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2021-2022學(xué)年甘肅省武威市成考專升本英語自考真題(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________
一、單選題(20題)1._____cryingsadly,heraisedhisheadandlettearsstreamdownhisfaceonpurposeA.TobeseenB.SeeingC.ToseeD.Havingseen
2.Icanneverforget______thefamousactressduringhervisittoourschool.
A.havingbeenmetB.tomeetC.tohavemetD.meeting
3.—Oh,Mary!YoushoulddoyourworkinsteadofsittingherewatchingTV.—______.
A.That'snotaverygoodidea.
B.TVproducesgoodinfluenceonchildren.
C.Whatmakesyousaythat?
D.YousaidTVwaseducational.
4.Thankyouforthe______youdidme.tomovethesofaupstairs.
A.favorB.goodC.helpD.kindness
5.Janehasbrownhair,infact,it'squitesimilarinshade______yours.
A.asB.withC.likeD.to
6.Sobadly______inthecaraccidentthathehadtostayinhospitalforseveralweeks.
A.didheinjureB.heinjureC.washeinjuredD.hewasinjured
7.Iwonderhowmuch______.
A.thatcarwasB.wasthatcarC.isthatcarD.thatcaris
8._______manytimes,hefinallyunderstoodtheproblem.
A.ToldB.TellingC.HavingtoldD.Havingbeentold
9.Tomwasabouttoclosethewindows_______hisattentionwascaughtbyabirdA.whenB.suddenlyC.andD.till
10.Thesearchwas_______whennightcame,eventhoughthechildhadnotbeenfoundA.approvedB.acquiredC.achievedD.abandoned
11.Afterallthistimeyou‘dthinkhe‘dhaveforgotten,________?
A.shouldyouB.wouldn"tyouC.don"tyouD.doyou
12.Finallyhegottimeforaglance______thisreport.
A.offB.roundC.onD.at
13.Sometimeschildrenhavetrouble______factfromfictionandmaybelievethatsuchthingsactuallyexist.
A.toseparateB.separatingC.forseparatingD.ofseparating
14.Inoticedhiseyes______,becausetheywereverylarge.
A.inparticularB.withparticularC.inspecialD.withspecial
15.Iwonderedwhatdifficultyhehad_________theplan?
A.tocarryout
B.carryingout
C.carriedout
D.withcarryingout
16.Noconclusionhasbeen______yet.
A.achievedB.reachedC.attainedD.arrived
17.Newtypewriterscostabout________priceofthesecond—handones.
A.threetimesthe
B.athreetimes
C.thethreetimes
D.threetimesa
18.—ThisismynewdogHisnameisWisdom—That'sinterestingWhy______didyougivehimsuchaname?
A.intheearthB.inworldC.onearthD.ontheworld
19.Hishandwritingis______yours.
A.morebetterB.aswellasC.muchbetterthanD.asbetteras
20.12.Itwasthetraining_______hehadatschool_______madehimagoodjumper.
A.what;whatB.that;thatC.what;thatD.that;had
二、翻譯(10題)21.ThetraditionalAmericanThanksgivingDaycelebrationgoesbackto1621.
22.Eventhebusiestgovernmentofficialorexecutivealwaystakesextratimetobepoliteandofferrefreshments(茶點(diǎn)).
23.他們很忙,只是偶爾去看戲。
24.Sincethebeginningofthe1990s,Shanghaihasundergonegreatchangesandhastakenonanewlook.
25.Tocontroltheincreasingnumberoftrafficaccidents,thenewsafetyregulationwillbeputintoeffectnextmonth.
26.Wehavealreadyfinishedourwork,soaholidayforusthisyearisoutofquestion.
27.Therearesomescientistswhohavemadeaspecialstudyofwhywedream,whatwedreamandwhatthosedreamsmean.
28.MostpeoplewereinfavorofgoingtoShanghaiwhentheywerediscussingwheretospendtheirholidays.
29.Wouldyoupleasetellusthequantityyourequireinordertoenableustoworkouttheoffer?
30.SectionB
Directions:TranslatethefollowingChineseintoEnglish.
(英語專業(yè)學(xué)生做)
Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassageinChinese.ReaditcarefullyandputitintoEnglish.
