寫作教程第2版-課件

EnglishWritingII1PPT課件EnglishWritingII1PPT課件Unit4Customs

Thefocusinthisunitisonthefeaturesandorganizationalpatternsofprocessandtheuseofrelevantlinkingdevicesinwritingsofprocessanalysis.Attheendoftheunityouareexpectedtobeabletousetechniquesofprocessdescriptioninparagraphwriting.2PPT課件Unit4CustomsThefocusiPartIWarm-upActivitiesLookatthepicturesonpage34,anddescribehowcookiesaremade.newwordsforreference:原料：ingredients搟（面）：roll面團(tuán)：paste蛋黃：eggyolks烤箱：oven烤：bake3PPT課件PartIWarm-upActivitiesLookReferencetotheprocessdescription:1.Blendalltheingredients.2.Rollthepasteintoroundcookies.3.Brushthepastewitheggyolks.4.Thenputitintheoventobake.4PPT課件ReferencetotheprocessdescrPartIIProcessAnalysis

Processwritingorganizesitsideasaccordingtothestepsoftheprocess.Theproceduresorstepshavetobearrangedastheyreasonablyorobjectively(notrandomly)occur.Thepurposeofprocessdescriptionisusuallytoinform,teach,orgiveideastothereaderabouthowsomethingnew(orinterestingorconventional)happensorinwhatwayitcanbecompleted.5PPT課件PartIIProcessAnalysisPOrganizationalStructureReadsample1&2,finishtheirfollowingtables,andsummarizethefeaturesastheyshowintheparagraphs.Sample1Questions:1.Whatisthetopicoftheparagraph?Thisparagraphoffersarecipeofmakingchocolatechipcookies.6PPT課件OrganizationalStructureReadsCompletethetableaccordingtothestepsinSample1:Step1Getreadyflour,water,sugar,salt,eggs,andchocolate.Step2Mixflourandbakingsodatogetherwithwater.Step3Addsaltandputbutterandsugartogetherinaseparatebowl.Step4Addtwoeggstothismixture.7PPT課件CompletethetableaccordingtStep5MixinchocolatechipsandnutsaftercombiningalltheingredientsStep6Placethelittlecookiesformedfromthemixtureontoacookiesheet.Step7Bakeallthesepiecesfor8minutesat375degreesFahrenheit.Step8(result)Herearethechocolatechipcookiesthatcanbeservedforafternoontea.8PPT課件Step5MixinchocolatechipsSummarizethepatternofprocessdescriptionintheparagraph.WehaveobservedthatthesampleparagraphexplainsordescribesthesuccessivestepsofmakingsomecookiesforafternoonteainBritain.Thispatternoforganizationiscalledprocesswriting.Inthispattern,youmayillustratetheprocessofdoingsomethingindetailfrombeginningtoend.Andthedescriptionofthesedetailshastofollowtheorderoftheactualsteps.9PPT課件SummarizethepatternofproceSample2Questions1.Whatisdiscussedinthetext?ThisparagraphtellsusaboutthefamousbullfightinSpain.10PPT課件Sample210PPT課件Nowdiscussingroupstheorganizationoftheparagraphandthenfillinthetablebelow:Whatarethestepsinvolvedintheperformance?Step1Performersareseenwalkingacrosstheringtothemusic(audiencewaitingforthefirstbulltoruninfromthatsmallwoodendoor).Step2Variousperformancesstart(bytheassistantbullfighters,thehorse-riders,thosetothrowsticks,andthefinalbullfighter).11PPT課件NowdiscussingroupstheorgaStep3Thefightingbullsfinallygetkilled.Step4Thebullfighterreceivesapplauseandawards,orabuse,cushionsorotherthings.Step5Theringplaceiscleanedup.12PPT課件Step3ThefightingbullsfinaSummarizethepatternthesampleparagraphsfollow:YoumayhavenoticedmanysimilaritiesaswellassomeslightdifferencesbetweentheorganizationalpatternsofSample1andSample2.Onthewhole,Sample2followsasimilarpatternoforganizationtoSample1inthewayitdescribestheprocessfrombeginningtoend.13PPT課件Summarizethepatternthesamp

Insuchapattern,thewritermayconvenientlystructurehisparagraphbythestepsastheyactuallyhappen,whileeffectivenessisalsoachieved.Withinthisframework,transitionaldevicesareoftenusedtoensureasmoothflowfromonesteptothenext.14PPT課件Insuchapattern,thewr(differences)

