,yetjudiciouspurchasingusingacardcanmeanthatyouobtainuptosevenweeksinterest-freecredit.Usingthecardabroad,whereitemsfrequentlytakealongtimetobeincludedonyouraccount,canextendthisperiodevenfurther.

Itisworthwhileshoppingaroundbeforedecidingonaparticularcreditcard.Itisnecessarytoconsidertheamountofcreditgranted;interestrates,whichmayvaryslightly;thenumberandrangeofoutlets,thoughmostcardscovermajorgarages,hotels,restaurantsanddepartmentstores,and,ofcourse,whathappensifyourcardislostorstolen.Acreditcardthiefmaybesittingonapotentialgoldmineparticularlyifthereisadelayinreportingthelossofthecard.

However,ifusedwisely,acreditcardcancostnothingsoratleasthelptotideyouoveraperiodoffinancialdifficulty.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?

2.Whatcanbethetitleforthispassage?

3.Whatelsedoyoumeanbyjudiciouspurchasingusingacard?

4.Whathappensifyourcardislostorstolen?

5.Whatdoesthephrase"tideover"inthelastparagraphmean?

Directions:Readthefollowingpassageandthengiveshortanswerstothefivequestions.

【答案】1.Creditcardsarestillbesuspectedbysomepeople.

2.Thecreditcards.

3.Youobtainuptosevenweeksinterest-freecredit.

4.Acreditcardthiefmayuseyourcard.

5.Tosupportthroughadifficultperiod.

【解析】1.文章第一段第一句為本段的中心句,盡管信用卡在金融領(lǐng)域正變得越來越被人們接受,但許多人仍懷疑它是"現(xiàn)用現(xiàn)付"綜合征的主要組成部分。也就是說,信用卡現(xiàn)在依然受到部分人的質(zhì)疑。

2.結(jié)合全文可知,本文主要講了信用卡的用途、如何選擇和使用信用卡。所以,文章主要是介紹信用卡。

3.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞"judiciouspurchasing"定位到第二段第三句"...judiciouspurchasingusingacardcanmeanthatyouobtainuptosevenweeksinterest-freecredit."明智地使用信用卡購物意味著你可以獲得長達(dá)7周的無息信貸。

4.根據(jù)第三段最后一句"Acreditcardthiefmaybesittingonapotentialgoldmineparticularlyifthereisadelayinreportingthelossofthecard."一旦你的卡丟失且掛失晚了的話,信用卡竊賊可能會盜用你的卡。

5.tideover意為"克服,度過,度過困難時期"。即tosupportthroughadifficultperiod。

4.單選題

Shewasafraid（）thedogincaseitbecamedangerous.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ofexciting

B.toexcite

C.thatsheexcited

D.tobeexciting

【答案】B

【解析】句意:她不敢讓這條狗興奮，以防有危險(xiǎn)。

考查固定搭配。beafraidtodosth.害怕/不敢做某事。beafraidofdoingsth.一向害怕做某事(表示習(xí)慣)。因此B項(xiàng)符合語境。

5.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Youheartherefrainallthetime:theU.S.economylooksgoodstatistically,butitdoesn’tfeelgood.Whydoesn’tever-greaterwealthpromoteever-greaterhappiness?Itisaquestionthatdatesatleasttotheappearancein1958ofTheAffluentSocietybyJohnKennethGalbraith,whodiedrecentlyat97.

TheAffluentSocietyisamodernclassicbecauseithelpeddefineanewmomentinthehumancondition.Formostofhistory,“hunger,sickness,andcold”threatenednearlyeveryone,Galbraithwrote.“Povertywasfoundeverywhereinthatworld.Obviouslyitisnotofours.”AfterWorldWarⅡ,thedreadofanotherGreatDepressiongavewaytoaneconomicboom.Inthe1930sunemploymenthadaveraged18.2percent;inthe1950sitwas4.5percent.

ToGalbraith,materialismhadgonemadandwouldbreeddiscontent.Throughadvertising,companiesconditionedconsumerstobuythingstheydidn’treallywantorneed.Becausesomuchspendingwasartificial,itwouldbeunfulfilling.Meanwhile,governmentspendingthatwouldmakeeveryonebetteroffwasbeingcutdownbecausepeopleinstinctively—andwrongly—labeledgovernmentonlyas“anecessaryevil”.