身體健康的人不愿意去想死亡的事,死亡是我們希望避免的話題。但是死亡是普遍的人生經(jīng)歷,是人人都要面臨的少數(shù)必然之一。理智的人對必然的死亡預(yù)作計(jì)劃,從容對待;只有愚蠢的人不能正視現(xiàn)實(shí),希望用某種方法逃脫死亡。人壽保險(xiǎn)對必然的死亡提供理智的安排。只要對自己的死亡能夠直面對待的人才能充分理解人壽保險(xiǎn)的必要性。人壽保險(xiǎn)公司充分認(rèn)識到了人民對死亡的負(fù)面印象,為此,他們對保險(xiǎn)代理商進(jìn)行培訓(xùn)時(shí),要求他們在推銷中避免使用直率的語言,而努力以恰當(dāng)?shù)姆绞阶尶蛻魝円庾R到:人終究會(huì)死,人人都會(huì)面臨死亡,必須要客觀地接受自己的比如死亡才能在經(jīng)濟(jì)上為此做好充分的準(zhǔn)備。
三、書面表達(dá)(10題)31.假設(shè)你在上班的路上(或公交車上)發(fā)現(xiàn)小偷正在偷別人的錢。描寫這個(gè)過程。內(nèi)容包括:
(1)何時(shí)、何地。
(2)過程。
(3)你的感受(或作法、建議等)。
32.Ⅵ.Writing(25points)Directions:Forthispart,youaresupposedtowritealetterof100—120wordsbasedonthefollowingsituation.Remembertowriteitclearly.61.你是劉吉,工作是辦公室職員,寫封信給一位俱樂部的經(jīng)理,內(nèi)容包括:(1)最近很容易感到疲勞。工作十分緊張(如接待來訪者、為總經(jīng)理起草報(bào)告、歸檔各類文件);(2)希望成為該俱樂部的一員,參加那里的活動(dòng);(3)你的嗜好和興趣(如讀書、唱歌、烹飪);(4)希望他能給你提供更多的信息(如加入俱樂部的費(fèi)用、俱樂部的一般活動(dòng)時(shí)間和活動(dòng)內(nèi)容)。
33.假定你是中國文化知識大賽組委員會(huì)主席李華,寫信祝賀參賽選手JohnSmith獲得本次
大賽一等獎(jiǎng),并通知其以下事項(xiàng):
1.出席12月10日晚在北京友誼賓館舉行的慶祝晚會(huì)。2.贏得了免費(fèi)中國10Et游。
3.如果能夠參加旅游,應(yīng)將信中所附表格填好,并準(zhǔn)備好護(hù)照(passport)。組委會(huì)將負(fù)責(zé)
其他相關(guān)事宜。
注音.詞數(shù)為100左右
October17th,2012
DearMr.JohnSmith,
Sincerelyyours,
LiHuaChair
CommitteeoftheChineseCultureContest
34.Ⅵ.Writing(25points)Directions:Forthispart,youaresupposedtowriteacompositionin100--120wordsbasedonthefollowingsituation.Remembertowriteitclearly.61.一組外國人原打算在我市參觀期間去你??匆豢?,但因臨時(shí)有事不能去,請對你校布局予以介紹。注意:(1)敘述要有條理,方位清楚,要用一些方位詞。(2)題目:OurSchoolYard(3)在文中要提到教學(xué)樓,辦公樓,試驗(yàn)室,電教中心,圖書館,宿舍,食堂,操場等等。
35.假如你叫李昕,你在昨天的中國日報(bào)上看到一則招聘秘書的廣告。寫一封信應(yīng)聘,介紹你的情況。字?jǐn)?shù):100左右;1.22歲;高中畢業(yè)。2.在職業(yè)學(xué)校(businessschool)學(xué)習(xí)兩年。3.學(xué)習(xí)酒店管理(hotelkeeping)、打字和公關(guān)(publicrelations)。4.擅長電腦和英語聽說。
36.你(LiYuan)剛買了一塊表,但你不滿意,因?yàn)樗傆忻 懸环馔对V信,其內(nèi)容如下:
(1)買表的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn);
(2)出現(xiàn)的問題;
(3)要求退貨。
37.你不慎將手機(jī)丟失。請寫--N尋物啟事,內(nèi)容大致包括以下方面:
(1)你的手機(jī)的品牌和外觀(如顏色、形狀等)。
(2)丟失的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)。
(3)手機(jī)對你的重要性。
(4)希望拾到的人將手機(jī)送還。
(5)表示感謝,并提供你的聯(lián)系方式(LiYuan,Tel:66778899)。
38.假定你是Helen,要寫一封信給Julie,對她和她的丈夫昨日請你和你丈夫吃飯表示感謝,表示要回請他們,以答謝他們的盛情款待。
39.寫一篇有關(guān)壓力的文章。內(nèi)容包括:
(1)壓力是什么?