However,Sample2isnotascompletelyadescriptionofaprocessasSample1inthatsentencesofexplanationorclassificationareaddedhereandtheretofurtherclarifytheprocedure.Thisis,infact,moretypicalofprocesswriting.15PPT課件(differences)However,SamLinkingDevicesReadthefollowingtwoparagraphsandanswerthequestions:1.Whattopicsdotheparagraphsmainlydealwith?Bothparagraphsdealwithasimilartopic:buyingChristmascards.2.Whichparagraphiseasiertounderstand?ParagraphBiseasiertounderstand.16PPT課件LinkingDevicesReadthefollow3.Whatmakesthisparticularparagrapheasiertounderstand?Ithascertainwordsandphrasesthathelpclarifytherelationshipbetweenstepsofthebuyingprocess.17PPT課件3.Whatmakesthisparticular4.WhatpatternoforganizationcanbeidentifiedinParagraphB?ThisparagraphcombinesthecharacteristicsofSamples1and2intermsoforganization.Itnotonlystartsfromthepreliminarystagetotheendoftheprocess,butalsocontainssomesentenceswhichprovidesupplementarycommentsorexplanationswherenecessary.18PPT課件4.WhatpatternoforganizatioNowworkingroupsandfindoutthosewordsandphrasesthatindicatetheorderofproceduresinparagraphB.TheprocessofbuyingcardsWhenever…begintofirstthen…startdoingsomeotherfinallyInthisway…butanyhow19PPT課件NowworkingroupsandfindouCanyouthinkofanyotherexpressionindicatingprocessanalysis?whenever…begintodo/startdoing…atthebeginningof…first…then…finally…afterwardsthencomes……someother…20PPT課件Canyouthinkofanyotherexpafter/beforethis…inadvancenow…whenallthisisdonesignaltheendof21PPT課件after/beforethis…21PPT課件UnitSummary

Inthisunitwehavediscussedtwotypesofprocesswriting:exclusivedescriptionoftheproceduresinaprocessanddescriptionwithsupplementaryexplanations.Theexclusiveprocessdescriptionallowsthewritertocoverallthestepsorproceduresfrombeginningtoend,whereasthesecondtyperequiresthewritertoclarifycertainstepswithadditionalstatements.Thesecondtypeismorefrequentlyseeninpracticalwriting.22PPT課件UnitSummaryInthisunit

Anotherimportantpointdiscussedinthisunitisconcernedwithrelevantlinkingdevices,i.e.wordsorphrasesthathelpensureasmoothflowofstepsorclarifystepsinwriting.Weneedtomakeaconsciousefforttousethesedevicesinwritingparagraphsofprocessdescriptionsothatourwritingwillbeeffectiveandcoherent.23PPT課件AnotherimportantpointDiscussionDiscussinyourgroup,andthendraftanoutlineabouttheproceduresofaweddingceremonyinyourhometown,accordingthecustomsaboutwhatpeoplewoulddoinsuchaspecialday.1.2.3.…24PPT課件DiscussionDiscussinyourgrouEnglishWritingII25PPT課件EnglishWritingII1PPT課件Unit4Customs

Thefocusinthisunitisonthefeaturesandorganizationalpatternsofprocessandtheuseofrelevantlinkingdevicesinwritingsofprocessanalysis.Attheendoftheunityouareexpectedtobeabletousetechniquesofprocessdescriptioninparagraphwriting.26PPT課件Unit4CustomsThefocusiPartIWarm-upActivitiesLookatthepicturesonpage34,anddescribehowcookiesaremade.newwordsforreference:原料：ingredients搟（面）：roll面團(tuán)：paste蛋黃：eggyolks烤箱：oven烤：bake27PPT課件PartIWarm-upActivitiesLookReferencetotheprocessdescription:1.Blendalltheingredients.2.Rollthepasteintoroundcookies.3.Brushthepastewitheggyolks.4.Thenputitintheoventobake.28PPT課件ReferencetotheprocessdescrPartIIProcessAnalysis

