考研考博-英語-天津商業(yè)大學寶德學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-天津商業(yè)大學寶德學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Hehadaquarrelwithhiswifeandjust（）her.

問題1選項

A.becameof

B.gotholdof

C.walkedouton

D.passedover

【答案】C

【解析】動詞詞組辨析。becameof"使遭遇……;……降臨于;發(fā)生……情況";gotholdof"抓住;握住,占有";walkedouton"丟在一邊";passedover"越過;忽略;寬恕;回避"。句意：他和妻子吵了一架,然后把她丟在一邊。選項C符合句意。

2.單選題

Computerprogrammersoftenremarkthatcomputingmachines,withaperfectlackofdiscrimination,willdoanyfoolishthingtheyaretoldtodo.Thereasonforthislies,ofcourse,inthenarrowfixationofthecomputingmachine’s“intelligence”onthedetailsofitsownperceptions—itsinabilitytobeguidedbyalargecontext.Inapsychologicaldescriptionofthecomputerintelligence,threerelatedadjectivescometomind:single-minded,literal-minded,andsimple-minded.Recognizingthis,weshouldatthesametimerecognizethatthissingle-mindedness,literal-mindedness,andsimple-mindednessalsocharacterizestheoreticalmathematics,thoughtoalesserextent.

Sincesciencetriestodealwithreality,eventhemostprecisesciencesnormallyworkwithmoreorlessimperfectlyunderstoodapproximationstowardwhichscientistsmustmaintainanappropriateskepticism.Thus,forinstance:itmaycomeasashocktomathematicianstolearnthattheSchrodingerequationforthehydrogenatomisnotaliterallycorrectdescriptionofthisatom,butonlyanapproximationtoasomewhatmorecorrectequationtakingaccountofspin,magneticdipole,andrelativistic,effects;andthatthiscorrectedequationisitselfonlyanimperfectapproximationtoaninfinitesetofquantumfield-theoreticalequations.Physicists,lookingattheoriginalSchrodingerequationlearntosenseinitthepresenceofmanyinvisibletermsinadditiontothedifferentialtermsvisible,andthissenseinspiresanentirelyappropriatedisregardforthepurelytechnicalfeaturesoftheequation.Thisveryhealthyskepticismisforeigntothemathematicalapproach.

Mathematicsmustdealwithwell-definedsituations.Thus,mathematiciansdependonanintellectualeffortoutsideofmathematicsforthecrucialspecificationoftheapproximationthatmathematicsistotakeliterally.Givemathematiciansasituationthatistheleastbitill-defined,andtheywillmakeitwell-defined,perhapsappropriately,butperhapsinappropriately.Insomecases,themathematicians’literal-mindednessmayhaveunfortunateconsequences.Themathematiciansturnthescientists’theoreticalassumptionsthatare,theirconvenientpointsofanalyticalemphasis,intoaxioms,andthentaketheseaxiomsliterally.Thisbringsthedangerthattheymayalsopersuadethescientiststotaketheseaxiomsliterally.Thequestion,centraltothescientificinvestigationbutintenselydisturbinginthemathematicalcontext-whathappensiftheaxiomsarerelaxed?-istherebyignored.

Thephysicistrightlydreadspreciseargument,sinceanargumentthatisconvincingonlyifitispreciselosesallitsforceiftheassumptionsonwhichitisbasedareslightlychanged,whereasanargumentthatisconvincingthoughimprecisemaywellbestableundersmallperturbationsofitsunderlyingassumptions.

1.Theauthordiscussescomputingmachinesinthefirstparagraphprimarilyinorderto,dowhichofthefollowing?

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatscientistsmakewhichofthefollowingassumptionsaboutscientificarguments?

3.Accordingtothetext,mathematicianspresentarisktoscientistforwhichofthefollowingreasons?

4.Theauthorsuggeststhat-theapproachofphysiciststosolvingscientificproblemiswhichofthefollowing?

5.Theauthorimpliesthatscientistsdevelopahealthyskepticismbecausetheyareawarethat（

）.

問題1選項

A.Indicatethedangersinherentinrelyingtoagreatextentonmachines.

B.Illustratehisviewsabouttheapproachofmathematicianstoproblemsolving.

C.Comparetheworkofmathematicianswiththatofcomputerprogrammers.

D.Provideonedefinitionofintelligence.