It’softensaidthatonlythericharegettingahead;everyoneelseisstandingstillorfallingbehind.Well,therearemanyundeserving,rich—overpaidchiefexecutives,forinstance.Butoveranymeaningfulperiod,mostpeople’sincomesareincreasing.From1995to2004,inflation-adjustedaveragefamilyincomerose14.3percent,to$43,200.Peoplefeel“squeezed”becausetheirrisingincomesoftendon’tsatisfytheirrisingwants—forbiggerhomes,morehealthcare,moreeducation,fasterInternetconnections.

Theothergreatfrustrationisthatithasnoteliminatedinsecurity.Peopleregardjobstabilityaspartoftheirstandardofliving.Ascorporatelayoffsincreased,thatparthaseroded.Moreworkersfearthey’vebecome“thedisposableAmerican”,asLouisUchitelleputsitinhisbookbythesamename.

Becausesomuchprevioussufferingandsocialconflictstemmedfrompoverty,thearrivalofwidespreadaffluencesuggestedutopianpossibilities.Uptoapoint,affluencesucceeds.Thereismuchlessphysicalmiserythanbefore.Peoplearebetteroff.Unfortunately,affluencealsocreatesnewcomplaintsandcontradictions.

Advancedsocietiesneedeconomicgrowthtosatisfythemultiplyingwantsoftheircitizens.Butthequestforgrowthletsloosenewanxietiesandeconomicconflictsthatdisturbthesocialorder.Affluenceliberatestheindividual,promisingthateveryonecanchooseauniquewaytoself-fulfillment.Butthepromiseissoextravagantthatitpredestinesmanydisappointmentsandsometimesinspireschoicesthathaveanti-socialconsequences,includingfamilybreakdownandobesity.Statisticalindicatorsofhappinesshavenotrisenwithincomes.

Shouldwebesurprised?Notreally.We’vesimplyreaffirmedanoldtruth:thepursuitofaffluencedoesnotalwaysendwithhappiness.

1.WhatquestiondoesJohnKennethGalbraithraiseinhisbookTheAffluentSociety?

2.AccordingtoGalbraith,peoplefeeldiscontentedbecause______.

3.Whydopeoplefeelsqueezedwhentheiraverageincomerisesconsiderably?

4.WhatdoesLouisUchitellemeanby“thedisposableAmerican”(Para.5)?

5.WhathasaffluencebroughttoAmericansociety?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Whystatisticsdon’ttellthetruthabouttheeconomy.

B.Whyaffluencedoesn’tguaranteehappiness.

C.Howhappinesscanbepromotedtoday.

D.Whatliesbehindaneconomicboom.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.publicspendinghasn’tbeencutdownasexpected

B.thegovernmenthasprovedtobeanecessaryevil

C.theyareinfearofanotherGreatDepression

D.materialismhasrunwildinmodernsociety

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theirmaterialpursuitshavegonefaraheadoftheirearnings.

B.Theirpurchasingpowerhasdroppedmarkedlywithinflation.

C.Thedistributionofwealthisunevenbetweentherichandthepoor.

D.HeathcareandeducationalCosthavesomehowgoneoutofcontrol.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thosewhoseejobstabilityaspartoftheirlivingstandard.

B.Peoplefullofutopianideasresultingfromaffluence.

C.PeoplewhohavelittlesayinAmericanpolitics.

D.Workerswhonolongerhavesecurejobs.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Renewedeconomicsecurity.

B.Asenseofself-fulfilment.

C.Newconflictsandcomplaints.

D.Miseryandanti-socialbehavior.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.WhatquestiondoesJohnKennethGalbraithraiseinhisbookTheAffluentSociety?1.約翰?肯尼斯?加爾布雷斯在他的《富裕社會》一書中提出了什么問題？

A.Whystatisticsdon’ttellthetruthabouttheeconomy.A.為什么統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)不能反映經(jīng)濟(jì)的真相。

B.Whyaffluencedoesn’tguaranteehappiness.B.為什么富裕并不能保證幸福。

C.Howhappinesscanbepromotedtoday.C.如何在今天提升幸福。

D.Whatliesbehindaneconomicboom.D.經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮背后的原因。