Processwritingorganizesitsideasaccordingtothestepsoftheprocess.Theproceduresorstepshavetobearrangedastheyreasonablyorobjectively(notrandomly)occur.Thepurposeofprocessdescriptionisusuallytoinform,teach,orgiveideastothereaderabouthowsomethingnew(orinterestingorconventional)happensorinwhatwayitcanbecompleted.29PPT課件PartIIProcessAnalysisPOrganizationalStructureReadsample1&2,finishtheirfollowingtables,andsummarizethefeaturesastheyshowintheparagraphs.Sample1Questions:1.Whatisthetopicoftheparagraph?Thisparagraphoffersarecipeofmakingchocolatechipcookies.30PPT課件OrganizationalStructureReadsCompletethetableaccordingtothestepsinSample1:Step1Getreadyflour,water,sugar,salt,eggs,andchocolate.Step2Mixflourandbakingsodatogetherwithwater.Step3Addsaltandputbutterandsugartogetherinaseparatebowl.Step4Addtwoeggstothismixture.31PPT課件CompletethetableaccordingtStep5MixinchocolatechipsandnutsaftercombiningalltheingredientsStep6Placethelittlecookiesformedfromthemixtureontoacookiesheet.Step7Bakeallthesepiecesfor8minutesat375degreesFahrenheit.Step8(result)Herearethechocolatechipcookiesthatcanbeservedforafternoontea.32PPT課件Step5MixinchocolatechipsSummarizethepatternofprocessdescriptionintheparagraph.WehaveobservedthatthesampleparagraphexplainsordescribesthesuccessivestepsofmakingsomecookiesforafternoonteainBritain.Thispatternoforganizationiscalledprocesswriting.Inthispattern,youmayillustratetheprocessofdoingsomethingindetailfrombeginningtoend.Andthedescriptionofthesedetailshastofollowtheorderoftheactualsteps.33PPT課件SummarizethepatternofproceSample2Questions1.Whatisdiscussedinthetext?ThisparagraphtellsusaboutthefamousbullfightinSpain.34PPT課件Sample210PPT課件Nowdiscussingroupstheorganizationoftheparagraphandthenfillinthetablebelow:Whatarethestepsinvolvedintheperformance?Step1Performersareseenwalkingacrosstheringtothemusic(audiencewaitingforthefirstbulltoruninfromthatsmallwoodendoor).Step2Variousperformancesstart(bytheassistantbullfighters,thehorse-riders,thosetothrowsticks,andthefinalbullfighter).35PPT課件NowdiscussingroupstheorgaStep3Thefightingbullsfinallygetkilled.Step4Thebullfighterreceivesapplauseandawards,orabuse,cushionsorotherthings.Step5Theringplaceiscleanedup.36PPT課件Step3ThefightingbullsfinaSummarizethepatternthesampleparagraphsfollow:YoumayhavenoticedmanysimilaritiesaswellassomeslightdifferencesbetweentheorganizationalpatternsofSample1andSample2.Onthewhole,Sample2followsasimilarpatternoforganizationtoSample1inthewayitdescribestheprocessfrombeginningtoend.37PPT課件Summarizethepatternthesamp

Insuchapattern,thewritermayconvenientlystructurehisparagraphbythestepsastheyactuallyhappen,whileeffectivenessisalsoachieved.Withinthisframework,transitionaldevicesareoftenusedtoensureasmoothflowfromonesteptothenext.38PPT課件Insuchapattern,thewr(differences)

However,Sample2isnotascompletelyadescriptionofaprocessasSample1inthatsentencesofexplanationorclassificationareaddedhereandtheretofurtherclarifytheprocedure.Thisis,infact,moretypicalofprocesswriting.39PPT課件(differences)However,SamLinkingDevicesReadthefollowingtwoparagraphsandanswerthequestions:1.Whattopicsdotheparagraphsmainlydealwith?Bothparagraphsdealwithasimilartopic:buyingChristmascards.2.Whichparagraphiseasiertounderstand?ParagraphBiseasiertounderstand.40PPT課件LinkingDevicesReadthefollow3.Whatmakesthisparticularparagrapheasiertounderstand?Ithascertainwordsandphrasesthathelpclarifytherelationshipbetweenstepsofthebuyingprocess.41PPT課件3.Whatmakesthisparticular4.WhatpatternoforganizationcanbeidentifiedinParagraphB?ThisparagraphcombinesthecharacteristicsofSamples1and2intermsoforganization.Itnotonlystartsfromthepreliminarystagetotheendoftheprocess,butalsocontainssomesentenceswhichprovidesupplementarycommentsorexplanationswherenecessary.42PPT課件4.WhatpatternoforganizatioNowworkingroupsandfindoutthosewordsandphrasesthatindicatetheorderofproceduresinparagraphB.TheprocessofbuyingcardsWhenever…begintofirstthen…startdoingsomeotherfinallyInthisway…butanyhow43PPT課件NowworkingroupsandfindouCanyouthinkofanyotherexpressionindic