(2)減壓的辦法。
40.根據(jù)提示寫一份舉行隔周一次的英語晚會(huì)(every—other.weekEnglishevening)的書面通知。提示:
1.時(shí)間:ll月24日,周六晚上7點(diǎn)。
2.地點(diǎn):2號教學(xué)樓的報(bào)告廳(1ectureroom)。
3.內(nèi)容:歌曲、朗誦(recitation)、舞蹈、話劇等,還有美籍教師演講。
4.目的:提高學(xué)生英語聽說能力。
5.報(bào)名地點(diǎn):辦公樓203室,學(xué)生會(huì)(Students’Union)。
注意:
1.要點(diǎn)不得遺漏。
2.符合書面通知的格式。
3.詞數(shù)為100左右。
四、翻譯(20題)41.Atthesametime,however,ourfingerswillgrowmoresensitivebecausetheyareusedagreatdealinmodernlife.
42.ThisistocertifythatMr.TomSmithhasbeenundertakingresearchworkoncomputersciencehereasavisitingscholarinourdepartmentfromOctober2009toOctober2010.
43.Eventhebusiestgovernmentofficialorexecutivealwaystakesextratimetobepoliteandofferrefreshments(茶點(diǎn)).
44.Asfarasthemethoditselfisconcerned,itisworthtrying.______________________________________________________________________________
45.SectionB
Directions:TranslatethefollowingChineseintoEnglish.
(英語專業(yè)學(xué)生做)
Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassageinChinese.ReaditcarefullyandputitintoEnglish.
人生不是上帝為譴責(zé)我們的缺陷而給我們布下的陷阱。人生也不是一場拼寫比賽,不管你拼出多少單詞,一旦出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤,就會(huì)前功盡棄。人生更像是一個(gè)棒球賽季,即使最好的球隊(duì)也會(huì)輸?shù)羧种坏谋荣悾幢阕畈畹那蜿?duì)也有春風(fēng)得意的日子。我們的目標(biāo)就是多贏少輸。當(dāng)我們能夠接受不完整是人性的一部分這個(gè)事實(shí)時(shí),當(dāng)我們的人生不斷滾動(dòng)并能欣賞其價(jià)值時(shí),我們就會(huì)獲得其他人僅渴望的完整人生。我相信這就是上帝對我們的要求:不求“完美”,不求“永不犯錯(cuò)”,而是求得人生的完整。
46.Agreatdealofresearchhasbeenperformedonthisquestion,andresultspointstothefollowinganswer:weperformthistaskthroughaspecialtypeofaveraging.
47.Heonceagainintroducedtoushisgreatknowledge,experienceandwisdom.
48.Thisreportsummedupthenewachievementsmadeinoureconomy,cultureandeducation.
49.董事長以公司的名義宣布了這項(xiàng)決定.
50.Whileitcannotbescientificallyproven(ordisproved,forthatmatter.thatglobalwarmingcausedanyparticularextremeevent,wecansaythatglobalwarmingverylikelymakesmanykindsofextremeweatherbothmorefrequentandmoresevere.
51.他們堅(jiān)信只有通過刻苦和努力,人們才能完善自己并為自己贏得更加美好的未來。
52.Suchcrashesarethesecond-leadingcauseofdeathformigratingbirds,afterhabitat(棲息地loss,withanestimatednumberofdeathranginguptoabillionayear.
53.ThispapercoversthedevelopmentofthedistributionsysteminthesouthwestofEnglandfromnationalizationuptothepresenttime.
54.我已盡了我最大的努力,因此如果我失敗,我并不覺得有什么羞恥的。
55.Onlywhenwegivefullplaytoman'sinitiativecanwemakefulluseofmachinestotransfernature.
56.她努力工作,以便8點(diǎn)能把一切都準(zhǔn)備好。
57.這位園丁警告我不要在中午給花澆水。____________________________________________________________________________
58.Grandmatookitforgrantedthatfoodpriceswouldrise,sosheboughtalotofrice.
59.Americans,valuingcompetition,havedevisedaneconomicsystemtogowithit–freeenterprise(自由企業(yè)制).
60.我認(rèn)為本計(jì)劃的長遠(yuǎn)利益能夠大大改變地球上每個(gè)人的生活狀況。
五、閱讀理解(5題)61.Whenyouhaveabankaccount,you______.
A.mustalwaysbeincredit
B.can'tdrawanymoneyifyou'reoverdrawn
C.candrawmoneywithoutnotice
D.can'tpaymoneytoanyoneelse
62.Whenanicon(偶像)lastsformorethanacentury,thereisareason.Butwhatisitabouttheteddybearthatmakesitalastingsymbolinoursociety?Trendsexpertssaythatwhenaniconisrootedinreality,whenpeoplegrowtoloveit,andwhenitrepresentssomethinglarger,ittendstolast.