問題2選項

A.Theliteraltruthoftheargumentscanbemadeclearonlyinamathematicalcontext.

B.Theargumentsnecessarilyignorethecentralquestionofscientificinvestigation.

C.Thearmamentsprobablywillbeconvincingonlytootherscientists.

D.Thepremisesonwhichtheargumentsarebasedmaychange.

問題3選項

A.Mathematiciansmayprovidetheoriesthatareincompatiblewiththosealreadydevelopedbyscientists.

B.Mathematiciansmaydefinesituationsinawaythatisincomprehensibletoscientists.

C.Mathematiciansmayconvincescientiststhattheoreticalassumptionsarefacts.

D.Scientistsmaycometobelievethataxiomaticstatementsareuntrue.

問題4選項

A.PracticalforscientificPurposes.

B.Detrimentalto:scientificprogress.

C.UnimportantinmostSituations.

D.Expedient,butoflittlelong-termvalue.

問題5選項

A.mathematiciansarebetterabletosolveproblemsthanarescientists.

B.changesinaxiomaticpropositionswillinevitablyunderminescientificarguments.

C.well-definedsituationsarenecessityforthedesignofreliableexperiments.

D.somefactorsinmostsituationsmustremainunknown.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.文章第一段作者用計算機“computingmachines”作為例子來幫助我們更好的了解數(shù)學理論“theoreticalmathematics”。選項B符合題意。

2.文章最后一段提到基于某些參數(shù)的變化而會導致某些前提的改變（sinceanargumentthatisconvincingonlyifitispreciselosesallitsforceiftheassumptionsonwhichitisbasedareslightlychanged）。選項D符合題意。

3.文章倒數(shù)第二段的倒數(shù)第二、三句Themathematiciansturnthescientists’theoreticalassumptionsthatare,theirconvenientpointsofanalyticalemphasis,intoaxioms,andthentaketheseaxiomsliterally.Thisbringsthedangerthattheymayalsopersuadethescientiststotaketheseaxiomsliterally提到數(shù)學家將這些理論假設變成公理，并且還試圖說服科學家相信這些假設都真的。選項C符合題意。

4.文章第二段倒數(shù)第一句Thisveryhealthyskepticismisforeigntothemathematicalapproach提到這個健康的懷疑論對于數(shù)學方法來說還是陌生的。但是從healthy這個詞可以知道在這里是肯定的觀點，四個選項中，只有選項A是帶有肯定意味的，因此選項A符合題意。

5.healthyskepticism指的是文章第二段倒數(shù)第二句的內(nèi)容：Physicists,lookingattheoriginalSchrodingerequationlearntosenseinitthepresenceofmanyinvisibletermsinadditiontothedifferentialtermsvisible,andthissenseinspiresanentirelyappropriatedisregardforthepurelytechnicalfeaturesoftheequation，有此句可知選項D符合題意。

3.單選題

Hewas（）whenheheardtheunexpectednews,butIfinallyconvincedhim.

問題1選項

A.incredible

B.inevitable

C.incredulous

D.indifferent

【答案】C

【解析】形近詞詞義辨析。incredible“難以置信的,驚人的”;inevitable“必然的,不可避免的”;incredulous“懷疑的,不輕信的”;indifferent“漠不關(guān)心的,中立的”。句意:他聽到這個意外的消息時很不相信,但我最終還是讓他相信了。選項C符合語境。

4.單選題

Thisnationhasbecomethefastest-growinggrainimportmarket,whichisdrivenbothbyrapidpopulationgrowthandbyrisingaffluence.

問題1選項

A.friction

B.bankruptcy

C.poverty

D.riches

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.friction摩擦；爭執(zhí)B.bankruptcy破產(chǎn)

C.poverty貧困D.riches財富

【考查點】名詞辨析

【解題思路】根據(jù)原文，糧食進口增加，說明花了更多的錢進口糧食，其原因是人口增加以及錢增加，只有D選項riches“財富”符合語境，原詞affluence“富?！?。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C選項均與有更多的錢無關(guān)。

【句意】這個國家已經(jīng)成為增長最快的糧食進口市場，這是由人口快速增長和日益富裕所驅(qū)動的。

5.單選題

Thecheerful,livelymelodyofdancemusic（

）almostallthewearysoldiers.