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第一段第二、三句“為什么越來越多的財(cái)富不能帶來越來越多的幸福呢？這個問題至少可以追溯到1958年約翰?肯尼斯?加爾布雷斯所著的《富裕社會》一書?！崩斫饪芍?，約翰?肯尼斯?加爾布雷斯在他的《富裕社會》一書中提出了為什么越來越多的財(cái)富不能帶來越來越多的幸福這個問題，B項(xiàng)“為什么富裕并不能保證幸?！狈项}意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“為什么統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)不能反映經(jīng)濟(jì)的真相”、C項(xiàng)“如何在今天提升幸?！焙虳項(xiàng)“經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮背后的原因”都不是在《富裕社會》一書中提出的問題，這三項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.AccordingtoGalbraith,peoplefeeldiscontentedbecause______.2.加爾布雷斯認(rèn)為，人們感到不滿是因?yàn)開_____。

A.publicspendinghasn’tbeencutdownasexpectedA.公共支出并沒有像預(yù)期的那樣被削減

B.thegovernmenthasprovedtobeanecessaryevilB.政府已經(jīng)被證明是必定邪惡

C.theyareinfearofanotherGreatDepressionC.他們擔(dān)心另一場大蕭條

D.materialismhasrunwildinmodernsocietyD.現(xiàn)代社會物質(zhì)主義泛濫成風(fēng)

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段第一句“在加爾布雷斯看來，物質(zhì)主義已經(jīng)變得非常瘋狂（materialismhadgonemad），并且會滋生不滿情緒”理解可知，人們感到不滿是因?yàn)槲镔|(zhì)主義泛濫，該題選擇D項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)代社會物質(zhì)主義泛濫成風(fēng)”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“公共支出并沒有像預(yù)期的那樣被削減”根據(jù)第三段最后一句“與此同時，本可以讓每個人生活更好的政府開支卻被削減了，因?yàn)槿藗儽灸艿厍义e誤地將政府貼上了‘必定邪惡’的標(biāo)簽”可知，公共支出被削減了，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

B項(xiàng)“政府已經(jīng)被證明是一個必要的邪惡”，這只是人們?yōu)檎N的標(biāo)簽，與人們不滿無關(guān)，該項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文；

C項(xiàng)“他們擔(dān)心另一場大蕭條”沒有提到，該項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.Whydopeoplefeelsqueezedwhentheiraverageincomerisesconsiderably?3.為什么當(dāng)平均收入大幅增長時，人們會感到壓力？

A.Theirmaterialpursuitshavegonefaraheadoftheirearnings.A.他們的物質(zhì)追求遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了他們的收入。

B.Theirpurchasingpowerhasdroppedmarkedlywithinflation.B.他們的購買力隨著通貨膨脹而明顯下降。

C.Thedistributionofwealthisunevenbetweentherichandthepoor.C.財(cái)富在富人和窮人之間分配不均。

D.HeathcareandeducationalCosthavesomehowgoneoutofcontrol.D.醫(yī)療保健和教育費(fèi)用不知何故已失去控制。

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第四段最后一句“人們感到‘被擠壓’，因?yàn)樗麄儾粩嘣鲩L的收入往往無法滿足他們不斷增長的需求——更大的房子，更多的醫(yī)療保健，更多的教育，更快的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接”理解可知，人們會感到壓力是因?yàn)椴粩嘣鲩L的收入無法滿足不斷增長的物質(zhì)需求，A項(xiàng)“他們的物質(zhì)追求遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了他們的收入”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)“他們的購買力隨著通貨膨脹而明顯下降”，人們的物質(zhì)需求不斷增長，也就是說購買力會增加，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

C項(xiàng)“財(cái)富在富人和窮人之間分配不均”和D項(xiàng)“醫(yī)療保健和教育費(fèi)用不知何故已失去控制”沒有提到，這兩項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.WhatdoesLouisUchitellemeanby“thedisposableAmerican”(Para.5)?

4.路易斯?烏奇特利在第5段所說的“被拋棄的美國人”是什么意思？

A.Thosewhoseejobstabilityaspartoftheirlivingstandard.A.把工作穩(wěn)定性視為生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的一部分。

B.Peoplefullofutopianideasresultingfromaffluence.B.因富裕而充滿烏托邦思想的人。

C.PeoplewhohavelittlesayinAmericanpolitics.C.在美國政治上幾乎沒有發(fā)言權(quán)的人。

D.Workerswhonolongerhavesecurejobs.D.不再有穩(wěn)定工作的人。

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第五段“人們把工作穩(wěn)定性視為生活水平的一部分。隨著公司裁員的增加，這部分已經(jīng)被侵蝕。越來越多的工人擔(dān)心自己成為‘被拋棄的美國人’，正如路易斯?烏奇特利在他的同名書中所說的那樣?！睆闹欣斫饪芍?，“被拋棄的美國人”指的是因?yàn)楣静脝T而被迫失業(yè)，即失去穩(wěn)定的工作，D項(xiàng)“不再有穩(wěn)定工作的人”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“把工作穩(wěn)定性視為生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的一部分”是成為“被拋棄的美國人”的原因，而不是其暗含的意思，該項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文；