America'saffairwiththeteddybearbeganinthefallof1902whenthen-PresidentTheodoreRooseveltwentonabearhuntingtripintheSouth.Hehadnolucktillthefifthdaywhenhespottedabearandraisedhisrifletoshoot--thenlowereditwhenhesawababybearinthelineoffire,eatinghoneyfromitspaws.Rooseveltisreputedtohavesaid,"Idon'tshootbabybears."AnotherstoryhasRooseveltrefusingtoshootawoundedbear.
WashingtonPostcartoonistCliffordBerrymandepictedthebearincidentsandbeganusingbearsinmanypoliticalcartoonsonmanysubjects.Soontoyandnoveltymakersstartedcreatingthebearsinawidevarietyofstyles.QuicklytheRooseveltbearandtheTeddybearbecametheteddybear--andeveryonehadone.Apresident'shuntingtripbecamethecatalyst(催化劑)foranindustrythatspanstheWesternworld.Today,anestimated2.5millionAmericanscollectteddybears.
"Peopletendtoanthropomorphize(把......比擬作人)teddybears,"saystrendsexpertMaritaWesely-Clough."Bearsseemtohaveapersonalitythatissafe,comfortingandcuddly(值得摟抱的).Littleboysareallowedtoloveandcuddlebears,wheretheyhavebeenculturallyconditionednottoplaywithdolls.Childrentendtokeeptheirteddybears,andiftheydon't,theirmothersdo."
Theteddybearisasocial/culturallevelerthatpassesnationalandeconomicboundaries.Theteddybeariconwon'tdiminishorgoawaybecauseitrepresentslovingfriendship,care,andcomfortIafeelingofhomeawayfromhome,saysWesely-Clough.
"Theteddybearisasociallyacceptablesecurityblanketthattranscendsgender,ageandnationality,"shesays.
Peopleimaginethatteddybearsinhabitanidealizedworldwithoutdangerormeannesstowhichwewouldliketoescape,especiallyduringtenseorstressfultimes.
"Bearsarepopularongreetingcardsnotonlybecausetheyarefamiliarandfriendly,butalsobecausepeoplecanexpressthroughteddybearswhattheymightnotbeabletosayforthemselves,"Wesely-Cloughsays.
Oncardsforchildren,forpoliticalstatements,forexpressingloneliness,theteddybearhasbeentherefornearlyninedecadesofgreetingcards--harmless,safeandfamiliar.
Accordingtotheauthor,whycanteddybearsbecomealastingsymbol?
A.Becausetheyremindpeopleofthethen-PresidentRoosevelt.
B.Becausetheyareespeciallylowedbyboys.
C.Becausetheyrepresentlove,careandcomfort.
D.Becausetheyareharmless,safeandcute.
63.Thepassageisabout_______.
A.theoriginoftipping
B.thepracticeoftippinginU.S
C.thepopularityoftipping
D.theshapingofthetippingsystem
64.根據(jù)以下資料,回答9~12題。
Somepeopledonotlikeanythingtobeoutofplace;theyareneverlateforwork;theyreturntheirbooksontimetothelibrary;theyrememberpeople'sbirthdays;andtheypaytheirbillsassoonastheyarrive.Mr.Hillissuchaman.
Mr.Hillworksinabank,andlivesalone.Theonlyfamilyhehasisinthenexttown:hissisterlivestherewithherhusband,andherson,Jack.Mr.Hilldoesnotseehissister,orherfamily,fromoneyeartothenext,buthesendsthemChristmascards,andhehasnotforgottenoneofJack'sseventeenbirthdays.
LastweekMr.Hillhadquiteasurprise.Hedrovehomefromthebankattheusualtime,drivingneithertooslowlynortoofast;heparkedhiscarwherehealwaysparkedit,outofthewayofothercars,andhewentinsidetomakehiseveningmeal.Justthen,therewasaknockatthedoor.Heopenedthedoor,tofindapolicemanstandingonthedoor-step.
"WhathaveIdonewrong?"Mr.Hillaskedhimself."HaveIdrivenonthewrongsideoftheroad?Hastherebeensometroubleatthebank?HaveIforgottentopayanimportantbill?"
"Hello,Uncle,"saidthepoliceman,"MynameisJack."
Mr.Hill__.
A.worksinabankbyhimself
B.livesinabankandworksbyhimself
C.livesbyhimselfandworksinabank
D.livesinabankbyhimself
65.