問題1選項

A.drained

B.diverted

C.renewed

D.revived

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。drain“喝光，排水，流干”；divert“轉(zhuǎn)移；使……轉(zhuǎn)向”；renew“使更新；續(xù)借”；revive“使復興；使蘇醒”。句意：這支充滿活力的歡快舞曲使那位筋疲力盡的士兵振奮起來。選項D符合題意。

6.單選題

Questions9to12arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項

A.Theytryhardtoavoidgettingoffonthewrongfoot.

B.Theyspendtoomuchtimeanticipatingtheirdefeat.

C.Theytaketoomanyirrelevantfactorsintoaccount.

D.Theymakecarefulpreparationsbeforehand.

問題2選項

A.Mentalimagesofteninterferewithathletes’performance.

B.Golfersusuallyhavepositivementalimagesofthemselves.

C.Thinkinghasthesameeffectonthenervoussystemasdoing.

D.Aperson’snervoussystemismorecomplicatedthanimagined.

問題3選項

A.Anticipatepossibleproblems.

B.Makealistofdo’sanddon’ts.

C.Trytoappearmoreprofessional.

D.Picturethemselvessucceeding.

問題4選項

A.Shewonherfirstjurytrial.

B.Sheworeadesignerdress.

C.Shepresentedmovingpictures.

D.Shedidnotspeakloudenough.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

【解析】PassageOne

[9]Whenfacinganewsituation,somepeopletendtorehearsetheirdefeatbyspendingtoomuchtimeanticipatingtheworst.Iremembertalkingwithayounglawyerwhowasabouttobeginherfirstjurytrial.Shewasverynervous.Iaskedwhatimpressionshewantedtomakeonthejury.Shereplied,“Idon’twanttolooktooinexperienced;Idon’twantthemtosuspectthisismyfirsttrial.”Thislawyerhadfallenvictimtothe“don’ts”syndrome—aformofnegativegoalsetting.The“don’ts”canbeself-fulfillingbecauseyourmindrespondstopictures.

[10]ResearchconductedatStanfordUniversityshowsamentalimagefiresthenervoussystemthesamewayasactuallydoingsomething.Thatmeanswhenagolferforetellshimself“Don’thittheballintothewater”,hismindseestheimageoftheballflyingintothewater.Soguesswheretheballwillgo.

Consequently,beforegoingintoanystressfulsituation,[11]focusonlyonwhatyouwanttohavehappen.Iaskedthelawyeragainhowshewantedtoappearatherfirsttrial,andthistimeshesaid,“Iwanttolookprofessionalandself-assured.”Itoldhertocreateapictureofwhatself-assuredwouldlooklike.Toher,itmeantmovingconfidentlyaroundthecourtroom,usingconvincingbodylanguageandprojectinghervoice,soitcouldbeheardfromthejudge’sbenchtothebackdoor.Shealsoimaginedaskillfulclosingargumentandawinningtrial.Afewweeksafterthispositivestressrehearsal,[12]theyounglawyerdidwin.

9.Whatdosomepeopledowhentheyfaceanewsituation?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問當一些人面對一個新的情況時，他們會做什么?錄音開頭提及，在面對全新的情況時，有些人老是預料自己可能會失敗的情形，會花太多時間去想事情最壞的情況。B選項“他們花太多時間去預料失敗的情況”中的theirdefeat是對錄音原文中theworst的替換，與原文表述相符，因此正確。A選項“他們努力避免出師不利”；C選項“他們考慮了太多不相關(guān)的因素”和D選項“他們事先作了周密的準備”在錄音中均沒有信息提及，因此排除。

10.WhatdoestheresearchconductedatStanfordUniversityshow?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問斯坦福大學的研究表明了什么?錄音中提及，一項在斯坦福大學進行的研究表明，大腦想象激發(fā)神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的方式與實際做某事的方式相同，也就是說，“想”和“做”對神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的影響是一樣的，因此C選項正確。A選項“大腦想象經(jīng)常影響運動員的表現(xiàn)”和D選項“人的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)比想象中復雜得多”在錄音中均沒有提及，因此排除；B選項“高爾夫球手通常對自己有積極的大腦想象”與錄音中提到的高爾夫球手的例子剛好相反，因此不正確。