B項(xiàng)“因富裕而充滿烏托邦思想的人”和“被拋棄的美國人”無關(guān)，該項(xiàng)屬于出處錯位；

C項(xiàng)“在美國政治上幾乎沒有發(fā)言權(quán)的人”原文沒有提到，該項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

5.WhathasaffluencebroughttoAmericansociety?5.富裕給美國社會帶來了什么？

A.Renewedeconomicsecurity.A.新的經(jīng)濟(jì)安全。

B.Asenseofself-fulfilment.B.自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的感覺。

C.Newconflictsandcomplaints.C.新的沖突和抱怨。

D.Miseryandanti-socialbehavior.D.痛苦和反社會行為。

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第六段最后一句“不幸的是，富裕也產(chǎn)生了新的抱怨和矛盾”可知，富裕給美國社會帶來了新的抱怨和矛盾，C項(xiàng)“新的沖突和抱怨”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“新的經(jīng)濟(jì)安全”和B項(xiàng)“自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的感覺”沒有提到，這兩項(xiàng)屬于無中生有；

D項(xiàng)“痛苦和反社會行為”根據(jù)第六段二、三句“在某種程度上，富裕是成功的。身體上的痛苦比以前少了很多?！笨芍?，富裕減輕了痛苦，該項(xiàng)與原文相反，屬于反向干擾。

6.翻譯題

坦白說有壓力是我們所有人正常生活狀態(tài)里的一部分，重要的是我們不能讓壓力攪亂我們的生活，或者讓壓力超出了我們的控制范圍，即使空閑時間是奢侈的，也請擠出幾分鐘或幾小時放松自己，這是自我愛護(hù)的重要的部分，那么你就有了理由，喝杯咖啡或是撤銷今晚計(jì)劃的理由，最終你擁有了屬于你自己的空間。

【答案】Frankly,thereisstressallofusinanormalpartoflife,butthekeyismakingsureitdoesn’trunourlivesorgrowoutofcontrol.Evenwhenfreetimeisaluxury,squeezeoutafewminutesorhourstorelaxisanimportantpartofself-care.Sothereyouhaveit—anexcusetotakeacoffeebreakorcancelyourplanstonight,andfinallymakesometimeforyou.

7.單選題

Iassureyoutherewasno______motiveinmysuggestion.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ulterior

B.stationary

C.vulgar

D.toxic

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.ulterior隱秘的，不可告人的B.stationary固定的，靜止的；定居的

C.vulgar粗俗的，通俗的；本土的D.toxic有毒的，中毒的

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句子意思“我向你保證，我的建議沒有______的動機(jī)”，從assure（保證）可知，“我的建議并不是有不可告人的動機(jī)”，A項(xiàng)詞義符合句子意思。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】我向你保證，我的建議并非別有用心。

8.單選題

Humansdifferfromotherspecies（）wepossesshistoryaswellasprehistory,hundredsandhundredsofdiverseculturesandsubcultures,andthepossibilityofinformed,consciouschoice.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.grantedthat

B.suchas

C.inasmuchas

D.inthat

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)grantedthat“即使；假定”；B選項(xiàng)suchas“比如；諸如”；C選項(xiàng)inasmuchas“由于，因?yàn)椤?；D選項(xiàng)inthat“因?yàn)?；由于；既然”。句意：人類不同于其他物種，我們擁有歷史和史前史，數(shù)以百計(jì)的不同文化和亞文化，以及知情的、有意識的選擇的可能性。由句意可推測出空格處應(yīng)為“因?yàn)椤?，C選項(xiàng)、D選項(xiàng)均有“因?yàn)椤钡囊馑迹獵選項(xiàng)inasmuchas前需要有逗號，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