Afterachildgrowsup,he
A.willhavelittletimeplaying
B.hastobesuccessfulinfindingajob
C.canstillaskforhelpintimeoftrouble
D.shouldbeabletotakecareofhimself
六、作文(1題)66.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic"HowIFi-nanceMyCollegeEducation".Youshouldwriteatleast120words,andbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinegiveninChinesebelow:1.上大學(xué)的費(fèi)用(tuitionandfees).可以通過多種途徑解決;2.哪種途徑適合于我(說明理由)。
參考答案
1.A
2.D解析:forgetdoingsth.忘了已做過某事。注意區(qū)別forgettodosth。忘了而沒有做某事。
3.D解析:上句責(zé)備瑪麗應(yīng)該做作業(yè)而不是坐到那兒看電視,下句是瑪麗對媽媽責(zé)備的一種辯解:“你說過電視是有教育意義的?!彼訢項(xiàng)正確。
4.A解析:favor:幫助,一般用domeafavor;good:好處;help不與do搭配:kindness:善良。故選A。
5.D
6.C解析:副詞so置于句首,句子應(yīng)該用倒裝語序,某人受傷用sb.beinjured來表示,故答案為C。
7.D解析:從句中的問句主謂不倒裝。從句的時(shí)態(tài)隨主句。我想知道那輛車的價(jià)格。
8.D
9.A
10.D
11.B考查反義疑問句。原句應(yīng)是:youwouldthinkhehadhaveforgotten…反義疑問句的規(guī)則是陳述部分是肯定式,疑問部分應(yīng)是否定式。Wouldthink表示推測,疑問部分也應(yīng)選擇would。選項(xiàng)B是正確的?!揪渥哟笠狻磕汶y道還認(rèn)為他已經(jīng)忘掉了,是嗎?
12.D
13.B解析:本題考查固定搭配。havetrouble(in)doingsth.“做某事有困難”。句意為:有時(shí)孩子們在分清故事和現(xiàn)實(shí)方面會(huì)有困難,相信故事中的事確實(shí)存在。
14.Ainparticular是固定搭配,意為“特別地”。
15.B
16.B解析:本題考查固定搭配的用法。當(dāng)否定詞位于句前時(shí),得出結(jié)論應(yīng)用reach/achievein/arriveatconclusion,故選B。
17.A【句子大意】新打字機(jī)的價(jià)格是二手貨的三倍。
18.C
19.C解析:much用在句中修飾比較級better。
20.B
21.傳統(tǒng)的美國感恩節(jié)慶?;顒?dòng)可追溯到1621年。傳統(tǒng)的美國感恩節(jié)慶?;顒?dòng)可追溯到1621年。
22.即使是最繁忙的行政官員或企業(yè)的主管總是會(huì)抽出點(diǎn)額外的時(shí)間為客人提供茶點(diǎn)以示禮貌。
23.Theyaresobusythattheygotothetheatreonlyonceinawhile.
24.自20世紀(jì)90年代以來上海發(fā)生了巨大的變化面貌煥然一新。自20世紀(jì)90年代以來,上海發(fā)生了巨大的變化,面貌煥然一新。
25.為遏制日益上升的交通事故,這部新的安全法規(guī)將于下月實(shí)施.putintoeffect:實(shí)施生效law
26.我們已經(jīng)完成了工作任務(wù)所以今年休假是毫無疑問了。我們已經(jīng)完成了工作任務(wù),所以今年休假是毫無疑問了。
27.有些科學(xué)家對人為什么要做夢夢見什么和夢意味著什么做了專門的研究。有些科學(xué)家對人為什么要做夢,夢見什么和夢意味著什么做了專門的研究。
28.在討論暑假里去哪里度假的時(shí)候大多數(shù)人贊成去上海。在討論暑假里去哪里度假的時(shí)候,大多數(shù)人贊成去上海。
29.為了便于報(bào)價(jià)能否請您告知貴方所需數(shù)量?為了便于報(bào)價(jià),能否請您告知貴方所需數(shù)量?
30.Healthypeopledonotlookforwardtodeath:itisasubjectwealltendtoavoid.Butitisauniversalexperience.Itisoneofthefewcertaintiesfacedbyallhumans.Rationalmaindsplantodealwithsuchcertaimties.Onlyfoolshidetheirheadsinthesandinthehopethatsomehowdeathwillavoidthem.Lifeinsuranceisarationalandobjectivewayofplanningforthecertaintyofdeathanditisnotuntilyoucanfacethecertaintyofyourowndeaththatyoucanfullyunderstandtheneedforlifeinsurance.Lifeinsurancecompaniesrealizethatdeathanddyingleavenegativeimpressions.Agentsaretrainedtoavoidthetheuseofplainlanguageinsalespresentations.Andinproperlanguagetrytomakeclentsawarethat:eventuallyyouwilldie.Eachhumanbeingfacesdeath.Youhavetobeobjectiveenoughtoacceptthecertaintyofyourowndeathbeforeyoucanadequatelyprepareforitfinancially.Healthypeopledonotlookforwardtodeath:itisasubjectwealltendtoavoid.Butitisauniversalexperience.Itisoneofthefewcertaintiesfacedbyallhumans.Rationalmaindsplantodealwithsuchcertaimties.Onlyfoolshidetheirheadsinthesandinthehopethatsomehowdeathwillavoidthem.Lifeinsuranceisarationalandobjectivewayofplanningforthecertaintyofdeath,anditisnotuntilyoucanfacethecertaintyofyourowndeaththatyoucanfullyunderstandtheneedforlifeinsurance.Lifeinsurancecompaniesrealizethatdeathanddyingleavenegativeimpressions.Agentsaretrainedtoavoidthetheuseofplainlanguageinsalespresentations.Andinproperlanguage,trytomakeclentsawarethat:eventually,youwilldie.Eachhumanbeingfacesdeath.Youhavetobeobjectiveenoughtoacceptthecertaintyofyourowndeathbeforeyoucanadequatelyprepareforitfinancially.