11.Whatadvicedoesthespeakergivetopeopleinastressfulsituation?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問說話者給處于壓力下的人們什么建議?說話者指出：在面對有壓力的情況時，只需集中精神去想你希望發(fā)生的事情。D選項“想象自己成功的畫面”與錄音內(nèi)容表述相符，因此正確。A選項“預見可能出現(xiàn)的問題”；B選項“列出注意事項”在錄音中均未提及；C選項“試著表現(xiàn)得更專業(yè)些”是說話人提及的某位新手律師的情況，并不是對一般人的普遍建議，因此排除。

12.Whatdowelearnaboutthelawyerinthecourt?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問關(guān)于法庭上的律師，我們知道什么？說話者對那位第一次參與陪審團庭審案件的律師說，她只需要在過程中想象自己自信的樣子是怎樣就行了。錄音結(jié)尾提到，這位律師最后贏了那場官司。A選項“她在首次參與的陪審團庭審案件中打贏了官司”與原文表述相符，因此正確。B選項“她穿了設計師禮服”在錄音中沒有信息提及；C選項“她展示了移動的畫面”利用moving設置干擾，實際上錄音原文并沒有提及，因此排除；D選項“她說話的聲音不夠大”，錄音提到，這位律師上庭前想象自己自信的樣子，其中包括在法庭中發(fā)言響亮，可見她后來在庭上發(fā)言時是足夠大聲的，因此D選項不正確。

7.單選題

Intheory,governmentsarefreetosettheirowneconomicpolicies;inpractice,theymustconformtoaglobaleconomicmodelorriskbeing（

）bythemarket.

問題1選項

A.replaced

B.overlooked

C.saturated

D.penalized

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。replace“代替；更換”；overlook“忽略；俯瞰；遠眺；檢查”；saturate“使?jié)裢福皇癸柡汀?；penalize“懲罰”。句意：理論上，政府有制定經(jīng)濟政策的自由；實際上，他們必須遵守國際經(jīng)濟模式或冒險被市場懲罰。選項D符合題意。

8.單選題

LuisFigueroalivesdownthestreetfromUCMerced,thenewestcampusintheUniversityofCaliforniasystem.Soit’snotsurprisingthatthe21yearsoldstudiesfromthecomfortofhisownhome.Buthe’snotenrolledatMerced:fromhisliving-roomcomputer,Figueroaisearninghisbachelor’sdegreeinbusinessadministrationatColumbiaCollegeinMissouri,some2,000milesaway.At$630percourse—about$1,800persemester—hisonlinedegreewillcostfarlessthanevenin-statetuitionatUC.Notonlythat,Figueroaisabletocontinueworkingfulltimeinamanagement-trainingjobwithAT&TinMerced,ajobhefeelsluckytohaveinthecurrenteconomicclimate.“OnceIrealizedIhadtimeconstraints,Iknewthetraditionalclassroomwouldn’twork,”hesays.“Coursesonlineareopen24hoursaday,andI’mabletogothereanytimeIwant.”

Thatconvenienceisoneofthemainreasonsnearly4millionAmericanstudentstookatleastoneonlinecourseinthe2007-2008schoolyear,accordingtoastudybytheSloanFoundation.Thesamestudyfoundthatonlineenrollmentisgrowingataratemorethan10timesthatofthehigher-educationpopulationatlarge—12.9percentvs.1.2percentfortraditionalinseatstudents.NowhereisthegrowthfasterthanamongyoungerstudentslikeFigueroawhoareoptingforonlinelearning,evenwhenthetraditionalclassroomis—inhiscase—rightoutsidethefrontdoor.“Thisisagenerationthatlivesonline,”saysVickyPhillips,founderandCEOofG,aservicethatranksonlinelearninginstitutions.“Everythingisinstant,accelerated,andaccessible,andtheyexpecttheireducationtobethatwaytoo.Forthemthereisnoclearlinebetweenthevirtualworldandtheactualworld.”

Oncetargetedatolder,workingadults,distancelearninghasmovedintotheeducationmainstreamatstunningspeedoverthepastcoupleofyears,astechnologyallowsever-richer,more-interactivelearningexperienceonline—andascollegecostscontinuetoriseandclassroomsarepackedtocapacity.Fortraditionalbrick-and-mortarinstitutions,thathasmeantascrambletoenteralucrativemarketthatusedtobetheexclusiveterritoryoffor-profitinstitutionssuchastheUniversityofPhoenixandKaplanUniversity.Establishedbrand-nameeducators—includingStanford,Cornell,PennState,andMIT,whichhasplaceditsentirecurriculumonlinethroughitsOpenCoursewareprogram—nowofferextensiveonlinelearningoptionsandarecompetingwiththefor-profitsforstudents.“Thestigmaisgone,”saysPhillips.“Onlinelearninghasreachedmassculturalacceptance.It’snolongertheuglystepsisterofthehigher-educationworld.”