9.翻譯題

美元的貶值使得許多外國投資者購買美國股票更加劃算。這就引發(fā)了來自美國以外的投資者的搶購，特別是日本投資者的搶購。另外，如果貿(mào)易狀況有所好轉(zhuǎn)，美國公司的競爭力最終將會更加強(qiáng)大。因此，許多投資者購買以出口為導(dǎo)向的美國公司的股票，以期在明年獲得更大的利潤。但這只是當(dāng)前的一種時髦理念。如果今后幾個季度里美國公司的整體收益令人失望的話，那么，這種狂熱的購買行為就會消失。

【答案】ThedepreciationofU.S.dollarmakesitmorecost-effectiveformanyforeigninvestorstobuyAmericanstocks,whichhastriggeredpanicbuyingbyinvestorsfromoutsidetheUnitedStates,especiallyJapan.Inaddition,ifthetradesituationimproves,Americancompanieswilleventuallybecomemorecompetitive.Asaresult,manyinvestorsarebuyingsharesofexport-orientedU.S.companiesinthehopeofmakinggreaterprofitsnextyear.Butthisisjustafashionableideaatthemoment.IftheoverallearningsofU.S.companiesinthenextfewquartersaredisappointing,thisfreneticbuyingbehaviorwilldisappear.

10.單選題

Onlineservicesthatprovide（）loverssawariseinpopularitybeforetheValentine’sDay,whichiscelebratedeveryyearonFeb14.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.humble

B.noble

C.radical

D.virtual

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)humble表示“謙遜的，簡陋的”，B選項(xiàng)noble表示“高貴的，宏偉的”，C選項(xiàng)radical表示“激進(jìn)的，根本的，徹底的”，D選項(xiàng)virtual表示“事實(shí)上的，（計(jì)算機(jī)仿真）虛擬的”。由句意可知，情人節(jié)前，網(wǎng)上提供（）情侶的服務(wù)日漸增多。由此可知，只有D選項(xiàng)最符合原文句意，virtuallover表示“虛擬情侶”。故本題正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。

11.單選題

Nobodybelieveshemadesuchafoolishmistake.Peoplesayheisvery______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.experience

B.career

C.accurate

D.actual

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)experience“經(jīng)驗(yàn)；閱歷”；B選項(xiàng)career“職業(yè)生涯”；C選項(xiàng)accurate“正確無誤的；精確的”；D選項(xiàng)actual“實(shí)際的；（強(qiáng)調(diào)事情最重要的部分）真正的”。句意：沒有人相信他犯了這樣一個愚蠢的錯誤。因?yàn)槿藗冋J(rèn)為他非常______。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是在別人眼中，他做事不會行差踏錯，C選項(xiàng)accurate“正確無誤的；精確的”符合題意，指的是他非?？煽?。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Aseriesofborderincidentswould（）leadthetwocountriestowar.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inevitably

B.consistently

C.uniformly

D.persistently

【答案】A

【解析】inevitably不可避免地,必然地；consistently一貫地,始終如一地；uniformly一致地；persistently固執(zhí)地。句意：一系列的邊境事件將不可避免地導(dǎo)致兩國之間的戰(zhàn)爭。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

13.單選題

ThearomaofchocolateperfumestheairoftheRued’AssasinParis.EnteringChristianConstant'sstate-of-the-artboutique,youfindyourselfinthekingdomofParis'skingofchocolate,wherethehumblecocoabeanisturnedintomouth-wateringchocolateEastereggs.

Constant,whoisachef,admitsthatchocolateishispassionandmaininterestinlife.HefirstdevelopedafascinationwithchocolatewhenhewasworkingforGastonLenotre,afamousFrenchpastrychef.

EveryyearhehasathemefordecoratingEastereggs:thisyearhisdecorationsareinspiredby“ArtNouveau”.Tonighthehasadinnerfor130toorganizeandhehastoprepareathree-foot-highArtNouveau-styleEastereggbynoontomorrow.This,forConstant,isanormalschedule.

Constantbelievesthathischocolatecreationsareasmuchofaworkofartasothersculptures.Itis,therefore,understandablethattherestaurant,whichheopenedlastmonth,issituatedintheNationalMonumentsMuseuminParis.Duringthedaytherestaurantisatearoomandofferschocolateineveryimaginableform.Customerscanchoosefromaselectionofsweetchocolatedessertsortrythemoreexoticspicychocolates.Constantisalsoaprofessional“nose”,workingcloselywiththeFrenchInstituteofTaste.Heiscapableofidentifying450differenttastesandflavors.Constantexplainsthatthemouth,whichcanonlytastefourthings—salt,sweet,acidandbitter—is“stupid”incomparisontothenose.Hebelievesthatthenoseiseverything.