31.OneMondaymorningaroundeighto'clockinthebusonmywaytothecompany,Iwasenjoyingmybreakfastwhilereadinganewspaper.
Afterawhile,IraisedmyeyesandtriedtoseewherethebuswasandthenIhappenedtoseeayoungmanstrangelystickingtogetherwithalady.Ifeltcuriousandcouldn'thelplookingathimagain.SuddenlyIrealizedthathewasstealing!Attheverymoment,twomenrushedtohimandgraspedhishandwithapurseinit.Itwastoofastformostofustoseewhatwashappening.Thebusdrivertoldustheywerepolicemenaftertheygotoffthebus.
Whenwilltherebenoneedforpolicemeninthebusforsuchathing?
32.Ⅵ.Writing2006年末最新頒布的《全國各類成人高等學(xué)校招生復(fù)習(xí)考試大綱(??破瘘c(diǎn)升本科)》對英語短文寫作(第六部分)的要求為:一個(gè)小題,滿分25分,要求考生根據(jù)所給題目或提出的條件(即情景)寫出一篇100~120問的短文。同時(shí)還要求,在短文寫作中,要考慮“文章的特定文體格式”?!案鶕?jù)所給題目或提出的條件”可意指英語命題作文寫作,通常以論說文、說明文寫作格式為主,內(nèi)容一般涉及公眾關(guān)注的話題;還可意指英語信函、便條寫作,通常以英語信函寫作中常用的“混合式”格式為主,內(nèi)容一般涉及人們?nèi)粘I钪械慕煌鶈栴}新大綱指的是后者。在具體短文寫作時(shí)考生應(yīng)注意以下方面:(1)避免使用“過分”詞句,語言要簡明扼要有些英語初學(xué)者會(huì)覺得,在英語短文寫作中,使用的“大問”越多,水平就越高,這是一種不正確的看法,因?yàn)檫@會(huì)在英語短文寫作中導(dǎo)致“過分”用詞的問題??忌魑脑趦?nèi)容上要能夠做到緊扣命題或情景,應(yīng)采取語言簡明扼要的行文方式。下面列出一些在寫作時(shí)提倡和不提倡使用的詞語:括弧中的詞語為提倡使用的詞語
括弧中的詞語為提倡使用的詞語inregardto(about,concerning)
withregardto(about,concerning,on)inrelationto(toward,to)
inconnectionwith(about,of,in,on)onthepartof(for,among)
withreferenceto(on,about,concerning)inviewof(because,since)
intheeventof(if)inorderto(to)
onbehalfof(for)inaccordancewith(with,by)
bymeansof(with,by)inthecaseof(if,in)
inthematterof(in)intheamountof(for)
forthepurposeof(for)inthemajorityofinstances(usually)
inanumberofcases(some)onafewoccasions(occasionally)
inthetimeof(during)(2)不使用縮寫形式等過于口語化的字詞①一般不應(yīng)使用縮寫形式,如:不應(yīng)使用"itdidn't”,而應(yīng)使用“itdidnot”;不應(yīng)使用"they've”,而應(yīng)使用"theyhave"等。②一般不應(yīng)使用表示猶豫不決的短語,如:er,um,well,youknow...,andsoonsoforth,andetc.等(3)避免中文式的“鋪墊”“鋪墊”、“迂回”或“畫龍點(diǎn)睛”等寫作方法在中文短文寫作中無可非議,但不能使用在英語短文寫作中。例如,中文信件的開頭方式通常會(huì)是“你好!前日收到你的來信,深感欣慰。好久沒有給你寫信了。不知你的……如何?”等,此類句式不應(yīng)在英語信函短文寫作開頭處使用。原因是,此種方式會(huì)浪費(fèi)篇幅??荚囍杏⒄Z短文寫作有字?jǐn)?shù)限制,寫得太長同樣會(huì)被扣分。在進(jìn)行信函短文寫作時(shí),考生應(yīng)注意以下方面:(1)短文寫作情景分析中文情景寫作中需要直接表述和需要拓展表達(dá)的內(nèi)容。(2)確定信函短文寫作的謀篇布局信函短文寫作的謀篇布局的含義為信函寫作格式。信函短文寫作采用的是英語信函寫作中的“混合式”。(3)進(jìn)行語言轉(zhuǎn)換和拓展(4)信函短文合成61.參考范文DearClubManager,
January16,2007Ihopetojoinyourclubandattendtheactivitiesthere.Iworkasanofficeclerk.Ihavebeenprettybusyrecently.EverydayIhavetoreceivemanyvisitorsandfileplentyofpapers.Ihavetodraftareportforthegeneralmanageralmosteveryweek.IamsobusythatIfeelmuchtenseandbecometiredeasily.Iwanttobecomeamemberofyourclubtochangemysituation.Ihavesomehobbiessuchasreadingbooks,singingandcooking.Iwishyoucouldsendmesomeinformationaboutthecosttogetthemembership,thegeneraltimetablefortheclubanditsnormalactivities.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Warmregards.Yours,LiuJi(信體正文字?jǐn)?shù):119words)