Onlineofferingsthesedayscansometimesevensurpasstheclassroomexperience.AaronWalsh,aprofessoratBostonCollegeandaformervideogamedesigner,haspioneeredImmersiveEducation,amethodofteachingthroughvirtualworlds.MeetinginSecondLifeinsteadofaphysicalclassroom,saysWalsh,allowsforsomefeatsthatgravityrendersimpossible,likehavingart-historystudentsflytotheceilingoftheSistineChapelorbiologymajorstotakeaMagicSchoolbus-liketripthroughthehumanbody.Usingvideos,podcasts,livechats,Webcams,andwikis,educatorsincreasinglyseeonlinelearningasawaytoengagethevideogamegenerationwithpedagogythatfeelsmorelikeentertainmentthandrudgery.Studentsinthenewhomeland-securitymaster’sdegreeprogramattheUniversityofConnecticutthisfall,forexample,willhavecourseworkthatresemblesGrandTheftAuto:dwellinginacyber-citycalledSanLuisReyplaguedwithsuicidebombers,biochemicalattacks,andotherdisasters.AtArizonaState,studentsinanIntroductiontoParentingclassraisea“virtualchild”.Theyhavetoposttheprogressoftheironlinechargethroughallthephasesofchildhood.“Theclassesaresomuchmoreinteractive,andIcanlogonwhenI’mmostreadytolearn,”saysJaquelynHolleran,ajuniormajoringinfamilyandhumandevelopmentatASU.“Ilikethatsomuchbetterthanhavingtorushtoclassorsitthroughalecturethat’sboring.”

Asthelargestgenerationsincethebabyboomattendscollegeatatimeofshrinkingbudgetsandsoaringcosts,manyeducatorsbelievethatonlinelearningholdsthegreatestpromiseforexpandingthecapacityoftheU.S.higher-educationsystem.AnddigitalclassroomswillsurelyplayanimportantroleinhelpingtheObamaadministrationpursueitsgoalofraisingthepercentageofcollegegraduatesintheU.S.tofirstintheworldby2020(atleast10othercountriesnowstandintheway).Thesurgeinstudentswithjobsandfamilies,andthoseinthemilitary,hasalsocausedonlineenrollmentstosoar.SarahGerke,anArmyprivatestationedinIraq,keepsupwithhercourseworkatColumbiaCollegeinMissouri,despitetheoccasionalbombing.“EvenifIcouldattendinperson,”shewritesinane-mailfromCampLiberty,“IthinkIwouldstickwithonlineclassesfortheconvenience.”

ForpublicinstitutionssuchastheUniversityofMichiganandtheUniversityofMassachusetts,onlinelearningnotonlyextendstheirbrand,it’sacost-effectivewaytoservemorestudents.AtUMassOnline,enrollmentamongstudentsundertheageof25hasincreased91percentoverthepastthreeyears.AtThomasEdisonStateCollegeinTrenton,N.J.,thatgrowthrateoverthesameperiodismorethan100percent.“Thebestwaytolowerthecostofhighereducationistograduateontime,”saysUMasspresidentJackWilson.“Moreandmoreweseestudentsusingonlinelearningasanaccelerator,awaytomovemorequicklythroughtheirundergraduateprogram.”

1.ThestudybytheSloanFoundationshowsthat______.

2.AccordingtoPhilips,whatwastheattitudeofpeopletowardsonlinelearning?

3.ByImmersiveEducationmethod,studentscan______.

4.IfyoutakeacourseatUMassOnline,______.

5.Comparedwiththetraditionalform,onlineeducationhasalltheadvantagesEXCEPT______.

問題1選項

A.about4millionAmericanstudentstookonlinecoursesinthe2007-2008schoolyear

B.theonlineenrollmentisgrowingatarateofmorethan10timesperyear

C.theratiooftraditionalinseatandonlineenrollmentgrowthrateis12.9to1.2

D.thebiggestreasonthatsomanypeopletakeonlinecoursesisitsconvenience

問題2選項

A.It’saconvenientwayoflearning.