InhisbookTheTasteofChocolate,heexplainshowin1502ChristopherColumbuscameacrossanislandandwentashore.HewasgreetedbyanIndianchiefbearinggiftsamongwhichwerehugesacksofbeanswhichColumbusthoughtwaslocalcurrency.Tohissurprise,theypreparedadrinkforhim.ButColumbus,whodislikedtheoddbittertaste,continuedonhistravelsignorantofthefactthathehadjusttastedcocoa.LikeColumbus,Constanttravelsthecocoacountrieswherehechecksqualityandworkswithlocalexperts.Qualitycanvarydependingontheregion,year,andmethodofpreparation.AccordingtoConstant,VenezuelaandTrinidadhavethebestcocoabeans,whichtheyexportallovertheworldeitherasbeansorascocoa.

Constant,whoisahardworker,onlysleepsthreehoursanight.Hetalkslongintothenightwithmembersofaclubhehasformed.Theclubiscalled“TheChocolateMunchers”.Theirmainofficialactivityistogettogetherformonthlydinnerswheretheyeataverytinydinnerandtonsofchocolatedesserts.

“Iamanaddict,”Constantadmits,“andIdon'twanttobecured!”

1.Whichofthefollowingisthemostinclusivetitleforthepassage?

2.WhatdoesConstantdonow?

3.Constant’snewly-openedbusiness（）.

4.Theunderlinedpart“Constantisalsoa...?nose?”means（）.

5.AccordingtoConstant,（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Chocolate—ThePassionofaLifetime.

B.TheChocolateMunchersClub.

C.Chocolate—ANewArtForm.

D.TheLastWordinGoodTaste.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.HeworksforaFrenchpastrychef.

B.Heownshisownrestaurantandtearoom.

C.HeisasculptorforamuseuminParis.

D.HeisachefintheInstituteofTaste.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.provideschocolateswithvariousflavors

B.exhibitsallofhischocolatesculptures

C.oftenneedstoprepareabigEasterdinner

D.servesasanationalmonumentinParis

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.hebelieveshehasthebestnoseintheworld

B.hisnosecantastesalt,sweet,acidandbitter

C.hisnosecanidentifyvarioustastesandflavors

D.heiscapableofsmellingflavorsfromalongdistance

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ancientIndiansusedcocoabeansaslocalcurrency

B.Columbuscheckedthequalityofcocoabeansindifferentplaces

C.chocolateaddictionmakespeoplesleepless

D.thequalityofcocoabeansvariesfromregiontoregion

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨題。根據(jù)全文，文章主要在描述廚師康斯坦丁和巧克力的故事，講述了他對熱衷于做巧克力，并且寫了一本有關(guān)于巧克力的書，整篇文章都表現(xiàn)了他對巧克力獨(dú)特的熱愛，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“Itis,therefore,understandablethattherestaurant,whichheopenedlastmonth,issituatedintheNationalMonumentsMuseuminParis.Duringthedaytherestaurantisatearoomandofferschocolateineveryimaginableform.”，可知康斯坦丁上個月開了餐廳，白天的時候這家餐廳就成為茶室，提供各式的巧克力。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“Duringthedaytherestaurantisatearoomandofferschocolateineveryimaginableform.Customerscanchoosefromaselectionofsweetchocolatedessertsortrythemoreexoticspicychocolates.”可知，他新開的餐廳的特點(diǎn)，白天是一個茶室，提供各種巧克力，并且可以選擇各種口味的巧克力。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“Constantisalsoaprofessional…whichcanonlytastefourthings~salt,sweet,acidandbitter—is“stupid”incomparisontothenose.Hebelievesthatthenoseiseverything.”，可知康斯坦特可以用鼻子分辨出各種不同的氣味，他認(rèn)為嘴只能嘗出四種味道。所以這句話是指他的鼻子能分辨不同的味道。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段，“HewasgreetedbyanIndianchiefbearinggiftsamongwhichwerehugesacksofbeanswhichColumbusthoughtwaslocalcurrency.Tohissurprise,theypreparedadrinkforhim.”，可知Columbus以為可可豆是當(dāng)?shù)氐呢泿牛髞聿胖?，原來是一種飲料，所以排除A選項(xiàng)。根據(jù)文章第五段，“Qualitycanvarydependingontheregion,year,andmethodofpreparation.”，可可的質(zhì)量因地區(qū)、年份和制作方法各異。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