33.Onepossibleversion:
October17th,2012
DearMr.JohnSmith,
ItismygreathonortotellyouthatyouhavewonthefirstprizeintheChineseCultureContest.Congratu-lations!
IwouldliketoinviteyoutoattendthecelebrationpartyontheeveningofDecemberlOthatFriendship
HotelinBeijing.AndyouareofferedalO-daytourinChina,freeofcharge.Ifyouareabletomakethetrip,pleasefillintheform.wemailyouwiththeletter.Be-sides,youwillhavetogetyourpassportready.Wewilldotherestforyou.Iamlookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.
Sincerelyyours,
LiHua
ChairCommitteeoftheChineseCultureContest
34.61.在描寫文中,要把方位按一定的順序描寫清楚,可用一些方位詞如:infrontof,behind,
beside,onbothsides,nextto等等。另外,校園的設(shè)施也要會(huì)講,如:教學(xué)樓theteachingbuilding,辦公樓teacher'sofficebuilding,試驗(yàn)室thelab,電教中心theAudiovisualCentre,圖書館thelibrary,宿舍dormitory,食堂canteen,操場theplayground等等。OurSchoolYardThisisamapofourschoolOurschoolislikeabeautifulgarden.Whenyouentertheschoolgate,awidetree-linedroadleadsyourighttothenine-storyclassroombuilding,wherewestudy.NexttotheclassroombuildingistheAudiovisualCentre,wherewecanwatchTVeveryevening.Oneithersideoftheschoolroad,thereisaflowerbedinwhichvariouskindsofflowersareinbloom.
Inthesoutheastofourschoolyardstandsourbeautifullibrarywithallkindsofbooksinit.Teachersandstudentsgothereenjoyingreadingintheirsparetime.Andinthenortheast,youcanfindthereachersofficebuilding.
Behindtheteachersofficebuildingisaplayground.
Besidetheplaygroundisanothernewly-builtbuilding—ourlab.Ifyougoalongtheroadbehindthelab,you'11arriveinthestudentlivingareawherethereareourdormitoriesandcanteens.Thelifeatourschoolisactive,joyfulandcolorful.Welcometoourschool.
35.Deargentleman,Iwishtoapplyforthepositionadvertisedinyesterday’sChinaDaily.IfeelthatIcanmeettheneedsofyourcompany.I’m22yearsofage.Aftergraduatingfromaseniormiddleschool,Itookatwo-yearcourseinabusinessschool,studyinghotelkeeping,typewritingandpublicrelations.I’mgoodatbothoperatingPCandtheEnglishlanguageinlisteningandspeaking.I’minterestedinsecretarialwork.IthinkIhavetheabilitytodotheworkwellandI’mfitforthejob.Iwantverymuchtobeacceptedbyyourcompany.I’llworkhardifIcanworkinyourcompany.Yourssincerely,LiXin
36.ToWhomItMayConcern:
Threedaysago,IjustgotthewatchIorderedfromyourstore.Yousentitontimeandthanksforthat.ButIfoundseveralproblems.First,thecolorisnotwhatIwanted.Iwantedgolden,butyougavemesilverinstead.IthoughtthatwouldbeOK,ifeverythingelseisgoodenough.Thestrangerthinghappens.Thewatchgetsfiveminutesslowereveryday,soIhavetokeepcorrectingit.Becauseofthis,Ifeelnervousaboutbeinglateforwork.Ireallycannotstanditanylonger.SoIhavetowritethislettertorequestgivingthewatchbacktoyouandfullmoneybacktome.