B.It’sacost-effectivewayoflearning.

C.It’sabad-reputedwayoflearning.

D.It’sanexcellentwayoflearning.

問題3選項

A.enjoysomefeatsinphysicalclassroomthatgravityrendersimpossible

B.gotoacityplaguedwithsuicidebombers,biochemicalattacksandsoon

C.learnhowtobeaparentbyraisinganadoptedchildthroughInternet

D.haveasimulatedtripthroughthehumanbodyinfrontofacomputer

問題4選項

A.you’llgetaspecialdegreedifferentfromcampus-goingcounterparts’

B.youcanspendashortertimetogetadegreethangoingtocampus

C.you’llreceivehigherstandardizedcurriculathantraditionaleducation

D.youcanacceptclasscounselingfromteachersatanytimeyouwant

問題5選項

A.onlinedegreecostsalotlessthanin-classeducation

B.onlineeducationhasmanyconveniences

C.onlineeducationisfarmoreinterestingthantraditionalformofeducation

D.onlineeducationprovidescolorfulactivitieswhichgreatlyenhancesociallife

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段“Thatconvenienceisoneofthemainreasonsnearly4millionAmericanstudentstookatleastoneonlinecourseinthe2007-2008schoolyear,accordingtoastudybytheSloanFoundation.（根據(jù)斯隆基金會的一項研究，這種便利性是2007-2008學年近400萬美國學生至少選修一門在線課程的主要原因之一。）”，由此可知該項研究主要說明了線上學習的便捷性，因此D選項“很多人選擇在線課程的最大原因是它的方便”符合題意。A選項“在2007-2008學年，大約有400萬美國學生參加了在線課程”、B選項“網(wǎng)上報名正以每年10倍以上的速度增長”以及C選項“傳統(tǒng)的座位上課方式和網(wǎng)上招生增長率之比為12.9:1.2”說法都正確，但都是該研究的內(nèi)容，其主要目的還是說明線上課程的便捷性，因此D選項正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Thestigmaisgone…Onlinelearninghasreachedmassculturalacceptance.It’snolongertheuglystepsisterofthehigher-educationworld.（壞名聲的時代已經(jīng)過去了。在線學習已為大眾文化所接受。它再也不是高等教育世界里丑陋的后來者了?！笨赏茢喑觯郧叭藗冋J為在線學習是不可取的，C選項“這是一種普遍認為很差的學習方法”符合題意。A選項“這是一種方便的學習方式”；B選項“這是一種經(jīng)濟有效的學習方式”；D選項“這是一種很好的學習方式”都與題干不符，因此C選項正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第四段“AaronWalsh,aprofessoratBostonCollegeandaformervideogamedesigner,haspioneeredImmersiveEducation,amethodofteachingthroughvirtualworlds.（波士頓學院教授、前電子游戲設計師亞倫?沃爾什首創(chuàng)了沉浸式教育，這是一種通過虛擬世界進行教學的方法。）”，下文舉例進行說明，其中提到“l(fā)ikehavingart-historystudentsflytotheceilingoftheSistineChapelorbiologymajorstotakeaMagicSchoolbus-liketripthroughthehumanbody.（比如讓藝術(shù)史學生飛到西斯廷教堂的天花板上，或者讓生物專業(yè)的學生乘坐魔法學校的巴士進行人體內(nèi)的旅行。）”，由此可推斷出D選項“在電腦前模擬人體旅行”符合浸入式教育的虛擬環(huán)境，所以正確。A選項“在物理教室里享受一些重力使其不可能實現(xiàn)的壯舉”；B選項“去一個有自殺式炸彈襲擊，生化攻擊等的城市”以及C選項“通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)學習如何撫養(yǎng)一個被收養(yǎng)的孩子”都不符合浸入式教育的虛擬環(huán)境條件，因此D選項正確。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章最后一段“Moreandmoreweseestudentsusingonlinelearningasanaccelerator,awaytomovemorequicklythroughtheirundergraduateprogram.（我們越來越多地看到學生將在線學習作為一種加速器，一種更快地完成本科課程的方式。）”，由此可知在麻省大學，學生可以通過線上學習提前完成自己的本科學業(yè)，因此B選項“你可以花比去校園更短的時間獲得學位”符合題意。A選項“你將獲得一個不同于在校同學的特殊學位”；C選項“你將接受比傳統(tǒng)教育更高的標準化課程”；D選項“你可以隨時接受老師的輔導”都與原文內(nèi)容不符，因此B選項正確。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第一段“At$630percourse—about$1,800persemester—hisonlinedegreewillcostfarlessthanevenin-statetuitionatUC.（每門課程630美元——大約每學期1800美元——他的在線學位甚至比加州大學的州內(nèi)學費還要便宜得多。）”可知A選項“在線學位的花費比課堂教育要少得多”正確；根據(jù)第二段“Thatconvenienceisoneofthemainreasonsnearly4millionAmericanstudentstookatleastoneonlinecourseinthe2007-2008schoolyear,accordingtoastudybytheSloanFoundation.（根據(jù)斯隆基金會的一項研究，這種便利性是2007-2008學年近400萬美國學生至少選修一門在線課程的主要原因之一。）”可知B選項“在線教育有很多便利”正確；根據(jù)文章第四段“AaronWalsh,aprofessoratBostonCollegeandaformervideogamedesigner,haspioneeredImmersiveEducation,amethodofteachingthroughvirtualworlds.（波士頓學院教授、前電子游戲設計師亞倫?沃爾什首創(chuàng)了沉浸式教育，這是一種通過虛擬世界進行教學的方法。）”可知C選項“在線教育比傳統(tǒng)教育形式更有趣”正確；D選項“在線教育提供了豐富多彩的活動，極大地提高了社會生活”文章沒有提到，因此該題應選D選項。