14.單選題

Inordertoexplainthesocioeconomicachievement,inthefaceofdisadvantagesduetoracialdiscriminationofChineseandJapaneseimmigrantstotheUnitedStatesandtheirdescendants,sociologistshavetypicallyappliedeitherculturallybasedorstructurallybasedtheories—butneverbothtogether.Touseaneconomicmetaphor,culturallybasedexplanationsasserttheimportanceofthesupplysideofthelabormarket,emphasizingthequalitiesimmigrantgroupsbringwiththemforcompetitionintheUnitedStateslabormarket.Suchexplanationsreflectahuman-capitalperspectiveinwhichstatusattainmentisseenasaresultofindividuals’abilitytogenerateresources.Structurallybasedexplanations,ontheotherhand,examinethemarketconditionoftheimmigrants’hostsociety,particularlyitsdiscriminatorypracticesandtheirimpactonthestatusattainmentprocessofimmigrantgroups.Intheeconomicmetaphor,structuralexplanationsasserttheimportanceofthedemandsideofthelabormarket.

InordertounderstandthesocioeconomicmobilityofChineseandJapaneseimmigrantsandtheirdescendants,onlyananalysisofsupply-sideanddemand-sidefactorstogether,inthecontextofhistoricalevents,willsuffice.Ontheculturalorsupplyside,differencesinimmigrationpatternandfamilyformationresultedindifferentratesofsocioeconomicachievementforChineseandJapaneseimmigrants.Forvariousreasons,Chineseimmigrantsremainedsojournersanddidnot(exceptforurbanmerchants)establishfamilies.Theywerealsohamperedbyethnicconflictinthelabormarket.Japaneseimmigrants,ontheotherhand,werelessconstrained,madethetransitionfromsojournertosettlerwithinthefirsttwodecadesofimmigration,andleftlow-wagelabortoestablishsmallbusinessesbasedonahouseholdmodeofproduction.Chinesesojournerswithoutfamiliesweremorevulnerabletodemoralization,whereasJapaneseimmigrantsfacedsocietalhostilitywiththeemotionalresourcesprovidedbyastablefamilylife.OnceChineseimmigrantsbegantoestablishnuclearfamiliesandproduceasecondgeneration,institutinghouseholdproductionsimilartothatestablishedbyJapaneseimmigrants,theirsocioeconomicattainmentsoonparalleledthatofJapaneseimmigrantsandtheirdescendants.

Onthestructuralordemandside,changesininstitutionalconstraints,immigrationlaws,labormarkets,andsocietalhostilitywererootedinthedynamicsofcapitalisteconomicdevelopment.Earlycapitalistdevelopmentgeneratedademandforlow-wagelaborthatcouldnotbefulfilled.EarlyChineseandJapaneseimmigrationwasaresponsetothisdemand.Inanadvancedcapitalisteconomy,thedemandforimmigrantlaborismoredifferentiated:skilledprofessionalandtechnicallaborfillsemptypositionsintheprimarylabormarketand,withthetraditionalunskilledlow-wagelabor,createstwoimmigrantsteams.ThehighlevelsofeducationattainedbythedescendantsofChineseandJapaneseimmigrantsandtheirconcentrationinstrategicstatessuchasCaliforniapavedthewayforthemovementofthesecondgenerationintotheexpandingprimarylabormarketintheadvancedcapitalisteconomythatexistedaftertheSecondWorldWar.

56.Whichoneofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?

57.Theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith______.

58.Whichoneofthefollowingcanbestbedescribedasasupply-sideelementinthelabormarket,assuchelementsareexplainedinthepassage?

59.ItcanbeinferredthatwhichoneofthefollowingwasanelementoftheexperienceofbothChineseandJapaneseimmigrantsintheUnitedStates?

60.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthor’sanalysisofthesocioeconomicachievementofChineseandJapaneseimmigrantsandtheirdescendantsdiffersfromthatofmostsociologistsprimarilyinthatmostsociologists______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.OnlyananalysisthatcombinesanexaminationofthecultureofChineseandJapaneseimmigrantgroupsandthesocioeconomicstructureofthehostcountrycanadequatelyexplainthesocioeconomicachievementofChineseandJapaneseimmigrantsandtheirdescendants.

B.ThesocioeconomicachievementofChineseandJapaneseimmigrantsandtheirdescendantshastakenplaceinthecontextofaculturallybasedemphasisontheeconomicwelfareofthenuclearfamily.