Alongwiththeletteristhecopyoftheorder.
Thankyou.Iamlookingforwardtohearingfromyou.
Yourssincerely,
LiYuan
37.LOSTAmobilephoneislost.ItisNOKIA3100,black.
IthinkIlostitinthelibraryonMondayevening(May7)whenIwaswalkingaroundtoborrowandreturnbooks.
Itis,infact,averyoldone.Butitisakindofmemoryofoneofmyfriendswhodiedofcancerthreeyearsagowhenshewasonly22yearsold.She'sgonebutleftthemobilephonetome.Ikeepitandneverthinkofreplacingitwithnewonejustbecauseitisfromher.
Ibegyoutocallmeat66778899ifyoufounditsomewhere.Iamexpectingtogetmymobilephoneback.
Thousandthanks.LiYuan
38.DearJulie:ThankyouverymuchforthedinnerthatyouinvitedmyhusbandandItoyesterday.Thefoodnotonlylookedandsmelledfabulousbuttastedgreat,andmyhusbandandIenjoyeditverymuch.Therefore,wewouldliketoinviteyoutodinnerat7p.m.thisFridayattheNorthwestChineserestauranttoreturnyourkindnessandhospitality.Pleasedocome.Yours,Helen
39.Stressisaforce,pressureortensionthatmakespeoplefeeldepressedorworried.Itcanmakepeoplephysicallyormentallyill.Buthowdowegetridofit?Thereareseveralways:
Travellingisaneffectivewaytoreduceanykindofstress.Planningthetripgivespeopleanexcitingmoodthatinspiresthemtobeactive.Byescapingfrompressure,theirmindwillberefreshedandpositive.
Gardeningisanotherfavorablewayoftreatingstress,becauseitprotectspeoplefrommentalandphysicalproblems.Flowersgivepeopleapeacefulandcheerfulfeeling,andthesunshinestrengthenstheirbodiestoresistthestresses.
Forreducingastressfullife,peopleshouldlivewiththesimplewaysthatareallaroundthem.
40.Onepossibleversion:
NOTICE
Inordertoimprovethestudents"listeningandspeakingability,theevery-other-weekEnglisheveningistobeheldinthelectureroom,No.2TeachingBuild-ing,at7:00p.m.thisSaturday,November24th.Pro-gramincludessongs,recitation,dances,playsandsoon.AndourEnglishteacherfromAmericaisgoingtomakeashortspeechaboutEnglishstudy.Everyoneiswelcome.Thosewhowouldliketotakepartinit,pleasesignyournamesattheStudents"Union,Room203,OfficeBuilding.
November20th,2012Students"Union
41.Atthesametime,however,ourfingerswillgrowmoresensitivebecausetheyareusedagreatdealinmodernlife.不過,與此同時(shí),我們的手指會(huì)變得更加敏感。因?yàn)樗鼈冊诂F(xiàn)代生活中用得很多。SectionB:
42.茲證明TomSmith先生自2009年10月至2010年10月在我系作為訪問學(xué)者從事計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)的研究茲證明TomSmith先生自2009年10月至2010年10月在我系作為訪問學(xué)者從事計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)的研究
43.即使是最繁忙的行政官員或企業(yè)的主管總是會(huì)抽出點(diǎn)額外的時(shí)間為客人提供茶點(diǎn)以示禮貌。
44.就這一方法本身而言,是值得一試的。
45.LifeisnotatrapsetforusbyGodsothathecancondemnusforsailing.Lifeisnotaspellingmatchwherenomatterhowmanywordsyou'vegottenright.You'redisqualifiedifyoumakeonemistake.Lifeismorelikeabaseballseasonwhereeventhebestteamlosesonethirdofitsgamesandeventheworstteamhasitsdaysofbrilliance.Ourgoalistowinmoregamesthanwelose.Whenweacceptthatimpressionispartofhumanbeingandwhenwecontinuerollingthroughlifeandappreciateitwe'llachievewholenessthatotherscanonlyaspireto.ThatIbelieveiswhatGodasksofus-not"beperfect"not"don'tevenmakeamistake".But"bewhole".LifeisnotatrapsetforusbyGodsothathecancondemnusforsailing.Lifeisnotaspellingmatch,wherenomatterhowmanywordsyou'vegottenright.You'redisqualifiedifyoumakeonemistake.Lifeismorelikeabaseballseason,whereeventhebestteamlosesonethirdofitsgamesandeventheworstteamhasi
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