9.單選題

The352kilometer-longThamesisthelongestriverinEngland.ItisalittlerivercomparedtheNile,Amazon,orMississippi.Yet,theThameshasbeenuniqueinshapingthehistoryofEngland.

WhentheNormansconqueredEngland,therewereonlymarshybanksalongtheThames.Likethepeoplewhohadbeenlivingalongtheriver,theyusedtheThamesashighwayandbuiltthecityLondiniumonitsnorthbank.

TodaytheThamesmeansdifferentthingstodifferentpeople.Itis,forexample,a“sportingriver”torowers,butaworkingriverformenofcommerce.AndpaintersandwritersregardtheThamesasasourceofinspiration.

WhilebeingagreatbenefittoLondonandLondoners,theThamescapbeadangerousenemy.Chiefamongitsdangersisflooding.Topreventtheriverfromflooding,theworld’slargestmovablefloodbarrierwasbuiltin1972.Thebarrier’sgatescanstandeighteenmetersabovetheriver’ssurfacewhenafloodstrikes.

Rightnowlargeofficebuildings,skyscrapersandartandrecreationcomplexesarerisingtochangetheskylineofLondon.TheThameshasneverceasedtodevelop,anditwillcontinuetoplayanimportantpartinthelifeofLondoners.

1.TheauthordoesnotsaythattheThamesisagreatbenefitto（

）.

2.TheThamesis

（

）

theNile,Amazon,orMississippi.

3.TopreventtheThamesfromflooding,theLondonersbuilt

（

）.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementssupportstheideathattheThamesisofgreatimportancetothelifeofLondoners?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue?

問題1選項

A.rowers

B.businessmen

C.writers

D.farmers

問題2選項

A.longerthan

B.aslongal

C.shorterthan

D.notshorterthan

問題3選項

A.hydraulicmachines

B.amovablefloodbarrier

C.asteelgatebetweenconcretepiers

D.athickstonewellintheriver

問題4選項

A.TheThamesmeansdifferentthingstoDifferentpeople

B.TheThamesgivesstrengthtomanygreatpaintersandwriters

C.TheThamesmirrorstheebbandflowofLondon

D.TheThamesisthelongestriverinEngland

問題5選項

A.TheThamesusedtobedeveloped

B.TheThamesfloodssometimes

C.TheNormansbuiltthecityLondinium

D.PaintersdrawtheirinspirationfromtheThames

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)判斷題。文章關(guān)于泰晤士河給哪些人帶來利益的描述在第三段:Itis,forexample,a“sportingriver”torowers,butaworkingriverformenofcommerce.AndpaintersandwritersregardtheThamesasasourceofinspiration(例如，對于劃手來說，這是一條“運動之河”，但對于商業(yè)人士來說，這是一條工作之河。畫家和作家認為泰晤士河是靈感的源泉)。因此四個選項中,泰晤士沒有帶來利益的是D項“農(nóng)民”。