C.ThesocioeconomicachievementofChineseandJapaneseimmigrantsandtheirdescendantsisbestexplainedbyanexaminationoftheirculturalbackgrounds,inparticulartheirlevelofeducationalattainment.

D.OnlythemarketstructureofthecapitalisteconomyoftheUnitedStatesinwhichsupplyhashistoricallybeenregulatedbydemandcanaccountforthesocioeconomicachievementofChineseandJapaneseimmigrantsandtheirdescendants.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.resolvingthedifferencesbetweenschoolsofthought

B.challengingatentativeanswertoaquestion

C.advancingasynthesisofapproachestoanissue

D.outliningtheachievementsofagroup

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Developmentofanadvancedcapitalisteconomy.

B.Highvalueplacedbyimmigrantsonwork.

C.Concentrationofsmallbusinessesinagivengeographicalarea.

D.Needforworkerswithvaryingdegreesofskill.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Slowaccumulationofcapital.

B.Rapidestablishmentofnuclearfamilies.

C.Rapidacquisitionoftechnicalskills.

D.Initialstatusassojourners.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.emphasizethedisadvantageouseffectsofracialdiscrimination

B.focusonasingletypeoftheoreticalexplanation

C.addresstheeffectsoftheinteractionofcausalfactors

D.excludethefactorofadevelopingcapitalisteconomy

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】56.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“下列哪個選項(xiàng)最好地表達(dá)了這篇文章的主要思想？”。文章主要講的是中日移民及其后代的社會經(jīng)濟(jì)成就。文章第二段首句提到InordertounderstandthesocioeconomicmobilityofChineseandJapaneseimmigrantsandtheirdescendants,onlyananalysisofsupply-sideanddemand-sidefactorstogether,inthecontextofhistoricalevents,willsuffice.（要了解中日移民及其后代的社會經(jīng)濟(jì)流動性，在歷史事件的背景下，只有將供給側(cè)和需求側(cè)因素結(jié)合起來分析才足夠。），由此可知，為了了解中國和日本移民者以及他們后裔的社會經(jīng)濟(jì)流動性，只要做出一個在歷史事件的背景下的供應(yīng)方和需求方的因素分析就足夠了；故A項(xiàng)“只有結(jié)合考察中國和日本移民群體的文化和東道國的社會經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)的分析，才能充分解釋中國和日本移民及其后代的社會經(jīng)濟(jì)成就”正確。B項(xiàng)“中國和日本移民及其后代的社會經(jīng)濟(jì)成就，是在強(qiáng)調(diào)核心家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)福利的文化背景下取得的”，第二段最后一句提到OnceChineseimmigrantsbegantoestablishnuclearfamiliesandproduceasecondgeneration,institutinghouseholdproductionsimilartothatestablishedbyJapaneseimmigrants,theirsocioeconomicattainmentsoonparalleledthatofJapaneseimmigrantsandtheirdescendants.（一旦中國移民開始建立核心家庭并產(chǎn)生了第二代，建立了與日本移民相似的家庭生產(chǎn)，他們的社會經(jīng)濟(jì)成就很快與日本移民及其后代并立。），由此可知在文化背景下，中日移民的社會經(jīng)濟(jì)成就是由于建立了家庭生產(chǎn)，但這只是供給側(cè)方面的因素，另外還有需求側(cè)方面的因素，所以B項(xiàng)不正確。C項(xiàng)“對中國和日本移民及其后代的社會經(jīng)濟(jì)成就，最好的解釋是考察他們的文化背景，特別是他們的教育程度”，文化背景只是供給側(cè)的一部分因素，只在文章第二段出現(xiàn)，因此C選項(xiàng)太片面。D項(xiàng)“只有美國資本主義經(jīng)濟(jì)的市場結(jié)構(gòu)，在歷史上供給是由需求調(diào)節(jié)的，才能解釋中國和日本移民及其后代的社會經(jīng)濟(jì)成就”，這里進(jìn)行的是需求側(cè)方面的分析，只在文章第三段出現(xiàn)，D項(xiàng)也很片面。因此該題選A。

57.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“作者主要關(guān)心的是什么？”。文章開篇指出Inordertoexplainthesocioeconomicachievement,inthefaceofdisadvantagesduetoracialdiscriminationofChineseandJapaneseimmigrantstotheUnitedStatesandth