2.判斷推理題。第一段將泰晤士河,尼羅河,亞馬遜河和密西西比河做了比較:itisalittlerivercomparedtheNile,Amazon,orMississippi(對比尼羅河,亞馬遜河和密西西比河,泰晤士河只能算作一條小河流)。由此推斷泰晤士河短一些。故選C項。

3.細節(jié)事實題。文中第四段提到“topreventtheriverfromflooding,theworld'slargestmovablefloodbarrierwasbuiltin1972”，可知為了防止洪水的爆發(fā)，1972年建立了世界上最大的移動式防洪屏障。答案為B。

4.主旨大意題。文章第二段講了泰晤士河見證了倫敦的衰落，文中最后一段講了現(xiàn)在倫敦建立了高樓大廈以及倫敦的變化，可見泰晤士河見證了倫敦的衰落。C項“泰晤士河見證了倫敦的起伏”比較能概括全文

5.細節(jié)事實題。四個選項為:A:泰晤士河曾經(jīng)是繁榮的,錯誤,第二段說泰晤士河以前旁邊只有沼澤河岸。

10.單選題

TheGermanGovernment’slong-plannedreturntoitshistoriccapitalisinfull______thissummer,almost10yearsafterthefalloftheBerlinWall.

問題1選項

A.gear

B.speed

C.rate

D.move

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項gear“齒輪；（特定用途的）器械”；B選項speed“（發(fā)生或進行的）速度，進度”，fullspeed“全速（或全力）向前”；C選項rate“速度；比率”；D選項move“行動”。句意：在柏林墻倒塌近10年后的今年夏天，德國政府計劃已久的重返歷史上的首都的計劃______。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是全力推動計劃，結(jié)合詞組fullspeed“全速（或全力）向前”，B選項speed“（發(fā)生或進行的）速度，進度”符合題意。因此B選項正確。

11.單選題

Inasocietywhereallaspectsofourlivesaredictatedbyscientificadvancesintechnology,scienceistheessenceofourexistence.Withoutthevastadvancesmadebychemists,physicists,biologist,geologist,andotherdiligentscientists,ourstandardsoflivingwoulddecline,ourflourishing,wealthynationmightcometoaneconomicdepression,andourpeoplewouldsufferprovidedbyscience,yetourliveswouldbealteredinterminablywithoutthem.

Healthcare,oneoftheaspectsofoursocietythatseparatesusfromourarchaicancestors,isfoundedexclusivelyonscientificdiscoveriesandadvances.Withoutthevaccinescreatedbydoctors,diseasesuchaspoliomeasles,hepatitis,andthefluwouldposeathreattoourcitizens,foralthoughsomeofthesediseasemaynotbedeadly,theirsideeffectscanbeavastdetrimenttoanindividualaffectedwiththedisease.

Inaddition,sciencehasdevelopedperhapsthemostawe-inspiring,vitalinventioninthehistoryoftheworld,thecomputer.Withoutthepresenceofthismachine,ourworldcouldexist,buttheconveniencebroughtintolifebythecomputerareunparalleled.

Despitethegreatnessofpresent-dayinnovatorsandscientistsandtheirrevelations,itisrequisitetoexaminetheamenitiesofsciencethatourculturesoblatantlydisregards.Forinstance,thelightbulb,electricity,thetelephone,runningwater,andtheautomobilearepresent-daystaplesofoursociety;however,theywerenotpresentuntilscientistsdiscoveredthem.

Becauseofthecontributionofscientist,ourworldisevermetamorphosing,andthismetamorphosiseconomicallyandpersonallycompriseoursociety,whetheroursocietyiscognizantofthisornot.

1.Inthefirstparagraphtheauthorimpliesthatwe（）.

2.Theauthoruseshealthcareandvaccinestoillustrate（）.

3.Nothing，accordingtotheauthor,canmatchtheinventionofthecomputerintermof（）.

4.Theauthorseemstobeunhappyabout（）.

5.Theauthor’stoneinthepassageis（）.

問題1選項

A.wouldnotsurvivewithoutscience

B.taketheamenitiesofscienceforgranted

C.couldhaveraisedthestandardsoflivingwithscience

D.wouldbefreeofdiseasebecauseofscientificadvances

問題2選項

A.howscience